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HomeMy WebLinkAboutM-74-0072Citu CIVIL SERVICE SOARI OFFICE 331E PAN AMERICAN DRIVE P. O SOX 7'08 MIAMI_ FLA 33132 The Honorable Maurice Ferre, Mayor City of Miami, Florida City Hall, 3500 Pan American Drive Miami, Florida 33133 Dear Mr. Mayor: .�s 101.1111.101111111110111111.1.1111111111 ROBERT L. i'A,JLK, .,P. EXECUTIVE SEC at rAtR January 24, 1974 The Civil Service Board, at a special meeting on January 22, 1974, called for the purpose of discussing the second report on Human Resource Manage- ment System by Booz, Allen and Hamilton, Inc., dated January 18, 1974, unanimously voted to advise you that it is in opposition to the imple• mentation of the report, as provided. In its consideration, the Board wishes to acknowledge that in the research for the report, members of the Board and the Civil Service Staff were in- volved in many interviews conducted to elicit information by the team of Booz . Allen consultants, along 'with numerous other officials and employees of the City of Miami, and welcomed the opportunity for assistance. Although the Board is opposed to the remedy offered in the recommendation by Booz, Allen and Hamilton, Inc., it must acknowledge that there are and have been areas revealed in the report which nzed to be rectified and which, in many instances, have already been or are being faced under the current organi- zational structure of the City, with projected solutions. It would be pre- sumptuous for the Board to conclude that the firm of Booz, Alien and Hamilton, Inc. could not assist the City of Miami to resolve some of its problems with- out demolishing existing structures. In every operation there are flaws which constantly need attention and the solution to one oftentimes produces another, no matter how good the intent. The Booz . Allen report was developed over a period of approximately six (6) months and in a rather hasty review of the report, the Board finds numerous inadequacies which will be presented to the Commission in a later report which is being prepared. One of the most glaring examples, however, is made in Vice President Stuart M. Matlins' statement contained in the introductory letter for the report which states, "We believe that the changes recommended in this report do not require changes in the City Charter." `s ccUAENTITEM tie 1 �E C c4, • 426-4 ,-1,11,04- aora3 The Honorable Maurice Terre Page 2 January 24, 1974 It is the conviction of the Civil Service Board that not only will Section 63 of the City Charter have to be amended to implement the recommendations of this report; there will also have to be amendments to the Civil Service Rules, and it is the further conviction of the Civil Service Board that to.implea went this report would be the key to total destruction of the City's Civil Service System which, with its existence, provides a healthy check and balance in the management processes between Management and ita employees. In behalf of the Civil Service Board, I remain Respectfully yours, Robert L. Paulk, Jr., Executive Secretary Civil Service Board RLP:bds "SUPPORTIVE D C CU M ENTS FOLLOW„ CIrt o? MtAMI, ,=LO IDA 1NTcR-Cr =1Cr „'._gy 7. r.ANDUM Honorable Members of the City Commission i ie.) /P. VT. Andrews City Manager S U31'c�.. J.AN 13 i L-'ooz • Allen & Hamilton Public Administration Services Report RSFSP'ENC29: S NCl03UA=3: • February 6, 1974, the City Manager will provide resolutions and ordinances needed to implement those areas of the ttvo reports that Omeet the approval of the City Commission. "SUPPORTIVE DOCUMENT The City of Miami. contracted the firm of Booz • Allen & Hamilton to conduct a 3-year Management L-nprovement Program which was financed in part by a Federal Grant from the Department of Housing and Urban Development under Section 701 of the Cornprehensive Planning and Management Assistance Program. Enclosed you will find the second report on the subject matter of a Human Resources Management System. Additionally, the firm of Booz • Allen & Hamilton will make a presentation at the City Com- mission Meeting of January 24, 1974, at which time they will provide the City Commission with additional information and the highlights of the report. In an effort to provide the City Commission with sufficient time to study and analyze the report and the recommendations contained the -rein, I am recommending the following procedures. At the City Commission_ Meeting of January 24, 1974, the firm of Booz • Allen & Hamilton will provide information on the report of Human Resources to assist the City Commission in better understand- ing the intent of the report. The City Commission received the first report entitled "Strengthening the Department Structure of the City of Miami" several months ago. It is proposed that additional elements of this report and the study of the Human Resources be implemented at the earliest possible date after the City Commission has accepted and approved the contents of each of the reports. It is further proposed that at the following Commission Meeting of ' ) J cc: Honorable Maurice A. .Ferro, Mayor DO�� ,,� 0 Honorable Manolo Reboso, Vice Mayor j' O: L., IL Honorable Theodore R. Gibson 7 Honorable Rose Gor!e 1/ []don difr:1Honorable J. L. Plun�rner, Jr. (''. ies of t ii report will be deli:-_ redi (`:? Monthty, J aruar y 2,7 , 1974, to: Civ:1 ervice Board, Department Directors, and Employee Representatives, DEVELOPING A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CITY OF MIAMI MANAGEMENT IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM MIAMI, FLORIDA Developing A Human Resource Management System CITY OF MIA MI, FLORIDA January 18, 1974 This study was financed in part by the Department of Housing and Urban Development under Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954, as amended. Booz, Allen & Hamilton Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL I. A SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Page Number 1 II. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 10 III. OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 15 IV. RECOMMENDED POLICIES AND PLANS FOR DEVELOPING A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 33 V. LONG-TERM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 68 A. GLOSSARY OF TERMS APPENDIX INDEX OF EXHIBITS Following Pa.__ ge __. I. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM !1 II . PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF HUMAN RESOURCE SERVICES • III. DEPARTMENTAL SERVICES NETWORK WITH PROPOSED STAGE II ORGANIZA- TION 34 37 IV. ILLUSTRATIVE QUARTERLY PERSONNEL STATUS REPORTS FOR FY74 & FY75 49 V. TENTATIVE STAFFING REQUIREMENTS AND INCREMENTAL COSTS FOR FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF HRMS 62 VI. EXAMPLES OF POTENTIAL HRMS BENEFITS 65 VII. PRESENT AND PROPOSED RESPONSIBILITIES IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF MIAMI VIII. THREE YEAR DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR HRMS AND RESTRUCTURED MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION 66 70 IX. PROPOSED ASSIGNMENT OF IMPLEMENTA- TION RESPONSIBILITIES 71 BOOZ•ALLEN & HAM ILTONIt,e. Management Consultants Mr. Paul W. Andrews City Manager, City of Miami City Hall Miami, Florida 33133 Dear Mr. Andrews: NEW TOP* WASNtNO•ON CLEVELAND CHICAGO DALLAS LOS ANGELES SAN XPANCISCO TORONTO MEXICO CITY SAO PAULO LONDON PARIS DUSSELDORR 245 PARK AVENUE NEW YORK • 10017 897-1900 ANtA CODE 212 January 18, 1974 Booz, Allen & Hamilton is pleased to submit this report on Developing a Human Resource Management System (HRMS) in the City of Miami. This is the second report in a series of studies commissioned under the City's three-year Management Improvement Program and financed in part by the federal government under Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954. It is part of our work to assist the City of Miami to strengthen its government and improve the quality and quantity of services delivered to residents and visitors. Our first report covered findings, conclusions, and recommendations for strengthening the department -level organization structure of Miami city government. It established a context for improvements in the area of human resource management as discussed in this report. Mr. Paul W. Andrews January 18, 1974 Page Two This report is organized into five chapters: Chapter I --A Summary of Recommendations for Developing a Human Resource Management System Chapter II --An Overview of the Concept of Human Resource Management Chapter III --Opportunities for Improving Human Resource Management in the City of Miami Chapter IV --Recommended Policies and Plans for Developing a Human Resource Management System in Miami Chapter V--Long-Term Implementation Plan for a Human Resource Management System In addition, a glossary of terms is included as an Appendix to the report to provide clear definitions of terms that may be unfamiliar. The report proposes a Human Resource Management System for the City which would comprise four major components: Position Management Personnel Procurement • Manpower Development • Employee Services These components encompass a broad range of issues important to the management of human resources in Miami including: • Streamlining the hiring process so that position openings in municipal service can be filled promptly and efficiently. Mr. Paul W. Andrews January 18, 1974 Page Three Reviewing and analyzing position qualifications and entry requirements to ensure all selection instruments and job criteria are job -related and valid. Structuring job content to meet all work requirements while providing job satisfaction and encouraging minority partici- pation in the city work force. Improving the process of evaluating employee performance in order to identify and reward outstanding performers. Providing for the systematic anticipation of future manpower needs based on improved management information on work output and employee utilization together with planned re- cruitment scheduling. Increasing the opportunities for employees to develop job -related skills and refining the promotion system to encourage selection of those individuals most appropriately qualified, based on merit principles, for advance level positions in municipal service. Providing for more regular and thorough orientation and counseling of city employees to facilitate the flow of information and improve communications between employees and management. A merit -based civil service system currently is the keystone of personnel management in the City of Miami. Established by City Charter, its basic principles govern the selection, retention, and advancement of all city employees in classified service. Miami's civil service system is predicated upon the traditional model of merit -based public employment that grew out of reformist reaction to "spoils" government, which was prevalent in many states and localities throughout the country earlier in this century. Mr. Paul W. Andrews January 18, 1974 Page Four .Although merit principles still prevail in Miami and must be maintained in policy and practice, certain methods and procedures used to carry out the merit principles do not meet the existing and emerging needs of a city of 350, 000 people and some 3, 700 employees in the 1970's. This is particularly significant in light of the fact that 80-90% of most city department budgets are spent on employee salaries and benefits. Strengthening the management of these human resources thus becomes a fundamental priority of Miami city government if it is going to provide city services at appropriate levels of quality and quantity. This report recommends steps to modernize, expand, and reorient current civil service and other personnel management methods and procedures within a systematic framework covering all human resource management functions. It does not recommend any changes in the civil service system that would alter or diminish the basic policy of merit -based employment. Key recommendations include: Refocussing the role of the Civil Service Board as a policy making, advisory and appeals body to strengthen its fact finding and adjudicative authority and its ability to service the Commission. Assigning responsibility to the City Manager for day-to-day administration of the civil service system, as well as other day-to-day aspects of personnel management. Mr. Paul W. Andrews January 18, 1974 Page Five Creating a new Department of Human Resource Services under the administrative direction of the City Manager to centralize all personnel administration related activities in Miami city government. Increasing the flexibility of the civil service system in order to attract, develop and retain the most appropriately qualified candidates for municipal service positions. Undertaking a comprehensive effort to analyze key positions in municipal service to determine relevant tasks, qualifications, criteria and training requirements for each job. Launching a vigorous affirmative action program to increase minority and female representation at all levels of Miami city government. Placing the new Human Resource Services Division under the administrative control of the City Manager is managerially the most sound and rational approach. The City Manager is accountable for service delivery. The delivery of service is personnel based. He must therefore have administrative control over the resources required to produce the services for which he is accountable. The administrative control must be exercised within the constraints of a carefully protected merit -based civil service system under the review and authority of a strong, independent Civil Service Board and Commission. All of these essential elements of a system of checks and balances are provided in the Human Resource Management System recommended in this report. We will be pleased to discuss any questions or comments you, the Commissioners or others may have on the content of this report. We Mr. Paul W. Andrews January 18, 1974 Page Six recognize that the City is anxious to begin making near -term improvements in various areas of human resource management and we are ready to assist in the implementation process. As discussed with the Commission, change may be a threatening process. Nevertheless, if the City of Miami is to become stronger, change is a necessity. We believe that the changes recommended in this report do not require changes in the City Charter. Rather they require action by the Commission, City Manager or Civil Service Board. We would emphasize, therefore, that these bodies will retain the power to undo anything they have done if changes made do not produce desired results. Before finalizing our recommendations we attempted to obtain the viewpoints and perspectives of a broad variety of knowledgeable and concerned individuals. Toward this end we held individual interviews or group meetings with all City Commissioners, the Civil Service Board and employee representatives as well as Department Directors and other city employees at all levels. We appreciate the cooperation we received and the candid exchange of viewpoints that took place. We look forward to joining with the City of Miami to carry out the imple- mentation stage of our work program in the coming months. 414 Stuart M. Matlins OOZ, ALLEN & HAMILTON Inc. Vice President ry truly you A I. A SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM I. A SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM This report concludes a six month study of personnel manage- ment policies, procedures and activities in the City of Miami by Booz, Allen and Hamilton Inc. as part of the ongoing Management Improvement Program initiated by the City and financed in part by the Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development. This chapter summarizes findings, observations and rec- ommendations concerning the management of human resources in the City of Miami and our recommendations for the development of a Human Resource Management System (HRMS) for Miami City government. The summary is presented in two sections concen- trating on: . Personnel Management procedures Personnel Management policy The distinction between policy and procedures is an essential one and is maintained throughout our work in this area. -1- 1. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT FUNCTION Personnel management in Miami was found to be a highly frag- mented function with no single identifiable source of responsibility for its overall coordination and administration. Various units and individuals within city government exercise responsibility for the several activities which are commonly classified as "personnel services." The Civil Service Board and its Office staff oversee the civil service system, the primary source of personnel management in Miami. which controls the hiring, classification, up- grading, evaluation and termination of all employees in municipal service. Special offices under the administrative control of the City Manager provide other vital personnel services including: ▪ Labor relations Training Work safety • Administration of the workman's com- pensation program • City-wide medical services Municipal departments provide certain personnel - related services to departmental employees on a decentralized basis with the degree and quality of services provided varying substantialty among departments. -2- We have concluded that this fragmentation of administrative control over the personnel management function has diminished the overall quality and effectiveness of human resource manage- ment in the City and, as a result, of service delivery. Con- sequently, our initial recommendation is to establish a new Department of Human Resource Services within prevailing civil service policy under the administrative control of the City Manager. The new unit will provide a centralized capability for administering all city-wide personnel management activities. Placing it under the administrative control of the City Manager is consistent with sound management principle and practice as it gives the Manager direct control over the resources he requires to carry out his role effectively. At the same time, civil service safeguards against politically motivated or capricious treatment of employees will be maintained and strengthened through the more sharply focussed, continuing policy and quasi-judicial authority of the Civil Service Board. Consolidating all personnel management activities under the administrative control of a Department of Human Resource Services -3- will require a number of modifications in the way the personnel management function is currently organized: Responsibility for administering the various aspects of the civil service system (i. e. re- cruitment, examination development and administration, placement, service ratings, classification and employee records) would be shifted from the Office of the Civil Service Board to the new Department along with some of those employees engaged in these activities at the time of transfer. City-wide personnel services currently provided by agencies other than the Office of the Civil Service Board would alsc be shifted to the new Department and appropriate staff absorbed. The Civil Service Board would retain and increase its concentration on the fundamental policy - making review and adjudicative functions granted it under the Charter. It would oversee all actions of the new Human Resource Services unit and play a stronger role in serving the Commission as a policy formulation and review body. The current role of the Civil Service Board would be modified accordingly to focus proper emphasis on its two most important functions: evaluating and formulating personnel policy; and fact- finding and adjudicating disputes between City employees and management arising out of the routine operation of the civil service system. -4- The Civil Service Board is vested by City Charter with authority to oversee the civil service system. Up to now, the Board has interpreted this mandate to encompass a five -part role: Promulgation of all civil service rules and regulations, including their revision, for sub- sequent approval by the City Commission Administration of all staff, procedures and routine office activities designed to execute civil service policies Enforcement of civil service provisions embodied in Ordinance No. 6945, the Civil Service Rules and Regulations ordinance Adjudication of disputes between city employees and management arising out of varying interpre- tations and applications of civil service pro- visions Fact-finding to support quasi-judicial decisions and to support advisory recommendations to the City Commission Thus, in pursuing its adopted roles the Board finds itself assuming the inevitably conflicting postures of policy- maker, administrator, enforcer, judge, jury and impartial advisor. Allocation of Board office staff resources is concentrated in support of the Board's administrative responsibilities. As a result, staff support for remaining Board responsibilities, its most important ones, is limited. It must be emphasized that under the Charter, and by any rule of sound public management, the Board -5- is the sole entity authorized to carry out certain policy and adjudicatory functions related to the civil service system. Admin- istrative housekeeping can be carried out by a variety of entities. We propose to strengthen the Civil Service Board by sharpening its focus as a policy making, fact-finding and quasi-judicial body. To do this, we recommend that its present administrative and housekeeping responsibilities be assigned to the new Department of Human Resource Services, along with appropriate staff, so that the Board can concentrate staff resources and its own attention on continuing fact-finding, review and advisory responsibilities. 2. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT POLICY IN MIAMI CITY GOVERNMENT Personnel management policy was found to reflect the pro- visions of Ordinance No. 6945, the Civil Service Rules and Reg- ulations ordinance. This ordinance provides the framework and prescribes the detailed procedures for executing personnel policy in Miami. Civil service, as practiced in Miami, is a detailed set of policies, procedures and practices for governing the hiring, selection, classification, promotion and retention of municipal employees in classified service. Miami civic service, like its models and pre- decessors in public service, is based on the principle of "merit" employment --candidates identified and selected on the basis of -6- "demonstrated" performance. The civil servirr system h:is produced many fine and dedicated public servants for the City of Miami over the years and need not be replaced nor revised significantly to achieve improvement in existing personnel manage- ment procedures. We have identified a number of opportunities for modifying and strengthening the system to make it less cumber- some, more equitable and sufficiently flexible and responsive to ensure the continued attraction and retention of capable public employees for Miami city government. Without such employees, the ability of the City to deliver services must be impaired. Local governments nation-wide are struggling to remain competitive in the market for highly qualified individuals to staff their organizations. The City of Miami, for example, is rapidly assuming a leadership role among local governments in generous compensation packages for municipal employees. The following practices embodied in Miami's civil service law, however, are illustrative of out -dated concepts which came in with the origin of the civil service system and exist to this day. They penalize the City in attracting and retaining individuals of superior calibre for municipal service: Primary and often sole reliance is on compet- itive assembled examinations for differentiating among job candidates at both entry and advanced -7- level positions. Assembled examinations his- torically have proved only about 30% -40% valid in predicting job performance and, at best, are only relatively indicative -of basic job aptitudes. Furthermore, written examinations have often proved culturally biased against minority and Women candidates and, as a result, unfairly penalize a large segment of the job applicant population. Restricted certification processes such as Miami's "rule of three" for open competitive and ''rule of one" for promotional job openings may pre- clude appointment of the most appropriately qualified candidate to fill available positions. Moreover, bonus points in Miami's certification system (such as veteran's and departmental preference) may distort merit selection criteria. Consequently, existing certification procedures may penalize Miami in attracting and promoting appropriately qualified candidates. Extensive, time-consuming and sometimes per- sonally objectionable entry procedures required of any job candidates under existing civil service provisions may create additional barriers to attracting and retaining highly qualified individuals, particularly in competing with the private sector. The cumulative effect of the procedural changes is far short of a major revision in personnel policy. This essential distinction between procedure and policy must not be blurred. Miami's Civil Service System and Board should continue to remain the dominant policy keystone of personnel management in City government. Proposed changes should permit Ilse• ('ity to compete more• success- fully for scarce high calibre personnel resources and to encourage their retention through a promotion system based on demonstrated -8- performance and achievement and overall appropriateness for advanced level positions. Ultimately, the continued survival of the City of Miami as an autonomous governmental entity rests with the efficiency and effectiveness with which it delivers services to Miami's citizens. The efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery varies directly with the quality of personnel resources and the proficiency with which they are managed. Changes in personnel management op- erations recommended throughout this report should help to ensure quality personnel and upgrade and strengthen management of 'these vital human resources. ;4 The next chapter outlines our approach to accomplishing these objectives --a system design for developing a Human Re- s9urce Management System in Miami. -9- performance and achievement and overall appropriateness for advanced level positions. Ultimately, the continued survival of the City of Miami as an autonomous governmental entity rests with the efficiency and effectiveness with which it delivers services to Miami's citizens. The efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery varies directly with the quality of personnel resources and the proficiency with which they are managed. Changes in personnel management op- erations recommended throughout this report should help to ensure quality personnel and upgrade and strengthen management of 'these vital human resources. The next chapter outlines our approach to accomplishing these objectives --a system design for developing a Human Re- s..lurce Management System in Miami. -9- II. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPt OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT II. AN OVERVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT This chapter presents an overview of the basic concepts, components, and elements of a Human Resource Management System (HRMS) for the City of Miami. Human resource management in the public sector is the applica- tion of the processes involved in obtaining. developing and utilizing the people required to provide public services. Human resource management involves planning, carrying out, and controlling such processes as: Defining resource (or manpower) needs Obtaining needed manpower resources Utilizing and developing these resources to their optimum levels of effectiveness and efficiency Providing basic support services to ensure proper functioning of these resources Traditionally, the management --planning. directing, con- trolling. and evaluating --of finances, equipment or capital improve- ments in government has received relatively close management attention. Manpower and human issues have been addressed in less systematic and effective ways. They should be addressed in an over- all system that considers all of the elements of people management and the interrelationship of these issues. -10- The Human Resource Management System (HRMS) we have set out for the City of Miami is comprised of four major components: position management, personnel procurement, manpower development, and employee services. An overall schematic for HRMS is depicted in Exhibit I, following this page, and described in more detail below. (1) Position Management The purpose of position management is ensuring that positions are established in sufficient number and with the appropriate mix of skills to handle the anticipated workload of the City government efficiently and effectively within available financing. Specific elements of position management include: Work measurement Manpower utilization Skills -needs assessment Job engineering Manpower planning Classification and salary administration Position budgeting (2) Personnel Procurement Personnel procurement involves the active recruitment, screening and placement of candidates for city employment as well as maintenance of personnel records to provide timely and PERT POSITION MANAGEMENT --- MINA -- MANPOWER UTI LIZATI ON f WORK MEASUREMENT H SKI LLS NEEDS ASSESSMENT L_ JOB ENGINEERING t ADMINISTRATION OF CLASSIFICATION AND SALARY PLAN MANPOWER PLANNING POSITION BUDGETING QUALIFICA` DETERMINI RECRUITMENT. REQUIS TIONINI MAN DEVELOP NEED: ASSESSMI CAREER PLANNING TRAINING AND EDUCATION } .NEL PROCUREMENT ONS ION EXAMINATIONS SELECTION EMPLOYMENT PROCESSING r PERSONNEL RECORDS IDMINISTRATION r doses. Specific elements SOWER DEVELOPMENT INT YT PROMOTIONS AND ADVANCEMENT ON-THE-JOB ,DEVELOPMENT -12- PERFORMANCE EVALUATION EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION ation steps necessary to i I LABS of individual employees CONTR AN1proving their job skills, NEGOTII _-._ -- tivating them to con- elivery of municipal are: nt �J etween employees ons, cooperation, Exhibit I City of Miami HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EMPLOYEE SERVICES DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS AND GRIEVANCES OR ACTS 0 kTI ONS BENEFITS ADMIN- ISTRATION ORIENTATION AND COUNSELING SERVICES SAFETY SERVICES MEDICAL SERVICES O. Shows flows and relationships between elements and procedures J ,c elements y to :nployees ib skills, con- ipal accurate information for management purposes. Specific elements of personnel procurement include: Requisitioning Recruitment Qualifications determination Examinations Selection Employment processing Personnel records administration (3) Manpower Development Manpower development involves the steps necessary to identify and meet the developmental needs of individual employees by evaluating their work performance, improving their job skills, preparing them for advancement, and motivating them to con- tribute to overall effective and efficient delivery of municipal services. Specific elements in this area are: • • Performance evaluation Development needs assessment Career development planning On-the-job development Training and education Promotion and advancement Employee motivation (4) Employee Services Employee services provide a link between employees and management to maintain communications, cooperation, and a mutually supportive work environment. Specific ele- ments of this component include: Orientation and counseling services Disciplinary and grievance action Employee benefits administration Safety services Medical services Labor contracts and negotiations This overall systems design for HRMS in Miami provides a framework for evaluating existing City activities in the area of personnel administration and a context for structuring improvements in the way human resources presently are man- aged. Several of the elements in each component of HRMS already are present in Miami's civil service system and other current personnel management activities . The object of this report is to identify opportunities for improving the management of human resources in the City, and thereby strengthen City government, through the development of a more comprehensive and effective system. The following chapter describes the existing system as it relates to Human Resource Management and describes areas for potential improvement. -14- III. OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT III. OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVING HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT This chapter highlights relevant issues in public personnel management, provides a brief description of Miami's civil service - system in the light of these issues, describes on -going personnel management activities in Miami together with assigned organizational responsibilities, and presents the overall conclusions about recom- mendations for improving human resource management in the City. Personnel management in most local governments generally can be described as a process, based on merit principles, for identifying, selecting, developing and retaining qualified individuals to staff public service organizations. Today, this process occurs within a rapidly changing social and economic environment which is testing the adapt- ability of current public personnel management policies to meet continually changing public service needs. 1. THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM EMPLOYED BY MOST GOVERNMENTAL UNITS WAS CONCEIVED BY TURN -OF -THE CENTURY REFORMERS TO COMBAT THE ABUSES OF PATRONAGE AND THE SPOILS SYSTEMS PREVALENT IN PUBLIC SERVICE AT THAT TIME Even though certain modifications have been made over time, civil service remains a dominant keystone around which public personnel management programs have been structured. Recently, -15- selected features of civil service systems have come under challenge as being insensitive to contemporary personnel management problems. Changes are being advocated by groups ranging from local public em- ployee unions to the National Civil Service League in order to resolve these issues. These national trends are reflected where appropriate and balanced with Miami's requirements in our human resource man- agement recommendations. 2. PREVAILING PUBLIC PERSONNEL POLICIES AND PRACTICES REFLECT TRADITIONAL CIVIL SERVICE PRINCIPLES As the result of the reaction of reformers against the spoils system in the public service, civil service policies and practices were designed to protect the integrity of the personnel management system against patronage abuse. The objective has been to identify and select candidates on the basis of "measured" ability and to develop and promote employees according to their "demonstrated" performance. However, as the National Civil Service League has pointed out in its Model Public Personnel Administration Law, "... many of the methods by which governments have contrived to assure merit employment and protect the service against past abuses have also served to exclude many well -qualified persons, severely limit the flexibility of respon- sible officials, and curtail the overall effectiveness of public service. " Restrictive selection and promotion practices which are commonly cited in many local governments include the following: -18- Competitive assembled examinations as the primary and, often, sole basis for ranking candidates for initial appoint- ment and promotion Restrictive selection processes whereby appointing authori- ties are limited to consideration of only a designated few of the top -ranked candidates from a position class eligi- bility to fill a position vacancy The establishment of an independent citizen body to administer the civil service system was an additional vehicle for combating the spoils system of political patronage. By removing administrative responsibility from the chief executive officer and assigning major administrative functions to an independent commission, it was felt that public personnel decisions would be insulated from politics effectively. However, in practice, independent civil service boards have exercised such a degree of authority and assumed such a variety of responsibilities as to become a considerable political force of their own, often beyond the reach of public accountability. Moreover, multi -layered administrative systems, characterized by independent and functionally -oriented citizen boards with adminis- trative responsibilities, have been identified as major barriers to streamlined and responsive public sector decision making, partic- ularly at the local level. As civil service systems have proliferated and become established throughout the country, new and different problems in public personnel management have emerged which conflict with traditional civil service practices. For example: -17- • Collective bargaining for public employees has become in- creasingly widespread. This conflicts with such traditional practices as guaranteed tenure for public employees and protective personnel rules and regulations. Affirmative action programs have been undertaken to over- come continuing under -representation of minorities and women in government. They identify certain traditional civil service practices as major barriers to the hiring and upgrading of minorities and women. The ability to attract and retain top calibre personnel has become increasingly difficult as civil service has erected barriers to lateral entry, restricted promotional opportuni- ties to specific classification series, lagged increasingly behind the private sector in competitive compensation (par- ticularly for certain scarce skilled personnel) and granted blanket tenure rights to public employees irrespective of job performance. 3. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN MIAMI IS CHARACTERIZED BY A STRONG CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM Personnel management in Miami is characterized by a strong municipal civil service system. Established by City Charter, civil ser- vice principles govern the selection, retention, advancement and classifi- cation of all employees in municipal service. The City's civil service system is patterned after the traditional model of merit -based public employment and many of the protectionist elements characteristic of these systems elsewhere are apparent in Miami today. The civil service system is administered by an independent Civil Service Board which promulgates all rules and regulations governing the system for City Commission approval and enactment. Equally -18- important, the Board adjudicates all disputes between city employees and City management arising out of the civil service system. The basic regulatory framework for civil service in Miami is contained in Ordinance No. 6945, "Civil Service Rules and Regulations. " This ordinance prescribes city policy covering practically all areas of personnel administration. The Office of the Civil Service Board provides staff assistance to the Civil Service Board in administering the system. Miami's civil service system has provided the city with capable, dedicated municipal public servants for many years. Traditional pro- cedures, however, have become cumbersome. Although merit principles still prevail in Miami, certain methods and practices developed to ensure merit employment appear no longer to meet best the needs of the City. The next section briefly summarizes some of the key problems emerging in Miami city government relative to civil service practices and overall personnel administration. 4. SEVERAL SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN MIAMI-- THESE PROBLEMS DIRECTLY AFFECT THE CITY'S ABILITY TO DELIVER SERVICES TO RESIDENTS AND VISITORS A number of problems have been identified in the organization, administration and policy framework of personnel management activities in Miami. -19- (1) Responsibility for Personnel Management Services and Activities Presently Is Fragmented Among Various City Departments and Boards No single source of management responsibility exists for coordinating and administering personnel management activities in Miami. Responsibility has been dispersed among several key officials, departments, and offices: The City Commission has the following responsibilities: ▪ Sets salary and benefits rates for city employees - Approves position allocations and appropriates required funds ▪ Approves personnel rules and regulations in ordinance form ▪ Selects a' City Manager to be chief executive of- ficer of the city • Appoints three of the five members of the Civil Service Board (the remaining two are selected by city employees in annual elections) The Civil Service Board has the following responsi- bilities: ▪ Administers the civil service system ▪ Initiates personnel rules and regulations and all revisions for subsequent Commission approval ▪ Sits as judge and jury over adversary hearings between city employees and administrative management ▪ Appoints an executive secretary to direct its office staff and supervises him -20- The Office of the Civil Service Board: ▪ Provides staff assistance to the Board in per- forming its administrative responsibilities, specifically in the areas of: .. Recruitment Examinations Employee records administration Employee service ratings Classification and salary administration Adversary hearing services The City Manager, as chief executive officer of the City: - Has final authority in matters of suspension and dismissal of city employees ▪ Appoints all department directors and their assistants ▪ Exercises ultimate appointive authority over all classified employees - Controls position allocations and filling of va- cancies through the budget process and personnel requisition approvals The Employee Services Office, a special staff unit reporting to the City Manager: • Directs the labor relations program including contract negotiations and administration ▪ Provides centralized safety and training services to all city departments ▪ Administers the workman's compensation program The City Physician's Office has the following responsi- bilities: • Conducts all employment -related physical examinations ▪ Certifies illness or disability for sick leave and workman's compensation claims -21- The Retirement Boards a body comprised of citizen, employee and management representation, has such responsibilities as: ▪ Commissioning impartial disability examinations ▪ Authorizing claims if certified ▪ . Recommending levels of pension benefits to the City Commission for approval The Finance Department administers the payroll and benefits program including: ▪ Maintaining and updating the Group Insurance and Retirement Plans • Providing secretarial services to the Retirement Board All Municipal Departments have such responsibilities as: ▪ Promulgating departmental rules and regulations which are approved by the Civil Service Board ▪ Conducting in-service orientation and training programs for departmental employees - Determining departmental manpower require- ment, including position planning and requisi- tioning to fill position openings (2) Fragmentation of Responsibility for Personnel Management Services and Activities Hampers the City's Ability to Properly Manage Its Human Resources This fragmentation of responsibility seriously hampers the City's ability to exercise proper administrative control over the management of human resources in Miami. -22- • Authority to oversee the civil service system is vested in the Civil. Service Board by City Charter and the Board has assumed considerable administrative re- sponsibilities through Ordinance No. 6945 (including administration of all recruitment, examinations, place- ment evaluation, classification and records activities) to support its authority. The City Manager has no authority over the Civil Service Board which is ac- countable only to the City Commission. Thus, a situa- tion has been created whereby authority has been granted and responsibility assumed by the Civil Ser- vice Board without sufficient accountability while the City Manager is held accountable without commensurate authority and responsibility. The Office of the Civil Service Board is engaged pri- marily in supporting the Board's administrative respon- sibilities. This reduces the overall effort devoted to the Board's vital fact finding activities and adversary hearing responsibilities. Hence, the Civil Service_ Board's adopted administrative responsibilities dilute its effectiveness in discharging its key advisory and quasi-judicial responsibilities. Furthermore, Board members' technical knowledge of personnel administra- tion may be insufficient to perform administrative re- quirements effectively, given the citizen -dominated composition of the body. (3) Existing Civil Service Policies and Practices Limit the City's Ability to Staff Positions With Appropriate Personnel Several rules and regulations embodied in Ordinance No. 6945 and prevailing practices of the Civil Service Board limit the City's ability to staff position openings properly. This, in turn, limits the effectiveness of the City in meeting overall requirements and emerging community needs. Examples of these rules and associa- ted limitations are as follows: -23- The provision for Board review and recommendation of all classification allocations and changes prior to the City Manager's approval limits the City's ability to structure jobs to attract the most appropriately quali- fied individuals to accommodate work requirements. Restricted certification procedures --a rule of three for entrance -level positions and a rule of one for promotions --limits the prerogatives of the appointing authority to choose the most appropriate candidate. Limitations on lateral entry from outside the City of Miami at advanced -level positions further restrict management prerogatives in staffing professional position openings. For instance, civil service rules prescribe that Assistants to Department Heads must be chosen from within departmental ranks. "Contaminants" in the certification process (i.e. , veterans' preference, seniority credits, departmental preference) may distort merit selection in that the top -ranked candidate may not be the most qualified to fill a position opening. Primary, and, in most cases, nearly exclusive, reli- ance on written examinations places excessive em- phasis on selection instruments which research has proved to be --at best --only 30%-40% valid in predicting job performance. Qualifications standards and instruments established by the Civil Service Board have been reported as often being irrelevant to job requirements. Cumbersome hiring procedures cause excessive delays in filing requisitions and may result in the loss of good municipal service candidates. The service rating system does not adequately differ- entiate between superior and average performance and places excessive burdens on management in justi- fying unsatisfactory ratings to the Civil Service Board. -24- (4) Municipal Employees Are Penalized by Selected Civil Service Practices and Procedures Miami city employees often are penalized by prevailing civil service practices and procedures, for example: Promotional opportunities are neither equitable nor consistent for all city employees. This is manifested in a number of ways: ▪ Certain class series have established career ladders (i. e. , police, fire, clerical) while others have one single position (e. g. , publicity writer). • Promotional practices under the Civil Service ordinance create undue hardships for employees seeking advancement. For instance, the prac- tice of dropping top -ranked candidates from the eligible register upon declining an appointment creates an unfair situation. Employees, in order to achieve the promotional opportunity they are most interested in, must literally anticipate the timing on position openings and gauge their per- formance on written exams against their com- petition accordingly. No opportunities exist for employees to advance as professionals, technicians, or skilled opera- tors without accruing supervisory responsibilities. Little or no training is available to help prepare employees for supervisory experience or the re- quirements for advanced -level positions. The lack of prescribed responsibility for comprehen- sive employee orientation and counseling results in insufficient attention afforded these employee service activities. Employees have no single informed source to whom inquiries regarding benefits, promotional op- portunities and other matters may be directed. -25- (5) Minority Participation in the City Work Force Fails to Reflect a Proportionate Representation in All Departments and Position Classes The number of minorities represented in various departments and position classes throughout the city fails to reflect sufficiently the prevailing ethnic mix within the community. Several programs have been initiated to address this imbalance, including: • Operation Badge --An intensive recruitment effort by the Miami Police Department to attract minority candi- dates to apply for the entry-level police officer position. Operation Hose --A similar effort on the part of the Fire Department. In addition, the Emergency Employ- ment Act produced several minority candidates for the Fire Department, five of whom were recently hired and sent through the Fire Academy. Nevertheless, severe imbalances still exist in pertain depart- ments and selected position classes, particularly for advanced - level positions. 5. OPPORTUNITIES EXIST FOR IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN MIAMI AND STRENGTHENING SERVICE DELIVERY Several opportunities exist for improving the management of human resources in Miami. This section provides a brief summary of key recom- mendations and Chapter IV outlines a plan for achieving improvements in human resource management through development of a Human Resource Management System in Miami. -26- (1) Centralize Overall Responsibility for Human Resource Management in a Single Department of Human Resource Services Centralization of overall responsibility for human resource management in a single municipal department under the administra- tive control of the City Manager will strengthen the City's ability to meet needs of departments and employees. It will establish a man- agerially logical point of administrative authority and accountability for managing and developing city manpower tied to service delivery. (2) Retain the Capability for Selected Personnel Functions on a Decentralized Basis Throughout the City Retention of the capability for providing selected personnel functions on a decentralized basis within the city departments is required to continue to meet certain management reporting and employee service activities at the individual employee level. (3) Strengthen the Role of the Civil Service Board as a Policy Making, Fact Finding and Quasi -Judicial Body by Relieving It of Day -To -Day Administrative Responsibilities Reassignment of administrative functions, while in no way diminishing its authority over the civil service system, permits the Civil Service Board to concentrate its energies on its primary missions --to recommend policy and hear and adjudicate disputes between management and classified employees. In addition, it gives it more time to advise its primary client --the City Commission. The potential for conflict arising over lack of objectivity will be -27- lessened by removing administrative duties from the body charged with hearing disputes arising out of the system it administers. (4) Ensure Sufficient Flexibility in Personnel Policies to Attract, Develop and Retain the Most Appropriately Qualified Personnel Sufficient flexibility must be introduced into Miami's system of managing human resources to attract, develop and retain the most appropriately qualified personnel. The following measures are illustrative of the various alternatives which exist for ensuring such flexibility in the system: Adopt ."Rule of the Register" for entry-level positions to increase the array of choices provided through the certification process. This measure has been recom- mended by the Civil Service Board but awaits Com- mission action. Adopt "Rule of Three Groups" for promotional posi- tions. This will increase the alternatives within which management can exercise its prerogatives while somewhat restricting selection, commensurate with the validity of available ranking instruments. Consider installing selective certification for appro- priate position classes such as Planner which may require particular knowledge, skills or experience in a limited area of the field. Establish training and performance milestones as prerequisites for consideration of promotion to ad- vanced -level positions. Permit lateral entry from outside the City into advanced -level positions on a limited basis. Establish a quota system, if necessary, to protect existing muni- cipal employees against overuse or abuse of such a prerogative. -28- Extend advantages to municipal employees in competing for advanced -level position through greatly expanded in-service training and development programs. Make promotional opportunities more uniform and con- sistent for all City positions through: • Opening up promotional positions to all City employees who meet minimum qualifications standards regardless of class series. ▪ Creating dual -track advancement opportunities for municipal employees who wish to progress as technicians but have no desire to become managers. Install an employee performance appraisal system which will adequately differentiate among unsatisfac- tory, marginal, adequate, good and outstanding per- formance. (5) Initiate a Comprehensive Job Analysis Program Throughout the City A comprehensive job analysis program should be initiated throughout the City to help determine appropriate job -related task elements upon which to base: Position qualifications Recruitment efforts Assembled examinations In-service training curricula Performance standards for employee evaluation purposes Work standards, where applicable Job analysis is an analytical process which identifies and examines the tasks which are accomplished in completing a partic- ular job and determines what the worker does in relation to data, -29- people and things, and the level of complexity at which he performs. It is a technique developed by the U.S. Training and Employment Service of the Department of Labor and only recently adopted ex- tensively by local governments. In other local governments, job analysis has succeeded in: • Establishing qualifications standards based on the re- quirements of the job Drafting position descriptions which accurately reflect job tasks Developing test instruments which reflect actual job content Reducing the number of "dead end" positions and con- solidating positions and classes, to the extent possible, to simplify the classification plan and its administra- tion Increasing entrance -level and promotional opportuni- ties for minority candidates through job engineering and establishment of paraprofessional positions Refining training curricula and performance evaluation criteria to reflect actual job requirements In Miami, job analysis should be undertaken by a project team comprised of operations analysts selected from existing City employees and supplemented by appropriate representatives from the Management Services and Human Resource Services Departments. Technical assistance in developing and implement- ing a job analysis project will be provided during the implementa- tion phase of the overall management improvement program. -30- (6) Undertake a Vigorous Affirmative Action Program To Increase Minority Representation in the City of Miami A vigorous affirmative action program should be undertaken to upgrade minority representation in the City work force. Prior to launching such a program, the following events should take place. The City Commission should adopt a resolution pre- scribing overall city policy regarding affirmative action and designating the City Manager as Chief Affirmative Action Officer charged with developing a comprehensive affirmative action plan and executing it upon Commission approval. The City Manager should nominate a citizen -comprised task force with appropriate representation from the Miami community to assist in developing a city-wide affirmative action plan along the policy guidelines prescribed by the City Commission. The plan should: ▪ Specify actions to be taken to increase minority participation in city government ▪ Outline methods and strategies to achieve prescribed goals - Designate specific time targets to meet in achieving progress toward goal attainment - Assign responsibility to various city officials and employees for successfully accomplishing affirmative action objectives The plan may include such elements as: - Restructuring job content through the job analysis program to provide increased opportunities for low- and under -skilled job candidates ▪ Prescribing qualifications standards which are specifically job -related and non-discriminatory in impact • Revising the certification procedure to permit increased minority consideration for job open- ings and encouraging minority appointment through departmental performance standards ▪ Reviewing existing hiring procedures to identify potential barriers to minority employment such as polygraph examinations and discrimina tory medical 'standards - Intensifying recruitment efforts through com- munity based civil service outreach offices and supplemental qualifications assistance training programs ▪ Establishing para-professional programs for sub -entry level positions in municipal service ▪ Demonstrating increased sensitivity to the Spanish speaking population through Spanish language advertisements and job announcements, Spanish speaking reception personnel, Spanish language test instruments, where appropriate, and designated position classifications with Spanish speaking prerequisites The next chapter presents a system design for the overall manage- ment of human resources in Miami. -32- IV. RECOMMENDED PLAN TO DEVELOP A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IV. RECOMMENDED PLAN TO DEVELOP A HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM This chapter presents a system design for the overall management of human resources in the City of Miami. This system incorporates recommendations summarized in the previous chapter into the basic framework for an HRMS. This framework is described in sections dealing with: Administrative organization Position management Personnel procurement Manpower development Employee services Basic steps toward implementing the system, including projected staffing, costs and anticipated benefits 1. ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FUNCTION Overall management and administration of HRMS in Miami requires several key organizational changes to accommodate the revised align- ment envisioned under the new proposal. These organizational modifica- tions require formal action on the part of the Commission, the Civil Service Board, and the City Manager for implementation. They will not -33- change or dilute the civil service merit system as established and articulated in the City Charter. Instead, the thrust of these recommenda- tions is to strengthen the current merit -based civil service system by establishing clearly delineated responsibilities and roles for its effective operation. The following paragraphs describe these major organizational recommendations. (1) Establish a New Department of Human Resource Services Under the Administrative Control of the City Manager as Part of the Anticipated Administrative Services Group A Department of Human Resource Services should be estab- lished under the Deputy City Manager for Administrative Services with responsibility for providing specific centralized city-wide personnel services. Overall departmental organization should be structured as in Exhibit II, following this page. Creation of this new department will involve some or all of the following actions: Transferring existing routine administrative pro- cedures conducted by the Office of the Civil Service Board to the new Department of Human Resource Services, specifically: • Recruitment - Examinations development and administration ▪ Selection and placement - Employee records administration ▪ Classification and salary administration - Employee service ratings Absorbing the existing Offices of Employee Services and the City Physician in total. -34- • HUM. SAFETY TRAINING & POSITION SERVICES DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICES • SAFETY OFFICER • TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT OFFICER • POSITION MANAGEMENT WORKMEN'S WORK TRAINING PERFORMANCE MANPOWER CLAS; COMPEN- SAFETY AND EVALUATION PLANNING TION SATION EDUCATION A[ BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS CITY MANAGER DEPUTY MANAGER ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES HUMAN RESOURCES SERVICES DEPARTMENT _J OA RESOURCES SERVICES DIRECTOR FFICER IFICA- PAY MIN. CIVIL SERVICE BOARD OFFICE OF CIVIL SERVICE BOARD EMPLOYEE INFORMATION SERVICES EMPLOYMENT l INFORMATION SERVICES OFFICER EMPLOYEE RECORDS ORIENTATION INFORMATION primarily functional iment to be assigned Services •vices 'ive new middle he new department rces Services .cer t Officer icer 'icer Could continue to be In addition, it should )f Safety and Training ed to the most appro- EMPLI SER Personnel Officer and • positions with personnel EMPLOYMENT position class. The assifying the existing into the new position raining incumbents. RECRUITMENT •am support positions as e six new units of the artment: chnician and Clerk EX4Bted to each unit as T AI 16 existing employees ►il Service Board and ity Physician's Office —es Unit into the new Is Department should hiring new staff. EXHIBIT II City of Miami PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF HUMAN RESOURCE SERVICES SAFETY IYMENT SERVICES ;ICES • SAFETY OFFI('SERVICES OFFICER WORKMEN'S COMPEN• SATION EMPLOYMENT PROCESSING MINAIONS. )MIN. MEDICAL SERVICES • CITY PHYSICIAN MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS PREVENTIVE HEALTH DIRECT ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY ADVISORY AND POLICY REVIEW RESPONSIBILITY NEW UNITS .al •d tnd Dnne1 ig is as to aes d ze d I FA Creating six new sections with a primarily functional orientation within the new department to be assigned major program responsibilities: - Position Management ▪ Training and Development Services ▪ Safety Services ▪ Medical Services - Employment Services ▪ Employee Information Services Establishing one top-level and five new middle management positions to staff the new department as it develops: Director of Human Resources Services • Position Management Officer - Safety Officer • Training and Development Officer ▪ Employment Services Officer ▪ Employee Information Officer The Medical Services section would continue to be headed by the City Physician. In addition, it should be noted that the existing title of Safety and Training Administrator could be converted to the most appro- priate new position. Creating a new position title of Personnel Officer and staffing the new section officer positions with personnel recruited or promoted into this position class. The City may wish to consider reclassifying the existing title of Personnel Specialist III into the new position class and blanketing in any remaining incumbents. Creating and staffing new program support positions as needs emerge within each of the six new units of the Human Resource Services Department: - Personnel Specialist, Technician and Clerk positions should be allocated to each unit as needs dictate. - Absorption of about 12 of 16 existing employees from the Office of the Civil Service Board and all existing staff of the City Physician's Office and the Employee Services Unit into the new Human Resource Services Department should reduce requirements for hiring new staff. -35- (2) Create "Departmental Services Units" in All Large Municipal Departments To Provide Selected Personnel Functions on a Decentralized Basis Departmental Services Units should be created in the following major departments and anticipated service divisions to provide selected personnel services on a decentralized basis: Community Development Services: One unit should be sufficient to serve this relatively small service area. Community Improvement Services: One unit will be required to serve each of the three anticipated new departments because of their large size: • Engineering and Maintenance Services • Sanitation - Recreation and Tourism Administrative Services: One unit should suffice for this area. Police Services and Fire Services: These departments may wish to retain their existing administrative appa- ratus to supervise all internal departmental services. In addition, existing titles such as "Assistant Chief for Administration" may be elected to be retained and the practice of assigning uniformed personnel to staff duty as "Training Officer, " etc. , need not be discontinued. Together with creation of the new Departmental Services Units, the City should establish a new position class of "Depart- mental Services Administrator" and staff the five new units as each respective service area is emplaced. The existing title of "Personnel and Safety Officer" should be considered for reclassi- fication into the new position class and its three incumbents blanketed in. The Departmental Services Unit network is depicted in Exhibit III, following this page, which shows a reorganized city government as proposed for Stage II of organizational development in our report of August 1973 on overall city government organiza- tion. Each unit would perform the following functions: Day-to-day employee relations Work safety In-service skills training Time and attendance control Budget control and manpower planning (3) Retain Staff To Assist the Civil Service Board in Discharging Its Hearing Administration Role A staff, headed by an Executive Director, should be retained to assist the Civil Service Board in discharging its responsibilities for hearing administration. All remaining staff of the Office of the Civil Service Board not absorbed into the new Department of Human Resource Services should be kept on to support the Board. In fact, the City may also wish to consider the addition of new position classifications to improve the Office's ability to carry out increased responsibilities in the area of policy review and evaluation. -37- DIVISIONS ,RTMENTS 1 1 I 1 1 1 I 1_ r _J AGER/POLICE CHIEF t DEPUTY CITY MANAGER DEPUTY CITY MAN COMMUI C,DMMUNITY UriPHOVEMENT SERVICES ENGINEERING AND MAINTENANCE SERVICES • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT SANITATION SERVICES RECREATION & TOURISM SERVICES POLICE • DEPT. • DEPT. • DEPT. SERVICES SERVICES SERVICES UNIT UNIT UNIT PLANNING SERVICES IVISIONS ITMENTS BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS 4 CITY MANAGER ASSISTANT �ITY MANAGER 1 1 i I • COMMUNITY! RELATIONS L • LABOR CONTRACTS & NEGOTIATIONS EPUTY CITY MANAGER Q1TY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES ENGINEERIN( AND MAI NTENANC SERVICES OFFICE OF THE PLANNING BOARD 111••••1100=J CIVIL SERVICE BOARD OFFICE OF CIVIL SERVICE BOARD DEPUTY CITY MANAGER/FIRE CHIEF FI RE SERVICES CODE ENFORCEMENT SERVICES • DEPT. i SERVICE( UNIT v • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT FIRE • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT is to _he full GENERAL SERVICES •y admin- Jhs. L_ itions ointing rmally Brvice 1VISIONS TMENTS I I I I I i_ MM DEPUTY CITY M, I I, ►1 0 ENGINEERING AND MAINTENANCE SERVICES • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT SANITATI 1 O SERVICES • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT EXHIBIT III City of Miami DEPARTMENTAL SERVICES NETWORK WITH PROPOSED STAGE II ORGANIZATION E I DEPUTY CITY MANAGER ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES 1 ._ - FINANCIAL SERVICES MANAGEMENT SERVICES • DEPT. SERVICES UNIT 1 I I l 1 1 1 HUMAN RESOURCE SERVICES (4) Assign Labor Relations as a Staff Function Responsible Directly to the City Manager In order to discharge his role in an effective manner, the City's Labor Agent should be totally independent, yet cognizant of all operating units in the City. As a staff arm of the Manager's Office, the Labor Agent would be afforded the proper perspective to represent management fairly in all contract negotiations and administration. At the end of this chapter we have set out in detail a listing of the projected staffing requirements, costs and•anticipated benefits from full implementation of HRMS as proposed in this report. 2. POSITION MANAGEMENT Current city activities in the area of position management are limited primarily to traditional techniques of classification and salary admin- istration. These activities are summarized in the following paragraphs. (1) All Positions in the Classified Service Are Allocated to Appropriate Classes Upon Recommendation of the Civil Service Board and Approval of the City Manager New positions and reclassification of existing vacant positions are normally instigated at the request of the departmental appointing authority. Reallocations of existing occupied positions are normally initiated by the employee. Staff from the Office of the Civil Service Board conduct position audits and recommend appropriate action to the Board. -38- (2) Position Descriptions Are Maintained by the Office of the Civil Service Board The practice in the past has been to contract out to consulting firms comprehensive periodic reviews of the classification and salary plans. Limited maintenance and updating activities are con- ducted by the Office staff. The most recent contract review was completed by Yarger Associates in January 1973. (3) The Office Staff Participates in an Annual Tri-County Wage and Benefits Survey The annual Tri-County Wage and Benefits survey determines prevailing rates for key bench mark positions in municipal service. Lead responsibility for conducting the survey is rotated among Tri-County agencies each year. On the basis of survey results, the Executive Secretary makes recommendations to the City Manager on changes to the salary plan deemed warranted. (4) Positions Are Authorized to Municipal Departments During the Annual.Budgeting Process Departments justify incremental staffing requests on their departmental budget submissions and subsequent approval by the Manager normally elicits Commission authorization in budget appropriation ordinances. New positions and newly vacant positions require a departmental requisition in order to activate the machinery -39- necessary to supply the departmental appointing authority with sufficient certified candidates from which to choose. (5) Significant Areas of Position Management Are Not Currently Addressed Little activity is apparent in Miami in the remaining areas of position management, including: Work measurement and work standards development Manpower utilization and performance reporting Skills needs assessment Job engineering to encourage employee satisfaction and increase job opportunities for women and minority candidates Systematic manpower planning based on volume of anticipated work load coupled with forecasting of internally -supplied and externally -recruited man- power requirements To address these areas, we recommend that the City under- take a systematic program of position management under the direction of the Position Management unit of the Department of Human Resource Services. (6) A Work Measurement Program Should Be Initiated for Appropriate Departments and Target Position Classes A work measurement program should be undertaken to develop a series of applicable work standards in appropriate areas for the following purposes: -40- To provide bench mark work output standards for performance reporting and appraisal of supervisory personnel To assist in identifying and monitoring costs for improved cost accounting systems To help identify critical work tasks for skills needs assessment to better balance skills to job responsi- bilities To establish guidelines for determining manpower utilization and forecasting staffing needs based on expected work loads Lead responsibility should be assigned to the Operations Analysis group anticipated for the new Management Services Department in cooperation with the special job analysis project team discussed in Chapter III. (7) The Cit Should Determine Manpower Utilization in Labor Intensive Areas and Initiate a Reporting System for Management Purposes Current utilization patterns of labor intensive manpower should be determined to identify priority areas for productivity improvements. This activity should also help in projecting man- power requirements to accommodate anticipated work loads. This effort should become a primary product of the work measurement program and, again, should be assigned to the Operations Analysis group for lead responsibility with the cooperation of the job analysis project team. -41- (8) An Inventory of Skills Needs Should Be Undertaken Through the City -Wide Job Analysis Project and Systematic Needs Assessment Program Initiated Prior to Annual Position Budgeting The city-wide job analysis project should yield considerable data on skills needs of positions throughout the Miami city govern- ment. Utilizing project results as baseline data, systematic assessment of job -oriented skills needs should be conducted prior to authorization of new positions or filling of position vacancies, in certain cases. Lead responsibility for skills needs assessment should be assigned to the Position Management Officer. (9) The New Departments of Management Services and Human Resource Services Should Initiate a Job Engineering Program on a Limited Basis To Increase Employment Opportunities for Lower -Skilled Individuals A job engineering program should be initiated on a limited basis to identify priority candidates for job restructuring to create additional opportunities for minority and lower -skilled individuals to be employed in municipal service. In addition, ongoing moni- toring of job content should be observed to enhance opportunities for job satisfaction and enrichment among City employees. (10) A Systematic Manpower Planning Program Should Be Established by the Human Resource Services Department A systematic manpower planning program should be established through linking departmental work load projections, manpower -42- utilization reporting, turnover analysis and career development planning. Manpower requirements should be forecasted and com- pared with position turnover experience to develop an annual recruitment schedule for meeting emerging manpower needs on a timely basis. Lead responsibility should be assigned to the Posi- tion Management Officer with work load projections supplied by individual departments, manpower utilization reports generated by the Operations Analysis group and baseline data on turnover analysis supplied internally within the Human Resource Services Department. (11) The Classification and Salary Administration Program Should Be Restructured and Expanded in Scope Relegating Housekeeping Functions to the Human Resource Services Department The scope of the classification and salary administration program should be expanded to include ongoing maintenance of the classification plan on a cyclical basis in addition to the present system of exceptional audits. Ongoing maintenance should: Keep the classification plan sufficiently up to date Help to avoid problems over reclassification requests Preclude the necessity for frequent hiring of salary and classification consultants -43- The Position Management Officer would have lead responsibility with considerable interchange indicated with departments and with the Payroll and Benefits Administration section of the Finance Department. (12) Position Budgeting Should Be Formalized as an Integral Component of the Annual Budgeting Cycle Position budgeting should become a formalized process during the annual budgeting cycle to ensure rational allocation of positions to organizational units consistent with city-wide work priorities and service level objectives. Lead responsibility would be assumed by the Budget Administration unit of the new Management Services Department. Considerable support for Budget Admin- istration activities should come from the Position Management unit of the Human Resource Services Department. 3. PERSONNEL PROCUREMENT Personnel procurement in Miami, unlike Position Management, currently encompasses the complete range of activities or elements in the HRMS. Our recommendations in this area involve expanding the scope and restructuring the administrative responsibilities of the current group of activities. These current activities include: Requisitioning: Paperwork initiated by municipal departments and sent to the Civil Service Board and City Manager providing notification that they are prepared to fill a position vacancy -44- Recruitment: Formal notification of position openings through job announcements and media advertisements, usually limited to a single box on the classified page of the major local newspaper Qualifications Determination: Determining appro- priate qualifications criteria for position openings and screening applicants for municipal service positions according to established criteria Examinations: Developing assembled examinations to test knowledge and aptitude of job applicants and administering the testing and scoring program Selection: Involves the process of certifying job candidates for potential appointment, including a series of background investigations, a pre- employment medical examination, a polygraph examination, a physical agility exam for selected positions and an employment interview with departmental appointing authorities Employment Processing: Includes all paperwork processing requirements to enroll new employees into the payroll, pension and group insurance systems Personnel Records Administration: Maintaining and updating source documents in employee records jackets and personnel data for manage- ment purposes in predominantly manual form Recommended improvements in personnel procurement activities are devoted primarily to one of three key objectives: Streamlining the process to make it less cumbersome and time consuming Increasing management flexibility to hire job candidates appropriate to work requirements con- sistent with overall accountability for job performance and the merit system -45- Eliminating barriers to minority employment where traditional merit "protective" devices appear no longer to meet contemporary career service needs in Miami city government (1) The City Should Consider Eliminating Routine Position Control in Order To Streamline the Requisitioning Process The use of the personnel requisition process as a budget control mechanism should be re-evaluated and consideration given to eliminating routine position control as exercised currently by the budget unit of the City Manager's Office. Approval and authorization of position allocations should provide sufficient control except in extenuating circumstances (such as revenue shortfall) when position control on an exceptional basis might be authorized. (2) Recruitment Efforts for Scarce Skills and Women and Minority Candidates Should Be Intensified Within Hunnan Resource Services Recruitment efforts have traditionally been passive, relying on "walk-in" applicants or the "man coming to the job. " More aggressive efforts for recruiting women, minority and scarce - skill candidates should be employed with the lead for this activity being taken by the new Human Resource Services Department. The following are illustrative examples of potential improvements in this area: -46- Establish `outreach" centers in appropriate locations throughout the Miami community to dispense employ- ment information and collect job applications. Request additional funds for increasing media adver- tising, including periodic spots in community -based radio stations and newspapers. Increase visits made to vocational and trade schools in order to attract qualified applicants for scarce -skill trades and skilled labor positions. Examinations could be given in the schools as part of regular course work. Use bilingual recruitment personnel. (3) Qualifications Criteria Should Be Refined Through the City -Wide Job Analysis Project Conducted By the Human Resource Services and Management Services Departments Qualifications criteria currently are oriented toward general eligibility standards rather than specific job -related aptitudes, skills, knowledge and experience. Qualifications criteria should be upgraded significantly through the recommended city-wide job analysis project. Screening of job applicants can then be conducted on a more rational, job -related basis. This would be a joint effort on the part of Human Resource Services and Management Services Departments. The results would be reviewed and evaluated by the Civil Service Board. -47- (4) The Job -Relatedness of Testing Instruments Should Be Improved Through the Joint Efforts of the Civil Service Board and Human Resource Services Department Examination content has been reported by a number of Miami city employees as being somewhat irrelevant and often out-of-date for selected position classes, particularly in skilled trades. A thorough review of exam content should be undertaken by Human Resource Services and the Civil Service Board as an outgrowth of the job analysis project to modernize testing instruments and ensure their job -relatedness. More formal test validation -- assessing the correlation between test and subsequent job perfor- mance --may have to wait until job -valid measures of work perfor- mance are developed. In the meantizne, expanded use of qualifications appraisal boards and performance tests may be appropriate. (5) Selection Practices Should Be Revised To Increase Flexibility and Eliminate Questionable Pre -Employment Qualifying Requirements Selection practices defined in the Civil Service Ordinance should be revised where possible to permit "Rule of the Register" certification for open competitive positions. In addition, the pre- employment qualifying practice of requiring a polygraph examination should be reviewed. A certificate attested by the job candidate that he is drug -free and waiving disability rights if he provides -48- false information should be sufficient for most positions. Moreover, medical standards for employment eligibility should be formally specified and specifically job -related. Rejection of candidates on medical grounds should be carefully documented and aggrieved candidates given impartial redress by the Civil Service Board if they can obtain a contradictory medical opinion. These revisions should be researched by the Board staff with assistance from Human Resource Services and the City Law Department. They should then be presented to the Board and Commission for appropriate action. (6) Document the Personnel Record Keeping Practices in Written Procedures Manuals and Computerize Appropriate Personnel Information Personnel record keeping practices should be formalized in written procedures manuals under the direction of Human Resource Services. In addition, appropriate personnel information should be computerized, as practical. Guidelines for retention of personnel records on a decentralized basis should be developed and issued to departments. Key personnel data needs for management purposes should be identified and unified manual reporting systems capable of being automated as capacity is in place should be developed. An illustration of a personnel management report is provided in Exhibit IV, following this page. -49- XHIBIT IV (a) 7.ity of Miami PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 74) Positions ra.r Positions Unfilled Vacancy r. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. Department . Community Development Services - Planning Sves, - Code Enforce Sves. • Ofc Planning Bd. ▪ Community Improvement Services - Public Works - Public Properties - Sanitation - Parks & Recreation - Publicity & Tourism - Public Facilities Administrative Services Services - Communications - Finance - Internal Audit - Employee Services - City Physician - Ofc Planning Bd. . Police . Fire . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office . City Attorney's Office FY Positions Actual New Promotions/ PrO. Department Authorized Beg. Qtr. Hires Transfers In TIICA . Community Development Services - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. . Community Improvement Services - Public Works - Public Properties - Sanitation - Parks & Recreation - Publicity & Tourism - Public Facilities . Administrative Services Services - Communications - Finance - Internal Audit - Employee Services - City Phy..sician - Ofc Planning Bd. . Police . Fire . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office • City Attorney's Office Total City E ILLUSTRATIVE QUA RTERL1 Termination/ Separations Actual End Qtr. Turnovi Rate/QtY r. !f2r2.• . . . • • . ist.P4cA1,1,1,tti 0 ; . _ 41' • . . r.. -.• • - • • ••-•• • •• Promotions/ Transfers Out Department Community Development Services - Planning - Code Enfoi - Ofc Planni Community Improvemen Services - Public Wo: - Public Prc - San.itation - Parks & - Publicity - Public Fai • Administrat Services - Communit - Finance - Internal A - Employee - City Phys - Ofc Plann . Police . Fire • City Manag Office - City Clerk: Office • City Attor Department . Community Development Service s - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. . Community Improvement Services - Public Works - Public Properties - Sanitation - Parks & Recreation - Publicity & Tourism - Public Facilities 'XHIBIT IV (a) 7ity of Miami it PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 74) Positions Far Positions Unfilled Vacancy r. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. . Administrative Services Services - Communications - Finance - Internal Audit - Employee Services - City Physician - Ofc Planning Bd. . Police . Fire . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office . City Attorney's Office Total City Department • Community Development Services - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. rIV(b) Miami 3ONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 75) Positions Flit' Positions Unfilled Vacancy ,r. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. • Community Improvement Services - Eng. & Maint. Sves. - Sanitation Sve s . - Rec. & Tourism Sves. . Administrative Services - General Sves. - Financial Sves. - Management Sves. - Human Resource Sves. . Police Services Fire Services . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office . City Attorney's Office Total City Department . Community Development Services - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. FY Positions Actual New Promotions/ Prom(, Authorized Beg. Qtr� Hies Transfers In Try e . Community Improvement Services - Eng. & Maint. Sves. - Sanitation Sves. - Rec. & Tourism Sves. . Administrative Services - General Sves. - Financial Sves. - Management Sves. - Human Resource Sves. . Police Services . Fire Services . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office . City Attorney's Office Total City Actual New Beg. Qtr. Hires ExHIBt IV (b) City of Miami ILLUSTRATIVE QUARTERLY PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 75) Positions promotions/ Promotions / Termination/ Actual Turnover Positions Unfilled Vacancy Transfers In Transfers Out Separations End Qtr. Rate/Qtr. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. Department Community Development Services - piing Sves. - Code Enforce Swig. - Ofc Planning Bd. . 'Commtmity Improvement Services public Works - Public Properties - Sanitation - Parks & Recreation - Publicity & Tourism - Public Facilities EXHIBIT IV (a) City of Miami ILLUSTRATIVE QUARTERLY PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 74) • Positions FY Actual Turnover d Vacancy AuthorizediBeg.gQtr. Hires Tr�sfers In Transfers Out SeparNew Promotions/ Promotions/ ations, End Qtr. Rate/Qtr. Positions Overf11Month Rate Qtr. . Administrative Services Services - Communications - Finance - Internal Audit - Employee Services - City Physician - Ofc Planning Bd. , Police . Fire City Manager's Office City Clerk's Office City Attorney's Office Total City Department Community Development Services - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. EXHIBIT IV (b) City of Miami ILLUSTRATIVE QUARTERLY PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 75) Positions FY Positions Actual New Promotions/ Promotions/ Termination/ Actual Turnover Positions Unfilled Vacancy Authorized Beg. Qtr. Hires Transfers In Transfers Out Separations End Qtr. Rate/Qtr. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. . Community Improvement Services - Eng. S. !hint. Sves. - Sanitation Sves. - Rec. & Tourism Sves. Ad.-ainistrative Services - General Sves. - Financial Sves. - Management Sves. - Human Resource Sves. Police Services Fire Services . City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office • City Attorney's Office Total City h Department Community Development Services - Planning Sves. - Code Enforce Sves. - Ofc Planning Bd. EXHIBIT IV (b) City of Miami ILLUSTRATIVE QUARTERLY PERSONNEL STATUS REPORT (FY 75) Positions FY Positior.s Actual New Promotions/ Promotions/ Termination/ Actual Turnover Positions Unfilled Vacancy Authorized Beg. Qtr. Hires Transfers In Transfers Out Separations End Qtr. Rate/Qtr. Vacant Over 1 Month Rate/Qtr. Community Improvement Services - Eng. & \laint. Sves. - Sanitation Sves. - Rec. s Tourism Sves. . AtLainis:rative Services - General Sves. - Financial Sves. - Management Sves. - Human Resource Sves. Police Services Fire Services City Manager's Office . City Clerk's Office . City Attorney's Office Total City 4. MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT Existing efforts in the City of Miami to motivate and develop municipal employees are generally fragmented, unsystematic and limited in scope. Principal areas of concern by city employees in manpower development include the following: Training traditionally has been provided on a depart- mental basis and coordinated by a City Safety and Training Officer. This position has been vacant for months, however, and the City's training efforts are very limited. Exceptions exist, though, particularly for the uniformed services where designated training officers provide comprehensive training services for police and fire personnel. Advancement in municipal service is achieved through civil service based promotions. Promotions, although theoretically predicated upon demonstrated merit performance, are subject to a number of variables such as turnover and timing which are not uniform for all employees nor indicative of merit performance. Performance appraisal is limited to the current Service Rating program which only identifies and reports unsatisfactory performance on a semi-annual basis. This technique does not allow any differentiation between marginal and outstanding work performance. Our survey of city employees indicates that this area is of particular interest to line employees. It is apparent that the City must increase its commitment to and invest- ment in the development and motivation of city employees. This increased emphasis is basic to improving work performance and preparing employees for advancement to positions of increased work responsibility. At the same time, the City must protect itself from unsatisfactory work performance through a systematic program of performance evaluation and corrective actions, where appropriate. The responsibility for manpower development has traditionally been that of management. Until now, however, little has been done to assure that department managers and city management as a whole carry out this responsibility. As a line department under direct City Manager authority, the new Human Resource Services Department presents a significant opportunity for implementing and enforcing improvements in this area. The new Human Resource Services Department (HRSD) should take the lead in carrying the recommended improvements under Civil Service Board review that are discussed in the following paragraphs. (1) Inventor Cit -Wide Develo•ment Needs on a S stematic Basis The City should maintain an up-to-date inventory of municipal employee development needs. Needs can be assessed through the job analysis project and periodic employee surveys as well as through monitoring of appropriate research and training curricula. (2) Initiate S stematic Career Selected Municipal Departments on a Limited Basis in Sel Career development potential should be monitored and developmental milestones scheduled on an individual basis for certain areas of municipal service (i.e., Police and Fire -51- Departments, all second -line supervisors, middle managers and executive employees). A program should be initiated on a pilot test basis to assess the feasibility of extending such a program city-wide. (3) Schedule On -the -Job Development Opportunities to Provide Skills Training and Improve Work Performance On-the-job development opportunities should be provided on a decentralized basis throughout the City to improve overall work skills and performance capabilities. Although delivered on a decentralized basis, city-wide coordination of on-the-job develop- ment services should be the responsibility of the Training and Development unit of HRSD. (4) Expand Trainin and Educational Op ortunities for Miami City Em 1p ogees The City should broaden training and educational opportunities available to city employees and encourage participation in these through appropriate incentives, such as: Training and educational attainment prerequisites for promotional eligibility for selected advanced -level positions . Training and education milestones as a prerequisite for merit increases or exceptional bonuses or other monetary incentives -52- (5) Revise Civil Service Promotional Practices To Permit Increased Flexibility for Staffing Advanced -Level Positions Promotional practices should be revised to permit increased flexibility in staffing advanced -level positions so that the City and its employees may benefit from having the beat qualified persons assume the critical middle management and professional positions. Avenues toward implementing this recommendation include: "Rule of the Register" should be instituted for open -competitive positions. "Rule of Three Groups" should be instituted for promotional positions. Selected and limited use of lateral entry at advanced - level positions should be permitted to obtain personnel with specialized or professional experience and training not possessed by current city employees. Existing municipal employees should be extended advantages in competitive situations through significantly expanded training and development opportunities rather than the current "bonus point" system. Opening up of promotional eligibility to all municipal employees who meet minimum qualifications should be considered. Selective certification should be permitted based on well -established performance and qualifications standards for promotional positions. Flexible training and experience milestones should be built into advanced -level position qualifications standards. These proposed revisions should be carefully researched by HRSD and the Board staff to assure that they are applied in such a way as to reinforce the merit -based civil service system. Intensive legal examination will be required also. The results of these efforts should then be presented to the Board and Commission for their review and approval. (6) Strengthen the Service Rating Program Through Adoption of an Employee Evaluation Instrument That Will Differentiate Among Varying Degrees of Performance The employee evaluation process should be revised to permit a complete performance appraisal based on job -related criteria. The job analysis project should assist in identifying critical job - related task elements and determining appropriate performance standards. A basic evaluation instrument, capable of city-wide adaptation, should then be designed to accommodate specific job - related performance criteria as well as the more traditional "personality trait" and quantitative/qualitative work output evaluation factors. In the past, evaluation mechanisms have proven unsuccessful for a number of reasons including the inability of the Board staff to enforce the proper execution of evaluations by departmental management. With no direct control over depart- ment managers, the Board had no effective recourse in cases of non-compliance. It is recommended, therefore, that this new effort be shifted to HRSD where the authority of the City Manager -54- may be used to ensure compliance and proper execution of evaluations. Results of evaluations, however, that directly affect employee status would still be applicable to and reviewed by the Civil Service Board as they are today. (7) Consider Making the "Merit" -Based Compensation Program Effective To Provide Rewards Commensurate With Employee Performance Subsequent to implementation of an improved employee evaluation program, the City may wish to consider revising the automatic merit increase compensation program to provide monetary rewards commensurate with employee performance. This might take the form of productivity incentives, "job rate" compensation policies, performance bonuses or the like. However, full development and implementation of a time -merit compensation plan should await total city-wide acceptance of the strengthened performance appraisal program. 4. EMPLOYEE SERVICES Existing activity in the area of employee services ranges from predominantly informal efforts such as employee orientation and counseling to more sophisticated computer -based payroll and benefits administration. Other current activities classified as employee services include: -55- Disciplinary and Grievance Procedures: Miami has established procedures for disciplining employees and providing them impartial redress through the grievance process. However, the resulting adversarial proceedings appear to have damaged overall manage- ment/employee relations. Work Safety: The City's Safety and Training Officer position has remained unfilled for an extended period of time so safety engineering activities are practically non-existent. The Employee Services Office administers the workman's compensation program, though, and safety services are provided in a few city departments on a decentralized basis. However, existing efforts fall far short of emerging Occupational Safety and Health Administration requirements. Medical, Services: The City Physician's Office conducts pre -employment physical exams and certifies illness and disability claims but no :systematic employee health program exists. Labor Relations: All labor negotiations and contract administration activities are coordinated through the Employee Services Office where work load in this area is generally experienced on a cyclical basis coinciding with the contract periods. It is apparent that current activities in the area of employee services offer opportunities for expansion and improvements, particularly in safety services and employee orientation and counseling. (1) HRSD Should Institute an In -Service Orientation and Counseling Program An in-service program to provide city-wide orientation and counseling services should be instituted on a centralized basis as part of the new Employee Information Services section of HRSD. A dedicated period should be set aside each week to provide general orientation for new city employees and the new section should be staffed with sufficiently informed reception personnel to assist employees in assessing and retrieving information on job opportunities. In addition, professional counseling relative to career guidance should be made available to municipal employees. (2) Disciplinary and Grievance Procedures Should Be Tied Into the HRSD Counseling and Performance Evaluation Programs In-service counseling and performance evaluation programs should provide the means for identifying and resolving routine grievances and disciplinary appeals. Counseling sessions provide an opportunity for discussing unsatisfactory performance and suggesting corrective action. Performance evaluations could be designed to highlight potential work problems in a counseling environment and propose proper solutions before conflicts occur. This positively oriented process can save valuable time for the Board and the Commission and lessen the animosity generated in legalistic employee/management confrontations. -57- (3) Benefits Administration Procedures Should Provide Employees With Required Information and Prompt Claim Service No major problems were identified in the benefits adminis- tration area. There is an apparent need, however, for more complete information for employees and management alike concerning the present and future value of municipal compensation packages. In addition, claim service to employees should be as prompt and responsive as possible. HRSD should provide a means of responding to compensation cases to inform individuals clearly of their benefit rights. (4) HRSD Should Institute a Self -Enforced Safety Standards and Inspection Program A self -enforced safety standards and inspection program should be instituted under HRSD to anticipate and comply with emerging Occupational Safety and Health Act requirements. The program should be composed of three elements: • Safety Training and Education Safety Inspection and Standards Review Accident Investigation and Analysis Standards initially promulgated should be drawn from existing federal industrial standards currently being enforced by the Occu- pational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Our survey of city -58- employees uncovered significant areas for improvement in the safety and first aid programs available to field crews. (5) Health and Medical Services to City Employees Should Be Expanded Under the City Physician in HRSD Health and medical services to city employees should be moderately expanded to include a preventative health program including diagnostic and inoculation services on a limited basis. Expanded health and medical services should meet OSHA guide- lines for industry recommended in the State of Florida OSHA plan. Health services for field crews as basic as having first aid kits on all crew vehicles and regular first aid training for all crew foremen could provide a sound beginning. (6) Labor Relations Should Be Handled by the Office of the City Manager Labor relations should be afforded appropriate city attention by assigning it as a staff function to the City Manager's Office. Efforts should be concentrated on: Improved coordination of labor negotiations with annual budget calendars Establishing a routine channel of communications between the Office of the City Manager and employee representatives -59- Administering labor contracts consistent with individual contract provisions while maintaining, to the extent possible, equitable and uniform treatment of all city employees irrespective of employee group affiliation 5. BASIC STEPS TOWARD IMPLEMENTATION Implementation of a comprehensive human resource management system requires action by the Board of Commissioners, the Office of the City Manager, and the Civil Service Board and its staff. (1) Implementation Must Take Place in a Gradual and Coordinated Way With Participation by Those Directly Concerned and Affected The recommended HRMS cannot and should not be unilaterally imposed by any single unit of City government. The recom- mended changes should be the product of the evolution of a new management structure and should develop as a result of careful consideration by all parties involved and concerned with manage- ment of the City's human resources, including: The Board of Commissioners The Civil Service Board The Office of the Civil Service Board The Office of the City Manager Department directors Employee groups and their representatives Community representatives For this reason, all of these parties were involved in the process of designing the recommended system described in this report to -60- obtain the benefit of their experience and viewpoints. This open environment for developing new administrative procedures and processes for an HRMS is considered vital to the eventual success of the recommended system and should be continued. Before submission of this report, discussions concerning basic HRMS recommendations were held with Commission members, members of the Civil Service Board and its Office, managers at all levels in the city government and employee representatives. Recommendations will be reviewed in more detail with them during implementation. Once the Commission considers further development of HRMS, the first stage of implementation can begin as outlined below. It should be noted that the five stages of implementation overlap in time sequence in some cases. Stage 1 - Review and orientation discussions concerning detailed HRMS plans, policies and programs involving those units and individuals that will be affected by specific improvements. Stage 2 - Formulation of a work plan for implementing HRMS that reflects the policy priorities of the City government and securing formal Commission approval for specific actions, as required. Stage 3 Establishing the new HRMS administrative organization through creation and staffing of ne w units, and phasing in operations consistent with work steps indicated by the overall work plan. -61- Stage 4 - installing new systems and procedures to improve and streamline the existing personnel administration processes and initiating new programs to strengthen overall management of human resources in the City. Stage 5 - On -going operation of new organizations, systems and procedures. Each of these stages will require the participation of a number of different units and individuals. This participation should be coordinated by the Office of the City Manager with special responsibility for implementation assigned to the new Deputy City Manager for Administrative Services. This responsibility should be shifted largely to the Human Resource Services Director when the position is filled and the Executive Secretary of the Civil Service Board. Ultimately, accountability for the proper installation and administration of an HRMS remains, as the courts have recently indicated, with the City Manager as the chief executive officer of the City and the appointing authority under the Charter. (2) Staff Should Be Added to the Human Resource Management System on a Staged, incremental Basis Tentative staffing requirements and costs required for complete implementation of organization recommendations proposed throughout this chapter are displayed in Exhibit V. following this page. Staffing increments should be staged to -62- City of Miami WE STAFFING REQUIREMENTS AND INCREMENTAL COSTS FOR FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF HRMS . Personnel Spec) . personnel Tech . Personnel Clerl . Nursing Staffin; Positions HUMAN RESOURCE SERVICES STAFF TOP MANAGEMENT Tentative Staffing Existing Req= ens New Staff . Director of Department 1 0 11 1 0 . Assistant to Department Head 1 1 0 . City Physician MIDDLE MANAGEMENT . Departmental Services Administrators . personnel Services Officer . Labor Coordinator 5 3 2 5 3 2 1 1 0 PROGRAM SUPPORT 0 6 4 0 . Personnel Specialists 10 4 . Personnel Technicians 1136 3 . Personnel Clerks 3 3 0 . Nursing Staffing CIVIL SERVICE BOARD STAFF 1 1 0 . Executive Secretary 1 0 1 . Assistant to Executive Secretary . Personnel Technicians 2 0 2 2 0 2 . Clerical Staff Total 52 34 18 • As of December 31, 1973. • • Direct salary cost only. Does not include fringe estimated at 17%. $30, 000 16, 000 18, 000 20, 000 14, 000 12, 000 8, 000 14,000 12,000 TENTATIVE STAFFING REQUIREMENTS AND INCREMENTAL COSTS FOR FULL IMPLEMENTATION OF HRMS coincide with program priorities as they are addressed. In addition, the staffing should be reassessed annually to ensure that each unit of HRMS is properly staffed to accomplish its assigned policy review and program administration duties. (3) Benefits of thed Outweigh Full l hdIncremental Staffing Costs uccessful Lrnplementation of HRMS Should g Successful implementation of HRMS will provide the founda- tion for near -term efficiencies in personnel management processing costs as well as some productivity improvement in municipal ser- vices. In all likelihood, however, these benefits will not result in savin s in the traditional business sense. Rather, these benefits are likely to surface in two different forms: Quantitative Cost Avoidance: Producing more units of service under existing manpower levels. Qualitative Service Improvements: Improving the level or,effectiveness (impact) of existing City services. The level of quantifiable benefits from HRMS can best be understood through three examples related to: Job Analysis, Work Measurement and Other Productivity Improvements Accident and Injury Reduction Employment Processing Improvements -63- Approximate benefits in each example are highlighted below: Job Analysis, Work Measurement and Other Productivity Improvements A job analysis and work measurement program will identify areas where specific job tasks can be redefined or restructured to increase productivity of individual positions. The effect of this type of program in the City of Miami can be made with generalized but reasonable data to illustrate the effect of increasing productivity. Experience in other local governments proves that a 20% increase in productivity, as a result of a program of this type, is a conservative figure. If all positions in the City were improved by only 10%, the dollar value of cost avoidance would exceed $3 million annually. Of this $3 million, $1.2 million could be expected to be attributed to labor-intensive services to the public. This, in effect, would allow the City to provide that much more service to the residents of Miami. Accident and Injury Reduction The cost of workman's compensation due to injury or serious illness has risen significantly over the past five yea:7s. The real costs of injuries are beyond the basic compensation benefits and include overtime pay often required to fill in for missing employees (as in the case of police or fire with fixed manpower require- ments). There is also a cost of diminished services which may also be equated to approximately the cost of overtime pay for the sake of discussion. A sound work safety and preventive health program, con- servatively, can be estimated to reduce vacancy days by as much as 20% annually based on national figures and our past experience. Using available data, we estimate the effect of this reduction to be approximately $160, 000 annually. -64- Employment Processing Improvements Another form of position vacancy occurs when job openings are not filled promptly, and, again, cost per unit of service increases because of overtime pay or the level of service decreases in proportion- ate dollar value. While accurate data is not presently kept on days/position vacancy, using reasonable esti- mates, the degree of cost avoidance available by cutting the average vacancy time from 60 to 40 work- days is estimated to be in the area of $50, 000 annually. Other forms of cost avoidance and service improvement exist in less tangible forms. For example, the improvement of employee skills through an ongoing and effective training program can contribute to productivity improvement also. Our past expe- rience indicates that the dollar value of such programs usually is equivalent to 1%-2% of total staff salaries, or approximately $300, 000-$600, 000 annually in Miami's case. Examples of other types of potential benefits resulting from improvement in each area addressed in th.: complete lhiman Resource Management System are providedein Exhibit VI, following this page. Benefits can and should be measured on an annual basis as a means of monitoring the success of implementation efforts. During implementation, specific benefit measures should be devel- oped by the operations analysis unit of Management Services. These measures should be developed for specific programs and be well - understood by all those involved. Human Resource Management System Area of Improvement . POSITION MANAGEMENT - Work measurement - Manpower utilization - Skills needs assessment - lob engineering - Manpower planning - Position budgeting - Classification and salary administratior. . PERSONNEL PROCUREMENT - Requisitioning - Recruitment - Qualifications determination - Examinations - Selection - Employment processing - Personnel records administration . MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT Development needs assessment - Career planning - On-the-job development - Training and education - Promotion and advancement - Performance evaluation - Employee motivation EXHIBIT VI (1) City of Miami EXAMPLES OF POTENTIAL HRMS BENEFITS Potential Benefit Examples . Increase manpower utilization `or v.nderutilized pos.-ions. . Work measurement standards may ie ce.ve'.oped to c eter- mine manpower utilization, and irenti`y cats. an4 arias for productivity improvement. . Work load requirements may be p ie::ed on a monthly o- annual basis to minimize positior ncis: and etrpbye: downtime. . Increased productivity through ',ever :rgi leered jcbs. . Increased job opportunities for Norarc minority gr3ups. . Development of more interesting ale pwsrnally sa::lsf.ring jobs through job enrichment prog;a Tns. . Increased and more intensive a edit c lassi` cations. . Streamlined requisitioning process decreases time lapse between requisition and employment. . Increase in the number of qualified applicants for city employment, especially minority and women applicants. . Increased clerical and supervisory productivity in the procurement process. . Reduced overtime costs related to positibn vacancy.. • . Streamlined personnel records management system and resultant greater ease of access and reduced access and processing cost. . Improved opportunities for upward mobility. . Greater training and education opportunities. . Improved means to recognize and reward superior employee performance and resultant improve- ment in performance in response to incentives. Human Resource Management System Area of Improvement . EMPLOYEE SERVICES - Counseling and orientation - Disciplinary actions and grievances - Benefits administration - Safety services - Medical services - Labor contracts and negotiations EXHIBIT VI (2) Potential Benefit Examples . Reduce the number of cases that require Civil Service Board action and/or Commission. . Reduce job related accidents involving time lost at work. . Reduce sick leave costs. (4) Establishment of the Full HRMS Concept Will Strengthen the Civil Service System While Allowing Better Management Control Over City Service Delivery Exhibit VII, following this page, provides a detailed summary of responsibilities for human resource related activities at present and as proposed under the fully developed Human Resource Man- agement System described in this report. As can be seen from the Exhibit: No changes are recommended in the civil service system that alter or diminish the basic policy of merit -based employment. No changes are recommended that change the policy making, advisory, appeals, fact finding or adju- dicative authority of the Civil Service Board. Procedural changes are recommended that affect the routine administrative Board and the Office of thee of the Civil Service City Manager. The overall result of centralization of human resource - related administrative responsibilities in the Human Resource Services Division will strengthen the civil service system and the City's ability to serve its citizens, visitors and employees. Placing the new Human Resource Services Division under the administrative control of the City Manager is managerially the most sound and rational approach. The City Manager is account- able for service delivery. The delivery of service is personnel -66- . Position budgeting • Classification and Salary Administration Personnel Procurement . Requisitioning • Recruitment EXHIBIT VII (1) City of Miami PRESENT AND PROPOSED RESPONSIBILITIES IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF MIAMI Type of Activity or Policy Setting and Evaluation Respornibility Work Element Present Proposed Admfnfstrative and Operational Responsibility Present Proposed Position Management . Work measurement . Not currently done . City Manager - HRS • HRS . MSD . Manpower utilization . Not currently done . City Manager .. ▪ HRS . HRS . MSD . Skills needs aasesment . Dept. Directors . Dept. Directors . Dept. Directors . HRS . Civil Serv. Office . Dept. Directors . Job engineering . Not currently done . Civil Service Board - . HRS . Manpower planning . City Manager . City Manager . City Manager . HRS . sty Manager • City Manager . Budget office . Budget office . HRS . avil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . fiRS Office . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . HRS Office . City Manager . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . HRS . City Manager . City Manager Office . City Manager Qualifications examination . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . HRS Office . City Manager (Initial screening) Examinations . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . HRS Office . Civil Service Office Selection . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . avil Service . Civil Service Office Office . Department . HRS Directors . Department Directors IS = Human Resource Services Division. D = Management Services Department. City of Miami PRESENT AND PROPOSED RESPONSIBILITIES IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF MIAMI Type of Activity or Policy Setting and Evaluation Responsibility Work Element Present Proposed Administrative and Operational Responsibiitiy Presentd Position Management HRS . Work measurement • Not currently done . City Manager MSD . HRS ' . Manpower utilization . Not currently done . City Manager . MSD. FIRS Dept. Directors . Dept. Directors . FIRS Skills needs aaseasinent . Dept. Directors • Civil Serv. Office . Dept. Directors . Job engineering • Not currently done • Civil Service Board . HRS . Ci Manager . City Manager . City Manager . HRS . Manpower planning �'ang g Manager . Budget office . Budgetudoffice • Position budgeting .City Manager Y g . Classification and . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . CCiivil Service • FIRS Salary Administration Personnel Procurement HRS . Requisitioning . Civil Service Board . Civi1 Service Board • Civil Offica Service . City Manager . Civil Service Board . Civil Service . HRS . Recruitment .Civil Service Board Office City Manager . City Manager • City Manager Service Board .Civil Service HRSQualifications examination . Civil Service Board . Civil Civ (Initial screening) ffice .City Manager ce Board .Civil Service HRS Examinations •Civil Service Board Servi Office . Civil Service Office Civil Service . Civil Service . Selection .Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board ' Office Office . Department . HRS Diteaoars . Department Directors HRS = Human Remtuce Services Division. MSD = Management Services Department. EXHIBIT VII (2) Administrative and ype of Activity or Policy Setting and Evaluations Responsibility Operational Reaponsipli Work Element ed — T Prim Proposed Present Personnel Procurement (coned.) . Employment processing Personnel Records Administration Manpower Development . Performance evaluation . Development needs assessment . Career planning . Training and education . On -the -lob development . Employee motivation Employee Services . Labor coc,tracts and negotiation • Benefits Administration . Civil Service Board . City Manager . Finance . Budget Office . Civil Service Board . Finance . Individual Departments . Civil Service Board . Not currently done city-wide . Not currently done city-wide . Employee Services . Selected Departments . Not currently done city-wide . Not currently done in a systematic fashion . City Manager . Commission . City Manager I S = Human Resource Services Division. MSD = Management Services Department. . Civil Service Board . City Manager . Finance . HRS . Civil Service Board . HRS . Civil Service Office . City Manager . Finance . Budget Office . Civil Service Office . Finance . City Manager . Individual Departments . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Office . Individual Departments . City Manager . HRS . City Manager . HRS . City Manager . HRS . City Manager . HRS . City Manager . HRS • City Manager . Commission . City Manager . HRS . Finance . Civil Service Office . ti S . Finance . HRS . Individual Departments . HRS . Individual Departments . Employee Services . HRS . Selected . Selected Departments Departments IAD . HRS . Individual Departments . HRS . Individual Departments . City Manager . City Manager . Employee Services . HRS . Finance . Finance Type or Activity or Work Element EXHIBIT VII (3) Administrative and Policy Setting and Evaluation RespondbilitY Opata tonal Re3PotnibilitY Present Proposed Present Prod E __ Sake: (Coated.) entatioa and . Not currently done . City Manager counseling services systematictlly city-wide . Medical services . Safety services Disciplinary actions and grievances . City Manager . City Phyddan . City Manager . City Physician . HRS . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board • Civil dSe office . City Manager urna=H Resource Services Division. MSD = Management Services Department. . HRS . Individual Departments . HRS . HRS . Civil Service Board and Office . City Manager based. He must therefore have administrative control over the resources required to produce the services for which he is account- able. The administrative control must be exercised within the constraints of a carefully protected merit -based civil service system under the review and authority of a strong, independent Civil Service Board and Commission. All of these essential ele- ments of a system of checks and balances are provided in the Human Resource Management System recommended in this report. The development and installation of a comprehensive HRMS for Miami requires careful and detailed planning. This planning should be done in the context of implementing the overall management organization structure proposed in our August 1973 report concerning strengthening the overall organization structure of the City and is considered in detail in the next chapter on long-range implementation of the recommended Human Resource Management System. -67- V. LONG-TERM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM V. LONG-TERM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM This chapter presents the details of a plan for implementing proposed human resource management system recommendations. These recommendations to strengthen and improve human resource management as carried out under the civil service system are of value to the City of Miami only if the means of accomplishing the improvements are carefully planned for and the action steps well - understood in detail. Where such plans are not made or maintained, cities have traditionally experienced problems in effecting needed change. The implementation plan for HRMS recommendations is discussed below in terms of how, by whom and within what time frame, actions may be accomplished, including: The basic approach The time frame for development Recommended management and staffing assignments 1. THE BASIC APPROACH The basic approach to HRMS implementation is a simple one. char es in organization structure to erect the framework. It begins with g It then progres ses through cycles of design and implementation with increasing depth to add people to carry out the functions. Each cycle evolves from organ izational design to procedural change with considerable -68- air overlap between the steps. This overlap should help to assure a smooth implementation of organizational and procedural recommendations. An essential feature of the approach is that it relies on team management to get things done. This approach is similar to the one we recommended for the adoption of the Deputy City Manager (DCM) concept presented in our organization report (August 1973). Two basic tools will be supplied to assist the City in the implementation process: Proposed organization structures --The recommended overall city organization charts for several phases of organizational development can be found in the Allen ini zation report presented to the City by Booz, August 1973. A detailed organization structure for human resources management is contained in Exhibit II, following page 34. HRMS Polic Guidelines Workbook--Thisflooseleaf notebook contains descriptions • Current processes systems • Issues pertinent to each process • Goals for each process recommended • Suggested guidelines for HRMS policies Both these tools are working documents to provide the City with a starting point for implementation. The organization structure outline and the Wor kbook must be refined and expanded as the various stages of impleme ntation are reached. Details on using the Workbook are explained in its introduction. It will be provided to the City in a separate volume within the next few weeks. -69- 2. THE TIME FRAME FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPLETE HRMS The basic near -term organization development should be carried out over a five to six month period. This allows for gradual implemen- tation. The near -term implementation starts with a series of meetings with elected officials and selected employees and Civil Service Board and office representatives. In these meetings we will introduce the details of the organization changes which are recommended to take place in subsequent months and on which agreement to proceed has been provided by the appropriate authority. Some of the major organizational changes recommended include: Creation of a Deputy City Manager for Administrative Services Establishment of a new Human Resource Services Department, within the anticipated Administrative Services Group Creation of Departmental Services Units to provide certain personnel functions The roposed implementation of the HRMS or parts of it depends P on approva l and passage of ordinances by the City Commission as well as specific actions by others. These ordinances will permit the developme nt of a series of near -term and long-range improvements of human resource management. A scheduled plan for.the in the area ement development of the improved human resource manag three year resented in Exhibit VIII, systems recommended in this report is p following this page. -70- EXHIBIT VIII (1) City of Miami EAR DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR FIRMS AND TCTURED MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION Fiscal Year 1974 Fiscal Year 1976 1. ORGANIZATION DEVELOPIV. 1. Staff the Deputy City ManIPlete realignments of Service Divisions to of the City Manager. ect Stage III organizational structure. . Community ImprovemelPlete staffing of key managerial positions. . Community Developme . Administrative Servicelplete staffing of Management Services • Police Services (Policeartment. . Fire Services (Fire Ch iplete staffing of Human Resource Services 2. Create 5 Service Divisionartment. City Manager. Within 5 r group existing city depart service units (see Stren t Or anization Structure of August 197 3. Begin staffing Managemer Hire a Director of Man . Absorb incumbent city incorporated units - Internal Audit Depar a - Budget Admini - Data Processing Sec Select 5 Operations An employees and assign i Section. 4. Begin staffing Human Ref . Hire a Director of Hun THREE -YEAR -DEVELOPMENT PIJAN Fiscal Year 19 Fiscal Year 1974 I. ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT 1. Staff the Deputy City Manager positions within the Office of the City Manager. • Community Improvement Services --existing • Community Development Services • Administrative Services existin • police Services irelice Chief)1eexisting g • Fire Services 2. Create 5 Service Divisions each Headed by a Deputy City Manager. Within 5 new Service Divisions, group existing city departments into functional De service units (see Strengthening the Miami artmen t Or anization Structur of the City o August 1973 3. Begin staffing Management Services Department. Hire a Director of Management Services • to Absorb incumbent city employees from incorporated units - Internal Audit Department - Budget Administration Section - Data Processing Section Operations Analysts from existing city ▪ Select 5 OPeran to Operation Analysis employees and assig Section. in staffing Human Resource Services Department 4. Be g Hire a Director of Human Resource Services 1. Reorganize 5 Servic Implementation wor ▪ Develop detailed to facilitate new . • Continue team bu Divisions to enco in service delive 2. Staff new departure. functional services • Engineering & M • Recreation & Tc 3. Continue staffing n ▪ Budget analysts • Data processing 4. Continue staffing n Department. ▪ Personnel Spec • Personnel Tech • Reinforcing Pe 5. Develop work plat structures. Prepare detail- levels. Prepare FY 7�= configurations THREE -YEAR: -DEVELOPMENT PLAN --MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION Fiscal Year 1975 EXHIBIT VIII (1) City of Miami THREE-YEAR DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR HRMS AND RESTRUCTURED MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION 1. Reorganize 5 Service Divisions according to Stage II 1. Implementation work plans. • Develop detailed operating policies and procedures to facilitate new organizational alignments. . Continue team building within and among Service Divisions to encourage efficiency and effectiveness in service delivery. Staff new department director positions to supervise functional services unit groupings. . Engineering & Maintenance Services . Recreation & Tourism Services 3. Continue staffing new Management Services Department. . Budget analysts . Data processing personnel 4. Continue staffing new Human Resource Services Department. . Personnel Specialists . Personnel Technicians . Reinforcing Personnel Officers 5. Develop work plan for implementing Stage III organization structures. . Prepare detailed integration plans at all organizational levels. Fiscal Year 1976 Complete realignments of Service Divisions to reflect Stage III organizational structure. 2. Complete staffing of key managerial positions. 3. Complete staffing of Management Services Department. 4. Complete staffing of Human Resource Services Department. . Prepare FY 76 budget format to reflect new organizational configurations. Fiscal Year 1974 • Reassign city employees as required and appropriate from incorporated units. - Office of the City Physician - Employee Services Office - Office of the Civil Service Board 5. Reassign the Labor Relations function as a staff responsibility of the Office of the City Manager. . Establish a new unit for Labor Contracts and Negotiation . Staff the position of Labor Coordinator 6. Develop work plan for implementing Stage II Organization structure. Conduct Team Building sessions • Prepare Detailed Integration plans at Service Division level Reassign ci from incori - Office of - Employe. - Office of Fiscal Year 1974 II. HRMS DEVELOPMENT 1. Staff selected key positions in Human Resource Services Department. • Department Director Assistant to Department Head • Position Management Officer Training and Development Officer • Employment Services Officer 2. Initiate a comprehensive job analysis program covering target position classes. • Select and train operations analysts in Functional Job Analysis. . Prepare and secure agreement with departmental personnel on overall work plan. . Select target position classes with attention to: - Engineering Technicians I -IV - Auto Equip Operators I- IV - Park Tenders I -III - Accountants I -IV - Selected craft positions Schedule field audits THREE YEAR DEVELi_ Fiscal 1. Continue staffing Services Departrr • Safety Service Employee Info . Remaining Pei. 2. Continue compre- the City with atte Clerical/Secr Cashiers and Photographers . Keypunch and Civil Enginee . Inspection ser • Planners I -III • Laborer serie Maintenance s . Recreation Le . Communicati 3. Continue and e throughout the 4. Continue repor labor intensive . Include all a have been de Begin feasib an Resource r -1is program covering firsts in Functional Job ,with departmental =th attention to: THREE YEAR DEVELOPMENT PLAN--HRMS Fiscal Year 1975 1. Continue staffing of key positions in Human Resource 1. Services Department. . Safety Services Officer . Employee Information Services Officer . Remaining Personnel Specialist positions 2. Continue comprehensive job analysis program throughout the City with attention to: . Clerical/Secretarial Series Cashiers and Account Clerks Photographers and publicity writers • Keypunch and Computer operators Civil Engineers I -IV • Inspection series . Planners I -III Laborer series • Maintenance series ▪ Recreation Leaders I -III . Communications and Office Machine Opertor series 3. Continue and expand work measurement program throughout the City to all appropriate positions. 4. Continue reporting of manpower utilization in selected labor intensive areas. Include all areas for which work output standards have have been developed. • Begin feasibility study of automating reporting system. EXHIBIT VIII (3) Fiscal Year 1976 Complete staffing of Human Resource Services Department. 2. Complete remaining uncovered positions in job analysis program. 3. Complete work standards development and institute on going work measurement audit cycle. 4. Automate manpower utilization reporting as practical. 5. Continue job engineering and restructuring program. 6. Initiate ongoing planning maintenance cycle to update classification plan. 7. Refine manpower planning system by incorporating annual recruitment schedule. 8. Continue affirmative action program through to goal achievement. 9. Continue test validation and refinement of qualification criteria. Fiscal Year 1974 . Commence field work . Prepare and post field reports . Begin identification of task elements - Training curricula - Performance criteria - Qualifications requirements - Examinations materials - Medical standards - Class specifications POSITION MANAGEMENT 3. Concurrently with the job analysis program initiate work measurment target position classes and began establishing work output standards, where appropriate. . Select and train operations analysts in work measurement. . Prepare work plan coordinate with functional job analysts and secure departmental cooperation. . Commence field work in target position classes 4. Begin reporting of manpower utilization patterns in selected labor intensive areas. . Select in cooperation with departmental personnel, output measures for reporting purposes. . Design and implement simple manual reporting system. . Refine measures as work standards established. Fiscal Year 1975 POSITION MANAGEMENT 5. Initiate a job engineering and rest' program to create additional empl. opportunities for women and minoi . Refine job content data through job analysis program. . Establish and staff potential pai positions identified. 6. Design and begin making operatiox manpower planning system include • Manpower utilization reporting . Turnover analysis . Projected work load requireme . Service level objectives PERSONNEL PROCUREMENT 7. Complete development of affirmat and institute ongoing program to plan. 8. Continue test validation and refin cations criteria through results o program. 9. Revise position control procedure necessity for routine City Manage requisitions. 10. Automate information reporting administration as practical. ments Wises -F work unctional job -operation. Fiscal Year 1975 POSITION MANAGEMENT 5. Initiate a job engineering and restructuring program to create additional employment opportunities for women and minority candidates. . Refine job content data through results of job analysis program. . Establish and staff potential para-professional positions identified. 6. Design and begin making operational a systematic manpower planning system including: . Manpower utilization reporting . Turnover analysis . Projected work load requirements . Service level objectives PERSONNEL PROCUREMENT 1; ,e development of affirmative action plan to ongoing program to accomplish .,.nue test validation and refinement of qualifi- ations criteria through results of job analysis program. Revise position control procedures to eliminate necessity for routine City Manager approval of requisitions. 10. Automate information reporting and employee records. administration as practical. stablished. EXHIBIT VIII (4) Fiscal Year 1976 10. Expand career development planning program to all supervisory and management level personnel. 11. Expand performance evaluation system to coverage of all city government personnel. 12. Continue offering training and education program as curricula is developed based on job -related task elements. 13. Complete revision of grievance and disciplinary action procedures. 14. Initiate new safety program. 15. Begin computation of total compensation package for benefit of employees. Fiscal Year 1974 PERSONNEL PROCUREMENT Fiscal Year 1` MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT 5. Begin preparation of an Affirmative Action Plan including 11. elimination of continuing barriers to minority employment. . Assemble Task Force including community representation. . Develop a work plan and schedule for Task Force attention. . Intensify recruitment efforts for minority job candidates - Confirm feasibility of establishing outreach employment centers. Initiate career developm pilot areas. . Police Department . Fire Departments 12. Initiate new employee pe- system on a limited basi - Begin scrutiny of test instruments and qualifications criteria for cultural impartiality through job analysis project and 13. ongoing test validation program. - Convert to "Rule of Register" certification. 6. Begin streamlining employee records administration and information processes. . Identify information requirements for management purposes and design a simple manual reporting system. . Begin feasibility study of automating information reporting. MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT 7. Begin assessing employee development needs. . Conduct and analyze detailed training needs survey among all city employees. . Refine development needs inventory through results of job analysis project. . Initiate for all manag personnel. Complete revisions in p in civil service provisio 14. Design and begin develo and education program t needs. . Offer selected job-rel job analysis results a EMPLOYEE SERVICES 15. Institute an employee co 16. Begin revising employe procedures to reflect ca 17. Design and develop a se and inspections progra 18. Refine medical standar tablishing out strum thro rog r Fiscal Year 1974 L PROCUREMENT reparation of an Affirmative Action Plan including tion of contin . arriers to minority employment. ask Fo uding community representation. hedule for Task Force attention. s for minority jo! ; ^andidates mployment cations criteria project and stration and agement purposes ern. ation reporting. urvey results of job EXHIBIT VIII (5) Fiscal Year 1975 MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT 11. Initiate career development planning program in pilot areas. . Police Department . Fire Departinents 12. Initiate new employee performance evaluation system on a limited basis throughout the city. . Initiate for all management and supervisory personnel. 13. Complete revisions in promotional policies reflected in civil service provisions. 14. Design and begin development of city-wide training and education program to meet employee development needs. . Offer selected job -related training programs where job analysis results available. EMPLOYEE SERVICES 15. Institute an employee counselling program. 16. Begin revising employee grievance and disciplinary procedures to reflect career development needs. 17. Design and develop a self -enforced safety standards and inspections program. 18. Refine medical standards as appropriate. Fiscal Year 1974 8. Design and begin development of a new performance evaluation system. ▪ Prepare form and develop overall system design. . Secure agreement from key individuals and groups. • Refine performance criteria through results of job analysis. 9. Begin revising promotional procedures to increase flexibility in selection process. • Secure necessary approvals • Convert to "Rule of Three Groups" certification process. EMPLOYEE SERVICES 10. Institute an Orientation Program for new city employees. Dedicate a regular time interval for city-wide orientation sessions. EXHIBIT VIII (6) 8. Design ar. system. . Prepar . Secure . Refine analysi 9. Begin rep in selecti . Secure . Convex EMPLOYEE 10. Institute Dedicate sessione The development plan is organized into 5 sections: . Organization . Position Management . Personnel Procurement . Manpower Development . Employee Services It covers specific tasks in each of these areas which should be completed in the next three fiscal years. 3. RECOMMENDED MANAGEMENT AND STAFFING ASSIGNMENTS To understand fully how the implementation will be accomplished it also is necessary to know who should be responsible for each specific step. The proposed HRMS implementation plan was shown in the previous exhibit. Its companion, Exhibit IX, following this page, lists the steps enumerated earlier and assigns primary responsibilities for each one. In addition, some important participants who may be involved at various levels are included to show how the components and organizational units interrelate. Many of these interrelationships will depend on the success- ful accomplishment of earlier steps, particularly formulation of new administrative groups, such as the Position Management unit or the job analysis project team. Management requirements and responsibilities shown in Exhibit IX are presented as suggestions which appear reasonable at this time. Each year, the plan should be reviewed for possible changes in the next year's EXHIBIT IX (1) City of Miami PROPOSED ASSIGNMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION RESPONSIBILITIES Other Participants . City Manager . Department Directors . Department Director . Department Director . Civil Service Board and Office . Management Services Unit . Employee Services . Department Directors . Commission . Selected Department Directors . Human Resource Services Department . Commission . Civil Service Board and Office Action 4 Fiscal Year 1974 Organization Development . Create DCM positions , Create service divisions and group departments into units Begin staffing Management Services Department . Begin staffing Human Resource Services Department • Reassign Labor Relations Function Develop Stage 2 plans HRMS Development . Staff selected key positions in Human Resource Services Department . Initiate a comprehensive Job analysis program covering target position classes Position Management • Job analysis project with targets for work measurement . Establish manpower utilization reporting ?empanel Procurement . Affirmative action program • Streamline records procedures Responsibility . Commission . Commission . city Manager . Deputy City Managers . City Manager . Deputy City Manager . City Manager . Deputy City Manager . Deputy City Manager . Deputy City Manager . Administrative Services . City Manager . Human Resource Services . Management Services . Management Services Department (Operations Analysis Unit) . Management Services Department (Operations Analysis Unit) . City Manager . Human Resource Services Department . Employee records . Human Resource Services Action Fiscal Year 1974 (Continued) Manpower Development ▪ Inventory of development needs . Performance evaluation system . Revision of promotional procedures in line with career development planning Employee Services . Institute a formalized empbyee counseling program . Revise grievance procedures to provide career development assistance . Design safety program . Refine medical standards . Consolidate responsibilities for orientation programs . Reassign labor relations Responsibility . Management Services Department (Job Analysis Team) . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services Department . Human Resource Services Director . Human Resource Services Director . Executive Secretary of Civil Service Board . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Deputy City Manager for Administrative Services . Human Resource Services Department . City Manager . Commission EXHIBIT IX (2) Other Participants . Management Services Deparunent (Job Analysis Team) . City Manager . Department Directors . Department Directors • Civil Service Board . Employee representatives . Department Directors . City Manager . Employee representatives . Commission • Civil Service Board . Employee representatives . Department Directors . Employee representatives . Department Directors . City Manager . Department Directors . Employee Services Department Action li. Fiscal Year 1975 Organization Development . Develop division structures . Staff new department director positions to supervise functional services unit groupings . Continue staffing new Management Services Department - Budget analysts - Data processing personnel . Develop work plan for implementing Stage 3 organization structures - Prepare detailed integration plans at all organizational levels - Prepare FY 76 budget format to reflect new organizational configurations HRMS Development . Continue staffing of key positions in Human Resource Services Department - Safety Services Officer - Employee Information Services Officer - Remaining personnel specialist positions Position Mana&ement . Continue comprehensive job analysis program throughout the city . Continue and expand work measurement program throughout the city to all appropriate positions . Continue reporting of manpower utiliza- tion in selected labor intensive areas - Include all areas for which work output standards have been developed - Begin feasibility study of automating reporting system Responsibility . Deputy City Manager . City Manager . Commission . City Manager . Deputy City Manager . Administrative Services . Management Services . Human Resource Services Director . Management Services Director . Human Resource Services Director . Management Services Director . Human Resource Services Director EXHIBIT IX (3) Other Participarns . Department Directors . Deputy City Managers . Deputy City Manager . Administrative Services . Human Resource Services . Civil Service . City Manager . Commission . Civil Service Board and Office . Department Directors . City Manager . Civil Service Beard . Department Directors . Civil Service Board . Department Directors Action II. Fiscal Year 1975 (Continued) Personnel Procurement . Complete development of an Affirmative Action Program . Continue test validation and refinement of qualifications criteria through job analysis . Revise position control procedures . Automate, as appropriate, employee records administration operations Manpower Development . Begin pilot career development programs . Pilot test employee evaluation system . Complete promotion policy revisions . Job engineering program . Manpower planning program Responsibility . City Manager . Commission . Human Resource Services . Civil Service Board . Human Resource Services . Management Services . Management Services . Human Resource Services . Management Services . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Civil Service Board and Office . Human Resource Services . Civil Service Board . Human Resource Services Department . Pi fsition Management Unit EXHIBIT IX (4) Other Participants . Community Task Force • Civil Service Board . Finance . Civil Service Board • Civil Service Office . Human Resource Services . City Departments • Civil Service Board . Department Directors . City Manager . Employee representatives . Commission . Management Services (Operations Analysis Unit) . Management Services (Operations Analysis Unit) . Department Directors Action III. Fiscal Year 1976 Organization Development . Complete Stage 3 establishing appropri- ate departmental divisions . Complete staffing for key managerial positions . Complete staffing of Management Services Department . Complete staffing of Human Resource Services Department MRMS Development Position Management . Complete job analysis program . Complete work standards development . Automate manpower utilization reporting . Continue job engineering . Initiate ongoing classification plan maintenance program . Refine manpower planning system Personnel Procurement . Continue Affirmative Action Plan . Continue test validation Responsibility . City Manager . Department Directors . City Manager . Human Resource Services . Deputy City Manager . Administration Services . Human Resource Services . Deputy City Manager . Administration Services . Human Resource Services Director . Management Services . Human Resource Services . Management Services . Human Resource Services . Management Services . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . City Manager . Human Resource Services . Civil Service Board . Commission . Human Resource Services EXHIBIT IX (5) Other Participants . Management Services . Commission . Deputy City Managers . Civil Service Board and Office . Civil Service Board and Office . Departments . Departments . Civil Service Board . Department Directors . Civil Service Board . Civil Service Board . Department Directors . Department Directors . Civil Service Board Action AI. Fiscal Year 1976 (Continued) Man wer Development . Expand career development planning program . Expand performance evaluation system . Continue to offer training and education programs Employee Services . Complete revision of grievance and disciplinary action procedures . Initiate new safety program . Begin computation of total compensation package for benefit of employees Responsibility . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Department Directors . Human Resource Services . Civil Service Board . Human Resource Services . Human Resource Services . Management Services EXHIBIT IX (6) Other Participants . Department Directors . Civil Service Board . Employee representatives . Employee representatives . Employee representatives . Department Directors . Employee representatives . Employee representatives . 1 plan. These changes might be needed because of economic circumstances or inadequate progress on key tasks. Staffing requirements are likewise flexible and should be based on pragmatic evaluations of anticipated and achieved progress. Currently anticipated staffing needs and associated costs for the three year development of the HRMS were outlined in Chapter IV, Exhibit V. While overall management responsibility and coordination for HRMS remains with the City Manager and his staff, successful imple- mentation cannot be achieved without the cooperation and assistance of the Commission, the Civil Service Board and Office, employee represen- tatives and department directors. Finally, success depends on the interest and dedication of each employee in achieving a human resource management system which makes the City of Miami an outstanding employer and place to live. HRMS GLOSSARY OF TERMS Benefits Administration: provision rovision and administration of an employee benefits package including providing timely information on its contents and use. Career Development Planning: A process of monitoring potential of an employee and career development p ecific milestones designing a career ladder with sp on an individual basis. Classification and Salary Administration: The administrative procedures and fieldwork requird to descri tiondefine and keep current data on a position velo ment Needs Assessment: A process of determining De P current inventory of employee and maintaining a performance development needs from surveys, erfoerfoavaipro- appraisals, specific requests, fessional opinion. Employee Motivation: A series of techniques and programs for motivating improvement and job interest amongerform- anc Ye and employee employees in order to encourage superior perform- ance self -development. nc Services: A group of functions or processes Employee providing basic personnel information and support employees. services to empto Y A process of formally recording ent Processing: eco d Employment el actions related to new employment r personnel of establishing an effective and A process establishing a ed applicants e Examination: means of ranking qualified applicants administration t job - relate(' the development and through erformance Potential. related tests of P Job Engineering: A technique or methodology for designing jobs to meet the manpower requirements and employee development needs; often involves on - site job analysis and position restructuring. Labor Contracts & Negotiations: The administration of employee/management bargaining and contracts. Manpower Development: A group of functions or processes aimed at increasing the skills level and job satisfac- tion of employees and preparing employees for increased job responsibilities. Manpower Planning: A process of identifying or forecasting position needs and planning action steps to fill these needs within a specified timeframe. Manpower Utilization: The process of allocating manpower resources to a task, or set of tasks or evaluating the effectiveness of existing allocations. Medical Services: A series of exam procedures and preventive health programs for present and potential employees. On -the -Job Development: A process of designing and providing development training as part of routine job responsibilities and tasks. Orientation and Counseling: A series of processes and programs to provide City-wide and departmental orientation information to new employees, and an informal counseling service to air and resolve job - related personnel conflicts. Performance f rmance of• A process of an employee in terms evaluating of mutually e per understood work standards and measures, and in terms of opportunities for further development of employee skills and abilities. -2- Personnel Procurement: A group of functions or processes that involve identifying and obtaining appropriate personnel to fill vacant positions, and the processing steps required to qualify these individuals for employ- ment. Personnel Records Administration: A set of procedures for the creation, maintenance, and retrieval of employee records. Position Budgeting: The allocation of established positions to organizational units within the framework of the annual and on -going budgeting process. Position Management: A group of functions or processes that result in establishing manpower requirements, skills needed to satisfy the requirements, and position descriptions and budgets for the needed skills. Promotion and Advancement: A process of identifying and selecting candidates from the existing City manpower supply to fill an advanced level position. Qualifications Determination: A screening process designed to determine when the recruited applicants meet minimum criteria for given positions and to rank in an equitable manner all applicants that do meet the criteria for employment. Recruitment: A process designed to ensure an adequate and current supply of qualified applicants for new or exist- ing position classifications. Requisitioning: The process initiated by a department required to request and obtain candidates to fill a budgeted job opening. Safety Services: A series of programs and procedures to provide a safe and healthy work environment for all employees and reduce injury costs and work time losses. -3- Personnel Procurement: A group of functions or processes that involve identifying and obtaining appropriate personnel to fill vacant positions, and the processing steps required to qualify these individuals for employ- ment. Personnel Records Administration: A set of procedures for the creation, maintenance, and retrieval of employee records. Position Budgeting: The allocation of established positions to organizational units within the framework of the annual and on -going budgeting process. Position Management: A group of functions or processes that result in establishing manpower requirements, skills needed to satisfy the requirements, and position descriptions and budgets for the needed skills. Promotion and Advancement: A process of identifying and selecting candidates from the existing City manpower supply to fill an advanced level position. Qualifications Determination: A screening process designed to determine when the recruited applicants meet minimum criteria for given positions and to rank in an equitable manner all applicants that do meet the criteria for employment. Recruitment: A process designed to ensure an adequate and current supply of qualified applicants for new or exist- ing position classifications. Requisitioning: The process initiated by a department required to request and obtain candidates to fill a budgeted job opening. Safety Services: A series of programs and procedures to provide a safe and healthy work environment for all employees and reduce injury costs and work time losses. -3-