HomeMy WebLinkAboutAppeal LetterThe Honorable Manuel Diaz
Mayor
Hearing Board Division
Historic and Environmental Protection Board
City of Miami, Florida
444 S.W. 2d Avenue
7th Floor
Miami, Florida
October 20, 2005
The Honorable Members of the
City Commission, City of Miami
Seriterfitt
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
Re: Request For Review: Miami Historic and Environmental Preservation
Board, Designation of Coconut Grove Playhouse and surrounding
property October 5, 2005.
Dear Mayor Diaz and Commissioners:
We represent Coconut Grove L.L.C. and with respect to this appeal, pursuant to Section
23-4 of the City Code, of the historic designation of the Coconut Grove Playhouse (the
"Playhouse") and surrounding non -historic property. The historic designation on
appeal was heard by the City of Miami Historic and Environmental Protection Board
(the "Board") on October 5, 2005. This letter shall serve as Coconut Grove L.L.C.'s
Notice of Appeal and formal request for review of the October 5, 2005, Board decision
pursuant to Section 23-4(b)(5) of the City of Miami Code. A $500 filing fee and a $399
notice fee are enclosed. Please notify us of any additional fees.
For your convenience the pertinent portions of the record are attached. Attachment 1 is
the transcript of the October 5, 2005, hearing before the Historic and Environmental
Preservation Board. Attachment 2 is a copy of the Historic Designation Report
produced by the City. Attachment 3 is a compilation of the materials submitted to the
Board by the Playhouse, and contains the Playhouse's position paper, the Expert Report
of Mr. Marcus, the Playhouse's historic architecture and preservation consultant (Att. 3,
Ex. A), and the City's original notification of proposed historic designation (Att. 3, Ex.
B).
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 2
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
History of the Playhouse
As explained in the City's Designation Report (Att. 2) and in the expert report of Mr.
Marcus (Att. 3, Ex. A), the Playhouse has had a long and colorful history. Over the
course of this history, however, the several instances of rebuilding and incorporation of
disparate elements out of character with the original structure have moved the
Playhouse away from its original Mediterranean Revival architecture. This left the
exterior with a mishmash of styles and removed the historic integrity of the building's
design, materials and workmanship.
The Playhouse was first built in 1927, based on designs by architects Kiehnel & Eliot. It
was designed and operated as a movie palace, but was not financially successful. After
struggling for years it closed in 1930, and fell into a state of disrepair. The building
was substantially remodeled in 1955 to accommodate large stage productions. As part
of this remodeling the original interior was removed, as were extensive elements of the
original facade. The 1955 construction therefore destroyed many of the historic
elements of the Playhouse. Several original design elements of the Playhouse facade
have been lost in favor of modernist elements that are not true to the original 1927
design or its Mediterranean Revival architecture.
As noted in the Designation Report, the 1955 redesign removed several elements,
choosing to "abandon any sense of historicism..." in favor of contemporary design
elements. Designation Report, Att. 2 at 11. The sole remaining historic elements are the
south and east facades of the Playhouse.
Later in the 1970s two previously freestanding buildings were incorporated into the
Playhouse. These buildings were not part of the original Playhouse, do not exhibit
Mediterranean Revival style consistent with the original Playhouse, and are described
in the Designation Report as "incongruous" elements that are "out of character with the
original theater." Designation Report, Att. 2, at 14.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 3
The original property upon which the 1927 theater was built essentially included just
the area underlying that building. At a later point in time the property comprising the
present parking area and the buildings added in the 1970s were joined to the Playhouse
parcel. As noted by the City's own consultant on the record, these additional parcels
have no historic value and no historic connection to the 1927 Playhouse. They also,
again as found by the City's own consultant, are not consistent with the Mediterranean
Revival architecture of the original 1927 Playhouse (Designation Report, Att. 2, at 14.).
Their addition therefore further detracted from the integrity of design, materials and
workmanship needed to support a designation.
II. The Designation Report
The proposed historic designation of the Playhouse was based upon a historic
designation report prepared by Janus Research on behalf of the City, which argued that
the original design (i.e., the building elements from 1927) had historic significance. Att.
2. That report noted that certain aspects of the Playhouse facade continued to reflect the
original 1927 design, and used these aspects as a basis to recommend designation of the
original Playhouse structure.
However, the report itself notes that the substantial remodeling of the playhouse in
1955 introduced a number of "modernist" elements, out of character with the original
design, as the 1955 remodel chose to "abandon any sense of historicism." Att. 2 at 11.
The report further noted that certain buildings near the playhouse and later connected
to it were not part of the original structure, and were inconsistent with the historic
design. These were described by the report was "incongruous" elements that are "out
of character with the original theater." Id. at 14.
Thus, the City's own staff report noted that the Playhouse lacked the integrity of design
needed for designation. This is further evidenced by the expert report of Mr. Marcus,
who likewise notes that the sole remaining historic elements are portions of the south
and east facade of the playhouse, and that the remainder of the exterior the building has
lost its historic qualities and Mediterranean Revival elements. Att. 3, Ex. A.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 4
II. The Board Proceedings Below
Under section 230-4 of the City Code "integrity of design, setting, material
workmanship, feeling and association" is a threshold requirement for any historic
designation and one that is solely lacking in the Playhouse as it presently exists.
Despite this key deficiency, however, the Board chose to go forward with the
designation. And, as discussed below, it refused to consider proposals by the
Playhouse that would have limited the designation to just the remaining historic
elements, the only aspects over which there was even arguable jurisdiction.
Before reaching that issue, however, it is important to note an even more problematic
error. At the very beginning of the October 5th hearing, the City's consultant, Ms.
Uguccioni, noted a fundamental problem with the proposed designation: the legal
description in the historic designation report inadvertently included areas that were
never part of the original Playhouse site, including the parking lot and buildings that
were purchased in later decades and connected to the Playhouse, but had no historic
connection to the Playhouse.1
Ms. Uguccioni noted this error on the record at the outset and advised that it must be
corrected before proceeding on the designation:
In this particular case 1 wanted to point out to you that the legal
description includes the parking lot, which is directly north of the
Coconut Grove Playhouse. And I believe that after having thought about
it a great deal, is I cannot certainly justify any historic significance to a
parking lot. And in the beginning that parcel did not belong to the
Coconut Grove Theater. So l want to make that perfectly clear.
Tr, Att. 1 at 4 (emphasis added). The reason for this error was later explained in greater
detail to the Board:
' As noted below, this was not intentional and was due to an oversight that the City's consultant
tried mightily to correct at the hearing, with the Board refusing to take account of her correction
and suggested course of remedial action. (Le., correcting the legal description before
proceeding).
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 5
MS. UGUCCIONI: I certainly don't want to take anybody's time on this,
but as I reviewed it again I was concerned that I had not made the case
[for inclusion of the parking lot area]. And it's just a matter of course when
we do these designation reports to go to the assessor's record and copy
down the legal description. It wasn't until later that I understood the
implications as it concerns the Coconut Grove Theater. I am certainly
amongst you in wanting to have some participation in what could be
built on that parking lot, which is a substantial size lot, but I want you
to understand that it cannot be justified from a historical point of view.
And if we stay within the parameters, as I understand them, of our
historic preservation ordinance, then I don't think we can justify it.
MS. SOLERA: Okay, then I have a question for you. Obviously they
owned the footprint, but you must have had something around the
footprint.
MS. UGUCCIONI: Right.
MS. SOLERA: How much of it was part of the original playhouse?
MS. UGUCCIONI: I think we're gonna have to have almost a surveyor go
out and look at it, quite honestly. I went back to the Sanborn maps this
morning and looked at -- at the historic footprint and it is about what
appeared to be maybe ten inches away from the property line...
Id. at 42. Wanting desperately to include the parking lot area —which again was not
associated with the original theater -- several board members continued to press Ms.
Uguccioni for a basis to designate the entire property. Her response was to again, and
again, and again, to confirm that this would be improper and would have no basis in
the history of the Playhouse, the evidence, or the City Code requirements for
designation:
• "Well, may I just say for the record that that parking lot -- I'm terribly
sorry -- that parking lot was never historically associated with the
building when it was built in 1926. So in terms of just finding its
association, it's really just a matter of circumstance that it -- at some later
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 6
date the property was purchased by the Coconut Grove Playhouse." Tr.
Att. 1, at 40-41
• "If you look at all of the original newspaper clippings and the historical
photographs, you will see that the building is very self-contained. It has --
self-contained. It has wings on Charles and it has a wing on Main, which
is a little bit shorter than that which is on Charles. Next to it there was a
blank space. And then there was the building that's been described as
1910, but my records show 1925. The two-story building. It did not have
a parking lot next to it at that time. It -- the parking in 1926, we didn't have
off street parking requirements and so forth for commercial buildings, ...,
and people didn't have, I guess, that many private automobiles, so -- so
the point is that the context for this theater as either a performing arts
theater or as a movie house, which it was originally, does not depend on
that -- that surface parking lot to give it its history...." Tr at 61-62.
• "It [the parking lot] is not part of its [the Playhouse's historical context
and, therefore, should not, in my opinion, be included. And I would
suggest to you that there probably would need to be a new legal
description presented to you if you, in fact, bought this line of reasoning."
Tr. at 62.
Thus, at the outset the Board was told they were proceeding on a fatally flawed legal
description that included non -historic property due to a simple clerical error. They
were then asked on the record nearly a half -dozen times by Ms. Uggonici, the City's
own consultant, and by the Playhouse to step back and correct this problem. Tr., Att. 1,
at 28, 40-42, 49-50, 53, 66. But even that, not to mention the City attorney's
admonishment that an incorrect legal description would result in a "flawed
designation" (Tr. at 57) did not deter the Board from pushing forward, the stated errors
in its exercise of jurisdiction notwithstanding.
The clear solution to the problem was also presented, by Ms. Uggonici, the Playhouse's
representative, Judge Chavies, and the City attorney: The Board could and should
have deferred until a proper legal description was put before it. They would have
none of that, however, as they were determined to make a designation decision that
day, right or (as proved the case) wrong.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 7
The Board therefore refused to allow correction of the undisputed defects in the
designation report, or to take account of the lack of evidentiary support for its decision.
The apparent reason: that the Board wanted to reserve powers over all aspects of the
Playhouse site, -- not just the Playhouse building -- no matter how far removed from the
mission of historic preservation. Indeed, the Chair himself made clear on the record
that he intended to exercise what can only be described as plenary planning and zoning
powers over all of the real property, historic or not:
[T]his is probably the most important development parcel [the non -
historic property, including the parking lot]. -- if you call it a
development parcel -- historic parcel [the original Playhouse] and
development parcel.
You can talk to any of the restaurateurs of -- on Commodore Plaza. They
all depend on a thriving playhouse to make the Grove be the destination
that it needs to be. And there's all -- there's many, many considerations to
this property. One thing, that I think it was Ron Nelson brought up, it
backs up to what his -- the Bahamian section of the Grove to my -- unless
I'm mistaken, the barbed wire on that parking lot is still there at the back
of that parking lot separating the playhouse from the Village West Island
District. So this parcel, when it is re -configured into whatever it's going
to -- you know, whatever plans are going to be -- eventuated on it, needs
to consider all of the neighbors. It needs to consider the commercial
aspects of it. It needs to consider what it presents to Main Highway... .
And, certainly, the transportation that's going to be developed in the
road, whether they have bus circulators or a trolley, certainly one of the
considerations is driving -- that is driving this playhouse site is there is --
it's one of the last remaining places that there can ever be any parking
provided for the central business district.
So all those things being said, rather than go fast, this board member is
inclined to go slowly with this to develop plans in stages that come back
before this board that get the buy -in from the community.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 8
Ex. 1 at 44-45 (emphasis added).
Thus, rather than addressing the requirements of the historic preservation ordinance
(Chapter 23 of the City Code) the Board was clearly intent on including as much
property as possible in its designation -- not to address historic preservation, but to later
rule over issues such as the design of the parking area, concerns of neighbors,
transportation plans, parking and perceived economic impacts on local businesses.
None of this is within the jurisdiction of the Board, and its use of such factors to justify
an expanded scope of designation only confirms that it seized upon the erroneous legal
description to include property over which it had no jurisdiction, for the purpose of the
later ruling on subject matter over which it likewise has no jurisdiction.
Later, when one Board member tried to note to the Chair that he was being sidetracked,
the Chair attempted to disclaim any attempt to act improperly, but could not help
again confirming the extra jurisdictional intentions behind the flawed decision below.
being a Groveite for many years and very concerned with the Bahamian
section of the Grove and being very con -- friends with most of the
restaurateurs on Commodore Plaza, that the solution on this historic
property that's eventually gonna evolve is gonna have -- you think you've
got a lot of public testimony this time around? There's gonna -- believe
me, the Grove can turn out in far greater numbers than this.
Again, the consideration was not whether the Playhouse met the requirements for
historic designation, whether the Playhouse had the required integrity of design,
workmanship, etc., or, if so, whether the legal description conformed to the original
Playhouse site. All those considerations were paid scant attention in favor of a
predetermined decision based on improper concerns over how the decision would be
perceived in the Grove, from a perspective more akin to planning and zoning than
historic preservation. To be sure, none of this had anything to do with the historic
status of the building or any other factor within the Board's jurisdiction.
While clearly the most glaring error, the use of the incorrect legal description was not
the only problem with the Board's decision. Additionally, the evidence presented failed
to demonstrate the requisite integrity of design, workmanship and materials needed to
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 9
support designation for the Playhouse. As noted, the City's designation report noted
that only a few historic elements remained. The Playhouse's expert, Mr. Marcus,
further testified that only the south and east facades continued to have historic value, a
point that was not disputed. Ex. 1 at 14. All that was said in response was that the
Board should designate the entire building to expand its jurisdiction. But in fact the
evidence showed that there was no historic value left in the remainder, and that the
modifications to the original building and addition of the "incongruous" and
previously separate structures further defined from its integrity of design.
The building as a whole, which is a mishmash of historic and "modernist" (Designation
Report, Att. 2 at 11) elements no longer has the integrity needed to support a
designation. For that reason the Playhouse offered to accept a designation of just the
historic elements, which was rejected by the Board. Having chosen to include the entire
structure, with its incoherent mix of styles, the Board disregarded the integrity
requirement of the Code.
Finally, it should be noted that the inclusion of non -historic, previously separate,
buildings (due in part to the incorrect legal description) led to further incongruity and
moved the decision even farther from the integrity requirement of the Code. Indeed,
the City's own report notes that these buildings lack any consistency with the
Playhouse and are "incongruous" elements. This was further confirmed by the City's
consultant on the record. Tr. 25-27,
ARGUMENT
1. Overview of Legal Requirements for Historic Designation and Review
by City Commission
Chapter 23 of the City Code controls the designation of historic structures. Several
requirements must be met for a site to qualify. As a threshold requirement a structure
must meet both of the following:
• "have significance in the historical, cultural, .... aesthetic or architectural heritage
of the city, state or nation;" and
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 10
■ "possess integrity of design, setting, material workmanship, feeling and
association;"
City Code § 23-4. The requirements of "integrity of design, setting, material
workmanship, feeling and association" is thus a threshold requirement for any historic
designation.
The Code goes on to specify eight additional factors, only one of which must be met.
These include "Portray the environment in an era characterized by one or more
distinctive architectural styles," and "embody the distinguishing characteristics of an
architectural style or period." City Code §§ 23-4(a)(4) and (a)(5).
II. The Board Acted On A Designation Report That The City's Own
Consultant Indicated Was Erroneous.
A. The Board adopted a resolution based on a legal description that the City's
own consultant stated was erroneous and included property that was
never intended to be designated and had no historic connection to the 1927
theater.
As noted above, the undisputed evidence at hearing, and the presentations by both the
City's staff and the Playhouse demonstrated that the legal description upon which the
Board proceeded was incorrect, that it included parking areas and buildings that had no
historic connection to the 1927 theater and no basis for inclusion in the designation. The
record further shows that this was the result of a simple oversight and never intended
by the City staff or consultant to be the legal description presented.
Section 23-4 of the City Code requires a historic designation to meet a number of
specified criteria. The evidence presented showed that none of these requirements were
met by the parking lot area and buildings that were included in the designation due to
an over -inclusive and incorrect legal description. None of this additional area was part
of the original 1927.Playhouse site and none had any connection to the Playhouse as
originally built. Thus, there was no legal or factual basis for use of this overly broad
legal description. The City Attorney quite correctly pointed out below that proceeding
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 11
under this legal description would create a historic designation that is "flawed" and
subject to reversal by the City Commission. Tr. at 59.
B. The Board should have allowed the presentation of a corrected designation
report, but disregarding the advice of its consultant and the City Attorney
and chose to proceed for improper reasons.
Given the erroneous and over -inclusive legal description, the Board was urged to defer
hearing the matter to allow the problem to be corrected. This was stated on the record
by Playhouse representative Judge Chavies, who called the Board's attention to the fact
that it could not properly proceed on a mistaken legal description and urged the Board
to pay at least some semblance of attention to proper procedure:
I think procedures -- procedures are important, and we should do the
right thing. And I think the right thing is to designate that which has
historical significance. And that's the building. It's not the parking lot.
And we have heard the report from Janus themselves who say that it was
a mistake, that it shouldn't have been in there and that it does not have
that historical significance to be considered today. And if there's any
question, at the very least, we just ask to defer on it, that portion of it.
Tr. Att. 1 at 53. While recognizing that, as the applicant, the Board could defer the
matter and fix its errors (Tr., Att. 1, at 63), the Board decided to proceed out of what can
only be described as a stated desire to seize upon the incorrect, over -inclusive legal
description to gain board authority over the larger area, historic or not. In so doing, the
Board again disregarded the advice of its consultant, who supported the view that
deferral was required to correct the legal description:
MS. UGUCCIONI: It's [the non -historic area] not part of its [historic] context
and, therefore, should not, in my opinion, be included. And 1 would suggest to
you that there probably would need to be a new legal description presented to
you if you, in fact, bought this line of reasoning.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 12
Tr., Att. 1, at 62 (emphasis added). Having gone forward knowing it was acting in error
the Board created a "flawed designation," as the City attorney present at the hearing
warned, only to have her advice disregarded. Tr., Att. 1, at 57.
III. The historic designation of the Playhouse failed to meet the
requirements for historic designation and lacked competent substantial
evidence.
A. The Board's decision to include the parking area and the additional
structures did not comply with the standards for historic designation and
was not based on competent substantial evidence.
As noted, all the record evidence indicated that the parking area and the previously
separate buildings connected to the Playhouse had no historic connection to the 1927
theater. There structures share none of its architecture. And the parking lot, obviously
is not a structure at all, and therefore cannot possibly have historic significance. This is
especially true given the undisputed evidence that the present parking area had no
historic connection to the original theater.
All of this was carefully set out in the Playhouse's written submission and oral
presentation, and confirmed by the report of the City's own consultant, who stated
repeatedly that the parking area had no connection to the original theater, and in her
report described the additional buildings as, in addition to having no historic
connection to the theater, being "incongruous" elements that are "out of character with
the original theater." In other words, all of these additions detracted from the integrity
required under section 23-4 as a threshold for historic designation.
Not a shred of competent substantial evidence supports the conclusion that these
additional areas have any historic connection to the theater, and indeed every expert
who touched on the subject reached the opposite conclusion. Thus, in addition to
proceeding on a designation report that was admitted to contain a fatal error, the
Board's decision to include this additional area confirms that its decision was arbitrary
and capricious and not in any way based on competent evidence or the application of
the requirements of the City Code.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 13
B. The Playhouse lacks the architectural integrity that is a threshold
requirement for any historic designation.
Under the designation report the stated basis for designation is the architectural style of
the original Playhouse, that is the Playhouse as it existed in 1927. The report focuses on
the numbered factors in section 23-4 of the code, which it applies to the surviving
Mediterranean Revival elements of the south and east Playhouse facade. However, this
ignores the incongruity caused by the series of modifications to the Playhouse described
above.
The Board failed to take account of this, and in so doing also failed to properly apply
the threshold requirements of in section 23-4 of the City Code. This requires that a
designation be applied only to a structure that "posess[es] integrity of design, setting,
material workmanship, feeling and association ..." The Playhouse -- as it presently
exists -- fails to meet this requirement, as only certain surviving elements (namely
elements of the south and east facade) continue to embody the original design upon
which the proposed designation is based. The remainder of the facade and other
attached elements introduce inconsistent modernist elements, lack historic character,
and detract from integrity of design. See Designation Report, Att. 2, at 11-14; Att. 3.
Even were the Playhouse to meet the requirements for historic designation (which it
does not), only certain aspects of the Playhouse have historic significance, as explained
by Playhouse expert, Mr. Marcus: "It did say in the staff report that the south and east
facades were the only portions of the building of architectural significance and we do
agree with that." Tr., Att. 1, at 14. Thus, even were designation proper in the first
instance, any designation order should have been limited to those surviving historic
aspects. There was simply no competent substantial evidence to include other, non
historic elements.
The simple fact is that this requisite "integrity" is not present and thus the Playhouse
fails to meet the legal requirements for historic designation. Nothing in the record
supports a contrary conclusion. The Board's decision to designate the Playhouse was
therefore arbitrary and capricious, failed to follow the requirements of law, and was
contrary to the competent substantial evidence of record.
City Commission
October 20, 2005
Page 14
Very truly yours,
Michael B. Chavies
Akerman Senterfitt
One Southeast Third Avenue
28th Floor
Miami, FL 33131-1714
Gabriel E. Nieto, P.A.
Squire, Sanders & Dempsey L.L.P.
200 South Biscayne Blvd.
40th Floor
Miami, FL 33131-2398
cc: Kathleen Kaufman, City of Miami Preservation Officer
M 1A2001 416956v1