HomeMy WebLinkAbout23660AGREEMENT INFORMATION
AGREEMENT NUMBER
23660
NAME/TYPE OF AGREEMENT
STATE OF FLORIDA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT & MIAMI-DADE COUNTY
DESCRIPTION
GRANT AGREEMENT/ADOPTING MIAMI-DADE LOCAL
HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN/FILE ID: 15-01273/R-15-
0484/MATTER ID: 15-2221 K/#25
EFFECTIVE DATE
ATTESTED BY
TODD B. HANNON
ATTESTED DATE
12/9/2015
DATE RECEIVED FROM ISSUING
DEPT.
11/1/2021
NOTE
CITY OF MIAMI
DOCUMENT ROUTING FORM A3Leuo
ORIGINATING DEPARTMENT: Fire -Rescue
DEPT. CONTACT PERSON: Maria T. Martine?... EXT. 16 2 7 -2 . 2_ 5
NAME OF OTHER CONTRACTUAL PARTY/ENTITY: "Resolution Adopting the Miami -Dade
Local Mitigation Strategy ("LMS")" (Execution - Matter Id. 15-2221X
IS THIS AGREEMENT AS A RESULT OF A COMPETITIVE PROCUREMENT PROCESS? ❑ YES ❑ NO
TOTAL CONTRACT AMOUNT: $ FUNDING INVOLVED? ❑ YES ❑ NO
TYPE OF AGREEMENT:
❑ MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
❑ PROFESSIONAL SERVICES AGREEMENT
X GRANT AGREEMENT
❑ EXPERT CONSULTANT AGREEMENT
❑ LICENSE AGREEMENT
❑ PUBLIC WORKS AGREEMENT
El MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT
❑ INTER -LOCAL AGREEMENT •
❑ LEASE AGREEMENT
❑ PURCHASE OR SALE AGREEMENT
OTHER: (PLEASE SPECIFY)
PURPOSE OF ITEM (BRIEF SUMMARY) To adopt the above -mentioned in order to apply for, receive, expend and
sub -award, grant funds under various mitigation grant funding programs.
COMMISSION APPROVAL DATE: 11/19/2015 FILE ID: 15-01273 ENACTMENT NO.: R-15-1A.6f
IF THIS DOES NOT REQUIRE COMMISSION APPROVAL, PLEASE EXPLAIN:
ia�=ROUTINONFORMATIONa,':�• x.,
Date
Signature/Print
APPROVAL BY DEPARTMENTAL DIRECTOR
7
APPROVAL BY BUDGET DIRECTOR
SUBMITTED TO RISK. MANAGEMENT
!,/2//‘
SUBMITTED TO CITY ATTORNEY
Is- aazl K
i2 -1
APPROVAL BY CHIEF
/1/43/ir
ai--A
RECEIVED BY CITY MANAGER
SUBMITTED TO AND ATTESTED BY CITY CLERK
l ah / 1
.I
ONE ORIGINAL TOCITY.:CLERK,:ONE:COI?YTO ,CITY
ATTORNEY"S,OF,FICE, :REMAINING:,ORIGINAL(S)' TO
EP DARTMENT .
PLEASE ATTACH THIS ROUTING FORM TO ALL DOCUMENTS THAT REQUIRE
EXECUTION BY THE CITY MANAGER
CITY OF MIAMI
OFFICE OF THE CITY ATTORNEY
MEMORANDUM
TO: Maria Martinez, Administrative Assistant I
Fire -Rescue - COM
FROM: George K. Wysong, III, Division Chief for General Government
DATE: December 4, 2015 -
-
RE: Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) - Agreement
Matter ID No.: 15-2221K
Enclosed please find the captioned agreement which has been approved by the City
Attorney as to form and correctness. Once this agreement has been fully executed please file one
original agreement with the City Clerk as the official record, please keep one original agreement
as your Department record, and please e-mail a copy of the fully executed agreement to my
assistant at Paola.Cabrera@miami-police.org.
If you have further questions,,please feel free to contact me at 305-416-1800.
Enclosure(s)
WHEN RETURNING THIS CONTRACT
TO THIS OFFICE FOR FURTHER
REVIEW, PLEASE IDENTIFY AS
15-2221K
Doc. No.: 585068
City of Miami
Office of the City Attorney 117
Legal Services Request
To: Office of the City Attorney
From: Maria T. Martinez
Contact Person
Administrative Assistant I
Title
Date: 11 / 16/2015
Fire -Rescue
Requesting Client
305-416-1672
Telephone
Legal Service Requested:
Please Execute: "Resolution Adopting the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
("LMS")"
Please execute the above mentioned.
❑ Supplemental page attached.
Authorized by:
Date response requested by:
BELOW PORTION TO BE COMPLETED BY THE OFFICE OF THE CITY ATTORNEY
Assigned Attorney: Date: File No 15 —'1's. !
Approved by: Ultimate Client:
Comments: D / R Date:
Type:
Matrix:
Category:
Copy returned to Requesting Client
Copy to Ultimate Client
rev. 06/17/2011
DEPARTMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT
INSURANCE/SAFETY APPROVAL FORM
Name
Maria Martinez
Department
Fire
Review
Status
Commercial General Liability
Hired and Non Owned Autos
Workers Comp:
Owned Autos
Equipment Floater
Building and BPP
E&O
Medical Excess ,
7
Crime Coverage /
Pollution: / ,
Description
Loca Mitigation Strategy
Tracking #
Date:
11/24/2015
Financial
Ratings Strength REQUIREMENTS:
x
Insurance NOT Required
City of Miami is Named Additional Insured
The City is providing insurance
City of Miami is Loss Payee
Bayfront Park Named Additional Insured
APPROVAL ST _ S/
xx
APPROVED
Frank Gomez
Property and Cas alty Manager
Not Approved
Coverage is insufficient
Not A Rated Company
A Type of Coverage is Missing
Other
The City NOT Named_Additional Insured
Insurance/Safety Comments:
Grant Agreement between the City and Miami Dade County to apply for, receive and expend
and sub award grant funds under various mitigation grant funding programs.
Risk 002 11/24/2015 12:42 PM
DEPARTMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT.
NAME: MARIA T MARTINEZ DEPARTMENT: FIRE
DESCRIPTION: LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY
TRACKING # RM-16-117.
DATE: November 24, 2015
SUBMITTED TO CITY ATTORNEY: Date:
SUBMIT BACK TO DEPARTMENT: Date:
RETURNED BACK TO DEPARTMENT: Date:
GAVE TO:
CIP/PURCHASING:
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT:
PUBLIC WORKS: (ELSA)
COMPLETED BY: SADIE SUNOYIA BROWN
RECORDS SPECIALIST
11/24/2015-11:06:42 AM -
City of Miami
Master Report
Resolution R-15-0484
City Hall
3500 Pan American Drive
Miami, FL 33133
www.miamigov.com
File ID #: 15-01273
Version: 1
Enactment Date: 11/19/15
Controlling Office of the City Status: Passed
Body: Clerk
Title: A RESOLUTION OF THE MIAMI CITY COMMISSION ADOPTING THE MIAMI-DADE LOCAL
MITIGATION STRATEGY AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER, THROUGH THE
DEPARTMENT OF FIRE -RESCUE, DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT, TO APPLY FOR,
RECEIVE, EXPEND, AND SUB -AWARD MITIGATION GRANT PROJECT FUNDS.
Reference:
Name: Adopt Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Requester: Department of
Fire -Rescue
Notes:
Introduced: 9/24/15
Cost: Final Action: 11/19/15
Sections:
Indexes:
Attachments: 15-01273 Summary Form.pdf, 15-01273 Back -Up MDC Resolution.pdf, 15-01273 Legislation.pdf
Action History
Ver. Acting Body
Date Action
Sent To
Due Date Returned Result
1 Office of the City 10/23/15 Reviewed and
Attorney Approved
1 City Commission 11/19/15 ADOPTED
This Matter was ADOPTED on the Consent Agenda.
Aye: 4 - Wifredo (Willy) Gort, Frank Carollo, Francis Suarez and Keon Hardemon
Absent: 1 - Marc David Sarnoff
1 Office of the Mayor 11/25/15 Signed by the Mayor Office of the City
Clerk
1 Office of the City Clerk 11/25/15 Signed and Attested by
City Clerk
City of Miami
Page 1 Printed on 11/30/2015
AGENDA ITEM SUMMARY FORM
FILE ID: 15-01 273
D ate: 9/23/2015 Requesting Department: Fire -Rescue
Commission Meeting Date: 11/19/2015 District Impacted: All
Type: X Resolution ❑ Ordinance ❑ Emergency Ordnance ❑ Discussion Item
❑ Other
Subject: "Resolution Adopting the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy ("LMS")"
Purpose of Item:
Law Department
Matter ID No.
A Resolution adopting the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy ("LMS"). The State of Florida and
Federal Emergency Management Agency require local governments to adopt an approved LMS every
five (5) years, in order to apply for, receive, expend and sub -award, grant fiends under various mitigation
project grant funding programs.
Background Information:.
(SEE ATTACHED)
YES
YES
NO
Budget Impact Analysis
Is this item related to revenue? 1
Is this item an expenditure? If so, please identify funding source below.
General Account No:
Special Revenue Account No:
CIP Project No:
Is this item funded by Homeland Defense/Neighborhood Improvement Bonds?
Start Up Capital Cost: $0.00
Maintenance Cost:
Total Fiscal Impact: $0.00
CIP
Final Approvals
— (SIGN AND -DATE
If using or receiving aapital funds
Grants
Purchasing
Chief
Bud
Risk Management
Dept. Director
City Mana
Page 1 of 1
In 1998, the State of Florida funded an initiative to help communities develop local mitigation
strategies to mitigate effects of natural disasters and to identify sources of funds to address those
needs. The Board of County Commissioners adopted Resolution No. R-362-98 which approved
the execution of a Hazards Mitigation Strategy Agreement between the State. This action allowed
the County, through the Office of Emergency Management ("OEM"), to establish a working group
to oversee the development of the LMS. The LMS working group includes county departments,
municipalities, state and federal agencies, and various private entities. Federal and State
regulations require that the LMS be approved and adopted every five ,(5) years. Since 2000, the
Board of County Commissioners has adopted the LMS as required in the regulations,
Federal Emergency Management Agency ("FEMA"), which provides the majority of mitigation
funding, and the State of Florida require that projects be listed in Miami -Dade County's LMS in
order to be eligible and considered for funding under a variety of mitigation programs.
The County's adoption of the LMS Resolution is a requirement to apply for FEMA funds for the
projects included within the plan. The City Commission is required to adopt Miami -Dade
County's Resolution No. R-683-15, adopted September 1st, 2015, in order, to apply for, receive,
expend and sub -award, grant funds under various mitigation grant funding projects. The City of
Miami has 78 Projects in the plan.
City of Miami
Legislation
Resolution
City Hall
3500.Pan American
Drive
Miami, FL 33133
www.miamigov.com
File Number: 15-01273 Final Action Date:
A.RESOLUTION OF THE MIAMI CITY COMMISSION ADOPTING THE MIAMI-DADE
LOCAL MITIGATION STRATEGY AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER,
THROUGH THE DEPARTMENT OF FIRE -RESCUE, DIVISION OF EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT, TO APPLY FOR, RECEIVE, EXPEND, AND SUB -AWARD
MITIGATION GRANT PROJECT FUNDS.
WHEREAS, in 1998, the State of Florida ("State") funded an initiative to help communities develop
local mitigation strategies to mitigate the effects of natural disasters and to identify sourcesof funds to
address those needs; and
WHEREAS, on March 31, 1998, the Miami -Dade County Board of County. Commissioners adopted
Resolution No. R-352-98 which approved the execution of a Hazards Mitigation Strategy Agreement
with the State; and '
WHEREAS, this action allowed Miami -Dade County ("County"), through the Office of Emergency
Management ("OEM"), to establish a working group to oversee the development of the Miami -Dade
Local Mitigation Strategy ("LMS"); and
WHEREAS, the LMS working group includes County departments, several municipalities, state
and federal agencies, and various private entities; and
WHEREAS, the Federal Emergency Management Agency ("FEMA"), which provides the majority
of mitigation funding, and the State require that projects be listed in the County's LMS in order to be
eligible and considered for funding under a variety of mitigation grant programs; and
WHEREAS, the State and FEMA require local governments to adopt an approved LMS every five
(5) years in order to apply for, receive, expend, and sub -award grant funds under various mitigation
grant funding projects; and
WHEREAS, the City of Miami has 78 projects in the LMS plan; and
WHEREAS, the Miami City Commission desires its projects be listed in the County's LMS and,
therefore, wishes to adopt the same;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF MIAMI,
FLORIDA:
..Section 1..The recitals and findings_containedin the Preamble to this. Resolution are adopted_by
reference and incorporated as if fully set forth in this Section.
Section 2. The LMS is hereby adopted,
Section 3. The City Manager is authorized{1}, through the Department of Fire Rescue, Division of
City of Mianii Page 1 of 2 File Id: 15-01273 (Version: 1) Printed On: 10/19/2015
File Number: 1541273
Emergency Management, to apply for, receive, expend, and sub -award mitigation grant project funds
under various state and federal mitigation project funding programs under: the purview or the 1_MS.
Section 3. This Resolution shall become effective immediately upon its adoption and signature of
the Mayor.{2}
APPOVED S TO FORM AN
VVTORIA ENDEZ
ITYATTORNEY d
RRECTNESS:
Footnotes:
{1} The herein authorization is further subject to compliance with all requirements that may be
imposed by the City Attorney, including but not limited to those prescribed by applicable City Charter
and Code provisions.
{2} If the mayor does not sign this Resolution, it shall become effective at the end of ten (10) calendar
days from the date it was passed and adopted. If the Mayor vetoes this Resolution, it shall become
effective immediately upon override of the veto by the City Commission.
City of Miami Page 2 of 2 File Id: 15-01273 (Version.: 1) Printed On: 10/19/2015
0
DATE:
September 1, 2015
TO: Honorable Chairman Sean Monestime
and Members, Board of County Commissioners
FROM: Carlos A. Gimenez
Mayor
SUBJECT: Resolution Adopting the Miami -Dade cal Mitigation. Strategy and Authorizing the
County Mayor or County Mayor's Designee to Apply For, Receive, Expend and Sub -
Award Mitigation Grant Project Funds
Resolution No. R-683-15
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the Board of County Commissioners (Board) approve the attached resolution
adopting the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) that was approved by the State of Florida on
May 5, 2015 pursuant to federal and state regulations. Additionally, the attached resolution requests
approval to apply for, receive, expend and sub -award mitigation grant project funds.
SCOPE
The scope of the LMS is countywide.
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
Upon approval by the Board, the County Mayor or County Mayor's designee is authorized to apply for,
receive, expend and sub -award mitigation grant project fluids,
FISCAL IMPACT/FUNDING SOURCE
Funds related to the LMS come from both federal and state mitigation grant programs, and maybe
provided to the County, its municipalities, and various eligible private entities.
TRACK RECORD/MONITOR
Miami -Dade Fire Rescue Department's Office of Emergency Management's (OEM) Division Director,
Jonathan Lord, will review, revise, and monitor the LMS.
BACKGROUND
In 1998, the State of Florida funded an initiative to help communities develop local mitigation strategies
to mitigate effects of natural disasters and to identify sources of funds to address those needs, The Board
adopted Resolution No, R-3.62-98 which approved the execution of a Hazards Mitigation Strategy
Agreement with the State. This action allowed the County, through OEM, to establish a world.ng group
to oversee the development of the LMS. The LMS working group includes county departments,
municipa ities,_state and federal agencies, and various private entities, Federal and state regulations
requires that the LMS be approved and adopted every five (5) years, Since 2000, the Board has adopted.
the LMS as required in the regulations.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (.i'.bMA), -whiob provides the majority of mitigation finding,
and the State of Florida require that projects be listed in Miami Dade County's LMS in order to be
eligible and considered for funding under a variety of mitigation grant programs.
1
Honorable Chairman Jean Monestime
and Members, Board &County Commissioners
Page 2
Since the inception of the LMS, over $260 million of hazard mitigation funds has been awarded for over
200 projects within Miami -Dade County, In the past two (2) years, over 75 mitigation projects totaling
in excess of $85 million have been completed.
Additionally, attached for your review is the letter from • the State of Florida's Division of Emergency
Management documenting the LMS 's approval, pending adoption by the Board.
Russell Benford
Deputy Mayor
Attachment #1 — State of Florida Approval ofLMS
Attaelvnent #2 — Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
2
MEMORANDUM
(Revised)
TO: Honorable Chairman Jean Monestime DATE:
and Members, Board of County Commissioners
FROM: R. A. Cu = as, Jr.
County Attorney
September 1, 2015
SUBJECT: Agenda Item No. 3(g) (5)
Please note any items checked.
"3-Day Rule" for committees applicable if raised
6 weeks required between first reading and public hearing
4 weeks notification to municipal officials required prior to public
hearing
Decreases revenues or increases expenditures without balancing budget
Budget required
Statement of fiscal impact required
Ordinance creating a new board requires detailed County Mayor's
report for public hearing
No committee review
Applicable legislation requires more than a majority vote (Le., 2/3's ,
3/5's , unanimous ) to approve
Current information regarding funding source, index code and available
balance, and available capacity (if debt is contemplated) required
3
Approved Mayor Agenda Item No. 3( B) (5)
Veto 9.1-15
Override
RESOLUTION NO.
R-683-15
RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE MIAMI-DADE LOCAL
MITIGATION STRA 1'LGY AND AUTHORIZING THE
COUNTY MAYOR OR COUNTY MAYOR'S DESIGNEE
TO APPLY FOR, RECEIVE,EXPEND, AND SUB -
AWARD, IVIITIGATION GRANT PROJECT FUNDS
WHEREAS, in Resolution No, R362-98 the Board approved the initial execution of a
Hazards Mitigation Strategy Agreement with the State of Florida; and
WHEREAS, the State of Florida and Federal Emergency Management Agency require
local governments to adopt an approved Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy every five years,
in order to apply for, receive, expend and sub -award, grant funds under various mitigation
project grant funding programs; and
WHEREAS, this Board desires to adopt the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy,
which includes the participation . of municipalities and other governmental units whose
jurisdiction lies wholly within Miami -Dade County,
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COUNTY
COMMISSIONERS OF MIAMI-DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA, that this Board hereby
adopts the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy, in substantially the form attached hereto and
made a part hereof; and authorizes the County Mayor or County Mayor's designee to apply for,
receive, expend, and sub -award grant funds under various state and federal mitigation project
funding programs under the purview of the Local Mitigation Strategy,
Agenda Item No. 3(B) (5)
Page No. 2
The foregoing resolution was offered by Commissioner Xavier L. Suarez
who moved its adoption. The motion was seconded by Commissioner Daniella Levine Cava
and upon being put to a vote, the vote was as follows:
Jean Monestirne, Chairman. aye
Esteban L. Bovo, Jr., Vice Chairman absent
Bruno A. Barreiro absent .Dani.ella Levine Cava aye
Jose "Pepe" Diaz aye Audrey M. Edmonson aye
Sally A. Heyman absent Barbara J. Jordan aye
Dennis C. Moss aye Rebeoa Sosa aye
Sen. Javier D. Souto absent Xav_ierL. Suarez aye
Juan C. Zapata absent
The. Chairperson thereupon declared the resolution duly passed and adopted this 1st dap
of September, 2015. This resolution shall become effective upon the earlier of (1) 10 days after
the date of its adoption unless vetoed by the County Mayor, and if vetoed, shall become effective
only upon an override by this Board, or (2) 'approval by the County Mayor of this Resolution and
the filing of this• approval with the Clerk of the Board.
Approved by County Attorney as
to form and legal sufficiency.
Eric A. Rodriguez
MIAMI-DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA
BY ITS BOARD. OF
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS
HARVEY RUVIN, CLERK
By:
5
Deputy Clerk
STATE OF FLORIDA
DIVI•SI.ON OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
RiCK SCOTT
Governor
May 5, 2015
Ms. Cathie Perkins
Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy Chair
9300 Northwest 41 st Street
Miami, Florida 33178
BRYAN W. KOON
• Director
Re: Miami -Dade County Local Hazard Mitigation Plan Approved Pending Adoption
Dear Ms. Perkins:
This is to confirm that we have completed a State review of the. Mlaml-Dade County
Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) update for compliance with the federal hazard mitigation
planning standards contained in 44 CFR 201/6(b)-(d). Based on our review and comments,
Mlaml-Dade County developed and submitted allthe necessary plan revisions and our staff
has reviewed and approved these revisions, We have determined that the Miami -Dade
County LMS plan Is compliant with federal standards, subject to formal community
adoption, for the jurisdictions below:
Miami -Dade County
Upon submittal of a copy of all participating jurisdictions' documentation of their
adoption resolutions to our office, we will send all necessary documentation to the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) who will issue formal approval of the Miami -
Dade County LMS.
If you have any questions regarding this matter, please contact David M. Block at
850-413-9959 or david.block@em, myflorida,com.
Respectfully,
Mires E. Anderson,
Bureau Chief, Mitigation
State Hazard Mitigation Officer
MEA/dmb
Attachments: MEMORAIJUM: State approval of INS plans'under Program Administration
by States (PAS)
DI V IS 10 N H A D Q U A R TER s Tel: 860-413.9969 • Pax; 860-488.1016" STATE LOGISTICS RESPONSE CENTER
2665 Shumard Oak BouleVard w v.FlaNdaolsostar.ora . 2702 Dlreotors Row
Tallahassee, FL 32369.2100 Orlando, FL 32600.8631
:6
Local Mitigation Strategy.
Whole Community
Hazard Mitigation
Part I The Strategy
•- April 20 I -
7
LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1 — The Strategy
This page left intentionally blank.
April 2015 Pl-ii
LMS
Mi'ami�Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1-- The Strategy
INTRODUCTION 3
PURPOSE 3
How TO USE THIS PLAN 4
LMS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE. 5
LMS COORDINATORICHAIR ii
LMS Co -CHAIR 6
STEERING CoMIVIITr E 6
LMS WORKING GROUP (LMSWG) 6
Municipal Participation 7
LMS Sus-CoMMMlrrEEs (LMSS-C)' 7
MEETINGS .... 8
PLANNING PROCESS 8
Annual Updates 9
Monthly Updates (as needed) 9
Public Review and Comment 9
Five -Year Update 10
PLAN ADOPTION 10
REVIEW AND REVISION CRITERIA 1.1
PROGRAM BENCHMARKS 12
LMS -REVISIONS SINCE LAST ADOPTION 13
REGENT DEVELOPMENT/REDEVELOPMENT 20
MEASURING THE OVERALL EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LMS PROGRAM 22
POLICIES, ORDINANCES AND PROGRAMS AFFECTING MITIGATION 24
FEDERAL 24
STATE 25
Federal, State and Regional Governmental Entities 25
Cowry 27
County Programs 28
MUNICIPALITIES 30
Municipal Agencies and Their Mitigation Functions 30
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING POLICIES/ ORDINANCES AND PROGRAMS 31
MUNICIPAL INTEGRATION OF MITIGATION MEASURES 33
Aventura 33
Bal Harbour 34
Bay Harbor Islands 34
Biscayne Park 37
Coral Gables 37
Cutler Bay 38
Coral 40
El Portal " 40
Florida City 41
Golden Beach 41
Hialeah 41
Hialeah Gardens 41
Homestead 42
Key Biscayne 42
Medley... 44
_ Miami _ ...A..�,... �, ,w - �. - _45_
Miami Beach 47
Miami Gardens 48
Miami Lakes ' 50
Miami Shores 50
-April 2015 P1-I
9
LMS
Mi�trni-��e
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1-- The Strategy
Miami Springs.. 52
North Bay Village 52
North Miami 53
North Miami Beach 54
Opa-locka 60
Palmetto Bay •62
Pinecrest 62
South Miami 63
Sunny Isles Beach 63
Surfside 63
Sweetwater 64
Virginia Gardens 65
West Miami 65
MITIGATION GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 66
GOALS . 66
MITIGATION OPPORTUNITIES 68
'HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT 70
Drought 81
Erasion 84
Flooding 87
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms 95
Saltwater Intrusion 106
Sea Level Rise 110
severe storm 121
Tornado Y 125
Wildfire 127
Winter Storm 130
NATURAL HAZARDS BY JURISDICTION ti 133
MIAMI-DADE COUNTY CRITICAL FACILITIES INVENTORY 135
DATA SOURCES IDENTIFIED 136
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEIVIA) 136
Other U, S, Government Databases and Information Sources 136•
State of Florida 136
Miami -Dade County 137
Municipal Agencies 137
Additional Resources 137
CONFLICT RESOLUTION PROCEDURES 137
Apri12015
P1-ii
10
LA
Minn* Fade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
INTRODUCTION
The Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS) is.a whole community initiative designed to reduce
or eliminate.the long-term risk to human life and property from -hazards. The LMS plan is
a multi -volume plan that documents. the planning process and addresses mitigation
measures in relation to thehazard risk and vulnerability assessment of Miami -Dade
County. This is a living document that is updated to integrate and reflect current and
projected issues as identified and track mitigation measures and actions that have oc-
curred, are occurring, are planned for or are desired, This plan is a compendium of efforts
of the whole community, integrating governmental and non -governmental agencies such
as non-profit, private sector, educational and faith -based organizations as well as com-
munities, families and individuals. A study conducted by the Multi -hazard Mitigation
Council shows that there Is a four dollar savings for every dollar Invested into mitigation
measures.
This version of the plan is the five year update with inclusion of new initiatives including
the integration of climate change, sea level rise and additional measures to address flood-
ing and the Community Rating System. This plan was open for public review and com-
ments received were integrated and then the plan was submitted to the Florida Division
of Emergency Management (FDEM). and the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) for review and approval. Once this plan is approved at the federal level it will be
submitted to the Miami -Dade Board of County Commissioners (BCC) for adoption. A
review of the changes that have been made to the LMS since its lastadoption in 2010 is
provided in Part 1 under Section "LMS Revisions Since Last Adoption' and Part 4: Ap-
pendix A.
Purpose
The purpose of the LMS Is to develop a comprehensive approach to effectively reduce
the impact of current and future hazards and risk faced by local communities within Miami -
Dade County. 1
The LMS accomplishes this through thefollowing measures:
• A planning process that encourageswhole community participation and input
• Review and incorporation of community plans, local, state and federal regulations
and guidance, studies, reports and technical information
• Overview of past and present occurrences and projected future hazard events
• Linkage of mitigation measures and actions to the Threat and Hazard Identification
and Risk Assessment (THERA)
• Identification of measures and actions as LMS Projects that have been accom-
plished, are planned for implementation or identified as potential or future initia-
tives
• _.Identification__ of_potential.or_actual.funding-sources.... . __ _
EMAP 4.4.1
April 2015 P1-3
LMS
Miarrik ode
The Miami -Dade Local. Mitigation Strategy
• Part 1: The Strategy
• integration of GIS to provide maps to illustrate hazard and risk areas, consequence
• analysis and mitigation measures
• Semi-annual reviews and updates of all strategy components
• Regular meetings,, informational bulletins, tralnings and workshops to engage the
mitigation participants
• An identified process for monitoring the overall progress of mitigation strategies
and documentation of completed Initiatives
This strategy will continuously evolve to address current and future risk and vulnerability.
How to use this Plan
The LMS is divided into seven parts:
Part 'l - The Strategy - Provides an overview of the LMS and identifies how the program
is implemented, the integrationand update of plans, identifies authorities and references
that guide the program, and sets forth the goals and objectives for specific measures and
actions to address the threats and hazards faced by our communities.
Part 2 - The Projects - Contains the list of projects Identified by Working Group members
for mitigation measures/actions they have completed, are pursuing or one day hope to
implement, and the methodology for how projects are initially prioritized. 2
Part 3•- Funding - Identifies potential funding sources for mitigation projects.
Part 4 - Appendices - This section contains a number of supportive documents includ-
ing
• List of Updates made to the plan since the last adoption
• List of LMS members including Steering Committee, Working Group and Sub -
Committees
• Miami -Dade Resolution Adopting the LMS
• State Letter approving the LMS
• FEMA Letter approving the LMS
• Local Charter information for Metropolitan form of Government
• Integration Document •
• THIRA --Demographic
• Economic Assessment
• Maps
• Community Survey
Part 5 - Meeting Notes.- Contains meeting notes and attendance since the beginning
of the program--....----- . - . .. _ ... . -- -- ...- -
2EMAP4.4.4
April 2415 PI-4
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Miami-P de
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Part 6 — Completed Projects — Contains a description of some of the completed projects
Part 7 - Flooding: The NFIP (National Flood Insurance Program) and CRS. (Commu-
nity Rating System) — Contains information specific to flood management plans and
identifies activities in support of the CRS program
All parts of the LMS are published separately to allow for lntermlftent updates:
All of these sections are published on the LMS website and are open for public com-
ment at any time, the plan is at htto:/lwww.miamidade.gov/fire/mificiation.asp and com-
ments can be sent to mdlrns(e miamidade,gov.
LMS ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
The LMS is a reflection of initiatives that are Identified and supported by the LMS Coordi-
nator, LMS Co -Chair, the LMS Steering Committee, the LMS Working Group (LMSWG)
and LMS Sub -Committees (LMSS-C) and ultimately adopted by local elected officials. A
complete listing of the participants of the LMS are listed in Part 4 Appendices B and C.
LMS CoordinatorlChair
The Whole Community infrastructure Planner of the Miami -Dade Office of Emergency
Management (OEM), serves as the LMS Coordinator/Chair. The LMS Coordinator is re-
sponsible for the review, monitoring, update and maintenance of the LMS plan, coordina-
tion of meetings, trainings, review and archiving of LMS Projects and dissemination of
information pertinent to the mitigation goals and objectives set forth in the LMS. The LMS
Coordinator participates in workshops, trainings and conferences throughout the year to
benefit the LMS. The LMS Coordinator maintains a distribution list of persons interested
in mitigation and is responsible for the website updates.
April •2015 P1-5
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Mixnri-paste
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
LMS Co -Chair
The LMS Co -Chair is an appointed position by the LMS Steering Committee and assists
the Chair with review and development of documents, provides consultation to the Chair
and is responsible to stand In for the Chair in case of any unforeseen absences.
Steering Committee
The Steering Committee acts as a "board -of -directors" and is responsible for the devel-
opment of policy guidance. Members of the Steering 'Committee are representative of
the organizations found within the larger Working Group (Le. municipal, county, educa•
-
tional, not -for -profit, private sectors and individuals). The Steering Committee acts as a •
review committee for the establishment of this LMS and the prioritization of the projects
therein when a limited funding source is :available. Membership on any committee shall
be voluntary and subject to the review and approval of the LMSWG. A committee mem-
ber who falls to attend a reasonable number of committee meetings may be dropped from
participation in the committee by a majority vote of the other members of that committee.
Currently, any planning and program development issues are addressed through as -
needed Steering Committeemeetings and in.an. open forum through the quarterly meet-
ings.
LMS Working Group (LMSWG)
The LMSWG is composed of representatives from eight main groups:
• Municipalities
• County Departments
• Colleges and Universities
• Hospitals and Health Care
• Private Non -Profit
• Private Sector/Businesses
• Regional, State and Federal Partners
• Other Stakeholders, including private citizens
The makeup of the LMSWG is notlimited to any particular organization•or jurisdiction.
Numerous others have expressed the desire to participate in the LMS and are welcome
to do so. Each organization is encouraged to solicit participation and commentary from
its citizens, employees and members.3
To be considered a participant of the LMS and receive the benefits thereof, a municipality,
county department or any other organization must attend at least two of the four quarterly
3 EMAP 4,4.2
April 2015 P1-6
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Mia►� -PBde
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
meetings held each year. The LMSWG endorsed this policy unanimously on September
20, 2001. However, any organization may substitute regular participation and attendance
on an active LMS committee or subcommittee in lieu of attendance at the quarterly meet-
ings. The agencies that are participating in the LMSWG are identified in Part 4 Appendix
8.4
Municipal Participation
Within Miami -Dade County the following municipalities are active participants of the LMS.
City of Aventura
City of Hialeah Gardens
City of North Miami
Bal Harbour Village
City of Homestead
City of North Miami Beach
Town of Bay Harbor Islands
Village of Key Biscayne
City of Opa-Iocka
Village of Biscayne Park
Town of Medley
Village of Palmetto Bay
City of Coral Gables
City of Miami
Village of Pinecrest
Town of Cutler Bay
City of Miami Beach
City of South Miami
City of Doral
City of Miami Gardens
City of Sunny Isles Beach
Vi(lage of El Portal
Town. of Miami Lakes
Town of Surfside
City of Florida City
Miami Shores Village
City of Sweetwater
Town of Golden Beach
City of Miami Springs ,
Village of Virginia Gardens
City of Hialeah
City of North Bay Village
City of West Miami
Indian Creek Village opted to leave the LMS and the City of Islandia is no longer consid-
ered a municipality.
For simplicity sake of the document, municipalities will be referred to by only the name
and not the full title e.g. City of Coral -Gables will be referred to as Coral Gables.
LMS SubYCommittees (LMSS-C)
In order to streamline the Working Group's activities, various sub -committees may be
formed, each addressing. an area of concern as needed. Initially, committees were
formed to deal with flooding, evacuations, funding, community education, external policy,
agriculture and wildfires. The formation and disbandment of sub -committees is done in
correlation with the trending issues that need addressing and. participation from the work-
ing group members. The current listing of sub -committees may be found in Part 4 Ap-
pendix C.
A EMAP 4.4.2
April 2015 P1 -7
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Miam$ bads
Meetings
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
The Steering Committee and Sub -Committees meet as needed and the full Working
Group meets once each calendar quarter. Meeting announcements are posted on the
LMS webpage, announced in the LMS information Bulletins (monthly) and emails are sent
to a distribution group of representatives maintained in. the LMS Contact list, maintained
by the LMS Coordinator. The LMS Coordinator sends a meeting invitation for the quar-
terly meetings via the LMS email distribution list at least one month in advance of the
meeting.
The representatives are encouraged to post meeting notifications prominently; on com-
munity bulletin boards or in some other way, to notify the public or other interested parties
at least thirty days prior to each meeting. Meeting times, dates and locations will also be
posted on the LMS website: htte://www.miamidade.aov/fire/mitlqation.ase.
A listing of meeting notes and attendance records are kept in Part 5.
PLANNING PRACESSS
In the spring of 1998,. the state of Florida contracted with and provided funding to each of
the counties within the state to develop an LMS. Community members embraced the
LMS as the devastation of Hurricane Andrew, was still freshin their memories. The first
meetings were set and development of the original strategy was begun. The plan has
evolved over the years to encompass the changes In our communities and evolution of
hazards and risks.
The LMS Coordinatorwith the assistance of the LMS Steering Committee, and input from
the LMSWG, LMSS-C and the general public, undertakes to incorporate updates and
monitors the plan to keep it relevant and forward looking, Updates will be based on fac-
tors such as recent disaster events, changes in local, state, and federal policies and leg-
islation, changes in development and comments and input provided on the plan. The
LMS takes into consideration emerging issues such as aging infrastructure and. housing
stock and how new development and redevelopment projects impact our communities•
The elements listed within the "Review and Revision Criteria" section of the document will
be used as monitoring criteria for this document.
The LMS Coordinator includes a listing of the revisions made to the plan In relation to
these factors, as documented in the section entitled "LMS Revisions Since Last Adop-
tion".
b EMAP 4.4.5 •
April 2015 P 1-8
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Miami -Patin
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1:.The Strategy
Annual Updates
The LMS is updated on an annual basis and as part of a regular update and monitoring
process. Any proposed changes will be reviewed and compared against LMS and CEMP
Crosswalks provided by FDEM, the Emergency Management Accreditation Program
(EMAP) Standards and the CRS Coordinator's Manual, An annual update to the LMS is
provided to the State by January 31 d every.year and the documents are subsequently
posted on the local website. As of March 2015, the LMSWG voted to have the LMS
Projects be updated one time per year. Updates are to be made by October31d. Agen-
cies that have not updated their projects will be notified that they must comply with the
update by December 318i or their projects will be made Inactive. See Part 2: The Projects
. for more information on project updates and maintenance.,
Monthly Updates (as needed)
Part 7 of the LMS may be utilized by CRS communities to post their Annual Activity 510
Progress Reports. CRS communities are responsible for sending this information to the
LMS Coordinator for inclusion. An update to Part 7 will be posted on line by the last
calendar day of any month during which time a 510 report was received. It is the respon-
sibility of the CRS community to provide their reports to the LMS Coordinator at least 10
working days in advance of the end of the month to allow for incorporation and posting
on the website.
Public Review and Comment
At all times, the latest published version of the LMS will be posted on the Miami -Dade
County Internet website .- http://www.miamidademov/fire/mitidation.asp — for public re-
view and commentary. Any comments received through this medium will be incorporated
through .the revision process identified above. An email address, mdlms@miami-
dade.rov, has been established for such commentary, which is strongly encouraged.
The LMS Quarterly meetings are posted on our website and for the five-year review pro-
cess, additional municipalitiesalso advertised the meeting, review process and website.
.April 2015 P1-9
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LMS
hilan0-13oste
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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In October 2014, OEM posted a message on our Facebook page and sent out tweets via
Twitter to encourage community members to review and comment on the draft of the plan.
Five -Year Update
A complete state and federal review and approval of this plan and is conducted on a five-
year cycle. The plan has undergone review and approval from FDEM and FEMA in 2000,
2005 and 2010. The five-year review process incorporates the annual updates and a
review of the Local Mitigation Strategy Crosswalk as provided by FDEM. FDEM notifies
the LMS Coordinator twelve months in advance of the plan expiration. The plan is up-
dated and prepared for the third quarterly meeting of the fourth year for public review and
comments on the plan. Once all comments are reviewed and incorporated as deemed
appropriate, the updated plan will be submitted to the FDEM, by the LMS Coordinator,
for review approximately six months prior to its expiration.
FDEM will review the plan and provide comments, and if needed the LMS Coordinator
will make revisions to satisfy any crosswalk deficiencies. Once the plan has been ap-
proved by the state It is then sent to FEMA for review and a similar process occurs until
it is approved by FEMA,
Plan Adoption
Once the plan has been approved by FEMA, the plan will be submitted to the Miami -Dade
Board of County Commissioners (BCC) for adoption. Miami -Dade County has a metro-
politan form of government with its own Home Rule Charter (see Part 4--Appendix G for
additional information). When the BCC passes a resolution or ordinance, that action au-
tomatically includes all the municipalities within the county. in the event a municipality
does not wish•to participate in the action, that municipality must, through their own reso-
lution, opt out. For example, when the BCC ad_o.p_ted this LMS_; the municipalitie__s were
automatically-irnclUded and none opted out.
April 2015 • P1-10
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LiVIS
The. Miami -Dade Local! Mitigation Strategy
mi mi`Ondc Part 1: The Strategy
Local communities that wish to utilize the LMS. as their floodplain management plan for
credit under the CRS program must also do a local adoption of the LMS. Copies of the
local adoption should be sent to the LMS Coordinator to be incorporated into .Part 4.
Review and Re. vlision Criteria
This documentwiil be updated by the LMS Coordinator with the assistance of the Steering
Committee and Input' from the LMSWG. The majority of revisions made to each section
of this document are based upon LMSWG meetings where comments are sought from
participants. The public is also given an opportunity to review.this document and provide
comments through the Miam1-Dade Countywebsite, Revisions may also be made based
upon experience from any significant events such as a hurricane, destructive tornado,
severe hazardous materials spill or any other occurrence where mitigation could benefit
the community. Changes in federal, state, and local laws will also be reflected in the
updatedversion of this document. The revisions will then be documented and posted on
line and/or sent out via LMS information Bulletins by the LMS Coordihator to all affected
parties.
The evaluation criteria includes:
1, Havethere been any new mandates from federal, state or local agencies that require
changes to the Local Mitigation Strategy? Any new or changing laws, policies or reg-
ulations?
2. Are there any societal developments or significant changes in the community that
must be added to the current LMS? Does the LMS still reflect the concerns of the
community? Are the demographics the same? Has there been any growth or devel-
opment in hazard areas?
3. Have there been any changes in funding sources or requirements?
4. Are thereany recent technological developments that should be reviewed for inclusion
in the LMS document?
5. Should the LMS be updated to include any new forms of hazards or areas of vulnera-
bility within our community?
6. Have there been any changes in the Comprehensive Plan or any other form of stand-
ard operating procedure?
7. Have any of the mitigation opportunities been implemented? Are the priorities for
implementation the same?
8. What are the recommendations or lessons learned from any major incidents that have
occurred during the past year?
During the revision process, each criterion is addressed to determine if they are still valid
and adjustments are made as necessary. When satisfied that the criteria are appropriate,
each of the outstanding mitigation opportunities is then compared against the criteria. All
existing mitigation opportunities that are determined to still be viable projects will remain
on the project -list: Allthose that are determined to -be na longer workable will.be selasice
for further review and revision or, dropped as no Iongerfeasibie.
April 2015 P 1-11
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S
�/iamil'��►ede
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation ;Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
PROGRAM BENCHMARKS
This section provides an overview of the highlights of the plan as well as recent updates
to the plan In relation to risk analysis and changes In development. A complete listing of
all of the meeting minutes since the beginning of the LMS program may be found in Part
5.
1998 — Miaml-Dade County began developing a LMS program through funding from the
State of Florida',
September 1999 - The Miami -Dade County LMSWG voted to continue the LMS program
with or without state funding.
March 2000 The LMSWG determined that the LMS master document should be updated
two to three tithes each year and the updates, including the project list for new, updated,
completed and deferred projects would be updated twice a year.
June 6, 2000 - The Miami -Dade BCC passed Resolution R-572-00 formally adopting the
Local Mitigation Strategy as official county policy thus further promoting program continu-
ity.
September 13, 2000 - Miami -Dade County, along with its municipalities and' other organ-
izations was designated by FEMA and the Florida Department of Community Affairs to
be a "Project Impact Community."
December 6, 2000 The LMSWG agreed that they would become the Project Impact
Working Group and that the LMS would continue under the auspices of Project Impact.
Henceforth, Project impact and the LMS became synonymous.
December 2000 - The LMSWG.determined that the LMS Project List would be updated
by June 30th and December al st of each year.
May 30, 2001 - A formal "signing ceremony" took place at Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
for members of the LMSWG to sign a proclamation for becoming a "Project Impact Part-
ner." (Although FEMA no longer endorses Project Impact the LMSWG agreed that_the
Project Impact concept will continue in Miami -Dade County regardless of what it is called.)
June 7, 2005 - The Miami -Dade BCC passed Resolution R-710-05, which states that
grant applications filed under the auspices of the: Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
no longer have to go to the Commission for approval, but instead authorizes the county
manager to "Apply for, receive, expend and amend applications for grant funds for pro-
jects listed in the Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation.Strategy,"
June 2008 .- The LMSWG celebrated its 10th anniversary, with over 300 completed miti-
gation projects at a value exceeding 250 million dollars. A listing of completed mitigation
projects that have been tracked may be found in -Part 6.
April2015 P1-12
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LMS
M arn1r^
MY e
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
November 2009 - The County Mayor delegated signature authority to the Director of
Emergency Management for contract and grant -related documents under the purview of
the LMS Program. This was renewed In 2012.
April 10, 2010 — Adoption of the five-year update of the LMS by the BCC
May 5, 2010 - F1~MA approved the five-year updateof the LMS
LMS Revisions Since Last Adoption
This section provides an overview of the achievements of the LMSWG to continue to
promote an.d incorporate mitigation measures across the whole community concept and
address changes to our risk profile and development and re -development.
September 2010
• September 15 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Climate Change considerations were presented at. the Quarterly meeting and the
County's publication Green Print is referenced regarding planning measures. It is
recommended that the LMS incorporate Climate Change into the hazards and mit-
igation. measures.
December 2010
• December 15 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• The. International Hurricane Research Center has started .a competition for high
school students to design a mitigation project that is to be tested in front of the
large fans of the Wall of Wind. This outreach project promotes the next generation
to consider mitigation measures during design and development.
January 2011
• Annual update to the FDEM submitted by the LMS Coordinator.
February 2011
• OEM received the updated Florida Statewide Regional Evacuation Study Program
results that 'Included expanded storm surge areas that were modeled using the
Sea Lake Overland Surge from Hurricanes (SLOSH), new Lidar data and slightly
larger storms. From this an analysis of the potential areas for evacuation will be
determined.
March 2011
• March 16 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
____.SFWMD_presented_on their.workln_.the C--4-(Tamiami Canal) _.Basin_ .and_the.major_______
mitigation work that was implemented there after heavy rain events in 1999 and
2000. This project continues to mitigate flooding in those areas, SFWMD contin-
ues to plan and work with .local jurisdictions on flooding concerns.
Apri12015 PI.13
21
L
Miami=f�ado .
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
June 2011
• June 15 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Funding opportunities were discussed, focusing on Pre -Disaster Mitigation monies
and how to maximize the chances of getting funded..
September 2011
• September 21 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Presentation on the International Hurricane Research Center and the work being
done in relation to wind research, social sciences, insurance finances, economic
and coastal issues. The Wall of Wind is utilized locally to test new mitigation prod-
ucts for compliance with wind impacts.
December 2011
• December 14 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• The Community Rating System Coordinators Manual will be undergoing significant
changes and the LMSWG was encouraged to review the documents and if they
had any questions or concerns submit them to Mike Gambino, the LMS Co -Chair
and Floodplain Manager for Miami Gardens.
January 2012
• Annual update to the FDEM submitted by the LMS Coordinator.
March 2012
• March 2012 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• P.lanning process for the Miami -Dade Post Disaster Redevelopment Plan begins
and the LMSWG members are encouraged to participate in the deveiopment and
have the LMS tie into the longterm recovery and redevelopment of the community
after a disaster,
May 2012
• State Department of Economic Opportunity distributes guidance on Adaptation
Planning Considerations,
June 2012
• June 2012 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Public Works and Waste Management present on the County's Storrnwater Man-
agement Plan and the ability of their department to monitor real time- rain events
through over 100 rain gauges.
September 2012
• September 2012 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Special presentation on the 20th Anniversary of Hurricane Andrew and how that
- event helped create many of=the-mitigation-initiatives. In. -Miami -Dade including the- - -- --
LMS, the Wail of Wind, the International Hurricane Research Center and. tougher
building codes.
April 2015 PI-14
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LMS.
M ard•Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
December 2012
• December 2012 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Discussion and tour of the. new Camillus House Norwegian Cruise Line Campus
that Is a 31,000 square foot building with a 48-bed homeless shelter that is Gold
LEED certified and can be used for emergency housing,
January 2013
• The THIRA plan was integrated into the LMS to replace having different hazards
identified within the LMS and Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan
(CEMP). This will ensure continuity in addressing hazard preparedness, response,
recovery and mitigation.
• The Whole Community approach, as described by FEMA, was integrated into the
LMS Program to illustrate how the work that is being done is representative of the
entire community.
• Annual update to the FDEM submitted by the LMS Coordinator.
• The LMS Coordinator developed a monthly LMS information Bulletin in order to
convey information to LMS stakeholders on a regular basis. Topics include infor-
mation on upcoming meetings, project requirements, funding and training oppor-
tunities and notes from meetings and/or webinars and general items of interest for
the group, The LMS Information Bulletins are posted on the LMS webslte and also
sent out via the distribution list.
• Notified LMSWG of the five year update and LMS Coordinator proposed ideas for
updates to the plan for input by the LMSWG
• Two new Steering Committee Members were identified: Nichole Hefty, Chief, Of-
fice of Sustainability and Paul Vitro, Whole Community Recovery Coordinator and
liaison with Emergency Support Function (ESF)18 — Business Recovery.
February 2013
• The LMS Coordinator met with the Steering Committee to discuss the vision of the
program moving forward and identifying actions to be addressed in the 2015 up-
date of the LMS. items identified for action included:
o Review and update of the project prioritization system and inclusion with pro-
jects
o Potential Sub -Committees that could work on identified initiatives
o incorporation of elements from the Community Rating System to obtain uniform
credits for CRS communities and provide more information on flooding
o incorporation of Sea Level Rise into the THIRA and into the LMS, including
mapping of future risk areas
o Expanding the public outreach opportunities
o Engaging elected officials
o identification of additional grant opportunities
• LMS Information Bulletin highlights Sandy Recovery Improvement Act of 2013
March 2013
• March 20 Quarterly Meeting open td the public
Ideas discussed for the 2015 Update of the plan are presented
April 201.5 P1-15
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LMS
Miatokilido
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
The following Sub -Committees were formed to work on identified areas
o CRS User Group was adopted as an LMS Sub-Comrrmittee to. address
NFIP/CRS and flooding issues
o Extreme Weather Events to Iook at the current active cycle of tropical activity,
'sea level rise, climate change and other weather events that can increase the
impact of hazards and vulnerabilities.
o Education and Outreach to identify opportunities for training, seminars, work-
shops and public outreach for our participants and the community at large,
o Structural Committee — to look at best practices and new and upcoming prod-
ucts, codes and rules that can improve mitigation measures,
o Agriculturai to rook at hazards and mitigation measures for the agriculturaland
landscaping stakeholders.
o Marine Interests to look at hazards and mitigation measures for the marine In-
dustry and work on updating a brochure to educate the boating community.
o Financial/Grants to look at opportunities for funding and grants and help identify
best practices to assist stakeholders.
• New Storm Surge Planning Zones were announced based upon the State Hurri-
cane Evacuation Study done in 2010 based on new LIDAR data and increased
hurricane size. ( See new map in Part 7)
• Training sessions offered on new zones and public outreach campaign impie-.
mented
• Alliance for Response, a cultural community initiative, works with OEM and LMS
Coordinator for outreach to agencies
April 2013
• New Storm Surge Planning Zones available on line
• Agriculture/Landscaping Sub -Committee Meeting
Mav 2013
• Extreme Weather gents Sub- Committee Meeting
• CRS/Flooding Sub -Committee Meeting
• May 22, IHRC..hosts Wall of Wind competition for local high schools
June 2013
• Marine Interests Sub -Committee Meeting.
The LMS Project list was converted from a word document to an Excel spread-
sheet in order to standardize information submitted for projects and in anticipation
of moving the entire system to an Internet based tracking system.
• June 19 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• Steering Committee Meeting
• Storm surge layer added to FLIPPER (online mapping system offered by OEM)
• Alliance for Response conference
Julv 2013
• LMS Information Bulletin with focus on insurance and webinar on surge impacts
from Superstorm Sandy and mitigation measures
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy.
Part 1: The Strategy
August 2013
• Structural Sub -Committee Meeting
• Grants/Finance Sub -Committee Meeting
• Marine .interests Sub -Committee Meeting
• The Enhanced State of Florida Mitigation Plan approved by FEMA which increases
the ceiling for the Public Assistance .monies available through the Hazard Mitiga-
tion Grant Program
September 2013
• September 18 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• OEM provided access to the Public Works and Waste Management (PWWM) rain
gauges that provide real time rain data from over 100 locations throughout the
county. The Local NWS office requests this as well to help with local forecasting
capabilities.
• LMS Coordinator begins design and development of LMS Project Board for We-
b EOC,
October 2013
• The LMS Coordinator and the Steering Committee worked on updating the project
prioritization tool for theproject list. A proposed update was sent to the Steering
Committee members and collectively they worked to modify the tool until it was
agreed upon and adopted as the new Benefit Cost Review (BCR) process. The
BCR was integrated into the WebEOC LMS ProjectBoardand stakeholders were.
requested that all projects have a BCR score completed by June 30, 2014. The
updated BC,R toot may be found in Part 2 The Projects.
• CRS/Flooding Sub -Committee Meeting
• Fifth Annual Southeast Florida` Regional Climate Leadership Summit
November 2013
• Education and Outreach Sub -Committee Meeting
• Miami -Dade Water and Sewer Department (WASD) provides a preview of a mod-
eling tool developed in conjunction with the US Geological Service (USGS) that
will assist local stakeholders in determining the potential risks of sea level rise
based upon various inputs for levels of sea level rise and precipitation and evaluate
how land use and water management inputs affect scenarios.
December 2013
• All projects were migrated Into WebEOC under the LMS Project Board. Active
members of the Working Group were provided training; assistanceand accounts
to be able to input and update projects on the list. Additional information requested
on projects included address specific information and flood basin information so
- -- that•projects-can-be-tracked geographically. -Part-2— The Projects provides more
details on this component.
• OEM sponsored the FEMA L-278 class on the NFIP CRS to assist local flood plain
managers In learning about the new changes to the. CRS Coordinator Manual. This
April 2015 P1-17
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
class provided a foundation for the expansion of Part 7 of the LMS to support our
local communities and help provide uniform credits to all of the CRS communities.
The LMS Coordinator, 30 local and regional communities and a.newiy appointed
State CRS Coordinator attended the weeklong session.
• • December 11 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• OEM sponsored FEMA Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA) training.
January 20144
• Regional LMS Coordinators (Miami -Dade, Broward, Monroe and Palm Beach
Counties) met in relation to the Integration of sea level rise Into their respective
LMS plans and discuss measures moving forward.
• Annual update of LMS submitted to FDEM
February 2014
• Community Preparedness Study implemented to learn more about preparedness,
response and mitigation behaviors of the community.
March 2014
• March 19 Quarterly Meeting open to the public,
• LMSWG is -requested to assist with continued plan updates for the five year update
• Hydrology/Topology layers including canals, basins, contour lines, ground eleva-
tion and FEMA flood maps put on FLIPPER
• New Impact Assessment tool introduced, that can be utilized to track event dam-
ages and flood impacts
April. 2014
• OEM sponsors a Whole Community Planning Workshop to cover topics such as
Community Awareness, Emergency Sheltering, Climate Change, Private/Public
Sector Planning, Post -Disaster Redevelopment Planning and Storm Surge.
• LMS information Bulletin announces homeowner readiness workshops that
LMSWG members can sponsor in their jurisdictions.
May 2014
• May 21, IHRC hosts Wall of Wind Competition for local high schools
• , Feel the Force Event with displays and personnel to address hurricanes, storm
surge and flooding.
June 2014 .
• June 18 Quarterly Meeting open to the public
• The LMS Coordinator began integrating the list of completed projects Into the LMS
Project Board so as to track the projects ail in one place. In 2015 the task of
geocoding locations to be able to track on a map where projects have been com-
pleted and are -proposed -to take- place will -begins ---- • --- - - -
• The LMS Coordinator set up a meeting. with MDWASD to continue working on.
presenting and rolling out the new model to forecast potential areas impacted by
sea level rise
April 2016 P1-18
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LMS • The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Mtarnk►aiae Part 1: The Strategy
•
• On June 24, 2014, FEMA (through a contractor, Baker AECom) held the discovery
meeting for the Southeast Florida Coastal Study for an updated R1SKMap project.
Ninety-three people attended the meeting including representatives from munici-
palities, county departments, regional partners, and a state representative. The
coastal maps Identified 28 communities .locally that could be impacted by this new
study. The col[ection of data will occur over the next two _years with an anticipated
date of 2019 for the new maps to take. effect.
July 2014•
• OEM, WASD, PWWM, Miami -Dade Regulatory and Economic Resources (RER)
Office of Sustainability and Office of Metropolitan Planning — Long Range Planning
met to discuss the integration of the Adaptation Action Areas into the 2017 Com-
prehensive Development Management Plan (CDMP).
• Part 2 of the LMS updated on line
August 2014
• CRS/Flooding Sub -Committee Meeting
• Drafts of Part 1 and 2 of the updated LMS Plan sent to Steering Committee Mem-
, bers for review,
September 2014
• OEM cohosts meeting with WASD to demonstrate the -new sea level rise model to
a limited group of stakeholders, The presentation was developed to -help explain
the complex hydrogeology of Miami -Dade County and provide an understanding
of the base information utilized In .the modeling scenarios. OEM, WASD, PWWM
and RER will continue to work together to identify the potential impacts and edu-
cate the community:.
• Additional draft portions of the five-year update are sent out to LMS Steering Com-
mittee members for initial review and comment.
• September 17 Quarterly meeting open to the public
• LMS five-year update open far public comment and posted on LMS website
October 2014
• Sixth Annual Southeast Florida Regional Leadership Climate
Summit
• LMS named a Weather Ready Nation Ambassador by the Na-
tional Weather Service
• October 31 closing date for' public comment for five-year up- W V1-168,R Y NATIO
date of LMS
• OEM begins update of THIRA, LMS Coordinator actively engaged
November 2014
- ----R - Project list -updated -for plan -submittal --- - - — - - — —
• November 24 submittal of five year update to FDEM
13AS-. DORN
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Part 1: The Strategy
December 2014
• December 10 Quarterly LMS Meeting open to the public
Meeting to include presentation from RER adaptation action areas and how to re -
mediate flood damages
• Vulnerability Modeling Workgroup meeting to discuss WASDiUSGS model
January 2015
• Comments_received from the State for the five year update
• Annual update submitted to FDEM
• Updates made to On per State comments
March 2015 .
• March 18 Quarterly LMS Meeting open to the public
• Voted on annual update of projects to be complete by October 31 each year
• Voted on projects not updated by December 31 to be made inactive
• Voted on inactive projects not updated by the first quarterly meeting of the year to
be permanently deleted
• March 18 CRS Subcommittee. meeting — CRS webinar and development of PP(
Recent DevelopmentlRedevelopment
Miami -Dade County Regulatory and Environmental Resources (RER) maintains a Com-
prehensive Development Master Plan (CDMP) to guide future development looking out
to the year 2030. A copy of the elements of the CDMP may be found in Part 4, Appendix
H with a review of how these elements support mitigation measures and areas for con-
sideration. As identified in Land Use (LU) Element, Miami -Dade is looking to emphasize
development around centers of activities, development of well -designed communities -
containing variety of uses, renewal and rehabilitation of blighted areas and contiguous
urban expansion when warranted, rather than sprawl. LU-3D identified that the County
shall coordinate with municipalities in Coastal High Hazard Areas and areas with repeti-
tive losses to minimize demand for facilities and services in areas that result in redevel-
opment and increases in. residential densities. LU-3E addresses an analysis on climate
change and the impacts on the built environment addressing development standards and
regulations related to Investments of infrastructure., developmentlredevelopment and
public facilities in hazard prone areas. LU-3K identifies an initiative to determine the fea-
sibility of designating Adaptation Action Areas, areas that may be vulnerable to storm
surge and sea level rise impacts and LU-3L Identifies that the County will work with the
local municipalities to do the same, There are currently nine projects identified in Part 2
of the LMS that specifically address sea level rise.
Recent years have also shown increased vulnerabilities as the modeling and mapping
capabilities improve and as more information is gathered on the potential Impacts of cli-
- — mate -change and sea-level-rise.-This--version-of the plan- integrates -updated -information- ----- —
on storm surge and sea level rise and climate change into our hazards, mitigation
measures, mapping and project list. LMSWG members continue to identify LMS projects' •
April 2015 P 1-20
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
to address aging infrastructure to deaf with current and emerging threats. There are cur-
rently over 600 projects identified for infrastructure improvements identified in Part 2. As
an example, Miami Beach has been very proactive In installing new drainage infrastruc-
ture and pump systems to mitigate seasonal king tides, which are perhaps a preview of
what sea level rise may bring to some of our coastal communities. In October 2014, the
elements of the mitigation projects that had been installed were tested by the seasonal
high tide and were very successful in limiting sea water from coming up through the storm
drains. Our communities continue to include mitigation in their development and redevel-
opment projects through inclusion in their Master Plans and Capital Improvement plans.
Agencies are proactively including mitigation projects into their internal funding and cap-
ital improvement budgets, over 150 projects have been identified with these funding
sources identified.
A 2014 analysis of our housing stock shows that 48% of our housing stock was built
before the first FiRM maps were developed and 22% of our housing stock was built before
there were any special elevation requirements implemented by Miami -Dade County. The
continuedefforts to identify flood mitigation projects is reflected by the 237 identified flood
and storm surge projects in Part 2 of the LMS. The LMS Project Board allows us to track
mitigation measures by flood basins with the intent that we can coordinate efforts in areas
of RL and SRL. As the FEMA FIRM maps were updated in September 2009 and new
Coastal Flood maps, are currently being studied and developed, andwith the proposals
of changes to flood policy rates, the LMS has embraced additional measures to help'in-
tegrate CRS initiatives to assist communities with maintaining or improving their rating.
Hurricane Andrew brought about improved building code requirements and currently
about 26% of our housing stock has been built to higher wind mitigation standards since
they have been adopted. In the Community Survey conducted by OEM, 57% of the re-
spondents said they do have adequate materials to protect their home from. storms and
hurricanes. When we compared those that had experienced previous damage to those
who did not we saw that 67% of those that had experienced previous major or cata-
strophic damage had materials to protect their home as compared to 41 % who had never
experienced any damage.
As many of the areas of our county are already developed, new development and re-
development provide opportunities for structures to be built to or retrofitted to higher build-
ing code standards that include wind and flood mitigation considerations. The Beacon
Council reported that in fiscal year 2012-13 that companies interested in doing ,business
in Miami -Dade invested $535 million in new capital investment projects. According to the
first quarter Analysis of Current Economic Trends, prepared by the Regulatory and Eco-
nomic Resources Department,the construction sector has grown 11 % since last year but
still remains lower than the 2007 peak. Foreclosure rates have declined significantly
since 2014, 55% less. More than 1 million square feet of new industrial space has been
constructed over the year and 1.7 million additional square feet are under construction.
Representatives from RER and other local andregionalplanning entities are involved in
the Miami -Dade LMS and continue to provide input and guidance to our plan.
April2015 P1-21 •
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Measuring the Overall Effectiveness of the LMS Program'
The Miami -Dade LMS strives to continue to evolve and address the issues, concerns and
challenges identified and encountered. by our participants. Changes in personnel,.)shifting
and diminishing funding sources, emerging and increasing threats and risk, aging infra-
structure and housing stock and an increasing, diverse and transient population base
necessitate the LMS to continuously take stock, re-evaluate and update the strategy.•
Table l shows an overview of how we have increased our effectiveness.
Tablet LMS Program Effectiveness
Hazard
Assessment
• Incorporation of the Miaml-Dade Threat Hazard Identification and Risk As-
sessment (THIRA) provides one source for hazard assessment for the Mi-
ami -Dade CEMP, LMS and stakeholder agencies to utilize In planning and
coordination efforts, 6
• Research and incorporation of climate change and sea level rise identifies
potential future risk into THIRA
• Incorporation of new and updated maps
• Added an Economic Analysis (Part 4 Appendix J) to better understand the
employment sectors and potential impacts
• Analysis of housing stock to look at structures built before flood plain map-
ping and regulations
• Identification of tools and software to help stakeholders assess and under-
stand risk. Precipitation Frequency estimates from NOAA (Part 7)
• New impact assessment tool, ARM360, provided through OEM to local
stakeholders to assist with damage assessment after an event to better
track and document at risk hazard areas and impacts (Part 7)
Collabora-
tion
Integration
• Collaboration with PWWM to access rain gauges and linkage with local
National Weather Service to be able to better tie forecasting with real time
monitoring for flooding.
• Collaboration with the Office of Sustalnability and participation In the
Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact has increased the
number of planning agencies we are working with.
• Collaboration with WASD to utilize the ground and surface water model,
developed with USGS. Stakeholders were offered training on the software
so they can run analyses to better identify the potential impacts of sea level
rise at a local level.
• Engaging agencies for the update of the NFIP Coastal Study for FIRM
maps for Discovery Meeting held June 24, 2014
• Engagement of Alliance for Response (cultural community) including work-
shops and exercise
• Identification of the LMS as a Whole Communityinitiative
• Review of community planning documents and Identifying areas to better
integrate mitigation into comprehensive planning. and capital improvement
(Part.4 Appendix-H and added -Municipal Integration to Part 1.) - ---- --
B EMAP 4.4.5
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1e The Strategy
e•
The State of Florida hired a contractor who provided suggested language
for the incorporation of climate change and sea level rise into the State
Enhanced Mitigation Plan, Miami -Dade used this as a guide in updating
the THIRA.
A review of the action Items In the Regional Climate Action Plan•Implemen-
tation Guide was performed and supported. (Part 4 Appendix H)
Hosted L-278 class to assist local communities with the changes in the
CRS manual and to identify opportunities to include elements into the LMS,
included ISO personnel and newly appointed state CRS Coordinator.
LMS Coordinator active in 2015 update of THIRA including new maps and
identification of vulnerable areas in alignment with Comprehensive Prepar-
edness Guide 201.
Project
Identification
and Track-
ing''
Public
Awareness
• Improved project tracking system through creation of Internet based board
and encouraged participants to also track any projects that they are doing
mitigation on to illustrate all of the mitigation work being done locally (Part
2)
• Updated the project prioritization process, Benefit Cost Review, and built
It Into the project submittal process to help identify benefit of protects based
on Suitability, Risk Reduction and Cost and Time. (Part 2)
• Began adding previously completed projects to the archive list to build his-
tory of mitigation measures. (Part 5)
• Added Appendix 2 to Part 2 to track Deleted/Deferred Projects
• Annual Feel the Force event at Museum of Science discussing the haz-
ards, risks and how to prepare for hurricanes and storm surge.
• 2014 Feel the Force Event, added flood hazard information to the event
• 2013 public information campaign for the new Storm Surge Planning
Zones
• 2014 Community Survey to gauge the, public's awareness of hazards and
risks and provide information to the community on storm surge planning
zones, evacuation assistance programs, how to sign up for pet -friendly.
shelters and how to receive alerts. (Part 4, Appendix L)
7 EMAP
April 2015
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L MS The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Mias,Gade Part 1t The Strategy
POLICIES, ORDINANCES AND PROGRAMS AFFECTING MITIGATION
There are many federal, state and county laws and.pblicies that affect hazard mitigation
and all the members of the LMSWG. Some of those are:
Federal •
1, The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, P.L. 93-288 as
amended (The Stafford Act) is interpreted by Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regula-
tion (44 CFR) and governs FEMA and emergency management and sets forth the
federal concepts for hazard mitigation. It also defines the Coastal Barriers Resources
Act (44 CFR 206 subpart J) and describes floodplain and environmental management
(Parts 9 and 10).
2. The Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA-2K) has also redefined parts of The 'Stafford
Act and those changes have been incorporated into this document, Much of FEMA
has been further redefinedby the "Post -Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act
of 2006," which was enacted by Congress and signed Into law by the President in the
fall of 2006.
3. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) and the Community Rating System
(CRS) FLA-15, July 1996, sets up a community rating system for flood insurance of-
fering incentives for communities and credits for identified floodplain management ac-
tivities.
4. National Fire Code, 1993.and NFPA 101 Life Safety Code define uniform fire safety
standards adopted by rule by the State Fire Marshal,
5. Title 15 of the Code of Federal Regulations, which defines the Coastal Zone Manage-
ment Act (15 CFR Parts 923 and 930).
6. Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulation which defines the National Environmental
Policy Act including such mitigation measures as included in. the National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Part 61), Toxic Substances Control Act
(Part 763), the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and CERCLA (the Super -
fund),
7. Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations that defines the Occupational Safety and
Health Act containing many hazard mitigation measures.
8. Presidential Decision Directives 39 and 62 are the authorities directing the develop-
ment of terrorism response.
8 EMAP 4.4.3
April 2015 P1-24
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
9. Presidential Policy Directive (PPD) .8: National Preparedness was released in March
2011, The goat of PPD 8 is to strengthen the security and resilience of the US through
five preparedness mission areas — Prevention, Protection, Mitigation, Response and
Recovery.
a. National Protection Framework follows the guiding principles of resilience and
scalability, a risk informed culture and shared responsibility.
b. National Mitigation Framework establishes a common platform for coordinating
and addressing how the Nation manages risk through mitigation capabilities.
c. National Response Framework includes establishing a safe and secure environ-
merit moving towards recovery.
d. National Disaster Recovery Framework focuses on how to best restore, rede-
velop and revitalize the community and build a more resilient Nation.
10, National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP): provides a framework for programs
and initiatives for the protection of critical infrastructure and key resources (Cl/KR) and
ensures that resources are 'applied where they offer the most benefit for mitigating
risk.
11, PPD — 21 Critical infrastructure and Resilience establishes a national policy on critical
infrastructuresecurity and resilience
State
1, State of Florida Statutes which are pertinent to hazard mitigation include:
a. Chapter 161 — Beach and Shore Preservation
b. Chapter 163 — Conservation, Aquifer Recharge and Drainage Element
c. Chapter 255 — Public Property and Public Buildings
d. Chapter 373 — Water Resources
e. Chapter 403 — Environment Controls
2. The South Florida Water Management District is a regional government agency that
oversees the water resources in the southern half of the state through managing and
protecting water resources including balancing and improving water quality, flood con-
trol, natural systems and water supply.
3. South Florida Fire Prevention Code 1992-93 (adopted by the County Commission)
defines standards for fire prevention and allows controlled burns as mitigation.
Federal, State and Regional Governmental Entitles
The federal, state and local entities that perform hazard mitigation functions are almost
too numerous to name. However, some of the more prominent ones are: FEMA, the
April 2015 P1-25
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Atarin"oasif4 Part 1: The Strategy
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administra-
tion (OSHA), U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE), Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS), FDEM., Florida Department Economic Opportunities, Florida Depart-
ment of Transportation.(FDOT), South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and
many more.
The government entities that are located in and affect Miami -Dade County and its munic-
ipalities that perform hazard mitigation functions are varied and represent all levels of
government: federal, state, county and local. The Federal Emergency Management
Agency has funded hundreds of hazard mitigation projects fallowing Hurricane Andrew
and to a lesser extent following the 1993 March windstorm or "Storm of the Century," the
February, 1998 "Groundhog Day" storms and more projects have been implemented fol-
lowing Hurricane Irene in 1999 and the October 3, 2000 floods (pre -Tropical Storm
Leslie), the tornados of March 27, 2003, the hurricanes of 2004 (Charley, Frances, Ivan
and Jeanne) and most recently: Katrina, Rita and Wilma in 2005 and Tropical Storm Fay
in 2008. FEMA also delvesdeeply into mitigation as administrator of the National Flood
Insurance Program to which all municipalities in Miami -Dade County are part.
The USACE is responsible for restoration. and renourishment of most of the county's
beaches, maintenance of the Intracoastal Waterway, 'maintenance of Government Cut
and the Miami Harbor entrance, and some shared responsibility with the South Florida
Water Management District for the canal and levee systems throughout the county. Mit-
igation functions in these areas by the Corps are multiple and varied.
The South Florida Water Management District is responsible for the operations and
maintenance of the primary canals system, on behalf of the USACE, performing flood
control operations, throughout the county, based on a schedule of operations, which de-
termined when control structures are opened and closed. Flood control mitigation oppor-
tunities exist to benefit ail of South Florida through the placement of new and maintenance
of existing structures. These structures, located throughout the county, also mitigate
against saltwater intrusion into the Biscayne Aquifer from which Miami -Dade County's
drinking water is supplied..
The United States National Park Service controls Everglades National Park that covers
one third of the land area of Miami -Dade County and Biscayne National Park that covers
over half of Biscayne Bay. ,
The United States Department of Agriculture's Farm Service Agency provides assistance
to the farming community similar to that which FEMA provides to counties and municipal-
ities, Also, the Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly Sell Conservation Ser-
vice) helps with mitigation such as canal bank restoration and stabilization,
The United States Forestry Service and the. Florida Division of Forestry both keep fire
-trails and fire breaks open, conduct -controlled -or -prescribed -burns -and -assist -with -debris ---
clearance, all of which mitigate and facilitate fire control by keeping fuel levels low.
April 2015 P 1-26
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MiaruI-t►o e
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
The Florida Department of Transportation must be a major participant in any mitigation
endeavors undertaken throughout the county, They, along with the Miami -Dade Express-
way Authority, maintain and control our major thoroughfares including the expressway
system. They also control, along with Miami -Dade County PWWM, Florida East Coast
and CSX railroads and the Town of Bay Harbor Islands, the twenty-three movable bridges
that cross the Miami River and the Intracoastal Waterway.
County.
1. Board of County Commission Resolutions
a. R-572-00, which establishes the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy as official
county policy
b. R-710:-05, which authorizes the county manager to apply for, receive, expend and
amend applications for projects listed in the Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy.
c, R-45.1-14, which requires all County infrastructureprojects to consider potential
impacts of sea level rise during all project phases.
2. Pertinent Miami -Dade County laws include codes and ordinances that govern the un-
incorporated and municipal activities, as follows:
a. Chapter 8(b) of the county code, which deals with emergency management;
b. Chapter 11 (c) , covering Development within Flood Hazard Districts;
c. Chapter 17, i.e, the Housing Code, focused on maintaining the housing stock in
decent safe and sanitary conditions;
d. Chapter 18b covering right-of-way landscaping;.
e. Chapter 24 covering the activities of the Miami -Dade Division Environmental Re-
sources Management (DERM) for permitting hazardous materials;
f. Chapter 28 of the county code which deals with subdivision regulations;.
g. Chapter 33, covering zoning activities for approval of a development of regional
impact
h. Floodpiain Management Program sets the criteria for elevations and assesses the
risks for flooding for different areas of the County;
1. Miami -Dade County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) man-
dates that municipalities have emergency management plans, as well as recom-
me-nds-t elserfarr lance of hazard mitigation activities; - -
April 2015 P1-27
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Miami -bade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
1. Miami -Dade County Comprehensive Land Use Plan dictates current land use and
controls future land use and growth throughout the county;
k. The Public Works Manual, especially Section D5, concerning coastal construction;
I. Dade County Environmental Protection Ordinance, Coastal and Freshwater Wet-
lands Regulations, Sections 24-58 and 24-59.
3. Miami -Dade County. Landscape Maintenance Special Taxing Districts provide tree -
trimming programs that prevent more severe damage during windstorms.
4. On March 1st 2002 the Florida Building Code (FBC), was adopted by Miaml-Dade
County and all the Municipalities, consequently replacing the South Florida Building
Code. The High Velocity Hurricane Zone (HVHZ) portions of the code are applicable
to Miami Dade and Broward Counties only, the HVHZ sections of the FBC in addition
to the most current ASCE- 7 standard contains a stricter design and construction
measures,especially to protect windows, walls and roof from wind -born debris. In
2012, the FBC was amended to include flood protection measures and use of ASCE-
24.
5. The Local Law Enforcement Mutual Aid Agreement with Miami -Dade County designed
to coordinate and supplement local -resources.
6. The Statewide Mutual Aid Agreementfor Catastrophic Disaster Response and Recov-
ery establishes a local resource for .all Working Group members that are presently
signatories.
7. The Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact set forth an agreement.be-
tween Miami -Dade, Broward, Palm Beach and Monroe Counties to work in collabora-
tion to address the impacts of climate change on Southeast Florida. The Climate
Change Action Plan was subsequently developed to identify and pursue reduction and
resiliency measures In the region.
County Programs
Stormwater Management Masterplan
This program has the responsibility of the evaluation of flood protection levels of service.
The Stormwater Management (Drainage) Level of Service (LOS) Standards for Miami -
Dade County contains both a Flood Protection (FPLOS) and Water Quality (WQLOS)
component. The minimum acceptable Flood Protection Level of Service (FPLOS) stand-
ards for Miami -Dade County shall be protection from the degree of flooding that would
result for a duration of one day from a ten-year storm, with exceptions in previously de-
:- ----veloped- canal -basin s,-where-additional development -to this -base -standard -would -pose -a ----
risk to existing development. All structures shall be constructed at, or above, theminimum
floor elevation following the latest version of the Florida Building Code or as specified in
April 2015 P1-28
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L The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Piiann145ade Part 1.: The Strategy
Chapter 11-C. of the Miami -Dade County Code, whichever is higher. The incorporated
areas of the county (municipalities) may have adopted stricter elevation standards.
Subdivision and Other Regulations.
Miami -Dade County Code imposes certain developmental requirements before land is
platted. These relate to the provision of water and sewer facilities, local streets, sidewalks,
drainage, and'dpen space. Before use permits or certificates of occupancy can be issued
Section 33-275 of the Miami -Dade County Code requires that adequate water, sewage
and waste disposal .facilities be provided.
Shoreline Review.
The. Shoreline Development Review Ordinance was adopted in 1985 and prescribes min-
imum standards for setbacks, visual corridors and, with its' accompanying resolutions,
sets out aflexible review process through which architectural interest, building orientation,
Landscaping, shoreline use compatibility,.access, and other design related elements can
be negotiated with the developers and enforced by the local governing jurisdiction.
Area Plan Report
Since 1998, Area Plan Reports have emerged as a preferred planning technique for
community visioning and helping to find answers to fundamental planning questions.
An Area Plan Report is a practical planning technique, which blends public participation,
detailed planning, and the development of Implementation tools. Its principal focus Is the
creation of planning products (instead of processes. Public participation is indispensable
for a successful Area Plan Report. The overriding objective is the creation of a detailed
plan, which .resolves areas of concern identified in the Area Plan Report study area; often
these concerns involve capital improvements such as roads, sewers, sidewalks, parks
and other community improvements. The Planning and Zoning Divisions of the Depart-
ment of Regulatory and Economic Resources (RER). implements the Area Plan Report
process as a collective planning effort that develops a small area plan which incorporates
the priorities of a community.
Coastal Management
The Beach Restoration and Preservation Program is Miami -Dade County's mechanism
for initiating and coordinating federal and/or State projects essential to the protection and
recreational viability of Miami-Dade's ocean shoreline. Local participation in the determi-
nation of activities pertaining to beach restoration and preservation is included in the pro
gram. The County has benefited from large federal and State funding contributions and
the expertise obtained as a result of the program. Most notably, the Miami -Dade County
Beach Restoration Project now provides hurricane and erosion control protection far up-
land property and a vast recreational resource for public use. This project replaced a
seriously eroded shoreline sustained only by bulkheads and seawalls, which offered little
protective or recreational value. Implementation of erosion control projects is based on
the following criteria:
1: Need -for protection of public safetyand-property in -areas threatened -by -coastal- - — -- ---
erosion.
,April 2015 P1.29
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IC1iami-waste
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
2. To provide enhanced beach -related recreational opportunities for both visitors
and Miami -Dade County residents.
, 3. To provide more effective and efficient long-term management of our natural and
restored beach systems.
The Biscayne Bay Restoration and Enhancement Program objectives are to maintain or
improve ecological, recreational, and aesthetic values of Biscayne Bay, its shoreline,
and coastal wetlands. Projects include shoreline stabilization, mangrove and wetland
habitat restoration, and bay bottom community enhancement at parks and other public
lands. These contribute to erosion control, water quality, and fisheries and wildlife re-
souroes.
Future capital expenditures will be directed primarily towards maintaining and enhanc-
ing durability of restored beaches and to environmental improvement of the Biscayne
Bay ecosystem. All of these projects are developed and carried out based on the best
scientific and technical information available to the agencies involved.
Municipalities
1, The Basic Emergency Management Plan sets forth the procedure for all activities of
the municipality before, during and after emergencies.
2. A Stormwater Management Plan, which is focused on flood -related hazards and de-
fines the relevant mitigation goals, evaluates appropriate and feasible mitigation
measures and prioritizes such measures into an Action Plan for systematic implemen-
tation.
3. A Floodplain Management Plan manages development in the floodplain. All cities
within the county are striving to establish a floodplain management plan and partic-
ipate in the Community Rating System. NFIP has stated that the LMS may serve as
a floodplain management plan for its participants,
4. A Comprehensive Land Use Plan controlling growth and development within the
municipality.
MunicipalsAgencies and Their Mitigation Functions
The municipalities of Miami -Dade County each have within their structure certain depart-
ments and agencies which affect and promote mitigation. While these agencies may
have slightly different names from city to city, the role they perform in the mitigation func-
tion remains the same (e,g, public works orepublic services or community services, etc.).
April 2015 P1-30
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Miafl*bade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy •
Part 1: The Strategy
Miami -Dade Public Works operates and maintains and operates drainage systems and
the secondary canals throughout the County, working with the SFWMD to implement
flood control operations, when required.
Police and fire rescue departments: Each of the municipalities except Miami Lakes, Pal-
metto Bay and Cutler Bay maintains its own Police Department while the cities of Coral
Gables, Hialeah, Key Biscayne, Miami and Miami Beach maintain their own fire depart-
ments, with the balance of the cities using Miami -Dade Fire Rescue for this service.
Emergency responders are essential for alert and notification, lifesaving response, pre-
vention and protection activities that all contribute to lessening the impact of disasters.
The police and fire departments also conduct educational seminars to residents to spread
awareness on emergency preparedness.
The building department (or building & zoning): The functions of this department relate
extensively to a wide range of mitigation ,projects and on -going mitigation activities. In
most of our cities, the Building Official is responsible for interpreting and enforcing all
laws, codes, ordinances, regulations and municipal policies related to the construction,
improvement, expansion, repair or rehabilitation of buildings within the city. This depart-
ment ensures that all new construction complies with the Florida Building Code which in
itself is a major contribution to hazard mitigation. The department usually is responsible
for the management of development in Special Hazard Areas; preservation of open
space; general control of land use intensities; and coordination between the capacity of
public infrastructure in relation to proposals of private development. This department also
ensures ail proposed development in the city conforms to the city's comprehensive plan
as 'it relates to urban design of public areas and .buildings, infrastructure planning and
maintenance of flood data and other statistical information.
Planning and Development Department: Often is a part of the building department and
even, at times, a part of public works. However, a number of our municipalities maintain
planning and development as a separate entity which interacts within the mitigation strat-
egy in many ways and must be part of the overall strategy especially in the area of urban
land use.
Public Works Department: In most of cur citiesthis department is responsible for con-
struction andmaintenance of roads, bridges and waterways and storm water manage-
ment Including drainage system development, inspection and maintenance, all functions.
that. relate in various ways to hazard mitigation. Public works activities are a major com-
ponent of any mitigation strategy.
Analysis of Existing Policies, Ordinances and Programs
---in-20t 4 the-LMS Coordinator performed' a review of a ru7nber of local policies and plans - — to create an integration Document (Part 4 Appendix 1-l), Additional LMSWG members
April 2015 P1-31
39 '
LIVES
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
were invited to participate and assist by reviewing the Integration Document and identify-
ing and reviewing other local policies, ordinance and programs so we may better identify
areas where we are in alignment or areas for consideration where mitigation may be bet-
ter aligned,
As can be imagined, in a county as large and diverse as Miami -Dade, there are numerous
planning agencies and documents that are developed. Each many times addresses the
needs of their focus (e.g. transportation, emergency management) and each seems to
have a different threshold for how often the plan is to be updated and the planning horizon
to which it assesses the consideration of hazards and risks.
The Integration Document included in this version should. be viewed as a starting point
for the LMSWG to discuss, review and identify areas were we as a whole community can
be more effective in our approach to mitigation and resiliency.
The Integration Document includes reviews of the following:
• Southeast Florida Regional Climate Action Plan
• Miami -Dade. Comprehensive Development Master Plan (CDMP)
• Miami -Dade Emergency Management Recovery Plan
• Miami -Dade 2035 Long Range Transportation Plan
• Florida Administrative Code 9J-2.0256
As the population grows in Miami -Dade County, hazard mitigation laws must address new
structures being built in areas susceptible to unusual occurrences either through prohibi-
tion, limitation or tougher code to reduce potential losses. For example, new building
construction in low lying flood areas must be limited or built in such a manner to minimize
impacts from flooding. Similarly, future construction sites of natural gas, electrical and
nuclear power plants must have mechanisms in place that will self -contain, or significantly
limit, effects of potential catastrophic incidents. As identified in the Integration Document
the Miami Dade CDMP plan addresses a number of planning and zoning issues and the
prevention or limitation of development in risk areas. Adaptation Action Areas are being
incorporated Into the CDMP and they should also be considered In relation to recovery
and post -disaster redevelopment.
Local government and the private sector must provide ongoing training and information
sessions for the public. Clear, unbiased knowledge is a key ingredient for safety en-
hancement for the public. Ongoing training could include public information notices and
continuous training sessions at local libraries, hospitals and schools, Part of the cost for
this training. should be borne by those private parties who ask or have businesses that
may contribute to an unusual occurrence. For example, construction of a new electrical
substation, a natural gas company building a new facility, a professlonal•dry cleaner es-
tablishment, a new gas.station, etc. would have impact fees assessed to offset_ the miti�
gation training costs -
April 2015 P1-32
40
L _"A • The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
liarui"I?atte Part 1: The Strategy
Training and equipment to prepare for and subsequently resolve hazard situations are
necessary and vital. Alternative financial resources must be assessed and located in
addition to including these costs in all respective govemmental budgets.
Periodic review and revision of the local government ordinances, policies and programs
must occur no less than once every other year.
Each municipality that has not yet done so should adopt a floodplain management ordi-
nance and participate in the community rating system program. At the present time, the
Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy will serve as a floodplaln management plan if
adopted by a municipality.
Municipal integration of Mitigation Measures
The following section identifies how the participating municipalities have incorporated mit-
igation into their planning processes, policies and/or ordinances. The municipalities con-
tinuously strive to expand and improve upon their mitigation measures as is illustrated
below and with the extensive listing of mitigation projects identified in Part 2.
Aventura
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Policy 1,9: The City of Aventura, in consultation with the Florida Department of Transportation, shall evaluate
the impacts of proposed development and redevelopment on Its transportation system, Strategic Intermodal
System facilities, and the adopted level of service standards of transportation facilities, and identify strategies to
alleviate or mitigate such impacts In coordination with the developer and other agencies as appropriate, The
City shall coordinate with FDOT, Miami- Dade County, and 28 other Jurisdictions In the county in the develop-
ment of common methodologies for measuring such impacts.
v�i y.., r�, •>�•rJ....-,,,�. er i• i T � .«..ems 7 R•n2x' �+_
`j�, �j� t i�.:; �ek. r# 3 � etc..
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:s,i��'lihfx`�•..�,�.:.?:��^u�7�i��i�.4"a-.,`;I���Y��ir�eX?�. >.i6� :. 'J`.•.' i� �" ��'^ ..c".n "'4n�yy t;„��j�µ. .xi'��:�
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Objective 4: Aventura shall protect and preserve the biological and hydrological functions of the wetlands Iden-
tified in the Land Use Element. Future impacts to the biological functions of publicly and privately owned wet -
[ands shall be mitigated. Publicly acquired wetlands shall be restored and managed for their natural resource,
habitat and hydrologic values.
1tiY•i.{ '„�i ,,y-'''' J°N. "Ae7C• -xtt^�....-.-,. 'y. 'q'.'1: ty "1��-
�~7����%ft��s?;},•9�:fi'�"8's�x��::f:!n�vs±li•}R�F�`"Y���'�"•k:eiC�'f^,��>�a��G-��1
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Objective 3: Future development will be permitted only when the adopted level of service standards for those
services listed in the CiE will be upgraded or maintained at adopted levels of service, or when demonstrated
negative Impacts on.hurrlcane evacuation clearance times will be mitigated, by -ensuring that adequate fiscal
resources are made available Including, the proportionate cost of Improvements necessitated by the develop-
mentl9J-5.016(3)(b)3]
r -w:.o� am ,`J,-- o�.ve,,, �.�',� 9�ti, '•"• � +' r hen. `+ 5 ,:�• z• •�.;,.-� x• y
Y•�:_ .;$,. _*!�FW�:1-J7 - h.,��� ��,F'i�--V�/?�.�h «�Y.'$�i-r^g.a�yi-'a'�.-: +F-,�a�F',i7.��ik�h��,e�S�hR'nr';�.{,.C+-,2i,"�.x:
Policy10.2: Structures which suffer recurring -damage to pilings; foundations or -load -bearing walls -shall be-re--
qulredtto rebuild landward of their current location to modify the structure to structurally enhance the struc-
ture, institute or mitigation measures or delete the areas most prone to damage...
April 2015
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LMS
Miami -Piste
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Policy 10.14: The City shall Implement Its.local mitigation strategy In accordance with the guidelines provided in
the Local Mitigation Strategy: A Gufdeboofc•for Florida Cities and Counties in order to fulflll,the requirements of
Rule 9J-5,012, F,A.C. relating to post -disaster planning, repair, and reconstruction.
BaI Harbour
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Objective 9J-5.006(3)(b)4: Protect natural and historical resources
Policy: Developments and construction thatadversefy.lmpact on the quality of the natural environment shall
not be allowed.
3 y,...�>t�N +ry�y�ay+L{��`' , Ly.+�" �y�. tia... �'';a'r� M -r� '.� Y�- r ��a.
3... ��'4- 14 st��q.5 =� �.,1, -y;LOL '� =sR�:usf� '' { � 'r'1o3; yN` vr.5- i�'a e.-L1rR• T j c fk
h �7.
Objective 2.2 Hazard Mitigation and Coastal Hlgh-Hazard Areas: the Village of Bal Harbour shall ensure that
building, development and redevelopment activities are carried out in a manner which minimizes the danger to
life and property from hurricanes. Development within coastal high -hazard areas shall be restricted and public
funding for facilities with coast high -hazard areas shall be curtailed.
• Policy 2.2,01: The hazard mitigation section of the Dade County Hurricane Procedure Plan shall be reviewed
and updated on a 5-year basis. In the rewrites, the. Emergency Management Director shall identify specific
actions that could be Implemented to reduce exposure to natural hazards.
• Policy 2.3.06:The Recovery Task Force shall propose comprehensive plan amendments which reflect the
recommendations in any interagency hazard mitigation reports or other reports prepared pursuant to Sec-
tion 406 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974•(PL93-288).
• Policy 2.3,07: If rebuilt, structures which suffer damage In excess of fifty (50) percent of their appraised
value shall .be rebuflt•to meet all current requirements, including those enacted since construction of the
structure,
• Policy 2.3.08: Structures which suffer recurring damage to pilings, foundations, or 'loadbearing walls shall
be required to rebuild landward of their current location, to modify the structure to structurally enhance
the structure, institute other Mitigation measures or delete the areas most to damage.
p
prone
{ c�W 107
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r
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Bay Harbor Islands
•� a. 1,: a w.*z�a;-- •'e•-:a';,,r, ��+. nree c ti t �" ' A}�
' :1 MAW A " AK fir, t► ii dta- f g } gK % ''
f� , 9! " � �' ` � zY k 3 i iZIO [.1'i �{£ e � �� duo... ski r Vj
:�... .±. V,�-.+Yi -v` LC=1!:�ai•A `vT�cZ+'l
Sec. 11-5, - Seasonal and periodic floddIng; protection of lives.
(a)The regulation of areas subject to seasonal and periodic flooding as provided In the comprehensive plan, pol-
icfes.1.1(4)(page 35), 3.2 (page 36), 5.2 (page 37), and objectives 3 (page 36) and 5 (page 37) shali be imple-
mented by the Code of Ordinances, including sections 5-17, 5-23.1(A)(3), (4) and sections 23-11(A)(5) and 23-
12(12).
(b)Whffe It is hereby declared that Dade County has retained the primary responsibility for seasonal and periodic
flooding throughout the county as provided In county, Ordinance Nos. 57-22 and 57-30, as amended, the
town's Code of Ordinances shall further. Implement the goals and objectives of the county ordinances by re-
quiring compliance with all minimum federal flood Insurance elevations for ail new construction and for which
land use densities and Intensities have been adopted In further support thereof.
(c)The protection of lives as provided In the comprehensive. plan, policy 5.2 (page 37), shall be implemented by
the Code of Ordinandes, including section 5.1, and•by virtue of the Miami -Dade County retention of primary
April 2015
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LMS
IN,Farni-Oode
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
responsibility for hurricane evacuation, including responses to lifesaving and other types of emergency evac-
uation. The town shall continue to coordinate and assist the county by providing minibus mass transportation
to designated areas, information dissemination, and such other acts as shall complement the overall mass
transit/public notice and evacuation procedures implemented by Miami -Dade County, F[orlda. While the
county has retained the right to regulate land subdividing through the subdivision regulations, nevertheless
the town shall continue to coordinate its efforts with the appropriate county agencies,
(d)The town has adopted and shall maintain in full force and effect written hurricane procedures, as amended
from time to time,
(e)Drainage facilities for flooding and a nonpoint pollution, as provided in the towns comprehensive plan, policies
14.1,1.1.2 (page 58); 1.3.1 (page 59); 2.1.1 and objective 2 (page 60); capital Improvements policies 1,2,1,3,
1.4 (page 19); and land use policy 1,3 (page 37) shall be Implemented by the Code Of Ordinances, Including
sections 5-1 and 5-17, in that the town collects and discharges stormwater runoff through inlets for the resi-
dential districts and Into two drainage wells for the commercial districts. The town shall continue to coordinate
its efforts with Dade County, particularly with referenceto protecting and preserving Biscayne Bay. The town
shall continue to review its land development regulations to ensure the standards as indicated in the town's
comprehensive plan,
(Ord. No. 488, § 5, 5-29-90; Ord. No. 733, § 4, 12-8-03)
,"" I It 1b
April 2015
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43
LW'S
. Mfami-Pade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
iffigNIMMIVNIMIMO
Sec. 7A-25, - General standards.
In all areas of special flood hazard, all development sites including new construction and substantial Improve-
ments shall be reasonably safe from flooding, and meet the following provisions:
(1) New construction and substantial improvements shall be designed or modified and adequately an-
chored to prevent flotation, collapse, and lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrody-
namic and hydrostatic loads, Including the effects of buoyancy;
(2) New construction and substantial Improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility equip-
ment resistant to flood damage;
(3) New construction and substantial Improvements shall be constructed by methods and practices that
minimize flood damage;
(4) Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, air conditioning equipment and other service facilities, includ-
ing duct work, shall be designed and/or located so as to prevent water from entering ar accumulating
within the components during conditions of flooding;
(5) New and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of
floodwaters into the systems; •
(6) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize ar eliminate infiltration
of floodwaters Into the systems and discharges from the systems into floodwaters; •
(7) On -site wasta disposal systems shall be located and constructed to avoid Impairment to them or con-
tamination from them during flooding;
(8) Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a building that Is in compliance with the pro-
visions of this chapter shall meet the requirements of "new construction" as contained in this chapter;
(9) Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a building that Is not in compliance with the
provisions of this chapter, shall be undertaken only if said nonconformity is not furthered, extended, or
replaced;
(10) AIi applicable additional federal, state, and focal permits shall be.obtained and submitted to the flood -
plain administrator along with the application for development permit, Copies of such permits shall be
maintained on file with the development permit. State permits may include, but not be limited to, the
following:
{a) South Florida Water Management District: In accordance with F.S. § 373,036(2)(a)--Flood protec-
tion and floodplatn management;
(b) Deportment of Community Affairs: in accordance with F.S. § 380,05— Areas of critical state con-
cern, and F.S. ch. S53, part IV —Florida Building Code;
(c) Deportment of Health: In accordance with F.S. § 381.0065.0n-Site Sewage Treatment and Dis-
pasal Systems; and
(d) Department of Environmental Protection, Coastal Construction Control Line: in accordance with
F.S. §.161,053—Coastal Construction and Excavation.
(11) Standards for subdivision proposals'and other new proposed development (including manufactured
homes):
(a) Such proposals shall be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
(b) Such shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems lo-
cated and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage; and
(c) Such proposals shall have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards,
(12) When proposed new construction and substantial improvements are partially located in an area of
special flood hazard, the entire structure shall meet the standards for new construction.
(13) When proposed new construction and substantial Improvements are located In multiple flood hazard
risk zones or in a flood hazard risk zone with multiple base flood elevations, the entire structure shall
meet the standards for the most hazardous flood hazard risk zone and the highest base flood elevation,
April 2015
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.Miami -Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Biscayne Park
yy�.+��j�1rydyY�aa- r�av �f•
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Policy 4.2 The •Village shall encourage the Implementation of low Impact development techniques and green
building standards that reduce the negative environmental impacts of development and redevelopment by: re-
ducing building footprints to the maximum extent feasible, and locating building sites away, from environmentally
sensitive areas; promoting the preservation of natural resources; providing for on -site mitigation of impacts (Le.
retention and treatment ofstormwater runoff, water reuse, Master Stormwater Management Systems); promot-
ing energy conservation through design, landscaping and building techniques (I.e. solar power, increased tree
canopies); promoting water conservation through landscaping and building design; ensuring environmentally
friendly building practices (i.e. use of environmentally friendly building materials, recycled materials), and; con-
sidering the development of a and implementation of a green building certification program, with associated
regulations, Incentives and standards.
GOAL- DRAINAGE: •
THE GOAL FOR DRAINAGE IS FOR THE VILLAGE OF BISCAYNE PARK TO CONTINUE MAINTENANCE OF THE LOCAL
DRAINAGE SYSTEM TO AFFORD RI;ASONABLE'PROTECT1ON FROM PREDICTABLE FLOODING.
The drainage objectives to achieve the.goals and which address the requirements of paragraphs 163,3177 (6) (c),
F,S., and 9J-5.011(2) F.R.C. ere as follows:
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Objective 1 To review on an. annual. basis information on the performance of stormwater drainage facilities,
Policy 1.1 The Village will continue to comply with the 10 year -design storm level of 10 year design storm level
of service standard for stormwater drainage.
Policy 1.2 The Village will continue to maintain and monitor local drainage,
Coral Gables
The City Manager is the Director of Emergency Management for the City. The City Man-
ager has designated an Emergency Management Coordinator to head the Emergency
Management Division. Emergency management functions are also part of the day-to-day
functions of certain departments, such as the Police and Fire Departments, While the
routine functions of most city departments are not of an emergency nature, the city may
utilize all of its officers and employees in the city's efforts to respond and recover from
emergencies. This responsibility entails a day-to-day obligation to assess and report the
impact of an emergency event. It requires monitoring conditions and analyzing infor-
mation that could signal the onset of an emergency event,
The current overall city plan is documented in a Comprehensive Emergency Management
Plan (CEMP). This CEMP describes the basic strategies, assumptions and mechanisms
through which Coral Gables will mobilize resources and conduct -activities to guide and
support local emergency management efforts. The. CEMP also includes an annex dedi-
cated specifically to mitigation, City of Coral Gables CEMP Annex 1, Mitigation.
April2015 P1-37
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LMS
MiaMktide
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Ei. iie g ' SI t.'xn}
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prtS :.yhC =
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Section B: Coral Gables Mitigation Programs and Department Responsibilities
Note: Details and -further Information is contalned.in the Miarni-Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy. (Page 3,)
Section. B: Coral Gables Mitigation Programs and Department Responsibilities
7, Mitigation Projects Completed.
a The Clty's Local Mitigation Strategy Identifies mitigation projects that have been completed and pro-
vides list of future projects to be implemented as funding becomes available, (Page 6.)
~` '.r----
Rtr• ,ce{r r y41i a _: g 1.
I;_' r .z�=u r+ r?... l,a ��; `'�-.- .�^=�:�.qst? t�.�. � r"tt-ti`x, �fi�i,�J,+~��l.---,F•..,,n,
Objective SAF-2.2: '
Assure that future development or redevelopment maintains or reduces hurricane evacuation times. The City
establishes an out -of -county hurricane evacuation time fora category 5 hurricane of 16 hours. Mitigation is per-
mitted to achieve and maintain these standards,
Policy SAF-2.3.2: Annually incorporate recommendations of interagency hazard mitigation Into the Comprehen-
sive Plan and Post -Disaster Redevelopment Plan. The redevelopment plan .shall identify areas which may war-
rant post -disaster redevelopment, Including elimination of unsafe conditions and Inappropriate land uses, and
limitation of redevelopment in areas of likely repeated damage. .
Cutler Bay
The Town of Cutler Bay passed Resolution No. 14-55 for adoption of the 2010 Miami -
Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy; authorizing the Town Manager to identify and
prioritize hazard mitigation grant program projects to become a part of the Ldcal and
Statewide hazard mitigation strategy.
In addition the Town of Cutler Bay has integrated mitigation locally through the following
plans:
"SYYN7' 6 l+u-yT3).y� � . lr. -'Y•-'sP.;
i•�
6 rfam..•_..
DISSN- 4) I•,a3����G`dvIMAIl: .h��i�'i'•�-.rvai CmT,'d....i :.. NI�',^��:T1>yMsS-JwAmnFJ?`.�n•`
Policy FLU-8C: Policy FLU-8C: New schools will Policy FLU -SC: minimize negative Impacts on surrounding areas
through site location, configuration, access and development. Conversely, new development and redevelopment
shall minimize and/or mitigate negative Impacts'on existing school facilities.
Policy FLU-9M: Policy FLU-9M: The Town shall Policy FLU-9M: require developers to identify and mitigate con-
straints based on soils, topography, and floodplains.
Policy FLU-11E: as appropriate and feasible, shall encourage the elimination
or reduction of uses that are Incompatible with hazard mitigation goals and interagency hazard mitigation report
-, recommendations.
.,,_(,�q� -- ��:aa. .�. ..:1=—:
�� i _, . , a�; ,�y� f� µ�, 3� �. C..�{�},�..- %t�'��Sf�(i!�•�_�j'•^�', � {='' � kf"-' � 475.E j{ ar• vsw:`�,��{
j1j'� {p., (^5� ••..'vfopp � y �}. .y y�— p .�(
� ..� 20° � " ��� � 'r''i1, Y � � �{' "t..'�9'� � ta. � '•�' - � � G' �'��i'Jlll• Naf:,i}:N
J � ttx$..., - �R..it e+ ..91 `�+, tt_sl' �jY.?•7- -e'��S.r.7 .'I.i,T-' '•* '''qy z. yj yi'•i[{ �(.� 3+ T'�i•_j4i" - :sC`
Monitoring.Nleasures H2-1:
1, Land Development Regulations that mitigate regulatory barriers or provide incentives for the provision of a
variety of housing types.
2. Number of cost burdened households by Income, age, and special needs group and tenure
3. Housing costs
K. k 9,_ 1 f +-s:.-�: C HT/HA?4 �C ''!Y'" ..Y- I A,1+"�'• ku'..
. _C "I ...A! .._ �..r _..._. �ux�:r'x{Til.-s4 ..,`��,x'4v.2ifi�.`I. �'�+1�'�i�.�n3e��=r,�✓s�L t+if�R�n d'7���!�.�:R�MLri�;T/=.
�'�
Policy CM-3C: Town will establish development standards In the Land .Development Regulations for siting future
water -related uses that address land use compatibility,, availability of upland support services, existing protective
status of ownership, hurricane contingency planning, protection of water quality, water depth, environmental
disruptions, mitigation actions, availability for public use, economic need, and feasibility
April 2015
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S
Mia<nri-Fade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Objective CM-4: Through compliance with Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) regulations and by
targeting repetitive flood loss and vulnerable properties for mitigation, the Town will reduce natural hazard :im-
pacts.
Objective CM-7: The Town will coordinate with the Miami -Dade County Office of Emergency Management (OEM)
to develop and Implement post -disaster redevelopment and hazard mitigation plans that reduce or eliminate
exposure of life and property to. natural hazards towards the protection of health, safety, and welfare.
Policy CM-7A: inconsistencies are found with the policies under thls objective and the post disaster redevelop-
ment and hazard mitigation plans of the Miami -Dade County Office of Emergency Management (OEM); the Town
will notify and coordinate with OEM.
Policy CM-7D: Recovery Task Force shall review and decide upon emergency building permits; coordinate with
Miami -Dade County, state and federal officials to prepare disaster assistance applications; analyze and recom-
mend to the Town Council hazard mitigation options including reconstruction or relocation of damaged public
facilities; develop a redevelopment plan; and recommend amendments to the Growth Management Plan and
other appropriate policies and procedures.
Objective CM-8: The Town will reduce the exposure of life and property to hurricanes through the planning and
Implementation of pre -disaster hazard mitigation measures. Pre -disaster plann ing for post -disaster redevelop-
ment shall direct population concentrations away fromthe undeveloped Identified high -risk areas during post -
disaster redevelopment,
Policy CM-8C: During pre -disaster planning, hazard mitigation proposals shall be developed by the Town in con-
Junctionwith other agencies and, where appropriate, included in the Town's Emergency Response Plan or the
Growth Management Plan.
Policy CM -SD: Town locates facilities, the Town shall determine the feasibility and necessity of relocating public
buildings away from high -risk areas. The Town shall develop a format process and guidelines for evaluation alter-
native to the replacement or repair of public facilities damaged by hurricanes such as abandonment, relocation,
or repair and reconstruction with structural modifications. The costs; environmental impacts; mitigative effects;
community impacts; economic development issues; employment effects; legal issues; consistency with local, re-
gional and state pions; time period for implementation; and availability of funds should be evaluated for each
alternative.
Objective CM-9: During post -disaster recovery and redevelopment, the Town shall Implement its Emergency
Response Plan (ERP) and applicable Growth Management Plan policies and assist hurricane damaged areas with
recovery and hazard mitigation measures that reduce the potential for future lass of life and property.
Policy CM-9D: The Town will Policy CM-9D: enforce applicable recommendations of post -disaster hazard mitiga-
tion plans required under Section 406 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974,
it '"•�° c:. N ' r� -ij wx:;r,�� -Eey ,' f xr 5.
ra ,�.a : 'y My i 5`3.':-:4 3. 1�i•oSas a: '�l. ' -' �`' t'..� r-}`:': %4' :T.: 5_i'- . 7i,:,�.xc aax.
K; E �.f.�..,�1!�..E..r-�_ m.� �+���5'�9?-'��-a?C�'��a!�'�5�$�i.''S"n'tl "_..�� F�i�_"?, t.:`. "'�
Policy C-6A: Wetlands that are to be Policy C-6A: protected will be Identified based on the type of wetland, func-
tion, size, conditions, location, and overall resource value. The wetlands shall be used for purpose that are com-
patible with their natural values and functions, and Land Development Regulations shall be adopted to provide
these areas with the maximum feasible protection, by using such tools as compensatory wetland mitigation and
dedication of conservation easements for preserving open space. All development with the potential to impact
wetland areas she be consistent with South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) regulations. Activities
in wetland areas may be permitted provided all applicable local, regional, state•and federal external environmen-
tal agency permits have been obtained and one of the following standards is satisfied:
1. Such an activity Is necessary to prevent or eliminate a public hazard;
2. Such an activity would provide direct public benefit, which would exceed those lost as a result of the modifi-
cation;
3. Such an activity Is proposed for habitats in which the functions and values currently provided are significantly
less than those typically associated with such habitats and cannot be reasonably restored;
4. Because of the unique geometry of the site, it Is the unavoidable consequence of development for uses that
are appropriate given site characteristics
April 2015
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47
�.t The Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
wan ode Part 1: The Strategy
Doral
On January 13, 2015, the City of Doral adopted Resolution 15-06 which adopts the cur-
rent Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy in accordance with the National Flood
Insurance Program Community Rating System Requirements as the city's Floodplain
Management Plan.
'tir t e SW t�L g r• .e , r�*'J r .M.`s�&y -.. r ry `T =: n •�^.... .,%�'
'�� ��b f .�.' .�i ', �' a_. p i. ��,IE?����`�';�, '`'�s St�+4"3'�llr��4'•:" �
W�7!7i�,,,. .. CII.MG. S'„ 4 M;✓ .: ? Or'•O7i7:{dµftl s k$ §1'nrc'.i+�' PMF..0 .,5 !Qi nrMOMF
Policy 2,6,1: Coordinate with Mlamf-Dade County In implementing the approved Local Mitigation Strategy, by
assessingthe vulnerability of governmental, medical and public safety sites and structures !tithe City to storm
damage, and in developing an action plan, if necessary, to address wind stability and flood protection for key
buildings.
Policy 2.6.4: All proposed large-scale amendments to this Comprehensive Plan and/or zoning applications shall
be evaluated for their impact on hurricane evacuation routes and times, and effect on currently available off -
site shelter capacities. Roadway improvements and shelter Improvements shalt be required, If deemed neces-
sary, to mitigate negative Impacts and phased with new residential development.
Policy 5E.2.5: Appropriate local planning, development design standards, and special construction practices
shall be required to ensure both short and long-term mitigation of Impacts on groundwater created by activi-
ties occurring In stream -to -sink basins and In areas where the Floridan Aquifer is unconfined or semi confined.
The followfng-irovisions shall apply:
&,$�'1+J.��}�GP'�.ja y7�j y-yi'���Y.-? `:� �'--'i`C'��'X� �31� r'�y.','�_'.n>U•,r,• ,.„�--� I'��t,�Ly,Kxu�....;�,;,Ztr��:r- ��F�� r� i..
H empty TS,'rg1OMOV.I:t•1�e'.'� •�34{ �.ef'O:'F q 4.rt�V�i1��SM1. N T•�1W66, - �3-`�j�`�Y�.�� R^ ii, ;,j{y� i S
'er ��-"�+ic���r�..�,i+1` K� HYH, �111!�iP�'KS��ii'
Policy 6.4.13: Consider preparing a stormwater master plan for the City to Identify local priority stormwater
problems areas and adopt mitigation methods to correct observed deficiencies:
Policy 6,5.2: identify future.wetlands to be protected based on the type of wetland, function, size, condl-
tlons/location, and overall resource vafue. These wetlands shall be used for purposes that are compatible
with their natural values and functions, and land development regulations shall be adopted to provide these
areas with the maximum feasible protection, by using such tools as upland buffers, exotic vegetation removal,
hydro period restoration, compensatory wetland mitigation and dedication of conservation easements, Activ-
ities in wetland areas maybe permitted provided all applicable federal, state, regional and local. external envi-
ronmental agency permits have been obtained, •
Policy 9.1.19: Coordinate all disaster preparedness programs with the Miami -Dade County OEM to ensure
consistency with the County's Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan and the.Mlami-Dade Local Miti-
gation Strategy (LMS) and In updating hurricane evacuation shelter assignments.
El Portal
ti Wit' ` r g 4r`x x'{ �� �, 5 tat + �£s IS
�L� S ri4 <-�—y �;: i�� �
Policy 1.1.1. In conjunction with any redevelopment of the.moblle home park Little Farm Tralter Park site, pre-
serve (and mitigate where possible) the natural canal banks to further marine and wildlife habitat. •
Policy 9.1..20 Work with Miami -Dade County in implementing the approved Local Mitigation Strategy for hazard
. mltigationL and byJanuary 2o07Lthe City_shall develop a.City Emergency_Plan to Increase_publlc safety and re-__
duce damages and public expenditures.
towedateleatromagrzert
April 2015
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48
L;J.V', S+
Mi ami-.Ostia
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Florida City
t term pR, a,.y,iN a
>erra
Policy 1.1; Acquire and demolish dilapidated and unsafe structures while providing relocation programs for dis-
placed families if necessary.
Polley 7.1: Work with appropriate government agencies and utility companies to ensure provision of adequate
services including potable water, stormwater, sewer, gas, solid waste, television, and electricity.
Golden Beach
Polley: The Town will have an organized response to hurricanes and other severe weather related emergencies
in order to mitigate the effects of severe weather and to return Town services and normal living conditions as
soon as possible. Wherever practical; the Town's plan will use the same terminology and references as Miami -
Dade County's (M-DC) plan. The Town Mayor and Manager or their designees are responsible for determining
when this plan will be implemented. The determination to mobilize will be based upon Information provided by
the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and the Miaml-Dade Emergency Operations Center (M-DEOC), Additionally,
It is the policy of the Town of Golden Beach Police Department is. to protect ilfe, property, and maintain order
within the community during a weather related emergency. Appropriate levels of police services will be main-
tained before, during and after a hurricane or severeweather incident.
Hialeah
WANy. - '•" iir,�` i( r'NO- iv: f.. t -'S,'.s• SR" ?V" r it
G f�nyl ar(�+1 �{i . �I.e� I —e�yi• i=:F;-Mea wl_. c,- t''''-'14"i� y
�Ib3 3�.L'�i� � 'fat'
�K' � ��'T-{ � �.l IT��I'T.���.i '�i ," '�. SVnCt`�.•iiv: S!�S'i�:.'0, N��_N�M��,:23�� �
tl � 7 �
±
u � br'i.�-�
Ili ..r.:�=htr.-± sl J:[• =�f= �:. tlE(,'. '
�.-1-,-, r s � �.' I'.+� s`.TK."' J4,i!LS-u."ic�?A. _ _ ^• •+"`^!FSnf��. ;..,
r" i••��; F4[ 4Y�• .+F 0.t, '' it ' ? f Yf.�r,}+' ' ° At, rS =-• . Wi> i - � f r 5':' Neal 7.t;* A. .� `, •+s' 'S� tid
Policy 1.2;14; Wetland Impacts on the Annexation area: The city will develop a wetland mitigation projection
based on the on -site wetlands analysis and consistent with environmental requirements and development pro-
jectionS
ip
l� �23`r••- a.�i t' k .„�..• 1 z SsW � __ 1� ���Y,I�^-.4.r'�'e 'jjti;L�','1s^ x•o k "'v'S1!
7 Arti f;�..„Maw„4'� � '4�nM+MM'�t"m�'ik� � i& � yam',-, IORIN^:iiL r +'� y illi+i r ;? 94- �3' sa..s_!
The 100-year floodplaln needs to be protected to help mitigate the damaging effects •of flooding. Protection of
The
these areas is assisted through the National Flood Insurance Program and local Code of Ordinances. Flood criteria
must be met before the Citywlii issue any building permits,
u7ti[lfiidat tw t `IM '1 Ita M Y-y'-r' :7'
Policy 1.4.2: The City.shall continue to maintain an inventory of any existing hazards within the City by using the
hazards analysis and hazards mitigation criteria established within the Miami -Dade County Comprehensive Emer-
gency Management Plan and shall also identify any grant sources available to mitigate the hazards listed on the
hazard Inventory.
Hialeah Gardens
The City of Hialeah Gardens incorporates mitigation into its planning process as follows:
Uf3"s C+ ;��1�.t i p;l:..v,isu� 4MM,M'+M"�y'•,e�" �v ?'�i?{°�l �ix'`,}--�i�"� �,���y yJ ,
.....C4..�S:Whf.N_. „_��_r,Sr!.k. w.�+,t.u.+'�.,.-k,6v.iP,. .,,+.�h
+C1 N_1•i,Gri(er s )} s1,Omit}i';eleiksl-'1`>:'pf.h
•••nr2 "n'1:. >�:4AP.Y'yi� I v t t i t 1�1i'�. 9' Ity; w'Al1' i" ti >"v :i\:'.'• `+
,.1. e . g. ; ' .. .. a004 1 IN e`l�e i �' OeK'1 �ritr,'I .?'.5�'�i5',`�=ti€�.;£ ;i �u •cL_ 4`
..,..1' o ernrti,. }� .... ...._:a. -. ��.�' _ t� 'ry-�i��"� �'�� �:.�rt;'�i,•. '�'<����yli ;MA
--+ --Policy-1.1,10—The City shall -Implement -the provisions-of-the-Local•Mltigatlon Strategy (LMS)-Guidelines In-•
accordance with the Interlocal Agreement with Miami -Dade County.
April 2015
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Miiamt-i ade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
• Objective 1.3 Coordinate the impact of development with other jurisdictions to define and Implement mu-
tually beneficial goals, ensure consistency among adjacent land uses, and mitigate negative development
impacts. Thls objective shall be made measurable by Implementation of its policies.
The City of Hialeah Gardens.has a Division of Emergency Management that is managed
by Manuel Carrera. Mr. Carrera isresponsible for coordinating disaster preparedness,
response, recovery, and mitigation concerns for all City departments.
H ornestead
kr4 't+v"t.'1'. 4qt�+' & l� `'r y't. ..u'`t�e[i ,� �ys'N�,{� W^7i—•�,4N2-h-•^.-^.Y�.'- _33 �'�u:-rE
L i s-:�+��Wr�=.._'�. �,.- ` 5 '�S�B;,.�'s�ir ..� �'c�F
.+�k
Z � 1�>�t�
a ,.+-�,��
Y _[C�t JL45 j -
11�0. � J t i .,ya gg�i� 'Fi f% !,
�,-
Q � �i r�4���`.�����8�'-lV-_.�'...-i �kj,
g f ( N 5..n,` s , ,. {;''c+'���''9t�- "•�`•f�: r 3�=� , d!;q
p'F" il J_�5,
y
," .'L_N-#+� .1.n..:{1�'.f.'.�hT�""�:F
Objective 10: Hurricane Evacuation and Mitigation
Ensure that development and redevelopment are consistent with hurricane evacuation plans.
Measure 2:'Maintain hurricane mitigation measures that are consistent with the Mlamf-Dade County Local Miti-
gation Strategy(LMS) and facilitate the approved evacuation plans. •
Policy 10.1: Development orders for new development and redevelopment shall be consistent with local and
regional hurricane evacuation plans where applicable.
Policy 10.2: Mitigate any identified deficiencies in storm damage. resistance of critical public facilities and con-
struct new facilities, If needed, to assist In the City's evacuation plans.
Objective 11: Hazard Mitigation and Post -Disaster Redevelopment .
To the extent financially feasible, Incorporate all prudent hazard mitigation needs and post -disaster redevelop-
ment procedures into the City's capital Improvement planning and Land Development Code.
Measure: Number of capital Improvement projects and/or amendments to the land development code success-
fully Implemented to address hazardous mitigation needs and post disaster redevelopment procedures.
1C411�ih^' .74..i : Fv
tetirdetrintaffikeMIKKOMBISTOM Y771C411441.
Policy4.3: Participate in the preparation/modification ofthe409 Hazard Mitigation Plan,
Objective 6: implementation of the Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
The City continues to work with the Miami-Dade"EOC and other government agencies to Implement the policies,
ordinances and programs outlined in the LMS.
Measure: Coordinate. efforts with state and county agencies to bring the community together as a single mitt- ,
gating entity.
Policy 6.1: Participate in the improvements In the City's standing and classification in the Community Rating Sys-
tem (CRS), with the related consequences of making flood Insurance under the National Flood Insurance Pro-
gram (NFIP) more affordable and reachable, whl[e improving the effectiveness in coping with flood hazards,
problems and emergencies.
Policy 6.2: Disseminate Information on a repetitive basis with respect to the existence of flood hazards and the
availability of measures to mitigate the problems presented bysuch hazards.
Pollcy 6.S: Increase the level of coordination of mitigation management concerns, plans and activities stall lev-
els of government.
Policy 6.4: Improve and maintain cutting edge, state-of-the-art, and effectiveness of the City's emergency pre-
paredness and disaster response capacity, Policy 6.5:. Continue our commitment to the review, update and Im-
plementation of the local hazard mitigation strategy.
Key.Biscayne
The Village of Key Biscayne Office of Emergency Management (OEM) Is responsible for
coordinating disastef preparedness; response, —recovery, and mitigation oorlcerris-for all -----
Village departments. This section creates, updates, and administers the Village's Com-
prehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), which provides the procedures for
April 2015
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50
L S The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Mtar�ri`{ra#e Part 1: The Strategy
the Village's response to ail known hazards. The Village adopted the Miami -Dade County
CEMP and developed their own municipal CEMP in 2ooe. This document is currently
being updated, The OEM is headed by the Village Fire Rescue Department and collab-
orates with the members of the Village Administration, and all other Village Departments,
and other members of the community. Activities include planning for a wide range of dis-
asters, identifying projects that will mitigate the effects of disasters, and working towards
recovery post -disaster.
The Village has a full time Certified Flood Plain•Manager who is responsible for the im-
plementation of the Community Rating System (CRS) and NFIP compliance with assis-
tance from a CRS Coordinator and a Consultant. The Village of Key Biscayne_ has incor-
porated mitigation into their planning processes to include the following plans:
•th �^Hi+i Y" A s�4� �.s,}# :1 ,:,s�,�b I .F t�1•� 1 Y
i (yi, t ii 3 4! P if r . 71 ..4 , i I "_'*t"'+Ity 1!C,a ,• wL�, `l'b1 - t-•. ,W itRISMOVE
Resolution No.2010-53:
Resolution of the Village Council Adopting the_ Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation- Strategy
y}}y } /�7}���'(j�p�//� �fy'�>,��,/ �fj�'Q�]Y���,��'y���,,C�`y-' fj���j�fJi '1-.tom-�J..:..9�yppj ;r")•`:rir�(�j� 4g�� �iYi``4 t+- .Cr{2.r�-, .• -t aa+� �� a
i ' Yel�Vk�fli"'TJ' U'tifi�.J:firi,Lie l4'1�--'Y'Yt Sii4 K'_1:vi•fCM V "s..Z.�.t ,�%�`t .. f rl.�rvn� 3'[�j'(Y 0
Section 30-73-Site Plan Review Procedures (tern (f)(6)g:
Description of methods to be implemented during construction to mitigate adverse quantity or quality impacts
off -site.
:�,P. � .�.. • -
a. ,
II*
rig
�u is 4,
�4r 4 tip ..'" , . -
w:�-�Fs' ':,h-•u.�'�u��.�?ST
Sys �-y, ^ , -, ,1 is Es c .. - '._
Sigc't�;S�a-..!a ��ib�.niE ��-6s!"�.nc�:�^r�W.... '�.rgel ��i�5e���'
LL' '�;Ms:Ci Jlk 7 •• f az .�_ .yni,.. �C. n, vni ,
�. o ±: 1,W4r g i,a:igrd . gg: A t.: - `f. Sys • • aat
The Village of Key Biscayne has adopted the Miami -Dade CountyComp:'ehenslve Emergency Management Plan
by reference.
•�iroB' �_�1K-.�iii_�i,t.g�MP ,�Q,
ti-_.,.e, �•r•:,, .�, ,.�- :. �Q
, 'tC�d xiA�:ti7i�
- a^M=-
r0
_.: ...,-.,.:
Iilw5C-�kti�ii,z�.tiS„ccI
Progress on FMP Implementation, as required In Section X of the FMP, fails within the context of CRS compli-
ance Action Plans followed by the Village, The Action Plan Items are included and tracked through the Miami -
Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS)
p .e ge.. zotiteafiSMINA1 , .. 1 1 a •: a N _iE tiLlir,�, -- : a u•;ft ,xr kh tip =
.�`�.� s �� _ram;: •�k;l�:w�',�z
2.3.3: Repetitive Loss Properties
One of the activities Involved with the Annual NFIP CRS Re -Certification process is the analysis of -Repetitive Lass
Areas (RLAs), The purpose of the analysis is to determine possible mitigation solutions to minimize the flood
claims.
`PtiY
- ti• 7. �2 =Y• i•_3 f J �`5 rt��T -`f � .t�1.+i:-$_ %ii4!S�•r� z�v K ! �' LL`�S�i-L�.l'i
��LW g �f �� �S?ts.r-
1 . _ ,.9, iVI - - 2 a ,. i�_ L 'a(` U, Q _ . .fir ._ Y `� -' ,,.A_
� �, 1� d -� a ��✓�A +'�.''"'
t.. V•3y3�i�ti�'+Hi
,r �S t
L2:. J 4� � �F Frp'sl��i�' .;}}'t�'yP't��y:� �. 1'�-LtE...�^ ��.�-r�tE r' �^ �uf'.}c
i���tlti�fiL•ii GiL[J i si -�i`'i_,_1 vl; •YN: N .,+,1 5. �� 'K"' t. t .'s4. 5' 4r` Y P I S:5F
Objective 2.4 Hurricane Evacuation 9J-5.006 (3) (b) 5
Eliminate or reduce land uses which are Inconsistent with applicable
ommendations and enhance the efforts of the Metro -Dade Office
with all relevant information.
Policy 2.4,1: The Village shall regulate all future development
ture Land Use Map which Is consistent with the Interagency Hazard
August 1992. The Village shall periodically review and revise the
agency hazard mitigation reports in order to reduce or elirninate
YS•:'-S qi kV' _ 1�pi•=.-sz- � Y ..S e1>.In�;}�` f+� i' r•11-4s1:rti 4-4�5i:.'.fv-
interagency hazard mitigation report rec-
of Emergency Management by providing it
within its jurisdiction in accordance with the Fu-
Mitigation Team Report, FEMA 955-DR-FL,
Future Land Use Map in light of future Inter-
uses which are Inconsistent therewith,
l.• (' t=�' lases' � tY Y:=>''� } I.t.
_°,ti ast T - 4' M£. '= K EO, ! ;:'b M -r
}S ' •NMO �._O• +.sOfirt i!S y 4i ice.'-�.it
-Policy 1.1.2.9i 5.011.(2).(c)•1:-Duringthe-first-phase of -drainage master -plan -Implementation -(to -be initiatedin
the Village shall begin to mitigate to the extent technically and economically feasible dlrect.stormwater
outfalls into the canals and Biscayne Bay. Anticipated improvements Include a series of catch basins, manholes
and pipesfor the collection of the stormwater and routing to pollution control structures and drainage wells .
April 2015
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LMS
�iorni�etie
The Miand-Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
leAga g ` N AM *r'C" i r fn RD Y r 4 V zF -��", ,
with emergency overflows. The pollution control devises (grease and oil separator) are to be provided before
each drainage well to prevent contamination from entering. Emergency overflow. structures are to be con-
structed at the existing outfalls and would discharge only when the storm events generates more than one Inch
of runoff. These improvements shall be designed to fully meet the specific standards set forth in Objective 1.1
above.
. _. •�-> n Mir• 4,.,
Policy 1.3.1; 8y the date required by state statute or sootier, the Village shall enact and enforce estuarine wa-
terfront protection provisions In the land development code. The provisions will be drafted to assure that all
applicable development permit applications are reviewed In the context of the mangrove protection policies of
the State DEP and the waterfront policies of DERM. In particular, DERM Class 1 Permits pursuant to Section 24-
58 of the Dade County Code shall be required for all construction seaward of the mean high water line, Such
construction shall be designed to minimize environmental Impacts and mitigate unavoidable impacts. This provi-
sion shall be interpreted to protect sensitive lands from sea wall and other related construction, but it shall not
be interpreted as permitting construction seaward of the State Coastal Construction Control Line in violation of
other policies of this Comprehensive Plan.
Policy 1.7.14: The Village hereby designates DERM mangrove Jurisdictional areas In the Village as environmen-
tally sensitive lands which shall be protected from development unless. their ecological value is replaced via miti-
gation. These DERM areas are mapped in Figure V-1 of the Data and Analysis of this Plan,
Policy 3.3.3: During post -disaster recovery periods, after damaged areas and Infrastructure requiring rehablflta-
tion or redevelopment have been identified, appropriate Village departments shall use the post -disaster rede-
velopment plan to reduce or eliminate the future exposure of life and•property to hurricanes; Incorporate rec-
ommendations of Interagency hazard mitigation reports; analyze and recommended to the Village Council haz-
ard mitigation options for damaged public facilities; and recommend amendments, If required, to the Village
Master Plan.
Medley
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irelkAriener
Sec. 30-71. - General standards,
in all areas of special flood hazard, all development sites including new construction and substantial Improve-
ments shall.be reasonably safe from flooding, and meet the following provisions:
(1)New construction and substantial improvements shall be designed or modified and adequately anchored to
prevent flotation, collapse, and lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydro-
static lands, including the effects of buoyancy;
(2)Manufactured homes shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse, and lateral movement. Methods of
anchoring may Include, but are not limited to, use of over -the -top or frame ties to ground anchors..This
standard shall be in addition to and consistent with applicable State of Florida requirements for resisting
wind forces;
(3)New construction and substantial Improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility equipment
resistant to flood damage;
(4)New construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed by methods and practices that mini-
mize flood damage;
-(5)Electrtcal, heating,-ventilation,-plu nbingairc-ondittaningg ulpinent-and other service facilities, Including-- --
duct work, shall be designed and/or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the
components duringconditions of flooding;
April 2015
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Miami.;Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
(6)New and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood
waters Into the systems;
(7)New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood ,
waters Ihto the systems and discharges from the systems Into flood waters;
(8)O.n-site waste disposal systems shall be located and constructed to avoid impairment to them or contamina-
tion from them during flooding;
(9)Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvements to a building that Is•ln compliance with the provisions
of thls chapter shall meet the requirements of "new construction" as contained In this chapter;
(10)Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or Improvements to a building that is not to compliance with the pro-
visions of this chapter, shall be undertaken only ifsafd non -conformity Is not furthered, extended, or re- .
placed;
(11)All applicable additional federal, State of Florida, and local permits shall be obtained and submitted to the
Floodplaln Administrator along with the application for development permit Copies of such permits shall be
maintained on the with the development permit, State of Florida permits may include, but not he IlmIted to,
the following;
a.South Florida Water Management District, in accordance with Chapter 373.036 Florida Statutes, Section
(2)(a)--Flood Protection and Floodplaln Management;
b,Department of Community Affairs: in accordance with Chapter 380.05 F.S. Areas of Critical State Concern, and
Chapter 553, Part IV F.S., Fiorlda Building Code;
c. Department of Health; in accordance with Chapter 381.0065 F.S. Onsite Sewage Treatment and Disposal Sys-
tems; and
(12)Standards.for subdivision proposals and other new proposed development (including manufactured
homes):
a. Such proposals shall be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
b. Such shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems located and con-
structed to minimize or eliminate flood damage; and
c. Such proposals shall have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards,
(13)When proposed new construction and substantial improvements are partially located In an area of special
flood hazard, the entire structure shall meet the standardsfor new construction.
(14)When proposed new -construction and substantlal'Improvements are located in multiple flood hazard risk
zones or in a flood hazard risk zone with multiple base flood elevations, the entire structure shall meet the
standards for the most hazardous flood hazard risk zone and the highest base flood, elevation.
Miami
The City of Miami has a Division of Emergency Management that is responsible for coon-
-----dinatin-g-disaster.preparedness,-response;-recovery;-and-mitigation concerns -for -all City
departments. This section creates, updates, and administers the City's Comprehensive
April 2015
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LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), which provides the blueprint for the City's re-
sponse to all disasters whether natural or manmade, Every year the City exercises the
CEMP by conducting a disaster exercise, The Division is composed of four branches,
Hazard Mitigation and Disaster Recovery, FEMA Urban Search and Rescue (USAR), Ur-.
ban Areas Security Initiative (UASI) Grant Administration, and Public Education. The Haz-
ard Mitigation and Disaster Recovery branch is responsible for all -hazards preparedness,
mitigation, and recovery, Activities include planning for a wide range of disasters, identi-
fying projects that will mitigate the effects of disasters, and working towards recovery
post -disaster.
The City has a full time Flood Plain Manager who is responsible for the implementation
of the Community Rating System compliance and NFIP compliance. The City also has
an Office of Sustainable Initiatives that is responsible for environmentally -focused pro-
jects, including but not limited to the creation of the City's Climate Action Plan, energy
. efficiency partnerships, and the adoption of green building initiatives.
The City of Miami has incorporated mitigation into their planning processes to include
the following plans:
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Policy Il1,B,1: City departments will enforce ail public safety mandates of the Miami City Code to include land
use management and building codes; and recommend to the Mayor and City Commission, legislation required
to improve the "disaster resistance" of the community.
Policy III.M.2: When an emergency/disaster has occurred or is imminent, the Mayor may declare a state of
emergency, activating the emergency response, recovery, and mitigation aspects of the Miami CEMP that apply
to the affected area.
Policy III.P,2: immediately after an incident, local Jurisdictions respond using available resources and notify
State response elements. As Information emerges, they also assess the situation and the need for State assis-
tance —At this point, an initial assessment Is also conducted of losses avoided based on previous mitigation of--'
forts.
Policy IiI.P.9: As immediate response priorities are met, recovery activities begin. Federal andState agencies
assisting with recovery and mitigation activities convene to discuss State needs.
Policy 111.P.11: Throughout response and recovery, mitigation staff at the.JFO will examine ways to maximize
mitigation measures in accordance with State hazard mitigation administrative plans. .
ental ift*Mei'` t TOSTSI , ��y7' �rA ,S;:-Jai=� �, ae'� yT' t�9�}� s};�w
�� Lr^.�-L:. �l�i�����iii.tY4'ls�a ��(hi4.1..�'r�i?{'£'-__
Policy I.G.7: The responsibilities of the [Recovery Action Team
• Oversee the recovery and reconstruction process and to serve
• Identify mitigation opportunities and Identify recoveryresources.
• Ensure coordination of the recovery process,
Attachment E.G.1: Receive and review damage reports and other
to com-pare these circumstances with mitigation opportunities
'tify areas for post -disaster change and innovation, Where needed,
for achieving these changes and recommend the coordination
these ends,
Attachment E,0,3: Review damage reports and other analyses
-these clrcun•rstances-with mitigation-oppzsrtunities-arrd identify
Attachment E,1.2: Identify funding sources for mitigation and
tance programs, private-sectdr funding and public donations.
(RAT}] -are:
as an advisory body to the City Manager.
analyses of post -disaster circumstances and
identified prior to the disaster in order to lden-
the RAT may review alternative mechanisms
of internal and external resources for achieving
of post disaster circumstances and to compare
-arm -for
past dIsester-davfflopmeritchtng0---' -
recovery protects Including state and federal assis-
.
April 2015
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54 .
L 1V
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy •
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Attachment E.J.RF [Recovery Function] #19 Mitigation: To prepare a post disaster hazard mitigation plan that
will define actions during the recovery period that help prevent repeated future losses and. reduce the City's
vulnerability to natural hazards,._
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The Miami -Fort Lauderdale UASi TH1RA addresses mitigation needs through the recovery and protection core
_
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1.Purpose.Vision. Mission: Increase preparedness,. prevention, protection, mitigation, response,and recovery
capabilities within the Urban Areas and the Southeast Florida Reglbn for all hazards, Including terrorism,
1. Purpose. Effort. Based on the.capabllity assessment and strategy review, implementation steps are in-
cluded and updated under each core capability and linked to regional Initiatives and activities Intendedito en-
hance the preparedness, prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery capabilities of the South
F[orrda metropolitan areas either by: .
• Current, proposed, or future fundingto enhance or sustain a capability or capacity needed within theJuris-
dlctions or the region; or, • By reference to existing capabilities where no enhancement is required or cur-
rently planned, but access to those capabilities Is needed to fulfill the•full range of preparedness, prevention,
protection, mitigation, response and recovery actions for incidents of all types.
Goal: Protect Critical Infrastructure & Key Resources, Objective: Physical Protective Measures,Step: Establish
a joint CIP workgroup to Include the private sector to set security goals, identify assets, systems and net-
works; assess risks and threats annually; implement protective programs; and measure the effectiveness of
risk -mitigation efforts.
Goal: Protect Critical infrastructure & IKey Resources, Objective: Risk Management for Protection Programs &
Activities- State, regional, local, tribal and private sector entitles, in coordination with Federal participation,
Identify and assess risks, prioritize and select appropriate protection, prevention, and mitigation solutions
based on reduction of risk, monitorthe outcomes of allocation decisions, and undertake corrective actions,
Step: Implement and assess the risk management model within ttie region and develop a plan to Implement
appropriate risk -mitigation strategies using UASi funds.
Goal: Respond to Disasters- CBRNE, Objective: Infrastructure Systd'ms, Step: Encourage and assist jurisdictions
in developing or enhancing recovery and mitigation efforts and plans. Step: Maintain liaison with county Local.
Mitigation Strategy (LMS) coordinators. Step: Ensure that lifeline facilities are incorporated into mitigation
and recovery planning. '
Goal: Recover from Terrorism & Other Disasters, Objective: Natural and Cultural Resources- Protect natural
and cultural resources and historic properties through appropriate planning, mitigation, response, and recov-
ery actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, and restore them consistent with post -disaster community
priorities and best practices and in compliance with appropriate environmental and historical preservation
laws and executive orders.
Miami Beach
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tl¢��'.::E'. 'C51C.Y iV4. ,�--"•i�: {,+.. ""'i',t-.�d'.:�' trWOE' Vatilinallak-
Objective No. 8: Provide recommendations for seawalls to mitigate the effects of sea level increases over the
next 50 years.
As a complement to the engineering evaluation, CDM Smith utilized the FEMA's Hazards United States (HAZUS)
tool designed to estimate hazard -Induced losses for use by federal, state, regional and local governments, and
private enterprises in planning for riskmitigation, emergency preparedness, response arid recovery, By using a
standard. FEMA tool, the City will benefit In the coordination of future activities related to flood proofing, grant
assistance, and management of repetitive loss properties, The analysis, which was performed for South Beach,
incorporated existing elevations, structure and land use data along with information from the detailed flood
April 2015
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55
L•S
Mlarri•Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
tiopiga
model (SWMM). The HAZUS model generates an output that consists of a damage amount in dollars that Is based
an the percentage of total value loss a structure Incurs during a flood event, like the statistically calculated.once-
in-5-year storm (5.9 Inches of rainfall in 24 hours).
Objective Number S: Provide recommendations for seawalls to mitigate the effects of sea level increasesover
the 50 years;
SWMMP Solution: Preliminary Inspection and elevation standards for seawalls have been made with considera-
tion of SLC, based on USACE guidance documents, Arecommendatlon of a minimum seawall height of 3.2 ft NAVD
provides a means to protect against projected spring tidal conditions over the next 50 years, based on Intermedi-
ate SLC projections.
Miami Gardens
The City of Miami Gardens incorporates mitigation actively through Drainage Improve-
ment Projects. The City of Miami Gardens budgets $100,000 per year for drainage im-
provement projects. This is shown in the Comprehensive Development Master Plan. Th.e
projects funded through this appropriation are tracked continually during the year, The
City also continually seeks grant funds to assist in constructing drainage improvements,
and leverages budgeted money as matches to increase the number of projects funded.
Drainage improvement projects arealso tracked through the City's Stormwater Manage-
ment Master Plan. This plan prioritizes projects based on need in the City, and their
degree of flood protection and water quality Improvement. The City tracks the projects
by coordinating the yearly budget, the Stormwater Management Master Plan, and pro-
jects listed in, the Local Mitigation Strategy working group.
A future goal of the City is to review the Stormwater Management Master Plan to update
the priority projects, delete those projects completed, add projects as needed, and model
the City again with the completed projects to determine future flood protection and storm -
water quality needs. Another item in the City budget is drainage maintenance. This in-
cludes street sweeping, canal bank maintenance, litter control on land and in the surface
waters, and mechanical and biological controls in the canals, These activities are con-
sidered mitigation. in that they reduce potential obstructions in the event of a storm, and
ensurecapacity is present if a storm occurs.
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Objective 2,S: Land Use Compatibility
The City shall ensure that the land development regulations contain criteria to mitigate negative Impacts that
Incompatible land uses may have on the neighboring areas.
Objective 2,12: Hazard Mitigation and Disaster -Preparedness
Coordinate the City's Emergency Response Plan with Miami -Dade
mitigation and disaster -preparedness for the safety of residents.
Policy 2,12.1 _The City Public Works Department and City Manager's
County Emergency Management Operations Center for the safety
Policy 2,12.2: The Public Works Department shall prepare a City
dress emergency/hazard/disaster mitigation program for the safety
County and State of Florida to address hazard
and property In Miami Gardens,
office shall coordinate with the Miaml .Dade
of its citizens, •
Emergency Response Plan to appropriately ad-
of Miami Gardens' residents,
April 2015
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56
LMS
Merni-liade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The. Strategy
Policy 2.12.3: Coordinate with Miami -Dade County In developing and Implementing an Action Plan If necessary,
to address flood protection, storm damage precautions
Policy 2.12.4: The Clty's Emergency Response Plan shall Include but not be limited to
an incident command system structure, delegation of responsibilities for incidents, a medical procedure and ma-
terials plan, outreach to the community through Identified forums and public Information systems, and post:dis-
aster mitigation plans that Includes designated debris sites and personnel needs,
April2015 ' P1-49
57
LMS
Miernkoaie
Miami Lakes
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Pant 1: The Strategy
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Policy 1.2,4: Develop a code enforcement system In the new Cade that Is proactive in ensuring that the high
standards, which are the hallmark of Miami Lakes, are maintained; and the personnel are very responsive to
resident and business owner Inquiries. In addition, ensure that the system allows for the mitigation and/or cor-
rection of adverse nuisance impacts, such as nolse, odor and/or dust, on residential neighborhoods caused by
any existing commercial and industrial operations. •
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Objective 1.6: Hazard Mitigation and Disaster Preparedness
Coordinate with. Miami -Dade County and the State of Florida In addressing the hazard mitigation and'disaster-
preparedness needs of Miami Lakes, and encouraging the elimination and/or reduction of land uses Inconsistent
with the..recommendations of any public agencies charged with managing hazard mitigation and disaster -pre-
paredness.
Policy 1.6.1: Coordinate with Miami -Dade County in •implementing the approved Local Mitigation Strategy, in
assessing the vulnerability of governmental, medical and public safety sites and structures in the Town to storm
damage, and develop an action plan, if necessary, to address wind stability and flood protection for key build- •
ings.
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Policy 6.7.1: Wetlands.that are to be protected will be Identified based an the type of -wetland, function, size,
conditions/location, and overall resource value. These wetlands shall be used for purposes that are compatible
with their naturatvatues and functions, and land development regulations shall be adopted to provide these
areas with the maximum feasible protection, by using such tools as compensatory wetland.mitigation and dedi-
cation of conservation easements for preservIng open space, All development with the potential to impact wet-
land areas shall be consistent with South Florlda Water Management District regulations,
Miami Shores
Hazard mitigation and disaster recovery is incorporated throughout the Miami Shores
Coastal Management Element. The Miami Shores Village Hurricane Plan, 2014 outlines
in detail the city and employee activities, duties and responsibilities to be conducted prior
and after a hurricane event. The focus is on preparedness prior to a hurricane event and
detailed recovery plan post hurricane event. '
April 2015
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LMS
11/4114rni»Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
�`� �+•� r� phi ..
.':'.a•.:' • •a. � ;>,�;.,, • U:.�..-.: :' � l �+!`J �� !i5 ���t:r_T.'..�& 9'T+� k t1� r rr,:..: ci;%;:1.:: sC'�u5_wtp; i�t:nVl�
:a rstib N o s � ^ ' a g e fr l.a, .. ? E.' ;t" �•,h aC�� �,� �,.IO t`<r�2, e efa
PZ IY!..!b.Nr....�.__�tia.,�.:5%�4gS^q.�.,g...�..t1..:�,.i3!.4:!.�..¢:'�k:l�..:$'my�u,!o'�r1ti3.i4J..n. :h,',iF1:w. .. �� _ ... �!!..r,:`:�tl,ii:. 4.��:��,e �#h•. ��c55?t?tJIY�\b
Objective 4: Direct population concentrations away from the.caastai high hazard areas, hurricane vulnerability
zone and limit coastal high hazard area, hurricane vulnerability zone Infrastructure expenditures.
Direct-populationn concentrations away from the coastal high hazard areas, hurrlcanevulnerability zone and limit
the expenditure of Village funds on Infrastructure within the Coastal High Hazard Area, hurricane yulnerabillty
zone if such Infrastructure would have the effect of directly subsidizing development which is significantly more
intensive than authorized by this Plan. (9J-5.012 (3) (b). 5 and 6]
The Coastal High Hazard Area is defined as the area below the elevation of the category 1 storm surge line as
established by a Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) computerized storm surge model.
Monitoring and Evaluation :.Annual record of Village actions to direct away or reduce the population of the hurri-
cane vulnerability zone.
Policy 4.1:
The Village shall restrict development In accordance with the Future Land Use Map of the plan. it Is the legislative
judgment of the Village that the Future Land Use Map .provides the most appropriate way to limit development
In the coastal high hazard areas, hurricane vulnerability zone consistent with reasonable property rights and long-
established land use patterns. [9J-5,012 (3) (c) 9]
Policy 7,2;
The Village shall monitor the need for drainage system improvements,
Policy 7.3:
The Village shall design Infrastructure with due consideration to the potential rise in sea level.
Policy 7.4:
The Village shall deny any Future Land Use Map density increases In the hurricane vulnerability zone.
Objective 8: Hazard mitigation,
In general, the Village shall regulate development so as to minimize and mitigate hazards resulting -from hurri-
canes. in particular, the Village shall ensure that all construction and reconstruction compiles with applicable
regulations designed to minimize hurricane Impact on buildings and their occupants,
Monitoring and Evaluation, Record of participation in Miami -Dade County Emergency Preparedness meetings,
activities and programs. Annual record of development permltsissued In the hurricane vulnerability zone, demon-
stratingthe application of specific standards that result in a reduction in the exposure of human life and property
to natural. disasters
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Coa' 'a`I 1►%lanfleg'atrirletitiei%..:, : %rlfi,geli :.:a ...: C, ;.. uk:4 s :i� ti ; ;Pik; t,;s 00.0 i z043;;,s,,,, ,,,;�.!�, lell :N
Policy 11,2: '
The Land Development Code shall be amended to require Special Approval for the repair or replacement of hur-
rlcanedamaged bulldings In the FEMAVEVelocity Zone. The criteria for granting such approval shall be as follows:
1) repair or replacement shall be authorized for principal buildings and their associated accessory buildings and
structures when the principal building suffers minor or.major damage; and 2) repair or replacement shall be
authorized for principal buildings and their associated accessory buildings and structures when the principal build-
ing Is destroyed provided that the setback from the FEMA VE Zone Is the maximum possible consistent with the
authorized floor area, other setback requirements and reasonable design standards, but In no case less than 15
feet from the seawall, and provided further that the applicable requirements of Policy 113 are also met.
Policy 11.3:
The Land Development Code shall be. amended to require Special Approval for the repair or replacement of hur-
ricane damaged buildings In the Hurricane Vulnerability Zone (east of Biscayne Boulevard). The criteria for grant-
ing such approval shall be as follows: 1) repair shall be authorized for principal buildings and their associated
accessory buildings and structures when the principal building suffers only minor damage; 2) repair or replace-
ment shall be authorized for principal buildings and their associated accessory buildings and structures when the
principal building suffers major damage or is destroyed, provided that the resulting buildings fully meet the Flor-
ida Building Code and all requirements of the Miami Shores Village land development code and provided further
than ground floor elevatlans conform witorlcEuildings slialf6e exempt from t ;is policy.
April 2015
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59
LMS
M?�n�F-lpzuie
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Miami Springs
AL ,� Y T�'( .i-c`c v "4i . dr• - � h'� r.^ngct� �y
'01:�ao '� s.Mil"* l._ AL_ '. � :V RM41
Objective 1.6: Hurricane Evacuation
Coordinatefuture land uses by encouraging the elimination or reduction of land uses which are inconsistent
with applicable interagency hazard mitlgation'report recommendations and enhance the efforts of the Miami -
Dade office of Emergency Management by providing it with all relevant information. This objective shall be
measured by implementation of its supporting policies.
Policy 1.6.1: The City shall regulate all future development within its jurisdiction In accordance with the Future
Land Use Map. it shall also consider the most current interagency Hazard Mitigation Team Report as part of the
development regulations, The City shall periodically review and revise the Future Land Use Map in light of future'
interagency hazard mitigation reports in order to reduce or eliminate uses which are inconsistent therewith.
North Bay Village
A' cgimere=1 ii i u , .F
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Policy 2.2,9: Require property owners who lease berths to houseboat owners to provide a storm emergency
plan to mitigate damage to public waterways during and after storm events and require such owners to demon-
strate the financial capability to remove sunken or damaged houseboats and houseboat debris from the public
waterways subsequent to storm_ events in which such damage may occur,
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fir.,. � x�. �3: vh � u. "'�i{isa�r� GFtca. c;,• 1�_r.-,.,F'�._.-
Policy 3.25: Require that new development and redevelopment plans Identify, by means of a traffic -way Impact
study, and mitigate any negative impacts the plans may have upon streets and walkways to ensure the mainte-
nance of levels of service and safety within the City. Mitigation shall be mandatory to the extent that a develop-
ment or redevelopment contributes to the identified impact. No development or redevelopment plan shall be
permitted without an approved traffic -way impact study and mitigation plan. .
Policy 3.3.2: The City shail require all potential development an the Kennedy Causeway to demonstrate that the
anticipated traffic Impact will not cause the Causeway to fall belowthe required Level of Service, or to mitigate
any impacts to maintain or improve the required Level of Service.
�OH�1°�,N;��+„!. f� ,4,��` � ` 3�.-r 3: � `2�i ,. FF 1's'� •�'=.,_� ��•:..a .`' ?w a s
GOAL: Protect human Ilfe and the environment and limit destruction In areas subject to natural disaster through
implementation of hazard mitigation strategies.
Policy 8.5.2: The City shall Inventory and identlfy all reimbursable Improvements in the coastal area eligible' for
funding under provisions of the Federal Disaster Assistance Plan and include thls Information In the Clty's local '
mitigation strategy plan.
Policy 8.8.3: The Recovery Task Force shall review and decide upon emergency building permits; coordinate
with Miami -Dade County, State and Federal Officials to prepare disaster assistance applications; analyze and
recommend to the City Commission hazard mitigation options Including reconstruction or relocation of darn -
aged public fadllties; develop -are development plan; and recommend amendments to the CIty's Comprehensive
Plan, Miami -Dade County Hurricane Procedure Plan, and other appropriate policies and procedures.
Policy 8.8.5: The RecoveryTask Force shall propose Comprehensive Plan amendments which reflect the recom-
mendations in any interagency hazard mitigation reports or other reports prepared pursuant to Section 406 of
the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (PL93-288).
Policy 8,8.7: Structures which suffer recurring damage to pilings, foundations; or load -bearing wails shall be re-
quired to rebuild landward of their current location to modify the structure to structurally enhance the struc-
ture, Institute other mitigation measures,_or delete the areas most_prone to damage._ _ .. _
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
North Miami
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Policy 1.8.1: The City shall coordinate with the Mlaml-Dade County and the South Florida Reglonal'PlanningCoun-
cil In Implementing the approved Local Mitigation Strategy, by assessing the vulnerability of govern mental, med-
ica[ and public safety sites and structures in the dty to storm damage, and In' developing an action plan, if neces-
sary, to address wind stability and flood protection for key buildings. -
Policy 1.8.5. All proposed large-scale amendm�nls to' this Comprehensive Plan and/or zoning applIcatJons; shall
be evaluated for their impact on hurricane evacuation routes arid times, and affect on currently available off-slte
shelter capacities, Roadway Improvements and shelter Improvements shall be required, If deemed necessary, to
mitigate negative Imparts and phased with new residential development,
som
420
Policy 3AAS: The City shall continue to pursue and maintain funding for the Disaster M[tigatlon/Recovery Strat-
egy Program to assist with post -disaster repairs and encourage the -timely repair of homes damaged as a resultof
disaster activfty,
ObjwndveSA.2:
The City shall Implement.programs, and policies in conjunction with Miami -Dade County to protect residentsand
business from disasters and mitigate hazards.
Policy 5A.2:1:Aypart of on -going monitoring and updating procedures, the city shall ensure that all applicable
provisions ofthe hazard mitigation annex nfthe k8|am|'De6aCounty ImergencyOperations Plan, and the Miami -
Dade CountyLp*a/K8itigationStrobegy(L/NS)are(ncu,pvratmdand/nraddnussad[n/oxo|haza,Jmit|0ationproce-
dures..
Pw|b9 5A.3A The City shall Implement the provisions included In the Local Mitigation Strategy to provide for
debrfs clearance as well as Immediate repair and replacement of public infrastructure required to protect-pQbllc
health and safety.
Policy 5A.2.10., The City shall promote and educate the public an strengthening their structures against natural
disasters by promotingthe hardening of structures In accordance with the Florlda.Comprehensive Hurricane Dam-
age84|t|got|unPrngrano(MySafeF|or|doHoma).
Policy SA.3.3:The City shall r�(|uvedeOoianoioo|dent0edinthe hurdoane=mouatiununokoband endeavor tn
|nteg�te�&|ona|and local preparat|owand evacuation procedures Into the City'shazard mitigation measures.
Policy 5A.4.2, Incorporate recommendations found In interagency hazard mitigation reports into the comprehen-
sivep|onpndpoat-d|aoxterradnvelnpmentp|on.
Policy s13.2.4;Institute marina siting criteria that address existing protective status ofownership, hurricane con-
tingency p|unh/ng,pm*autionofwotarqua||ty,waterdepth,avo|ln6||Uyofvp|ond.yupportsom[ces,|anduoecorn-
patfbility, environmental disruptions and mitigation actions, availability for public use, and economic need and
feasibility.
Objective 613.1
Through the permitting process continue to preserve and maintain Identified wetlands and water quality from
the Impacts pfnew development orredevelopment,
Monitoring and Eviluutlon: '
" The {lityshoUwvm|uateIts permitting process tnensure that proof nfmitigation bobtained prior tothe
m|eaoaofbuilding permits, `
PoUcy-GB4.1,The City shall deny permit applications for newdevelopment or redevelopment projects which may
adversely Impact o)dst|xgwetlands and water gua/Ry'orquantity und|satisfactory mitigation and protection
measures are. pvrformwncebonded bythe developer.
-PnDxyW�o.2.4r7he'Clty-shoU vmrt/num'*rprov|dmadwmt|*n,progwmn'tn-e6ocote-ruaidents about tho'po||udng
offectoxtho8wyondotbernaturo|bod|pyof water |nthe City, ofrun-off containing grass clippings, lawn fortU|z-
um,nnduth*rdm||ortypomnteda|,ond present techniques that can beImplemented 6yres(6ehtstomlflgati�
61
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The. Strategy
VANINSMIrr VSCIftitelOMPiV i1e 54 —W, .- t'�' —AC
this problem. in addition, the City shall continue to coordinate with the SFRPC's Strategic Regional Policy Plan
(Policy 14,14 and 14,17) to educate the public.
North Miami Beach
The City of North Miami Beach is responsible for natural disaster preparedness and emer-
gency management that is addressed in the Comprehensive Plan. This includes re-
sponse, recovery, and mitigation procedures that are acknowledge throughout all City
departments. The City has a Certified Floodplain Manager that administers the Commu-
nity Rating System (CRS) to reduce flood damage to insurable property, strengthen and
support the insurance aspects of the NFiP, and encourage a comprehensive approach to
floodplain management.
The primary duties of the Building Official shall be to intake and process permit applica-
tions and associated fees; ensure permits are routed for flood elevation review; conduct
the review of building permit applications for compliance with structural and technical
code requirements for flood -proofing and resistance of combined dynamic, hydrostatic
and wind loads; and provide backup certified personnel as needed to assist in the flood
elevation review. These duties may be clarified, and other duties may be assigned in
memoranda of understanding or in interdepartmental procedures for the administration of
the National Flood Insurance Program and Article X of the City North Miami Beach Ordi-
nance (SUBDIVISION AND FLOODPLAIN STANDARDS). The Building Official ensures
that of record of the actual elevation, in relation 'to mean sea level, of the lowest floor,
including basement, of all new or substantially improved structures, flood proof from a
registered professional engineer or architect, helps maintain all records pertaining to the
provisions of this section and keep them open for public inspection and keeps a file of as -
built drawings.
Interagency Coordination: The City Building Official and Director of Public Services are
hereby appointed to -assist and cooperate with the Director of Community Development
or designee in carrying out the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program,
and in the administration of this article. The Director of Community Development shall
develop interagency memoranda of understanding and procedures which shall describe
the duties and responsibilities of each agency involved in the administration of this article.
The Director of Public Services, the Building Official, and the Chief Code Enforcement
Officer of the City shall cooperate with the Director of Community Development in the
creation of memoranda of understanding an'd interdepartmental procedures which shall
be approved by the City Manager. Each agency shall properly execute its duties and
responsibilities as .set .forth in this article and in the memoranda of understanding and
published procedures. In the absence of any Interdepartmental guidance regarding any
particular incident or program action, the Director of Community Development shall direct
- - --- immediate or -interim -action -to -be -taken -when -time -is -of -the essence, -which -direction may- - --
'be reviewed and amended by the City Manager.
April 2015 P1-54
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EMS
Miami -Pale
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
The Police Department's Crime Prevention Division has a Community Emergency Re-
sponse Team (CERT) that receives special training for the purpose of enhancing their
ability to recognize, respond to, and recover from a major emergency or disaster situation.
The CERT basic training that is offered at the City of North Miami Beach's PoiiceeDepart
ment,. issues a training course that helps residents identify hazards that affects the home,
workplace, and neighborhood. The program helps to understand the function of CERTs
and their roles in immediate disaster response. For example, the course utilizes preven-
tion techniques such as basic fire suppression strategies and fire safety measures in or-
der to eliminate natural and man-made disasters.
The City of North Miami Beach has incorporated mitigation into- their planning processes
to include the following plans:
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Objective 1,2: Detail a redevelopment strategy for potential redevelopment areas, Including those cited In this
plan (see Map 1.16, Volume Four). Redevelopment could include Future Land Use Map designation changes as
necessary to facilitate enhancement of these areas.
Policy 1.2,18: The City should encourage the use of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)
standards In the redevelopment of the Clty. and formalize these standards within the Zoning and Land Devel-
opment Code, enhancing the safety of the City by limiting design factors which abet Crime.
Objective 1.3: Encourage elimination of uses incompatible with this land use plan.
Policy 1.3.4: Continue to regulate the use of land in the flood zones In accordance with FEMA requirements
and the Land Development Regulations, Including not permitting variances from required finished floor eleva-
tions. Continue to Implement programs and procedures which improve FEMA's Community Rating System
score for the City In orderto.reduce the cost of homeowner's insurance by 5% annually, Continue to annually
reduce the number of existing structures which do not comply with these requirements and regulations.
Objective 1.4: Ensure reasonable protection of natural resources and environmentally sensitive land as new
development occurs, _
Policy 1.4.1: Continue to enforce the Oleta River overlay zoning district to achieve maximum reasonable pro-
tection of the natural waterfront habitat as development applications are reviewed.
Policy 1.4.2: The City shall protect and maintain natural resources and environmentally sensitive lands through
the implementation of this comprehensive plan and the land development regulations.
Policy 1.4.3: Coordinate the City's land uses, development, and redevelopment activities with the South Florida
Water Management District's Biscayne Bay Surface Water Improvement Plan.
Objective 1,5: The City shall coordinate with Miami -bade County, the South Florida Regional Planning Council
and the State of Florida in evaluating the Impacts of development and redevelopment on hurricane evacuation
clearance times, structural Integrity, and disaster -preparedness needs.
Policy 1.5.3: The City shall coordinate with the Miami -Dade County and the South Florida Regional Planning
Council in lmp[ementtng the approved Local Mitigation Strategy by: assessing the vulnerability of governmen-
tal, medical and public safety sites andstructures in the Clty to storm damage, and; developing an action plan,.
If necessary, to address wind stability and flood protection for key buildings.
Policy 1.5.4: The City shall continue to workwith Miami -Dade County to ensure that City employees are well -
trained In the programs, procedures. and_pollcles requiredduring a disaster emergency and the longer -term_._._
post -disaster redevelopment. process.
Policy 1.5.5: The Clty shall evaluate all proposed large-scale amendments to the Comprehensive Plan and/or
zoning applications to determine their Impact on hurricane evacuation routes and times, and affect on currently
April 2015
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tuna$-Oede
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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available off -site shelter capacities. Roadway Improvements and shelter improvements shallbe required to
mitigate negative impacts, If deemed necessary, and phased with new residential development.
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Objective 1.1; Continue to provide new or Improved sewer collection, drainage and/or potable water systems
In accordance with the Capital Improvements Schedule, as It is annually updated.
Policy 1.1.2 : The City shall continue Its drainage Improvement program and continue the supporting catch
basin cleaning program so that adequate street drainage can be achieved and maintained:
Objective 1.4: Protect the Gity's natural drainage and recharge areas by retaining all existing lakes and prohib-
iting any -new development with 100 percent Impervious coverage.
Policy 1.4,1: Through [and development code techniques, protect the existing lakes and assure adequate per-
vious areas in conjunction with new development.
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r.�,.a^Wi-,>�� . _-> ._.. ,._,�•�
Objective 1.1: Continue to achieve zero (0) net loss of the 2,000 linear feet of natural areas bordering the es-
tuarine areas in the City.
Policy 1.1.2: As developers apply for permits oh the few remaining waterfront sites; the City, in coordination
with Miaml-Dade County's Shoreline Review Committee when necessary, shall carefully review site plans In
order to minimize impacts upon the natural waterfront (and thus the estuary and wildlife), particularly their
drainage and tree protection plans; a waterfront zoning..overlay district may, in some cases, require mitigation
of disturbed natural features through the planting, rfp-rap replacement of seawalls, etc. For aesthetic and
consistency reasons, seawalls shall continue to -be the required shoreline stabilization method for residential
areas In Eastern Shores.
Objective 1,3: Achieve a net increase In the environmental quality of the estuary; see policies for measurability.
Policy 1,3,1: City officials shall coordinate with appropriate local, regional and state agencies to monitor the
commercial marinas and assure avoidance of pollution sources by reporting any violations to those agencies.
The City shall also assure review of any proposed marina, coastal drainage project, or waterfront development
by the County Shoreline Development Review Committee and Florida DEP to assure conformance with the
Biscayne Bay Surface Water Improvement and Management (SWIM) Plan (South Florida Water Management
District, 1994),
Policy 1.3.2; ContfnUe the Clty's street drainage improvement projects in order to minimize pollution from
stormwater run-off; take special care In reviewing drainage plans for private developmentprojects located near
waterways to assure that adequate on -site retention Is provided
Policy 1.3.3: Annually review the development code to assure adequate protection is provided against negative
Impacts that may result from potential new uses In the coastal area and In any flood hazard areas.
Policy 1.3.5: The City, through its regulatory processes and coordination with appropriate agencies, shall limit
specific and cumulative Impacts of development ar redevelopment uponwetiands.water quality, water quan-
tity, surface water runoff; and exposureto natural hazards, wildlife habitat, and living marine resources.
Objective 1,4:The amount of shoreline devoted to water dependent and water related uses shall be maintained
at 3,500 linear feet along the Oleta River system and Snake Creek Canal or increased in conformance with the
criteria in the following policies. Note that North Miami Beach has very limited vacant privately owned frontage
oh the estuary.
Policy 1.4.1: Existing water dependent uses and new water dependent uses (1,e., uses which cannot exist or _
occur without estuarine association) should be maintained and should be regulated through zoning policies
which insure environmental compatibility. New uses which increase access or preserve and protect shoreline
resources should be. encouraged.
• April2015
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L.MS
Miami -Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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Policy 1.4,7: Acquire natural areas and natural habitat for conservation through County, State, .or Federal
Grants If possible.
Objective 1.6: The Clty shall enforce the minimum floodplaln management regulations of the Federal Emer-
gency Management Agency (FEMA) and the City's Floodpiain Standards Ordinance for new and substantially
Improved buildings,.
Policy 1.6.4: The Clty shall continue to participate in the .Community Rating System (CRS) and the National Flood
insurance Programs (NFIP), and distribute information relative to Its provisions.
Policy 1.6,5: In an effort to minimize flood insurance premium rates for North Miami Beach residents, the City
shall endeavor to maintain or improve its Class 8 rating to a Class 7 or better by performing floodpiain manage-
ment activities that exceed the minimum NFIP requirements of the Community Rating System..
Policy 1.6.6: To prevent further additions to the list of Repetitive Loss (RL) properties published by FEMA, the
City shall remain committed to working on eliminating RL properties within the City to a point that qualifies as
a category A or 8 Community. .
Policy 1.6.7: The City shall continue to enforce Chapter XXiV Zoning and Land Development Code, in an effort
to eliminate an increase in the number of RL properties.
Policy 1.6.8: The City should attempt to promote the acquisition, or retrofit of RL properties.
Policy 1.6,9: The Coastal High Hazard Area Is defined as the area below the elevation of the Category 1 storm
surge line as established by a Sea, Lake and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) computerized storm
surge model. The Coastal High Hazard Area is identified on the Future Land Use Map,
Objective 2.1: The City shall maintain or mitigate the Impacts of development on the prescribed hurricane evac-
uation clearance times identified in the South' Florida Regional Planning hurricane evacuation model update.
Policy 2.1.2: Continue to cooperate with Miami Dade Police and the County Fire Department's Office of Emer-
gency Management, the Red Cross and FEMA through evacuation. planning meetings and policies, and In other
ways Conform to the Metro -Dade Emergency Operations Plan for a Hurricane.
Policy2.1.3: In order to reduce the potential for loss of life and severe property damage, encourage the reduction
of densities and intensities In areas likelyy to be Inundated by flooding resulting from hurricane surge as shown by
Map 5.3, Volume Four, implement a building .code consistent with FEMA requirements, and when possible
through grant funding eilminate the potential forincreased residential and urban densities in those areas by pur-
chasing such lands for use as public open space and shoreline access.
Policy 2.1.4: The City shall participate in regional solutions that aim to reduce overall evacuation clearance times.
Policy 2.1.5:The City shall address deficiencies Identified in the hurricane evacuation analysis and endeavor to
Integrate regional and focal preparation and evacuation procedures into the Clty's hazard mitigation measures.
April 2015
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fmafrwoode
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
141116
a�-�:,jp:',; ti � ray �aa � -,--,roti.Acaft
Objective 2.2; The City of North Miami Beach shall provide lmmediate response to post -hurricane situations in
concert with a post -disaster redevelopment plan, which will reduce or eliminate the exposure of hpman life and
public and private property to natural hazards. Measure:. This objective shall be measured by progress in imple-
menting Its policies. .
Policy 2.2.3: The Recovery Task Force shall include the City Manager, Police Chief, Emergency Management DI -
rector, Community Development Director, Development Services Director, Building Official, Public Services Direc-
tor, Parks & Recreation Director and other Clty staff members as directed by the City Council. Staff shall be pro-
vided by the departments whose directors sit on the Task Force. The Task Force shall be terminated after Imple-
menting its responsibility under Policy 2,2.6.
Policy 2.2.4: The Recovery Task Force shall review and decide upon emergency building permits; coordinate with
Miami -Dade County, State and Federal Officials to prepare disaster assistance applications; analyze and recom-
mend to the City Council hazard mitigation options Including reconstruction or relocation of damaged public fa-
cilities; develop a redevelopment plan; and recommend amendments to the comprehensive plan, Miami -Dade
County Hurricane Procedure Plan and other appropriate policies and procedures.
Policy2.2.5: immediate repair and dean -up actions needed to protect the public health and safety include repairs
to potable water, wastewater and power facilities; removal of building and/or vegetable debris; stabilization or
removal of structures about to collapse; and minimal repairs to make dwellings habitable such as minor roof
repairs and otherweatherproofing/security measures. These actions shall receive first-priorlty in permitting de-
cisions. Long-term development activities shall be postponed until the Recovery Task Force has completed its
tasks,
Policy 2.2.6: The Recovery Task Force shall propose comprehensive plan amendments which reflect the recom-
mendations in any Interagency hazard mitigation reports or other reports prepared pursuant to Section 406 of
the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (PL93-288).
Policy 2.2.7: If rebuilt, structures which suffer damages in excess of fifty (50) percent of their appraised value shall
be rebuilt to meet all current requirements, including those enacted since construction of the structure.
Policy 2.2.8: Repair or•reconstruction of the existing seawalls within the City shalt be done using only pre -fabri-
cated concrete or cement, which maybe augmented at the base only by decorative material (rip -rap), shall be
similar in height and appearance to adjoining lots; pursuant to the Land Development Regulations.
Policy 2.2.9: Following a natural disaster and prior to the Implementation of long-term redevelopment, the City
shall do the following:' Based upon the damage assessment report prepared by the Mlaml-Dade Public Works
Department, the City shall consult with Its Public Services officials and consultant engineer to evaluate options
for damaged public facilities including abandonment, repair In place, relocation and repair with structural modi-
fication, to determine the most strategic approach to long-term development. The evaluation shall include, but
not be lirnited to, issues pertaining to damage caused by 'natural disaster, cost to construct repairs, cost to relo-
cate, costto structurally modify, limitations of right-of-way, and maintenance costs.
Objective 2.4: The City's Emergency Preparedness Committee shall review Its hurricane preparation plans and
post -disaster redevelopment plans annually to insure that risks are mitigated to the furthest extent possible
and that its plans are in conformance with the most recent Objectives and Procedures developed by the Mlar41l-
Dade County Evacuation Planning Task Force. The Clty shall annually review its Hurricane Procedures In March
of each year
Policy 2,4,1: Continue to enforce building codes, fioodplaln regulations, design criteria, and zoning regulations
established to protect new structures, reduce redevelopment costs, and mitigate hurricane hazards.
Policy 2.d.2:.Zoning district boundaries and land developmentregulations shall be maintained or revised as
necessary to insure that no new hospitals or mobile homes that do not meet the criteria for manufactured
housing are constructed In the coastal area.
Objective.2.6: The_CIty.shall take measures_ towards -hurricane preparatlon,-hazard-mit[gation_and-plan-for-post---
disaster redevelopment,
April 2015
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ISMS •
Misamf-Dante
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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Policy 2.6.2: Encourage public awareness and education regarding appropriate responses to a variety of emer-
gencies as feasible and appropriate utilizing such mechanisms as websltes, public access television stations, and
newsletters.
Policy 2.6,3: Coordinate with the County to ensure the availability of emergency shelter for residents required
to evacuate areas adversely affected by natural disasters.
Policy 2,6.4: Work with the South Florida Regional Planning Council in Its role as the region's Economic Devel-
opment District -Coordinator to seek hazard mitigation funding from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Eco-
nomic Development Administration to fund the organizational and training activities of the Business Disaster
Mitigation and Recovery Assistance Program.
Policy2,5.5: Consider reducingbullding permit application fees for disaster resistant shutters, doors, windows,
and roof dips for businesses participating In the Business Disaster Mitigation and Recovery Assistance Program
Policy 2.5,6: The City shall ensure that all applicable provisions of the hazard mitigation annex of the Miami-
Dade•County Emergency Operations Plan, and the Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS), are
Incorporated and/or addressed In local hazard mitigation procedures.
Policy 2.6.7: The City shall monitor problems and life -threatening situations resulting from natural disaster
events and take the necessary steps to ensure that the potential for such problems and situations are minimized
In the future.
Policy 2.6.8: The City shall implement the Local Mitigation Strategy and Post -Disaster Redevelopment Plan to
provide for debris clearance as well as Immediate repair and replacement of public infrastructure required to
protect public health and safety.
Polley 2.6.9: The City shall make every effort to supportand implement the initiatives and projects listed in the
Local Mitigation Strategy, including both countywide initiatives and the proposed hazard mitigation projects
located In the City.
Policy 2.6,10: The City will promote the hardening of structures to increase resistance against natural disasters
pursuant to the Florida Comprehensive Hurricane Damage Mitigation Program (My Safe Florida Home).
1 � �!--. tr 7� a" {u-yL, i(i..__i+q -- �.l,L.�'� - . :C-•p•t 4,, i'3/M•":" 0.7.,• 4' A:.a2'`,ti'c� •., - a. 'F-- '!'��',- -r.,, :(Ax- -wv2
ova
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's�s�i����!s���i��-,�'�i=`��_�'"'=^�sU�,'�-�%�`���r,�se�"��'f.�w`�v,.a��rrur�.a,�_:,,ae-�;�`•3�.}-!::'
Objective 1.2: Continueto pursue drainage practices and programs that minimize ground and surface water
pollution, including pollution to the Biscayne Aquifer; experience no increase in the amount of properties, de-
velopments, or facilities polluting ground water or surface water as the result of non -implementation of such
practices and programs. Measure: Number of properties developed or redeveloped without technical review
Insuring that proposed drainage at the site minimizes ground and surface water pollution.
Policy 1.2.1: Continue to make street drainage improvements City-wide.
Objective 1.3: Protect existing rare or threatened vegetative communities, natural ecosystems, listed animal
species and their habitat, sensitive soils, and estuarine communities against any further degradation. Achieve
0 net loss of the 2,000 lineal feet of natural shoreline bordering the estuary.
Policy 1.3.4: Further landscape and extend the linear park along the Snake Creels Canal in an effort to assist
wildlife and riverine habitat conservation, Including the removal of Invasive, nuisance vegetation.
Policy 1,5.6: Continue to restrict activities known to adversely affect endangered and threatened wild life, and
require mitigation measures for activities impacting native vegetative communities.
Objective 1.6: The City shall seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the maximum extent feasible and
conserve .energy resources. In developing the 2012 Evaluation and Appraisal Report and associated amend-
ments, the City shall establish and adopt a percentage goal for greenhouse gas reduction 'consistent with Mi-
ami -Dade County's greenhouse gas reduction goal. Measure: The number of specific pregrems Initiated to
•-reduce-greenhouse gas emissions,per-tentage reduction -of greenhouse gas emissions, acres -of mixed use -de-- -
veiopment as a percentage of total development, and the estimated reduction of vehicle miles travelled as a
result of these efforts.
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
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VOW 40714i7
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ArNANZOVcr
Policy 1.6.2: The City shall require low impact development techniques andgreen building standards that re-
duce the negative environmental Impacts of development and redevelopment by: reducing building footprints
to the maximum extent feasible, and locating building sites away from environmentally sensitive areas; pro-
moting the preservation of natural resources; providing for on -site mitigation of impacts (I.e, retention and
treatment of stormwater runoff, water reuse, Master Stormwater Management Systems); promotingenergy
conservation through design, landscaping and building techniques (I.e. solar power, Increased tree. canopies);
promoting water conservation through landscaping and building design; ensuring environmentally friendly
building practices (l.e, use of environmentally friendly building materials, recycled materials), and; considering
the development and implementation of a green building certification program, with associated regulations,
incentives and standards.
®pa-Iocka
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Sec. 7-75. - Purpose.
,d<
This article is to Insure the continued availability of flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Pro-
gram; to comply with federally imposed requirements; and to protect the public health, safety and general wel-
fare, by minimizing flood losses in the flood hazard areas of the City of Opa-locka, and to require that uses vul-
nerable to floods, including facilities which serve such uses, be protected against flood damage at the time of
Initial construction and substantial improvement; control the alteration of natural floodplains, stream channels,
and natural protective barriers which are Involved In the accommodation of flood waters; control filling, grad-
ing, dredging and other development which may increase erosion or flood damage, and; to Insure that potential
home buyers are notified that property is In a f(ood.area.
Sec. 7-78. - Standards for development within special flood hazard (SFH) areas,
(a) No new construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure or manufactured home shall
be permitted in SFH Areas, and no development permit referred to in section 7-77 of this chapter shaft be Issued
therefore, unless said new construction and substantial Improvement has the lowest floor (including basement)
elevated to or above the regulatory flood (100-year flood) elevation.
Electrical, plumbing, air conditioning and other attendant utilities must be constructed, designed, and/or
located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within their components during conditions of
flooding.
(b) No new construction and substantial improvement of any nonresidential structure shall be permitted in
SFH Areas, and no development permit referred to in section 7-77 of this chapter shall be issued therefore,
unless said development has the lowest floor (Including basement) elevated to or above the level of the
base flood (100-year flood). If the lowest permitted floor level of such nonresidential structure (Including
basement) Is below the regulatory flood level then such nonresidential structuretogether with attendant.
utility and sanitary facilities shall be flood -proofed to one (1) foot above the level of the base flood; pro-
vided that the lowest floor level of such nonresidential structure (Including basement) •shall be not more
than ten (10) feet below the base flood level. Where flood proofing Is utilized fora.particular structure, a
registered professional engineer or architect shall certify that the floodproofing methods are adequate to
withstand the flood depth, pressures, velocities, Impact and uplift forces associated with the base flood,
and a record of such certificates Indicating the specific elevation (in relation to mean sea level) to which
such structure is floodproofed shall be maintained with thedesignated official.
(c). All manufactuled..hom_ds_placed, .ocsubstentlally improv.ed,_on indluidual_lots or_ parcels,. In..exp.ansions..to_
existing'manufactured home parks orsubdivisions, in new manufactured home parks, in substantially Im-
proved manufactured home parks, shall,meet all of the requirements for "new construction", including
' elevation In accordance with section 7-78(a) and anchoring requirement of section 7-77(c)(2).
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
s�-�F-'r -P-- W l,glannl �``S= ram.
(d) Al] manufactured homes placed, or substantially Improved in an existing manufactured home park or
sub
division shall be elevated so that;
(1) The lowest floor of the manufactured home Is elevated no lower than the base flood elevation; or
(2) The manufactured home chassis Is supported by reinforced piers or other foundation elements of
at [east an equivalent strength, of no less than thirty-six (36) Inches In height above grade.
(3) The manufactured home shall be securely anchored to the adequately anchored foundation system
to resist flotation, collapse and lateral movement.
(4) In an existing manufactured home park or subdivision in which a manufactured home has Incurred
'substantial damage as the result of a flfodd, any manufactured home placed or substantially Improved
shall meet the standards of section 7-7S(a) and 7-77(3).
(e) Ali recreational vehicles placed within this area shall either:
(1) Be on site for fewer than one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days;
(2) Be fully licensed and ready for highway use; or
(3) The recreational vehicle shaft meet all the requirements for new construction, including anchoring
and elevation requirements of section 7-78(c).
(4) Be on the site for fewer than one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days. A recreational vehicle Is
ready for highway use if It is on its wheels or jacking system, Is attached to the site only by quick dis-
connect type utilities and security devices and has no permanently attached structures.
(f) Elevated buildings. New construction and substantial Improvements of elevated buildings that include
fully enclosed areas formed byfoundattons and other exterior walls below the lowest floor shall be de-
signed to preclude finished living space except allowable uses (i.e, parking, limited storage and building
access) and shall be designed to allow for the entry and exit of floodwaters to automatically equalize hy-
drostatic flood forces on exterior walls. Designs for complying with this requirement must either meet or
exceed the following minimum criteria or.be certified by a professional engineer or architect:
(1) Provide a minimum of two (2) openings having a total net area of not less than one (1) square inch
for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding;
(2) The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one (1) foot above grade; and
(3) Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves or other coverings or devices provided
they permit the automatic flow of floodwaters In both directions;
Electrical, plumbing, air conditioning and other utility connections must be constructed, designed,
and/or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during
conditions of flooding,
Access to the enclosed area shall be the minimum necessary to allow for parking of vehicles (garage
door), (standard exterior door), or entry to the living area (stairway or elevator); the interior portion
of such enclosed area shall not be finished or partitioned into separate rooms or air conditioned,
(g) Notify, in river line situations, adjacent communities and the Florida NFIP Coordinating Office to any al-
teration or relocation of a watercourse, and submit copies of such notifications to FEMA;
(h) The flood carrying capacity within the altered or relocated portion of any watercourse shall be main-
tained.
(Ord. No. 12-09, § 2, 4-11-12)
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Part 1: The Strategy
Palmetto Bay
Palmetto Bay is Joining the Community Rating System program and integrating addi-
tional activities to benefit their residents by reducing the risks of flooding. The EY 2104-
2015 Budget contains budgeting for canal drainage systems and for on -going preven-
tative maintenance to maximized the efficiency of the system and reduce roadway pond -
in and flooding.
�,� li�tz•` p'Ft't. er�ri ttr.`_)—..._ a iYt' _`- �; ' +' -Q .{ T. �,r�". Jtr .,-• ai
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objective 1.6 Coastal High Hazard and Disaster Preparedness
Coordinate with Miami -Dade County and the State of Florida in addressing the land use planning, evacuation,
structural Integrity, and disaster -preparedness needs of Palmetto Bay,
Policy 1.6.2 Coordinate with Miami -Dade County in implementing the approved Local Mitigation Strategy, by
assessing the vulnerability of governmental, medical, and public safety sites and structures in the Village to
storm damage, and In developing an action plan, If necessary, to address wind stability and flood protection for
key buildings.
Objective 5.3 Flood Protection
The Village will reduce natural hazard impacts through compliance with federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) regulations and by targeting repetitive flood loss and vulnerable properties for mitigation.
Objective 5.8 Post Disaster Redevelopment and Hazard Mitigation
Coordinate with the Miami -Dade County Office of Emergency Management (CIEM) to develop and implement
post -disaster redevelopment and hazard mitigation plans that reduce or eliminate exposure of life and property
to natural hazards towards the protection of health, safety, and welfare within the Village. •
Policy 5.8.2 The Village shall enforceapplicable recommendations of post disaster hazard mitigation plans re-
quired under Section 405 of the Disaster Relief Act of 1974.
Pinecrest
The Village of Pinecrest is currently working on a Stormwater Basin Master Plan to eval-
uate the existing stormwater infrastructure and look at the current Level of Service and
identify and prioritize any problem areas, The Plan will model and look at current and
future conditions for 24-hour, 2-year,10-year, 25-year, 50-year and 100-year storm
events including consideration for sea level rise. Pinecrest is also going through the pro-
cess to become a Community Rating System Community.
WHEREAS, pursuant to section 1.63.08, Florida Statutes, the Improved property that has been retrofitted with
energy -related qualifying Improvements receivespecial benefit of alleviating the property's burden from energy
consumption and assists In the fulfillment of the state's energy and hurricane mitigation poilcies; and ...
WHEREAS, tire -Village Council -wishes to enter • intoan.Interlocal.agreementwith the Town.of_Cutler. Bay_and.._—
other municipalities to participate In the District In order to provide financing for qualifying Improvements as
provided for In F.5.163.08;
April 2015
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The Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
South Miami
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Policy 1.3,7The City will coordinate with the emergency management program of Mlaml-Dade County y notify-
ing the County of any. current or future land use policies or population changes which would affect hurricane
shelters.or emergency evacuation routes.
Policy 1.3,11 The Clty will participate with Miami -Dade County In the planning and implementation of the
County's Hazard Mitigation Plan, as it impacts the City of South Mlanii.
gsigr,�1Mr�t�;xr� mmrra r7���;�,.��.�, �r-�:..d�• e��-�l•� .n+y r. 7u4 G{a wl;;>:.,•�}aq�K�,ys.' : ��. • .� r�pYw•.is •m��-�'-4��i.::'�
�S,i_WyF�•m-:SS� A7�-;!Wa:.`.4a �f-`a•T",*'. rye. e�,.'.-.`+ss u2�vh SWIS � �+ i� .=a10153 ritiES r .,YSF,',iMi 5'•
• OBJECTIVE 4.4
Preserve floodplain areas via flaodplain management and limiting development within the Special Flood Hazard
Area.
Policy 4.4.1 In coordination with the Translt-Oriented Development District, permit more Intense development
only In those areas which are located outside of the Special Flood Hazard Area.
Policy 4.4.2 Building density and intensity may be transferred from areas within the Special Flood Hazard Area,
In orderto perm[t•deve&opment within the Transit -Oriented Development District, while reducing the permitted
Intensities within the Special Flood Hazard Areas.
Sunny Isles Beach
,c7 ., :':-'..',. F.;. 'k.�..y ,1 •.',+�' §s� , •�';• ;La. . �.. , 7 � wt ua .,;q -� yy..o „ „- ...• •q_• �� it , � ✓si, `1•-'
..► e(ot 't{� ti . r;r ' •at�p,�[Oil • ,„ Tridi i; °k-g00_k1� 0;.�k1. •.r . _ ._4
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:.`,-:.,•�'r�,r��`=`��}�'.'-�,`-'•'���-��-��•' •�:n�:?�'�•z�:4�;:' :^���':;±sS..7.,,.•y!.,t9e[ . ,�i �4�F,�?1S'��=od;.`<a
Policy 3P: Applications for rezoning, zoning variances or subdivision approvals for all new development In areas
subject to coastal flooding shall be reviewed for emergency evacuation, sheltering, hazard mitigation, and post -
disaster recovery and redevelopment.
'.., •..� ��y:. 2rvti-.' r '�.:i` �'--'r_-a• �— .,N• ai _ g".`'�±a `� �$ ii''�'t' +{ �• •t '' E
MSS g levy Wier, {• 'F• ei . ? �' n I•s-,i`• ;t rii •y ivlir I. t �1„�.,,S�.�L ,I,Y�.S:�--..•.F�FpS,�c; '��4i� ��� p--'ya:�r o. s ••.s..x �:,. ,<Ac �,: ]��-��p dr 3�''Lam(
�Yh� �Fxf'+�41��1`-:C.ISH.A�7�m!-�+YiiXi`Y�.�i?�i��.a.a ..�.�� �%V;k.+e^•?a`�W'�
Objective 3: Transportation Network Safety & Efficiency •
The C1ty shall Improve the safety, and efficiency of the City's roadway system through transportation system man-
agement (7SM) techniques, Including: access management (Policies 3A-D), improved Intersection operations (Pol-
ley 3E), traffic calming along residential streets (Policy 3F), mitigation by developers (Policy 3G),.accident analysis
(Policy3H, 31), and maintahilng visibility for pedestrians, vehicles, and cyclists (Policy 33).
Surfside
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Objective 7 :
Coordination of population with hurricane evacuation plans: Coordinate population densities with the applica-
ble local or regional coastal evacuation plan [9J-5.006 (3) (b) 5] and coordinate future land uses by encouraging
the elimination or reduction of land uses which are inconsistent with applicable Interagency hazard mitigation
_ report recommendations (9J-5.Q06 (3) (b) 6]. This objective shall be measured by implementation of its support-
ing policies. [9J5.O06 (3) (b) 5 and 6]. -
Policy 7.2: The Town shall regulate all future development within its jurisdiction in accordance with the goals
and objectives of the "The Local Mitigation Strategy for Miami -Dade County and Its Municipalities,. Departments
and Private Sector Partners" (June 2008), The Town shall periodically review and revise the Future Land Use
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The MYYiami-Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
wormis
`� gir' Iif,MA w '" i,,f , ,+?#. li
Map in light of future Interagency hazard mitigation reports fn order to reduce or eliminate uses which are In-
consistent therewith.
Policy 5.5;.Consideration for the relocation, mitigation or replacement of any of the existing infrastructure in
the Coastal High Hazard Area, as may be deemed appropriate by the Town, shall be coordinate with the state
when state funding is anticipated to be needed for implementation of the project. al Management Element
Policy 6.5: The Town shall adopt a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan in order to prepare for, re-
spond to, recover from and mitigate potential hazard by December 2011,
Objective 11: Hazard mitigation
In general, the Town shall regulate development so as to minimize and mitigate hazard resulting from hurri-
canes, In particular, the Town shall ensure that all construction and reconstruction complies with applicable reg-
ulations designed to minimize hurricane impact on buildings and their occupants.
Policy 11.5:TheTown shall continue to enforce regulations and codes which provide for hazard mitigation, in-
cluding but not limited to, land use, building construction, placement of fill, flood elevation, sewer, water and
power Infrastructure, and stormwaterfacllities, These regulations shall be applied to eliminate unsafe condi-
tions, inappropriate uses and reduce hazard potentials, •
Policy 11.6; The Town shall increase public awareness of hazards and their impacts by providing hazard mitiga-
tion information to the public. Information shall address evacuation, sheltering, building techniques to reduce
hazards as well as other hazard mitigation issues that could help prevent loss of life and property.
Policy 11.9: The Town shall, as deemed appropriate, incorporate the recommendation of the hazard mitigation
annex of the local emergency management plan and shall analyze and consider the recommendations from In-
teragency hazard mitigation reports. •
Policy 11.10: The Town shall include criteria In the five (5) year schedule of Capital Improvement projects to In-
clude consideration for and prioritization for projects that are hazard mitigation initiatives.
Sweetwater
n. t: t,,.AIti.G10Ler;ta gbina 1'tT.r1 -L t$ - ] 'r 7'i :r �`{5 .fi�r,��r age' ,>'L�T.iqtr>.
The areas of special flood hazard identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in the flood insurance
study (FIS) adopted by Mlaml-Dade County on July 21, 2009, with the accompanying maps and other supporting
data, and any subsequent revisions thereto, are adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this chapter,
The flood Insurance study are on file at the Miaml-Dade County Department of Planning and Zoning and the
Department of Environmental Resources Management and the flood Insurance rate maps are on file at the City
of Sweetwater clerk's office that.are available to the public.
glitiziatifiNfeter
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In all A zones where base flood elevation data have been provided (zones AE, Al-30, A (with base flood elevation),
and AH), as set forth In section.35-32, the following provisions, in addition to those setforth 1n section 35-81, shall
apply:
(1) Residential construction. A[[ new construction and substantial improvement of any residential building (in-
cluding manufactured home) shall have the lowest floor, Including basement,•elevated to no lower than one
foot the base flood elevation. Should solid foundation perimeter walls be used to elevate a structure, there
must be a minimum of two openings on different sides of each enclosed area sufficient to facilitate automatic
equalization of flood hydrostatic forces In accordance with standards of subsection 35-82(3).
(2) Nonresidential construction. All new construction and "substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial,
or nonresidential building (including manufactured home) shall have the lowest floor, including basement,
elevated to no lower than one foot above the base flood elevation. All buildings located in A zones may be
flood proofed, In Ileu of being elevated, provided that all areas of the building components, together with
attendantutliftles and sarilfary fealties, -Below tfie-base flood elevation pfus-one foot are wefertiglif waifs substantially substantially Impermeable to the passage of water, and use structural components having the capability
of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and the effects of buoyancy. A registered professional engi-
neer or architect shall certify that the standards of this subsection are satisfied using the FEMA flood proofing
April 2015
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Part 1: The Strategy
�yrj^s[�a...�y�+. �� �brr�""•' .YAa:t cy'l_.'�x.
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certificate. Such certification along with the corresponding engineering data, and the operational and mainte-
nance plans shalt be provided to the Ploodplaln administrator.
(3) Enclosures below the lowest floor, New construction and substantial Improvements that Include fully -eh -
closed areas formed by foundation and other exterior walls below the lowest floor shall be designed to pre-
clude finished living space and designed .to allow for the entry and exit of floodwaters to automatically equal-
ize hydrostatic flood forces on -exterior walls.
Virginia Gardens
10.1 Administration: Duties of the Administrator shall. Include, but are not be limited to:
Verify and record the actual elevation (In relation to mean sea level) of the lowest floor (A -Zones) or bottom of
the lowest horizontal structural member of the lowest floor (V-Zones) of all new and substantially improved build-
ings, in accordance with Article 5, Section B (1) and (2) and Section E (2), respectively;
Verify and record the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) to which the new and substantially improved
buildings have been flood -proofed, in accordance with Article 5, Section B (2);
LION
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6.11.3 Design Standards
To comply with the foregoing performance standards, the proposed storm water management system shall con-
form to the following standards:
A. To the maximum extent practicable, natural systems shall be used to accommodate stormwater.
B, The proposed stormwater management system shall be designed to accommodate the stormwater that origi-
nates within the development and stormwater that flows onto or across the development from adjacent lands.
The proposed stormwater management system shall be designed to function properly for a minimum twenty
(20) year life.
C. The design and construction of the proposed stormwater management system shall be certified as meeting the
requirements of this Code by a professional engineer registered, In the State of Florida.
D. No surface water' may be channeled or directed into a sanitary sewer,
West Miami
ratroV
WATIA
Objective 7
As per 9J-5.016 (2) (c), this section of the Capital Improvements Element provides a cost analysis of the capital
improvements identified for mitigation of existing deficiencies,. replacement and new growth needs pursuant to
the Future Land Use Element.
ofigrAdog
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
MiTiGATiON GOALS AND OBJECTIVES9
Mitigation goals and objectives must be consistent with the goals and objectives of the
county and the individual municipalities' master plans, their codes and ordinances, as well
as other endeavors that reflectthe aspirations for the welfare, safety and quality of fife of
their citizens.
Goals
1. Reduce Miami-Dade's vulnerability to natural and man-made hazards
Objectives:
1.1. Incorporate new and more accurate data, studies and maps that demonstrate
the evolution of risk in the county
1.2. (dentify new and emerging mitigation methods and products for new and retro-
fitting construction
1.3. Identify projects that mitigate expected impacts from hazards identified in the
THI RA
1.4. Promote mitigation measures to. the Whole Community through outreach and
education
1.5. Harden building envelope protection - including ail openings — and inclusion of
a continuous load path from roof to foundation on all structures within the county
1.6. Reduce flooding from rainfall events
1.7. Reduce•storm surge hazards and effects by encouraging greater setbacks from
shorelines for new developments of waterfront properties, encouraging retrofit-
ting and elevation of structures with high priority consideration for those built on
waterfront properties, seeking opportunities to acquire, exchange or otherwise
secure limited control of waterfront real estate
2. Minimize future losses from all hazard impacts by reducing the risk to people
and property
Objectives:
2.1. Adopt land use policies that limit, prohibit or mandate development and con-
struction standards to promote resiliency and reduce risk
2.2. Adopt building codes leading to building design criteria based on site -specific
evolving and future risk
2.3. Identify mitigation projects that reduce risk to vulnerable populations that are at
greater risk from hazards
2.4. Integrate mitigation into existing structures during regular maintenance and re-
placement cycles
3. implement mitigation_projects that meet or exceed current codes
9 MAP 4.4,5
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Part 1: The Strategy
Objectives
3.1. Design and develop projects that address both current and future risk
3.2. identify projects to address potential threats from climate change such as sea
level rise and the impacts of storm surge and breaking waves exacerbated by
sea level rise
4. Prevent flood related repetitive losses from natural disaster through, education
and regulation
Objectives
4.1. Map repetitive and severe repetitive loss (RL) areas,
4.2. identify projects that will mitigate flood risk in these the RL areas
4.3. Track mitigation projects by flood basin to see past, current and future projects
and compare to flooding data
5. Promote and support the Community Rating System (CRS) for all communities
in Miami -Dade.
Objectives
5,1. Incorporate measures into the LMS to help obtain uniform credit for all CRS
communities
5.2. identify and -track projects in the LMS to demonstrate- the role of mitigation'
measures in reducing flood risk
5.3. Provide outreach and educational opportunities
5.4. Develop and implement a Program for Public Information (PPI)
6. Promote mitigation measures for critical facilities
Objectives
6.1. Continue to invite and work with critical facility stakeholders
6.2, Identify and track mitigation measures for existing critical facilities
6.3. Assess alternate facilities as identified in continuity of operations plans to deter-
mine if the sites are appropriately mitigated
6,4. Identify additional sites for emergency sieltering
6.5. Integrate sea level rise modeling to project and characterize expected impacts
during the expected service -life of critical facilities Protect expressways, major
highways and other thoroughfares and, bridges and causeways toprovide for
continuous, free flowing traffic and circulation as needed for the effective and
unencumbered provision of emergency services and'evacuation operations
7. Provide whole community planning
Objectives------- --
7.1. . Continue to engage additional local community stakeholders to participate in
the LMSWG meetings
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Part 1:'The Strategy
7.2. Host mitigation workshops to educate stakeholders and community members
7.3. (nitrate organizational, managerial and administrative goals to make mitigation
a mainstream function of government affairs; spread the responsibilities
throughout many departments and agencies to ensure continuity and a full in-
tegration of mitigation management functions in the operations of government
7.4. Enhance public information and engagement to increase awareness of hazards
and problems and to educate through a widespread program of general infor-
mation, media coverage and participatory involvement
Mitigation Opportunities
Though some may Zink mitigation with post -disaster initiatives, opportunities to integrate
and promote mitigation are available before, during and after development and construc-
tion occurs. The following tables fist some opportunities both for pre and post disaster.
Pre -Disaster Mitigation Opportunities/Promoting Mitigation
Budget Process
(li-II years in advance•
general prgeol
24 yeas •apoolflo protect) —
Divldan Laves
(Capital Improve marrtPunda)
Include on -Capital Protect
Justification Form
New construction will be Wilt to coda —
• Determine use orfadr y (critical/essential
fundlon)
• Is this 6103 outside ofgoodprcne areas,
dimale change ddt areas, high wind areas?
• Determine If addWonal hardening measures
should be Incorporated
• Freeboard considerations
• Indailallan/elevaAon of generators
• Elevation of AD talks
• Redundant systems
• Protection of openings
• Hazard frlendy. landscaping
• Induch additional mIllgdlan measures Into
estimated budget
'Check with the Instance company to see If In eV
will provide input on howto redtce the risk and
other mitigation appodunNos
Man ft goes to
bid
l
• Include requirements/Incentvesfor
respondents to build in mitgallon meesu(ae
• Offer addgorml polite hen mitigation
measureaincorparated into (ha bid/propose!
April 2015
Man prejectls
complete
4
• Publicize mitigationproleda the oouriy hes
engaged In
• Highlight Insurance berret1Ia
• Provtde incentiveafmofntenance saving back
to Division/Department
Maintenance/Renovation !suites
(out of contingency frmda}
• Identify projects such as roof replacement/major
equipment replaoemenllandarapereplacement
• [Budget fn' addItanal mitigation measures
• Determine use of fadlly (aitloallesaerlfal (unollot)
• Is this sits outside of floodpron6 areas, Ornate change
risk ereaa, high wind areas?
• Determine If additional hardening measures should be
Incorporated
• Installallon/elevalfort of generate e
• ElevaKon of AO units
• Redundant systems
• Prateafonoropenings
• Hazard friendly lendsopIng
• Incude additlonal mitigation measures Into estimated:
budget
Expedited
pernating
• Incentive forinaarporating mitigation
measuree can be a pedfled permitting
PI-68
76
LIM
Miam9-Fade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The. Strategy
. Post -Disaster Mitigation Opportunities
'
Review of Project Worksheets
for possible 408 mitigation
funding
Is there a mitigation project that Would protect the
damaged element from future events? Passible
projects may bet
• Adding a culvartfor washed out roada
• Protmtrtg openings that have been
destroyed (not just the windows that have
been destroyed but the otherWindoWsldoors
too)
• Natjust replace a destroyed generator or A/
O but elevate too
• Not just replace landscaping With Whet was
there but with Hazard friendly landscaping
• If Natty has an essential COOP function,
consider building back b higher standards
• Double up the vapor banter
• Freeboard oonsideraUons
• (s there alike building to the damaged facility
that was not damaged this lime?
• Is there anything currently Under
conshvction/ordue to start that could be
Included (e.g„ elevate road)?
See mltlgaUon Ma(rbr fcr addlUonel opportunities
*Check With the file b sae if any -mitigation has
previously been recommended by the Insurance
company
When project Is
complete
w
• Publicize mitigation projects the county has
engaged In
• Highlightlnsurame benefits
• Provide Incenthresfinelntenence saving back
to Divlsion/Depadment
Expedited
permitting
• Incentive forincorporatng mitigation
measures can be expedited permitting
Benefits
• Ely tncreaslng 408 projects, It will
Increase the amount assigned In
HMOP money,
April 2015 P1-69
77
LMS
Miami -Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1; The Strategy
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION & VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT"
As was touched upon in the introduction to the LMS, metropolitan Miami -Dade County is
a large and diverse place and therefore vulnerable to many hazards. Each of these types
of hazard is unique and produces distinct impacts to a community. Miami -Dade County
developed a Threat and Hazard Identifcation and Risk Assessment (THIRA) that in-
cludes numerous natural, technological, crime/terrorism and public health hazards that
Miami -Dade County could experience. The 2015 THIRA was under development during
the time of the writing of the 5-year LMS update and the information contained in here is
based on the final draft of the THIRA. Each hazard was looked at in terms of a general
description, location, extent, previous occurrence and vulnerability in the THIRA. Table
2 provides a listing of all of the hazards profiled In the THIRA, including ones that are not
further analyzed for purposes of the LMS. Persons interested In seeinga complete review
of all of the hazards fisted in Table 2 may request to see the complete THIRA.
To determine which natural hazards would by included in the LMS a review of the anal-
yses from the THIRA was conducted. For purposes of thi's analysis, risk is defined as a
relative measure of the probability that a hazard event will occur in comparison to the
consequences or impacts of that event. That is, if a hazard event occurs frequently, and
has very high consequences, then that hazard is considered to pose a very high risk to
the affected communities. In comparison, if a hazard event is not expected to occur fre-
quently, and even if it. did, the consequences would be minimal, then that hazard Is con-
sidered to pose a very low risk. The determination to further consider hazards is also
based on current availableinformation including modeling that may indicate future risk.
Some hazards such as windstorms, in and of themselves have not occurred very often
nor had a high impact on the physical environment and mitigation measures that would
cover these events includemitigation that is being done for hurricanes and tropical
storms. Though we may not currently be considering a hazard for future consideration
at this time, with new information, technology or modeling we may include it at a later
time.
We have identified potential mitigation measures, as able for all of the hazards, The
Miami -Dade LMS welcomes our participating agencies to identify mitigation measures for
all hazards and not just those that the LMS focuses on. The Community Profile (de-
mographics) as developed for the 2015 THIRA is located in Part 4 Appendix I.
Though we are vulnerable to many different natural hazards, one of the reasons we spend
a lot of time talking about hurricanes and tropical storms and mitigation measures in re-
lation to them, is that though they account for only 8% of the actual number of hazard
events, they account for. 81 % of the losses, as Illustrated in Figure,1.
70 EMAP 4.4.5
April 2015 P1 -70
78
LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Figure 1: Hazard Losses from 1960-2009 In Florida"
•Ali t 4.trk,r1aaHav
it Sc,i at
Cotlir.iiiartatthinnItsAnts
4.6-0'dniY Wi1S;
.:a
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mow.
rn,...-aF 1P
t cy 7a.
Ty
FEMA also maintains 'a website entitled Mitigation Best Practices that can be utilized to
search for mitigation projects that other communities have embarked upon by hazard.
type, state and FEMA Regions. These projects also identify the funding source that may
assist local communities in finding funding for like projects.
https:/lwww.11is.dhs.gov/bestpracticeslist 12
11 Source: Natioriai Weather Service Miami presentation 2015
12 EMAP 4,4.5
April 2015 P1-71
79
LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Table 2: Analysis of All Hazards from THIRA
g,W)i'_.'Vq-441is-f"W1aM,?rt,,Iq,sWiitwa:4w1i.-5.:t,i;.ti-e.
i5-,-
WitifirWON
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WI--
Animal and
Plant Disease
X
Historically there have not been any occurrences of ma-
jor animal disease in Miami -Dade County. There have
been three new plant disease outbreaks In the last 20
years (15% probability in any one year) that have im-
pacted the agricultural communities but have not had
any Impact on the physical environment. Due to the
low occurrence and limited impact, this hazard will not
be further evaluated for the LIVI5 at this time.
•
•
For plant diseases pesticides, separatkm/diStancing, •
eradication of infected plants
Fos- animal diseases, vaccinations, vector control,
mosquito control, eradication of breeding grounds
(egstanding water), public health education
" I
•
D/Dike/
am
Levee Failure
X -
Miam!-Dade County does not have any darns or levees
on our NFIP maps. There are several water conservation
areas that have a berm of about 4feet around them that
are dry most ofthe year. Historicallithere have been no
occurrences crf dam, dike or levee failures in Miami -Dade
County. Modeling performed by Miami -Dade Public
Works and Waste Management shows that there are no
populated areas near these locations that could be neg-
atively impacted if the levees were breached. Therefore
this plan will not include a further evaluation of this haz-
ard atthis time.
•
•
.
Maintenance of structures
Rechice/minimize construction close to structures,
where possible '
Fortify structures where risks are identified
Drought
X
Historically there has been 46 drought events recorded
between 1950 and 2014 (therefore there is a 71% prob-
ability of having a drought in any one year). There there
has been no reported dollar fosses to either physical
structures or crops. This hazard Is considered further for
the LMS due to the high probability.
•
•
•
•
*
Water conservation
Public education and outreach
Regulatory fines
National Drought Mitigation Center
htto.://droughtunLedu/
Drought Resources for Miami -Dade htto://rniami-
dade.ifas.ufLeduhAteather issuesibroughtNepard-
ness.shtml i
Earthquake
X
There have been no earthquakes in Miami -Dade County.
South Florida does not have any documented faultlines.
,The USGS shows there is a 0.21.9% chance of a major
earthquake within 50 kilometers of Miami in the next 50
years. Thereforethis plan will not include a further evel-
uation of -this hazard at this time.
•
No Current Recommendations
.•,
•
-
'
April 2015
PI-72
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
AtaiSilarikS:11:-VgagathATCNEPWARWM0417-7-17.1010*-Malt:ANOWAtta
Naggiti. - , _4-.,119 =:01.7.,VV-Agie2eld-11:.-Ogg-gNIVIkriaga
Epidemic/Pan-
demic
X
There have been no instances of an epidemic only -affect-
ing Miami -Dade County.- In 2009, Miami -Dade had 38
confirmecass ofSwine d eFIu - H1N1. There were not
. recorded deaths and no impact to the physical environ-
ment. Miami -Dade has profiled this as a natural hazard,
though the State does not. Due to the limited impacts
to the physical environment this hazard will not be con-
sidered further for the LMS at this time_ •
• Public education and outreach'
• Vaccinations 1
. Fortify phaceLitical supplies
arm _
• Surveillance, monitoring and reporting mechanisms
. Quarantine/Isolation as needed
Erosion
X
•
Coastal Erosion is an continua's problem for Mfaini-
Dade County coastal beaches are the county's natural
barriers that can help protect us from the impacts of
storm surge and sea level rise. The most severe erosion
occurs in relation to hurricanes and tropical storm, from
June to November . There are 20.8 miles of beaches in
Miami -Dade County at risk for erosion and 500 parcels
that sit adjacent to the shoreline that could be at risk if
erosion became severe. This hazard is considered fur-
ther for the UVIS.
.
• Fortify beaches through renourishment
• Fortify dunes with vegetation or structuralcompo-
vents •
• Natural barriers such as mangroves and coral reefs
• Limit construction dose to coastal areas prone to
erosion .
. Limit re -development after disasters In coastal areas
prone to erosion I
e Implement/enforce building code to fOrtify struc-
tures in coastal areas I
.
.
Extreme Heat
X
There has been One extreme heat event, a heat index
above 105, between 1950 and 2014 (2% chance of oc-
currence per yea r). During the extreme heat event there
was one death but no reported damages to property or
crops_ Due to the efficient air conditioning systems of
homes in South Florida, Florida Powerand Light said that
even with high usage of A/C there Is not a surge of de-
mend for power that would cause a concern -for power
outages. Due to the low impact this hazard will not be
further considered for the LMS at this titne.
• Public Education and Outreach
• Identification, designation and opening of cooling
centers for vulnerable populations, as needed.
•
-
Flooding
X
Much of Miami -Dade County is susceptible to localized
flooding, particularly during the rainy season of June
through October_ The mean elevation of Miami -Dade
County is a relatively flat 11 feet. The County's flat ter-
• Public education and outreach on FEMA Flood Zones,
storrn surge planning zones and general flood risks.
• Education on Flood Insurance • •
. Participation In N rip and CRS - •
• Drainage projects to address RL and SRL areas
April 2015
P1-73
.LMS
rni-thavie
The A/Rooth-Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
k.figarows.:54.i--riih-elOirsa--ew-kliaraziogiiiiiigiftrrigzv:::-
kg,:c*VA4yi "PW1.4.WA
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P"Ag1::;%1233,4-'01:7;::?G`4SQ-6,.. .,-:,
7 ---4-g-RigigeW45,,A_Mgaglipirrivrirea ''''
-..,- im.:-.-Z4-74.-K:14::.;ir,X5--i:W-,,,,,,'-u-'.e- •,.-2-gt, -a ,
gRara. P-M=.1-MtraTedr—:,.'451.K.ifi.i.-..1M7.5-ii--MIAVI:.:
v-gailarlEfell.frelen-Mrtglfgeorm-Amizimertamiaggis-Mie-Mnig
.
rain causes eictensive "pending' due to the lack of eleva-
tion gradients to facilitate "run-off". Of Miami-Dade's
1,2s0,287 acres, 44.62% of that is within the flood plain
(557,871 acres). There have been 7 recorded flood
events and 25 flash -flood events since 1950, giving a 50%
chance of flooding occurrence every year. Localized
flooding and pending occurs frequently during the rainy.
season. Property damages of over $540M and crop
damages of over $713M have been recoded from flood-
ing for incidents from 1950-2014. This hazard is consld-
ered further for the LMS.
• Freeboard requirements for elevation of structures
above BFE 1
• Monitoring and coordination for maintenance and
mitigation projects along canal areas i 1
• monitoring and maintenance of stormdrainsi
• Design for larger storrndrains
1 '
• Swale and open space protection •
. Participation in the development of FEMA FIRM
maps to help identify et risk areas and areas that
have been mitigated . i
Hall
•
•
X
There has been an increase in hail activity since the
1980s in Miami -Dade. Between 1980 and 1989 there
were 27 reported hail events in Miami -Dade (average of
2.7 events/year). This was followed by a slight decrease
between 1990 and 1999 with only 20 events (average 2
events/year), however between 2000 and 2009 that
number more than quadrupled to 85 events (average 8.5
events/year). Between 2010 and 2014, there were al-
ready 46 events (average 9.2 events/year). The only re-
ported damage associated with hail was for about $3K,
but this was more likely due to a tree limb that had fallen
on a carduring the same event. Due to the low impacts
of this hazard it will not be considered further for the
LMS at this time.
• Alert and notification of public to seek safet inside
• No other current recommendations
•
-
.
Hurricane/
Tropical Storm
X
•
Miami -Dade is very vulnerable and has a 1 in 6 (17%)
chance per year of getting impacted by a tropical storm
or hurricane_ Due to the high impacts this hazard is fur-
ther considered for the LMS.
• Public education and outreach
• Designation of storm surge risk areas
• Supportive services (evacuation and sheltering) for at
risk populations .
• Hardened facilities for use as evacuation centers
• See also recommendations under winds and floods.
Landslides _
X
Due to Miarni-Dade's low average elevation, landslides
are not likely to occur. There have been no reported
• No current recommendations
April 2Q-15
P-1-74
LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation. Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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landslides in Miami -Dade. Duet° the low probability and
low risk this hazard is not further considered forthe LMS_
1
Lightning
•
X
From 1950 — 2014 there were 51 reported lightning
events in Miami -Dade County for a 78% chance of a
lighting event occurring every year. Though the probe-
bility is high the recorded impacts of these events is low
with the highest single impact being about $50K for an
incident at Miami International Airportthat caused dam-
ages to the runway and several commercial aircraft. Due
to the low Impact of this hazard it will not be considered
further for the LMS at this time.
• Surge protection for electrical, computer and phone
systems 1
. Lightning detection and warning devices
• Public education and outreach
Saltwater lntru-
sion
.
X
•
.
'
Saltwater intrusion is an continuous problem that has
been occurring every since the Everglades were drained
to provide dry land for urban development and agricul-
ture. Long periods of drought and storm surge inunda-
ton are hazards that have been attributed -to increases
in saltwater intrusion. It poses a threat to the drinking
water supply and requires close coordination of local
agencies to continuously monitor intrusion, determine
appropriate pumping rates and the coordination with
South Florida Water Management District for rnainte-
nance of ground water levels . This hazard is included in
the LMS for further consideration.
• Continue practices of monitoring levels, gauging
pumping levels and determining future impatts and
need for deeper wells
'
.
Sea Level Rise
X
Sea level rise is likely to increase coastal flooding during
high tides and storm surge events. Sea level rise will
likely impact the ability ofthe canals and low lying areas
to drain standing water after rainfall events and impact
the ground water elevation. Gravity based outfalls that
fie below sea level will be impacted and as has been seen
will allow salt water toflow up through the outfali sys-
tern into the streets in several local communities.
It is estimated that the total number of acres within Ur-
ban Miami -Dade to be impacted by sea level risefor a 1
foot scenario is 121,372 acres (12%), for 2 foot 150,142
. Designation of Adaptation Actionikreas
. Additional modeling/mapping to deterrnine areas at
risk
• Build with sea level rise considerations to increase
future resiliency as determined by the useful!
lifespan of a project
. Minimize development in future risk areas
April 2015
P1-75
MS
Miami - Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy .
Part 1: The Strategy
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•
,
acres (16%) and for The 3 foot scenario it could~ be
168,896 acres (18%) of the county.
This hazard is included in the LMS for additional consid-
eration.
-
Severe Storm
X
From 1950-2014 there have been 313 occurrences of se-
vere storms in Miami -Dade, averaging about five occur-
rences per year. Over $6M in damages have been rec-
orded during that time. Due to the high probability and
impact, this hazard is further considered in the LMS.
• Practices to mitigate against hurricanes are also ap-
plicable to severe storms. :
• Also see recommendations under floods
• Review Model Storm analyses and identify mitiga-
tion initiatives for the hardest impacted areas
• Track heavy rain and subsequent flooding to identify
areas for potential mitigation measures '
Sinkholes
. X
.
-
There is no official record of all sinkholes In Miami -Dade.
The Florida Geological Survey maintains a database of all
"subsidence incidents," however this only includes
events that have been officially reported and includes
many events that are not sinkholes. Between 1948 &
2014, only one subsidence intident was reported in Mi-
ami -Dade to the Florida Geological Survey. Within the
State of Florida for insurance claims, Miami -Dade County
represented 1.45% of all sinkhole claims between 2006
and 2009. In 1973 a sinkhole recorded bythe Florida Ge-
ological Survey measured three feet by three feet in Mi-
ami-Dade County, most reported instances are small in
extent and have not significantly impacted the built en-
vironment Additional instances of sinkholes claims have
been reported through insurance claim reporting data
but the, magnitude of each respective claim was not
made available. Due to the low impact of this hazard it
is not considered further for the LMS at this time.
• Assessment hardening and replacement of aging in -
frastructure. • -
•
•
April 2015
P1-76
LMS _ _
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Sfrategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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-,..;04-4 01:54.VeraffM1,MaraffaWa OM
Space
-
X
There have been no space weather events specific to
Miami -Dade County that have caused interference with
technological components of communication or electri-
cal systems. Due to the Iow probability of this hazard it
is not considered further for the LMS at this time.
• Identifying redundant or alternate systems in case of
outages. 1
• Hardening of Cl/KR ;
* I
• '
Tornado
X
There have been 125 occurrences of tornadoes in Mi-
ami-Dade County from 1950-2014, averaging about 2
times a year. Recorded damages from tornadoes for
property exceeds $202M. Due to the high probability
and high impact, this hazard is included In the LMS for
further consideration.
• Hardening of structures_
• Identification of safe rooms and structures. Follow
FEMA Safe Room Guidance.
. Increased public awareness
. Signing up for existing alert and notification Systems.
;
Tsunami
X
There have been no tsunamis every occurring in Miami-
Da de County. The risk of a tsunami striking Florida is con-
sidered to be relatively Iow by the National Oceano-
graphic and AtmosphericAdrninistration. Due to the Iow
probability of this hazard it will not be considered further
at this time_
• Education for risk can be also tied to coastal Commu-
ities currently at riskfor Storm Surge.
_
.
Volcano _
(Ash/Dust)
• _
X
There are no volcanoes in Miami -Dade County and no
recorded impacts to the physical environment from vol-
canoes_ Due to our distance to any volcanoes there is no
projected impact. The biggest concern in relation to an
active volcano outside of our area would be volcanic ash
that may be carried by trade winds that couici limit avia-
lion operations or possible compromise the air quality.
There are no expected impacts to physical infrastruc-
ture_ Due to the low probability and low impacts, this
hazard will not be considered furtherfor the LMS at this
time..
• Implementation of Sheltering In Place as identified in
the Miami -Dade All Hazards Protective Measures
Plan_ .
•
•
Wildfires
X
There have been 13 wildfires recorded from 1950-2614,
giving a 20% chance of a wildfire occurring every year..
Though historically there has not been a high impact on
property about $180K on record it is estimated that
about 613,453 people or 25% of our area population live
• Prescribed burning programs_
• Cutting brush or other fuel away from structUres.
. Follow National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Firewise Communities Program
April 2015
P1-77
LMS
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
',..1t1,-.171,.... 1-1-.„.S.,11,111,`,4
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. ..r, ....--r—W"...1,..e. C.,..1,..tt•Mns,-,÷'F. .,-,-,-,,...,-..r., $ • ri..1.-rwt;e5•4•;:r.1,.-.77,-*,--
- 5.1,9,91PCROIONalfgpii..64:gic ,p,e0t.trh:,;44,...k.„
.. ..4.Ta-retp••;:b4:4,i•-:W5.sPIV44-et:::•.,_-,„c>.4y...,--..4gs,-;f011?
..-'F‘r!r.ez,-- u'a.:=av•-.7W.,,-.^.4.11,1-7,vimi.77,—:-., ..r., -...., ., ,,,.
• rtigatioMvieas OA ,00,1*.a.,,,-5-%= ,c,4„,„...;.,vik..„ , , ,*
,3-e" -'7'771.9,91M,.......-.., .,5-44*--,th.-44' 'fiT.45.11Fx•or-,?4-rrig?:•q-eV.ig,
- : .,-,-... ..02416gAp:g.-r, tkrtieggr' ._ttlib.w.,..05,u.,1,-.4.0.4.,m,
Ia'ti-TfiTNMV;fngrek7--SlgNigPSRSSPSMtgKggWWW-TgRVISMWR'tzltigM5R;g-rA-Nfrafffegr:k,WiN-7;11M.-Fil----.7-it
within the \Midland Urban interface and could be at risk.
This hazard is included for further consideration in the
LMS.
• Roles in Fire -Adapted Communities •
http://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/Pdfipublica-
tionsffire adapted communities.pdf
•
Windstorms
•
X
There were 10 high wind and 2 strong wind events on
record from 1950 to 2014, giving an 18% chance of an
event occurring every year. Recorded property dam-
ages total about $18K. Mitigation strategies that ad-
dress tropical storms and hurricanes would also help
protect the Wilt environment from high wind events.
Duet° the low impact of these events, this hazard will
not be considered further for the LMS at this time.
. Building opening and glazing prOtectiOn_ i
• Hardening of roofstructures.
• Securing roof top eqUipment. '
• '
• 1
'
,
Winter Storm
.
•
X
There have been 25 occurrences of winter storm related
events from 1950-2014, giving about a 40% chance of an
event occurring ip any given year. Though there has not -
been any recorded property damages, there has been
over $300M in crop damages during these events. Dur-
ing these events, a demand for electricity will increase
and many homes in South Florida do not have efficient
heating systems, unlike their air conditioning systems,
and therefore the demand on electricity can be much
higher. This hazard is included in the LMS for further
consideration.
• Identification, designation, construction!of cold
weather shelters for homeless and other vulnerable
populations, and opening of the same during cold
weather events.
• Public education and outreach .
. Agriculture Extension works with local growers for
educational material for mitigation of crop lOsses_
http://mlami-dade.ifas.ufl.edu/weather is-!
sues/cold%20preparedness5html
April 2015
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Miami -Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
•The following non -natural hazards are included in the THIRA and we have included suggested mitigation measures, but
they are not currently further considered in the LMS.
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. � `-.:•%,.^./ �;� . �'i:' - .::�: �a.�.l..nf.-:h�.a::i-,: z�3
:.a�fs`•_M �G ax.�.._ Jy^.:1">.c„^/sc�• 1 �1'!'_i.�...�.::.s:'?;� .,.(• '.C..fC,:,c=' ';t4i ,r"Y.i.f_t.h'=?.:�. Ss�5,7=$����':
'Coastal Oil Spill
• Vessel inspections
•. -Compliance with safety regulations
Electric Utility Failure
•
• Emergency Generators
• Alternate energy sources
• Hardened utility lines and structures
Emergency Evacuation and Assistance Program run by the OEM to assist vulnerable populations
• Public Outreach and Education
Hazardous Materials Release
• Regular onsfte inspections of hazardous materials facilities
• Hardening of facilities with hazardous materials
• Emergency shut off valves
• Public Outreach and Education
• Implementation of All Hazards Protective Measures Plan '
Nuclear Power Plant Release
• Hardened facilities
• Public Education, Outreach and Alert and Notification process
• Protective Actions to shut down facility
• Turkey Point Response Plan and annual exercises •
Structural Fire
'
• Fire suppression safety systems •
• Alert and notification systems
• Regular Fire Drills and Inspections
Transportation Incident (Le. Highway
and/or Rail Incident)
• Inspection and maintenance of transportation corridors '
• Building infrastructure to future risk and capacity needs
• Inspection -and maintenance of trains, planes, automobiles and vessels
water wastewater Incident
• Inspection and maintenance of infrastructure
• Building infrastructure to future risk and capacity needs
-rr•5cv.�.*YGp• _�.,�.N.-?:^--"rs ';:?:•.�'_i� .-'
<r i ;,
.Hti{nan,�tt3ed;�lazar�s;a��<"�r`cult.:�.rs'�..T.��R�.�Tr.'��'�%�'`v-.:1�:'s::1�-
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- _ ' :Y "y<`: -:5 xN:, .o r:� f .m , "�'a � "' o:"i,,, >'.;=s. }F_: r ly;i, ,-Sic , .
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Active Shooter
• See Something, Say Something campaign
• Security "screening procedures
••
Civil Disturbance/ Civil Unrest
.
Intel gathering and sharing
• Community gathering points to allow for peaceful demonstrations
• Public Outreach and Education
• Increased law enforcement presence as a deterrence
ElectroMagnetic Pulse
• Shielding
April•2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
•
Backup systems for communications and power '
' Surge protection
•
Follow Public Health guidelines
Food Borne Illness Incident
•
Reporting systems
Mass Migration
•
Intel gathering and sharing
•
Surveillance and reporting
•
Follow Public Health guidance
Terroorimsm—Biological (Category A, B
•
Personal Protective Equipment
and C Agents)
•
All Hazards Protective Measures Plan — implementation of Isolation/Quarantine
•
Public Education and Outreach
•
Intel gathering and sharing
Terrorism -Chemical
•
See Something say Something campaign
•
Surveillance/monitoring of Cl/KR sites
•
Intel gathering and sharing
_
•
Security procedures and passwords
Terrorism —Cyber . -
•
Flrewalls
•
Tamper proof infrastructure
•
Surveillance/monitoring of Cl/KR sites
Terrorism — Explosive
•
A
Protective barriers (bollards, cement barriers, bullet proof glass, metal/chemical detection)
•
Surveillance/monitoring of Cl/KR sites
e
Intel gathering and sharing
Terrorism —Radiological
•
see Something. Sav Something campaign •
•
Intel gathering and sharing
•
See Something-, Say Something campaign •
Terrorism -Small Arms
•
Surveillance/monitoring of CIJKR sites
•
Security screening procedures
April 2016
P1-•80
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Drought
Description'
A drought is' characterized as an extended period of time with persistent dry weather
conditions in a geographic area that typically has rain fall. A. drought can however be
defined in several different ways depending on the geographical region and situation:
• Meteorological drought: When the normal level of precipitation has a significant
measurable drop,
• Agricultural drought When the level of soil moisture drops below the suitable range
for agricultural growth.
• Hydrological drought: When the surface water and underground water supply falls
below normal.
• Socioeconomic drought: When water shortages seriously Interferes with human
activity.
The Palmer Index, developed by Wayne Palmer In the 1960s, uses temperature and
rainfall informationto formulate dryness. It has become the semi-official drought index.
The index is effective in determining long term drought conditions of several months.
The Index sets normal conditions at 0 with drought conditions in negative values, The
index can also be reversed showing the excess of precipitation where the normal condi-
tions at 0 and positive values for amount of rainfall. Theadvantage of the Palmer Index.
is that it is standardized to local climate, so it can be applied to any part of the country to
demonstrate relative drought or rainfall conditions.
NATIONAL INTEGRATED DROUGHT INFORMATION SYSTEM
ALERTS FOR. DROUGHTS
•
= -Alert ::
_ '
. .
Criteria
Palmer
Draught In-:',
,,`dex
DO.Al7nor-
malty Dry.
Going Into drought: short-term dryness slowing planting, growth of crops
or pastures. Coming out of drought: some lingering water deficits; pas-
tures or crops not fully recovered.
-1.0 to -1.9
DI Moderate
Drought
Some damage to crops, pastures, streams, reservoirs, or wells low, some
water shortages, developing or imminent, and voluntary water -use re-
strlctlons requested.
-2.0 to -2.9
• D2 Severe •
Drought
Crop or pasture losses are likely, water shortages common and water re-
strlctlons imposed.
_3,0 to -3.9
D3 Extreme
Drought.
Major crop and pasture losses with widespread water shortages or re- .
strictions. ,•
-4,0 to -4.9
D4 6xcep-
tonal
Drought
Exceptional and widespread crop and pasture Toss, shortages of water in
reservoirs, streams, and wells creating water emergencies.
-5,Q or less
Source: U,S, Drought MonitorCfasslfioetion Scheme, from the United States DroughtMonitor
April 2015
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Miami-iaade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Location
The entire County is vulnerable to drought conditions..
Extent •
D4 on the Palmer Drought Scale.
impact
The Drought Center reports that the direct impacts: of a drought can Include reduced crop
productivity; increased fire hazards; reduced water levels; increased wildlife mortality
rates; damage to wildlife and fish habitat; increased problems with insects and diseases
to plants and trees; and reduced growth, indirect results can lead to financial hardships
for farmers and "increased prices for food and timber, unemployment, reduced tax reve-
nues because of reduced expenditures, Increased crime, foreclosures on bank loans to
farmers and businesses, migration, and disaster relief programs." During times .of
drought, crop irrigation can lower the water table, exposing it to salt water .(please see the
Salt Water Intrusion section for more information). Water restrictions were put in place
for Miami -Dade County that impacted both residential and agricultural communities. No
definitive dollar amounts of damages were found during a review of the literature,
Previous Occurrences
2013 — 2014 — No occurrences
March — early April, 2012 - Very dry conditions continued into early April over ail of Flor-
ida. There were no reported damages. Ground water levels led to the continuation of
severe drought conditions.
January - August 2011 - Rainfall totals in January were near to below normal over most
of southeast Florida. This resulted in the expansion of severe drought (D2) conditions
over inland sections of Miami -Dade counties. Rainfall deficits since October over these
areas ranged anywhere from 8 to 11 inches. Most wells across the area were running at.
around 10 percent of normal water levels. The level of Lake Okeechobee remained
steady at about 12.5 feet,which is 2.2 feet below normal. The Keetch-Byram Drought
Index (KBDI) was in the 500 to 600 range, which reflects a high fire danger and low soil
moisture values.
February was a very dry month over south Florida as high pressure dominated the re-
glon's weather pattern. Over most of Miami -Dade February rainfall totals were Tess than
a tenth of an inch. As a result, February 2011 was. among the top 10 driest Februaries on
record at Miami and Miami Beach. This (ed to severe drought conditions aver most of
South Florida, with extreme drought conditions over portions of the southeast coast.
The level of Lake Okeechobee fell about a half -foot during February, from around 12,5
feet to near 12 feet. Forestry officials reported double the number of wildfires during the
winter months of 2010-2011 compared to the previous year. The period of October 2010
April 2015 P1-82 •
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- The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
to February 2011 was the driest on record in the 80-year history of the South Florida
Water Management Districts records.
Conditions remained dry and by the end of May, most of southern Florida was in an ex-
treme (D3) drought status, except for an area of exceptional (D4) drought over eastern
Palm Beach and Broward counties. This is the first time in well over a decade that any
part of south Florida has been designated as being under exceptional drought conditions.
June continued the streak of below normal rainfall over most of South Florida, Little rain
fell during the first 10 days of the month, with the rainy season not starting until around
June 8th. Almost ail the rain across the area fell in the last 2 weeks of the months, Total
rainfall were only in the 2 to 4 inch range over the east coast metro areas as well as. the
Gulf coast areas. Miami Beach recorded its driest June on record with only 1.15 Inches
of rain. Inland areas of South Florida received about 6 to 8 inches, with isolated 9 to 11
inch amounts south and west of Lake Okeechobee.
The level of Lake Okeechobee dropped from around 10 feet at the beginning of June to
a minimum of around 9.6 feet in late June before recovering by the end of the month.
Wells and underground reservoirs remained at the lowest 10 percent of normal levels.
Exceptional (D4) 'drought conditions extended over Most of Paim Beach and Broward
counties as well as far northern Miami -Dade County, Extreme (D3) drought conditions
extended all the way to the southwest Florida coast of Collier County, with severe (D2)
drought conditions elsewhere over South Florida. Several wildfires broke out over South
Florida in June, including a large wildfire in the Everglades of Miami -Dade County near
the Miccosukee Resort and several wildfires in north -central Palm Beach County and
eastern Collier County. July and August brought much needed rains, Overall, rainfall
averaged nearto above average over most areas, leading to gradually improving drought
conditions, Lake Okeechobee remained aver 3 feet below the normal level for this time
of year. Underground water levels remained below normal over much of south Florida,
especially over the metro east coast sections.13 No data was available to determine the
economic impacts of this event,
Source: National Oceanic end Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Date Center, Storm !:vents Database
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
Drought is not anticipated to have any Impact on the built environment (Critical Infrastrucr
ture, Key Resources, and Building Stock). It may cause economic losses to agriculture
and aquaculture due to loss of crops or water restrictions that inhibit normal operations.
Crops most vulnerable to drought are the ones that are grown during the winter months,
our dry season, and harvested in the spring months including cantaloupe, carambola,
celery, cucumbers, dragon fruit, eggplant, fennel, guava, greenbeens, herbs, jackfruit,
i3 Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, Storm Events Database
April 2015 P1-83
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Part 1: The Strategy
longan, lychee, mushrooms, onions, papaya, passion fruit, plantains, radishes, sapodilla,
spinach, squash, strawberries, sweetcorn, thyme, tomatoes and zucchini.
Social Vulnerabilities
This hazard may impact persons employed by the agricultural -community including mi-
grant farm workers. in terms of the general population, itdoes not tend to affect. one
population over another, however the social vulnerability section should be reviewed for
more information on how these types of circumstances may affect populations differently.
Erosion
Description
Erosion is the wearing away of land or the removal of beach or dune sediments by wave
action, tidal currents, wave currents, or drainage; the wearing away of land by the action
of natural forces; on a beach, the carrying away of beach material by wave action, tidal
currents, littoral currents or by deflation. Waves generated by storms cause coastal ero-
sion, which may take the form of long-term losses of sediment and rocks, or merely in the
temporary redistribution of coastal sediments. Riverine and canal erosion are minimal
within Miami -Dade County and will not be further analyzed. Coastal erosion is of greater
concern and is expanded upon below. Longshore currents move water in a direction par-
allel to the. shoreline. Sand is moved parallel to most beaches in Florida by longshore drift
and currents. Ideally the movement of sand functions like a balanced budget. Sand is
continually removed by longshore currents In some areas but it is also continually re-
placed by sand carried in by the same type of currents. Structures such as piers or sea
waits, jetties, and navigational inlets may interrupt the movement of sand. Sand can be-
come "trapped" in one place by these types of structures. The currents will, of course,
continue to flow, though depleted of sand trapped elsewhere. With significant amounts of
sand trapped in the system, the continuing motion of currents (now deficient in sand)
results in erosion. In this way, human construction activities that result in the unnatural
trapping of sand have the potential to result in significant coastal erosion.
Beach Erosion Beach erosion occurs when waves and currents remove sand from the
beach system. The narrowing of the beach threatens coastal properties and tourism rev-
enue in coastal counties throughout the United States.
Dune Erosion Dune erosion occurs when 'waves attack the front face of the sand dune,
reducing the volume and elevation of the dune. Erosion of the sand d.une leaves coastal
properties more vulnerable to future storms.
Overwash When waves exceed the elevation of the dune, sand is transported across
island in a process known as overwash. When overwash occurs, it often results in signif-
icant damage to coastal property.
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy -
Part 1: The Strategy
Inundation and island Breaching
Inundation occurs when the beach.
system, or the sandy profile located
between the most seaward (primary)
dune and the shoreline, is completely
submerged under the rising • storm
surge. Strong currents may carve a
channel in the island in a process
known as island breaching.
Location
The coastal areas indicated In the
map are at highest risk for coastal
erosion.
Extent
25,000 cubic yards of sand.
Impact
Miami -Dade beaches provide storm
surge protection and coastal erosion
can diminish this natural buffer. Sea
turtles can also be impacted as their
nesting grounds may be impacted
and the beaches are a big draw for
tourism. Miami-Dade's shoreline is
highly developed with an estimated
beachfront value in excess of $13.5 billon, not including infrastructure.
Previous Occurrences
Coastal erosion has been occurring for years, the first study was done in 1930 and a
restudy was done in 1961. As a result, from 1975-1982 the US.Army Corps of Engineers
implemented the Miami -Dade County Beach Erosion control and Hurricane Surge Pro-
tection, project that cost about $48 Million. It Is estimated for every $1 that is invested in
beach nourishment that there is a return of .about $700 foreign, primarily tourism impacts.
In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy, never made landfall, but paralleled the coast causing
coastal erosion with reports of waves up to 10 feet in Miami -Dade. There was no Presi-
dential Declaration for damages within Miami -Dade. 14 Hurricane Sandy in 2012 was
estimated to cause over $2M in damages to beaches including the following:
• Miami Beach 26th-29th.Street — approximately 10,000 cubic yards
• Miami Beach 44th -461 Street —approximately 2,500 cubic yards
• Miami Beach 53rd -- 56th Street — approximately 3,000 cublc yards
14 Miami -Dade County EOC Activation Archive
April 2015 P 1-85
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
• Miami Beach 63rd — 66th Street — approximately 5,000 cubic yards
• Bal Harbour 996 0103 Street —approximately 2,6o0cublcyards
• Key Biscayne unknown cubic yards estimated at $1.2 Mr5
Hurricane Wilma in 2005 caused in general only minor. beach (Con-
dition 1) erosion to the majority of beaches in Miami -Dade but dune
erosion (Condition II) occurred at the Bill Beggs Cape Florida State
Park. " Picture at right shows damage to Bill Baggs. No major struc-
tural damage was observed seaward of the coastal construction con-
trol line or within the coastal building zone, The majority of the damage
near the coast occurred north of Bakers Haulover Inlet. At Cape Florida, a concrete sea-
wall and rock revetment sustained level three damage
Hurricane Rita in 200.5 caused only minor beach erosion (Condition 1) north of Govern-
ment Cut from Miami Beach to Broward County. Virginia Key also had minor beach ero-
sion (Condition I) but also experienced overtopping, resulting in a wash over deposit of
sand. Portions of Key Biscayne experience moderate beach and dune erosion (Condition
iII) and south of Sonesta Beach Resort had minor dune erosion (Condition Ii). No struc-
tural damages were sustained along the Miami -Dade County coast seaward of the
Coastal Construction Control Line (CCCL) or within the Coastal Building Zone (CBZ) dur-.
ing the passage of Hurricane Rita.
Hurricane Katrina in 2005- caused minor beach erosion (Condition I) to the northern
beaches in Miami -Dade. No structural damages were sustained along the Dade County
coast seaward of the coastal construction control line or within the coastal building zone;
however, a number of single-family dwellings were flooded on Key Biscayne forcing their
evacuation.
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The entire built environment (Critical infrastructure, Key Resources, Building Stock) and
natural environment (beaches) are vulnerable to erosion primarily along coastal areas
according to a GIS analysis there are approximately 500 parcels in the property appraiser
database that intersect with the Coastal Construction Line. Though the beaches have
been fortified over the years and are much' wider than they used to be (see pictures),
constant erosion could put structures. In these areas at risk. The map to the right shows
the status of erosion classifications for Miami -Dade County's coastal areas. Severe ero-
sion can exacerbate storm surge inundation by minimizing the protection offered by
beaches and seawalls as they are compromised. Structures such as boardwalks or piers
that are have pilings in coastal areas may suffer collapse or complete destruction.
Beaches in Miami -Dade such as South Beach and Biscayne National Park are cited as
15 Miami — Dade Emergency Operations Center Damages
Report
Z;ldrida Department of Environmental. Protection Post -
Storm Reports
April 2015 P1 -86
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Miarni-Pie Part 1; The Strategy
the number one reason tourists come to Miami -Dade, whIch.is estimated at about $18.5
B annually.
There are two piers in Miami -Dade County
that extends into • the Atlantic Ocean and
Government Cut, they are the Newport
Beach Fishing Pier in Sunny Isles Beach
and the South Pointe Pier in Miami Beach'
The Newport Beach Pier was rebuilt and re-
opened in 2013 after being destroyed by
Hurricane Wilma in 2005 and the South
Point Pier was rebuilt and reopened in 2014
after being closed in 2004 due to deteriora-
tion,
Social Vulnerabilities
This hazard does not tend to affect one
population over another.
Flooding
Description
Flooding is an overflowing of water onto
land that is normally dry. It can happen dur-
ing heavy rains, when ocean waves come
onshore, and when regular drainage capa-
bilities are compromised. Flooding may happen with only a few inches of water, or it may
happen with several feet of water. Flooding can affect many different communities cover-
ing several states during a single flooding event. Sunny day flooding and tidal flooding
are discussed in the Sea Level Rise section.
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TABLE 6A.8 COMMON FLOOD TYPES
:Gategor
• _< Criteria .. = — -
River or
Canal
over -
ban k
bank •
Flooding
When water levels rise In a river due to excessive rain from tropical systems making landfall,
persistent thunderstbrms•over the same area for extended periods of time.
• _
Ponding •
:from
"
•
When•water levels rise In a land locked area, lake or detention basin due to excessive rain
tropical systems making landfall, persistent thunderstorms over the same area for ex-
tended periods of time. In South Florida, some of the severe localized thunderstorms fre-
quently exceed.3 inches/h, exhausting the storage and infiltration capacity of the drainage
system..
April 2015
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mktraf-Red.
Coastal
Flooding
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part I, The Strategy •
When a hurricane, tropical storm, or tropical depression produces a deadly storm surge that
overwhelms coastal areas as ft makes landfall. Storm surge is water pushed on shore by the
force of the winds swirling around the storm. This advancing surge combihes with the nor-
mal tides to create the hurricane storm tide, which can increase the average water level 15
feet or more. The greatest natural disaster in the United States, in terms of loss of life, was
causedby a storm surge and associated coastal flooding from the great Galveston, Texas,
hurricane of 1900. At least 8,000 people lost their lives.
Inland or
Riverine
Flooding
Flash
Flooding
When tropical cyclones move inland, they are typically accompanied by torrential rain. If the
decaying storm moves slowly over land, It can produce rainfall amounts of 20 to 40 inches
over several days. Widespread flash flooding and river flooding can result. In the 1970s,'80s,
and'90s, Inland flooding was responsible for more than half of the deaths associated with
tropical cyclones in the United States, The state of Florida has nearly 121,000 census blocks
potentially threatened by riverine flooding, translating to nearly $880 billion in property. •
A rapid rise of water along a stream or low-lying urban area. Flash flooding occurs within six
hours of a significant rain event and Is usually caused by Intense storms that.produce heavy
rainfall In a short amount of time. Excessive rainfall that causes rivers and streams to swell
rapidly and overflow their banks is frequently associated with hurricanes and tropical
storms, large clusters of thunderstorms, supercells, or squall fines, Other types of flash
floods can occur from dam or levee failures.
Source: National Weather Service
Location
Much of Miami -Dade County is susceptible to localized flooding, ;particularly during the
rainy season of June through October, see the map on next page. One area in particular
experiences flooding on a regular basis. Known as the 8'/% square mile area, it is located
west of the L-31 N Levee, between SW 104th-Street on the north and SW 168th Street on
the south. The mean elevation of Miami -Dade County is a relatively flat 11 feet, The
County's flat terrain causes extensive "ponding' due to the lack of elevation gradients to
facilitate "run-off'. Of Miami-Dade's 1,250,287 acres, 44.62% of that is within the flood
plain (557,871 acres). Our community is interlaced with an intricate system of canals that
play an integral role in =our groundwater saturation levels. When the levels are too high
or the canal structures cannot be opened this can lead to localized flooding during rain
events. Agricultural interests can be impacted by levels that are too high or too low. If
the control structures release the fresh water at a rapid rate this can also lead to environ-
mental concerns where the fresh water is released. When the control structures fail or
are damaged andcannot be operated, alleviation of the any localized flooding may re-
' quire pumping until the canal structures can be re -opened or fixed. inability to be able to
close the salinity structures within the canals could also increase the riskof salt water
intrusion during high tide and storm surge. Part 7 of the LMS provide greater detail as
to the canal system within the county and the relation to drainage basins.
April 2015 P 1-88
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy - —
Part 1: The Strategy
i=LQ.CO.PRONE me4.
.q g$.li~teD a To;OF •tti
FL000.:aOMPLAt1 ' '.R PORTED.TO.THE 311':$ STEM
:Tyke otrie 11t1g
Inkutft
PtWino
Extent
Two feet of flooding.
Impact
In 1999 and 2000 Miami Dade experienced two major flooding incidents, Hurricane Irene
and the "No Name Storm". The damages from the 1999 storm were reported as $100 M
in property and $200M in crop damages and the 2000 storm caused $440M in property
April 2015 P1-89
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The Miami -Dade -Local Mitigation Strategy
Mien# -Dade Part 1: The Strategy
Li'
damage and $500 M in crop damages.17 Though the flooding in this area was not directly
attributed to a failure of the canal system, it was acknowiedged that the original. drainage
system for the Tamiami Canal Basin was not designed to accommodate the population
that resided in that area and the water managers recognized a need for major system
improvements. A $42 million multi -phase project that included a 900-acre emergency
detention basin, and the S-2513 Forward Pump Station and S-26 Pump Station and dredg-
ing project. This project improved flood protection for 500,000 residents and to 5.,000
homes and businesses. 18
After Hurricane Irene, 1999,.areas of Miami Dade had standing water for long periods. of
time as is reflected in the .following chart.19
�.iqe!dl2`.h..,.>yYy3u- =: „SIi::.. ., l,L2 � ; �n '..=:-'4f;�
..0 ,,i'01.si Z- ' % a'1liY.",d"u".
s„- .::a,,4._l'':1 ,
k- •�o.',a�tn��tl1- 9
PM ;[knr'
,pe,.a gOktdi
.y •.j(.ni:ah'eb.�•",v,i+>a:..�,w+iLW�
: ll4M1ti..:L1�k
t,,,r.tt:`'>„.� gili
._..11. 4w,
Vd1.st(Saf=cl(k�. kelt?•`d`.r4.ig)
tgi7c%4ntt—
ghe!,ate n, 1 Ret nAtL
East Everglades
2feet
Impassable roads and
minimal home Intrusion
1month
Sweetwater
2 feet •
Impassable roads and ex-
tensive home intrusion
1 week
West Miami
18 inches
Impassable roads and ex-
tensive home intrusion
2 weeks
Homestead (near Harris
Field}'
2 feet
Impassable roads and
some home Intrusion
1 week
NW 127 Avenue between
Tarniaml canal and NW 86
Street
1 foot
Impassable roads
2 weeks
NW 97 Avenue between
25a' Street and 30`h Street
(Vanderbilt Park)
1-2 feet
Severe home intrusion
1 week
NW 41 Street west of the
Turnpike
2 feet
impassable roads
2 weeks
Previous Occurrences
October 20, 2014, localized flooding and rainfall amounts of 4 to 7inches were measured
in the south Miami -Dade County communities of Cutter Bay and Palmetto Bay. No addi-
tional data was available on this event.
June 18, 2d13 Persistent heavy rains from slow moving showers and thunderstorms
produced an isolated area of flash flooding near the Falls Shopping Mall in Miami -Dade
17 Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, Storm Events
Database
18 South Florida Water Management District Tamiami Canal (C-4) Flood Protection Project, July 2008.
June 16, 2012 -
19 Miami -Dade Emergency Operations Center Activation Archives, After Action Report Hurricane Irene
April 2015
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L-- — — — — — — — The -Miami -Dade -Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
County during the late afternoon and early evening. Measured rainfall amounts were in
the range of 7 to 10 inches In the matter .of just a few hours. The first report of flooding
was received at 5;10 PM EDT with streets nearly impassable and the Falls parking lot
almost completely under water. Several cars were also reported to have been flooded.
Water entered structures in the Village at the Falls Condo development with the Oak
Ridge Residential Community also reporting water intrusion into a vehicle which caused
a total Toss of the car. Estimated damages $5K.
June 7, 2013 - Severe flooding from a nearly stationary thunderstorm across the north-
east portion of Miami -Dade County extending northward into the. Hollywood area of south-
east Broward County. Over 50 vehicles were reported as being stranded in impassable
roads in Aventura and additional roads had similar problems in North Miami and Golden
.Beach, A South Florida Water Management District rain gauge recorded 13.15 inches of
rain in North Miami Beach at 5:53 PM EDT with storm total at the same gauge by 9 PM
EDT recording 13.94 inches. Other rainfall reports received were 11.71 inches at the FIU
Biscayne Campus in North Miami Beach and 9.89 inches at North Miami/Keystone Point.
April 30, 2013 - A nearly stationary thunderstorm over Coral Gables produced torrential
rainfall over a period of about two hours with rainfall estimates in excess of six inches and
an unofficial, measured report just west of Coral Gables of 7.56 inches. Law enforcement
reported water was entering garages along Anderson Rd. between Palermo Ave. and
Camilo Ave. Water was also reported to be entering businesses along Miracle Mile near
Gailano St. A parking lot was flooded along Biltmore Way with water reported to be up to
the bottom of car doors.
May 22, 2012 - A band of showers and a few thunderstorms along with torrential rainfall
developed over the far western portions of the Miami -Dade County metropolitan area and
moved east through the area from Kendall to Doral and Miami Springs. Miami Interna-
tional Airport recorded 4.40 inches of rainfal[ between 1245 and 2 PM EDT. Standing
water was reported on numerous streets and several vehicles stalled out in the waters.
Other rainfall reports received in this event were 3.64 inches at the National Weather
Service Forecast Office on the FIU South Campus and 4.03 inches at Ruben Dario Middle
School in Sweetwater, Damage totals for thls event are included in the event which oc-
curred later in the evening over the same area, estimated at $75K. .
A second band of numerous showers and a few thunderstorms accompanied with intense
rainfall rnoved through the same area of Miami -Dade County that received very heavy
rainfall earlier in the day. The first significant report of flooding with this event was received
at 810 PM EDT in Doral by the media stating that the canal running along NW 25th Street
near NW 107th Avenue had overflowed its banks and flooded a nearby police department
parking lot. Many roads in Doral were under several feet of water, resulting in stalled cars
and water entering businesses in warehouse districts. Miami International Airport re-
ceived an additional three plus inches of rainfall making the total for the calendar day td
9.7 inches which was a record daily amount. This also made it the second wettest' day
recorded in Miami for the month of May with continuous records back to 1895. Storm total
April 2015 P1-91
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
rainfall amounts in the Sweetwater and Doral areas ranged from 8 to 10 inches, with an
area of 4 to 7 inches extending from. the FIU area to near the Dolphin Mall.
In October 1999, Hurricane Irene (DR-1306) developed and started a path towards South
Florida. Initial projections were correct In stating the hurricane would impact the west
coast of Florida, and Irene traveled through the state and, on October 15, passed just to
the west of Miami -Dade County. Although the hurricane did not pass directlythrough the
county and no exceptionally high winds were experienced, the heavy rainfall associated
with thisstorm did hit Miami -Dade County, and the impacts were severe. Some roads
were impassible for weeks, electricity was out in certain areas, and residents and busi-
nesses suffered heavy losses,
On October 3, 2000, a low-pressure system, later to became Tropical Storm Leslie, de-
veloped off the west coast of Cuba, and headed toward South Florida (DR-1345). Water
managers and weather officials closely tracked the storm, and preemptive measures were
taken to start moving water out of the canals. Weather forecasts called for 4-8 Inches of
rainfall from this storm, and unfortunately, once the storm passed over south Florida, it
dropped 14 to18 inches of rainfall over a linear area in the center of the. county. Equally
as unfortunate were residents and businesses that experienced a similar result as in
Irene.
'Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The entire built environment (Critical Infrastructure, Key Resources, Building .Stock) may
be vulnerable td flooding especially in low lying, storm surge planning zones, areas close
to- canals and structures that were built prior to flood plain regulations. Structures in areas
where there has been repetitive losses and no mitigation may also be at higher risk but
past flooding events do not necessarily indicate future flooding problems. Part 7 provides
additional analysis of residential structures by date of flood regulations within Miami -Dade
County. Below is a chart showing how many structures within each jurisdiction are within
FEMA Flood Zones.
Number of Buildings by Jurisdiction in FEIVIA Flood Zones
e C ' -vemon'',:,
Aventura
':�:..
24,149
rvy:ea_-.wiia.�
:v. -v�ccx.w_.y7.
= r•4 z �A':.
52
31
Bal Harbour
738.
.
955
2250
'Bay Harbor
2576
Biscayne park
991.
42
42
Coral Gables
2770
1209
58
13209
1466
Cutler Bay
8840
1871
3886
Doral
93
3768
16746
El Portal
6
97
566
92
Florida City .
3
2
1097
.
396
817
Golden Beach
262
98!
Hialeah Gardens
•
133
271
5802•
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The Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 11 The Strategy
Hialeah
1304
18513
36496
Homestead
222
8824
9098
746
Indian Creek Vli-
rage
33
4
1
Key Biscayne
7056
Medley
19
251
578
Miami Beach
51049
4381
129
Miami Gardens
12103
9083
3638
Miami Lakes
0
'8317
•
1263
Miami Shores
843
3
19
2470
552
Miami Springs
11
2029
2125
21
Miami
43094
6441
3897
68535
2215
North Bay Village
3372
North Miami
Beach
3650..
7212
659
North Miami
8190
•
261
5637
1995
dpa-locka
714
543
11319
1275
'
Palmetto Bay
4701
41
3590
80
Pinecrest
2168
268
3563
260
South Miami
2
784
3560
Sunny Isles Beach
11351
1
7647
0
Surfside
1560
1878
Sweetwater
1
582
367
Virginia Gardens
122
445
86
West Miami
•
960
768
Unincorporated
582
44750
105,976
2 .
28
169059
20053
Total:
585
247,570
152,649
2
4305
381122
42164
Heavy rainfall events tend to be measured bythe amount of rain during a certain duration
to give you what would equate to the chances of this type of storm which is typically
categorized by terminology such as a 100- yr or 500 year storm.
To help local communities determine if a rain event is considered significant the following
site and chart from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Hydro -
meteorological Design Studies Center maintains the Precipitation Frequency Data.Server
(PFDS) which is a point -and -click interface developed to deliver NOAA Atlas 14 precipi-
tation frequency estimates and associated information. To determine the amounts and
rates of rain that could create a various internal rain event (e.g 100 yr or 500 yr) this
website provides local information.
http://hdsc.nws,noaa.gov/hdsclofds/afds map cont.html?bkmrk=f1
Using a location in Mlami-Dade County with a• 7 foot elevation, the following chart depicts
the rainfall amounts per an interval of time that could determine If a significant rain event
has occurred.
April 2015 P1-93
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
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NOAA.Atlns I.4•t Vai utile r Ve(sian 2
Location name'. Rural, Fiarida,,US
E atitude::25.9204°, L• 6naitaide- 80:2930°
E18V60on: 7 ft'
'' s mg. loc.ie,eMarli ' 's
PQM ' PRECTITATICIKFREQIIENCY ESTIMATES-
SaelaPsgat,Cet:erahiNgleiSndraP,20svlo;IBhantRoy,MIchaslStLaurent.G's1Trypauk,ae3e
Uass hi glide! Yekta; 6Neffery Elatah
NOM, Naranal Wea)her 6Etvrde;.6110er 0ptteg, Metylend
F•;9119191'iPr araDh(c'afj•tla16 &-aaflals
PF tabular
Fps -based p6int lre.cipitati n'fregllencyestimdtesWith enc. conffdenmeIntervals (In .inches)1•
Durai
Average recilrrencinterval Nearer i
>i
'1'
2
• 5'
1.0
f 26
50
• 100
•200
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1090 f
5it1YR
• 0.676
p..471-0.713a.(0.936-41816)
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(0,047-g_pae)
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(6:a33-1.39)
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(6:907-I',90)
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(2.97-4r13)
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(4.60-7.94)
6.61
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(5.51-19.7,
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I Pieriplradon A-aqua..Ay(FF) esllmte5'Jn Illist 51e•arebasedopliequenSj 3rmly9124( paril,7l+d'tlni0on serrAF(P031.
NumbersTniiimithesisa*1'Fteitiatesaslo(ve:andurger ti0urd'softhe'96didee '•inlerval.Thepr•ol b➢Itylhalprectp9.+ilanfrettuenay
es9im(far a•igIvat;durrticnInd averageraourrnceNiarval)wfll'be6rQatecdtenthpp euerbatmd (or less thaerthalo bound} le5?b..Fs8mstes..
alupperbaumis are r(oti haal ed'agalasi prQbatlle max(rmur3 po:lpltatlah IPI4P)=soiiga1 jc1 inn ifo: Hlghertlao cutrep8 944.1 P3,P values.
Pleoserefertd MOAA Atlas 14 docbmerg fa •mare fafermatlan. ,
17nn4 ar.•r,u
Social Vulnerabilities •
People who live in areas proneto flooding and whom maybe uninsured or underinsured
are at greatest risk. The cost of insurance may be prohibitive and people who live outside
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
of a flood zone may believe they are notat risk. People who rent properties may not be
aware of their flood risk as it may not be disclosed by the owner or they may not know the
history of the area.
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Description
A tropical cyclone is a collection of weather systems classified by the varying wind speeds
and intensities, including tropical depression, tropical storm, and hurricane. Tropical
weather systems form over subtropioal or tropical waters with lowered pressure and the
combination of wind circulation at the center. A tropical depression is a weather system
with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained surface winds between 23 mph
— 38 mph. A Tropical storm develops from a tropical depression, and has a well-defined
surface circulation andmaximum sustained surface winds of 39 mph — 73 mph.
A hurricane develops 'from a tropical storm. The term hurricane is used for tropical cy-
clones in the Northern Hemisphere and east of the International Dateline. A hurricane is
a weather system with well-defined surface circulation and maximum sustained surface
winds of 74 mph or higher.
Winds
The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale was first developed in the early 1970s to cate-
gorize hurricanes by intensity. The scale used to include storm surge projections by
category of storm, but it was determined that there was not a direct correlation between
wind speeds and storm surge amounts. Hurricanes with wind fields which are very large
in size can produce storm .surge heights that are much higher than Is average fora given
category. Conversely, very compact hurri-
canes, even if extremely strong wind -wise and
with very low central pressures can produce
surges substantially lower than what was in-
cluded in the original scale.
Today, the Safiir-Simpson Hurricane Wind
Scale is a 1 to 5 categorization based on the
hurricane's intensity at the indicated time. The
scale provides examples of the type of damage
and Impacts in the United States associated with winds of the indicated intensity. In gen-
eral, damage rises by about a factor of four for every category increase. Miami -Dade has
experience sustained winds of up 150 mph and storm surge of 16.9 feet at the Burger
King International Headquarters.
Hurricanes are considered one of the most damaging and deadly weather events that
occur In the United States, with violent winds, waves reaching heights of 40 feet, torrential
rains, and flooding. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) there are an average 11 tropical storms that form over the Atlantic Ocean, Car-
ibbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico regionseach year, and on average 6 of the tropical storms
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1; The Strategy
develop into hurricanes._The United States experiences a hurricane strike on land about
once every year and a half. The strike zone can potentially extend anywhere from Maine
and south to Texas.
Storm Surge
Predictions for storm surge are made through a variety of means, including. the Sea Lake
Overland Storm'from Hurricanes (SLOSH).
Storm surge Inundation is modeled in two zones; the high -velocity zone where wave ac-
tion and debris can severely damage structures, and farther inland, where the primary
concern is flooding as opposed to structural damage. Storm surge can create .flooding
that can destroy buildings and carry debris miles inland, into canals and rivers, the inter -
coastal waterways and out to sea. The water can also pool in low Tying areas impeding
response and recovery activities.
Damages associated with storm surge include but are not limited to;
• Extreme flooding in coastal 'areas '
• lnundation.along rivers and canals
• Beach erosion
• Undermining of foundations of structures or roadways along the coastline (erosion
or scour)
• In confined harbors and rivers, severely damaged marinas and boats
• Sunken vessels or underwater hazards in navigable waterways
Location
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms can impact the entire
county. The map on the left shows the 50-year return
for maximum winds and on the left shows potential
storm surge for storms modeled within the Biscayne
Bay Basin.
The following two maps show the location for winds
and storm surge based model runs by HAZUS and
SLOSH.
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FLORIDA HURRICANE IMPACT
CHANCES
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Miami'
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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Otfiaeyi o Bay Basin
Category 5 Hurricane with storm surge of 16.9 feet.
Impact
Historical observations from types of impacts and damages associated with the winds of
hurricanes are inducted in Table 2, .Ali of these have been experienced In Miami -Dade.
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Table 2: Potential Impacts of Hurricanes by Category of Storm
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• People, livestock, and pets struck by flying or falling debris could be Injured or killed.
• Extensive damage to power lines and poles will likely result in power outages that could last a few
to several days.
• Pre-1994 mobile homes may be damaged or destroyed, especially if they are not anchored
properly
• Damage to newer mobile homes anchored properly involving the removal of shingle or metal roof
coverings, loss of vinyl siding and damage to carports, sunrooms or lanais
• Poorly constructed frame homes may have major damage — loss of roof covering, damage to gable
ends and removal of porch coverings and awnings
• Unprotected windows may be broken by flying debris
• Masonry chimneys can be toppled
• Welf-constructed frame homes could have damage to roof shingles, vinyl siding, soffit panels and
gutters.
• Failure of aluminum, screened -In, swimming pool enclosures can occur,
• Some apartment building and shopping center roof coverings could be partially removed.
• Industrial buildings can lose roofing andsiding especially from windward corners, rakes, and
eaves.
• Failures to overhead doors and unprotected windows will be common,
• Windows in high-rise buildings can be broken by flying debris.
• Occasfonaf damage to commercial signage, fences, and canopies.
• Large branches of trees will snap and shallow rooted trees can be toppled.
a There is a substantial risk of Injury or death to people, livestock, and pets due to flying and falling
debris,
• Near -total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks,
• Potable water could become scarce as filtration systems begin to fall.
• Older (mainly pre-1954 construction) mobile homes have a very high chance of being destroyed
and the flying debris generated can shred nearby mobile homes.
• Newer mobile homes can also be destroyed.
• Poorly constructed frame homes have a high chance of having their roof structures removed espe-
clailylf they are not anchored properly.
• Unprotected windows will have a high probability of being broken by flying debris.
• Well -constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding damage.
• Failure of aluminum, screened -in, swimming pool enclosures will be common.
• There will be a substantial percentage of roof and siding damage to apartment buildings and in-
dustrial buildings.
• Unreinforced masonry walls can collapse.
• Windows in high-rise buildings can be broken by flying debris.
• Commercial slgnage, fences, and canopies will be damaged and often destroyed.
• Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads, •
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•. There Is a high risk of Injury or death.to people, livestock, and petsdue to flying and failing debris
• Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to a few weeks after the storm passes.
• Nearly all older (pre-1994) mobile homes will be destroyed.
• Most newer mobile homes will sustain severe damage with potential for complete rooffailure and
wall collapse,
• Poorly constructed frame homes can be destroyed by the removal of the roof and exterior walls,
Unprotected windows will be broken by flying debris,
• Well-built frame homes can experience major damage Involving the removal of roof decking and
gable ends.
• There will be a high percentage of roof covering and siding damage to apartment buildings and
Industrial bulldogs.
• Isolated structural damage to wood or steel framing can occur,
• Complete failure of older metal buildings Is possible, and older unrelnforced masonry buildings
can collapse.
• Most commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed.
■ Many trees -will be snapped or uprooted,
• There Is a very high risk of injury or death to people, livestock, and pets due to flying and falling
debris.
• Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Longterm water shortages will Increase hu-
man suffering.
G Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.
• Nearly all older (pre-1994) mobile homes will be destroyed.
• A high percentage of newer mobile homes also will be destroyed.
• Poorly constructed homes can sustain complete collapse of all walls as well as the loss of the roof
structure.
• Well-built homes also can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and/or
some exterior walls.
• Extensive damage to roof coverings, windows, and doors will occur,
+ Large amounts of windborne debris will be lofted Into the air. Windborne debris damage will
break most unprotected windows and penetrate some protected windows.
• There will be a high percentage of structural damage to the top floors of apartment buildings,
• Steel frames In older industrial bulldings can collapse.
• There will be a high percentage of collapse to older unrelnforced masonry buildings.
• Most windows will be blown out of high-rise buildings.
• Nearly all commercial slgnage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed.
• Most trees will be snappedd or uprooted and power poles downed,
r
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• People, livestock, and pets are atvery.high rlsk sof injury or death from flying or falling debris, even
If Indoors in mobile homes or framed homes
• " Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months,
• Long-term water shortages will Increase human suffering.
• Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.
Almost complete destruction of all mobile homes will occur, regardless of age or construction.
• A high percentage of frame homes will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse,
• Extensive damage to roof covers, windows, and doors will occur,
• Large. amounts of wlndborne debris will be lofted Into the air.
• Wlndborne debris damage will occur to nearly all unprotected windows and many protected win-
dows.
• Significant damage to wood roof commercial buildings will occur due to loss of roof sheathing.
,• Complete collapse of many older metal buildings can occur.
• Most unreinforced masonry walls -will fait which can lead to the collapse of the buildings.
'• A high percentage of Industrial buildings:and low-rise apartment buildings will be destroyed.
• Nearly all windows will be blown out of high-rise buildings resulting In falling glass.
• Nearly all commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed.
• .Nearly ell trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles downed.
Source: National Hurricane Center
Previous Occurrences
Since the last LMS update, only two storms have impacted Miami -Dade. In August of
2012, Tropical Storm Isaac moved across the Florida Keys and Miami -Dade experienced
a storm surge measured at 1.3 feet and sustained winds measuring 29 mph at MIA. In a
72-hour period portions of the county received from 2-10" of rain. Wind damage in
southern Florida was minor and mostly limited to downed trees and power lines.20 Ap-
proximately 26,000 customers lost power in Miami -Dade. There was no Presidential
Declaration for damages within Miami -Dade, Miami -Dade agencies and municipalities
estimated $5.5 M for public assistance eligible categories.21
In October 2012, Hurricane Sandy, never made landfall locally, but paralleled the coast
causing coastal erosion with reports of waves up to 10 feet in Miami -Dade. There was
no Presidential Declaration for damages within Miami -Dade. It was estimated by the Mi-
ami -Dade Regulatory and Economic Resources Department that there was approxi-
mately $2 M in damages from coastal erosion.22
Hurricane Wilma, October 23 2005, caused structural damage by hurricane force winds
out of the west and southwest. Widespread light to moderate wind damage was sustained
throughout the county. In downtown Miami, numerous high-rise office buildings were se-
verely impacted by hurricane force winds. The Miami Metromover was closed due to fall-
ing debris from a neighboring high rise building. Power outages occurred county -wide for
three weeks due to damagedpower lines and utility poles. Power losses to service station
fuel pumps caused a major but temporary impact on recovery operations. Wind damage
20 National Hurricane Center, Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Isaac (AL092012)
21 Miami -Dade County EOC Activation Archive
2? Miami -Dade County EOC Activation Archive
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
to trees and shrubs (native and ornamental) was extensive throughout the county, Ficus
trees and Australian Pines sustained the majority of the tree damage, while palms ap-
peared to fare well, Throughout the Biscayne Bay area there was significant marine
damage. Many boats were blown up into bulkheads, docks, and overpasses. Some ves-
sels were freed from their moorings and deposited hundreds of feet from where they were
originally docked. The Port of Miami sustained damage to roughly 2,000 feet of bulkheads
and a cruise terminal lost a section of its roof. The Sunny Isles Marina dry storage facility
collapsed, damaging close to 300 vessels. Numerous docks and pilings throughout the
county were severely damaged by the battering of vessels that were moored to them. On
the barrier islands, .there was sporadic minor to moderate wind .damage to ocean front
high-rise condominiums, low-rise motels, commercial buildings, and single-family dwell-
ings The typical wind damages were broken windows, damaged hurricane shutters, and
minor roofing losses.
Hurricane Katrina, August 25, 2005; caused flooding to about 50 single-family dwellings
from a measured 12.25 inches of rain, but no major structural damage was reported in
south Miami -Dade. Adjacent Homestead to the south, storm water flooding was also
sustained in Florida City. In addition, an overpass under construction in Miami collapsed
onto the Dolphin Expressway between 87th and 97mAvenues. Katrina did cause significant
tree damage at Cape Florida State Park.
Hurricane Andrew, which was classified as a Category 5 impacted Miami -Dade in August
of 1992. Damage was estimated at $25 billion, with 25,524 homes destroyed and 101,241
damaged. 90% of all mobile homes in the southern portion of the county were totally
destroyed. The Miami Herald reported $.5 billion losses for boats. The powerful seas
extensively damages offshore structures, including the artificial reef system. 23
The last Presidential Disaster Declarations for Hurricanes for Miami -Dade occurred in
2005. Hurricane Wilma impacted Miami -Dade in October 2005 and caused widespread
power outages for more than 6 million people in the southern portions of Florida that
fasted in some areas for weeks.
The figures represented below are for overall damages associated with the storms and
includes damages that could be attributed to winds, rainfall and storm surge associated
with the events.
South Florida Hurricanes & Storms 1906-2014
Date;;
):!,. '�'i: v,y,..•
,;L • Name:1, ,'.:
;1�..5_
•'.'� .. . . y� ..
:. Cate'.;•;
•i
f,•I1 ar { •t.
Whirl
:1
1', 4 _jh
:`Su'rge;;
7•i �T.��'�,
.:, i.. y`M.i.
'd'eatf s
;' •t�i„•
•�:•}�
: damage $:r.
.�: �v
.:: .! •fit
6/17/1906
Hurricane #2
1
80
Unk
0
Unk
10/18/1906
Hurricane #8
3
120
Unk.
164
.• 160,000
10/11/1909
Hurricane #9
2
100
Unk
0
Unk
10/21/1924
Hurricane #7
TS
70
Unk
0
Unk
9/18/1926
Hurricane #6
4
138
13.2'
243
1.4 Billion
23 Source National Hurricane Center Preliminary Report Hurricane Andrew
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category that existed when the storm passed over or near Miami -Dade County.
t Hurricane Andrew was reclassified from a Cat 4 storm to Cat 51n 2002 by the National Hurricane Center.
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1.: The Strategy
10/21/1926
Hurricane #10
2
110
Unk
0
Unk
9/17/1928
Hurricane #4
4
132
10-15'
2,500*
26,000,000
9/28/1929 .
Hurricane #2
2
100
Unk
0
Unk
9/3/1935
Hurricane #2
5
160
20+
408
6,000,000
11/4/1935
Hurricane #6
1
75
6'
19
5,500,000
10/6/1941 ' .
Hurricane #5
3
120
8'
5
700,000
9//16/1945
Hurricane #9
4
138
13.7'
4
540,000,000
9/22/1948
Hurricane #7
2
98
8'
0
Unk
10/6/1948
Hurricane #8
2
105
6.2'
0
5,500,000
8/27./1949
Hurricane #2
4
130
.Unk
2
52,000,000
10/18/1950
King
2
105
14'
3
28,000,000
9/10l1960
Donna
4
136
13'
50
1.8 Billion
8/27/1964
Cleo
2
105
6'
3
28,000,000
9/8/1965
Betsy
3
125
9'
75
• 6.4 Billion
10/4/1966
Inez
1
85
15.5'
48
5,000,000
9/3/1979
David
2
98
3-5'
5
10,000,000
8/24/1992
Andrew
5t
155
16.9'
48
30.Billion
11/16/1994
Gordon
TS
52
3-5'
0
90,000,000
9/25/98
Georges
2
98
• 5-6'
0
12,500,000
11/5/98
Mitch
TS
65
3-4'
0
100,000
10/15/1999
Irene
1
75
3-5'
4
800,000,000
10/3/2000
To become
Leslie
TD
35
2-4'
0
500,000,000
9/3/2004
Frances
1
75
2-4'
0
33,000,000
9/25/2004
Jeanne
TS
50
2-4'
0
10,400,000
8/25/2005
Katrina
1
80
2-4'
0
800,000,000
9/18/2005
Rita
TS
50
2-3'
' 0
12,000,000
10/24/05
Wilma
2
110
5-6'
0
1.5 billion
08/27/2012
Isaac
TS
29
1-2'
0
Unk
1.0/26/2012
Sandy
1
60
1-2'
0
Unk
Sources: National Weather Service, Miami Forecast Office
NOAA National Hurricane Center/Troplcal Prediction Center
Florida State University Meteorology Department
Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms (Williams & Duedall)
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The entire built environment (Critical Infrastructure, Key Resources, Building Stock) may
be vulnerable to hurricanes and tropical storms due to wind, rain and/or storm surge dam-
ages. Structures that do not have Impact resistant features or protection that can be
installed may be more vulnerable to winds. Horries that were built under older building
April 2015
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ttAi-laad� Part 1: The Strategy
codes and standards may be more vulnerable to wind damages. Per"the HAZUS con-
ducted by the State of Florida In November 2014, Miami -Dade has the following physical
vulnerabilities.
Hazus estimates that there are 474,701 buildings in the region which have- an aggregate
total replacement value of 160,576 million (2006 dollars). Table 1 presents the relative
distribution of the value with respect to the general occupancies.
Table 1: Building Exposure by Occupancy Type
Occupancy Exposure l$1000) Percent of Tot
Residential 96,079,560 599.8%
Commercial 32,520,658 20.3%
Industrial 2,309,791 1.4%
Agricultural 695,334 0.4%
Reltgtous 2,773,756 1.7%
Governnletlt 19,659.626 12.2%
Education 6,537,256 4,1%
Total 160,676,900 100.0°4
Essential Facility Inventory
For essential facilities, there are 35 hospitals in the region with a total bed capacity of
12,147 beds. There are 501 schools, 102 fire stations, 100 police stations and 6 emer-
gency operation facilities,
Mobile/manufactured homes and high rise buildings may also be more vulnerable to wind
impacts, a listing of sites below. Coastal areas and areas along 'canals and rivers, as
depicted in the storm surge map, may be more vulnerable to surge. Coastal areas are at
greater risk for high velocity surge and erosion, Low lying areas are more vulnerable to
flooding if a storm brings a lot of rain. Uprooted trees can cause damages to underground
and overhead utilities. Hurricanes and tropical storms may also cause flying debris that
cause additional damages. These storms can also impact the natural and agricultural
resources as well, causing severe coastal erosion and flooding or wind damage to agri-
cultural assets. The extent of debris and infrastructure outages and restoration times can
complicate and increase response and recovery timelines, Part 7 provides tables that
show how many Commercial, Industrial, Residential and Other types of structures are
within Storm Surge Planning Zones.
4 u- 's • z5 i : 4
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p� • ...' s =' ttA-1 „A
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3010 NW 36TH ST
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MIAMI-DADE
•' . v
,[,
'di3' '�'� i a,:
. ,
.
U, �i' s'W' �uy'a�
_ t �
`. j
1, 1A+c-
t
2'.
33142
305-557.1122
73
MHP
AMERICANA VILLAGE
CONDO ASSOC, MHP
19800 SW 180TH
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33187
305-253-6025
528
MHP
AQUARIUS MOBILE HOME
PARK
451 SE 8TH ST
HOMESTEAD
33030
305.248-9383
187
MHP
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Miami -Dade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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BISCAYNE BREEZE PARK
11380 BISCAYNE
BLVD
MIAMI-DADE
33181
305-895.0112
60
MHP
BLUE BELLE TRAILER PARK
3586 NW 41ST ST
MIAMI-DADE
33142
305-635-1755
150
MHP
BOARDWALK MHP
100 NE 6TH AVE
HOMESTEAD
33030
305-248-2487
318
MHP
CARLEY'S MHP
4111 NW 37TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33142
305-635.5134
70
MHP
COCOWALK ESTATES
220 NE 12TH AVE
HOMESTEAD
33030
305.245-8125
223
MHP
COLONIAL ACRES MOBILE
HOME PARK
9674 NW 10TH AVE
MIAM(-DADE
33150
305-696-6231
296
MHP
COURTLY MANOR MOBILE
HOME PARK
12401 W OKEECHO-
BEE RD
HIALEAH
GARDENS
.33018
305-821-1400
525
MHP
DIXIE MOBILE COURT
19640 W DIXIE HWY
MIAMI-DADE
33180
305-933-4219
47
MHP
FLAGAMI PARADISE
TRAILER PARK
2750 NW SOUTH
RIVER DR
MIAMI
33125
305-788-0985
100
MHP
FLORIDA CITY CAMP SITE &
RV PARK
601 NW 3RD AVE
FLORIDA CITY
33034
305-248.7889
145
MHP
FRONTON TRAILER PARK
3617 NW 36TH 5T
MIAMI-DADE
33142
.305-634-4211
57
MHP
GABLES TRAILER PARK
825 SW 44T14 AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33134
305-542-1199
93
MHP
GATEWAY ESTATES MHP
35250 SW 177TH CT
MIAMI-DADE
33034
305-247-8500
220
MHP
GATEWAY WEST MHP
35303 SW 180TH
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33034.
305-246-0435
1,11
MHP
GATOR PARK MHP
24050 SW 8TH ST
MIAMI-DADEE
33194
305-559-2255
20
RV
GOLD COASTER TRAILER
PARK
34850 SW 187TH
AVE.
MIAMI-DADE
33034
305.248-5462
430
MHP
HIALEAH TRAILER PARK
425 E 33ROST
HIALEAH
33013
305-696-2278
32
MHP
HIBISCUS MOBILE HOME
PARK INC
3131 W 16TH AVE
HIALEAH
33012
305.822-2612
34.
MHP
HIGHLAND VILLAGE MO-
BILE HOME PARK
13565 NE 21STAVE
NORTH MI-
AMI BEACH
33181
500
MHP
HOLIDAY ACRES MOBILE
HOME PARK INC
1401 W 29TH ST
HIALEAH
33012
305-822-4611
84•
MHP
HOMESTEAD TRAILER PARK
31 SE 2ND RD
HOMESTEAD
33030
305-247-4021
50
MHP
HONEY HILL MOBILE HOME
PARK.
4955 NW 199TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33055
305.625-9255
438
.MHP
J. BAR J.
2980 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33147
305-691-2432
97
MHP
JONES FISHING CAMP
TRAILER
14601 NW.18STH
ST
MIAMI-DADE
33018
786.308.7597
and 954-536-
7400
57
MHP
LARRY/PENNYTHOMPSON
12451SW184TH
ST
MIAMI-DADE
33177
305-232-1049
240
RV
LEISURE EAST {PALM GAR-
DENS RV PARK)
28300 SW 147TH
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33033
305-247-8915
39
MHP
LILABNER MOBILE HOME
PARK
11239 NW 4TH TER
MIAMI-DADE
33172
305.221-7411
908
MHP
LITTLE FARM MOBILE
• COURT
8500 BISCAYNE
BLVD .
EL PORTAL
33138
305-759.1283
210
MHP
LITTLE RIVER MOBILE
HOME PARK
215 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33150
305-758-8888
76
MHP
MAGIC CITY TRAILER PARK
6001 NE 2ND AVE
MIAMI
33137
305-759-0336
95
MHP
MEDLEY LAKESIDE RETIRE-
MENT•PARK
10601 NW 105TH
WAY
MEDLEY
33178
305-888-3322
86
MHP
.
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The 1VIiami-Dade Local_ Mitigation Strategy
Part I: The Strategy
Lir
MEDLEY
33166
305-885-7070
217
tz, '
MHP
MEDLEY MOBILE HOME
PARK
8181 NW SOUTH
' RIVER DR
MIAMI HEIGHTS TRAILER
PARK
3520 NW 78TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33147
305-696-0121
127
MHP
MIAMI TERRACE MOBILE
HOME PARK
1040 SW 70TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33144
305-261-0551
89
•
MHP
MIAMI-EVERGLADES
KAMPGROUND
20675 SW 162ND
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33187
305••233-5300
298
RV
NEW AVOCADO TRAILER
PARK
1170 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33150
305-262-5755
73
MHP
PALM GARDENS MOBILE
HOME PARK
28501 SW 152ND
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33033
305-247-8915
275
MHP
PALM LAKE MOBILE HOME
PARK
7600 NW 27TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33147
305-696-1920
118
MHP
PALMETTO TRAILER ES-
TAPES
3205 W 16TH AVE
HIALEAH
'
33012
95
RV
PINE ISLE MOBILE HOME
PARK
28600 SW 132ND
AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33033
305-248-0783
282
MHP
PRINCETONIAN MOBILE
HOME PARK
12900 SW 253rd
Ter
MIAMI-DADE
33032
(305) 257-3281
190
.MHP
REDLAND MOBILE HOME
PARK.
17360 SW 232ND
ST
MIAMI-DADE
3317Q
305-247-7707
80
MHP
RIVER PARK TRAILER
2260 NW 27TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33142
305-635-4803
88
MHP
RIVIERA MOBILE HOME
PARK
19900 NW 37TH
AVE
MIAMI GAR-
DENS
33055
305-624-5888
155
MHP
ROVELLTRAILER PARK
939 NW 81STST
MIAMI-DADE
33150
305-693-4396
138 .
MHP
ROYAL COUNTRY MOBILE
HOME PARK
5555 NW 202ND
TER
MIAMI-DADE
33055
305-621-2270
864
MHP
ROYAL DUKE .
3620 NW 30TH AVE•
MIAMI-DADE
33142
305-633.2001
99
MHP
SHADY OAK TRAILER PARK
14701 NE 6TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33161
954-922-8803
25
MHP
SILVER COURT TRAILER
PARK
3170 SW STH ST
MIAMI
33135
305-649-8941
236
MHP
SILVER PALM MOBILE
HOME PARK
17350 SW 232ND
ST
MIAMI-DADE
33170
305-248.8443
112
MHP
SIX AVENUE TRAILER PARK
14752 NE 6TH AVE
MIAMI-DADE
33161
305-835-9627
14
MHP
SOUTHERN COMFORT R V
RESORT LLC
445 E PALM DR
FLORIDA CITY
33034
305-248-6909.
359
'
RV
STRAWBERRY VILLAGE
TRAILER PARK
1451W 29TH ST
HIALEAH
33012
305-821-0628
39
MHP
SUNNY GARDENS TRAILER
PARK
2901 W 16TH AVE.
HIALEAH
33012
305-822.5921
93
MHP
SUNNYLANDTRAILER PARK
129 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33150 '
786-505-5239
105
MHP
SUNNYSIDE MOTEL &
TRAILER PK INC
6024 SW 8TH 5T
WEST MIAMI
33144
305-266-1727
21
MHP
TRINIDAD COURT .
7930 NW MIAMI CT
MIAMI-DADE
33150
786-505-5239
173
MHP
TROPICAL VILLAGE
1398 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33147
305-696-00.59
108
MHP
UNIVERSITY LAKES MOBILE
HOME'
12850 SW 14TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33184
305-226-4251
1153
MHP
WESTHAVEN TRAILER PARK
6020 SW 8TH ST
WEST MIAMI
33144
305.266.0488
105
MHP
WESTLAND MOBILE HOME
PARK
1175 NW 79TH ST
MIAMI-DADE
33150
305-8761440
•
114
MHP
April 2015
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MOW -bade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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WYNKEN BLYNKEN & NOP
MOBILE HOME PARK
2775 W OKEECHO-
BEE RD
HIALEAH
33010
•305-887-6570
206
MHP
Social Vulnerabilities
Mobile/manufactured home residents, electric dependent, functional needs and persons
who, may not have adequate resources to protect their homes .or access to evacuation
resources are at greatest risk for this hazard. Visitors and persons who are new to this
area may also be more vulnerable as they may not be familiar with what to do in case an
evacuation order is given. Prolonged power outages and gas shortages cause additional
challenges to businesses and service providers and can disproportionately impact per-
sons whom rely upon regular home services such as medical services or food delivery,
Saltwater Intrusion
Description
According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) saltwater intrusion is generic
term referring to an influx of saltwater through various.pathways into an aquifer and is a
major threat to the freshwater resources ,, �_ ,•n �:--�a.;.�f,..-�._ �..��
�, ,..-.-..s..�.d.�,.,.R,..-.,n•. •;:-, . ,. •• Via• i
of the coastal areas in southeastern ;„ �.„ 1; i.•
Florida, The South Florida Water Man- Florida.
:sra.,i `Wiw+ii Titl "./: �iu.tly y.
agement District defines it as chloride I.
concentrations exceeding drinking wa-
ter standards of 250 mg/1.24 There are
three primary mechanisms by which
saltwater contaminates the freshwater
reservoir in the unconfined, surficial aq-
uifers of the region: (1) encroachment of
saltwater from the ocean along the base
of the aquifer; (2) infiltration of saltwater
from coastal saltwater mangrove
marshes: and (3) the floW of saltwater
inland through canals where it leaked ro
into the'aquifer, . Per the USGS paper
referenced below, "Saltwater intrusion
of the Biscayne aquifer began when the
Everglades were drained to provide dry
land for urban development and agricul-
ture.'
.!
wr. ' d; i
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id, is
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., .5..,._,.,-ter,--,y —_:-
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24 Miami -Dade Water and Sewer Department, 20-year Water Supply Facilities Work Plan (2014-2033),
Support Data, November 2014 htto://www.mlamldade.gov/water/librdrv/20-vear-water-•upply-facilities-
work-olan.pdf
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1:'The Strategy •
Location
This map from a 2014, publication by USGS shows the
areas of Miami -Dade that are experiencing saltwater
intrusion.
Extent •
USGS and Miami -Dade Water and Sewer Department
actively monitor saitwater intrusion. As of 2011, ap-
proximately 1,200 square kilometers of the mainland
part of the Biscayne Aquifer were intruded by saltwa-
ter.25 The map to the right shows future salt water in-
trusion impacted by projected sea level rise for year
2040, with projected pumpage rates for year 2030.
The red line indicates the expected minimal change to
the salt front.
Impact
There is concern that saltwater Intrusion can threaten
the coastal drinking water supply wellfields. Shallow -
water marine organisms are very sensitive to environ-
mental changes In salinity, temperature, nutrient input,
and dissolved oxygen. Temporal and spatial salinity
patterns in Biscayne Bay have profoundly affected the
marine ecosystem caused by water -management
driven changes in surface- and ground -water• dis-
charge. In addition to those changes caused by natural
events, long-term changein land and water uses dur-
ing the 20th century in the bay watershed contributed
greatly to the deterioration of marine conditions. Water
quality has been greatly degraded by increased nutri-
ent loads, trace metals, and other pollutants. 26 An Increase in mangrove areas and re-
duction in sawgrass habitat have been recorded In the Everglades. Less salt -tolerant
plants like sawgrass, spike rush and tropical hardwood hammocks are retreating as salt -
loving mangroves expand. 27
Net:
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Previous Occurrences
Saltwater intrusion has been monitored by the-USGS since 1939. Per the USGS "in 1904
(prior to any human -induced drainage), the saltwater interface was estimated to be at or
26 USGS, Origins and Delineation of Saltwater Intrusion in the Biscayne Aquifer.and Changes in the Dis-
tribution of Saltwater In Miami -Dade County, Florida. Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5025
. 28 httpJ/sofia.usgs.gov/publications/circular/1275/changebb.htmi
27 http:/lwww.miaml.edu/index.phpffeatureslrisInq sea levels threaten everglades freshwater plants/
April 2015 P 1-107
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
near the coast because of the very high water levels which occurred naturally in the Ev-
erglades.'Freshwater was reported to seep,from the Biscayne aquifer offshore Into Bis-
cayne Bay In sufficient quantities to be used as a supply of freshwater for ships. Beginning
in 1909 with the extension of the Miami River and continuing through the 1930's, con-
struction of drainage canals (with no control structures) and pumpage from coastal well
fields resulted in the lowering of water levels in the Biscayne aquifer, thereby inducing the
inland movement of saltwater into the aquifer. Additionally, seawater driven by tides
flowed inland in the drainage canals, resulting in the seepage of saltwater into the Bis-
cayne aquifer from the canals. By 1946, salinity -control structures had been installed in
all primary canals as far seaward as possible, These controls prevented saltwater driven
by tidal changes from moving upstream in the canals beyond the controls. The controls
also served to backup freshwater which maintained higher water levels in the Biscayne
aquifer near the coastline. These water levels are higher than those that occurred during
the period of uncontrolled drainage. The inland migration of saltwater in northern Dade
County slowed or reversed in some areas as .a result of the effects of these. controls on
water levels.
In the early 1960's, the existing canal system in southern Dade County was expanded to
provide for flood control. The canals were equipped with flow -regulation structures both
near the coast and inland, allowing water levels to be stepped down from .structure to
structure to prevent excessive drainage. However, the design and operation of this sys-
tem lowered freshwater levels in the Biscayne aquifer, especially near the coast, allowing
for the inland movement of saltwater during the drought years of 1970 and 1971, In 1976,
additional water was routed to southern Dade County, raising water levels along the coast.
and slowing or reversing the inland movement of the saltwater interface Klein and Waller
(19851.
Since 1984, additional events have occurred which have affected water levels in the Bis-
cayne aquifer and, hence, the movement of the saltwater interface. Among these events
are the initial operation of the Northwest Well Fieldand a consequent reduction in pump-
ing from the Hialeah -Miami Springs Weil Field., expansion of the Southwest Well Field,
and changes in the delivery schedule of water to southern Dade County and Everglades
National Park (fig. 1). Future changes in water levels might occur as a result of changes
In the management of the ecosystem of south Florida. These changes will be based on
the results of studies being conducted as part of the U.S. Geological Survey South Florida
Ecosystem Program (McPherson and others, 1995) and other studies. 28
Per the USGS paper referenced below, "some saltwater likely leaked from canals prior to
the installation of water control structures. Near the Miami Canal northwest of the water
control structure. S-26, this saltwater is gradually mixing with the groundwater and salinity
is gradually decreasing. Modern leakage of saltwater likely Is occurring along the Card
Sound Road canal and upstream of salinity control structures in the Biscayne, Black
Creek and Snapper Creek Canals. Saltwater also may have leaked •from the Princeton
28 http://fI,water.usgs,gov/Miami/onlIne_reports/wr1964285
April 2015 P1-108
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Miami -Oafs
The Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Canal and the canal adjacent to well G-3698, although this Ieakage,eould not be con-
firmed or refuted with available ihformation."
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The .SFWMD has identified "Utilities
at Risk" for salt water Intrusion, which
include utilities with weilfieids near the
saltwater/freshwater interface that do
not have an Inland weilfield, have not
developed adequate alternative
sources of water, and have limited
ability to meet user needs through in-
terconnects with other utilities; and
"Utilities of Concern", which include
utilities having wellfields near the salt-
water/freshwater interface, the ability
to shift pumpages to an inland well -
field, or an alternative source that is
not impacted by the drought
(SFWMD, 2007). Miami -Dade WASD
wellfields included as "Utility at Risk"
are South Miami -Dade Wellfields (
Newton, Elevated Tank, Naranja, Lei-
sure City, Roberta Hunter- Caribbean
Park). MDWASD Utilities of Concern
include the North and Central Miami -
Dade Wellfields ( Hialeah -Preston
and Alexander Orr)
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Well fields are at risk and as such protection areas have been delineated and are moni-
tored. Saltwater intrusion can impact the rates at which groundwater is pumped to sup-
ply drinking water supplies and also may require deeper wells to be drilled. Agricultural
crops may be impacted by the salinity levels. Saltwater intrusion can also displace the
fresh groundwater thereby impacting the water -table elevations in urban areas levels
that could increase localized flooding.
Social Vulnerabilities
This hazard does not tend to affect one population over another.
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigations Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Sea Level Rise
Description
Sea Level Rise refers to the increase currently observed in the average Global Sea Level
Trend, which is primarily attributed to changes in ocean volume due to two factors: ice
melt and thermal expansion. Melting of glaciers and continental ice masses, such as the
Greenland ice sheet, which are`llnked to changes in atmospheric temperature, can .con-
tribute significant amounts of freshwater input to the Earth's oceans. Additionally, a steady
Increase in global atmospheric temperature creates an expansion of saline sea water
(Le., salt water) molecules (called thermal expansion), thereby increasing ocean volume.
Sea level rise is occurring due to three main factors, all of which are occurring due to
global climate change:
® Thermal Expansion: As with all water, when the ocean heats up, it expands. About
50% of the sea level rise in the past 100 years is because the ocean is warmer,
and therefore fakes up more space.
• Glacier and Polar Ice Cap Melting: Although glaciers and polar ice caps naturally
melt a Ilttle each summer, they usually regain lost area during the winter. However,
warmer winters have meant ,_ �- .,�,_.•M-_;��4��
Tess opportunity to regrow this ice, resulting in more
melted water remaining in
the oceans, contributing to
sea level rise. Greenland
and West. Antarctic Ice Loss: t
Similar to what is happening I •
with glaciers and the polar
ice cap,the huge ice sheetss
that cover Greenland and
Antarctica are melting.
Location
Mapping developed for the South-
east Florida Climate Change Com-
pact (the Compact) illustrates po-
tential areas of Miami -Dade County
that may be impacted by sea level
rise.
Extent
Based on the Compact's sea level
rise projection a one foot scenario
could occur between 2040-2070,
the two foot scenario from 2050-
2115 and the three foot .scenario
from 2075-2150,
ebSpgir
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,u • tzaso, rghti_WrARLya.),VIAL)pttii:eW.m H2•
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April 2015
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#iami-Pade
The Miarni--Dade Local. Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Impact
Sea level rise is likely to increase coastal flooding during high tides and storm surge
events. Sea level rise will likely impact the ability of the canals and low lying areas to
drain standing water after rainfall events and impact the ground water elevation. Gravity
based outfalls that lie below sea level will be impacted and as has been seen will allow
salt water to flow up through the outfall system into the streets.
In terms of the amount of land which may be vulnerable, the number of acres impacted
in Miami -Dade is three times greater than that experienced in Monroe County for the two
and three foot scenarios. Nearly 80% of the lands affected regionally In the one foot sce-
nario are conservation lands especially coastal wetlands. Low lying natural systems made
up of buttonwood, mangrove, scrUb mangrove, and herbaceous coastal saline and fresh-
water wetlands are significantly impacted In all SLR scenarios. Interms of the .critical
infrastructure reviewed, inundation is .often confined to marginal areas of the properties
or impacting existing drainage infrastructure on site. This is generally true for the region's
ports, airports, schools, landfills and hospitals. Within Miami -Dade these are mainly im-
pacted at the 3 foot scenario, Power plants properties in Miami -Dade and Broward as well
as energy transmission facilities in Monroe: are vulnerable at the one foot scenario. While
railroads are negligibly at risk, more than 81 miles of roadway from Miami -Dade through
Palm Beach are at elevations below sea level at the one foot scenario, increasing to more
than 893 miles at the three foot scenario 29
Upper estimates of taxable property values vulnerable across the region is greater than
$4 billion with values rising to over $31 billion at the 3 foot scenario. The following table
is taken from the Compact and illustrates Land Use and Property Values in Miami -Dade
County vulnerable to Impacts from Sea Level Rise at 1, 2 and 3 feet scenarios.
Acres of Fu-
tore Land
Use
Top Three
Categories
Impacted
1 Foot
Conservation •
107,988 acres .
Electrical Generation
5,332 acres
Agricultural
2,994 acres
2 Foot
Conservation
126,809 acres
Electrical Generation
5,999 acres
Agricultural
7,746 acres •
3 Foot
Conservation
133,088 acres
Electrical Generation
7,000 acres
Agricultural
10,890
The Compact estimated that the total number of acres within Urban Miami -Dade to be
impacted by sea level rise for a 1.foot scenario is 12.1,378 acres (12%), for 2 foot 150,142
acres (16%) and for the 3 foot scenario it. could be 168,896 acres (18%) of the county.
29 http://www•southeastfloridaclimatecompact,orq//wp-content/uproads/2o14/09/vufnerability assess-
ment.pdf
April 2015
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part. it The Strategy
Previous Occurrences
Astronomical high tides have in recent yearscaused localized flooding with salt water
being Gushed back up through storm drain outfalls that use gravity to function. According
to the National Weather Service Miami, the greatest impacts for astronomical high tides
were in combination with Superstorm Sandy from October 27-30, 2012. 'On October 29,
2012 Key Biscayne issued a high tide alert to residents regarding water flowing out of the
drainage system that was causing flooding on local stress and adjacent areas, especially
in low Tying areas.30 Therewas also an extended period from November 21-27, 2012 with
some street flooding in the South Beach areas of Miami Beach (Alton Road area south of
17th Street). There were also some minor street flooding (to the curb level) from astro-
nomical high tides that occurred .April 26-27, 2013, October 17-20, 2013 and December
3 2013 in the same South Beach areas, Certain areas of Miami Beach can flood when
the tide reaches an elevation of 0.5 feet, typical high tide in Miami Beach reach about 0.3
feet, but in October and November 2012 levels reached as high as 2.2 feet.
Sea Level Rise is an emerging and future threat and with high tides occurring about two
times a year (April .and November) as sea levels rise more communities could be at risk
from seasonal high tides as well as general sea level rise,
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The built environment (Critical infrastructure, Key Resources, and Building Stock) and
natural environment are vulnerable to sea level rise and though some preliminary map-
ping shows southern portions of the county at highest -risk there is risk to other portions
as well. Coastal communities, such as Miami Beach, have already begun to experience
sunny day flooding in relation to high and king tides that limit the gravitational drainage
that drains to the bay. Additional mapping is being done to determine all areas that may
be at risk.
The following information is excerpted from the Compact.
Analysis of Physical Features
Ports and Airports
One area determined by the group to be critical is Homestead Air Reserve Base. The
County has already met -with planners developing the long term. use of the base and pro-
vided input on sea level rise. Opa Locka West's vulnerable, but this airport is only a land-
ing strip used for training and so is npt considered critical. Below are tables that represent
the area that may be below mean high -high water sea level with a 1-, 2-, or 3-foot sea
level rise.
3o htfpJ/keybiscayne.fl.gov/lndex.php?src=news&refno=339&category=News
April 2015 P1-112
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rielanrklatie
1-foot Sea Level Rise:
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
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Q
4,92
4-52
770.71
0.6%
Kendall-Tamiaan}
22.86
2.37
25.23
1,428.46
1.8%
Miami international
36.01
23S
38.89
2,731.06
1.4%
(spa Locke 3xecutirae
15.87
4_71
21.53
1,640.89
1.3J .
Opa Locke West
12.08
1.46
13.54
412.0S
3 0.10 -
Port of Miami (seaport)
0.51
0.16
0.77
534.5
0.1%
Port of Iviiaani (river. port)
2.32
1.26
358
135.23
2.6%
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195.43
80.4
275.83
1,970.96
14.0%
2-toot Sea Level Rise:
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Hornest�ead General Aviation
5.6
0.66
6.26
770.71
0.8%
Kendell7arrtWill
26.37
1.,6
28.47
1,428148
2.0%
Miami Internationa(
42.34
5.53
47.97 •
2,731-06
1.8%
opa Locke Executive
3453
15,93
4651
1,640.89 '
2.8%
Qpa Locke West
24.2
66.55
92.75
412.03
22.5%
Port of vitami (seaport)
0.89
0.22
1.11
534.5
0.2%
Port of Miami (river port)
4.63
3.61
824
136_23
6.0%
USA Homestead Air Base -
327.73
119.27
447
1,970_96
22.7%
3-foot Sea Level. Rise:
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: t.
: ,i:•cr ' �.`.'
.. ,i{?}�r�S�•�,:l:..1
t,,: :}.:.
:t f''t( F,,[1 r
y. •..
"Iiniiiidatf$rr,.
i. i:il..j::•r�, �ti�
Homestead Ge.rteral Aviation
6.58
0.83
7.41
770.71
1.0%.
]tendail-Tamiarni
31,01
2.82
35,83
1,428.48
2.4&
iv1}ami international
57.47
24.24
3171
2,751.06
3.054
0pa Locke ERecutihe
65.51
76.22
141.75
1,640.89
8.5$a
opa Locke West
212.09
45.59
308.68
412.03
74.4%
Port of Ivi}armi(seaport)
1.63
0.5
2.13
534.5
0.454.
Part of M iami (river part)
14:73
11.47
262
136:23
19.2%
USA Homestead Air Base
573.64
202.52
'• 776.16
1,970.96
59.4%e
April 2015
P1-113
121
LMS
Miarni;-DaVe
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part i: The Strategy
•
MAMtADCOUTNTY
VULNE.RA5ILITY ANALYSIS
§..E.APQRTS ,N.FPPIRTP
-..A
1, • •
{
ifi'
.
;.1 --- -- rcaz:nr.,--Ikel
It •L'• - '''''
if43
t. •
a...64021.
: tiP:W-0144 Vito.
10411t#140M Win
4731•
fmarattirq
t•we
•
•
„Imr#:.:34
April 2015
122
P1-114
LIVMiarctE$
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Power plants
Miami -Dade County has one nuclear power and one coal generation power plant The
generation facilities are not directly impacted, This data below includes impact to the Tur-
key Point Nuclear Power Plant cooling canals, the.coastal wetlands at the Cutler Plant,
and some scattered power transfer stations throughout western Miami -Dade County.
rit: '•i : ''i :':ti%
.a.. "i:i:. •a.i:_ i:}
): `.;;A .. ':f.; . :::
i ti�
:l+�+- l'�'� .
:11 ; 7 ..t> ,.
; y `ii;' •r: r.i ,4•: 1;'` '•i
; C:':ili••r.Lyi;: ;;i?..'•'i.'• _. 'i
':i•�i' •:.. : - '� '"'•'
i is
�i�f�'S}T�;=,�:%.i;i•'i_;,,F�.•.
i2.. ,:;
.,rt:,!•. 4 '
],1"-. L VV::i li
1T
ni ,`Fiii`; •
k..., _. r..;.i9r,..!'?
:. ,.. .1.
Lrt
F,••i.n�}93�f�`: }:�:
4
ll.ilr. ,,V;P l,M.t
}n i} ,i t. , rt
lithe is.%.,
-. �.iSa.::4,-.•{I:
�`.:1}" ..:.. .s.• :1.:
i��;ti:.�F}�8�{{,, 5:
- .,a e:.r ::S
"''tr•t•�la �
� ��}1, n�,15s iaq
s:`.iiFifPaaJ.1:0
^• i' :Stiff• .o':i::..I;ii.'=�%`4
•tt�.„,.�1�;••
i. •: �:F :'".,.il
':;1.`+�yk���i'?t'U�'S
_}:. _:!.
:�'•f:si_`.;i�,,v(� •:ti: `ti::}i,
t ' lee .
2'''' %, '••':c..
':;�i�:x,g1-'
�'y1t�.yy 1j '
�:: `• i:l+'•_i�::7',. _f(f :':iv,:
,t; :: ....
il:..{ :rir;:�:
P.`��IirafK -.
:iS- 'p , ,..,.;
I] - FJ:i.
3ilJ L1q 13LlUA3
:;,:.:.•:q�:_..: :-x-'7
:i r:;•r _i:: •':; �::l i.::.
3-feot See Level
4,812
2.47
5,059-
7,213.77
•70%
2faotSee Level Rise
V59•
263
5,492.
7;22$.7.7
76%
3-foot Sea Level Rise
51707
238
5,940'
7,228.77
. ^�6
Railroads
Railroads did not seem to be particularly affected, perhaps due to the fact that most of the
rail beds in Miami -Dade County are elevated above the road and surrounding surfaces.
The •impact reported is limited to EEC Railroad in the northeast coast of Miami -Dade
County and to the portion of the CSX railroad serving the rockmine lakes along NW 12 ST
in the •western portion of the County, This data' is reported in miles:
'.. ':. .:
Ft:-. tiCSf€Rai[raid li
::
::.• :
r
:• ke1
:! isGle
••
se•:°•:.i.
Past!!,1
@rIk`=
-; •
;.I,, Tql i!:i
::1::.
`:,lnnid.311°ir
.. ii l.:1
:.T ta1Lngliv
. , ]..
`.,•af 1§TIli
.:fi1j=':
it5.
..is .2ii..•,: S
Yer,ctinti•I
oa
ih'iiid tiii-.
!lih ,4•
DdatSea Level Rise
0.71
O:09
0.8
520.9
0.1%
2-foot Sea Level Cite
0_91
0.26
1
820.9
O,4%
3=fbot Sea Level Rise
1.65
0.79
2
32119
0.7%
Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants
Miami -Dade has three major water and three major wastewater treatment plants within
the County boundary, The analysis was performed by land use category as provided by
the Department of Planning and Zoning. The results, therefore, do not include the names
of the facilities, only the area possibly or more likely affected by the inundation scenario.
A more specific analysis is needed to determine if any equipment would be affected or not.
�fl�i'�At �x�'..�ffi"t�t•�::itipjjr'.,'+(
I:F:� :l{+i?.•„';�::::i 2i::I : x;
::ll },i•:.r;liatI;il;i,;.iiik:
.:F.` :'iill: •
: ai'ra; :',:�t:,. ..:;:^ ,:
i : •!1:{:•ti•:
;F.•_�_i• :
.
... C :�r�s ?!S4i`
I
II :yGpe.^..;!cl'
1.C,{'33rsth
!liiji, !y,
a��'
: } ;:;ka:,:,:.,,
`lvi.�i'i�Q�:,aiEC,!�'�8:�1!lili(�1:
?i'::
i.11ltt7�xl9t�niS
' •'
; :;`..{ resit ;'
- `'ti I'r. • 'M
1'GiliQli�F7("L"s���a • .:ii?�';•7,'�.:,}iJ7iti:i4s}`J
:.i:. ..: l:ii�M1+q{°'r is '\
`;'? i .i:e; �,e; I
:.:iiV::3."!'S�.:t,i
G14CA'R 5i..
::1i•1'}�LLI'I�a�®'�i;:i:
!_:
1-foot Sea Level Rise
0.38
0.16
0.54
210.67
0.26%
.2-foot Sea Level Rise
.0_55
0.64
-
149
210.67
0.71%
8-foot Sea Level Rise
2.58
1.6
4.18
210.37
1.99%
•tY4k:„+ • ' 1, ti
tl5Lelfl8 [
a�.�.•.i'i1!. „'i�i!E�i�,..:?i:�y.��C+�+i.�w�J'Ii'i3.:i;:' l k4ii.:i:: ::
4:. 1 l$ k,
''i,;L':'f')CyF:�iS1-1••1�4i�PrSYe:.<iii
'F%v
'F'F?.:"i:r1:
(:.i ii;:''}.11^;iige:
fi'k7,GJ$16ec;,lidf4
.. ell'i1'i,y# i'i
• '- .
•A,'i:i
::1:' "• '
... ..
t.
iaiyrtlta:r,;lL.1lii.d--iTv..
•rdiJh��2D.i1Y
48El'•
Y2!- t''i:tCGu,V.i!4 -
�
i:i'°.....C_iwi[:7uyf�l-'
:r,•
•
-y1{Y¢Ky.tit:lh>?an:ni
'1L;;•'pp i`
1-foot See Level Rise
11.1
5.62
16.42
4601.4
8.57%
2-foot Sea Level Pdse
19.91
6.15
26.06
460.14
5.66%
8-tootSea Level Rise
35.47
8.33 '
44.8
460.14
9.58%
April 2015
123
P1-115
LMS
Miami•Oatie
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Landfills
Inundation for all levels of sea level rise were primarily in retention or natural areas sur-
rounding landfills since the landfills themselves are elevated (see graphic.on next page).
The South Dade Landfill, Munisport, and Dade Recycling are surrounded by low lying ar-
eas. -
� 1{:1;t• .�i;.ijh'� {y... • �%: �'r�a!
kv.".. •7 '-211141'-;'1:(•. ,'.1s:. .}; •.t's^
;.SOLD i`�i iti j .'"m, l'k.QM:SWi'" .,:"{yO4.} i'
+ +:fif. ik• is G4•:i11113Fi 'F.:. '::1t5.+11::\
It:
':S': •<j,;.t'
?,V: XF,.. 'i ,I'
:j a:4:,i 1:[.' ti ):
i 't1 :�S '.fstii�i
..,i t. t:' :�F.: �'
If: �.: :: ]:I'S. i:' :'.:�,
. ,,L. 't,,,E•:::
'�:� .� . I•':+.
1o'r•:..
i.1.'•. q:'
�%t fiiLr� C:!:-.7:•
•_•u:!'.:=."'` ::.: •:: ...
1-feat ea Level Rise
154
84
284
2-foot Sea Level Rise
26,6
99
299
9-foot Sea Level Rise
893
3fl
563
MIAM1-DADE COUNTY
VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS
LANDFILLS
Hospitals
No hospitals in Unincorporated Miami -Dade County were impacted. Of the 34 total hos-
pitals within the county boundaries, only three hospitals were affected in municipalities in
the 3-foot sea level rise sdenario.
April 2015 P1-116 .
124
LAMS
Miami -baste
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
• Selected Specialty Hospital, 955•NW 3rd ST, City of Miami, 33128
• Mount Sinai Medical Center, 4300 Alton Road, City of Miami Beach, 33140
• 31South Beach Community Hospital, 630 Alton Road, City of Miami Beach, 33139
Schools'
No schools In Unincorporated Miami -Dade County were impacted. Only three of the 867
schools were affected in municipalities in the 3-foot sea level rise scenario. However, we
need more specific survey information on all :affected schools, such as elevation certifi-
cates and topographic survey to determine If those would be actually impacted.
• Student Services & Attendance, 489 East Drive, Miami.' Springs.33166
• School Board Administrative— Annex, 1500 Biscayne Boulevard). Miami 33132
• Biscayne Elementary, 800 77th Street, Miami Beach 33141
Emergency Shelters
None of the 69 emergency shelters in Miami -Dade County were impacted. However, more
specific survey information and finished floor elevation certificates on all shelters are
needed to determine actual impacts.
• as This facility Is no longer a hospital, It is now the Miami Beach Community Health Center.
April 2015 P 1-117
125"
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M4arar9-Pade
, The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
MIAMI-DARE COUNTY
VU LN E RAB tL ITY ANALY S l S,
EMERGENCY SHE1TERS
Evacuation Routes
Miami -Dade determined there are at most four miles of impact to all evacuation routes.
even at the 3-Foot inundation because these routes are built at elevations to provide ser-
vice in a 100-year storm. US1 Overseas,Highway to the Florida Keys and the Ricken-
backer Causeway to Key Biscayne have been improved in the past two years. Therefore,
the 4 miles of impact are probably an over estimation. The concern for the evacuation
routes is flooding of the local access roads leading to them. This information is summa- .
rized in the section Roads by FDOT Category.
April .2015 P1-118
126
LMS
Mitimi,Pade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation, Strategy
Part 1; The Strategy
M)AMPIDARE rou. i �►
VULN RABILITYANAL'YSiS
EVACUATION POUTES
. w w. .i. .. i.-...wwr..•l. t ~'f^^�'�.�5%'". 59LL :t � .i ��iN:...
uc-
lagrral
-.v�.Cary.nl>m
L4Sr4
• i•W A!snaaaaf�sl 1
Marinas
Marine facilities were analyzed using land use category maps provided by the Department
of Planning and Zoning. Marine complexes and marine commercial and uses were com-
bined. All marina facilities are located on or next to water features, east of all salinity
control structures to give easy access to the ocean. The assumption is that all will be
affected in some way, although the extent is only estimated by this current analysis. It is
assumed that those docks with fixed infrastructure willbe inundated while floating docks
will rise with sea levels.
L•IS.: -. il1•i'ii•' 'f.: ,.:. '7!..1..
•:,l �..• .i:i � •q°: :+i oy: V"i.i :
�p�$�J§yl`��+' t';�1.: :7: 5•:S'
{•,:.ti :-0
^ •�1
•�•S.^.{{))!!yy{h�vvyy:��1��'{���t4M'�ui1T�:il�..
talV ik,,S�:Iliii
ldj•���5'�tifF::':,
1-fbot':See Lever rise
z1.
• a-fQot See LLvE[ Rise
7.5
5,r Pt•Sea Level•Rise
7;50
Results of Analysis.
Geographic analysis was done based on the following criteria:
Miles of road by Florida Department of Transportation category
April 2015 P 1-119
127
tNiarni-�+ade
The Miaani Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part•i: The Strategy
• Future Land Use
• Habitat / Land Use Land Cover
Taxable Value of Property
Miaml-Dade County has chosen not to estimate the taxable value of potentially impacted
property until such time as the mapping and analytical methods are more robust. Miami -
Dade, through the Stormwater Master Planning Process, has determined that the currant
assessment tools probably underestimate potential impacts,
Roads by FDOT Category
Roadways are summarized by Functional Class in miles. High volume categories Include
sections of roadway where bridges were removed from the LiDAR data and represented
bare earth rather than the actual roadways.
1-Foot Sea Levet }Ilse — AssumptFon: 50% Percent Inundation = Whole Seamg ent Affected
.':el ,: • ':•: •,: _ :..... '
t tionbioital• lass`. hy: •,-c„ '• ,+` �':` ::;4:I
::Fktt�fil.14.1 datiora
:;� ....,:... ,,.;; :: ;f.
..TOtar',�" Reregi.
:,• :ai,. :J::
1- high4nitime, stiawimutn speed
3
-
3.0894
2.— highspeed, channels trafltc to FC1
4
3— high speed, lower mobility, connects to FC2
3
4—moderate speed, through. neighborhoods
62
5—low volume, i.e. access roads, parking lanes
Not assessed
:focal:: ..........., . • .... •.., ..... ':;INii; ..'i' ....
. ;:; 0-,17N:... •,
';:i•
2-Foot Sea Level }Ilse — + sumptlon: SG% Percent Inundation = Whole Segment Affected
' ' . ,i:; '4••;•• I;a'' •.,; ,•"
iiii>:::.
:Total fiiutittatidn:;
... i.t79�1�5};' N. i.-i;+..
:Tnt, itCt}+retakle;,;.
.. ^(f Q.WT1f29t;t2,,yy��[.'i
1- high volume, maximum speed
6
°
2 high speed, channels traffic to FC1
11
S.— high steed, lower mobility, connects.ta Fe2
6
-�
4moderatespeed, through neighborhoods
232
5—low volume, i.e. access roeds, parting lanes
Not assessed
3-Foot See Level Rise —,assumption: 511% Percent inundation = Whole Sesrnent Affected
' ,: ,:: ,: sa ri €::gin-:3 t•,:•:.3: • ,b• ::;:},•: •:3: `?i<<'
l i rOfq!St 3: :: Vj^. �`y�,: •.l. ,.� V: • ..6
> :>,::-3f: ' '3;.` i? lh:i . } . ;`,; •1:
..;�; j:;, :.nt;:.;.,ii:ly .� i:ci ��..�...,.. t:it. �.
., n'y},; ..�,:_..i.:. -li 1. ins;-t,''o. �.e' :'LI. �2ia ift°
�:_ti:;''Wit-nail ..;:r
�� •t; L l •,r•s 111•1'.'
}l,ia,a+.::. jtii :'' ;a
y:v(yry.;:��'L{�S�p.•::lil..
:�,Sv ,.......
tiglaF,Sti ge; ;
.'11•1 .:t.. .
,, •,•• $' k ..nil
_L.:c:t:::.:, ���.,^•.,,,J,,�{{F, •i
A Fifil g6ii�9..,;..ua
1- high volume, maximum .speed
12.18
2 — highspeed, channels traffic to FC1
26.33
3— high speed, lower mobility, connects to FC2
21.22
4 —moderate speed, through neighborhoods
496.2i
5—low volume, f.e. access road, parking lanes
Not assessed
gait. :.y ...._ 1;::. ,..qi :1:.:3:ci•'t'; s::,r1 'i;.::i ..is
z:::
:5'..5551;9, r ..
Social Vulnerabilities
This hazard does not tend to affect one population over another.
April 2015 P1-120
128
LIVIS
Miami -Dade •
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Severe Storm
Description
Severe storms often combine a number of meteorological events, including lightning, hail,
tornadoes, and flooding. Each of these are covered in their own hazard profile. This profile
will focus on what qualifies as a thunderstorms and heavy rain.
A thunderstorm is a meteorological event generated by atmospheric imbalance and tur-
bulence caused by unstable warm air that rises rapidly;"heavy moisture, and upward lift
of air currents that can bring a combination of heavy rains, strong winds, hail, lightning,
and tornadoes,
The Southern Florida Rainy season is defined as the time of year when most of the yearly
rainfall occurs. Themedian start date of the rainy season is May 20th and the median
end date is October 17th. During this nearly five -month period, South Florida receives
about 70% of the rainfall for the entire year.
The rainy season usually has three phases:
• Late May through early July ("stormiest" part of the season).
n Early July through mid -August (hotter with dry periods)
• Late August through mid -October (higher rainfall variability due to potential tropi-
cal systems and early -fall cold fronts)
Heavy rainfall events tend to be measured by the amount of rain during a certain duration
to give you what would equate to the chances .of this type of storm which is typically
categorized by terminology such as a 100- yr or 500 year storm.
To help local communities determine if a rain event is considered significant the following
site and chart from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Hydro -
meteorological Design Studies Center maintains the Precipitation Frequency Data Server
(PFDS) which is a point -and -click interface developed to deliver NOAA Atlas 14 precipi-
tation frequency estimates and associated information. To determine the amounts and
rates of rain that could create a various internal rain event (e.g 100 yr or 500 yr) this
website provides local information.
htto://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds/pfds map cont.html?bkmrk=fl
Using a location in Miaml-Dade County with a 7 foot elevation, the following chart depicts
the rainfall amounts per an interval of time that could determine if a significant rain event
has occurred.
April 2015 P 1-121
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1hliami•loade
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part X: The Strategy
KOANA46•147 bfbipme9; Veratvil•a
Locution name; rtAisiifii, Ftorlfla,-US*.
Lat9tlide: 2&82p4';.Longnisde; 4022930°
138ya1I0Pi 7 ft'
''salraa Gore ?laps
POINT PPECIPITAT1O14 FRE4UENCY ESTIMATES
9anlaAedaa; rfebatah Main, Ganda PadoUlo, Idtanitlay, Mk7mel S1. Laurent C'l7rypai I0. Dale.
Uan h, Michael Wiz. decaNy 9onan
KbM.Napa nalWeaiher8tr Ica, 3lher3prNg,.r�ar>�xd
PF tabu ler { PF 0r4D11W081.i MODS &. GBINS
PF tabular
PDS-based.j};rrtnt.proGipitation fretjuencye9ttmttes,wIth1o°fo.c°nftdertce Intervals (fa inehes)t'
Averuge.recurrence )ntetvat (�leare)•
4uratl n
1•
2
5
10
25
'50 i' um]
- 2614
500
10.00
5min
•'0.b7B 1
471--0.7131
0.661.,
�0.638=0,816)
0,797 ,
(H, 47-9.089
- 044,1:
�.73T-1,13)
. 4.07,•,
jo,8.90-1.3H1
. 1A8
(P.�7-1,981
' -1.32; ,
(0.987-I,77(
1.44.
( 92 I.99
• 1.61
1,U9*2^�91
1.74,
(1.15'' 252'
16411in•
(0.6 0-684)
01.7a 6(t1(}
00:'9981 Lob}
,(1.066(,68)
,(1.22-201)
(1.13-2.25)
.(1.1r2,60)
(7.%6r2.93,(1.819.391
(1. 89)
754111n
1.03
(0.641-(371
1:18
(4091-140)
1,42
li.4 -1.701
1.63:
(1.61'-2.6a)'Jr.4G-240)
1191
. 2,13
(1.82276)
2.36.
('1.73-3,16)
2.67
(491-a48B
.2,87
-954439)
3.10 -
(ZDS-4.80)
3t} m1n •
•
1 p6
41.20-1.98)
1.81.
(1-49224)
2,20
(1.79-2-73)
2,62'
�.(2043.14)
2.97'
(23.02)
3.32
(2,93-4.93)
' 3.67
(2.70.4.92)
•4,02"
(2.83-6.0843.04-6.414S2.20
4.49
4.86
7.04)
:5�4n1d
• 2L hC
1 208•
I '(/:71-2.6
2.80
(2.19-8.18)
239
(1.9529
2,97'
3460
•2:92
(8 2:37-3.67,1,
3.64•
(24+7-4:48)
3.39•
(2.73-4.22j.
4,07'
I0.01,„8.S0►
4.64 '
1S,66•1.11}_
5.24
(3.97.7,66)
r^ s87
4.16-116'
6,76••
490-6;901
7:47 '
L.{-83r10,8`
10,1:
(6.74-14.8;
4.26
(143-6.226)
6.18
(4.10=6.73)
6.96:
$46D-7;84)
6.01
(6.08-9,16
7.72•'
(6.61-10:701.19-12.9J
9.43
3-hr •
,.. 2.89 '
237-353
3:29..
(2,70-4:03)
. . 4 06 '
;(1.32-4.97)
;: -4.711 '
` (329-6.881
•.92
(4.72'-7,72)
5.91
(�3a-0.1a)
'$.Do- '
(6.98-10�6)
19,2o . •
(6.86' 122.8
'10.9 '
4783-18.6
" '12.4 "
•
fi hC
37
2 8 -4.12
9 (e, �074a
I,. (4.01�60,.BCY�
,(•1.71-7.16�
(6; 2-0,661
(6. o r) I
(7.z3-d • ! U
�iY• -
r(B '
,(624-17.81
S ICLI -2,3.2
9-11
3,9B .
(3.99--1.77.)
4.83
(9.89-6.59)
6.91
(4,9H-r.15)
7.13
` (&EE-8.07)
9.04•
(7.90-117)
10:2'
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Location
The entire County is vulnerable to severe storms.
Extent
Winds of up to 100 mph during a severe storm and rain amounts of 14" in a few hours.
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Impact •
In February 1995, a severe storm caused $5 million in damages. A twisting downdraft
damaged four commercial jets, several loading platforms, and a catering truck at con-
course G at Miami International Airport. It is estimated that the winds at the site were
100 mph,32
On. October 9, 2011 we experienced a heavy rain event
In Miami -Dade with over 10"of rain falling at the West
KendallTamiami Airport. The top graphic illustrates the
rain fall amounts for a 48-hour period.
From October 28-31, 2011 another heavy rain event oc-
curred with the greatest. impacts being felt in Miami
Beach. The areas of heaviest showers and thunder-
storms were over Pinecrest, Coral Gables and Coconut
Grove and remained aver that area for another few hours. {: ;:•�,: 4
This area of rainfall produced anywhere from 6 to 10
inches of rain in onlya few hours from Cutler Bay to Co-
conut Grove, leading to severe street flooding and intru-
sion of water into dozens of homes across this area. Es-
timates from the South Florida Water Management Dis-
trict indicate that isolated areas in Coconut Grove may
have received in excess of 12 inches during this time
span.. Portions of Miami -Dade County experienced 3-7 rw?Y
inches of rain in a few hours causing significant street
flooding.
In June of 2013 as Tropical Storm Andrea passed across
north Florida, south Florida was on the receiving end of
torrential rains aver northeastern Dade as the tail of the
storm moved across the area. Up to 14" of rain was
measured in North Miami Beach in only a few hours and
8-12" from North Miami to the southern portion of Broward
County. The event caused severe street flooding and
flooding of buildings.
Previous Occurrences
June 20, 2014 Miami City Hall reported a thunderstorm with a gust of up to 64 mph. •
June 13, 2014 — A thunderstorm near Kendale Lakes records a wind gust•of 62 mph and
multiple trees reported down at the Miccosukee Golf and Country Club.
32 National Climatic Data.Cenfer, Storm Events Database
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April 19, 2014 - Cold front produces showers and thunderstorms with a gust reported up
t0 61 mph.
February 12, 2014 - Strong cold front cased thunderstorms with wind gust of. 70 mph.
September 15, 2013 — Strong to severe level winds cause power outages. Reports of a
wind gust of 58 mph and a tree down.
April 15, 2013 — Afternoon thunderstorms with wind gusts up to 61 mph reported with
damage to a carport.
September 19, 2012 - Scattered thunderstorms over South Florida caused a thunder-
storm in Kendall that causes large tree branches to break.
June 6, 2012 — Severe thunderstorm with high wind gusts and hail occurred in M.iami-
Dade. Reports of numerous trees downed reported in Leisure City, South Miami Heights
and Princeton. Wind gusts were estimated at 60 mph. In Perrine several signs from
businesses were blown off a building.
May 20, 2012 — Tree branches in 3-4 inches in diameter were snapped in Miami Lakes
due to a severe storm.
May 18, 2012 - Large tree branches were snapped and broken off in a two -square -block
area near the intersection of SW 8th Street and SW 142th Avenue, resulting from a down -
burst associated with a severe thunderstorm. Trees were also reported down in.Sweet-
water and Dora!, Winds were estimated between 60-70 mph and large trees were up-
rooted and a light pole was downed in Doral.
May 8, 2012 - A strong thunderstorm produced a wind gust of 59 knots...or 68 mph,
measured by a mesonet site at Sun Life Stadium.
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities ,
The entire built environment (Critical infrastructure, Key Resources, Building Stock) may
be vulnerable to severe storms due to wind or rain damages. These types of events could
cause power outages or some structural damages to mobile/manufactured homes (see
Hurricanes/-Troplcal Storms for a listing), communications towers, or damage trees and
overhead utilities. Underground utilities, .could be impacted if trees topple and uproot
these systems. Severe weather may also cause flying debris to cause additional dam-
ages.. Structures in areas where there has been repetitive losses and no mitigation may
also be at higher risk but past flooding events do not necessarily indicate future flooding.
problems. Areas with ongoing construction or drainage problems may also be at greater
risk. Parks and open spaces where people congregate outside are vulnerable to severe
weather that may roll in with little notice, this includes coastal beaches, Crandon Park, all
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County and State parks, large venues such as the Homestead- Miami Speedway; Sunllfe
Stadium, and Marlins Park.
Social Vulnerabilities
People who live in areas prone to flooding and may be uninsured or underinsured are at
greatest risk. The cost of insurance may be prohibitive and people who live outside of a
flood zone may believe they are not at risk. People who rent properties may not be aware
of their flood risk as It may not be disclosed by the owner or they may not know the history
of the area. Electric dependent and persons living in mobile/manufactured homes -may
• be at greater risk when it occurs in their areas,
Tornado
Description
A tornado is a violently rotating column of alr extending from a thunderstorm to the ground.
The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of
250 mph or more, Damage paths can be in excess of one mile wide and 50 miles long. A
majority of tornadoes, however, have wind speeds of 112 mph or less. Florida tornadoes
occur in the greatest number during June, July and August. These are typically small,.
short- lived events that can produce minor damage and seldom take lives. Florida's most
deadly tornado outbreaks occur in the spring,
Waterspouts are common along the southeast U.S. coast — especially off Southern Flor-
ida and the Keys -- and can happen overseas, bays and lakes. They are smaller and
weaker than the most intense tornadoes, but still can be quite dangerous. Waterspouts
can overturn small boats, damage ships, create significant damage when hitting land, and
kill people.
Location
The entirecounty is equally vulnerable to tornadoes.
Extent
EF-3 tornado could be experienced.
Impact
Miami -Dade ranks fourth in the state with eighty-six (86) reported tornadoes from 1971 to
2002. Based on data from 1950 —2011, there has been 31 tornado events in Miami -Dade
that have resulted. in 158 injuries, 1 death and $202 million in damage. The tornado in
1969 touched down in Coral Gables and moved over the Miami business, district and
Biscayne Bay and impacted Sunny isles. Most injuries were from flying and broken glass.
Another occurrence on March 27, 2003 had a tornado that peaked as an F-2 that hit the
Brownsville/Liberty City neighborhood, One person was killed in their home by tree debris
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and fourteen people were injured. FEMA damage estimates included $2.2M for housing
assistance and $6.2M for other assistance, totaling $8.4M.33
Previous Occurrences
May.15, 2014 — Miami International Airport tower officials reported a tornado 1 mile west
of them. Minor damage consistent with an EF-0 with maximum winds estimated at 65
mph damaging.. trees, street signs and a vehicle.
July 20, 2013 — A funnel cloud east of Kendal Regional Medical Center was reported.'
May 22, 2013 —A funnel cloud was reported near Princeton.
January 4, 2013 — Several funnel clouds were reported In areas of Kendall, Cutler Bay,
near Zoo Miami' and the Dolphin Mall in Sweetwater. No reports of touchdowns.
August 3, 2012 — A tropical Wave in the northern Bahamas and western Caribbean pro-
duces thunderstorms in South Florida and a funnel cloud was reported in the Richmond
Heights area.
July 28, 2012 — A tiny funnel cloud was reported near Homestead General Airport. No .
reported damages.
July 16, 2012 — A rope -like funnel cloud was reported aver the Redlands, west of Krome.
No known damages.
June 29, 20127 Homestead General Aviation reported a funnel cloud west of Homestead,
it did not touch down or cause damage.
June 24, 2012 Golden Beach Police reported a waterspout moving onshore moving
north. The path was approximately 0,5 miles and it was estimated as a n EF-O. Beach
chairs were tossed about 30 feet in the air and there was damage to trees and a hut. One
residence also had damage to a metal gate and trees, Damages about $10K.
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
The entire built environment is vulnerable to tornadoes depending on where it hits (may
be directly or indirectly impacted). Mobile and manufactured homes tend to sustain the
most damage from a tornado due to their lighter weight building materials. A list of mobile
home parks in Miami -Dade is provided in the Hurricane/Tropical Storm section. Unreln-
33 National Weather Service Miami — South Florida, Series of Tornadoes Hit South Florida Including Mi-
ami and Mlaml-Dade County.
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forced concrete buildings and wood structures may be more vulnerable to tornado dam-
age. Power lines and trees may be downed or underground utilities may be uprooted
when trees topple..
Social Vulnerabilities
People' with disabilities such as decreased vision or hearing may not be aware of the
tornado warnings. Electrically dependent Individuals may rely an life -sustaining medical
equipment and may be at greater risk due to power outages.
Wildfire
Description
Wildfire is defined by the Florida Forest Service (FFS) as any fire that does not meet
management objectives or is out of control. Wildfires occur in Florida every year and are
part of the natural cycle of Florida's fire -adapted ecosystems. Many of these fires are
quickly suppressed before they can damage or destroy property, homes and lives,
There are four types of wildfires:
• Surface Fires: Bum along the forest floor consuming the litter layer and small
branches on or near the ground.
• Ground Fires: Smolder or creep slowly underground. These fires usually occur
during periods of prolonged drought and may burn for weeks or months until suf-
ficient rainfall extinguishes the fire, or it runs out of fuel.
• Crown Fires: Spread rapidly by the wind, moving through the tops of the trees.
• Wildland/Urban Interface Fires: Fires occurring within the WUI in areas where
structures and other human developments meet or intermingle with wildlands or
vegetative fuels. Homes and other flammable structures can become fuel for
WUI fires.
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A wildfire is a naturally occurring event, often ignited by lightning or discarded cigarettes,
and/or unattended camp fires and
fueled by grasses, brush, and trees.
Wildfires help to control the buildup of
woody debris, improve soil conditions,
reduce weedy and invasive plants, re-
duce. plant disease, and maintain the
habitat conditions thus providing a
healthy ecosystem. Fires in the Ever-
glades tend to happen annually, with
rapid wet -season fires, often started by
lightning. Dry -season fires are less com-
mon, but can be more damaging.
Nu.ra,
'v
Location
Wildfires are most likely to occur In the
western portions of Miami -Dade
County within one mile of the Urban
Wildland Interface and the Everglades.
Extent
2000 acres.
Impact
In previous events homes have been
threatened by wildfire, the Turnpike Ex-
tension and the Don Shula Expressway were closed due to heavy smoke, and acres of
farmland and fields of grasses were destroyed.
$91. l.Florida,Reglop Wildfiirov
'pro Lyv4401 OU,tem
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FIRE DANCER LEVELS .
Criteria:
Ignition: Fuels do not ignite ready from small firebrands although a more intense heat source,
such as lightning, may start fires.
Low
Spread: Fires In open cured grasslands may burn freely a few hours after rain, but woods fires
spread slowly by creeping or smoldering, and burn in irregular fingers.
.Spotting:
There Is little danger of spotting.
Control: Easy
Ignition: Fires can start from most accidental causes, but with the'exception of lightning fires in
some areas, the number of starts is generally low.
Mod-
erate
Spread: Fires In open cured grasslands will burn briskly and spread rapidly on windy days. Tim-
berfires spread slowly to moderately fast. The average fire is of moderate intensity, although
heavy concentrations of fuel, especiallydraped fuel, may burn hot.
Spotting: Short -distance spotting may occur, but is not persistent.
Control: Fires are not likely to become serious and control is relatively easy.
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Ignition: All fine dead fuels ignite readily and fires start easily from most causes. Unattended
brush and campfires are likely to escape,
Spread: Fires spread rapidly. High -intensity burning may develop on slopes or in concentrations
of fine fuels.
Spotting: Short -distance spotting is common.
Control: Fires may become seribus and their control difficult unless they are attacked success-
fully while small.•
•
ignition: Fires start easily from all causes.
Spread: immediately after ignition, spread rapidly and increase quickly in intensity, Fires burn-
ing in fight fuels may quickly develop high Intensity characteristics such as long-distance spot-
ting and fire whirlwinds when they burn into heavier fuels.
Spotting: Spot fires are a constant darigdr; long distance spotting likely.
Control: Direct attack at the head of such fires Is rarely possible after they have been burning
more than a few minutes,
Ex-
treme
Ignition: Fires start quickly and burn intensely. Alf fires are potentially serious.
Spread: Furious spread likely, along with intense burning. Development Into high ihtensity
burning will usually be faster and occur from smaller fires than In the very high fire danger
lass.
Spotting: Spot fires are a constant danger; long distance spotting occurs easily.
Control: Direct attack Is rarely possible and may be dangerous except immediately after igni-
tion. Fires that develop headway in heavy slash or in conifer stands may be unmanageable
while the extreme burning condition lasts. Under these conditions the only effective and safe
control action is on the flanks until the weather changes or the fuel supply lessens.
Source: National Fire Danger Rating System
Previous Occurrences
There have been no wildfires since the last LMS update in 2009.
May 7, 2008 .- Redland area a large grassfire ignited on a form and burned some farm
equipment and 20 acres.
April 5, 2000 — Homestead a 50-acre wildfire destroyed two mobile homes and two boats,
estimated damages $100K,
March 3, 1999 - Redland area about a dozen wildfires burned as winds gusting near 30
mph quickly spread the flames,. None of the fires exceeded 100 acres but a plant nursery
was destroyed and several homes were threatened. Smoke closed the Florida Turnpike
Extension and the Don Shula Expressway for several hours.
There have been four federally declared wildfire events,
PRESIDENTIALLY DECLARED WILDFIRE EVENT iN M1AMI-DADS
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FS
2359
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FS
3139
2256 ,
DR 1223
_
Incident
. Title . •., . Begin Date
Declaration
:. Date... _
.incident.
End Date.
Di•saster-
Close'Out;
`-Date • .,
FL -EVERGLADES FIRE. COMPLEX -
04/2S/01
4/17/2001
4/25/2001 =
:
9/16/2003
FL -FIRES 04/15/99
4/15/1999
4/27/1999 i
5/25/1999'
4/14/2004
FL -FIRES 04/13/99
4/13/1999
4/18/1999 :....
7/26/2002
EXTREME FIRE HAZARD
5/25/1998
6/18/1998 :
7/22/1998.
6/21/20.11.
Vulnerability.
Physical Vulnerabilities
The built environment (Critical infrastructure, Key Resources and Building Stock) and
natural environment that are closest to the Everglades, agricultural areas or large open
spaces are at a higher risk for exposure from wildfires. Critical facilities would include
the Homestead Correction Institute, Dade Correctional Institution, Dade Juvenile Resi-
dential Facility, Everglades Correctional Institution, Krome North Service Processing.
Center, South Florida Reception Center, and Metro -West Detention Center. Residential
areas of concern would include the Everglades Labor Camp, Gator Park Mobile Horne
Park, and Jones Fishing Camp Trailer Park, Visibility on roads may be compromised due
to smoke and this may lead to the need for road closures or increased traffic accidents.
Social Vulnerabilities
Populations with respiratory complications may be at greater risk due to air quality issues
in relation to wildfires. The social vulnerability section should be reviewed for more 'infor-
mation on how these types of circumstances may affect populations differently. .
•
Winter Storm
Description
Severe winter weather Includes extreme cold, snowfall, ice storms, winter storms, and/or
strong winds, and affects every state in the continental United States, Areas where such
weather is uncommon, such as Florida, are typically affected more by severe 'winter
weather than regions that experience this weather more frequently, For Miami -Dade, win-
ter weather hazard events occur when high winds, and cold temperatures occur. In Miami -
Dade, most winter concerns revolve around protecting crops from cold temperatures and
providing shelter for vulnerable populations such as the homeless. Extreme cold condi-
tions in Florida are considered to be slightly above freezing.
Location
The entire county is vulnerable to winter weather, inland portions tend to seecolder tem-
peratures by a few degrees. These areas tend to be south of Kendall Drive and west of
the Florida Turnpike, primarily the Redland area and areas west of Homestead and Flor-
ida City, •
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Extent
26.degrees F with cold weather shelters 'open for over 10 consecutive days.
AVERAGE FREEZE; DATES FOR SOUTH FLORIDA"
LOCATION
EARLIEST FREEZE
AVG FIRST
AVG LAST FREEZE.
LATEST FREEZE
>r! ' °-' 4a"'-
j, --•- ! ,
yFREEZE'
if—i '
) �*fc. i
4 w
HOMESTEAD -
_ _,
DECEMBER 2$
.�.�L' .
DECEMBER 21-31
r
JANUARY 21-3p11"
JANUARY 31
C_1
.,1.
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.t{:.1it '.. - fY
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4•'
'�:c•-' `"
MIAMI
DECEMBER 11
HP35i"` 1 y'
DECEMBER 21-31 •
JANUARY21-31
�
MARCH 3
Impact
In January 2010,,Miami-Dade experienced two back to back cold fronts, with tempera-
tures below freezing in the interior portions of the county. Crop damage was extensive
and severe , with estimates in excess of $500M in the region. Thousands of customers
experienced intermittent power outages due to record -setting usage demands. Hazards
such as carbon monoxide poisoning and household fires are increased in improperlyven-
tilated homes during severe winter weather events. The loss of utilities stress resources
and puts vulnerable populations at risk. Two fatalities were noted from exposure to cold,
a homeless man in Fort Lauderdale and an elderly man in an unheated apartment in
Miami. Cold weather shelters were open for over 10 consecutive nights In many areas
of South Florida.
Previous Occurrences
2013.2014 - None
January, 3, 2012 - Temperatures dropped to the freezing mark over parts.of Inland Mi-
ami -Dade County on the night of January 3rd and early morning of January 4th, with
temperatures at these values for 2-4 hours. Areas most affected were the Redland and
Homestead areas, Damage to most sensitive crops (beans, herbs, squash, and Asian
vegetables) was about 15-20%..A few wind -protected fields suffered near -total losses.
Early January 2010 Very cold airof arctic origin in the wake of a front produced freezing
temperatures and very low wind chills to ail of south Florida. Freezing temperatures were
noted over almost all of south Florida on the mornings of .January 10th and 11 th. Four
consecutive nights of below freezing temperatures occurred over interior sections of south
Florida from January 10th through January 13th. The combination of this episode and
the first one between January 1 and January 7 produced the coldest 12-day period of
temperatures on record at several south Florida locations. Crop damage was extensive
and severe, with total damage estimates in excess of $51 million dollars in Miami -Dade.
Thousands of customers experienced intermittent power outages during this period due
to record -setting usage demands. Wind chills dropped below 35 .degrees and remained
mostly in the 20s from the evening hours of January 9th through: midday on January 10th.
34 National Weather Service Miami Office
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January 5, 2001 - A freeze occurred throughout the interior sections of south Florida,
causing damage to certain crops. Hardest hit were 'certain vegetable crops with 30%
losses in the farming areas of south Miami -Dade County. Other crops that were damaged
included newly planted sugar cane, ornamentals, and tropical fruits. A heavy frost oc-
curred in the western suburbs of Miami -Dade.
PRESIDENTIALLY DECLARED FREEZE EVENTS IN MIAMI-DADE
Disaster l•Disaster
Type . - I"Number
i - '• Title . . '
-.incident
Begirt Date
I:Declaratran Incident
. Date. . . End. Date
Disaster
Close.Out
. bate:..:
DR ] 1359
—$51�
SEVERE FREEZE
12/1/2000
2/5/2001
1/25/2001;5/14/2010
DRt
"SEVERE FREEZE
12/23/1989
1/1511990
12/25/1989.
13/18/1985110/27/1988
4/23/1996.
OR
732
'FEVERE FREEZE
3/18/1985
3/18/1985
I DR
'526
;SEVERE WINTER WEATHER
1/31/1977
1/31/1977
1/31/1977
12/18/1978
DR I .304
[FREEZE . ..3/15/1971
3/15/1971.
13/15/1971 °
6/18/1973
Source: data.gov, FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary
Vulnerability
Physical Vulnerabilities
Little of the built environment (Critical Infrastructure, Key Resources and Building Stock)
is vulnerable to winter storms. Pipes carrying water to households could freeze and
expand causing pipes to burst. Inadequately heated or insulated homes may resort to
heating by kerosene heaters or stoves. These methods of heating are dangerous and
contribute to carbon monoxide poisoning and household fires. Agricultural interests are
more vulnerable to winter storms and frost can destroy crops. Crops most vulnerable to
winterstorms and freezes are the ones that are grown during the winter months and har-
vested in the spring months Including cantaloupe, carambola, celery, cucumbers, dragon
fruit, eggplant, fennel, guava, greenbeens, herbs, jackfruit, longan, lychee, mushrooms,.
onions, papaya, passion fruit, plantains, radishes, sapodilla, spinach, squash,strawber-
ries, sweetcorn, thyme, tomatoes and zucchini.
Social Vulnerabilities
Extreme cold weather is a particularly dangerous hazard for at risk populations such as
the homeless, elderly, low income or people living in homes without heating or means to
keep warm. These populations include those who have a difficult time keeping warm or -
finding a heat source during an extreme cold event. The homeless are particularly at risk.
Age groups such as the elderly and infants have limited physiological capability to keep
warm. It is estimated that there are about4,150 homeless people In Miami -Dade County,
Larger concentrations of homeless tend to benear the downtown Miami and Miami Beach
areas. Body warming mechanisms such aegoose bumps" and shivering are restricted
in these groups, Outdoor animals and. pets are also at risk of extreme cold temperatures.
April 2015 P1-132
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Mural -Daft
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Natural Hazards by Jurisdiction
The following chart depicts the probability risk by location of all of the natural hazards.
The estimate of, risk is based on the judgment of local planners and the LMS Working
Group regarding the likely frequency of occurrence of the hazard event based 'on the
location of the jurisdiction to the hazard potentially occurring. Sea Level Rise probabilities
were determined by potential future risk as identified in the map in the Sea Level Rise
section. The rankings are Low (L), Medium (M) and High (H).
April 2015 P1-133
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LNIES
flUanu,nade
• The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1:1he Strategy
Jurisdiction
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April 2015
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Eianwi-Pd�
The Miami Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Miami -Dade County Critical Facilities Inventory
The LMSWG recognizes the importance of mitigation to critical facilities and as such
uses data supplied by the municipalities and the various county departments to develop
a database which'includes the: critical facilities inventory, NF1P repetitive loss data, his-
toric flood data and the locations of hazardous materials that fall under the jurisdiction
of Section 302 of the Federal Emergency Planning and Community Right -to -Know Act.
This data has been supplied by the Miami -Dade County Division of Environmental Re-
sources .Management (DERM) and the State Emergency Response Commission.35
Similarly, Miami -Dade and the municipalities control a huge inventory of properties.
Therefore,.due to its voluminous size, the listing of non -critical municipal public building
and facilities will be maintained separately by the county and each municipality.
A critical facilities inventory is maintained by Miami -Dade Office of Emergency Manage-
ment (OEM) and the Miami -Dade Information Technology Department (ITD) that includes
those facilities that have been deemed critical bythe state and federal•governments. A
copy has been supplied to FIDEM as well. The inventory includes GIS coverage for the
following: the Miami -Dade County street network, day care centers, medical. facilities
(MMF, hospitals, nursing homes, adult living facilities), Miami -Dade fire stations, munici-
pal fire stations, Miami -Dade police stations, municipal police stations, solid waste man-
agement sites, sewage treatment plants, sewer pump stations, water treatment plants,
Miami -Dade County schools, hazardous materials sites, municipal critical facilities inven-
tory, the Miami -Dade evacuation network, and hurricane evacuation centers. in 2014
OEM and ITD updated the Debris Management Plan to update debris clearance
measures including critical facilities.
While the state and federal government defines critical facilities as those listed above, the
Miami -Dade LMSWG has defined critical facilities in three types or levels, which are:
e Level 1 — A facility that must remain available In all circumstances and at all times.
The community cannot do without this facility at all. Protective measures are an
absolute must.
• Level 2 — A facility that must be restored within twenty-four hours or risk dire con-
sequences to the community.
• Level 3 — A facility that must be restored within seventy-two hours or the commu-
nity may suffer major problems.
The LMSWG concludes that any facility that the community can do without for more than
seventy-two hours is not truly critical; important perhaps, but not critical.
35 EMAP4.4.1
April 2015 P 1-135
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Miami -Dade.
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
Data Sources Identified
We have identified the following data sources as being important and comprehensive
to the accomplishment of our mitigation goals. However, additional data sources will
surely be discovered as we proceed with the task of mitigation.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
• National Flood Insurance Program repetitive Loss inventory.
• Flood Insurance Rate Maps, hurricanestorm surge maps, and previous natural haz-
ard computer modeling results. New FIRM maps were implemented in 2009 and
Miami -Dade is currently undergoing a Coastal Study that is slated to be complete in
2019.
• The FEMA website www.fema. iov has a wealth of accumulated data that can be
extremely valuable in developing mitigation measures.
Other U. S. Government Databases and Information Sources
• National Hurricane Center and the National Oceanographic Atmospheric Administra-
tion (NOAA) historical storm related data (including, National Climatic Data Center).
• The National Weather Service Miami Forecast Office data files.
• National Hurricane Center "SLOSH" models.
• National Priorities List (NPL)
• Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information
System List (CERCLIS — the "Superfund")
• No Further Remedial Action. Planned List (NFRAP)
• Emergency Response Notification System List (ERNS)
• RCRA Corrective Action Tracking System List (CORRACTS)
• Resource Conservation and Recovery Information System List (RCRIS)
• Hazardous Waste Data Management System List (HWDMS)
• Facility Index Data System List (FINDS)
• Toxic Release Inventory System List (TRIS)
• U. S. Immigration and Naturalization Service databases.
State of Florida
• Florida State University Department of Meteorology hurricane historical database.
• State -Funded Action Sites List (SFAS).
• State Sites Dist (SITES),
• Solid Waste Facilities List (SLDWST).
• Petroleum Contamination Tracking System Report (PCTS).
• Stationary Tank inventory System List (TANKS).
• Hazardous Waste Compliance & Enforcement Tracking System List (COMHAZ)._
April 2015 P1-135
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
• South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD).
Miami -Dade County
• Municipal and County Emergency Management Plans and Comprehensive Plans.
• Municipal and County Floodplain Management Plans,
• Miami -Dade Stormwater Management Master Plan and Capital Improvements Pro-
jects.
• Miami -Dade County, Division of Environmental Resources Management (DERM) GIS
database.
• Miami -Dade County, Information Technology Department, Critical Facilities Inventory
and other GIS databases.
•- Enforcement Case Tracking System Report (ECTS).
• Fuel Spill Report (FSPILL),
• Hazardous Waste. Report (HW).
• Industrial Waste Reports.
• Underground Storage Tanks Report (UST)..
• Agriculture extension services and databases.
Municipal Agencies
Staff resources, records and data files.
Additional Resources
• . The American Red Cross will provide information regarding shelters, as well as staff
resources and records
• Internet web sites provided by the Florida Division of Emergency Management as part
of the. Local Mitigation Strategy Guidebook
CONFLICT RESOLUTION PROCEDURES
The Miami -Dade County Local Mitigation Strategy Working Group has established pro-
cedures to resolve conflicts between member entitles that may arise from the develop-
ment of the LMS: It has borrowed extensively from the Regional Dispute Resolution Pro-
cess of the South Florida Regional Planning Council.
These procedures are designed to clearly identify and resolve problems as early as pos-
sible, to utilize procedures in a low-cost to high -cost sequence, to allow flexibility in which
procedures are used, to provide for the appropriate involvement of affected and respon-
sible parties, and to provide as much process certainty as possible.
April 2015 PI-137 •
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Mural-taa to Part 1: The Strategy
LMS
There are two basic components: process initiation and,settlement meetings. Addition-
ally, there are five optional components: pre -initiation meeting, situation assessments,
rnediation, advisory decision -making, andreferral to other dispute resolution processes.
The Working Group consists of representatives from Miami -Dade County, its incorporated
municipalities, county departments and other participating organizations.
In the event of a dispute, parties named in the Initiation Letter (see below) are automati-
cally allowed to participate. Other jurisdictions, public or private organizations, groups, or
individuals must be suggested by a named party and agreed to by a majority of the named
parties before inclusion; or recommended for inclusion by a mediator mutually selected
by the named parties.
Other jurisdictions, public and private organizations, groups, or individuals seeking to be-
come named parties can submit a written petition to the Working 'Group. Such groups
will become named parties if agreed to by a majority of the named parties or by a mutually
selected mediator. Named parties have twenty-one days to respond to the Initiation Let-
ter,
Each named party must appoint a. representative who' should have authority to .act. Ju-
risdictions are encouraged to designate a representative before one. is needed, This per-
son will be responsible for the party's interests and maintain communication throughout
the process. The representative must be named in writing.
• Pre -Initiation Meeting: Any jurisdiction, organization, group or individual may re-
quest an informal pre -initiation meeting with the Working Group coordinator.
9 initiation Letter: The conflict resolution process begins with an Initiation Letter from
a jurisdiction's governing body, which is sent to all named parties and the Working
Group coordinator. This must be accompanied by either a resolution or written
authorization from the same governing body.
The initiation Letter must identify the issues to be discussed; named parties to be in-
volved; name of theinitiating party's representative; others who will attend; and a brief
history of the dispute that indicates why this dispute Is appropriate for this process.
® Response Letter: The named parties must send a response letter to the Working
Group coordinator and all other gamed parties. The response fetter must indicate
the respondent's willingness to participate in a settlement meeting and include any
additional issues for discussion as well as a brief description and history of the
dispute from the respondent's point of view.
• Situation Assessment: At the request of a jurisdiction, organization,. group, or indi-
vidual, the Working Group coordinator or other neutral party can perform a situa-
tion assessment at any time, before or after initiation of the process. The situation
assessment can Involve examination of documents, interviews and assessment
April 2015 P1-135
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The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
Part 1: The Strategy
meetings, and can result in a recommendation concerning theissues to be ad-
dressed, parties that may participate, appropriate dispute resolution procedures.,
and a proposed schedule,
Private interests may ask any member of the Working Group to initiate the process. Any
public o.r private organization, group, or Individual may 'request that the Working Group
recommend use of the process. The Working Group can recommend that a potential
dispute is suitable for the process and transmit its recommendation to the potential par-
ties.
All requests must be in writing. and provide all required information. A Working. Group
representative must respond after reviewing the petitioner's request; meeting with the
requesting organization; group, or individual; and performing a situation assessment if
the Working Group representative agrees with this process, a recommendation will be
sent to the potential parties.
• Settlement Meetings; At a minimum, the representatives of the named parties
must attend the first settlement meeting. This meeting may be facilitated by a
member of the Working Group or a mutually agreed upon neutral facilitator. At
the Initial settlement meeting the named partiesmust consider adding named
parties; consider guidelines for participation; identify the issues to be addressed;
explore options for a solution; and seek agreement.
if the settlement meeting is not held or it produces no agreement to proceed with media-
tion or advisory decision making, then the participating parties may formally withdraw from
the process or proceed to a joint meeting of the governing bodies (as in Florida Statute
164); litigation; administrative hearing; or arbitration.
• Mediation: If two or more named parties submit a request for mediation to the
Working Group, then a representative of the Working Group will assist. them in
selecting and retaining a mediator. Alternatively, the named parties may request
that the Working Group coordinator make the selection or request similar assis-
tance from the South Florida Regional Planning Council.
A mediator who understands hazard mitigation issues and is acceptable to the named
parties shall mediate all disputes. Mediators shall be guided by the Standards of Pro-
fessional Conduct, Florida Rules for Certified and Court Appointed Mediators, Rules
10.020-10.1 a0 F.A.C.
m Advisory Decision Making: If two or more named parties submit a request for
advisory decision making to the Working Group, then a representative of the
Working Group will assist in selecting and retaining an appropriate neutral. Al-
ternatively, the named parties may request that the Working Group coordinator
make the selection. A neutral party that understands hazard mitigation issues
and is acceptable to the named' parties shall handle all disputes.
ApriI2015 , PI-139
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M9arni-Dade
•The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy
• Part 1: The Strategy
Initial settlement meetings are scheduled and held within thirty days of receipt of the ini-
tiation letter. Additional settlement meetings, mediation, or advisory decision -making
must be completed within forty-five days of the date of the conclusion of the initial settle-
ment meeting.
Timeframes may be altered by mutual agreement of the named parties. The optional
components of this process may be used in any order.
In the early stages of the process, the parties should address deferring or seeking stays
of judicial or administrative proceedings while using this process.
The form of all agreements shall be determined by the named parties and may include:
inter -local agreements; concurrent resolutions; memoranda of understanding; contracts;
plan amendments; deed restrictions; or other forms as appropriate.
Agreements signed by the party's representative may be in the formof a recommendation
to a formal body and subject to its formal approval.
Two or mare parties may reach agreements even If all of the named parties don't agree
or don't sign a formal agreement.
After settlement meetings, mediation, or advisory decision -making, the named parties
must submit a joint report to the Working Group. The report mustcontainany statements
that any of the named parties wants included as well as:
• An identification of the issues discussed;
• A fist of potentially affected or involved jurisdictions, public or private organizations,
groups, or individuals (even those who are not named parties);
• A timeframe for starting and ending informal negotiations, additional settlement
meetings, mediation, .advisory decision making, joint meetings of elected bodies,
administrative hearings or litigation;
Any additional assistance required;
• • A cost allocation agreement; and
• •A description• of responsibilities and schedules for implementing and enforcing
agreements reached.
Appropriate opportunities for public•Input should be considered during the process. Ap-
plicable public notices and public records requirements must be observed (Chapters 119
and 120, F.S.).
April 2015 P1-140
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LMS
Miart made
The Miami -Dade Local Mitigation Strategy.
Part 1: The Strategy
The participants agree to make every effort to keep costs at a minimum. Ail costs are to
be shared equally among the parties unless otherwise agreed upon or as recommended
by a mediator mutually selected by the parties.
To the extent possible, the confidentiality provisions of Chapter 44, F.S. will govern me-
diation under this process. By participating in this process, participants agree riot to offer
any comments, meeting records, or written or verbal settlement offers as evidence in
subsequent judicial or administrative action.
For further information please contact:
Cathie Perkins
LMS Coordinator
9300 NW 41st Street
Miami, FL 33178
(305) 468-5400
Cathie.aerkins@mlarrmidade.gov
mdimsCc+�.miamidade.gov
website: http://www.miamidade,gov/fire/mitigation.asp
April 2015 P1-141
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a3UttSo
ATTEST:
Todd B. Hannon
City Clerk
THE CITY OF MIAMI, a municipal
Corporation of the State of Florida
Daniel J.
City Manager
APPROVED AS TO FORM AND APPROVED AS TO INSURANCE
CORRECTNESS:
REQUIREMENT
rie Sh . rpe, Director
Depa ent of ' 'sk Management