HomeMy WebLinkAboutERA Draft Project Report for Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area AnalysisERA
Economics Research Associates
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Draft Project Report
Little Haiti Industrial Priority
Development Area (PDA) Analysis
Prepared for
Miami 21
City of Miami
Duany Plater-Zyberck
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Submitted by
Economics Research Associates
June 2, 2006
ERA Project No. 16068
1101 Connecticut Avenue, NW Suite 750
Washington, DC 20036
202.496.9870 FAX 202,496.9677 www.econres corn
Los Angeles San Francisco San Diego
Chic-0go Washington DC London New York
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Table of Contents
General & Limiting Conditions 2
Introduction 3
What is a Priority Development Area (PDA)? 4
Governing Principles for Economic Development 5
How Does the Little Haiti Industrial PDA Relate to the Miami 21 Planning Process?
6
Map of Little Haiti Industrial PDA 9
Industry Sectors and Land Uses 10
Industry Sectors Considered for Miami PDAs 10
Land Uses/Development Policies 12
Approach to Development within the Little Haiti Priority Development Area 14
Targeted Industries Not Considered for Little Haiti Industrial PDA 14
Development Challenges Facing the Little Haiti Industrial PDA 16
Jobs and the Economics of Employment 18
Analytical Framework 20
Targeted Industries for Little Haiti PDA 24
Near -Term Industrial Sectors for Little Haiti 24
Mid -Term Industrial Sectors 25
Overview of Fiscal & Economic Impact Analysis 28
Summary of Economic and Fiscal Drivers 28
Methodology and Approach 28
Base Assumptions 29
Real Property Tax Revenues 30
Sales and Use Taxes 30
Tax and Fee Revenues Excluded from the Analysis 31
General Fund Public Service Costs 32
Ili. Economic & Fiscal Implications of Proposed Transect Plan 34
Introduction 34
Basis for Property Tax Valuation 34
Summary of Table Footnotes 34
Little Haiti Priority Development Area (PDA) .. 37
Little Haiti Priority Development Area 38
Summary of Table Footnotes 38
Summary of Tables and Analytical Findings 38
Current and Proposed Employment Characteristics 43
Current and Anticipated Fiscal Characteristics 45
Summary of Economic & Fiscal Findings 47
Implementation Recommendations 48
Incentives 50
Workforce Training Incentives 50
Additional Tools 51
APPENDICES: Supporting Tables 52
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General & Limiting Conditions
Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that the data contained in this study reflect
the most accurate and timely information possible. These data are believed to be reliable.
This study is based on estimates, assumptions and other information developed by
Economics Research Associates from its independent research effort, general knowledge of
the market and the industry, and consultations with the client and its representatives. No
responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies in reporting by the client, its agent and
representatives or any other data source used in preparing or presenting this study.
No warranty or representation is made by Economics Research Associates that any of the
projected values or results contained in this study will actually be achieved.
Possession of this study does not carry with it the right of publication thereof or to use the
name of "Economics Research Associates" in any manner without first obtaining the prior
written consent of Economics Research Associates. No abstracting, excerpting or
summarizing of this study may be made without first obtaining the prior written consent of
Economics Research Associates. This report is not to be used in conjunction with any
public or private offering of securities or other similar purpose where it may be relied upon
to any degree by any person, other than the client, without first obtaining the prior written
consent of Economics Research Associates. This study may not be used for purposes other
than that for which it is prepared or for which prior written consent has first been obtained
from Economics Research Associates.
This study is qualified in its entirety by, and should be considered in light of, these
limitations, conditions and considerations.
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Introduction
Economics Research Associates (ERA) was retained by the City of Miami and Duany
Plater-Zyberck & Company to complete an analysis of designated targeted industries and
land uses and to form the basis for a Citywide economic development strategy tasks under
the Miami 21 Plan. Part of that analysis focuses on specifically designated geographic
areas called Priority Development Areas, or PDA's. The Miami 21 Plan is intended to
provide a framework for both planning/urban design and economic development strategies
that will create both a clear planning direction and an element of predictability for how
Miami should grow and evolve over time; both elements should also integrate sound
economic development principles and implementation steps grounded in local market
conditions and opportunities. The urban design and planning framework of the Miami 21
Plan has been structured as a series of Transects, land areas that vary according to the
amount and type of development proposed as appropriate for both current zoning and
future redevelopment opportunities, as well as providing for predictable development
transitions between adjoining areas of the City. The economic development plan is
structured to direct certain land uses and densities to particular locations and areas as a
basis for near -term and longer -term economic development strategies.
The Miami 21 Plan has been organized to address these issues within four large quadrants
— East, West, North and South. The first quadrant selected by the City for analysis by DPZ
and ERA (and other consultants) is located in the eastern part of Miami, and including the
portion of the city from the Broward County line down the waterfront through the Central
Business District and Brickell Boulevard, and west to approximately Seventh Avenue. A
map of the quadrant boundaries is located on the Miami 21 website (www Miami21. org).
This report focuses on the Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA), and
includes several components:
The role and definition of a Priority Development Area is based on an
broader economic development perspective, not simply on a real estate
development perspective
The relationship of the PDA area analysis to the overall Miami 21 Plan as
it intersects with city's larger Economic Development objectives
Site and employment development opportunities used to define the
economic development approach and implications for land uses
- Economic patterns in industry sectors recommended for the PDA and the
economics of employment resulting from targeted industries
- Consistency between recommended economic uses and the relative
potential densities linking the economic development strategy to the
Miami 21 plan and the proposed transect characteristics in Little Haiti
Ind ustrial
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- Fiscal and Economic implications resulting from the recommended uses
and densities
- Implementation Recommendations — Recommendations on what will be
required to implement the project and what tools and incentives can
accelerate the process
Following these sections, an Appendix includes supporting tables and charts documenting
the backup information supporting the analytical methodology and process and data
assumptions used in developing the analysis.
What is a Priority Development Area (PDA)?
After completing an overview of industry sectors and land uses as a basis for near and
long-term economic development opportunities, ERA was asked to identify specific areas
for further study which we called Priority Development Areas, or PDA's.
The Miami 21 PDA is defined as
A Specified Location and Use Character -- A geographically designated
area, identified within specific boundaries and including one or more
dominant existing land or primary economic drivers that characterize the
land use and density today or could catalyze a different use in the future.
In the Little Haiti and Wynwood PDA's, the current industrial zoning and
density clusters businesses that would not have other relocation options
within the city.
- Manageable Barriers to Development -- Barriers to development should
be manageable, that is, incompatible adjacent uses and/or development
opportunities can be mitigated through a system of transitional uses and
densities under the Miami 21 development code. An example relevant to
the Little Haiti industrial area is the site known as Little Haiti Park. The
barrier to redevelopment of this site is incongruent nature of the
surrounding industrial uses and the City's commitment to the park as a
neighborhood amenity. This barrier is easily managed by changing the
zoning around the park to T4 Restricted (Residential), a more compatible
use with the park.
Proximity to Planned/Pending/Pipeline Projects — PDA's should have
some proximity to planned or pending projects in the development
`pipeline' that can affect compatible changes in density or use. This could
either be an upgraded version of the primary economic drivers or a land
use and density that will increase the level of development in a way that
will not conflict with the primary land use. This approach to proximity is
consistent with the planning principles of Miami 21.
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Presence of Natural or Physical Characteristics That Create Continuity,
Amenities or Infrastructure That Affect Development Potential — For
example, in both Little Haiti Industrial and Wynwood, the presence of the
FEC rail line and proximity to major road networks suggests continued
clustering of uses that benefit commercially from adjacency to rail access
and truck connections on highways.
Neighborhood or Cultural Cohesion — To the extent that industrial
concentrations can be considered a "neighborhood", both PDA's are
industrial districts_ While change could come over time, the synergistic
benefit of sustaining these types of industrial uses will translate into jobs (a
core benefit of economic development policy).
Two areas were selected as PDA's in the East Quadrant: Wynwood and Little Haiti
Industrial. The overall principles used in identifying these (and potential future) PDA's are
based on the premise that the city's economic development approach should be based on
opportunities to sustain and attract jobs — creation of jobs, retention of existing jobs,
improvement in the pay scale of existing and potential jobs or attraction of new jobs drawn
by industry sectors that make sense for the characteristics of the PDA. In ERA's view, this
economic development principle does not mean that real estate project development
potential is not considered, but rather that the longer view of benefits attributable to a
diverse, focused job development program should be considered of equal importance to
projects driven by values associated only with real-estate.
Governing Principles for Economic Development
ERA's mandate from the City of Miami for the Miami 21 Planning effort has been to take
a comprehensive, longer view of how to diversify and stabilize the economic character of
the City. The objective has not been to maximize the real estate development potential of
the PDA areas. This is an important distinction, as real estate has been a primary economic
driver (some might say the primary economic driver) in Miami since its founding.
Historically, residential and commercial real estate development and speculation has been
a major force in creating and evolving the South Florida region, coupled with
establishment and growth of the area as a national and international tourism/hospitality
destination. Both of these industries have grown rapidly in the past ten years, and the
accelerated growth in the Miami housing market has made the City one of the fastest
growing residential areas in the United States with almost 80,000 recent and proposed new
dwelling units in the development pipeline.
ERA recognizes that this should remain a major factor in the south Florida region's growth
and tax base. However, in our opinion, real estate services and the hospitality industry
(cruise ships, hotels and lodging, dining and entertainment) do not represent the full
spectrum of economic development opportunities in the region, but have had a
disproportionate effect on how the city has grown, and have dominated growth areas,
absent a more comprehensive, long-term economic development strategy within City
government. The overarching principle of ERA'S economic development analysis is to
protect and broaden the range of jobs available in areas of the city that have functioned as
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industries (ranging from manufacturing and distribution uses clustered in a few areas like
Little Haiti and Wynwood through the class A office concentration that defines downtown
Miami as the commercial office heart of the region). in our experience, real estate cycles
change over time, and the more dependent local economies are on one or two segments
But the City's objective is also to take a more comprehensive view of economic
development, which is by its nature, oriented toward jobs, rather than exclusively on real
estate. Based on the rationale described in the Jobs and Economics of Employment section
of this report, ERA's jobs -oriented focus has been a governing principle for the Priority
Development areas.
How Does the Little Haiti industrial PDA Relate to the Miami
21 Planning Process?
There are two related efforts in the Miami 21 Planning effort. Duany Plater-Zyberck &
Company have analyzed existing land uses and densities throughout the East Quadrant,
while ERA has conducted a parallel economic development analysis that has focused on
existing and potential strategies to retain and attract jobs to traditional employment centers.
The two efforts have been integrated through a series of work sessions between ERA, the
City of Miami and DPZ, but ERA's primary objective is to analyze how a comprehensive
economic development strategy can shape the planning process to the benefit of a more
stabile and diversified employment sector for the city.
The Miami 21 Planning process offers a New Urbanism approach to prioritizing future
growth along primary streets and development nodes, and reinforcement of existing
activity areas. Through a series of Transects ranging from undeveloped rural land (of
which the only example within the City lirnits is on Virginia Key) through high rise/high
density office/mixed-use (such as downtown Miami), the planning process has identified a
series of classifications that relate to current zoning and land use, as well as detailing a
form code/density and land use designation that relates development patterns to be
compatible with adjoining/neighboring areas. The Miami 21 Plan also includes a provision
for `Successional Zoning', under which areas designated for one density level and use mix
(defined in the selected Transect category) may be changed to accommodate changes in
use and density over time. The two categories not yet fully formed under the form -based
code are the two Transect categories that relate to land currently zoned as Industrial; these
Transects are called Districts (D-1, representing `light' or Specialized Industrial uses, as
well as a limited amount of housing and other supporting uses that complement industrial
concentrations; and D-2 Heavy Industry, or uses that may be considered more noxious and
Tess complementary to other kinds of uses). For purposes of the economic and fiscal
analysis, ERA recommends that the maximum building height for the D-1 and D-2
categories be limited to 45 feet, whether occupied by one floor of space with high ceilings
(such as a manufacturing facility requiring a high ceiling) or up to four floors of
warehousing. ERA also recommends that the preferred lot coverage ratio for the industrial
area conceptual development examples included in the D-1 and D-2 areas should range
from 65% to 85% of gross surface land area, in order to accommodate truck traffic and
vehicle parking areas, storage of products (as required for the allowed businesses) or other
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uses. For purposes of the analysis, ERA has included this option in the conceptual
development programs shown in the Fiscal analysis.
DPZ has suggested that a limited amount of housing be allowed for inclusion in the D-1
category, whether based on one unit per industrial parcel (which could be considered to
penalize larger parcels since the same allowance would be available to smaller sites) or as a
maximum percentage of gross floor area (but limited enough to allow space for a very
small number of on -site units).
As a practical matter, ERA also recommends that, if a limited amount of housing is
allowed within D-1 areas, the development rights to those allowed units may be available
to be sold and aggregated in locations deemed appropriate within the designated D-1 zone,
or potentially combined into adjoining commercial or transit corridors in order to allow
industrial property owners who might not want to include a housing unit on site to benefit
from the availability of the use. As the intent of the D-1 category is to preserve and sustain
industrial uses, ERA believes that the number and location of housing within industrial
categories should be carefully placed and controlled so as not to shift the economic balance
away from industrial spaces (and the jobs they support). In ERA's opinion, greater
concentrations of housing should he part of a site re -designation to a different Transect
category allowing a different mix and density of uses. In other words, any housing allowed
in the D-1 areas should not tip the balance (and expectations of higher density zoning)
away from industrial uses and the jobs they represent.
These suggestions (or a variation of them) are expected to be incorporated into the Miami
21 Transect descriptions and form -based code for D-1 and D-2 areas as they are modified
over the coming weeks. ERA anticipates that the physical planning aspects of the form -
based code remain to be analyzed by DPZ, and will be adopted as part of the further
definition of the D-1 and D-2 categories after review by the City of Miami Department of
Economic Development and the Planning Department, among others. The economic
development objective is to encourage job retention and development, with real estate
economics balancing the jobs program, but not precluding it.
The original Transect plan proposed for the Little Haiti Industrial PDA included T5R, D-1
and D-2 designations, with the D-2 Heavy Industrial area located in the eastern portion of
the PDA along the FEC alignment. This is a logical area to retain as D-2, as the recently
consolidated McArthur Dairy complex is in this part of the PDA, as well as a cement plant,
both uses that fall under the Heavy Industry category. The activity of the rail lines have
not prevented Tight/Specialized Industrial uses from locating along the eastern edge of the
FEC; many of the uses in the small industrial buildings there are media -related (small
production offices, recording studios, etc.), and these uses buffer the adjoining
neighborhood to the east from the train corridor. ERA recommends that this small strip of
uses remain as D-1 Specialized Industrial. The east -west rail spur also includes a small D-
2 area north of the McArthur Dairy, extending north to the top of the PDA boundary
(please see map which follows).
The area in which ERA and DPZ have discussed a change in the Little Haiti Industrial
designation is in the southern portion of the PDA in the area surrounding the new Little
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Haiti Park and the former Magic City site where a trailer park has been closed and
demolished. From a planning standpoint, ERA believes that the City's investment in the
new Little Haiti Park is incompatible with adjacent industrial uses, and should be changed
to capture some of the amenity value of the park for residential use. Citizens groups have
asked for residential development that would provide "eyes on the park" for safety and to
create an amenity for residents. ER.A concurs, and recommends that the north, east and
southern perimeters of the park be re -designated as T-4 R, supporting 2-3 levels of housing
and parking as a buffer from the D-2 area to the north and surrounding the new park.
Because this will intersect the current contiguous location of the D-2 Heavy Industrial zone
in this part of the PDA, ERA also recommends that the former Magic City site be
considered for higher density housing (T-5 R). This scenario was included as one of the
conceptual development program scenarios in the economic and fiscal analysis, and
generates a high fiscal return owing to its increase in density over the former trailer park.
As these areas are reconsidered, ERA suggests that the area immediately south of the
Magic City might also be re -assigned from D-2 to a T-4 R designation. As almost all of
the surrounding area is designated as residential ((T-4, T-5 and T-6), this suggests that the
dominant use within this part of the PDA could be re -allocated to reinforce the residential
development pattern. Assuming concurrence by DPZ and the City, the Transect map will
be modified to reflect the recommended changes in land use and density.
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Industry Sectors and Land Uses
As part of the Miami 21 process, the City of Miami requested that Economics Research
Associates (ERA) prepare brief papers analyzing opportunities for specific industries, land
uses, and development policies supporting specific objectives. These reports included case
study data documenting proven strategies on how Miami can attract, recruit and sustain the
strongest prospective industries and/or most needed land -uses within the Miami 21 Plan,
ERA has also worked with Duany Plater-Zyberk (DPZ), the planning and architectural
consultant developing the revisions to the zoning code, to integrate market and
development opportunities into the recommended the form -based code that will direct
future planning and growth in a series of designated Priority Development Area's (PDAs).
Based upon ERA's general industry data and research, specific economic conditions in the
City of Miami and the Miami -Dade MSA and recommendations from City of Miami
officials and DPZ, ERA selected the following industry sectors and land uses or public
policy directions for further research and consideration.
Industry Sectors Considered for Miami PDAs
The industry sectors researched and considered for their economic potential for priority
development areas in the City of Miami were:
I. Motion Picture and Media Production — Included in this category were industries in
the Motion Picture and Sound Recording Industries sub -sector group (NAICS 512)
such as establishments involved in the production and distribution of motion pictures
and sound recordings. In addition to motion pictures, this industry sector also includes
production of product for television broadcasting. Miami -Dade County represents the
largest concentration of motion picture and television production employment and
activity in the State of Florida. While the industry is found throughout the metro area,
operators have expressed interest in locations between Miami Beach and Miami
International Airport, positioning the City of Miami to continue to build its position as
a favorable location for the industry in the metro region. ERA has identified short and
mid-term opportunities for Miami to continue to develop as a production center
recognized at both the national and international level.
2. Biomedical Technology — The Bio-Medical Industry typically includes
Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing (NAICS 3254), Medical Equipment and
Supplies manufacturing (NAICS 3391), Medical Laboratories (NAICS 621511), and
Biomedical Research (NAICS 541710). The industry can also include the genetic
engineering of food and fibers, food processing, chemical engineering and bio-
computers. Within the past decade the biotechnology industry has proven to be
lucrative, and as a result many cities are aggressively and proactively recruiting
biotech companies and other life science industries with various other incentives. In
the broadest sense, a biotech industrial center needs to have stable and strong research
and commercialization practices. Key determinants for developing a biomedical
technology center are, proximity to an established biotech industry and excellent
academic research institutions, a location in which they can research, produce, market
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and distribute their products, technologically adequate facilities, highly educated and
skilled labor, and venture capital. The presence, absence and nature of these factors
greatly influence the location and success of biotechnology companies. While Miami
has a few biotechnology companies, university and medical research facilities, it is still
limited in its biomedical industrial opportunities.
3. Tourism and Hospitality — The Miami area, with its beaches, restaurants, clubs,
shopping and commerce, is an ideal city for hospitality and tourism. Tourism and
hospitality -related industries include a wide range of Accommodation and Food
Services industries (NAICS 72), Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation (NAICS 71)
industries, and selected Transportation (NAICS 48-49) sub -sectors. The city of Miami
contains more than 150 hotels and 20,000 hotel rooms. In 2004, 2,986,600 tourists
visited Miami and created an overall economic impact of $2.3 billion. Miami's
development strategy for the tourism and hospitality will include strengthening and
expanding its current market position, including leisure and business travel.
4_ Light (Specialized) Industry, Manufacturing, and Warehousing/Distribution
Systems — A wide range of industries and sectors are represented in this group to be
considered for PDAs. The Manufacturing sector comprises establishments engaged in
the mechanical, physical, or chemical transformation of materials, substances, or
components into new products. The assembling of component parts of manufactured
products is considered manufacturing. (NA1CS 31-33). Some distinction has been
made for light, or specialized, industries that may be located in the D-1 Transect
zoning areas within specified industrially oriented areas. Light industrial
manufacturing is usually less capital intensive than heavy industry, and is more
consumer -oriented than business -oriented (i.e., most of light industry products are
produced for end users rather than as a component of goods produced by other
industries). Light industry has less environmental impact than heavy industry and is
typically more tolerated in residential areas. Site selection decisions relating to light
industrial manufacturing/warehouse and distribution operations are driven by a series
of economic and physical variables that are related to the cost of doing business. These
variables include availability of competitive facilities and land, skilled labor, and
business incentives provided by state and local jurisdictions. Access to transportation
systems and distribution channels and markets are also important.
5. International Trade and Finance - International trade is the exchange of goods and
services across international boundaries or territories. Industrialization, advanced
transportation, globalization, multinational corporations, and outsourcing are all having
a major impact on increasing the volume of international trade and the globalization of
the world economy. Major requirements for attracting international trading partners
including: free -trade zone status that enable businesses to store, ship, import, export,
and process, increasing rate of total trade volume, international banking capacity, in-
state origin exports: Volume of manufacturing and services exports and associated job
growth, transportation infrastructure including seaports, airports, multimodal
connectors, and roadways, international air passenger volume, foreign language,
speaking workforce, and the value of international investments. Miami is second only
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to New York in the number of international banks and finance companies in the U.S.
With the port facilities, international investment and international profile, Miami is
positioned to increase its international trade. Using Miami's international trade
position to support the growth of other sectors may be a valid strategy in several PDAs.
6. Venture Capital - Venture capital is money provided by professionals who invest
alongside management and innovators of start-up companies that have the potential to
develop into significant economic contributors. Venture capital is an important source
of equity for newly formed companies attempting to become established, expand lines
of business or open new markets. While Miami has a limited number of venture capital
funds, its strong international banking sector offers an opportunity for the development
of more venture capital. Venture capital is not geographically restricted as an industry,
however the development of venture capital funds in Miami can support specific
industrial development objectives in various PDAs across the City.
7. Marine Industries — Marine industries include a wide range of sectors, including (but
not limited to) marinas (NAICS 713930), support activities for water -based
transportation (NAICS 488390), ship building and repairing (NAICS 336611), marine
cargo handling (NAICS 488320), and marine supplies, pleasure, merchant wholesalers
(NAICS 423910). While not all PDAs might have water access and are not suitable for
some maritime industries, there are some subsectors that do not require immediate
access to water that can be accommodated in industrial districts (DI and D2).
Land UseslDevelopment Policies
In addition to industrial sectors, ERA was directed to research the economic development
implications of four specific land uses or public policy directions. Some were more tied to
geography and specific locations than other.
1. Affordable Housing — Miami has recently experienced high grow of commercial and
high -value residential properties. As values grow for property and development, low -
and -moderate income households find it increasingly difficult to secure affordable
housing. "Affordable" housing typically includes housing affordable to households
with income at or near 80% of median household incomes. However, the real estate
market may place households with incomes greater than 100% of median into
affordable housing -eligible criteria. In Miami -Dade, the median -priced home cost
$237,000, which requires an annual income of $73,866. The median household income
in the City of Miami is $31,723. As interest rates increase, housing affordability
becomes an issue for middle -income households as well as low -to -moderate income
households. The availability of affordable housing will have an impact on economic
development, as companies seek an appropriately priced labor supply that is able to
travel to work over a reasonable distance. Addressing the issue of affordable housing
will be necessary to make Miami a competitive business location. PDAs that contain
businesses that will employ lower skilled employees will also need to accommodate
low -to -moderate housing within or proximate to the priority development area.
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2. Public Transportation/Streetcar Corridors - Access to public transit can be
considered a valued amenity. Properties located near transit stations enjoy increased
regional accessibility, more mobility options and reduced transportation costs; and
thus, if appreciated the amenity would be reflected in the value of the property and the
intensity of development near the transit access point. Public transportation also
provides greater flexibility for workers and customers to reach businesses across the
city. PDAs with access to public transportation systems and stations should be more
attractive as potential locations for employment, residence and commerce. Current
plans to expand the public transportation infrastructure in Miami help inform economic
development initiatives within specific PDAs. PDAs with increase access to transit
should be considered for development of affordable (workforce) housing, employment
centers, trade and tourism development.
3. Commercial (Retail) Clusters and Corridors - Retail is a use that is most successful
when stores are congregated in a specified geographic area. Depending upon proximity
to markets and transportation, retail will vary greatly from one priority development
area to another and may seek markets that are located beyond the metro area (super -
regional or regional shopping), or may develop to serve community, neighborhood or
convenience shopping needs. Retail development will concentrate in PDAs that have a
commercial character, although some scale of retail businesses will be found in a range
of mixed -use transects, including D1 Specialized Industrial. Market demand potential,
targeted market groups and proximity to markets and access will influence the scale of
the retail development identified for PDAs.
4. Arts/Cultural Districts and Entertainment Districts — Arts and cultural districts
may contain public visual and performing arts facilities such as theatres, concert halls,
and museums, as well as private arts -related businesses, including retail art galleries,
art studios, arts and cultural program administration offices, music or dance studios,
performance rehearsal space. PDAs containing or near existing arts clusters or districts
may target arts -related businesses, industries or facilities to recruit, retain or enhance
such businesses. Such districts may also link development of arts and culture related
businesses with affordable live -work artist residential development.
Entertainment districts are typically clusters of businesses that include Food Services
and Drinking Places (NAICS 722) such as restaurants, cafes, bars, taverns, or
nightclubs. Other businesses may include All Other Amusement and Recreation
Industries (NA1CS 7139) such as arcades, bowling centers, dance halls and
discotheques. Such districts may support hospitality and tourism development, as well
as attract local and regional markets. Entertainment districts typically form in an
"organic" fashion, though the growth of entertainment districts can be encouraged or
curtailed depending upon the ease and availability of business licensing and other
operating requirements. Proximity to residential districts and retail areas should be
considered when weighing the relative advantages or disadvantages to encouraging the
formation of an entertainment district.
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Approach to Development within the Little Haiti Priority
Development Area
Following an extensive examination of a wide range of industries for potential to create
and retain jobs and reviewing the current and proposed zoning in the Little Haiti PDA,
ERA has developed a program of near, mid-, and longer -term economic development
opportunities. The transects and economic development strategy for the Little Haiti PDA
feature a physical or cluster approach that concentrates compatible industrial uses and
provides predictable development over a period of time. The approach to the Little Haiti
PDA supports:
• Specialized industries that provide the opportunity for improved skills and
mobility, as well as entrepreneurial prospects;
• Retention and enhancement of job opportunities across a wide range of skill levels;
• Locations for affordable, workforce housing to keep the employment base close to
the job opportunities;
• Increased space designated for specialized, light industries (DI) and an
aggregation of heavier industrial uses (D2) close to rail and other transportation
corridors.
The Little Haiti PDA takes advantage of the district's current industrial uses and identifies
opportunities for additional heavier industries along the FEC corridor, one of Little Haiti's
Iocational advantages. Workforce affordable housing is introduced in a previously zoned
industrial area to shift perceived issues of safety and to provide residential space for the
PDA's employment base. The development of housing adjacent to Little Haiti Park serves
to stabilize the area and provides quality housing. Specialized industry (D1) and heavy
industry (D1) remain, expanding and retaining jobs in the PDA and providing predictable
development patterns for industrial uses.
Targeted Industries Not Considered for Little Haiti Industrial PDA
ERA reviewed the targeted industries and land uses to determine which might be most
appropriate and present opportunities for the Little Haiti PDA. Most of the targeted
industries that were rejected for inclusion were due to specific requirements of the industry
(typically geographic) or that the industry already has a presence elsewhere in the city and
would likely grow and develop in its existing location. The targeted industries not included
in the Little Haiti Industrial PDA are:
• Motion picture and media production — Although there are some sound studios on
the eastern side of the FEC line in the PDA, the physical requirements of motion
picture and television sound stages and production eliminate this as a labor
presence in Little Haiti. The existing recording studios will likely remain in the
PDA, but ERA does not anticipate an expansion of this industry group in the PDA.
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• Biomedical technology —Miami's biomedical opportunities will likely locate near
the Civic Center, in close proximity to medical facilities and educational
institutions. An initiative has already begun to target biomedical in that area of the
City and Miami's limited biomedical development will need to be concentrated to
flourish.
• Tourism and Hospitality — Miami's tourism and hospitality industry is closely
associated with the cruise ship industry, athletic events, performing arts, business
meetings and travel, and historic sights. While there is some prospect that the
Haitian cultural sites in the overall Little Haiti neighborhood may attract some
urban tourism, it is unlikely that the tourism and hospitality industry will develop
as a major economic driver for the PDA.
• International Trade and Finance — International banking in Miami is already
centered in the Brickell area. Such businesses benefit from and seek to be near
similar enterprises. International business associated with the Port of Miami
facilities or the airport will locate nearer to those sites. One way in which the Little
Haiti Industrial PDA may become involved with international trade may be the
assembly of imported components into a finished product in the specialized and
heavy industry areas of the PDA, or by the development of warehousing facilities
with duty-free status.
• Venture Capital — While venture capital does not require specific geographic site
conditions, it typically seeks to locate in financial centers and professional office
locations. In Miami, Brickell and the Downtown office core are better positioned
to attract the location of venture capital firms. Little Haiti's industries may,
however, be able to attract the investment from such firms.
• Marine Industries — Logically, marine industries wilt most likely seek locations
along the Miami River, and other waterfront areas. There may be some repair and
equipment businesses with marine application that could locate in the Little Haiti
PDA, if the product or service was not water -dependent.
• Public transit/streetcar corridor — While there is a chance to develop transit -
oriented development (TOD) if a commuter rail eventually locates on the FEC
corridor, planning, feasibility studies and timetables for the commuter rail are still
too uncertain to include this use in near -term development strategies. As the future
of the commuter rail development becomes clearer, it may be possible to identify
development approaches that include TOD in the Little Haiti PDA.
• Commercial Retail Clusters and Corridors — Some retail uses will be developed in
the PDA in the DI and 15 zones proposed for Little Haiti. However, ERA does not
anticipate that retail will be a major economic driver in the PDA.
• Arts/Cultural Districts or Entertainment Districts — Some Haitian cultural uses will
continue to exist in the PDA, however the major arts and cultural uses remain in
the Performing Arts District and in other locations across the city. Entertainment
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uses may emerge from time to time, but the industrial character of Little Haiti will
limit the development of an entertainment cluster as a significant economic driver
in the PDA.
Development Challenges Facing the Little Haiti Industrial PDA
Development Pressures
There continues to be pressure to rezone industrial property for other uses in Little Haiti's
Industrial PDA. Maintaining sufficient specialized and heavy industry to provide job
opportunities will require retaining industrial land.
Safety Perceptions
There remains some perception that Little Haiti is a difficult location to conduct business,
especially with regards to safety and security. New development in Magic City and around
Little Haiti Park will help reduce this perception problem. As the quality of specialized and
heavy industries develop in the PDA, the quality of the cluster will also increase.
Concentration of Low -Income, Low -Skill Workforce
The Little Haiti PDA must recognize the challenge posed by Miami's population
demographics and economics. The Brookings Institution reports that among the 100 largest
cities in the US, Miami ranks first in its poverty rate, third in the rent burden being carried
by households that rent their residences, and one -hundredth in median household income.
In addition, the US Census reports that more than 47% of the adult population aged 25 and
above have less than a high school education. Many of these persons are recent immigrants
with limited English language skills. While near and mid-term industrial development
opportunities can offer some enhancement in wages and skills, long term development will
depend on strategies to mitigate the education gap.
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Miami and Miami -Dade County Economic indicators
Miami 21
R FT
Rank Among 100
Largest U.S. Cities /
Counties
Miami City
Poverty Rate
Rent Burden
Share of Adult Population With at Least a B.A. Degree
Share of Households Earnings Between 518,000 and $81,0000
Median Household Income
1
3
94
96
100
Miami -Dade County
Poverty Rate 12
Rent Burden 1
Share of Adult Population With at Least a B.A. Degree 85
Share of Households Earnings Between $18,000 and $81,0000 62
Median Household Income 91
Source: Brookings Institution, 2004 (based on U.S. Census Bureau).
Lack of Affordable Housing
The gap between median household income and median homes prices in Miami continues
to increase. The Mayor of Miami has formed a task force to examine how more affordable
housing may be developed in the city. The challenge of providing decent, affordable
housing is national in scope, however the situation has become acute in Miami with the
rapidly rising housing prices. Providing affordable housing is sometimes only viewed as a
social issue, but it is also an economic one. A lack of affordable housing can result in loss
of jobs and business expansion opportunities and an increase in public expenditures to
support low -and -moderate households and their needs, thus reducing the available funding
for infrastructure and economic development.
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Jobs and the Economics of Employment
A major strength of the City of Miami is the overall size of its active labor force, with 2005
BLS data showing 157,400 annual resident -workers. The city represents the third largest
labor force concentration in the State of Florida, trailing only Jacksonville (398,000) and
Tampa Bay (160,900.) However, despite this strength, the Miami job market is
underperforming relative to statewide benchmarks. Between 1995 and 2005, Florida
employment increased at an average annual rate of approximately 2.7 percent. Meanwhile,
the Miami Metropolitan Division experienced average annual job growth of only 1.2
percent over the same 10-year time period.
As shown in Figure 1, Miami also appears to be more susceptible to downturns in the
national economy, evidenced by significant job loss during the most recent recession that
began in late 2001. This fact is largely attributable to a lack of diversity in the Miami -area
employment base, which tends to rely heavily on leisure and entertainment industries that
are supported by discretionary consumer spending.
Figure 1: Annual Job Growth by Month. 1995 to 2005
Annual Job Growth
6.0%
5.0%
4.0%
3.0°/°
2.0°/
1.0%
0.0%
Florida - Miami -Miami Beach -Kendal!
CT▪ , off, or,, on CO CO ▪ rn ai S 8 a
-1.0%
Source, Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation; Economics Research Associates, 2006
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Figure 2: Miami -Miami Beach -Kendall Metro Division Share of Florida
Employment, 1995 to 2005
r
Miami -Miami Beach -Kendall Share of FL Jobs
Share of Tota€ Jobs Share of Goods Producing Jobs Share of Service Jobs
18.0%
17.0%
160%
15.0% -
14.0%
13.0%
12 0%
11.0% -
10.0%
9.0%
8 0%
Vl V7 la co - r 00 00 01 01 O O N N m m C 7 Lel Vl
CS) 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 61 Ql o 0 0 0 0 o C7 o O p 0 O
C C C C j G j G rt
5
Source Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation; Economics Research Associates, 2006
These job growth trends have resulted in a smaller share of total Florida employment
concentrated in the Miami area. In 1995, the Miami -Miami Beach -Kendall Metropolitan
Division (roughly Miami -Dade County) contained over 15 percent of total state
employment; by 2005 the area's share declined slightly to less than 14 percent. Miami's
goods producing industries, such as manufacturing, warehousing, and wholesale trade,
experienced a significant loss in statewide job share, down from 14 percent in 1995 to less
than 10 percent a decade later. These types of industries are of critical importance to
Miami because of the diverse range of employment opportunities they afford the local
labor force. Jobs in goods producing industries typically offer livable wages, require
minimal formal education, and provide opportunity for career advancement.
Therefore, the analysis presented below focuses on the fundamental objective of ERA's
economic development strategy — the creation of a range of jobs that facilitate upward
mobility and improve the quality of life for all Miami residents.
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Analytical Framework
Based on the local employment trends described above, ERA developed an analytical
framework that identifies opportunities for Miami to diversify and expand its economic
base through targeted industry retention and attraction. More specifically, the framework
enables the evaluation of targeted industry sectors specific to the PDA as well as the
Transacts developed by DPZ for Miami 21. This analysis provides a view of the
competitive strength of Miami, and by extension the PDA, with respect to a variety of
industry sectors as they relate to job opportunities and livable wages.
ERA utilized North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) based sector
definitions to identify 59 potential industry sectors with land use and economic
characteristics that are consistent with the PDA and the Transect overlays. A list of the 59
industry sectors and the applicable Transact overlays considered for the purposes of this
analysis can be found in the attached Appendix.
It should be expected that the number and type of potential industry sectors will vary based
on the character of the Transacts proposed for the PDA. For example, if a "D2-i-leavy
Industrial" overlay is proposed for the PDA, the model only considers those industry
sectors typically classified as "heavy industrial," such as the manufacture of chemicals,
major automobile repair, and other nuisance -creating sectors that are incompatible with a
residential land use. However, if the PDA only contained the "T5-R Urban Center
Residential" overlay, the model excludes industries associated with D2, and focuses only
on those applicable to T5-R.
Ranking Criteria
The next step in ERA's model utilizes three ranking criteria in order to select targeted
industries out of the 59 that will have the greatest economic development impact on the
PDA. The ranking criteria include the following: 1) industry skills requirements; 2) the
relative concentration of local industry employment; and 3) industry wages.
While ERA's analytical model primarily reflects a job -based approach, in reality, firm
location decisions can be quite complex and tend to involve a variety of important
considerations. For example, a city with weak labor force demographics may attract an
industry sector by offering relocation incentives, cheap land, low rental rates, access to a
major transportation network, or a favorable local tax structure. Similarly, a city with
strong labor force demographics can lose an industry due to higher business costs or
insufficient transportation infrastructure.
However, by utilizing a jobs -based approach, ERA's model ensures that the targeted
industry sectors meet or exceed the following thresholds:
■ Does the local labor force meet the minimum occupational education and skill
requirements for this particular industry?
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• If the local labor force does not meet the minimum occupational education
and skill requirements, are there near -term training solutions to better equip
residents for the workplace?
■ Does the industry sector have a presence in the Miami area of regional or
national significance — i.e. can a new firm leverage existing economies of
scale?
• Are industry sector wages competitive with other good quality jobs in the
Miami area — i.e. industry sector jobs will enhance quality of life and
economic status for workers?
Does the industry sector compliment or support another industry sector
targeted for the PDA?
Criterion 1 — Industry Skills Requirement
The first criterion assures that there is a match between the educational attainment of the
Miami resident labor force with the skills and education required to perform a particular
job within an industry sector.
In order to develop a skills and education benchmark for each industry sector, ERA relied
on 2005 Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation data that assigned an occupational
education requirement code to over 800 types of jobs. ERA also utilized data from the US
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics that details the types of job functions
comprising the 59 industry sectors.
By combining the data from these two sources, ERA calculated an occupational education
requirement score, where a score of "1.0" indicates that no jobs in an industry sector
require a high school diploma, and a score of "5.0" means that every job in an industry
sector requires an advanced degree. Most industry sectors fall somewhere in between the
two extremes.
Next, ERA analyzed population data from the US Census, 2004 American Community
Survey to calculate a similar score for the labor force of City of Miami and Miami -Dade
County, respectively. The City of Miami working population represents the immediately
available Tabor force, whereas the Miami -Dade County working population represents an
available labor force, but only when necessary. For the purposes of this analysis, ERA
considered the labor force to be the population between the ages of 18 and 64.
As shown below in Table 1, the educational attainment score for the city and county are
2.39 and 2.67, respectively. This suggests that the average labor force participant in both
jurisdictions has a skill set that can be attained through some combination of high school,
vocational training, or community college.
Finally, ERA compared the industry sector occupational education requirement score to the
labor force educational attainment score. An industry sector score that is below the labor
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force score implies that adequate staffing can be achieved without significant private
investment in on-the-job training or public investment in workforce development
programs.
ERA considers industry sectors that can be staffed atthe city level to offer greater near
term opportunity for job creation. An industry sector that can only be staffed at the county
level suggests that either non -Miami residents will occupy some of the jobs created by a
new firm, or that the city and/or the firm will have to invest in local workforce
development programs.
Table 1: Level of Educational Attainment, Miami Area Labor Force, 2004
Edu
Code Level of Educational Attainment
% of Population Between Ages 18 & 64
City of
Miami
Miami -Dade
County
Florida
United
States
1 No High School Diploma
2 High School Graduate
3 Some College, Vocational Certificate,
Associates Degree
4 Bachelors Degree
5 Advanced Degree
Labor Force Education Attainment Score
28,8To
30 5%
2 1 . 7 %
11.4%
7 6%
17.8%
30.9%
27.5%
14.6%
9-2%
1511 '39i1 fit% „2.'b7 r
14.2% 14 3%
30,2% 29 3%
31 4% 30.3%
16.1% 17 2%
8.1% 8,90/
2.74 2.77
Source: US Census, 2004 American Community Survey; Economics Research Associates
Criterion 2 — Local Concentration of Industry Sector Employment
The second criterion identifies industry sectors that have an established regional or national
presence. Cities with prominent industry sectors are able to provide new firms with
immediate access to a skilled labor force, capital markets, and infrastructure. The
economy of scale that is generated by this type of activity in turn enhances the
marketability of the city's business community.
The industry sector concentration score is derived from the utilization of location quotient
analysis, a commonly used technique to identify "specializations" in a local area by
comparing proportional employment concentrations in the local economy to those of a
larger benchmark economy. In this case, the local economy is Miami -Dade County (data
at the detailed industry sector is unavailable at the city level) and the "benchmark"
economies are those of the State of Florida and the United States.
From a trade volume perspective, the BLS Location Quotient data provides a comparison
of Miami -Dade County employment by industry to that of the state or nation in the form of
a ratio. A factor of 0.7.5 to 1.25 indicates that the proportion of employment for an
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individual industry located on Miami -Dade County is balanced with the national rate of
employment for that industry. Ratios greater than 1.25 indicate that the location is a net
exporter of goods and services associated with that industry; ratios less than 0.75 indicate
that the location is a net importer of goods associated with that industry.
An industry sector than reports a high ratio at the national level is generally considered to
be very competitive, and Miami could potentially become a magnet for firm relocation.
Meanwhile, an industry sector that has a high ratio at only the state level suggests that
Miami could potentially face competition from cities in other states targeting a similar type
of business. Media Production is a Miami -specific example of this type of industry sector.
Criterion 3 — industry Wages
The final criterion addresses the issue of livable wages. Current job growth patterns
suggest that the city is moving toward a local economy that subsists on low -paying service
and hospitality jobs. Long-term sustainability can only be achieved by targeting industry
sectors that foster higher -value jobs_
Out of all the industry sectors that met the skills and employment concentration criteria,
ERA then selected target sectors that offer annual wages near, or above, the average annual
wage for all jobs in Miami -Dade County (data is unavailable at the city level), reported by
the US Bureau of Labor Statistics in 2005 at approximately $36,100. ERA made
exceptions for some industry sectors that passed the first two screening criteria, but failed
the wages criterion, if the sector is a necessary compliment to another sector that had been
identified as PDA target opportunity.
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Targeted Industries for Little Haiti PDA
ERA analyzed a range of industries that offer improved wage and skill employment
opportunities that also meet the particular geographic and physical characteristics of Little
Haiti. The industries were also categorized based on the immediacy of the opportunity and
the relative requirements for entry into the PDA based on investment, workforce readiness
and Miami's relative position to take advantage of the opportunity. Industries were sorted
by "near -term opportunities" (representing immediate to five years for development) and
"mid-term opportunities" (representing those industries that will require some investment
in infrastructure, workforce skills development or current presence in the Miami market).
A table illustrating all of the near -and -mid-term industrial sector opportunities for Little
Haiti is included.
Near -Term Industrial Sectors for Little Haiti
D 1 — Specialized Industrial Transect
Some representative near -term specialized industrial sector (D-1) opportunities for Little
Haiti include:
• Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing (NAICS 339100) - This industry
comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing medical equipment
and supplies. Examples of products made by these establishments are laboratory
apparatus and furniture, surgical and medical instruments, surgical appliances and
supplies, dental equipment and supplies, orthodontic goods, dentures, and
orthodontic appliances.
• Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 423200) - This
industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant wholesale
distribution of furniture
■ Lumber and Other Construction Materials Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 423300)
- This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant
wholesale distribution of lumber; plywood; reconstituted wood fiber products;
wood fencing; doors and windows and their frames (all materials); wood roofing
and siding; and/or other wood or metal millwork. Custom cabinetry is included in
this industry sector.
• Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies Merchant
Wholesalers (NAICS 423700) - This industry comprises establishments primarily
engaged in the merchant wholesale distribution of plumbing equipment, hydronic
heating equipment, household -type gas appliances, and/or supplies. A typical
business may be engaged in heating and air-conditioning equipment installation
and repair.
Other sectors included in the near -term for Little Haiti are:
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Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating Equipment and Supplies Merchant
Wholesalers
• Grocery and Related Product Wholesalers
• Warehousing and Storage
• Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance
D-2 Heavy Industrial Near -Term Sectors
Heavy industrial sectors recommended for Little Haiti's D-2 areas include:
■ Chemical and Allied Products Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 424600) - This
industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in the merchant
wholesale distribution of chemicals; plastics materials and basic forms and shapes;
and allied products. Some discretion should be used to determine which chemical
products might be acceptable in the area.
■ Warehousing and Storage (NAICS 493000) — This group represents a full range of
businesses engaged in operating warehousing and storage facilities for general
merchandise, refrigerated goods, and other warehouse products. These
establishments provide facilities to store goods. They do not sell the goods they
handle. Bonded warehousing and storage services and warehouses located in free
trade zones are included in the industries of this subsector and could provide Little
Haiti with an opportunity to engage in international trade and commerce.
T5-R Urban Center Restricted Near Term Industry Sectors
For the Little Haiti TS-R transects, ERA recommends the following sectors:
• Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 423200)
• Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance (NAICS 811400) — This
sector represents a wide array of repair and maintenance businesses including:
home and garden equipment repair and maintenance; repairing and servicing
household appliances; reupholstering, refinishing, repairing and restoring furniture
and other personal goods repair.
Mid -Term Industrial Sectors
D 1 Specialized Industry Sectors
Mid-term industrial sector opportunities for Little Haiti's Dl areas include the following:
• Professional and Commercial Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers
(NAICS 423400) - Merchant wholesale distribution of photographic equipment
and supplies; office, computer, and computer peripheral equipment; and medical,
dental, hospital, ophthalmic, and other commercial and professional equipment and
supplies.
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Electrical and Electronic Goods Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 423600) -
Merchant wholesale distribution of electrical construction materials; wiring
supplies; electric light fixtures; light bulbs; and/or electrical power equipment for
the generation, transmission, distribution, or control of electric energy.
• Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant Wholesalers (NAICS 424200) - The
merchant wholesale distribution of biological and medical products; botanical
drugs and herbs; and pharmaceutical products.
Other mid-term sectors in DI Little Haiti include:
• Paper and Paper Product Merchant Wholesalers
• Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers
• Sound Recording Industries
D2 Heavy Industry Sectors
Mid-term D2 sectors include:
• Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing (NAICS 312000) - businesses that
manufacture nonalcoholic beverages; alcoholic beverages through the fermentation
process; and distilled alcoholic beverages. Ice manufacturing, while not a
beverage, is included with nonalcoholic beverage manufacturing because it uses
the same production process as water purification.
• Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing (NAICS 327000) — Such businesses
as pottery and ceramics manufacturing, manufacturing vitreous china plumbing
fixtures, manufacturing porcelain electrical insulators, molded porcelain parts for
electrical devices, and clay roofing tiles
• Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers (NA1CS
424800).
T5-R Urban Center Restricted Mid -Term Industry Sectors
For the Little Haiti T5-R transacts, ERA recommends the following sectors:
■ Printing and Related Support Activities (NAICS 323000) — Businesses that print
products, such as newspapers, books, labels, business cards, stationery, business
forms, and other materials, and perform support activities, such as data imaging,
plate making services, and bookbinding.
■ Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing (NAICS 339900).
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NEAR
D1 - SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL
TERM TARGETED
NAICS ID
INDUSTRY SECTORS - LITTLE
HAITI
NAICS ID
TR-5 - URBAN CENTER RESTRICTED
D2 - HEAVY INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
Industry Sector Description
Industry Sector Description
339190 Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing
424600
Chemical and Allied Products Merchant
Wholesalers
423200
Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant
Wholesalers
423200 Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant
Wholesalers
4s3900
Warehousing and Storage
et14o0
Personal and Household Goods Repair and
Maintenance
423300 Lumber and Other Construction Materials
Merchant Wholesalers
423700 Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating
Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers
424400 Grocery and Related Product Wholesalers
-.
403000 Warehousing and Storage
stunPersonal and Household Goods Repair and
Maintenance
MID TERM
TARGETED INDUSTRY SECTORS - LITTLE
HAITI
NAICS ID
Dt - SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID
D2 • HEAVY INDUSTRIAL
TR-5 - URBAN CENTER RESTRICTED
Industry Sector Description
Industry Sector Description
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
330000
Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
212000
Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing
323000 Printing and Related Support Activities
422400
Professional and Commercial Equipment and
Supplies Merchant Wholesalers
327000
Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
339900 Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
423900
Electrical and Electronic Goods Merchant
Wholesalers
424e00
Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage
Merchant Wholesalers
424100
Paper and Paper Product Merchant Wholesalers
`
424200
Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant
Wholesalers
424500
Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage
Merchant Wholesalers
512200
Sound Recording Industries
515100
Radio and Television Broadcasting
•
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis
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ERA
Overview of Fiscal & Economic Impact Analysis
The purpose of this segment of the Priority Development Area (PDA) analyses is to
provide the City of Miami and local property owners, businesses, and residents with an
analytical framework for evaluating the relative economic and fiscal implications relating
to the proposed Transect Pan. This analysis provides a point of departure for discussion
and further research and analysis regarding these proposed zoning changes.
The basis for this analysis originates from a comparison of current zoning (and sample
building types) against the anticipated building types that are associated with the Transect
Zoning at full build -out. As such, the analyses presented in the economic and fiscal
component of the PDA studies should be considered conceptual and illustrative in
nature.
Summary of Economic and Fiscal Drivers
ERA's economic and fiscal analysis is based on a series of integrated plan assumptions
consistent with the Transect Planning Areas with in PDAs. ERA notes that from a real
estate development standpoint, increased density will result in higher property taxes to the
city, consistent with the Transect Plan's primary objective to achieve densification of
commercial corridors and nodes (e.g., NW Fifth Avenue in Wynwood). Concurrently,
retaining and expanding industrial jobs in areas designated as D1 and D2 Transects result
in economic benefits from job retention and improvements in base salary levels.
Based on a review of the City of Miami Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (FY
2005), the primary drivers of the City of Miami General Fund budget revenues are property
taxes (33 percent), charges for services (29 percent), and public services taxes and
operating grants (19 percent). The balance of the City's General Fund budget revenue
structure is comprised of nominal contributions from franchise taxes, capital grants and
contributions, state revenue sharing, sales and use taxes, investment earnings, and other
miscellaneous sources (19 percent).
ERA concludes that that the primary fiscal implications of the proposed Transect Pan are
associated with a potential net gain or loss in real property tax revenues and the nature of
employment within the PDA boundaries.
Methodology and Approach
In order to develop the assumptions that form the basis for comparing the long-term fiscal
and economic performance of prototypical building types associated with individual
zoning categories, ERA conducted site visits to the two PDA's identified by ERA's earlier
economic analysis to assess current conditions of building uses, conditions, and relative
productivity within the Miami area.
ERA collected research on current values associated with construction costs, assessed
property values, retail sales productivities, and other factors to develop estimates of
property market value and employment generation capacity.
Economics Research Associates
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Project No 16068 Page 28
ERA
D AFT
ERA also reviewed the current structure of the City of Miami General Fund Budget
(FY2005) to test the relationship between the potential property, sales and other tax
revenues that could be generated by the anticipated land uses associated with the proposed
Transect Zoning. Based on this research, ERA includes only ad valorem real property
taxes and property.
Note that these assumptions are estimates based on the relative performance of a sampling
of current and potential space users located in properties in each of the representative
zoning categories located within the PDAs; these figures are subject to change as the
Transect Zoning guidelines are refined and as market conditions continue to evolve.
The fiscal and economic benefits are based on the prototypical development programs at
build out. The analysis considers fiscal and economic performance in two distinct
scenarios — current state (today's zoning) and future state (as envisioned upon
implementation of the proposed Transect Plan). The figures analyzed in this modeling
exercise represent the potential annual recurring fiscal and economic activity associated
with prototypical space users located within the PDAs.
Although fiscal and economic benefits will occur on two levels — direct and secondary —
ERA includes only the direct impacts associated with on -site job creation and tax revenues
that are reasonably expected to occur within the PDA boundaries. Secondary, or indirect;
benefits are expected to occur outside of the PDA boundaries due to associated spending
by construction workers, permanent residents, employees, and visitors associated with the
PDA-based land uses. Although ERA considers secondary property investment, retail
spending, and employment occurring outside of the PDA boundaries as catalytic drivers of
District -wide economic redevelopment activity, these benefits would be difficult to
quantify in the absence of a specific development proposal. As such, secondary fiscal and
economic benefits are excluded from the analysis.
Base Assumptions
ERA's estimates are based on current and future PDA-based economic activity associated
with property reinvestment and new construction, and employment). The future -state
scenarios are based on the assumption that the economic activity would not occur "but for"
the public and private investment that would result from land use and space user changes
anticipated by implementation of the proposed Transect Plan. The total anticipated fiscal
and economic benefits are based on a range of residential and commercial activities at
build out (stabilized year of operations for each illustrative use).
ERA contacted the City of Miami Finance Department to obtain current rates for the
applicable sales, property and other tax revenue streams that would accrue to City and
County governments, as applicable. ERA also validated the assumptions that form the
basis for determining the fiscal and economic impacts of the proposed development.
ERA also relied upon assumptions reported by available industry sources such as Costar,
Marshall and Swift Cost Estimators, the US Bureau of Economic Analysis for property
values, employment generation factors, and other inputs that formulated ERA's estimate of
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 15068 29
ERA
potential occupied space by building type and the associated market value and employment
generation capacity represented by the various zoning categories.
ERA's detailed assumptions are presented in the Appendix of this report.
Real Property Tax Revenues
The City of Miami levies a real property tax on all commercial ("non -homestead") and
residential ("homestead") properties located within the city boundaries. The City of Miami
sets millage rate on an annual basis. The City of Miami Commission reviews and approves
the millage rate on an annual basis, with adjustments generally depending on the growth of
the tax base and other economic factors. Although the City of Miami imposes the millage
rate, the city is under an intergovernmental agreement whereby Miami -Dade County
assesses city properties and collects the associated real property tax revenues. In return,
Miami -Dade County retains an administrative fee equal to approximately 1.5 percent of
total collected tax revenues.
The process for establishing annual assessment value is differentiated by non -homestead
(commercial) and homestead (primary residential) uses. According to Florida State
Statute, real property tax assessments on homestead properties are restricted a three percent
annual appreciation rate. Non -homestead (commercial) properties are based on market
appreciation calculated through a random sampling of property sales transactions Citywide
on an annual basis. Assessments on new property within the first year of occupancy are
based on the value of land and building construction costs.
Upon the second year of occupancy, new construction property tax assessments revert to
the market value approach. Assessed values for both homestead and non -homestead
properties are set at 75 percent of market value. Property value assumptions will reflect
current appraised values reported by the City of Miami. Employment impacts will reflect
the most up-to-date labor market statistics reported by the Florida Agency for Workforce
Innovation, unless other resources are identified by the City of Miami.
As the basis for calculating real property tax revenues, ERA obtained transaction value
trends data by land use type for properties located within the PDA boundaries (vacant land,
single family and multifamily residential, light and heavy industrial/flex uses, and retail)
from Costar. ERA further tested these assumptions by collecting replacement construction
costs data from Marshall and Swift (adjusted to reflect local Miami conditions). If
additional data regarding assessed value trends the City of Miami becomes available, ERA
will further test the assumptions regarding assessed property values within each of the
PDAs.
Sales and Use Taxes
The combined state and local sales and use tax rate is 7.0 percent of gross retail sales (6.0
percent state tax and 1.0 percent local tax). After local businesses remit the total sales tax
collections directly to the Florida Department of Revenue, the City of Miami receives a
share of the sales tax returned by the state to Miami Dade County through an annual
intergovernmental transfer mechanism. According to the Miami Department of Finance,
Economics Research Associates
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Y
Miami -Dade County transfers the proportionate share of sales tax revenues based on ratio
of the City of Miami's population to the population within the entire county. The funds
may be used for general governmental purposes (80 percent) or for transit projects (20
percent).
In effect, the local share of sales tax revenues retained by the City of Miami is nominal
when compared to the total General Fund budget revenue structure. As an example, based
on 2004 Florida Department of Revenue intergovernmental revenue sharing data, for every
S100 in gross retail sales, the City of Miami received only $0.0I 5 (one and one-half cents)
in intergovernmental sales tax revenues from Miami -Dade County. Based on this nominal
contribution by sales tax revenues to city -level budgeting, ERA does not consider potential
changes in sales tax revenue flows to be a primary driver of the fiscal component of this
analysis. However, there could be other economic implications associated with improving
retail sales within the PDAs, such as providing enhanced support for urban housing
through mixed -use retail concepts.
Tax and Fee Revenues Excluded from the Analysis
In addition to the annual ongoing tax and fee revenues associated with potential
development activity resulting from the Transect Plan, the City of Miami will benefit from
one-time capital spending on construction activity. These benefits typically include hard
and soft construction costs. Hard construction costs are split between materials (60 percent
of hard costs) costs and construction wages (40 of hard costs). Soft costs comprise the
remaining balance of total construction, typically representing 35 percent of total
construction investment.
In addition to the job and wage benefits, the sale of construction materials will generate
additional sales and use taxes. However, given the inherent difficulty in sourcing the
location of these sales, this tax revenue potential is somewhat speculative.
In addition to the direct benefits described above, the project will have secondary effects
on the local economy as well. This will result from new resident households within the
PDAs spending dollars in other area businesses for grocery items, apparel and other
household goods, and restaurant and entertainment.
Additional tax and fee revenues that could be considered applicable to the representative
industrial and commercial building uses illustrated by the current zoning and the proposed
Transect Plan include:
• Personal Property Taxes
■ Intergovernmental revenues
■ Charges for services
• Internal service funds
• Other miscellaneous/non-revenue funds
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti lndustriai Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068 31
ERA
Due to the lack of a specific redevelopment proposal, the tax and fee revenues are derived
from expenditures on construction investment and indirect spending are difficult to
quantify. Although these revenues are applicable to the consideration of the full range of
fiscal and economic activity that would accrue to the City of Miami's General Fund as a
result of the proposed Transect Plan, these items are excluded from the quantitative
analysis. As such, ERA's estimates are considered to be conservative.
General Fund Public Service Costs
ERA evaluated the potential need for incremental one-time capital improvements within
each of the PDAs as a result of the proposed Transect Zoning. ERA's review focused on
the capital improvements associated with the following functional city departments:
• Fire -Rescue Department
• Miami Parking Authority
• Parks & Recreation Department
• Solid Waste Department
• Public Works Department
Based on the proposed land use scenarios, ERA evaluated the need for additional capital
costs to support the real estate development that could occur under the proposed transect
zoning. According to the City of Miami Finance .Department, the majority of anticipated
one-time capital improvement costs are offset by developer impact fees and earmarked
revenues generated by the Local Option "Half -Cent Transit Sur -Tax" (or the "Peoples'
Transportation Tax").
Another common form of public service cost revenues is in the form of special taxing
district fees (e.g. business improvement districts or special assessment districts). ERA
evaluated whether development occurring within the Wynwood and Little Haiti priority
development areas could be subject to special taxing district fees (e.g. business
improvement districts or special assessment districts) and determined that these areas do
not currently have a sufficient revenue base to warrant a special taxing district.
Although ERA evaluated the potential public service costs associated with potential
changes in building uses within the P.DA areas, ERA concluded that a determination of
potential costs would require a refined development program to serve as a basis for cost
estimates. However, from a general standpoint, ERA considers the current development
impact fee requirements to the most applicable resource for off -setting the marginal costs
that would result from the majority of the anticipated intensification of land uses
envisioned by designated areas within the Transect Plan.
However, the City of Miami has recently completed an infrastructure capacity analysis
associated with the 2005-2006 Multi -Year Capital Plan (Finance/Financial Policies/ Anti -
Deficiency Act/ Financial integrity Principles) that has identified specific areas and capital
programs in need of funding to meet required level of service standards across multiple
Economics Research Associates
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ERA
functional areas of transportation, public safety, parks and recreation, public realm
facilities and amenities, and community development. ERA concludes that consideration
of the potential public service capital costs associated with the proposed Transect Plan
within the PDA's would require further in-depth study outside the scope of this assignment
to fully evaluate any potential funding gaps or deficiencies in public service delivery.
Table 2: City of Miami Development Impact Fee Schedule
Residential (Per DU)
Single Family Detached
Low Rise
High Rise
t)eneral Parks and
Police Fire -Rescue Services Recreation
$ 164 $
$ 144 $
$ 95 $
704 $
619 $
409 $
413 $
363 $
239 $
6,818
5,998
3,959
Non -Residential (Per 1,000 SF Commercial Space)/1
Light Industrial $ 0.107 $ 0.210 $ 0.087 N/A
Manufacturing $ 0.059 $ 0.162 $ 0.068 N/A
Warehousing $ 0.076 $ 0.116 $ 0.048 N/A
Mini -Warehouse $ 0.038 $ 0.003 $ 0.001 N/A
General Office $ 0.206 $ 0,336 $ 0.140 N/A
Commercial/Shop Ctr $ 0.609 $ 0.227 $ 0.095 N/A
1/ Development impact and other related fees according to City of Miami Ordinance File No. 05-
01042, Chapter 13, Section 13-1 through 13-13. Development impact fee rates for non-residential
General Office and Commercial/Shopping Centers are based on the midpoint of the fee rate schedule
for all building types and sizes.
Source? City of Miami; Economics Research Associates, 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068 33
ERA
R:4FT
III. Economic & Fiscal Implications of Proposed Transect
Plan
Introduction
Based on the methodology and approach detailed in the introduction to ERA's fiscal and
economic analysis, ERA compared and contrasted the fiscal implications of a range of land
uses under the current zoning versus the proposed Miami Transect Plan. ERA based the
comparative analytical structure on the following three primary elements:
• Physical Implications: Building type, use, height, And character
• Economic Implications: Comparison of jobs creation capacity
■ Fiscal Implications: Comparison of property tax generation capacity
ERA's findings imply that the proposed Transect Plan does not necessarily represent a
wholesale change in land use, job creation, or property tax revenue generation, with the
exception of those areas with potential for significant land assemblage (15 acres or more),
or a substantial increase in density or intensification of land use. In short, the Transect
Plan provides the opportunity for transitioning density to appropriate locations, corridors,
or nodes, while retaining the supply of light/heavy industrial uses to provide the City with
much needed capacity to serve users of those building types, thereby supporting the
regional import/export and light manufacturing economy as a whole. ERA provides the
detailed findings resulting from the Wynwood and Little Haiti Priority Development Area
analyses in the following summary of results.
Basis for Property Tax Valuation
Summary of Table Footnotes
The following summary of calculation supports Table 3 on the following page, Current and
Proposed Property Tax Valuation Characteristics. This table represents the anticipated
market value per square foot for a sampling of representative space users associated with
the zoning categories identified in each of the PDAs. Estimated property tax revenues are
based on the following series of assumptions and calculations:
1. Total building value is based on a sampling of the replacement costs for
light/heavy industrial and multifamily buildings reported by Marshall and Swift
Cost Estimators (adjusted to reflect current local City of Miami conditions).
2. Land factor value is based on the proportion of land value per dirt square foot as a
share of total transaction value for light/heavy industrial buildings as reported by
Costar for the City of Miami (as of 4th quarter 2005). Residential examples are
based on recent ERA interviews with national urban multifamily real estate
developers.
3. Property market value represents the sum of estimated construction costs per
square foot plus estimated land costs per square foot.
Economics Research Associates
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DRAF
4. Assessed value is 75 percent of appraised property market value.
5. Property taxes per 10,000 square foot building are based on the estimated assessed
value divided by $1,000 and multiplied by the most recently reported City of
Miami Real Property Tax Millage rate of 7.9995 (note figures are rounded to
reflect illustration purposes). ERA provides examples for 10,000 square foot
buildings for each zoning category located within the PDAs to provide a point of
comparison for the relative real property tax contribution by building type and
space user.
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068 35
Table 3: CURREIRMIPATED PROPERTY TAX VALUATION CHARACTERISTICS
Total Land Factor Property Market Assessed
Building (10% of Value (Land + Value/SF
Cost Replacement Land Value / Improvements) (@75% of
CURRENT ZONING Example Property Type Example Property Class Value/SF Cost) Surface SF /5F/3 Market Value)
Property Taxes Per
10,000 SF Building
C1: Restricted Light Manf/
Commercial Warehousing Low Cost Class C $25.54 10% $255 $28 $21
C2: Liberal Heavy Industrial/
Commercial Manufacturing Low Cost Class C $26.14 10% $261 $29 $22
Light Manf/
I: Industrial Warehousing Low Cost Class C $25.54 10% $255 $28 $21
R2/3: Low/Medium Apartments/
Density Residential Duplexes Low Cost Class C $67.55 20% $1351 $81 $61
$1,690
$1,725
$1,690
$4,860
Anticipated Property Tax Valuation Characteristics
Total Land Factor Property Market Assessed
Building (10% of Value (Land + Value/SF
PROPOSED TRANSECT Cost Replacement land Value/ Improvements) /5F (@75% of
ZONING Example Property Type Example Property Class Value/SF Cost) Surface SF /3 Market Value)
Property Taxes Per
10,000 SF Building
DI: Specialized Light Manf/ Average Cost Class
Industrial Warehousing 8 $5214 10% $5.21 $57 $43
D2: Heavy Heavy Manf/
Industrial Warehousing Low Class B $78.52 10% $7.85 $86 $65
T5 R: Urban Center Mixed -Use
Residential (RetaiVResidential) Good Class C $85.06 20% $17.01 $102 $77
$3,441
$5,182
$6,124
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department; Costar; US Bureau of Economic Analysis;
Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research Associates, 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis Project No, 16068
Page 36
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ERA
Little Haiti Priority Development Area (PDA)
The following table provides a snapshot of a range of potential space user changes associated
with the transition from current zoning to the Transect Plan in the Little Haiti PDA. ERA
provides these examples for discussion purposes only and comparisons are subject to change.
Table 4: CURRENT AND PROPOSED ZONING CHARACTERISTICS
ILLUSTRATIVE IMPLICATIONS OF ZONING
TRANSFORMATION
CURRENT ZONING
PROPOSED TRANSECT
ZONING
77nd Way Corridor area transitions
retains and attracts service -related and
light industrial businesses/warehousing
uses
Area south of East/West FEC Spur retains
heavy industrial use and consolidates
density and employment
Former mobile home park transitions to
high density mixed-use/mixed income
urban neighborhood
Little Haiti Park neighborhood transitions
from light industrial to Townhouse
residential
Site Conditions To Be Verified
C-2: Liberal Commercial
I: Industrial
I: Industrial
I: industrial
R3: Multifamily Med
Density Residential
D1: Specialized
Industrial
D2: Heavy Industrial
T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami; Economics Research Associates; 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis Project No 16068
Page 37
ERA
Little Haiti Priority Development Area
Summary of Table Footnotes
The following summary of table footnotes apply to Tabll
proposed physical, economic, and fiscal characteristics ce 3 through Table l 0, current and
following pages: if the Little Haiti PDA, on the
1. User example reflects prototypical development
as reflected by current and proposed zoning coneprogram for a range of potential users
2. Square footage estimates ("Illustrative Square F(epts.
of the PDAs. Square footages reflect prototypicttet") do not reflect the total built area
that could include either a single parcel or a serital conceptual development programs
within the Priority Development Areas. These s.s of adjacent combined parcels
intended to provide a conceptual comparison of pace estimates and user examples are
density, and property values as a result of the Trpotential changes in zoning, land use,
consideration by the Miami 21 project. These es nsect Zoning changes under
only and are subject to change. ;timates are for discussion purposes
3. "Typical Building Height" reflects average heigl
4. Square footage estimates do not reflect the total it across all developable space.
footages reflect prototypical conceptual developbullt area of the PDAs. Square
either a single parcel or a series of adjacent comlment programs that could include
Development Areas. Dined parcels within the Priority
5. Property value is based on cost approach to calct
hard/soft construction costs) as estimated by Malalating market value (land and
6. The economic analysis is based on ERA's estinnrsha]1 & Swift Cost Estimators.
category of employment is defined as jobs held F1tion of "at -place" employment. This
boundaries of the PDA. At -place employment day employees working only within the
which represents jobs held by residents within thiffers from "labor force" employment
anywhere. e PDA boundaries working
Summary of Tables and Analytical Find
• Table 5: Current Physical Characteristics — UngS
examples, prototypical lot coverage, implied flocrhe area's current zoning, space user
and assumed vacancy rate. Current estimates are,r area ratio, typical building height,
interviews with City officials, brokers, land °writ. based on ERA site visits and
representatives. and other community
• Table 6: Anticipated Physical Characteristic
characteristics (as detailed in current conditions)s — The area's anticipated physical
and land use guidelines. . based on the Transect Plan's zoning
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysts
Project 16068 38
ERA
DRAFT
Table 7: Current At -Place Employment Characteristics — A representative
sampling of the employment yields associated with a range of building types
associated with the current zoning categories located in the PDA. Employment yields
are based on assumed building occupancy and industry standards for employment per
square foot of commercial space.
■ Table 8: Anticipated At -Place Employment Characteristics /Net Gain (Loss)
of Jobs — Estimate of the employmentyield associated with the likely building users
that would be attracted to D1: Specialized Industrial and D2: Heavy Industrial uses. A
small amount of employment is also anticipated with the medium density multifamily
properties in the form of building managers and the like. The majority of the space
users within the PDA are anticipated to transition from marginal, low employment
yielding subsistence jobs to small-scale, specialized manufacturing and service -based
businesses / wholesale and warehousing uses with a nominal increase in employment.
Notably, ERA anticipates that the Transect Plan provides the opportunity to transition
the subsistence employment associated with current uses to upgrade skilled/low-
capital intensive employment with an improved wage base due to the concentration of
light -industrial activity in designated areas within the city.
• Table 9: Current Fiscal Characteristics — Estimate of the current property tax
generation capacity of a range of C2: Liberal Commercial special use sites and I:
Industrial manufacturing and warehousing space users. The majority of these
properties were classified as "Low Cost Class C" as defined by Marshall and Swift
Cost Estimators.
• Table 10: Anticipated Fiscal Characteristics/Net Gain (Loss) of Property Tax
Revenues —Estimate of the anticipated DI : Specialized Industrial and D2: Heavy
Industrial, and TR4 and 5 Low to Medium Density Multifamily Residential uses
proposed by the Transect Plan. ERA concludes that only those prototypical industrial
development opportunities with a significant increase in density or intensification of
uses would result in substantial increased in real property tax revenues. Conversely,
the transition from industrial to mixed -use residential indicates a significant increase
in property tax collections (on a dirt square foot basis) due to the relatively higher
value of residential building improvements as compared to industrial construction as
well as the likelihood of increased density. However, the introduction of mixed -use
properties in a traditionally industrial area should be approached with caution due to
the need to maintain appropriate barriers between incompatible land uses. This
market condition is especially true with respect to residential development in the City
of Miami due the current availability of housing in established urban neighborhoods
that would have a better chance of competing within the Miami housing market.
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068 39
Econorni
Miami 21
E R A
Table 5: CURRENT PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: LITTLE HAITI PDA
Prototype Assumed Typical
Development Lot Building
CURRENT Parcel Size Coverage Height Illustrative
ZONING User Example (Acres) Ratio (Floors)- Square Feet/2
Occupied
Implied Space wlln Occupied
FAR Building Space (SF)
C-2: Liberal Automotive repair,
Commercial construction company
office/equipment
storage, and
warehousing 0.29 80% 1
I: Industrial Dairy Processing/
Distribution
4.50 51% 1
I: Industrial Former Mobile Home
Park 11.00 24% 1
I: Industrial Warehousing/ Food
Distribution, Auto -
Related Repair Services,fr-
Interior Design Suppliers 1.00 80% 1
R3: Site Conditions To Be
Multifamily Verified
Med Density
Residential
10,000
100,000
115,000
35,000
0.80 95% 9,500
0.51 95% 95,000
0.24 100% 115,000
0.80 80% 28,000.
a5EttifQ0i• 4el lelettrsZyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department; Costar; US Bureau of
PPQahtiimite4g1g9ts!AWPIN llisfl: Swift CePTIctih tot§ onomics Research Ass:�fl� 49 2006.
ERA
Table 6: ANTICIPATED PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS: LITTLE HAITI PDA
PROPOSED TRANSECT
ZONING
User Example
Prototype Assumed Typical
Development Lot Building
Parcel Size Coverage Height
(Acres) Ratio (Floors)/4
Illustrative
Square Implied
Feet/2 FAR
Occupied
Space
w/In Occupied
Building Space (SF)
C2 to D1: Specialized
Industrial
to D2: Heavy Industrial
I to T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
I to T4 L: Urban General
Residential
R3 to TS R: Urban
Center Residential
Specialty craft -related businesses,
custom cabinet work, home
remodeling services, decorative
ironwork
Dairy Processing/Distribution
Apartment/Condo Building
Ground Floor Neighborhood
Serving GAFO/F&B
Medium Density, Attainable
Townhouse Residential with
Surface Parking
Apartment/Condo Building
0.29
4.50
80%
71%
10,000 0.80
140,000 0.71
962,100
29,800
11.00 69% 3 991,900 2.07
1.00 75% 2
1.00 69% 3
95% 9,500
95% 133,000
90% 865,890
90% 26,820
892,710
65,600 1.50 100% 65,600
90,200 2.07 90% 81,180
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck, City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department; Costar; US Bureau of Economic
Analysis; Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research Associates, 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis Project No. 16068
Page 41
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Project 16068
ERA
DRAFT
Current and Proposed Employment Characteristics
Table 7: CURRENT AT -PLACE EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS: LITTLE HAITI PDA
Estimated
Employment
Occupied Yield Estimated
CURRENT ZONING User Example Space (SF) (Jobs/SF) Employment
C-2: Liberal Automotiverepair,constructi
Commercial oncompanyoffice/equipmen 9,500 800 12
tstorage,andwarehousing
I: industrial Dairy Processing/ 95,000 800 119
Distribution
I: Industrial Former Mobile Home Park 115,000 N/A N/A
Warehousing/ Food
I: Industrial Distribution, Auto -Related 28,000 800
Repair Services, Interior 35
Design Suppliers
R3: Multifamily Med Site Conditions To Be
Density Residential Verified
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance
Department; Costar; US Bureau of Economic Analysis; Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research
Associates, 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis
Project No. 16068 Page 43
ERA
Table 8: ANTICIPATED AT -PLACE ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
LITTLE HAITI PDA
PROPOSED TRANSECT
ZONING
C2 to D1: Specialized
Industrial
I to D2: Heavy Industrial
I to T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
f to T4 L: Urban General
Residential
User Example
Occupied
Space (SF)
Est.
Employment
Yield (Jobs/SF)
Estimated
Employment
TRANSECT ZONING
ECONOMIC IMPACT
(Net Gain/Loss Jobs)
R3 to T5 R: Urban Center
Residential
Specialty craft -related businesses,.
custom cabinet work, home
remodeling services, decorative
ironwork
Dairy Processing/ Distribution
Apartment/ Condo Building
Ground Floor Neighborhood
Serving GAFO/F&B
Medium Density, Attainable
Townhouse Residential with
Surface Parking
Apartment/Condo Building
9,500 800
133,000 800
865,890 20,000
26,820 400
892,710
65,600 N/A
81,180 20,000
12
166
17
67
0
48
17
67
84
N/A
2
84
N/A
2
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department; Costar, US Bureau of Economic Analysis;
Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research Associates, 2006,
Economics
Man 21 Pr only Devetopnrenl Aced Analysis
Research Associates
PrujeLl Nu_ 1 G068
aye 44
ERA
DRAFT
Current and Anticipated Fiscal Characteristics
Table 9: CURRENT FISCAL CHARACTERISTICS: LITTLE HAITI PDA
Total
Annual
Illustrative Assessed Property
Square Feet Value (75% Tax
CURRENT ZONING User Example (Total FAR) Market Value) Revenues
Automotive repair,
C-2: Liberal construction company 10,000 $215,620 $1,720
Commercial office/equipment storage,
and warehousing
I: Industrial Dairy 100,000
Processing/Distribution $2,107,300 $16,8fi0
I: Industrial Former Mobile Home Park 115,000 $2,423,390 $19,390
Warehousing / Food
Distribution, Auto -Related
I: Industrial Repair Services, Interior 35,000 $737,550 $5,900
Design Suppliers
R3: Multifamily Med Site Conditions To Be
Density Residential Verified
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance
Department; Costar; US Bureau of Economic Analysis; Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research
Associates, 2006.
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis
Pro}ect No 16068 Page 45
ERA
Table 10: ANTICIPATED FISCAL CHARACTERISTICS: LITTLE HAITI PDA
PROPOSED
TRANSECT ZONING
C2 to D1:
Specialized Industrial
I to D2: Heavy
Industrial
1 to T5 R: Urban
Center Residential
I to T4 L: Urban
General Residential
R3 to T5 R: Urban
Center Residential
User Example
Specialty craft -related
businesses, custom cabinet
work, home remodeling services,
decorative ironwork
Dairy Processing/Distribution
Apartment/Condo Building
Ground Floor Neighborhood
Serving GAFO/F&B
Medium Density, Attainable
Townhouse Residential with
Surface Parking
Apartment/Condo Building
Illustrative
Square Feet
(Total FAR)
10,000
140,000
Assessed Value
(75% Market Total Annual Property
Value) Tax Revenues
$430,190
$9,069,500
962,100 $62,326,720
29,800 $1,930,500
991,900 $64,257,220
65,600 $4,249,700
90,200
$5,843,330
$3,440
$72,550
$498, 580
$15,440
$514,020
$34,000
$46,740
TRANSECT ZONING
FISCAL IMPACT (Net
Gain/Loss Property Tax
Revenues)
$1,720
$55,690
$479,190
$15,440
$494,630
$28,100
TBD
Source: Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department; Costar; US Bureau of Economic Analysis;
Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research Associates, 2006
Economics Research Associates
Miami 21 Priority Development Area Analysis Project No. 16068
Page 46
ERA
DRAFT
Summary of Economic & Fiscal Findings
ERA's findings imply that the proposed Transect Plan does not necessarily represent a
wholesale change in land use, job creation, or property tax revenue generation, with the
exception of those areas with potential for significant land assemblage (15 acres or more),
or a substantial increase in density or intensification of land use.
Notably, the commercial components of the proposed Transect Plan offers the potential to
both improve and diversify the tax base within the PDA areas, an assertion that recognizes
the City of Miami's historic reliance on residential real property taxes as the primary
source of General Fund income.
In conclusion, the Transect Plan provides the opportunity for transitioning density to
appropriate locations, corridors, or nodes, while retaining the supply of light/heavy
industrial uses to provide the City with much needed capacity to serve users of those
building types, thereby supporting the regional import/export and light manufacturing
economy as a whole.
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,DRAFT
Implementation Recommendations
The implementation recommendations for the Wynwood PDA fall into two categories.
The first is the operational and tactical requirements — staffing, funding, new marketing
approaches, partnerships, and short-term and longer -term actions. The second is the
funding programs, incentives and tools and sources of support available to accelerate and
leverage private investment. If the jobs -based economic development strategy outlined in
this report are to be implemented, it is ERA's opinion that the City of Miami will need to
make a considerably greater commitment of staff, funding and investment of political
capital into a comprehensive economic development program than has been the case in
recent years. This will mean increased budget, increased capacity and numbers of staff
dedicated to economic development, and the commitment of a range of financial and
policy tools and incentives. The first part of this section describes the operational and
tactical components. The second section summarizes financial and policy tools and
incentives that are currently, or could be made available in the PDA's to generate private
investment, potentially ahead of the presumed market.
In ERA's experience in other cities, redevelopment areas need some, if not all of the
following:
1 A Plan for Growth and Allowed Uses -- This will result from Miami 21, in
cooperation with owners and activists in Wynwood, and should be incorporate a
consensus -building program to align interests and commitments to the Miami 21
recommendations. The issue will be whether property owner expectations for re-
zoning will compromise the industrial focus of the plan in the near term.
2. Staff to Coordinate Marketing Outreach and Funding Incentives — The current
staff levels in the Economic Development Department are, in ERA's view,
insufficient to demonstrate to prospective industrial tenants and developers that the
City has made a serious commitment to assisting in the redevelopment
management of the PDA. While the City's Television and Film Production office
will have a major role to play in Wynwood in conducting outreach to (and
coordination with) the media industry and the Florida Film Office to encourage
this near -term catalyst use, there are many other components of redevelopment that
will require time, experience and focused attention. These include coordination
between City departments, assistance with the review and approvals process,
development/cultivation of prospects from the targeted employment industries
described earlier in this report. ERA estimates that the staffing level of qualified
FTE's (full time equivalents) for the Economic Development Department should
be a minimum of five persons, considering the volume of work needed to
implement and administer/broker/coordinate the tools and incentives in multiple
parts of the city.
3. Policy Commitments to Support the Economic Development Strategy — Miami's
real estate development community is well -funded and well connected to develop
its projects. The job development and enhancement program is somewhat less
tangible/harder to measure, but unless there is a policy commitment to protect the
objectives of the jobs oriented programs, it is likely that the prioritization of real
Economics Research Associates
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ERA
DRAFT
estate as a primary development resource will displace economic development,
since the returns are more easily quantified and documented. The City's policies
should underpin the necessary actions to support economic development, and
provide a balance between real estate benefits and long-term job stability and
opportunities to improve pay scales through development of better skills.
4. Mechanisms for Site Control and Transfers — Other than condemnations/takings
(which ERA considers to be a site control mechanism of last resort), other tools
that can assemble (likely through purchase) and write -down property occupancy
and/or transfer costs as a vehicle to attract specialized industries. Discounted sales
or land lease agreements for publicly owned properties can provide a powerful
incentive for industrial recruitment in Wynwood. Given the opportunity for media
production as a new industry segment in the area, ERA strongly recommends that
the City negotiate an end to the International Trade Center legal dispute in order to
make the parcel available to a qualified developer to get the complex converted to
a production center as soon as possible.
5. Forming/Encouraging Partnerships with Public and Private Institutions for Skills
Training and Education— As targeted industries are identified, Economic
Development staff should have the knowledge and ability to develop contacts with
both institutional and corporate partners to establish and/or encourage skills
training programs. While the industrial sectors targeted for the two East Quadrant
PDA's have been identified to best meet near -term and mid-term opportunities, it
is clear to ERA that other industries (not targeted for Wynwood or Little Haiti
Industrial) will require more fundamental education and skills development
support to create a qualified workforce. As an example, Miami's competitive
position to attract the Biomedical and Biotechnology industry sector included in
ERA's research is hampered by the low level of average achieved education,
limited public and private incentives, and availability of venture capital for project
cost underwriting. ERA believes that it could take 7-10 years of concerted effort
and partnerships with institutions like the hospitals at the Civic Center and the
University of Miami to establish a new competitive platform. This does not mean
that Biomedical/biotech cannot be attracted to Miami, but rather that it may take
years of partnership efforts to increase the odds. There are also precedents for
industry -sponsored training programs that respond to all skill levels. A Miami -
based yacht builder has reportedly offered to create a privately sponsored training
program, both to bolster its own employee opportunities and to address needs in
Miami's maritime -related industries.
6. Multi year Budget Commitment to Economic Development — Paralleling the need
for more staff is the need for multi -year budget commitments for Economic
Development. in ERA's experience, building a comprehensive development
strategy can take several years of directed effort, and will involve developing and
cultivating relationships within the targeted industries for the program to work.
This will mean a multi -year commitment by the city to expand the breadth and
number of available staff and programs. While there are a number of local and
state programs which can be attracted for financial incentives, there must be a
commitment by the City to provide the ongoing staff to follow through.
Economics Research Associates
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ERA
DRAFT
Incentives
As the Little Haiti Industrial PDA is primarily focused on industrial sector development,
many of the incentive programs that would be developed for the area are traditional
economic development tools used to attract, sustain and expand industrial base jobs.
Although Little Haiti Industrial PDA is not an Enterprise Zone and is not eligible for all of
the advantages of that program, it may be eligible for the following incentives:
Qualified Target Industry Tax Refund (QTI): The Qualified Target Industry Tax
Refund incentive is available for companies that create high wage jobs in targeted
high value-added industries. This incentive includes refunds on corporate income,
sales, ad valorem, intangible personal property, insurance premium, and certain
other taxes. Pre -approved applicants who create jobs in Florida receive tax refunds
of $3,000 per net new Florida full-time equivalent job created. For businesses
paying 150 percent of the average annual wage, add $1,000 per job; for businesses
paying 200 percent of the average annual salary, add $2,000 per job. The local
community where the company locates contributes 20 percent of the total tax
refund. There is a cap of $5 million per single qualified applicant in all years, and
no more than 25 percent of the total refund approved may be taken in any single
fiscal year. New or expanding businesses in selected targeted industries or
corporate headquarters are eligible. Many of the manufacturing and processing
sectors ERA identified for near and mid-term sector opportunities in the Little
Haiti Industrial PDA are listed as eligible for the QTI.
Workforce Training Incentives
Workforce Florida, Inc. is Florida's private -public partnership for competitive workforce
incentives.
• Quick Response Training Incentives (QRT): Quick Response Training is a
customer -driven training program designed to assist new value-added businesses
and provide existing Florida businesses the necessary training for expansion. The
Florida Workforce Investment partners with local training providers (typically a
community college, area technical center or university) to assist with application
and program development or delivery. if the company has a training program, a
state training provider will manage the training program and serve as the fiscal
agent for the grant funds. Reimbursable training expenses include:
instructors'/trainers' salaries, curriculum development, textbooks/manuals, and
materials/supplies. This program is customized, flexible and responsive to
individual company needs.
• Incumbent Worker Training Program (IWT): Incumbent Worker Training is a
program that provides training to currently employed workers to keep Florida's
workforce competitive and to retain existing businesses. The program is available
to all Florida businesses that have been in operation for at least one year prior to
application and require training for existing employees.
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068 so
ERA
DRAFT
Additional Tools
In order to improve the Little Haiti Industrial PDA's chances for success, additional
financial incentives may need to be offered. Special below -market financing may be
possible, using industrial revenue bonds, New Markets Tax Credits, and the Federal Home
Loan Bank EDGE program to write down interest rates. As funds for incentives are
limited, assistance should be offered to those businesses that meet specific hiring criteria or
projects that are of a scale that will maximize the leveraged use of public funds.
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti industrial Priority development Area (RDA) Analysis Project 16068 51
ERA
APPENDICES: Supporting Tables
DRAFT
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti lndustriai Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068
D1 - SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
339100 Medical Equipment and Supplies
Manufacturing
Types of Businesses 1/
Top-5 Occupations 2/
Manufacture of dental equipment; laboratory
apparatus; opthalmic goods; surgical & medical
instruments
339900 Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
Manufacture of jewelry; sporting goods; dolls,
toys, & games; office supplies (except paper);
signs; candles; brooms, brushes, & mops;
musical instruments; etc.
1. Production
2. Office &Admin Support
3. Management
4. Transportation & Material Moving
5. Architecture & Engineering
1. Production
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Management
5. Sales
Avg Annual
Wage 3/
$35,500
$33,500
423200 Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant
Wholesalers
Distribution of carpets; china & glassware;
household furniture; household kitchen
utensils; linens & towels; office furniture; public
building furniture
423300 Lumber and Other Construction Materials
Merchant Wholesalers
Distribution of concrete & asphalt mixture;
brick or stone; doors & windows; fencing; glass;
lumber; mobile homes; plywood; roofing,
siding, & insulation; wood & metal millwork
423400 Professional and Commercial Equipment and
Supplies Merchant Wholesalers
423600 Electrical and Electronic Goods Merchant
Wholesalers
Distribution of balances & scales; commercial
cooking equipment; computers & software;
electrical signs; mailing machines; medical,
dental, hospital equipment; opthalmic goods;
photocopy machines; cameras; shelving
Distribution of electrical apparatus &
equipment; appliances; Tight fixtures;
household audio -video equipment; household
refridgerators & freezers; telecom equipment;
wiring supplies
423700 Hardware, and Plumbing and Heating Distribution of automotive air-conditioning;
Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers central air-conditioning; bolts, nuts, rivets, &
screws; handtools; hardware; knives; plumbing
& heating equipment
1. Office & Admin Support
2. Sales
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Production
5. Management
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Sales
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Production
5. Management
$38,000
$36, 900
1. Office & Admin Support
2. Sales
3. Computers & Mathematical
4. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
5. Management
1. Sales
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Management
5. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
1. Sales
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
5. Management
$47,200
$45,100
$39,300
D1 - SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
Types of Businesses 1/
424100 Paper and Paper Product Merchant Wholesalers Distribution of greeting cards; industrial service
paper; pens & pencils; printing & writing paper;
stationery
424200 Drugs and Druggists' Sundries Merchant
Wholesalers
Top-5 Occupations 21
Distribution of biological & medical products;
botanical herbs & drugs; pharmaceuticals;
vitamins
424300 Apparel, Piece Goods, and Notions Merchant Distribution of clothing; footwear; leather;
Wholesalers piece goods & notions
T. Office & Admin Support
2. Sales
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
5. Management
1. Sales
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Management
5. Healthcare Practitioners & Techs
Avg Annual
Wage 3/
$3 7, 000
$ 46, 600
424400 Grocery and Related Product Wholesalers
Distribution of canned food; confectioneries;
dairy; fish & seafood; fresh produce; frozen
foods; meat; pet food; poultry; soft drinks
424800 Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Distribution of ale; beer; distilled alcohol; malt
Merchant Wholesalers
493000 Warehousing and Storage
beverages; neutral spirits; wine
1. Office & Admin Support
2. Sales
3. Transportation & Material Moving $36,900
4. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
5. Management
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Sales
4. Production
5. Management
$33, 400
512110 Movie Production & Distribution
Businesses engaged in operating warehousing
and storage facilities for general merchandise,
refridgerated goods, farm products, and other
non -petroleum warehouse products
Businesses engaged in production and/or
distribution of motion pictures, videos,
television programs, or commercials. Also
includes post -production and related services.
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Sales
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Management
5. Arts, Entertainment, Sports, & Rec
$40,400
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Sales
4. Production
5. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
1. Arts, Entertainment, Sports, & Rec
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Management
4. Sates
5. Transportation & Material Moving
$27,700
$45,400
D1 - SPECIALIZED INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
512200 Sound Recording Industries
Types of Businesses 11
Businesses engaged in producing & distributing
musical recordings, publishing musk, providing
sound recording, etc.
515100 Radio and Television Broadcasting
Businesses engaged in operating broadcasting
studios or facilities for over -the -air or satellite
delivery of radio and tv programs
811400 Personal and Household Goods Repair and
Maintenance
Notes:
Businesses engaged in restoring personal &
household goods
Top-5 Occupations 2/
1. Arts, Entertainment, Sports, & Rec
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Management
4. Sales
5. Business & Financial Operations
Avg Annual
Wage 3/
$46,100
1. Arts, Entertainment, Sports, & Rec
2. Sales
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Management
5. Computers & Mathematical
$52,700
1. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
2. Production
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Sales
5. Transportation & Material Moving
$30,700
1/ Industry sector descriptions from "Guide to Industry & Foreign Trade Classifications for International Surveys, 2002," U5 Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
2/ Top-5 occupations based on national -level employment characteristics from US Department of labor,. Bureau of Labor Statistics
3/Average annual wage based on weighted average occupational wage data from Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation for Miami -Dade County. Occupational wages are weighted by
share of occupational employment within an industry sector.
Source: U5 Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis; U5 Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Florida -Agency for Workforce Innovation; Economics Research
Associates, 20006
D2 - HEAVY INDUSTRIAL
NAICS ID
Types of Businesses 1/
312000 Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing Manufacture and bottling of beer, ale, & malt
liquor; distilled & blended liquors; ice; purified
& bottled water; soft drinks; wines & brandies
Industry Sector Description
327000 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing Manufacture of clay products; glass products;
cement & concrete products; lime & gypsum
products; other nonmetallic mineral products
424600 Chemical and Allied Products Merchant
Wholesalers
Top-5 Occupations 2/
1. Production
2. Transportation & Material Moving
3. Sales
4. Office & Admin Support
5. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
1. Production
2. Transportation & Material Moving
3. Office & Admin Support
4. installation, Maintenance, & Repair
5. Construction & Extraction
Avg Annual
Wage 3/
$32,700
$32,700
Distribution of acids; dyestuffs; explosives;
industrial chemicals; plastic materials; plastic
films & sheets
424800 Beer, Wine, and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Distribution of ale; beer; distilled alcohol; malt
Merchant Wholesalers beverages; neutral spirits; wine
493000 Warehousing and Storage
Notes:
1. Sales
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Production
5. Management
$41,600
Businesses engaged in operating warehousing
and storage facilities for general merchandise,
refridgerated goods, farm products, and other
non -petroleum warehouse products
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Sales
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Management
5. Arts, Entertainment, Sports, & Rec
$40,400
1. Transportation & Material Moving
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Sales
4. Production
5. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
$27,700
1/ Industry sector descriptions from "Guide to Industry & Foreign Trade Classifications for International Surveys, 2002," US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
2/ Top-5 occupations based on national -level employment characteristics from U5 Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics
3/ Average annual wage based on weighted average occupational wage data from Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation for Miami -Dade County. Occupational wages are weighted by
share of occupational employment within an industry sector.
Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis; US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation; Economics Research
Associates, 20006
T5-R - URBAN CENTER RESIDENTIAL
NAICS ID Industry Sector Description
323000 Printing and Related Support Activities
Types of Businesses 1/
Top-5 Occupations 2/
Avg Annual
Wage 3/
Printing of books; business forms; digital
images; greeting cards; newspapers;
periodicals; etc.
339900 Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
Manufacture of jewelry; sporting goods; dolls,
toys, & games; office supplies (except paper);
signs; candies; brooms, brushes, & mops;
musical instruments; etc.
1. Production
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving $33,500
4. Sales
5. Management
1. Production
2. Office & Admin Support
3. Transportation & Material Moving S33,500
4. Management
5. Sales
423200 Furniture and Home Furnishing Merchant
Wholesalers
Distribution of carpets; china & glassware;
household furniture; household kitchen
utensils; linens & towels; office furniture; public
building furniture
811400 Personal and Household Goods Repair and Businesses engaged in restoring personal &
Maintenance household goods
Notes:
1. Office & Admin Support
2. Sales
3. Transportation & Material Moving
4. Production
5. Management
$38,000
1. Installation, Maintenance, & Repair
2. Production
3. Office & Admin Support
4. Sales
5. Transportation & Material Moving
$30,700
1/ Industry sector descriptions from "Guide to -Industry & Foreign Trad-e Classifications for International Surveys, 2002,"US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis
2/ Top-5 occupations based on national -level employment characteristics from US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics
3/ Average annual wage based on weighted average occupational wage data from Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation for Miami -Dade County. Occupational wages are weighted by
share of occupational employment within an industry sector,
Source: US Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U5 Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Florida Agency for Workforce Innovation; Economics Research
Associates, 20006
ERA
AFT
SUMMARY OF FISAL & ECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONS
Real Property Tax
City of Miami Millage Rate
Assessed Value Equalization Rate
Rate Value Basis Per
7.9995 1,000
75% Market Value
State and Local Sales Tax Rate Value Basis Per
Honda State and Local Taxes 7.0% Gross Sales
City of Miami Sales Tax Revenue Sharing Rate Value Basis Per
General Fund Uses 0.5%
Transportation Uses 0.5%
1.0% Gross Sales
High -Yield Square Feet/
Employment Generation Factors Low -Yield Square Feet/Job Job FTE ASSUMPTION/2
Industrial 800 500 1
Retail 450 400 1
Office/Office Flex 400 250 1
Multifamily Residential (Management) 20,000 20,000 0 4
Square Feet Per Acre
43,560
1/ Miflage rate reflected proposed reduction of one-half and from 8 4995 to 7.995 per City of Miami
2/ FTE assumption based on Full -Time Equivalent employment factor equal to 2,080 work hours per year per employee, or a
40 hour work week.
Source. Duany Plater-Zyberck; City of Miami Department of Economic Development; City of Miami Finance Department,
Costar; US Bureau of Economic Analysis; Marshall & Swift Cost Estimators; Economics Research Associates, 2006
Economics Research Associates
Little Haiti Industrial Priority Development Area (PDA) Analysis Project 16068