HomeMy WebLinkAboutlegislationJ-03-772
9/11/03
ORDINANCE NO.
AN ORDINANCE OF THE MIAMI CITY COMMISSION,
AMENDING CHAPTER 54 OF THE CODE OF THE CITY
OF MIAMI, FLORIDA, AS AMENDED, ENTITLED
"STREETS AND SIDEWALKS" TO ESTABLISH
REASONABLE TIME, PLACE AND MANNER REGULATIONS
CONCERNING MATERIALS AND OBJECTS THAT MAY BE
POSSESSED, CARRIED OR USED BY THOSE
PARTICIPATING IN PARADES AND DEMONSTRATIONS,
AND PROVIDING FOR SUNSET OF SAID REGULATIONS
AT MIDNIGHT ON THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2003;
MORE PARTICULARLY BY ADDING NEW
SECTION 54-6.1 TO SAID CODE; CONTAINING A
REPEALER PROVISION, A SEVERABILITY CLAUSE,
AND PROVIDING FOR AN IMMEDIATE EFFECTIVE
DATE.
WHEREAS, the City's current parade regulations, which govern
parades, demonstrations, rallies and assemblies, were enacted
more than twenty years ago; and
WHEREAS, the statutory and judicial laws governing parades,
demonstrations, rallies and assemblies have developed and are
significantly different than law as it existed at the time of
enactment; and
WHEREAS, current technology, communication and materials
available have altered the manner in which such events occur, and
the nature and level of the activity of those participating in
such events have changed significantly since the enactment of the
-----current regulationsLanc
WHEREAS, in recent years, civil unrest and disturbance have
occurred at events in many cities, accompanied in some instances
by significant personal injuries and property damage, including
injuries and damage caused by the use of various weapons and
projectiles including some or all of those items specified in
Section 2 of this Ordinance; and
WHEREAS, courts have recognized the right of jurisdictions
to enact reasonable time, place and manner restrictions related
to parades, demonstrations, rallies and assemblies while not
restricting the First Amendment rights of groups and individuals
wishing to express their views by such demonstrations, rallies
and assemblies; and
WHEREAS, the regulations of the City of Los Angeles
restricting the size, nature and shape of signhandles were
recently upheld by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal. See:
Vlasak v. Superior Court, 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 9230. See also:
Edwards v. City of Coeur D'Alene, 262 F.3rd 856 (9th Cir. 2001);
Foti v. City of Menlo Park, 146 F.3d 629 (9th Cir. 1998) ; and
WHEREAS, the City of Miami wishes to ensure the safety and
security of those viewing, attending, or participating in parades
and assemblies, the residents and businesses, and the public
officials and employees responsible for handling or overseeing
such events on public property in the City of Miami to reduce or
avoid the possibility of personal injury and property damage; and
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WHEREAS, the City of Miami recognizes the First Amendment
rights of those wishing to express their views, both individually
and collectively, on issues addressed at or in future parades,
protests, demonstrations, rallies; and
WHEREAS, based on information obtained by the City of Miami,
it appears that potential exists for civil disturbance and unrest
during certain upcoming events and it is appropriate for the City
Commission to timely enact regulations to be in effect relating
to such events to ensure the safety and well-being of individuals
and property, while ensuring the First Amendment rights of those
wishing to associate and to express their views, both
individually and collectively; and
WHEREAS, it is the purpose and intent of the City of Miami,
in enacting the regulations set forth in Section 2 of this
Ordinance, to establish reasonable time, place and manner
restrictions for parades and assemblies to ensure the safety and
well-being of individuals and property, while at the same time
ensuring the First Amendment rights of those wishing to associate
and to express their views, both individually and collectively;
and
WHEREAS, in enacting these regulations, the City is
cognizant of recent court decisions that authorize the enactment
of reasonable time, place and manner restrictions, and the City
is also cognizant of its obligation not to improperly restrict
the First Amendment rights of individuals and groups wishing to
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associate and to express their First Amendment views on any and
all issues, and to do so in a robust, vigorous manner; and
WHEREAS, the regulations in Section 2 of this Ordinance
restrict only the types of materials that those participating in
parades, demonstrations, rallies and assemblies may have in their
possession, and do not interfere with their rights of association
and expression; and
WHEREAS, the materials restricted or prohibited by Section 2
of this Ordinance have the potential to be used as weapons and to
inflict personal and property damage, or to provide protection by
preventing permitted law enforcement controls related to those
participating in the use of such weapons and the infliction of
personal and property damage, and the materials have been used
for this purpose in events in other jurisdictions; and
WHEREAS, no First Amendment right exists to permit personal
and property damage through use of these materials, and it is
therefore, reasonable and appropriate to restrict possession of
such materials as a prophylactic, reasonable time, place and
manner regulation; and
WHEREAS, the City Commission has determined, that in the
best interests of the citizens of the City of Miami, such
regulations should sunset at Midnight on Thursday, November 27,
2003;
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NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COMMISSION OF THE CITY
OF MIAMI, FLORIDA:
Section 1. The recitals and findings contained in the
Preamble to this Ordinance are adopted by reference and
incorporated as if fully set forth in this Section.
Section 2. Chapter 54 of the Code of the City of Miami,
Florida, as amended, entitled "Streets and Sidewalks" is amended
in the following particulars:I
"CHAPTER 54
STREETS AND SIDEWALKS
ARTICLE I. IN GENERAL
*
Sec. 54-6.1. Parade and Assembly Prohibitions.
(a) Definitions.
The term "parade" shall mean any march, demonstration,
procession, motorcade, or promenade consisting of persons,
animals, or vehicles, or a combination thereof, having a
common purpose, design, destination, or goal; upon any
public place, which parade, march, demonstration,
procession, motorcade, or promenade does not comply with
normal and usual traffic regulations or control.
The term "assembly" shall mean any meeting,
demonstration, picket line, rally, gathering, or group of
three (3) or more persons, animals, or vehicles, or a
combination thereof, having a common purpose, design, or
goal, upon any public street, sidewalk, alley, park, or
other public place, which assembly substantially inhibits
the usual flow of pedestrian or vehicular travel or which
Words and/or figures stricken through shall be deleted.
Underscored words and/or figures shall be added. The remaining
provisions are now in effect and remain unchanged. Asterisks
indicate omitted and unchanged material.
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occupies any public area, other than a parade, as defined
above.
(b) The following prohibitions shall apply to all
parades and demonstrations:
(1) It shall be unlawful for any person at any
parade or demonstration to carry or possess
any weapon, as defined below. For purposes of
this chapter, and notwithstanding any other
provision of this code, "weapon" means any
pistol, rifle, shotgun or other firearm of
any kind, whether loaded or unloaded, air
rifle, air pistol, paintball gun, paintball
'rifle, explosive, blasting cap (s) , knife,
hatchet, ax, slingshot, slun2shot, blackjack,
metal knuckles, mace, iron buckle, baseball
bat, ax handle, chains, crowbar, hammer,
shovel, stick, pole or other club or bludgeon
or any other instrumentality customarily used
or intended for probable use as a dangerous
weapon.
2. ' It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess any sign, poster, plaque or notice
unless such sign poster plaque, or notice is
constructed solely of a cloth, paper or
cardboard material no greater than one -
quarter inch in thickness.
3. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess any length of lumber, wood or wood
lath unless it is one-fourth inch or less in
thickness and two inches or less in width or
if not generally rectangular in shape, such
object shall not exceed three-quarters inch
in its thickest dimension. Both ends of the
length of lumber, wood or wood lath shall be
blunt and shall not be pointed.
4. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess any length of metal, plastic or of
her similar hard of stiff material, whether
hollow or solid; provided that hollow plastic
does not exceed three-quarter (3/4") inch in
t thickest dimersi on, " d -
eighth inch (1/8") in wall thickness and is
not filled with any material, liquid, gas or
solid, may be used to support a sign, banner,
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placard or other similar display;
both ends of the length of plastic
shall be blunt, and not pointed.
5. It shall be unlawful for any person
or possess glass bottles, glass jars
containers of any kind.
however,
material
to carry
or glass
6. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess balloons filled with any material
or substance other than air, oxygen or
helium. Prohibited materials and substances
include, but are not limited to, water,
paint, or any other liquid, solid, or other
gas.
7. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess solid golf balls, ball bearings,
marbles, paint balls or other solid shapes
made of rubber, plastic, metal, wood or any
other similar hard substance, including
batteries; provided that nothing is intended
to prohibit the possession of bicycles,
wheelchairs and other similar devices that
include ball bearings or other as part of
their structure; and, provided further, that
nothing is intended to prohibit the
possession of electronic, electrical or other
devices that are battery -operated. The
purpose of this subsection is to prohibit the
possession of materials or devices that can
be thrown or projected and can or may cause,
or have the potential for causing,
significant personal or property damage.
8. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess bricks, stones, rocks, pieces of
asphalt or concrete or pieces of other
similar hard materials or substances that are
capable of being thrown or projected.
9. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess spray paint cans.
10. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
ar_ossess anyrojecilauncher__ o.
device which is commonly used for the purpose
of launching, hurling or throwing any object,
liquid, material or other substance,
including, but not limited to, supersoakers
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and watercannons. Nothing in this subsection
is intended to prohibit or restrict those
participating in parades, demonstrations,
rallies or assemblies from possessing
sufficient amount of water or other liquids
designed and intended for human consumption
during such events.
11. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry,
possess or wear any gas mask or similar
device designed to filter all air breathed
and that would protect the respiratory tract
and face against irritating, noxious or
poisonous gases.
12. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry,
possess or wear a bulletproof vest as that
term is defined in Sec. 775.0846 Fla. Stat.
(2003), or other improvised body armor.
Improvised body armor is gear or attire worn
for the purpose of enabling the wearer to
engage or attempt to engage in unlawful
activity.
13. It shall be unlawful for any person to carry
or possess any Sleeping Dragon Device, with
the intent to use the device to deny or
obstruct the public's ability to freely move
about on roadways, sidewalks, or into or out
of buildings. For purposes of this
subsection, a Sleeping Dragon Device shall
mean a section of pipe, or a container,
filled with weighted material, handcuffs,
chains, carabiners or other locking devices
utilized for the purpose of locking a person
or persons to another person or persons or
other objects.
Nothing in this section shall prohibit a disabled
person from carrying, possessing or using a wheelchair,
cane, walker, or similar device necessary for providing
mobility so that the person may participate in a
parade.
Nothing in this section is intended to authorize
t ssessia or u_s_e_-__a _ ap.ona, or devices
that are otherwise prohibited by any other local, state
or federal ordinance, statute or regulation. The
purpose of this section is to prohibit the carrying or
possession of items and materials that have the
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potential to be used as weapons to cause physical or
personal damage, and whose possession might not
otherwise be prohibited by local, state or federal law.
*
*
Section 3. All ordinances or parts of ordinances insofar
as they are inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of
this Ordinance are repealed.
Section 4. If any section, part of section, paragraph,
clause, phrase or word of this Ordinance is declared invalid, the
remaining provisions of this Ordinance shall not be affected.
Section S. The provisions of this Ordinance shall sunset
at Midnight on Thursday, November 27, 2003.
Section 6. This Ordinance shall become effective
IMMEDIATELY after final reading and adoption thereof.?
PASSED ON FIRST READING BY TITLE ONLY this day of
, 2003.
V This Ordinance shall become effective as specified herein unless
vetoed by the Mayor within ten da s from the date it was assed
an a op e t e Mayor vetoes t is Or finance, t s al become
effective immediately upon override of the veto by the City
Commission or upon the effective date stated herein, whichever is
later.
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PASSED AND ADOPTED ON SECOND AND FINAL READING BY TITLE ONLY
this day of , 2003.
MANUEL A. DIAZ, MAYOR
ATTEST:
PRISCILLA A. THOMPSON
CITY CLERK
APPROVED
ORM D CORRECTNESS:
VILARELLO
TY ATTORNEY
W1524:GKW:et:BSS
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