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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem #08 - Discussion ItemPROPOSED CITY OF MIAMI NEIGHBORHOOD ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM The City of Miami is recommending the establishment of a new comprehensive approach to neighborhood economic development. This multi -faceted approach entails the; establishment of a Citywide Local Development Corporation,/ technical assistance. by the City of Miami Planning Department and the Department of Trade and Commerce Development and Community Based Economic Development Organizations within designated C.D. Target Areas to perform neighborhood outreach functions. This approach was based on local analysis and the recommendation of a nationally, recog- nized consultant in the field of economic development. Funding for this project will be from the 6th year City of Miami Community Development Block Grant. It is proposed that $250,000. will be utilized for the establishment of the Citywide Local Develop- ment Corporation and that C.D. Target Areas be permitted to allocate up to $50,000 of their 6th year target area allocation for the establishment of community based organizations (this will require the reallocation of funds from a previously recommended project). Certain operational aspects of this program are currently being formulated which will ensure Target Area representation on the policy board of the Citywide Local Development Corporation. 1) Citywide Local Development Corporation The Citywide Local Development Corporation would function as a quasi -public delegate agency under contract with the City of Miami through the Department of Trade and Commerce Development to provide: a) business development and loan packaging, b) technical and managerial assistance, and c) related neighborhood commercial revitalization activities in selected CD Target Areas. Basic functions of the cor- poration will be to identify and develop business opportu- nities, formulate an annual program plan based upon identified., opportunities, package business deals, provide technical assistance to businesses, work with merchants and neighborhood groups, and develop financial programs and mechanisms to support business development. In short, the corporation will be a flexible financing mechanism with a business develop- ment planning, packaging and technical assistancestaff capa- bility. The corporation will implement a financial assistance program designed to encourage business and economic devel- opment projects within the City of Miami by securing a greater utilization and coordination of existing financing programs (e.g. SBA 502 Loan Program, EDA direct loans and loan guarantees, SBA 301 (d) SBIC/MESBIC Program, etc.) as well by development innovative and creative financing techniques designed to generate a maximum degree of leverage with private sector resources. Community based organizations Will refer clients to the Cor- poration for services listed above. The Citywide Local Development Corporation will be a tool utilized to integrate business development efforts and will provide the basis for a meaningful partnership between the public and private sectors in support of citywide and neigh- borhood economic development activities. The principal function of the corporation is the facilitation of business development in the City through the provision of financial assistance to entrepreneurs. 2. The Department of Trade and Commerce Development The Department of Trade and Commerce Development will serve as the City's contracting agent for the Citywide Local Development Corporation and for community based organizations in designated CD target areas. Department of Trade and Com- merce Development will, act as the' City's primary business and economic development agent, with responsibility for economic development activities throughout /the City and the ability to coordinate development activities at various levels. 3. The Planning Department - Economic Planning Section Specific neighborhood commercial revitalization studies will be carried out by the Planning Department. Business Develop- ment Program Activities for which the Economic Planning Unit will hold responsibility include: conduct a detailed mar- ket study to determine the specific market area and the amount and type of commercial space which could be supported by available disposable income; assist Citywide Development Corporation in developing a Business Development Plan and implementation strategy, focusing on private reinvestment/ investment and joint development projects; conduct an en- vironment and design study of physical improvements projects, zoning districts and opportunity areas; produce an Economic Atlas for the City of Miami; formulate a comprehensive economic development strategy for the City. Provide techni- cal assistance to the Community based organizations which will be established in designated C.D. Target Areas. 4. Community Based Organizations The Community Based Organizations will coordinate local economic development efforts at the community level. They will provide neighborhood outreach services for the Citywide Local Development Corporation, assist in the formation and/or strenghtening of local merchants' associations, business recruitment and promotion, monitoring of public services to the area and provide referral services to other federal and county programs that are aimed at economic revitalization. Joseph R..Grassie City Manager F�<r'; Julio A. Castano, Director Department of Trade & Comme January 2, 1980 Presentation on the Economic Analysis and Development Strategy Study ce Development Attached is a copy of the Executive Summary of the City of Miami's Economic Analysis and Development Strategy Study for review by tlhe City Commission. The report was prepared by Gladstone Associates, Inc. pursuant to the City Commission's Resolution No. 79-126 of February 26, 1979. This consultant study provides an analysis of Miami's economic base, development trends, and growth potentials and will serve as the basic document for preparing the Comprehensive Economic Development Plan and Investment Strategy for the City of Miami. A presentation on the study is scheduled for January. 10, 1980. The professional services contract with Gladstone Associates totalled $70,000. The study was guided tocompletion by a five -member Project Management Committee comprised of representatives from the Department of Trade & Commerce Development, Department of Planning, Metro Dade County Manager's Office, and the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce (represent- ing the private sector) and chaired by myself. In addition, the report will be presented to the City's Advisory Council on Trade & Commerce Development on January 3, 1980. Our intention is to present the findings and recommendations from this study to the City Commission for formal acceptance, and to update the Commission on the status of the development of the Comprehensive Eco- nomic Development Strategy. JAC/TEC:vh Encs. 6 copies --Executive Summary Economic Analysis & Development Strategy Study t•n )M: Joseph R. Grassie City Manager 'IY••1 tJ 11 MY - January 2', 1980 Presentation on the Community Economic Demonstration Project Julio A. Castano, Director Department of Trade & Commer Development Attached is a copy of the Final Report on the City of Miami's Community Economic Development Demonstration Project for review by the City Commission. The report was prepared by the National Urban Development Services Corporation Pursuant to the City Commission's Resolution No. 79-325 (copy attached) of May 22, 1979., A presentation on the report is scheduled for January 10, 1980. The total cost of the project was $60,000. The project was funded by a demonstration grant of $30,000 from the U. S. Community Services Administration which was matched by the City with $15,000 in cash out of the budget of the Department of Trade & Commerce Development and with $15,000 of in -kind services. The pro- fessional services contract with the National Urban Development Services Corporation totalled $45,000. The project was guided to completion by a five -member Project Management Committee comprised of representatives from the Department of Trade & Commerce Development Authority, and the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce (representing the private sector) and chaired by myself. In addition, the report will be presented to the City's Advisory Council on Trade & Commerce Development on January 3, 1980. Our intention is to present the findings and recommendations from this project to the City Commission for formal acceptance. JAC/TEC:vh Encs. 2 - Final Report, (6 copies) Resolution No. 79-325 • BACKGROUND ECONOMIC INDICATORS Prepared for THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE OFFICE OF TRADE AND COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT MIAMI, FLORIDA August 31 , 1979 by Gladstone Associates Economic Consultants Miami, Florida ■ PREFACE Background Economic Indicators, the fourth of five reports focusing on Miami economic development strategies, is presented in this volume. Companion documents in this series include: Volume I: Executive Summary Volume II: The Miami Economy Volume III: Outlook, Opportunities and Strategies Volume V: Data Catalog. The Table of Contents which follows lists various indicators used in an evaluation of the City's economy (Volume II). Tabular and narrative materials thereafter highlight key study findings. Gladstone Associates August, 1979 TABLE OF CONTENTS BACKGROUND MATERIALS I. SOCIOECONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND A. Population 1. Trends in Numbers of Inhabitants, City of Miami, Dade County and the Miami Economic Region, 1960-1978 2. Population Distribution by Racial and Ethnic Characteristics, City of Miami (1970-1975) and Dade County (1960-1977) 3. Population Distribution by Age Categories, City of Miami (1970) and Dade County (1970 and 1977) 4. Components of Population Change, Dade County 1950-1978 PAGE I-A-1 I.-A-3 I-A-5 I-A-7. I-A-9 B. Employment I-B-1 1. Labor Force and Unemployment, Dade County, I-B-4 1970-1978 2, Employment by Industrial Categories, Dade County, I-B-5 1960-1978 3. Employment by Occupational, Categories, Dade County, 1970-1978 4. Occupational Profile of City and County Workers, 1970 5. Number of Establishments, Employment, Sales and Payroll, for Selected Industrial Categories, Miami and Dade County, 1972 C. Commutation Patterms (Work -Home Trips), Dade County, I-C 1970 and 1975 D. Land lise Development I-D-1 1. Industrial Development I-D-1 a. Distribution of Industrial Space by Location I-D-7 and Type, Miami Economic Region, 1978 b. Industrial Relocation/Expansion, by Source, Miami Economic Region, 1970-1977 c. Industrial Space Users, by Amount of Space, Dade County, 1978 d. Major Industrial Development Areas, Dade County, 1978 e. Characteristics of Industrial Development, by Location, Miami and Selected Dade County Locations, 1978 I-D-8 I-D-10 I-D-14 I-0-16 6. Printing and Publishing a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Recent Trends Nationwide c. Miami and Miami Area Firms 7. Electric and Electronic Equipment a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Miami and Miami Area Firms 8, Instruments and Related Products a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Miami and Miami Area Firms 9. Miscellaneous Plastics Products a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Miami and Miami Area Firms 10. Food and Kindred Products a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Miami and Miami Area Firms 11. Fabricated Structural !•1eta1 Products a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Recent Trends Nationwide c. Miami and Miami Area Firms E. Construction: Summary Industry Characteristics F. Health Services 1. Summary Industry Characteristics 2. Miami and Miami Area Hospitals III. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT A. Comparative Employment Trends By Category, U.S., Florida, Miami Economic Region, and Dade County, 1972-1977 B. Shift -Share Analysis, 1973-1976, By Two -Digit SIC 1. Illustration of calculation 2. The Miami Economic Region and the United States, By One -Digit SIC 3. Dade County and the Miami One -Digit SIC 4. The Miami Economic Region Digit SIC 5. Dade County and the Miami Two -Digit SIC 6. Background Materials Economic Region, By and the U.S., By Two - Economic Region, By II-D-53 II-0-53 II-D-56 II-0-57 II-D-59 II-D-59 II-D-64 II-D-66 II-D-66 II-0-71 II-D-73 II-D-73 11-0-75 II-D-77 II-D-77 II-D-80 II-0-83 II-D-83 I1-D-86 II4-87 II-E-1 C. Tourism II-C-1 1, Summary Industry Characteristics II-C-4 2. Domestic and International Passengers, Miami II-C-7 International Airport, 1970-1978 3. Air and Auto Visitors, Dade County and Florida, II-C-8 1970 and 1978 4. Origin of Visitors, Dade County and the Orlando II-C-11 SMSA, 1978 5. Purpose of Trip, Dade County and'Florida Visitors, II-C-14 1978 6. Average Length of Stay of Visitors, Dade County, II-C-15 Orlando, and Florida, 1978 7. Major Attractions, Dade County and Florida, 1978 8. Number of Lodging Units and Rental Units, Dade County and Other Major Florida Areas, 1977-1979 9. Conventions, Dade County and Selected Southeastern U.S. Areas, 1975, 1978 and 1979 10. Employment and Payroll, Eating and Drinking Estab- lishments, Dade County and Other Major Florida Areas, 1978 D. Manufacturing 1. Business Survey - Summary Results 2. Selected Manufacturing Indicators, Miami and Dade County, 1967-1972 3. Apparel and Textile Products a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Recent Trends Nationwide c. Miami and Miami Area Firms 4. Household Furniture Manufacture a. Summary Industry Characteristics b; Recent Trends Nationwide c. Miami and Miami Area Firms 5. Leather and Leather Products Manufacture a. Summary Industry Characteristics b. Recent Trends Nationwide c. Miami and Miami Area Firms • II-C-16 II-C-19 II-C-21 II-C-22 II-D-1 II-D-7 II-0-20 II-D-26 II4-26 II-D-30 II-D-31 II-D-36 II-D-36 II-D-39 II-D-40 II-D-46 1I-0-46 II-D-50 II-D-51 2. Office Development I-D-20 a. Inventory of Office Space, Dade County, 1978 I-D-20 b. Vacancy, Rental Rate, and Tenant Character- I-D-21 istics of Office Space, Dade County, 1978 c. Office Construction Trends, By Location, I-D-24 Dade County, to 1978 d. Major New Office Buildings Proposed, Dade I-D-25. County 3. Retail Activity I-D-28 a. Retail Sales, By Type, Miami CBD, Miami and I-D-28 Dade County, 1967 and 1972 b. Number of Retail Establishments, by Type, I-D-31 Miami CBD, Miami and Dade County, 1967 and and 1972 c. Retail Sales, By Type, Dade County, 1972-1978 I-D-34 4. Housing Development: Building Permits Issued, I-D-36 Miami and Dade County, 1970-March 1979 5 Downtown Development: Major Projects Proposed I-D-37 6. Inventory of Commercial Space, Miami 1975 I-D-45 II. KEY SECTORS OF THE MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA ECONOMY A. Banking II-A-1 1. Summary of Industry Characteristics II-A-5 2. Recent Trends Nationwide II-A-8 3. Deposits and Assets, Miami, Dade County, and II-A-9 Selected Southeastern Metropolitan Areas, 1977-1978 4. Commercial Banks in P•liami: Nationally Chartered, II-A-16 and State Chartered 5. International Banking in Dade County: Domestic II-A-20 Banks with International Departments; Foreign Banks; Edge Act Banks 6 International Banking in Atlanta and New Orleans II-A-27 SMSA's 7. Employment and Wages, Banking Industry, Dade II-A-30 County, 1975-1979 B. Trade and Transportation 1. Summary Industry Characteristics, Retail Trade 2. Summary Industry Characteristics, Transportation 3. Port -Related Functions 4. Imports and Exports from the Miami and Tampa Customs District, 1974-1978 II-B-1 I1-B-6 II-B-9 II-B-14 II-B-15 C. Comparative Cities Analysis: Atlanta, New Orleans Orlando, Tampa, and Jacksonville SMSA's 1. Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics, 1974-197S 2. Summary Characteristics: Atlanta, New Orleans, Orlando, Tampa, and Jacksonville SMSA's 3. Summary Port, Airport, and Business Operating Cost Features 4. Summary Manufacturing Characteristics 5. Detailed Employed Characteristics IV. INDUSTRY SECTOR RELATIONSHIPS A. Industry Sector Multipliers; Inter-sect_oral Relation- ships; 1972 B. Income Effects 1. Average Payroll Per Employee, By Industry Category, Dade County, 1978 2. Labor and Proprietors Income, By Industry, Dade County, 1977 3. Sources of Personal Income, Dade County, 1977 C. Fiscal Effects 1. Projected Revenues, City of Miami, FY 1978-1979 2. Projected Expenditures, City of Miami, FY 1978-1979 D. Labor Demand/Supply 1. Occupation by Industry, Dade County, 1970 2. Hard -to -Place and Hard -to -Fill Job Categories, Dade County, 1979 3. Future Labor Requirements of Manufacturing Firms, South Florida, 1979-1983 4. Occupational Wages, Dade County, 1978 E. Vocational Education 1. Vocational Enrollment, Dade County, 1973-1980 2. Available Programs, Private and Public Sectors, 1979 3. Adult Vocational Education Enrollment 4. Funding of Vocational Education, Dade County, 1978-1979 5 Level of Education: Academic vs. Vocational Graduates 6. Job Placement and Program Evaluation III-C-1 III-C-8 III-C-19 III-C-39 III-C-46 III-C-52 IV-,A-1 IV-B-1 IV-B-3 IV-B-10 IV-B-11 IV-C-1 IV-C-2 IV-C-3 IV-D-1 IV-D-2 IV-D-25 IV-D-26 IV-D-27 IV-E-1 IV-E-3 IV-E-7 IV-E-12 IV-E-14 IV-E-15 IV-E-17 I. SOCIOECONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND • A. Population • 5. A majority of the city's population is either of Cuban or other Spanish origin, or black. In 1975 an estimated 50 percent of city residents were Hispanic. An additional 97,100 persons, or 27 percent of the total, were black. Between 1970 and 1975, the numbers of Hispanic and black residents in the city increased by an average of almost 10,000 per year, while the non -Hispanic white population declined by almost 6,000 per year., (page I-A-5) 6. Comparable statistics for the county reveal a somewhat smaller but still significant (33.6 percent) share of total 1975 resi- dents were of Hispanic background and 16 percent were black. Since 1975, the distribution of county population by racial and ethnic background has remained relatively constant (page I-A-6). 7. In terms of age distribution, the city's profile did not differ significantly from the remainder of Dade County in 1970 (the last year In which data of this type were collected) although Miami accomodated slightly higher' proportions or working age. people over 25 years.(pjge I-A-7) I-A-2 • POPULATION The following tables summarize recent population trends and characteristics for the City of Miami, Dade County, and the Miami Economic Region:II Included in this section are tabular materials on: numbers of inhabitants, racial and ethnic characteristics, age distri- bution of the population base, and components of population change (migration; natural increase). Key findings emerging from these data are summarized below: 1. The Miami Economic Region -- consisting of Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties continuously gained population over the last two decades, going from 1.5 million in 1960 to nearly 3 million in 1978, for an average annual increase of nearly 81,200, or 5.4 percent during the 18-year interval. Indicative of the area's appeal, nearly one-half of the population growth has occurred since 1970. (pages I-A-3 and I-A-4) 2. Since 1960, 38 percent of the region's gains occurred in Dade County, which registered a 1978 population of nearly 1.5 million. Dade captured only 31 percent of regional increases post-1970, however, as continued suburganization enhanced growth in both Broward and Palm Beach Counties. (page I-A-4) 3. Increasing shares of Dade County growth have been due to in -migration, with almost 90 percent of population change since 1973 from this source. Thus, in spite of continuing movement of many regional residents to Broward and Palm Beach Counties, Dade remains an attractive relocation destination. (page I-A-9) 4. Miami's proportion of regional population has been declining since 1960. The city's share of Dade County population, for example, declined from 31 percent in 1960 to 26 and 23 percent, respectively, in 1970 and 1978. In absolute terms, however, the city managed to sustain population growth, with the numbers of residents increasing from nearly 334,900 in 1970 to almost 344,400 in 1978. (pages I-A-3 and I-A-4) 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach.Counties. I-A-1 5. A majority of the city's population is either of Cuban or other Spanish origin, or black. In 1975 an estimated 50 percent of city residents were Hispanic. An additional 97,100 persons, or 27 percent of the total, were black. Between 1970 and 1975, the numbers of Hispanic and black residents in the city increased by an average of almost 10,000 per year, while the non -Hispanic white population declined by almost 6,000 per year., (page I-A-5) 6. Comparable statistics for the countyreveal a somewhat smaller but still significant (33.6 percent) share of total 1975 resi- dents were of Hispanic background and 16 percent were black. Since 1975, the distribution of county population by racial and ethnic background has remained relatively constant (page I-A-6). 7. In terms of age distribution, the city's profile did not differ significantly from the remainder of Dade County in 1970 (the last year in which data of this type were collected) although Miami accomodated slightly higher proportions or working age. people over 25 ,years...(page I-A-7) I-A-2 • POPULATION TRENDS MIAMI, DADE COUNTY, AND THE MIAMI. ECONOMIC REGION 1960-1978 1960 1970 1978 of % of % of % of Z of h of Total Total Total Total Total_ Total Dade Economic Dade Economic Dade Economic Area Number County Region Number County Region Number County Region City of Miami 291,638 31.2 19.5 334,859 26.4 15.0 344,3932/ 23.0 11.6 Balance of Dade County 643,359 58.8 43.0 932,933 73.6 41.7 1,149,883 77.0 38.9 Total Dade County 935,047 100.0 62.5 1,267,792 100.0 56.7 1,494,276 100.0 50.5 Broward County 333,946 22.3 620,100 27.7 929,584 31.4 Palm Beach County 228,106 15.2 343,753 15.6 534,551 18.1 Total Miami Economic Region 1,497,099 100.0 2,236,645 100.0 2,958,411 100.0 11 The official City of Miami estimate is somewhat higher, at 348,721. Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census (1960 and 1970); University of Florida, Bureau Economic and Business Research (1978). pplWMPommwmmmil AVERAGE ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH MIAMI, DADE COUNTY, AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION 1960-1978 Area 1960-1970 ------- 1970-1978 of % of % of of Total Total Total Total Dade Economic Dade Economic Number County Region Number County, Region City of Miami 4,317 13.0 5.8 1,192 4.2 1.3 Balance of Dade County 28,957 87.0 39.2 27,119 95.8 30.0 Total Dade County 33,275 100.0 45.0 28,311 100.0 31.4 Broward County 28,615 38.7 38,686 42.9 Palm Beach County 12,054 16.3 23,225 25.7 Total Miami Economic Region 73,955 100.0 90,221 100.0 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census (1960-1970); University of Florida, Bureau of Economic -and Business Research (1970-1978). egt* ESTIMATED POPULATION TRENDS BY RACE, ETHNIC BACKGROUND CITY OF MIAMI 1970-1975 2/ Average Annual 1970 1975— Change: 1970-1975 - of %of =_ Race, Ethnic Background Number Total Number Total Number Percent Cuban and Other Spanish 151,914I/ 45.3 180,000 50.8 5,617 3,7 Black/Other 76,260 22.3 97,100 27.4 4,168 5.5 Non -Hispanic White 106,888 31.9 77,200 21.8 (5,938) (5.6) Total 335,062 100.0 354,300 100.0 3,848 1.1 1/ Spanish-speaking. -?/ Based on head of household racial and ethnic characteristics. Source: U.S. Bureau of Census (1970); 1975 Annual Housing Survey; City of Miami Planning Department; Gladstone Associates. I-A-5 ESTIMATED POPULATION TRENDS BY RACE, ETHNIC BACKGROUND DADE COUNTY 1960-1977 Race, Ethnic Background 1960 1970 1975 1977 Cuban and Other Spanish Number 50,000 296,800 467,000 500,000 Percent of Total 5.3 23.4 33.6 34.1 Black Number 137,000 189,000 225,500 231,100. Percent of Total 14.7 14.9 16.2 15.7 Non -Hispanic White Number 748,000 782,000 699,300 737,200 80.0 61.7 50.2 50.2 Total Number Percent of Total 935,000 1,267,800 1,391,800 1,463,300 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1/ From Computer Tape File of 1975 Annual Housing Survey, Miami SMSA Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census (1960, 1970, 1975, except 1960 Hispanic); Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research (1977. Black); Research Division, Dade County Planning Department; Gladstone Associates. 1-A-6 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY AGE CATEGORY CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1970 Miami Bal. of Dade County Total -Dade County Percent Percent Percent Age Category Number of Total Number of Total Number of Total 0-14 69,917 20.9 236,522 25.4 306,439 24.2 ,15-24 47,395 14.2 144,984 15.5 192,379 15.2 25-34 40,222 12.0 106,622 11.4 146,844 11.6 35-44 43,760 13.1 112,812 12.1 156,572 :2.3 45-54 43,758 13.1 114,644 12.3 158,402 12.5 55-64 41,324 12.3 91,315 9.3 134,439 10.6 65 and Over 48,483 14.5 124,234 13.3 172,717 13.6 Total 334,859 100.0 932,933 100.0 1,267,792 100.0 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census • I-A-7 POPULATION TRENDS BY AGE CATEGORY DADE COUNTY 1970-1977 Average Annual 1970 1977 Change: 1970-1977 Age Categorz. Number % of Total Number % of Total Number Percent 0-14 306,439 24.2 301,000 20.5 ( 777) (0.3) 15-44 495,795 39.1 607,900 41.4 16,015 3.2 45-64 292,841 23.1 333,300 22.7 5,780 2.0 65 and Over 172,717 13.5 226,100 15.4 7,626 4.4 Total 1,267,792 100.0 1,468,300 100.0 28,644 2.3 Source: U.E. Bureau of the Census (1970); University of Florida, Bureau of Economic 'and Business Research and Gladstone Associates (1977). I-A-8 COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE DADE COUNTY 1950-1978- 1/ Population Change Percent of Total Average Net Population Change Period Total Annual Migration Due to Net Migration 1950-1960 439,963 43,996 347,173 1960--1970 332,745 33,275 255,132 1970-1973 105,817 35,272 89,899 1973-1978 120,667 24,133 107,447 78.9% 76.7% 85.0% 89.0% 1/ Dade County population was 495,084 in 1950; 935,047 in 1960; 1,267,792 in 1970; 1,373,609 in 1973, and 1,494,276 in 1978. Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research; Gladstone Associates. I-A-9 MIGRATION BY AGE, RACE, AND SEX DADE COUNTY 1960-1970 _ Net In -Migration Total White Non -white Age Total Male Female Total' Male Female Total Male Female 0-14 41,255 20,317 20,938 37,056 18,603 18,453 4,199 1,714 2,485 15-24 31,659 11,708 19,951 25,455 9,648 15,806 6,204 2,060 4,144 25-44 77,254 35,478 41,776 70,219 32,743 37,476 7,036 2,735 4,300 45-64 56,502 23,558 32,944 55,453 23,356 32,097 1,049 202 847 - D' 65+ 48,462 22,717 25,744 46,947 22,160 24,787 1,514 557 957 Total 255,132 113,779 141,353 235,130 106,511 128,619 20,002 7,268 12,734 Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research. I IIIIII� • • Ct &,i'ITS OF PUPuLAT103/CR'. GE BY AGE DADE COMITY J960-1970 Average Annual Change: 1960-1970 1960-1970 1960 Net Natural NerF—1970 Percent Percent Abe Category Population 'Increase Migration - Population Number 0f 1960 0f Total Under 10 179.818 (-9.105) • 22.521 193,234 1,342 0.7: 4.0: 10-14 76.188 17.756 19,261 113,205 3,702 4.9 11.1% 15-19 56,173 30,972] 15.905] 14,088] 14.688] 8X] . 141] 20-24 52,137] 108.310 23,263] 54,235 11,929] 29.834 3,719] 192.379 3.719]a,407 7%] 7•61 ] 11.474 25.31 25-34 124.938. (-17,613) 35-44 140.758 (-17.897) 45-54 110.013 15.453 55-64 93.058 12.979 65 Years b Over Total 39.519 33.701 . 24.936 28.402 146,344 2.191 1.7". 156,572 1.5C0 1.1% 150.402. 4.639 3.4% 134.439 4,133 4.4Z 93,954 22,626 56,137 172.717 7.076 8.4 935.047 78.434 254.311 1.267.792 . , 33.275 Source: 1910 Census of Population, PC(1)-(11)8 and USDA-UGA Preliminary Estimates; Gladstone Associates. 6.6% 4.7% 12.1'1 12.4% 23. 7: •100.0: IN B. Employment • • EMPLOYMENT This section is divided into four primary categories: (1) labor force and unemployment in Dade County; (2) industrial distribution of employment in Dade County; (3) occupational distribution of employment in Dade County; and (4) selected characteristics of key industrial categories in Miami and Dade County in 1972. Reliable estimates of labor force, unemployment, and employment for the City of Miami are not available on a comprehensive basis. The 1972 Census of Business provides some indication of the City's share of metropolitan area employment levels, sales levels, and numbers of establishments in certain industrial categories, as of that year. Until the 1977 Census of Business is finally released, more recent City employment characteristics must be inferred from County trends. With respect to recent patterns of Dade County labor force and employment and associated implications for the City of Miami, the follow- ing conclusions can be drawn: 1. The civilian labor force of the County has been increasing steadily since 1970, rising from 542,000 in that year to 688,000 in 1978. Rates of unemployment, which increased to 12.6 percent in 1975, have now fallen to 7 percent, still somewhat above rates recorded in the early 1970's. In the City, unemployment rates even higher than 7 percent are likely. (page I-B-4) 2. The industrial distribution of non-agricultural employment in the county has shifted somewhat since 1960, reflecting local as well as regional and national trends. For example, the services sector increased from 20.7 percent of all non- agricultural employment in 1960 to 24.0 percent in 1978. I-B-1 • EMPLOYMENT This section is divided into four primary categories: (1) labor force and unemployment in Dade County; (2) industrial distribution of employment in Dade County; (3) occupational distribution of employment in Dade County; and (4) selected characteristics of key industrial categories in Miami and Dade County in 1972. Reliable estimates of labor force, unemployment, and employment for the City of Miami are not available on a comprehensive basis. The 1972 Census of Business provides some indication of the City's share of metropolitan area employment levels, sales levels, and numbers of establishments in certain industrial categories, as of that year. Until the 1977 Census of Business is finally released, more recent City employment characteristics must be inferred from County trends. With respect to recent patterns of Dade County labor force and employment and associated implications for the City of Miami, the follow- ing conclusions can be drawn: 1 The civilian labor force of the County has been increasing steadily since 1970, rising from 542,000 in that year to 688,000 in 1978. Rates of unemployment, which increased to 12.6 percent in 1975, have now fallen to 7 percent, still somewhat above rates recorded in the early 1970's. In the City, unemployment rates even higher than 7 percent are likely. (page I-B-4) 2. The industrial distribution of non-agricultural employment in the county has shifted somewhat since 1960, reflecting local as well as regional and national trends. For., example, the services sector increased from 20.7 percent of all non- agricultural employment in 1960 to 24.0 percent in 1978. I-B-1 7. As of 1978, employment in Dade County was roughly 50 percent in white collar categories, 34 percent in blue collar categories and 15 percent in service categories. This occupational profile was only marginally changed from the 1970 distribution. While more recent data of this type are not available for the City, all indications are that the distribution of Miami employment by occupational category is also essentially the same now as it was in 1970. (page I-B-14) • LABOR FORCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT TRENDS, DADE COUNTY 1970-1973 Year Civilian Labor Force Employment Unemployment Unemployment Rate 1970 542,000 520,000 22,000 4.1 1971 559,009 530,000 29,000 5.2 1972 593,000 560,000 33,000 5.6 1973 613,009 588,000 25,000 4.1 1974 649,700 599,600 50,100 7.7 1975 673,200 588,700 84,500 12.6 1976 673,100 606,100 67,000 10.0 1977 674,700 614,400 60,300 8.9 1978 688,000 639,800 48,200 7.0 Source: Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Employment Security, Research and Statistics. I I u PI110 Ii1P111.A@I EVIR owl • • NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY DADE COUNTY 1972-1978 Average Annual Employment" Industrial Category 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 4/ Manufacturing 86,700 94,800 92,300 81,600 84,000 90,500 95,100 Contract Construction 38,300 45,700 43,100 26,300 24,400 25,900 30,500 T.C.P.UY 58,400 60,800 59,900 58,400 58,000 59,600 62,400 Trade 146,200 155,500 156,400 150,900 154,600 160,100 165,500 F.I.R.E. 3/ 41,000 43,400 44,500 43,000 43,400 44,900 46,500 Services & Miscellaneous 128,900 136,600 141,400 137,600 144,100 147,300 155,100 Government 64,300 65,600 72,300 81,900 87,000 88,600 91,800 Total 563,800 602,400 609,900 579,700 595,500 616,900 646,900 1/ Estimated on place-of=work basis. 2/ Transportation, Communications and Public Utilities. 3/ Finance, Insurance and Real Estate. 4/ Estimate based on 1978 benchmark. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. DISTRIBUTION OF NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY DADE COUNTY 1972 - 1978 Industrial Category 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 Manufacturing 15.4% 15.7% 15.1% 14.1% 14.1% 14.7% 14.7% Contract Construction 6.8% 7.6% 7.1% 4.6% 4.1% 4.2% 4.7% T.C.P.U.1/ 10.3% 10.1% 9.8% 10.1% 9.7% 9.7% 9.6% Trade 25.9% 25.8% 25.6% 26.0% 26.0% 26.0% 25.6% F.I.R.E.2/ 7.3% 7.2% 7.3% 7.4% 7.3% 7.3% 7.2% Services & Miscellaneous 22.9% 22.7% 23.2% 23.7% 24.2% 23.9% 24.0% Government 11.4% 10.9% 11.9% 14.1% 14.6% 14.4% 14.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 19783/ 1/ Transportation, Communication, and Public Utilities. 2/ Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate. 3/ Estimate. based on 1978 benchmark. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. i i 9!'iRR gpn��i�eSsxmAQ • ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT IN MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENTS DADE COUNTY 1972-1978 Type of Average Annual Change: Manufacturing 1972-1978 Establishment 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 # N Durable Goods 36.200 40,300 38,600 32,900 33,600 37,100 39,800 600 1.7% Furniture and Fixtures 3,800 4,000 4,000 3,300 3,200 3,600 4,000 600 0.9% Stone, Clay and Glass Products 3,500 4,300 4,100 2,800 2,600 2,800 3,000 -83 -2.4% Fabricated Metal Products 8,700 9,900 8,300 6,900 6,900 7,800 8,300 -67 -0.8% 'i Machinery 7,000 8,100 9,000 8,800 . 8,500 9,400 10,800 633 9.0% co Transportation Equipment 4,200 4,400 3,900 3,300 3,000 3,600 3,900 -50 -1.2, Other 9,000 9,6C0 9,300 7,800 9,400 9,900 13,700 783 8.7% Non -Durable Goods 50,500 54,500 53,700 48,700 51,000 53,400 55,300 800 1.6Z Food and Kindred Products 7,200 7,500 7,200 6,900 6,300 6,500 6,600 -100 -1.4% Apparel and Textile Products 20,400 22,800 20,400 18,500 19,200 20,600. 21,000 100 0.5% Printing and Publishing 7,400 7,600 7,500 6,900 7,000 7,300 7,700 50 0.7% Other 15,500 16,600 18,600 16,400 18,500 19,000 20,000 750 4.8% Total 86,700 94,800 92,300 81,600 84-,600 90,500 95,100 1,400 1.6% Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. Pipe of Establishment ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT IN TRADE ESTABLISHMENTS DADE COUNTY 1972-1978 Average Annual Change: 1972-1978 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 Wholesale 38,800 43,600 46,700 44,700 46,000 47,800 49,100 1,717 4.4% Retail 107,400 111,900 109,700 106,200 108,600 112,300 116,400 1,500 1..4% Building -Materials and Fann Equipment 3,200 3,500 3,700 3,400 3,100 3,200 3,600 67 2.1% General Merchandise 21,900 24,100 20,800 19,700 19,900 21,200 22,100 33 0.2% Food Stores 16,200 16,500 17,700 17,600 17,500 17,000 16,700 83 0.5% Auto Dealers and 1 Service Stations 13,300 13,400 12,600 12,300 12,600 13,100 13,600 50 0.4% CO oo Apparel and Accessory Stores 8,800 9,000 8,800 8,300 8,700 9,000 9,300 83 0.9% Furniture and Home Furnishings 5,100 5,300 5,700 4,700 4,100 4,200 4,300 -133 -2.6% Eating and Drinking Places 27,300 28,100 27,900 27,600 29,700 31,500 33,400 1,017 3.7% Miscellaneous Retail 11,600 12,000 12,500 12,700 12,900 13,100 13,400 300 2.6% Total 146,200 155,500 1566,400 150,900 154,600 160,100 165,500 3,217 2.2% Source: Annual Planning Information Report 1980, Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. II I I @Pei ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT IN TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION AND PUBLIC UTILITIES ESTABLISHMENTS DADE COUNTY 1972-1978 Type of Establishment Averaje Annual Change: 1972-1978 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 #� Local and Passenger Transportation 2,100 2,100 2,200 2,000 1,700 1,500 1,500 -100 Trucking and Warehousing 5,300 5,600 6,000 5,500 5,500 6,500 6,800 250 Air Transportation 28,000 30,000 26,800 25,800 25,000 25,700 27,100 -150 G, Communications 3 and Public Utilities 16,300 16,700 17,500 17,500 16,800 16,100 16,400 17 LD Other 6,700 6,400 7,400 7,600 9,000 9,800 10,600 650 Total 58,400 60,800 59,900 58,400 58,000 59,600 62,400 667 Source: Annual Planning information Report 1980 Florida Department of Labor and -Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. 4.7% -0 .5% 0 .1% 9.7'% ANNUAL AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT IN SERVICES AND MISCELLANEOUS ESTABLISHMENTS DADS COUNTY 1972-1978 Average Annual Change: Type of 1972-1978 Establishment 1972 1973 1974 -1975 1976 1977 1978 1 Hotels and Other Lodging 21,400 20,400 18,900 18,200 18,800 17,700 17,700 -617 -2.9% Personal Services 9,700 9,400 9,100 8,500 8,500 8,800 8,900 -133 -1.4% Business Services 20,900 22,200 22,800 21,300 23,600 25,600 28,600 1,283 6.1% Motion Pictures 1,900 1,900 2,000 1,400 1,300 1,200 1,300 -100 -5.3% ;� Amusement and OD Recreation 7,200 6,800 7,800 7,400 7,700 8,300 9,100 317 4.4% Health Services 28,000 30,100 32,900 35,200 36,700 38,000 39,000 1,833 6.5% Other 39,800 45,800 47,900 45,600 47,500 47,700 50,500 1,783 4.5% Total 128,900 136,600 141,400 137,600 144,100 147,300 155,100 4,366 3.4% Source: Annual Planning Information Report 1980, Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. li i l4 iIIP!V!RIIIIPIIglllml.WM NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY DADE COUNTY 1960 - 1972 Industrial Category Average Annual Emnloyment 1/ 1960 1965 1970 1972 Manufacturing 42,500 55,600 77,200 86,700 Contract Construction 23,500 23,500 32,400 333,300' T.C.P.U.,?/ 34,500 .- 36,600 55,-300 58,400 Trade 87,100 98,700 131,700 146,200 F.I,R.E.3/ 20,700 24,600 33,70041,000 Services & Misc. 63,700 78,000 115,300 123,900 Government 35,600 46,600 57,600 6d,300 Total 307,600 363,600 503,200 563,800 1/ Estimated on place -of -work basis. 2/ Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities. 3/ Finance,. Insurance and Real Estate. Source: Labor Market Trends, Florida Department of Commerce and .Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. I-B-11 DISTRIBUTION OF NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY 1960-1972 Industry Category 1960 1965 1970 1972 Manufacturing 13.8% 15.3% 15.3% 15.4% Contract Construction 7.6% 6.5% 6.4% 6.8% T.C.P.U.1/ 11.2% 10.1% 11.0% 10.3% Trade 28.3% 27.1% 26.2% 25.9% F.I.R.E.?/ 6.7% 6.8% 6.7% 7.3% Services & Miscellaneous 20.7% 21.5% 22.9% 22.9% Government 11.6% 12.8% 11.4% 11.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Note: Totals may not add to 100.0% due to rounding. 1/ Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities.' 2/ Finance, Insurance and Real Estate. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. I-B-12 • TRENDS IN NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY DADE COUNTY 1960 - 1972 Average Annual Change in Employment 1960-1965 1965-1970 1970-1972 Industrial Category Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Manufacturing 2,620 6.2% 4,320 7.8% 4,750 6.2% Contract Construction 0 0.0% 1,780 7.6% 2,950 9.1% T.C.P.U. 1 420 1.2% 3,740 10.2% 1,550 2.8% Trade 2,320 2.7% 6,600 6.7% 7,250 5.5% F.I.R.E.?/ 780 3.8% 1,820 7.4% 3,650 10.8% Services & Misc. 2,860 4.5% 7,460 9.6% 6,800 5.9% Government 2,200 6.2% 2,200 4.4% 3,350 5.8% Total 11,200 3.6% 27,920 7.7% 30,300 6.0% 1/ Transportation, Communication, and Public Utilities. 2/ Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate. Source: Labor Market Trends, Florida Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. I-B-13 EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORY DADE COUNTY 1970-1978 Occupational Category 1970 ib of Number Total 197S „f Number -n,, Total Employment 513,200 100.0 654,000 100.0 White Collar 262,300 51.1 325,C00 49.7 Professional and Technical 68,700 13.4 85,C00 13.0 Managerial and Administrative 46,800 9.1 67,000 10.2 Sales Workers 44,800 8.7 45,000 6.8 Clerical 102,000 19.9 19.6 Blue Collar 166,300 32.4 223 000 34.1 Craft and Kindred 69,700 13.6 81,000 12.4 Operation (Ex. Trans.) 53,800 10.5 77,000 11.7 Transportation Equipment Operation 18,200 3.5 :0,000 4.6 Nonfarm Laborers 24,600 4.8 35,000 5.4 Service 79,800 15.5 100,000 i5,' Farm Workers 4,800 0.9, 7,000 1 Source; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics; U.S. Bureau of Census, Gladstone Associates. I-B-14 EMPLOYMENT OF RESIDENTS BY OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORY CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1970 Occupational Category White Collar Professional and Technical: Engineers Physicians and Related Practitioners Other Health Workers Teachers Technicians, Exc. Health Other Managers and Administrators: Manufacturing Retail Trade Other Sales Workers: Manufacturing & Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Other Clerical: Bookkeepers Secretaries, Typists Other City of Miami Number Percent 'Of Total 61,156 40.9%, 14,780 9.9% 607 0.4% 1,120 0.7% 2,274 1.5% 2,702 1.8% 1,289. 0.9% 6,788 4.5% 8,889 5.9% 772 0.5% 2,567 1.7% 5,550 3.7% 10,084 6.7% 1,975 1.3% 5,743 3.8% 2,366 1.6% 27,403 18.3% 2,889 1.9% 7,134 4.8% 17,380 11.6% Dade County Number Percent Percent of Dade County Of Total 262,276 51.1% 23.3% 68,666 13.4% 3,606 0.7% 4,663 0.9% 8,400 1.6% 13,363 2.6% 7,004 1.4% 31,630 6.2% 46,785 4,795 12,608 29,382 44,810 9,449 22,937 12,424 102,015 12,015 28,639 61,361 9.1% 0.9% 2.5% 5.7% 8.7% 1.8% 4.5% 2.4% 19.9% 2.3% 5.6% /u 12.0% (Continued . . Miami As A } 21.5% 16.8% 24.0% 27.0% 20.2% 18.4% 21.5% 19.0% 16.1% 20.4% 18.9% 22.5% 20.9% 25.0% 19.0% 26.9% 24.0% 24.9% 28.3% EMPLOYMENT OF RESIDENTS BY OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORY (Continued) CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1970 City of Miami Dade County Miami As A Occupational Category Number Percent Number .Percent Percent of Dade County Of Total Of Total Blue Collar 57,857 38.7% 166,329 32.4% 34.3% Craftsmen, Foremen: 18,073 12.5% 69,745 13.6% 25.9% Automobile Mechanics 1,556 1.0% 5,720 1.1% 27.2% Other Mechanics, Repairmen 2,685 1.8% 14,750 2.9% 13.2% Machinists 191 0.1% 847 0.2% 22.6% Other Metal Craftsmen 336 0.2% 1,833 0.4% 18.3% co Carpenters 2,372 1.6% 7,577 1.5% 31.3% Other Construction 3,326 2.2% 12,988 2.4% 27.5% Other Craftsmen 2,607 5.1% 26,930 5.2% 28.2% Oneratives, Exc. Transnort: 24,658 16.5% 53,778 10.5% 45.9% Durable Goods Mfg. 5,334 3.6% 11,928 2.3% 44.7% Nondurable Goods.Mfg. 12,082 8.1% 23,160 4.5% 52.2% U Nonmanufacturing 7,242 4.8% 18,690 3.6% 3 .70 Transport Equipment Operatives: 6,036 4.0% 18,209 3.5% 33.1% Truck Drivers 2,127 1.4% 6,816 1.3% 31.2% Other 3,909 2.6% 11,393 2.2% 34.3% Laborers, Exc. Farm: 9,090 6.1% 24,597 4.8% 37.0% Construction 2,299 1.5% 6,141 1.2% 37.4 Freinht, Stock, Materials 2,646 1.8% 7,851 1.5% 333.7 Handlers Other 4,145 2.8% 10,605 2.1% (Continued . . .) 1 0w14IMPoenIIieOMew' I Occupational Category Service Workers Cleaning Service Food Service Health Service Personal Service Protective Service Private Household Farm Workers Total • E''.PLOYMENT OF RESIDENTS BY OCCUPATIONAL CATEGORY (Continued) CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1970 City of Miami Number Percent 0f Total 29,770 19.9% 6,577 4.4% 8,699 5.8% 2,227 1.5% 3,739 2.5% 1,224 0.8% 4,939 3.3% 652 0.4% 149,435 100.0% Source: U.S. Bureau of Census; Gladstone Associates. Dade County Miami As A Number Percent Percent of Dade County Of Total 15.5" 37.3% 2.7% 47.9% 4.4% 38.2% 1.3% 32.5% 2.3% 31.3% 1.3% 18.7% 2.3% 41.2% 13.6% 79,755 13,717 22,782 6,846 11,913 6,538 11,985 4,804 0.9% 513,164 100.0% 29.1% Industry NUr1BEP OF ESTABLISHMENTS AND EMPLOYMENT FOR SELECTED INDUSTRIES CITY OF MIAt1I AND DADE COUNTY 1972 Number of Establishments Employment City 0f Dade - City as a City Of Dade City as a Miami County % of County Miami County % of County Manufacturing - Total 997 2,820 35% 25,600 85,900 30% With 20 or more employees 270 -- 935 29% - - - Retail Trade - Total 4,659 13,724 34% 28,639 94,799 30% Wholesale Trade 1,316 3,612 36% 14,322 38,519 37% Merchant Wholesalers 1,140 2,995 38% Selected Services: .., Hotels/Motels, etc. 199 852 23% 2,450 22,845 11% 03 Personal Services 1,169 3,362 35% 4,411 10,257 43% Business Services 1,425 4,163 34% 8,380 18,676 45% Automotive Repair 475 1,141 42% 2,042 4,772 43% Misc. Repair 530 1,334 40% 758 2,350 32% Amusement/Recreation 358 1,471 24% 1,740 7,755 22% Dental Laboratories 32 137 23% 80 294 27% Legal Services 1,010 1,841 55% 2,704 3,956 68% Arch., Eng., Land Survey 223 738 30% 1,256 3,027 41% Total Services 5,421 15,039 36% 23,821 73,932 32% Total of Above 12,393 Source:: Censusof Business_ 32,224 35% 92,382 293,140 32% u am!i !mPIi!eme womm • SALES AND PAYROLL FOR SELECTED INDUSTRIES CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1972 (Millions of Constant 1978 Dollars) Sales1/ Payroll Industry City 0f Dade City as a City 0f Dade City as a Miami County % of County Miami County % of County Manufacturing $ 590.3 1,901.0 31% $ 283.8 $ 949.6 30N Retail Trade 1,314.7 5,926.9 30% 233.3 756.1 31% Wholesale Trade 3,083.0 8,474.9 36% 290.6 543.7 37% Selected Service: Hotels/Motels, etc. 54.0 490.8 11% 15.0 145.6 10; Personal Services 91.7 198.3 46% 33.1 69.7 47% Business Services 241.4 517.2 47% 82.4 175.5 47% Automotive Repair 109.5 240.7 45% 20.2 47.4 43% 00 L Misc. Repair 31.4 91.9 34% 8.6 27.7 31% Amusement/Recreation 88.3 247.3 36% 21.7 65.8 33% Dental Laboratories 2.1 9.5 22% 0.6 2.0 20% Legal Services 181.7 266.7 68% 53.0 71.1 755% Arch., Eng., Land Survey $ 50.7 121.1 42% 22.6 50.2 Total Services $ 850.8 $ 2,184.0 39% $ 257.2 $ 656.3 39% Total of Above $6,338.8 $18,486.8 34% $ 974.9 $2,905.7 34% 1/ Value added for manufacturing and receipts for services. Source: 1972 Census of Business; Gladstone Associates. IIIIIIng C. Commutation Patterns (Work -Home Trips), Dade County, 1970 and 1975 i • COMMUTATION PATTERNS (WORK -HOME TRIPS) Sample census data on commutation patterns within Dade County for 1970 and 1975 provide an indication of the numbers of jobs in various sub -areas that are filled by county residents. As of 1970, an estimated 170,000 Dade County residents were employed in Miami. An estimated 21,000, or 13.6 percent, of these were employed within the CBD. Of the 175,500 in City workers in that year, 72,800 also lived within the City limits. (page I-C-3) Less detailed data for 1975 indicate that an estimated 152,000 County residents worked in Miami and that 67,000 of these, or 44 percent, also lived in the City. (page I-C-2) • Place of Work City of Miami Remainder Dade County Total Dade County Outside SMSA l No Fixed Place of Work N Not Reported Total PLACE OF WORK DADE COUNTY RESIDENTS 1975 Place of Residence Remainder Percent City of Miami Dade County Total Dade County Distribution 67,000 61,000 128,000 2,000 10,000 1,000 86,000 265,000 351,000 9,000 40,000 2,000 141,000 402,000 152,000 326,000 479,000 11,000 50,000 3,000 28.0% 60.0% 88.2% 2.0% 9.2% 0.6% 543,000 100.0% Source: Travel -to -Work Supplement to the 1975 Annual Housing Survey; Gladstone Associates. • Place of Work PLACE Of WORK DADE COUNTY 1970 Place of Residence North Carol Coral . Miami Miami North Percent C1ty Gables _Hialeah Kendall Beach Miami Beach Miami Balance Total Dtstrloutlon Inside SMSA Miami - COO 196 944 835 777 1.059 8.973 264 601 7.381 . 21.030 4.2% Remainder Miami C1ty 2.354 4.968 9.606 3.487 3.598 64.832 2.190 4,015 59.422 154.472 30.6% Miami Beach City 338 360 1.174 282 11.633 9,088 940 1.294 8,285 ' 33.394 6.o1 North Miami City 271 58 388 53 227 1.197 697 2.694 4.20? 9.787 1.9% North Miami Beach City 238 35 257. 43 161 852 2.414 759 3.674 8.433 1.71 .., Coral Gables City 120 4.165 642 1.246 184 5.608 80 93 10.205 22.343 4.4t 1 Hialeah City 919 525 15.576 353 925 9,077 332. 638 10,965 39.310 7.8/ 1 Remainder Dade County 3,600 3,065 13.437 5,866 2,767 27.289 2.883 3,850 92026 154,1143 30.7% LO Subtotal 8,036 14,120 41.915 12.107 20.554 126.916 9.800 13.944 196.220 443.612 88.1t Outside SMSA 724 ' 776 1.226 381 849 - 3.302 904 722 8.691 17.574 3.5% Not reported 848 1,275 2.789 729 2,645 14,379 757 1,031 18,706 43.159 8.6% Total 9,608 16.171 45.929 13.217 24.048. 144.597 11.461 15.697 223.617 504.345 100.U't Source: U.S. Census of Population. 1970 PHC (1) - 129; Gladstone Assoct#tes. D. Land Use Development • 1. Industrial Development LAND USE DEVELOPMENT Industrial', office, retail, and housing development information (with emphasis on downtown and other parts of the City) set forth in this section, include the following: Industrial Development Available information concerning industrial development in Miami, Dade County, and the Miami Economic Region (reflected primarily in selected data compiled and graciously released by Coldwell Banked"indicates that: 1. Dade County is the primary regional location for industrial users, accounting for 73 percent of those surveyed in Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. (page I-D-5) 2. From 1970 to 1977, average demand for industrial space, from users over 10,000 square feet, was estimated at 3.7 million per year in the three -county region. (page I-D-8) 3. A full 95.6 percent of this demand was generated internally, either from new indigenous businesses or from relocation/ expansion needs. Moreover, of the 1.3 million square feet generated from users coming into the region, 36.5 percent was generated from within the State of Florida. (pages-I-D-8 and I-D-9) 4. In Dade, large concentrations of industrial space exist in the Opa-Locka, Hialeah, and central unincorporated county, areas. The City of Miami accounts for about 10 percent of total County building area for industrial space users occupying more than 10,000 square feet. (pages I-D-18 and I-D-14) 5. Major city industrial concentrations include the Biscayne Boulevard north corridor, Biscayne. Boulevard South, and the Civic Center area. These districts; are characterized by heavy rail usage, substantial percentages of owner -occupied structures, and high land coverage ratios, as-ccomparedIto-1ther industrial locations in the County. (P 9 )) 1/ These data may not be fully comprehensive since small (under 10,000 square feet) industrial space users are excluded. Nevertheless, they are indicative of the types of area -wide industrial activity. I-0-1 • Office Development Pages I-D-20 to I-D-27 present data on current and historical levels of office development in selected portions of the City of Miami and Dade County. Inventory information, and tenant, rental and vacancy characteristics of area office development are provided. A list of major office buildings pro- posed for downtown Miami, Brickell Avenue, Coral Gables, and other Dade County locations is also included. The following conclusions are derived from these tabular materials: 1 Miami contains a significant proportion (54 percent) of the County's private, multi -tenant office space. As of faTT, - 1978, moreover, the largest proportion of government office space in the County was also located in the City. Miami's position, however, weakened somewhat during 1972-78 when it captured only 43 percent of all regional private, multi -tenant office construction, During this period, substantial office space was built in suburban locations primarily including the Palmetto Expressway corridor and other outlying portions of Dade County. Ease of access, land availability, lower land prices, and availability of labor force were key to this out- ward movement. (page I-D-24) 2. Within the City, the downtown area and the Brickell Avenue corridor are the major locations of office space development, with an inventory of 3.36 million and 1.3 million square feet, respectively. Occupancies in these areas are extremely high at present and rents have been rising rapidly, attesting to their continued attractiveness. (pages I-D-20 to I-D-22) 3. In response to current firm demand, renewed interest in down town, and proposed transit improvements, major increments of private and public office space are proposed in the City Including the Ball_Point Plaza and Southeast Bank Building projects, as well as Government Center, up to 4.7 million square feet of office space are proposed for downtown Miami with an additional 1.15 million square feet advanced for Brickell Avenue. Taken together, these two areas account for as much as 85 to 90 percent of all major building office space pro- posed for Dade County, underscoring the strength and vitality of Miami as a financial and service center. (pages I-D-25.to I-D-27) I-D-2 Retail Activity The most recent comprehensive data on retail sales in the City are reported in the 1972 Census of Retail Trade, Until publication of the 1977 update of these data, it is difficult to accurately assess the City's share of County retail activity. Inferences can be drawn, however, from the 1972 data, coupled with more recent County sales trend information as summarized below: 1. In 1972, retail sales in the City of Miami totaled $1.3 billion (expressed in 1978 dollars). This level represented a 30 percent share of total County sales during that same year. 0f parti- cular importance, however, is the fact that the City captured a 31.3 percent share of total County sales of shoppers goods (general merchandise, apparel and accessories, and furniture), thus maintaining a strong position in the regional compara- tive shopping sector. (pages I-D-28 and I-D-29) 2. The Miami Central Business District accounted for 17 percent of total retail sales in the City in 1972. More importantly, the CBD accounted for a significant 27.5 percent of total shoppers goods sales in that year, againunderscoring the City's position -- and particularly the Central Business. District's role -- as a comparison goods shopping center. (page I-0-29) 3. Since 1972, retail sales in Dade County have increased an average of 4 percent per year in constant 1978 dollar. terms. Much of this increase, however, was in the food category. Comparison goods sales increased by only 2 percent per year on average during this time interval, reflecting a loss to outlying areas -- particularly Broward County -- for shoppers goods sales. These data would tend to indicate that the City (and the Miami CBD in particular) has lost some of its predominance in the regional retail trade sector. (pages I-D-34 and I-D-35) Housing Development As an indicator of recent trends vis-a-vis other Dade County locations, Miami housing permit data have been compiled. (page I-D-•36) I-D-3 According to this information, the City's share of County housing development decjined during the 1970's primarily due to multi -family construction trends. Early in the decade, reflecting a boom in con- dominium development, the City captured up to 32 percent of total County construction. Following the mid-1970's recession, however, the City's share of County housing development declined, dropping to as low as 6.6 percent in 1977. Throughout the 1970-1978 period, Miami's share of Dade single family home construction remained rela lovely constant at a.nominal 1.5 to 3 percent share. Downtown Development As an indication of continued downtown strength and viability, (and the increasing attractiveness to public and private sector development of this area) a list of projects proposed for downtown has been compiled. This inventory, presented on pages I-D-37 to I-0-44, includes nearly 40 separate projects, with an estimated total investment of more than S1,6 billion. I-D-4 County .ESTIMATED INVENTORY OF INDUSTRIAL SPACE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION 1978 Amount Percent of Total (Million S.F.) Dade County 49 73.1% Broward County 11 16.4% Palm Beach County 7 10.5 Total 67 100.M Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-5 Major Type of Use ESTIMATED INVENTORY OF INDUSTRIAL SPACE BY MAJOR TYPE OF USE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION1/ 1978 Amount Percent of Total `- (Millions of S.F.) Manufacturing 31.6 47.5% Wholesale Trade/Retail 24.9 37.5% Distribution Transportation/Utilities 5.0 7.5% Services 2.5 3.7% Construction 1.3 1.9% Other 1.7 2.5° Total 67.0 100.0,E 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-6 • DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL FIRMS BY MAJOR TYPE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION-/ 1978 Major Type Manufacturing Wholesale Trade/Retail Distribution Other Total Number 0f Firms 980 829 Percent of Total 43.9% 37.2% 421 2,230 100.1)i;; -Source: Caldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 sq. ft. or more. Survey may not be fully com- prehensive. I-D-7 INDUSTRIAL RELOCATION/EXPANSION MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION1/ 1970 through 1977 Source Relocations from outside the Region New businesses from within the Region Relocation/Expansion from within the Region Total Average Annual Demand Number of Firms Industrial Space (millions Sq.Ft.) 57 1.3 716 20.0 325 8.3 1,098 29.6 137 3.7 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Eeach Counties. Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. • I-D-8 • MAJOR STATES OF ORIGIN INDUSTRIAL RELOCATIONS FROM OUTSIDE THE'MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION1 / 1970 through 1977 State of Origin Number of Firms Industrial Space (Square Feet) Florida 16 475,000 New York 16 398,000 Ohio 5 N/A Michigan 5 N/A New Jersey 5 N/A Other 10 N/A Total 57 1,300,000 1-/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-9 Size Ranae —T-Sq.Ft - DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL SPACE USERS, BY SIZE .MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION 1978 Number 0f Firms Total Occupied Space Million Sq.Ft.) 10,000-20,000 1,226 15.0 20,000-40,000 572 14.5 40.,000-60,000 202 9.1 60,000-80,000 85 5.5 80,000-100,000 39 3.3 100;000-200,000 69 9.5 200,000-300,000 23 5.5 300,000-400,000 8 2.3 400,000-500,000 3 N/A 500,000 and over 3 2.5 Total 2,230 N/A Source: Caldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-10 1 1 L 1 1 1 • • AVERAGE SIZE OF INDUSTRIAL PLANT BY TYPE OF INDUSTRY MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION./ Industry Type Average Size- 2/ (Sq.Ft. of Occupied Space) Machinery, exc. electric 48,000 Fabricated Metal 30,000 Motor Freight 42,500 Transportation Equipment 78,000 Furniture and Fixtures 27,000 Electrical Equipment 33,000 Rubber Products 33,000 Food and Kindred Products 39,000 Apparel 18,500 Lumber and Wood Products 32,000 1/ 2/ Dade,Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Based on sample survey of firms occupying over 10,000 square feet. Source: Caldwell, Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-0-11 INDUSTRIAL SPACE BY TYPE DADE COUNTY 1978 Major Category Number of Firms Occupied Industrial Space (Sq.Ft.) Manufacturing 679 22,000,000 Wholesale Trade and Retail 570 19,000,000 Distribution Transportation/Utilities 101 4,250,000 Services 94 2,000,000 Construction 34 500,000 All Other 58 1,500,000 Total 1,536 49,250,000 Source: Caldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-12 PRIMARY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY SPACE USER CATEGORIES: DADE COUNTY 1978 SIC Category Number of Firms Occupied Industrial Space (Square Feet) 35 Machinery, except 74 3,600 ,000 electrical 34 Fabricated metal 109 3,400,000 products Motor freight 73 3,000,000 37 Transportation 36 2,700,000 equipment 25 Furniture and 85 2,200,000 fixtures 36 Electrical 60 2,200,000 equipment 30 Rubber and plastics 62 2,000,000 products 20 Food and kindred 42 1,700,000 products 22-23 Apparel and tixtile 77 1,400,000 products 24 Lumber and wood 46 1,600,000 products Total 664 21,800,000 Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 sq.ft. or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-13 CHARACTERISTICS OF. THE LARGEST INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AREAS DADE COUNTY 1978 Area Opa-Locka Area Hialeah Area Central Unincorporated Dade County Number of Firms Occupied Industrial Space (Sq.Ft.) 177 367 211 8,700,000 3,600,000 7,000,000 Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 sq.ft. or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. 1-D-14 AVERAGE BUILDING TO LAND RATIOS SELECTED MAJOR INDUSTRIAL AREAS DADE COUNTY 1978 Area Percent Coverage Opa Locka Area Hialeah Area Central Unincorporated Dade Airport Area Pompano Beach National Average for industrial Parks 67% 73% 66% 50% 34% 25%-33% Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 sq.ft. or more. Survey may not be fully comprehensive. I-D-15 SUMMARY INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS SELECTED SUB - AREAS OF THE CITY OFMIAMI AND SURROUNDING DADE COUNTY 1977 Map No. Of Occupied Occupied Average Coverage Ratie Key- Location Description • • Firms • Building Area • Land Area (Building AreaLand Area) Sq.Ft. % of Total Acres % of Total City of Miami: 1 Port area 24 445,000 9.1 11.5 6.6 90% 2 Brickell Ave. area 7 117,000 2.4 5.4 3.1 50% 3 Southwest Miami 11. 126,000 2.6 6.3 3.6 46% 4 Coconut Grove 1 20,000 0.4 NA NA NA aS 6 Civic Center Area 63 1,321,000 27.0 55.0 31.8 55% 7 Biscayne Blvd. area 51 1,129,000 23.1 37.0 21.4 70% • 8 Biscayne Blvd. north98 1,734,000 35.4 58.0 33.5 68% Total 254 4,892,000 100.0 173.2 100.0 Nearby Dade County: 19 Airport area 99 3,800,000 45.8 173.0 54.9 50% 18 Miami Springs 127 4,500,000 54.2 142.0 45.1 73% Total 226 8,300,000 100.0 315.0. 100.0 Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. Survey may not be Tully comprehensive. III 111111111111P111111111.1 0 v ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL USERS BY INDUSTRY TYPE SELECTED SUIT - AREAS OF THE CITY OF MIAMI AND SURROUNDING.DADE COUNTY 1977 Transportation - Wholesale Trade) Services-2/ MaoOther �turin� Key Location Description Est.Sq.Ft. :of% Total Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total Est.Sq.Ft. of Total Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total Est.Sq.Ft. X of Iota City of Miami: -- 1 Port area 40,000 9 44,500 10 222,500 50 133.500 30, 2 Brickell Avenue Area 10,500 9 - 22,200 19 85,400 73 3 Southwest Miami 50,400 40 10,080 8 10,080 8 10,080 8 45,360 36 16 13,200 1 6 Civic Center area 317.000 24 92,500 7 700,100 53 211,400 7 Biscayne Blvd. area 350,000 31 101,600 9 451,600 40 225,800 20 8 Biscayne Blvd. north 606,900 35 17,300 1 693,600 40 86,700 5 312.100 18 Total 1,374,800 28 265,980 5 2,100,080 43 752,880 15 370,640 8 Nearby Dade County: 0 1 114.000 3 19 Airport area 1,026.000 27 722,000 19 1,900,000 50 39,000_ 8 315 00000 3 .. 18 Miami Springs 1,710,000 38 585,000 13 1,530,000 - 34 3605 Total 2,736,000 33 1,307,000 16 3,430,000 41 398,000 5 429,000 Note: Square footage figures and percents are rounded and may add to more or less than the totals on table. 1/ Includes -retail trade distribution activities 2/ Includes Auto Repair, Personal, Recreation -and Business Services Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial.suace users with ln,nnn square feet or more: (Coldwell Banker survey may not be fully comprehensive); Gladstone Associates. - ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL SPACE BY RAIL USAGE SELECTED SUB -AREAS OF THE CITY OF MIAMI AND SURROUNDING DADE COUNTY 1977 Map -~ Rail Use No Rail Use Total Key -Location Description Est.Sq.Ft. t of Total Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total City of Miami: 1 Port area 178,000 40 267,000 60 445,000 100 2 Brickell Avenue area 75,000 64 42,000 36 117,000 100 3 Southwest Miami NA NA NA NA 126,000 100 4 Coconut Grove NA NA NA. NA 20,000 100 v 6 Civic Center area 607,700 46 713,300 54 1,321,000 100 °D 7 Biscayne Blvd. area 338,700 30 790,300 70 1,129,000 100 8 Biscayne Blvd. north 901,700 52 832,300 48 1,734,000 100 Total 2,121,100 43 2,644,900 54 4,892,000 100 Nearby Dade County: 19 Airport area - 2,850,000 75 950,000 25 3,800,000 100 18• Miami Springs 1,575,000 35 2,925,000 65 4,500,000 100 Total 4,425,000 53 3,875,000 47 8,300,000 100 Source: • Coldwell Banker Survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. (Coldwell Banker Survey may not be fulily comprehensive); Gladstone.Associates. MMINWPWR • • • ESTIMIATED DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRIAL SPACE BY TENURE TYPE SELECTED SUB - AREAS OF THE CITY OF MIAMI AND SURROUNDING DADE COUNTY 1977 Map - owner -Occupied Renter -Occupied Total Key Location Description Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total Est.Sq.Ft. of Total Est.Sq.Ft. % of Total City of Miami: 1 Port area 365,000 82 80,000 18 445,000 100 2 Brickell Ave. area 44,500 38 72,500 62 117,000 100 3 Southwest Miami NA NA NA NA 126,000 100 4 Coconut Grove NA NA NA NA 20,000 100 v 6 Civic Center area 1,043,600 79 264,200 20 1,321,900 100 7 Biscayne Blvd. area 993,500 .33 135,500 12 1,129,000 100 8 Biscayne Blvd. north 1,352,500 78 381,500 22 1,734,000 100 Total 3,799,100 78 933,700 19 4,892,000 100 Nearby Dade County: 19. Airport area 2,432,000 64 1,368,000 36 3,800,000 -100 18 Miami Springs 180,000 4 4,320,000 96 4,500,000 100 Total 2,612,000 31 5,688,000 69 8,300,000 100 Note: Square footage figures and percents are rounded and may add to less than the totals Source: Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space users with 10,000 square feet or more. (Coldwell Banker survey may not be fully comprehensive); Gladstone Associates. • • 2. Office Development Area ESTIMATED INVENTORY OF OFFICE SPACE, BY AREA DADE COUNTY OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1978 Total Net Percent Square Feet Of Total City of Miami Downtown Miami 3,357,824 29.1% Biscayne Boulevard 792,595 6.9% Brickell Avenue 1,347,796 11.7% Coral Way 114,000 1.0% S.W. 1st Street 78,900 0.7% Total Miami Other North Miami North Miami Beach Miami Beach Coral Gables k South Miami Dadeland and N. Kendall Palmetto Expressway Total Other Miscellaneous Total 5,691,115 49.3% 144,000 175,200 353,614 1,879,849 294,000 765,862 1,245,831 4.858,356 986,885 1. 2.0 3.1°0- 16.3°0 2. 5% �o 6.6% 10.8% 42.1% 8.6% 11,536,356 100.0`: Sourec: The Moss/Fleming Company; Gladstone Associates. I-D-20 Area ESTIMATED OFFICE SPACE VACANCY, BY AREA DADE COUNTY OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1978 City of Miami Downtown Miami Biscayne Boulevard Brickell Avenue Coral Way S.W. 1st Street Total Miami Other North Miami North Miami Beach Miami Beach Coral Gables South Miami Dadeland and N. Kendall Palmetto Expressway Total Other Miscellaneous Total Net Vacant Percent Square Feet Space Vacancy (Sq.Ft.) 3,357,824 215,157 792,595 135,960 1,347,796 37,806 114,000 6,600 78,900 10,000 6.4% 17.2% 2.8% 5.8% 12.7% 5,691,115 405,523 7.1% 144,000 17.5,200 353,614 1,879,849 294,000 765,862 1,245,831 4,858,356 986,885 20,395 4,970 10,514 107,663 47,015 35,197 71,821 297,575 131,850 14.2% 2.8% 3.0% 5.7% 16.0% 4.6% 5.8% 13.4% Total 11,536,356 834,948 7.2% Source: The Moss/Fleming Company; Gladstone Associates. I-D-21 • Area City of Miami Downtown Miami Biscayne Boulevard Brickell Avenue Coral Way S.W. 1st Street Total Miami Other OFFICE SPACE LEASE RATES BY AREA DADE COUNTY OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1978 North Miami North Miami Beach Miami Beach Coral Gables South Miami Dadeland and N. Kendall Palmetto Expressway Total Other Miscellaneous Total Minimum Range Median $6.00-10.50 $6.50- 8.50 $5.00-12.00 $6.00- 9.50 $6.50- 9.27 $5.00-11.00 $7.00- 9.10 $7.50- 9.50 $6.00- 9.50 $6.80- 8.50 $7.25-10.00 $7.00-10.00 $8.00 $7.50 $8.80 $7.50 $8.00 $8.11 $7.50 $7.00 $7.50 $7.50 $7.75 $8.75 $7.50 $7.69 $5.00- 9.60 $8.00 $7.93 Source: The Moss/Fleming Company; Gladstone Associates. • I-D-22 Maximum Range Median $7.00-12.50 $7.00-10.00 S8.50-14.50 56.50-11.25 $7.00- 9,27 $5.25-11.50 $7.25- 9.10 $7.50- 9.50 $6.50-11.25 $7.30- 9.50 S7.50-12.00 S7.50-12.00 $9.50 $8.00 $10.50 $8.38 S8.00 $9.48 $7.50 $7.48 $8.00 S8.38 33.00 S8.75 $8.00 $8.23 $6.00-15.00 33.25 58.85 ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTION OF OFFICE SPACE . BY INDUSTRY TYPE DADE COUNTY 1979 Industry Type Services Legal Services Other Services Total Services Net Leasable Percent Office Space Of Total (Square Feet). 2,185,000 3,105,000 5,290,000 19% 27% 46 % Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Finance • 1,150,000 10% Insurance 1,035,000 9`0 Real Estate' 1,265,000 11% Total Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 3,450,000 30% Other 2,760,000 24% Total 11,500,000 100% Source: Coldwell Banker, The Moss/Fleming Company; Gladstone Associates. I-0-23 ESTIMATED PRIVATE OFFICE CONSTRUCTION TRENDS1/ BY AREA DADE COUNTY TO FALL 1978 (Square Feet) Time Period Prior to Area 1962 1962-1971 1972-1978 City of Miami Downtown 1,352,000 488,600 1,812,200 Brickell Avenue -- 627,350 720,450 Biscayne Blvd. 226,100 361,000 205,400 Other 145,300 201,800 339,200 Total Fall 1978 3,357,800 1,347,800. 792,500 686,300 Sub Total 1,723,400 1,678,750 3,077,250 6,184,400 Suburban Coral Gables 164,500 751,350 964,000 1,879,350 Palmetto 1,245,800 1,245,800 Dadeland-No.Kendall -- 133,800 632,100 755,900 Other 50,000 103,500 . 1,306,900 1,460,400 Sub Total Total Dade County 214,500 988,650 4,148,800 5,351,950 1,937,900 2,667,400 7,226,050 11,536,350 1/Major multi -tenant office buildings (20,000 S.F. or more) Source: The Moss/Fleming Co., Julien J. Studley Inc., Coldwell Banker, The City of Miami, the City of Coral Gables, Gladstone Associates I-D-24 Name/Location Downtown Miami: Flagler Federal 101 N.E. 1st Avenue Hollo Building S.E. 2nd Ave & Miami Ave. Miami Center Ball Point World Trade Center S.W. 2nd St. & 1st Ave. Ball Point Plaza II, III, IV Ball Point Government Center Flagler St. & 2nd Ave. Southeast Bank Building Subtotal Brickell Avenue: Flagship Center 701 Brickell Ave. Of Completion MAJOR NFW OFFICE BUILDINGS PLANNED OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION DADE COUNTY JUNE 1979 Est. Date Net Leasable Area (Square Feet) Jan. 1980 24,000 addition N/A Jan. 1980 120,000 $12 May 1981 693,000 Dec. 1982 450,000 N/A Up to 1989 1,700,000 N/A Early 1983 700,000 N/A July 1984 700,000-1,000,000 N/A Jan. 1980 4,387,000-4,687,000 280,000 $12-16 $12-14 Average Percent Rental Rate Leased Comments (Per Sq.Ft.) 130% 70% 0% N/A 0% N/A -0% Occupancy by Flagler Federal Prime tenant is U.S. Government Prime tenant is Dade Federal. Oriented to international trade. Prime tenant is Count Government Prime tenant is Sout. east Banking Corp. 70% Prime tenant is Flagship Bank Continued . II IIIAIIII111111IiIl1.1I • Name/ Location Brickell Avenue: Forte Plaza on the Bay 1101 South Bay Shore Barnett Center 80') Brickell Ave. Doran Jason 25 S.E. 8th St. Interterra Brickell & Coral Way Caribank 860 Brickell Ave. Mass Mutual 801 Brickell Ave. Subtotal 1,142,000 Coconut Grove: Kolisch Building Sept. 1980 30,000 S.W. 27th Ave 11 Greenwood MAJOR NEW OFFICE BUILDINGS (Continue() PLANNED OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION DADE COUNTY - JUNE 1979 Est. Date Net Leasable Average Percent Of Completion _Area Rental Rate Leased Convents (Square Feet) (Per Sq.Ft.) May 1980 118,000 $12-14 30% May 1980 175,000 $12-14 60% PrimetTe enant ant is flay 1980 85,000 $11-13 20% Feb.1981 184,000 $14-17 20% Prime tenant is Interterra tlarch'1981 100,000 N/A 0% Prime tenant is Caribank Dec. 1981 200,000 N/A 0% $13-15 10% Continued . 3. Retail Activity • • RETAIL SALES, BY TYPE CITY OF MIAMI 1967-1972 (Thousands of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1967 1972 Change, 1967-1972 . Type of Retail Establishment liumber % of Total Number % of Total Number Percent Shoppers Goods General Merchandise Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Sub Total Convenience Goods Food Drug Eating and Drinking Sub Total 284,827 87,869 130,904 503,600 316,269 65,662 150,403 532,334 23.9 7.4 11.0 42.3. 26.6 5.5 12.6 44.7 281,716 108,331 118,874 22.5 8.7 9.5 508,921 40.7 310,442 68,866 171,609 24.8 5.5 13.7 550,917 .44.0 Other Miscellaneous Retail1/ 112,365 9.4 135,719 10.8 Building Materials, Hardware 42,318 3.6 56,084 4.5 Sub Total 154,683 13.0 191,803 15.3 Total 1,190,617 100.0 1,251,641 100.0 1/ Liquor, miscellaneous shopping goods, florists. Source: U.S. Census of Retai-: .:ade Excludes automotive -3,111 20,462 -12,030 23.3 -9.2 5,321 1.1 -5,827 3,204 21,206 18,583 -1.8 4.9 14.1 3.5 23,354 20.8 13,766 32.5 37,120 24.0 61,024 5.1 RETAIL SALES, BY TYPE t•1IAMI CBD, CITY OF MIAMI AND_J)ADE COUNTY 1967-1972 (Thousands of Constant 1978 Dollars) Miami CBD TYae of Retail Establishment 1967 1972 Shoppers. Goods General Merchandise Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Sub Total Convenience Goods v o Food Drug Eating and Drinking Sub Total Other Miscellaneous Retaily Building Materials, Hardware. Sub Total Total 104,174 55,582 9,551 City of Miami Dade County 1967 1972 1967 1972 74,844 284,827 281,716 644,210 904,658 57,444 87,869 108,331 291,812 398,076 7,459 130,904 118,874 220,003 323,606 169,307 139,747 3,429 16,138 17,367 36,934 4,357 19,027 17,117 40,501 503,600 508,921 1,156,025 1,626,340 316,269 310,442 65,662 68,866 150,403 171,609 532,334 550,917 930,112 1,157,506 177,794 223,164 429,171 569,924 1,537,077,1,950,594 26,139 34,817 112,365 135,719 310,883 428,841 NA NA 42,318 56,084 103,699 192,436 26,139 34,817 .154,683 191,803 414,582 621,277 232,380 215,065 1,190,617 1,251,641 3,107,684 4,198,211 1/ Liguor, miscellaneous shopp l goods, Excludes automotive Source: U.S. Census of Retai- ade 1 3 illimiumminFromimmgroarm i • Type of Retail Establishment Shoopers Goods General Merchandise Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Sub Total Convenience Goods Food Drug Eating and Drinking Sub Total DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL SALES, BY TYPE MIAMI CBD, CITY OF MIAt1I AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 Miami CBD as a of Miami City Miami City as a % of Dade County. 1967 1972 1967 1972 36.6 63.3 7.3 33.6 26.6 53.0 6.3 27.5 1.4 27.6 10.0 7.4 44.2 30.1 59.5 43.6 34.0 36.9 35.0 34.6 Other Miscellaneous Retailll 23.3 25.7 36.1 Building Materials, Hardware NA NA 40.8 Sub Total 16.9 18.2 37.3 .Total 19'' 17.2 38.3 31.1 27.2 36.7 31.3 26.8 30..9 30.1 28.2 31.6 29.1 30.9 29.8 1/ • Liquor, miscellaneous shopp:ng goods, florists. Excludes automotive Source: U.S. Census of Retai: rade NUMBER OF RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS, BY TYPE CITY OF.MIAMI 1967-1972 1967 Type of Retail Establishment Number % of Total 1972 Change, 1967-1972_ Number of Total Number Percent Shoppers Goods 4 General Mercwandise 133 4.3 105 2.9 --28. -21.1 Apparel.and Accessories 321 10.5 444 12.2 123 38.3 Furniture, Home Furnishings 272 8.9 376 1.0.3 104 38.2 Sub Total 726 23.7 925 25.5 199 27.4 v Convenience. Goods Food 581 18.9 621 17.1 40 6.9 Drug 139 4.5 128 3.5 -11 -7.9 Eating and Drinking 848 27.6 905 24.9 57 6.7 Sub Total 1,568 51.1 1,654 45.5 86 5.5 Other Miscellaneous Retail1/ 664 21.6 919 25.3 255 38.4 Building Materials, Hardware 110 3.6 135 3.7 25 22.7 Sub Total 774 25.2 1,054 29.0 280 36.2 Total 3,06$ 100.0 3,633 100.0 565 18.4 1- Linuor, miscellaneous shopp 4 (muds, florists. s rce: U.S. Census of Retai tide Excl udes autouioti ve I 1 IIIIIVI1 11 l II�11l�I�IR • • NUMBER OF RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS, BY TYPE MIAMI CBD, CITY OF MIAMI AND MIAMI SMSA 1967-1972 Miami CBD Type. of Retail Establishment 1967 1972 City of Miami Miami SMSA 1967 1972 1967 1972 Shoppers Goods General Merchandise 35 19 133 105 367 356 Apparel and Accessories 143 185 321 444 1,148 1,680 Furniture,, Home Furnishings 20 25 272 376 621 997 Sub Total 198 229 726 925 2,136 3,033 o Convenience Goods w N Food 18 20 581 621 1,395 1,754 Drug 13 12 139 128 348 389 Eating and Drinking 96 104 848 905 2,061 2,452 Sub Total 127 136 1,568 1,654 3,804 4,595 Other Miscellaneous Retail-" 115 181 664 919 1,777 2,551 Building Materials, Hardware NA 4 110 135 338 443 Sub Total 115 185 . 774 1,054 2,115 2,994 Total 440 550 3,068 3,633 8,055 10,622 l/ Liquor, miscellaneous shopp--:a goods, florists. Source: U.S. Census of Reta.i' .-ade Excludes automotive Type of Retail Establishment -Jhoul,i. r s Goods 1.:eut_rti l Flerchandi se Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Sub Total Convenience Goods o' Food Drug Eatinri and Drinking Sub Total DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL ESTABLISHMENTS, BY TYPE MIAMI CBD, CITY OF MIAMI AND M[AMI SF•ISA 1967-1972 tliami CO as a % of Miami -City Miami City as a % of Miami SMSA 1967 1972 1967 1972 26.3 44.5 7.4 27.3 18.1 41.7 6.6 24.8 3.2 9.4 11.5 8.2 36.2 28.0 43.8 34.0 41.6 39.9 41.1 41.2 Other Miscellaneous Retai1l" 17.3 19.7 37.4 Uui I,lirrr► hlrtLerials, Hardware NA 3.0 32.5 Sub Total 14.9 17.6 36.6 . Total 14.3 15.1 38.1 11 I_inuor, miscellaneous shopp-:iu (hauls, florists. Source: U.S. Census of Retai: -ade Excludes automotive 29.5 26.4 37.7 30.5 35.4 32.9 36.9 36.0 36.0 30.5 35.2 34.2 I IR!!RI►IdRNNI ... ... : .Type of Retail Establishment Shoppers Goods General Merchandise Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Subtotal Convenience Goods Food Drug Eating and Drinking Subtotal Other Miscellaneous Retail1/ Building Materials, Hardware Subtotal Total 1972 • TRENDS IN RETAIL SALES, BY TYPE DADE COUNTY T972-1978 (Thousands of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 $ 898,841 $ 991,212 $ 914,485 $ 859,919 $ 843,549 $ 886,297 $ 939,251 $ 371,500 $ 375,957 $ 359,168 $ 355,709 .$ 399,655 $ 429,998 $ 485,702 $ 484,728 $ 528,161 $ 480,318 $ 417,994 $ 389,578 $ 436,408 $ 539,883 $1,755,069 $1,895,330 $1,753,971 $1,633,622 $ 978,809 $1,159,513 $1,522,631 11,631,333 $ 265,516 $ 216,918 $ 216,506 $ 219,302 $ 554,219 $ 595,137 $ 587,632 $ 560,963 $1,798,544 $ 418,483 $ 186,005 $1,971,568 $ 432,802 $ 210,285 $ 604,488 $ 643,087 $4,158,101 $4,509,985 $2,326,769 $2,411,598 $ 440,347 $ 415,730 $ 213,670 -$ 192,600 $ 654,017 $ 608,330 $4,734,757 $4,653,550 $1,632,782 $1,516,345 $ 221,294 $ 591,690 $2,329,329 $ 431,467 $ 187,961 $ 619,428 $4,581,539 $1,752,703 $1,428,496 $ 224,134 $ 631,208 $2,283,838 $ 458,738 $ 193,678 $ 652,416 $4,688,957 1/ Includes liquor, florists, miscellaneous shopping goods. Excludes automotive. Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, from State tax records. $1,964,836 $1,528,184 $ 228,371 $ 692,698 $2,449,253 $ 538,055 $ 207,643 $ 745,698 $5,159,787 Type of Retail Establishment Shoppers Goods General Merchandise Apparel and Accessories Furniture, Home Furnishings Subtotal Convenience Goods Food Drug Eating and Drinking Subtotal Other Miscellaneous Retail1/ Building Materials, Hardware Subtotal Total ANNUAL CHANGE IN RETAIL SALES, BY TYPE DADE COUNTY 1972-1978 (Thousands of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1972-1973 1973-1974 1974-1975 1975-1976 1976-1977 1977-1978 $ 92,371 $(76,727) $(54,566) 4,457 (16,789) (3,459) 43,433 (47,843) • (62,324) 140,261 (141,359) (120,349) 180,704 (48,598) 40,918 173,024 363,118 108,702 (412) 2,796 (7,505) (26,669) $(16,370) 43,946 (28,416) 840 $ 42,748 30,343 46,830 119,921 (114,988) (87,849) 1,992 2,840 30,727 39,518 355,201 84,829 32,269 (45,491) 14,319 7,545 (24,617) 24,280 3,385 (21,070) 38,599 10,930 (45,687) $351,884 $224,772 $(81,207) 15,737 (4,640) 11,097 $(70,332) 27,271 5,717 32,988 $107,418 1/. Includes liquor, florists, miscellaneous shopping goods. Excludes automotive. Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, from State sales tax records. $ 52,954 55,704 103,475 212,133 99,678 4,237 61,490 165,405 79,317 13,965 93,232 $ 470,820 I IIIUIIIlILll • 4. Housing Development: Building Permits Issued, Miami and Dade County, 1970-March 1979 Year 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 N/A N/A N/A 672 723 1,395 1979: January N/A N/A 452 310 762 February N/A March N/A N/A N/A 832 1,209 2,091 • BUILDING PERMIT ACTIVITY CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1970 - FIRST QUARTER 1979 Dade County Miami Single Multi- Single Multi - Family Family Total Family Famil Totalj 140 2,987 3,127 4,791 6;546 11,337 204 4,016 4,220- 7,334 9,381 16,715 175 7,968 3,143 7,757 17,784 25,541 139 5,187 5,326 1,613 13,468 21,081 106 1,277 1,383 5,751 13,117 18,868 87 768 855 2,820 2,716 5,536 154 868 1,022 5,683 2,773 8,456 196 562 758 6,427 5,036 11,463 224 1,031 1,255 8,321 5,974 14,295 Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research. Miami as a % of Dade County Single Multi- Fami1 Famil Total 2.9% 45.6% 27.6% 2.8% 42.8% 25.2 2.3% 44.8% 31.9, 1.8% 38.5% 25.3% 1.8% 9.7% 7.3":• 3.1% 28.3% 15.4% 2.7% 31.3% 12.1% 3.0% 11.2% 6.6% 2.7% 17.3% 8.8% 5. Downtown Development: Major Projects Proposed • MAJOR NEW OFFICE BUILDINGS (Continued) PLANNED OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION DADE COUNTY JUNE 1979 Est. Date Net Leasable Average Percent Name/Location Of Completion Area Rental Rate Leased Comments (Square Feet) (Per Sq.Ft.) Coral Gables: Gables International Nov. 1980 110,000 $10-12 20% . Ponce de Leon & Calabria Merrick Plaza Jan. 1980 46,000 $12-16 Oq Alhambra & Ponce de Leon Davidson Building Jan. 1981 165,000 $12-14 60% Le Jeune & Valencia Katz Building Dec. 1980 40,000 $13-17 0% Ponce de Leon & Minorca Subtotal 361,000 Other Areas Dadeland Towers ,#3 Jan. 1980 120,000 $10-12 20% Dadeland Way 8700 Flagler Street Jan. 1980 120,000 $10 + 50% Prime tenant is Belcher Oil. Executive Office Center Jan. 1980 66,000 $10 + 25% Golden Glades Interchange Sunset Drive and Ludlam Dec. 1979 35,000 $ 9-10 25% Subtotal Total Source: Coldwell Banker; Glad=. ---'rye Associates. 341,000 6,311,000-6,611,000 • • Project Name/Location Public Sector • MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI New Park FEC Property East of Biscayne Boulevard between Bicentennial Park and Port Boulevard. Baptist Housing N. Miami Avenue between N.E. 3rd Street and N.E. 4th Street Federal Court N. Miami Avenue between 3rd Street and N.W. 4th Street James, L. Knight International Center On Miami River just west of the Brickell Avenue Bridge Proposed Use Park 150 units of elderly housing plus 3 two- story office build- ings. 190,000 s.f.,11-story office building Plus renovation of old post office. Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening N/A N/A $13.5 million N/A N/A Early 1982 5,000 seat auditorium, $60 Early 1981 617 room hotel, 30,000 million s.q. shopping complex , 10,000 s.f. of meeting rooms, restaurants, 1,000 car parking garage. (Continued . . • Comments Extension of Bicentennial Park In planning stage For use by Federal Courts and related offices. MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Estimated Proposed _Project Name/Location Proposed Use Cost Date of Opening Cements Public Sector (Cont'd) Fort Dallas Park Urban Park $0.6 N/A To compliment the Along the Miami River million proposed Convention adjacent to Bauder Center. Fashion College Government Center Various City, County $312 Mid 1976 30-acre site. West and North of the and State agencies million on Dade County Courthouse Community Development Project Site is earmarked for $750,000 Early 1980's CD funds are earmark N.W. 3rd Avenue and a mixed use develop- land and for acquisition, N.W. 7th Street ment clearance clearance and relo- cation. Port Expansion Seaport Miami River Specialty Center Miami Riverfront, to N.W. 6th Avenue between Flagler Street and N.W. 2nd Street Channel deepening, building of second causeway, filling 60,000 s.f. of retail, Entertainment, recre- ation, commercial. $100 By 1985 Port revenues are million to amortize bond $130 By 2000 issues. million $ 95 N/A Planning study million (Continued . . ) completed. Project Name/Location Institutional Education Complex N.E. 1st Avenue and N.E. 3rd Street United Methodist Church Biscayne Boulevard and N.E. 4th Street Private Sector UD MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Proposed Use Educational facilities plus senior citizen housing. Church Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening Continents $ 16 million Beginning 1981 Adjacent to present Miami Dade Connnuni t! College building. N/A Late 1979 Plaza Venetia Phase I: 249 residen- $ 23 Mid 1979 Along Biscayne Bay tial units, 40 hotel million North of Venetian Causeway rooms, 30,000 s.f. of shops, 50,000 s.f. health club, plus 200 slip marina, restaurants and clubs. Phase II: 810 residen- $ 64 N/A tial units, 120 hotel million rooms. Phase III: Office and N/A N/A shopping. 380-car parking garage $5 Early 1979 Jefferson Renovation- million Across Biscayne Boulevard from Omni (Continued. . MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAt4I Project Name/Location Private__Sector (Cont'd) New Town -In Town Between Biscayne Boulevard and N.W. 1st Avenue, East- West spur of FECRR and I-395 Sports Arena Just West of Bauder Fashion College Capital Mall Flagler Street between 1st and 2nd Avenue Burdines Renovation Flagler Street and Miami Avenue Columbus/McAllister Hotels Biscayne Boulevard and Flagler Street Galleria International Flagler Street and N.E. 3rd Avenue Proposed Use Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening Residential develop- N/A ment with hotel and other commercial components 18,000-seat indoor arena N/A $35 Early 1982 million Conversion of theater N/A to shopping mall Mixed -use hotel, office and retail complex 45,000 s.f. shopping mall with Latin flavor $3 million $5 million for land $4.5 million Early 1979 1978 N/A 1979 (Continued . . Comments Feasibility study under way. No definite plans at this time 1111 gllllllll111I11111Lw!!.!M1-4I • • (MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Project Name/Location Private Sector (Cont'd) Pan American Property Biscayne Boulevard between N.E. 8th Street and N.E. 7th Street Jose Katz Property N.E. 2nd Street and N.W. 2nd Avenue Caribank Buildings Brickell Avenue between S.E. 8th Street and S.E. 9th Street Mass Mutual Building 801 Brickell Avenue Everglades Hotel Renovation Biscayne Boulevard and N.W. 5th Street Forte Plaza on the Bay 1101 South Bayshore Proposed Use Retail, hotel and office 200-room hotel with retail Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening $20 million $11 million 100,000 s.f. office $8 million 200,000 s.f. office Renovation of 352- room hotel 118,000 s.f. office building N/A $o million $10 million. N/A N/A N/A Early 1982 By 1980 Mid-1980 (Continued . Comments In preliminary design phase. Project Name/Location Private Sector (Cont'd) Brickell Place Phase II 1915 Brickell Avenue Southeast Bank Building Downtown Miami U.S. Justice Building N.E. Corner of South Miami Avenue and S.W. 2nd Street office building MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Proposed Use Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening 995 condominium units $44 million 700,000 s.f. office $23. building million 175,000 s.f. I4-story $5 million By 1984 Late 1979 Comments U.S. Department of Justice and Immigration and Naturalization services are prime tenants. • MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Project Name/Location Private Sector (Cont'd) Miami World Trade Center Air rights above the convention center parking garage, S.W. 2nd Street -abd 1st Avenue Flagship Center Brickell Avenue between S.E. 7th Street and S.E. 8th Street Interterra Building Brickell Avenue and S.W. 13th Street Claughton Island 44-acre island at mouth of Miami River Dupont Plaza Area S.E. 1st Street, S.E. 2nd Avenue and Biscayne Boulevard Proposed Use Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening 450,000 s.f. office $26 Early 1983 building with inter million national trade orientation 280,000 s.f. office building $15 million 184,000 s.f. office $22 building with 10,000 million s.f. of -retail 1-Brickell Key:2,000 residential units plus office, retail, hotel. 2-Claughton:400 room hotel, 650 residential units, 231,000 s.f. office, 33,000 s.f. retail. $67 million $250 million $16-20 million for land Early 1980 1980 1979 on N/A (Continued . . ) Conxnen is Feasibility study complete; financing being sought. I III Ill,llll�glll���., - MAJOR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE S-(CTOR PROJECTS (Continued) PROPOSED FOR DOWNTOWN MIAMI Project 'tame/Location Private Sector (Cont'd) Ball Point/Miami Center 8.46 acres on North side of the Miami River on Biscayne Bay Hanna -Jeffers Property 848 Brickell Avenue Mary Macintosh Building N.E. 3rd and North Miami Avenue Family Finance Building Brickell Avenue just South of S. l0th Street Barnett Center S.W. Corner of Brickell Avenue and S.E. 8th Street Doran Jason Building Off Brickell Avenue Between 7th °A 8th Streets Proposed Use Estimated Proposed Cost Date of Opening Ultimate plan 1.5 million t 200 million 1984 s.f. of office; 400,000s.f. of retail; 5,000 car garage. 1-630 room hotel, 650,450 s:f. office. 2-400-500 condominiums. Office building High-rise office N/A 1981 60 million 1984 N/A N/A $675,000 purchase price 122,128 s.f. of office N/A (addition to existing building) 175,000 s.f. office $20 building with limited million ground floor retail 85,000 s.f. office building N/A (Continued . N/A N/A N/A N/A In preliminary design phase. In preliminary design phase; zoning variance being sought. Zoning being sought. 6. Inventory of Commercial Space, Miami, 1975 INVENTORY OF COMMERCIAL SPACE CITY OF MIAMI 1975 Category of Commercial Land Use Estimated Occupied Floor Area (Sq. Ft.) Manufacturing 12,892,000 Services 3,716,000 Retail Trade 12,401,000 Wholesale Trade 3,383,000 Total 32 ,392 ,000 Source: Planning Department, City of Miami. I-D-45 II. KEY SECTORS OF THE MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA ECONOMY • I • A. Banking BANKING This section -- encompassing both domestic and international banking -- dIscribes the number, type, location, assets and liabilities of Miami financial institutions as well as those in selected comparable cities. Principal emphasis is on commercial banks, the primary source of development and mercantile financing, and to a lesser extent on savings and loans. While mortgage and insurance companies provide a great deal of long- term industrial financing, their local resource base cannot be precisely quantified. Mortgage companies, for example, serve as brokers and in effect assist in the utilization of local bank, savings and loan and credit union resources. Insurance companies -- in their turn -- draw from a national financial base and, as a result, the location of their funds is not pertinent. Key aspects of Miami's role as a major financial center follow: Commercial Banks Commercial banks provide a wide range of services, including check- ing and demand accounts, and short-term loans to businesses and indi- viduals. While large, national companies considering locating in Miami would most likely have their own financial contacts in New York or elsewhere, smaller companies are more dependent on local resources. Thus, the existence of a large and viable commercial banking community is key to the growth and vitality of the Miami economy. II-A-1 In that respect, the strength of Miami commercial banks, reflected in large balances of deposits available for potential loans, underscores the viability of the local banking community. - Deposits in Dade County commercial banks totaled close to $7.02 billion in 1978, an 8.2 percent increase over 1977 deposits. By comparison, Jacksonville's total deposits of $2.13 billion in 1978 was down 1.2 percent from the City's 1977 total. Miami also compared favorably with the npageona.1 increase of 7.8 percent for 1977-1978. - In 1977, per capita deposits in_Miami were $4,421 compared to Jacksonville's $3,039 and Atlanta's $3,746.1/ - Miami's ratio of deposits to gross loans in 1978 of 57 percent was less than Jacksonville's 64 percent and considerably less than the U.S. average of 78 percent. These figures lend credence to the conser- vative reputation of Miami banking institutions. Miami gross loans,for example, are 44.2 percent of their assets compared to 55.3 percent for all U.S. banks. The pattern of loans by type of Miami banks is generally similar to that of Jacksonville banks and U.S.. banks as a total. The greatest proportion of these, 15.8 percent, are to individuals, followed by 13 percent to real estate. For the United States as a total, real estate received 18.5 percent of the loans with 15.8 percent going to individuals. In all three cases commercial and industrial loans are third; however, `p ges aaAthe14 hapiSit ropirtion of these -- 12.6 percent. Most of the banking activity in the metropolitan area is located within the city limits. Twenty-six of Dade County's 37 banks have offices in Miami. Nineteen of those are headquarter facilities. Banks in the City have 66.8 percent of the deposits. There is no restriction, however, on where these resources may be used. (page II-A-9) - Banking is a growth industry. The number of commercial bank employees has gone up by 1,200 since 1975, a 13.5 percent increase. (page II-A-30) 1/ Based on June 1978 deposits and 1977 population figures. II-A-2 The'second major conclusion which can, be drawn from the banking data is a reaffirmation of Miami's international banking reputation. There are four types of Miami banking institutions involved in inter- national banking: domestic banks with international departments; foreign - owned domestic banks, foreign bank representative offices or agencies; and Edge Act affiliates of domestic banks based in other states. The following salient points can be made in that respect: - Miami has more banks in each of these categories than other Florida cities, New Orleans or Atlanta. Miami has 14 foreign banks compared to none .in New Orleans and 12 in Atlanta. Miami has 14 Edge Act affiliates compared to none in Atlanta and two in New Orleans. And, Miami has 12 domestic banks with active inter- national departments compared to less than half that number in comparable Florida cities, Atlanta and New Orleans. (pages II-A-20 to II-A-29) - The number of Edge Act banks and the level of their activity has expanded rapidly since Miami's first Edge Act corporation, Citizens and Southern International Bank. opened in 1969, The annual growth of total liabilities and capital accounts in Edge Act banks peaked between 1973 and 1974 at 72.9 percent. By June 1977, the semi- annual growth rate had stabilized at 7.3 percent. Unfortunately more up-to-date information is unavailable. - The ratio of foreign loans to other types of assets of local Edge Act banks is growing. In June 1977, foreign loans were 40.3 percent of total assets compared to 37 percent in December 1976..(page II-A-26) The future of international banking in Miami will depend, to some extent, on possible changes in the U.S. International Banking Act. Proposed modifications are expected to improve the competitiveness of Edge Act corporations compared to foreign banks. Were these changes initiated,Edge Act banks would also likely become more competitive with local banks. II-A-3 Savings and Loan Associations Savings and loans are the major depository for saving accounts in Dade County and similarly provide most of the residential mortgage loans. Deposits in savings and loans have been increasing by an average of $865.5 million per year since 1974. (page II-A-13) Savings and loans have also been growing as an industry. While the number of savings and loans association in Dade County has remained at 20 for several years, branch offices have grown from 96 in 1974 to 147 in 1978. (page II-A-13) II-A-4 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Services •.- Domestic: International: Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirments: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS BANKING Checking and savings accounts Commercial and consumer loans Trust Management Holding Company 1. issue credit life insurance 2. provide investment advice Financing exporting and importing (supporting trade) Loans to foreign banks or non -financial institutions Loan syndications Money Professional/management Computer programmers Bookkeepers General clerical National banks required to start with $100,000 but actually need much more depending on location. Banks cannot lend more than 10% of capital plus surplus. Most Edge Act banks in Miami start with a minimum $2 million. Major Markets: 1. Individuals 2. Businesses 3. Governments Related Industries: Insurance; real .estate. II-A-5 NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Major Geographic Locations: Major Local Determinents: 1. Shift in assets from securities to loans 1978: (in billions of $'s) Assets 1,329 Demand deposits Loans 789 Time deposits Investments 264 Employment 417 595 1 ,389 1. Generally stable with improved liquidity, increased capital ratios and higher earnings. 2. Real estate loans have been a problem but market is improving. 3. Diversification of loans to foreign countries. Loans will grow more slowly, to 12% over 1978. Investments will grow at a faster rate, about 5 over 1978.. Possibility of national bank -branching could hurt small local banks. Rules against national branching are already stretched. All types: New York, Chicago, San Francisco International: Miami, Atlanta, New Orleans Houston, Los Angeles MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Project Types: Major Markets: Labor. Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Close to clients; i.e. major commercial centers and/or areas readily accessible to foreign countries and therefore foreign markets. Serving international trade as well as typical domestic clients,. (1) Domestic -- consumer loans, real estate, and commer- cial loans. (2) Foreign trade -- financing imports and exports, e.g. through banker's acceptances. (1) Shortage of professionals with banking sophistication. and ability to be aggressive and innovative. (2) Good supply of bilingual clerical and mid -level workers. (1) Basic mathematics, accounting and language courses for existing labor pool. (2) University -level training. II-A-6. Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/ Supply: Current Level of Activity: Recent trends: Future Outlook: Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Limited to office space requirements plus scattered banking offices accessible to customers. (1) Good supply of domestic and foreign deposits as source of loans and investments. (2) Expensive computer equipment needed. Very active -- Stimulated by local real estate activity and foreign trade. Number of Employees (1978) 10,756 Number of Establishments (1978) 97 Payroll (1978) $108 million (International loans were 11% of portfolio for Southeast Banks in 1978 and 25% of Flagship's portfolio.) Growth in foreign deposits and loans, 14 Edge.act banks now in Miami (two added this year). Twelve Miami banks have active international departments and there are 13 foreign banks in'Miami and Miami Beach. New state law allowing intra county branch- ing has resulted in many banks consolidating, including Southeast Banks on July second. Holding companies are becoming redundant. Any approval of national branching will increase competition for Miami's local banks; greater emphases on foreign loans rather than deposit - taking. Possible diversification to Europe and Asia. Federal regulations on foreign banks could be interpreted to allow them to take domestic deposits, making them more competitive. Downtown Miami, Especially 1 Biscayne Tower, Brickell Avenue, Flagler and First and Second Avenues. Outside the City: Evenly scattered; no concentration in any one area. Major Locational Determinents: ito Close to clients; Miamis nearness to Latin America and its Latin tourism and trade have promoted in- ternational banking. II-A-7 Indicator Assets (pillions of current dollars) Loans (billions of current dollars) Investments (billions of current dollars) Demand Deposits (billions of current dollars) Time Deposits (billions of current dollars) Employment (000) Percent Change 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978-1/ 1979?' 1977-781/ 1978-79- 835 919 965 1,031 1,166 1,329 1,462 14 10 495 549 546 595 680 789 884 16 12 189 195 230 251 259 264 277 2 5 310 316 324 337 383 417 44G 9 7 372 432 463 501 556 595 643 7 8 1,164 1,243 .1,275 1,299 1,342 1,339 1,438 4 4 RECENT TRENDS IN COMMERCIAL BANKING UNITED STATES 1973-1979 11 Estimates by the Industry and Trade Administration Source: U.S. Industrial Outlook 1979 from Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Industry and Trade Administration. iu!ii!IUUis ".., Area 1 / COMMERCIAL BANK DEPOSITS DADE COUNTY DECEMBER 31, 1978 (Thousands of Dollars) Time Percent of Total Demand Total for Area Coral Gables $ 162,580 $ 129,209 $ 291,789 4.2% Hialeah 215,550 178,125 393,675 5.6% Homestead 69,712 61,362 131,074 1,9% Key Biscayne 18,814 14,571 33,385 .5% Miami 2,557,219 2,115,849 4,673,068 66.8% Miami Beach 415,015 390,970 805,985 11.5% Miami Shores 22,912 21,691 44,603 .6% Miami Springs 30,969 61,818 92,787 1.3% 1 North Bay Village 62,557 49,089 111,646 1.6`4 North Miami 49,152 64,079 113,231 1.6% North Miami Beach 74,955 81,063 156,018 2.2% Perrine 14,009 16,863 30,872 .5% South Miami 60,668 56,951 117,619 1.7% Total for Area $ 3,754,112 $ 3,241,640 $ 6,995,752 100.Oi, 1/ Banks included in each area may not technically fall within that community's boundaries. In Miami, seven banks, out of a total 35, are actually in unincorporated sections of Dade County. In addition, totals for each bank are listed for the area of the bank's main office although some deposits may be in branches outside the city or community. Source: Florida Banker's Association; Gladstone Associates. I.I-A-9 SMSA Miami Total IPC Only Atlanta Total IPC Only Jacksonville Total IPC Only New Orleans Total IPC Only DEPOSITS IN COMMERCIAL BANKS SELECTED SMSA'S IN THE SOUTHEASTERN U.S. JUNE 30, 1978 (Thousands of Dollars) Total1/ Demand IPC 2/ $6,592,989 $2,517,232 $5,809,404 $6,951,166 $2,921,340 Savings & Time IPC 2/ $3,292,172 Public Public Funds Funds Time & Demand Savings $113,137 $387,913 $2,433,809 $432,610 $469,483 $5,355,149 $2,138,849 $ 853,352 $ 955,775 $ 68,313 $130,278 $1,809,127 $4,595,343 $1,614,496 $1,879,848 $214,086 $561 ,141 $3,494,344 1/ Includes U.S. Government, cashier checks and miscellaneous other deposits not included in any of the categories. 2/ IPC = Independent, Partnership and Company. Source:' Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Gladstone Associates. II-A-10 • PROFILE OF DEPOSITS IN FDIC BANKS MIAMI AND JACKSONVILLE REGIONS DECEMBER 31, 1977 (Thousands of Dollars) Miamil/ JacksonvillJj Dollars % Ch. from 1976 Dollars % Ch. from 1976 Demand Deposits - IPC $2,513,013 14.9% $1,288,714 14.2% Time and Savings Deposits - IPC 3,108,685 7.2% 1,512,079 6.4% Deposits of U.S. Govern- ment 44,567 54.1% 38,718 124.6% Deposits of States and Political Subdivisions 471,778 ( 6.4%) 396,323 16.5% Depostis of Foreign Governments and Institutions 2,679 ( 12.9%) - Deposits of Commercial Banks 239,548 9.8% 132,073 ( 21.4%) Certified Officers Checks 90,743 18.7% 35,515 ( 8.8%) Total Demand Deposits Total Savings Deposits Total Time Deposits Deposits in Foreign Offices TOTAL DEPOSITS Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Other Borrowed Money Other Liabilities TOTAL LIABILITIES 2,950,926 1,788,421 1,731,666 11,947 6,482,960 482,190 7,722 108,074 14.5% 2.6% 8.4% 4.0% 9.3% 32.9% 168.9% 14.910 7,080,946 10.9% 1/ covers 72 banks in Dade County 1 ,616,651 916,271 870,500 3,403,422 180,802 7,149 42,479 9.2% 41.4% 76.3% 10.60 3,633,479 10.6% 2/ covers 117 banks in the following counties: Alucha, Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Duval, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Levy, Madison, Nassau, Putnam, St. Johns, Suwannee, Taylor, Union Source: FDIC, 1977 Bank Operating Statistics II-A-11 COMPARISON OF CHANGES IN LOANS AND DEPOSITS1' •1IAMI SMSA AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA DECEMM1BER, 1977 - DECEMBER, 1978 Miami SMSA Jacksonville SMSA Percent Percent 1977 1978 Change 1977 1978 Change Time Deposits S3,505,463 $3,765,272 + 7.4% $1,094,682 $1,121,078 + 2.4% Demand Deposits S2,975,683 $3,250,004 + 9.2% $1,063,241 $1,011,590 - 4.8' Total Deposits $6,481,146 $7,015,276 .+ 8.2% $2,157,923 $2,132,668 - Loans S3,455,121 $4,042,067 +17.0% $1,205,290 $1,358,896 +12.7% 11 Fioures in 1,000's. Source: Florida Bankers Association; Gladstone Associates. II-A-12 TOTAL SAVINGS IN SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS DADE COUNTY 1974-1978 (In 1,000's) 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 Total Savings $4,404,425 $5,120,796 $5,930,263 $7,029,543 $7,860,529 Number of Savings and Loan Associations Number of Savings and Loan Offices 19 21 20 20 20 96 102 118 135 147 11 Includes only FSLIC -Insured Savings Associations. Source: Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta; Gladstone Associates. II-A-13 MIX OF ASSETS ALL U.S., FDIC - INSURED BANKS DECEMBER 31, 1977 Type of Asset Securities Loans Real Estate Loans Loans to Farmers Commercial and Industrial Loans Loans to Individuals All Other Loans Gross Loans Other Assets Percent of Total 28.7% 18.5% 8.6% 10.9% 15.8% 1.5% 55.3% 16.0% TOTAL ASSETS 100.0% Source: 1977 Bank Operating Statistics, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; Gladstone Associates. II-A-14. enN MIX OF ASSETS, FDIC BANKS MIAMI AND JACKSONVILLE REGIONS DECEMBER 31, 1977 (Percent of Total) Miami 1/ Type of Asset Region Securities 34.05% Loans: Jacksonville 2l Region 30.97% Real Estate Loans 13.01% 15.16% Loans to Farmers 0.19% 1.99% Commercial and Industrial Loans 12.62% 9.28% Loans to Individuals 15.79% 22.34% All Other Loans 1.96% 1.52% Gross Loans Other Assets TOTAL ASSETS 44.17% 21.78% 100.00% 1/ covers 72 banks in Dade County 50.72% 18.31% 100.00'S y covers 117 banks in the following counties: Alucha, Baker, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Dixie, Duval, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Hamilton, Holmes, Jackson, Jefferson, Lafayette, Leon, Levy, Madison, Nassau, Putnam, St. Johns, Suwannee, Taylor, Union Source: FDIC, 1977 Bank Operating Statistics II-A-15 NATIONALLY -CHARTERED BANK OFFICES IN MIAMI JUNE 7, 1979 Bank Name/Address Barnett Bank of Miami 1201 Brickell Ave. 19 W. Flagler St. Central National Tank of Miami 1550 Biscayne Blvd. 1601 Biscayne Blvd. (Omni) City National Bank of Miami 25 Flagler St. Continental National Bank of Miami 1801 SW 1st St. First National Bank of Greater Miami 168 SE 1st St. Flagship National Bank of Miami 631 Brickell Ave. Florida National Bank of Miami 169 E. Flagler St. 1312 S. Miami Ave. Hemisphere National Bank 2195 SW 22nd St. Miami National Bank 8101 Biscayne Blvd. Main Office #1 Total Number Of Offices Holding Company 10 Barnett Banks of Florida, Inc. #1 2 #1 4 #1 1 900 W 49th St. 5 Hialeah 1111 Lincoln 6 Road Mall, Miami Beach #1 7 #1 1 #1 1 II-A-16 Independent City National Bank Corp. Independent Independent Flagship Banks Florida National Banks of Florida Independent Independent (Continued . • 0 NATIONALLY -CHARTERED BANK OFFICES (Continued) IN MIAMI JUNE 7, 1979 Main Total Number Bank Name/Address Office Of Offices Holding Company National Bank of #1 3 Independent Florida 5000 Biscayne Blvd. Pan American National Bank 250 SE 1st St. 16r1 Biscayne Blvd. (Omni) #1 8 Pan American Bancshares, Inc, Peoples Downtown #1 3 Independent National Bank 405 NE 2nd Ave. Republic National #1 2 Independent Bank of Miami 10 NW LeJeune Rd. Royal Trust Bank #1 5 Royal Trust Bank Corp. of Miami 627 SW 27th Ave. Southeast First National Bank 100 S. Biscayne Blvd. #1 9 Southeast Banking Corp. 124 NE 1st Ave. 1699 Coral Way United National Bank #1 4 Independent of Miami 19 W. Flagler St. 44 W. Flagler St. II-A-17 STATE CHARTERED BANK OFFICES IN THE CITY OF MIAMI JUNE 7, 1979 Main Total Number Bank Name/Address . Office Of Offices Biscayne Bank #1 1 348 Biscayne Blvd. Bank of Miami 110 E. Flagler 169 SW 8th St. Holding Company Independent Popular Bancshares Corp. Capital Bank 1666 Kennedy 7 Independent 1000 N W 14th St. Causeway, M.B. 3516 Plain Highway 6013 NW 7th Ave. 145 E. Flagler Central. Bank and #1 2 Central Bancorp Inc. rT ust Company_ 1313 NW"36th St. Coconut Grove Bank #1 2 Independent 2701 S. Bayshore 3400 Main Highway First State Bank #1 8 First State Banking Corp. Of Miami 7900 N.E. 2nd Ave. 57th Ave. & NW 7th St. Intercontinental 930 Washington 8 Independent Bank Avenue, M.B. 3899 NW 7th St. 3651 SW 8th St. Northside Bank of 8390 NW 27th 3 Independent T1i ami Avenue 100 Brickell Ave. Sun Bank of Miami 1300 Ponce de 9 Sun Banks of Florida 60 NW 12th Ave. Leon Boulevard, 1428 Brickell Ave. Coral Gables 1400 N1I 20th St. II-A-18 (Continued . . Bank Name/Address Total Bank 2720 Coral Way 1920 SW 27th Ave. 1730 Biscayne Blvd. ofto STATE CHARTERED BANK OFFICES (Continued) IN THE CITY OF MIAMI JUNE 7, 1979 Main Office #1 Total Number Of Offices II-A-19 Holding Company 4 Totalbank,Corp. of Florida COMMERCIAL BANKS WITH ACTIVE INTERNATIONAL DEPARTMENTS FLORIDA 1979 JACKSONVILLE: Atlantic Bank Barnett Bank of Jacksonville Flagship State Bank of Jacksonville Florida First National Bank of Jacksonville MIAM1I : Bank of Miami Barnett Bank of Miami Central Bank and Trust Company City National Bank of Miami Coconut Grove Bank Flagship Banks, Inc. Miami National Bank Pan American Bank of Miami Peoples Downtown National Bank Republic National Bank of Miami Royal Trust Bank of Miami Southeast First National Bank of Miami TAMPA : Exchange National Bank of Tampa First National Bank of Tampa Flagship of Tampa Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; First Federal of Miami; Gladstone Associates. 1I-A-20 • FOREIGN CONTROLLED BANKS DADE COUNTY 1979 Biscayne Bank (Switzerland) Safra Bank (Switzerland) Sunshine State Bank of South Miami (Panama -Honduras) Bank of Cutler Ridge (Spain) Intercontinental Bank (Spain) Dadeland National Bank (Panama) First National Bank of Greater Miami (Venezuela) Royal Trust Banks (Canada) Caribbean National Bank (Venezuela) Central National Bank of Miami Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; First Federal of Miami; Gladstone Associates. II-A-21 FOREIGN BANKS DADE COUNTY MAY 1979 Banco de la Nacion of Argentina1" (Argentina) Banco de la Provencia of Buenos Aires (Argentina) 0ne Biscayne Tower Banco de Santander S.A. (Spain) 0ne Biscayne Tower Banco do Brazil S.A. (Brazil ' 0ne Biscayne Tower Banco do Est do de Sao Paulo (Brazil) 0ne Biscayne Tower Banco Exterior de Espana-- (Spain) Banco Real S.A. (Brazil) 0ne Biscayne Tower Bank Hapoalim B.M. (Israel) 420 Lincoln Road Bank Leumi Le Israel B.M. (Israel) 407 Lincoln Road Mall Bank of Nova Scotia (Canada) One Biscayne Tower Israel Discount Bank (Israel) 420 Lincoln Road II-A-22 (Continued . FOREIGN BANKS (Continued) DADE COUNTY MAY 1979 Lloyds Bank International Ltd. (Great Britian) One Biscayne Tower Standard Chartered Bank Ltd., (Great Britain) One Biscayne Tower Royal Trust Banks (Canada) 701 S.W. 27th Avenue Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; Gladstone Associates. II-A-23 I1I11111III II11MII 11111111 1 EDGE ACT BANKSI/ DADE COUNTY JUNE, 1979 The Bank of America International of Florida 1000 Brickell Avenue Bank of Boston International of Miami 100 North Biscayne Boulevard Banker's Trust International(Miami) Corporation One Biscayne Tower, Suite 2300 2 South Biscayne Boulevard Chase Manhattan International Banking Corporation 250 Biscayne Boulevard Way Citizens & Southern International Bank 1101 Brickell Avenue,7th Floor Continental Illinois National Bank & Trust Co.. 888 Brickell Avenue First National City Bank Interamerica 1 Southeast Third Avenue Irving Interamerican Bank 169 East Flagler Street 17th Floor Manufacturers Hanover 100 Biscayne Boulevard, 24th Floor Marine Midland Interamerican Bank 1 Biscayne Tower, Suite 330 Morgan Guaranty International Bank of Miami One Biscayne Tower Northern Trust Interamerican Bank 700 Brickell Avenue Republic New York International. Banking Corp. 100 Biscayne Boulevard, 25th Floor Wells Fargo Interamerican Bank 700 Brickell Avenue 1/ An Edge Act Bank is an international subsiiiary of a domestic bank. Under the Edge Act, a U.S. bank is allowed to establish offices in other states for the sole purpose of financing international trace and finance. Euye Act banks can take foreign deposits but not domestic ones. They can make both foreign and domestic loans. The act is now being revised in a way expected to increase the number of Edge Act banks. Proposed revisions which will probably be approved include reducing capital requirements and allowing Edges to handle all banking business (i.e., can have demand accounts) for companies whose buiness is two thirds international - related. Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; Gladstone Associates. II-A-24 SELECTED ACCOUNTS OF EDGE ACT CORPORATION LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL r DADE COUNTY 1973-1977 (millions of dollars) December December December December June 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 Foreign IPC1/ $24.5 $35.8 $55.2 $76.8 595.8 Demand Deposits Foreign IPC $71.9 $165.7 $212.3 $285.6 $288.1 Time Deposits Other Liabilities $76.8 $99.7 $152.8 $166.2 $159.0 Capital Accounts $28.7 $47.8 $52.2 S59.5 588.3 (Stock, Surplus and Undivided Profits) Total Liabilities $ 201.9 $349.0 $472.5 $588.1 5631.2 and Capital Percent Annual Growth Rate, Total Liabilities and Capital Accounts 72.9% 35.4% 24.5% 7.3%2/ 1/ IPC = individuals, partnerships and corporations. �1 Semiannual Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Economic Review; Gladstone Associates. • II-A-25 Assets EDGE ACT ASSETS DADS COUNTY 1973-1977 December December December December June 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 Loans to Other Than Directly Related Institutions Foreign 31.9% 36.5% 36.7% 37.0% 40.3% Domestic 13.5% 12.0% 11.1% 7.5% 9.2% Deposits Due From And Loans to Directly Related Institutions In Foreign Countries 12.7% In U.S. Other Assets Including Reserve Requirement and Customer Liabili- ties and Acceptancs Outstanding 12.4% 15.0% 13.5% 13.1% 14.9% 18.8% 20.2% 17.1' 28.8% 24.2% 18.4% 21.8% 21.6% Total Assets 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Source: Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; Gladstone Associates. II-A-26 INTERNATIONAL BANKING ATLANTA SMSA JULY, 1979 Foreign Banks 12 (see separate list) Edge Act Affiliates None Banks with Active International Departments 1. First National Trust Company 2. Citizens and Southern Internaational (has an Edge Act affiliate in Miami and New Orleans) 3. Fulton National Bank (small) 1 4. National Bank of Georgia (small) Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; Georgia Banking Department; Gladstone Associates. II-A-27 FOREIGN BANKS IN ATLANTA MAY, 1979 Bank Nationality Type of Office 1. Algemene Bank Netherlands Agency Netherlands 2. Bank of Brazil Brazil Representative 3. Bank of Nova Scotia Canada Agency 4. Bank of Tokyo Japan Representative 5. Barclays Bank Great Britain Agency International, Ltd. 6. Canadian Imperial Canada Agency 7. Commerzbank West Germany Agency A.G. Frankfurt 8. Credit Suisse Switzerland Agency 9. Lloyds Bank Great Britain Agency International, Ltd. 10. Swiss Bank Corp. Switzerland Agency 11. Toronto Dominion Canada Agency 12. Union Bank of Bavaria .West Germany Representative Source: U.S. Comptroller of the Currency, Atlanta Office; Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta; Gladstone Associates. II-A-28 INTERNATIONAL BANKING NEW ORLEANS JULY,'1979 Edge Act Affiliates 1. Citizens and Southern International 2. Bank of New Orleans (based in Atlanta) Foreign Banks None 1/ Banks with Active International Departments 1. Hibernia National Bank 2. First National Bank of Commerce 3. Bank of Mew Orleans?! 1/ State legislature passed bill prohibiting foreign banks but the governor was expected to veto it. 2/ Phasing out its international department except for basic services because of bad loan experience to Latin countries. Source: Federal Reserve Bank of Memphis; Louisiana Banking Department; Gladstone Associates. II-A-29 TREND IN AVERAGE NUMBER AND WAGES OF BANK EMPLOYEES DADE COUNTY FIRST QUARTERS 1975-1979 Number of Employees 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 8,900 9,200 9,500 9,700 10,1001/ Average Annual Wage $9,209 $9,581 $10,037 $10,649 N/A Average Annual Increase in Number of Employees = 300 Greatest Annual Increase in Number of Employees = 400, Between 1978 and 1979. 1/ Preliminary estimate; may be adjusted. Source: Florida State Employment Service; Gladstone Associates. II-A-30 B. Trade and Transportation • • AMIMMINIP TRADE AND TRANSPORTATIOM .Past trends pertaining to Miami international trade and transportation services and current levels of activity (freight and passenger) at the Port of Miami and Miami International Airport are set, out here. Limited data availability, coupled with the dynamic nature of the local trade sector; reduces the ability. to fully quantify and analyze recent patterns in these areas. With respect to retail trade, for example, information is available only for Dade County as a whole; comprehensive information on City retailing will not be released until publication of the 1977 Census of Retail Trade late this year. And even these data will not allow treatment of the. impact of Latin shoppers in the City,. a very recent and important factor in the local trade sector. In the area of international trade, similar data problems are encountered. Accurate information about the origin of manufactured goods leaving Miami terminals or goods manufactured in Miami for shipment abroad not available. The United States Department of Commerce, the most comprehensive and reliable source of information on the movement cf commodities in international trade, maintains only "pass through" statistics (by gross value of shipments). There is, as yet, no effective way to identify goods made in Miami for export if they are shipped out through another customs district. Similarly, goods made in Miami and exported through the Miami Customs District (32) are undifferentiated from goods made outside Miami if they are transported here and then exported through the same customs district. This restricts the identification of commodities traded specifically in the Miami market (either imported hers or local use or made locally for export), but it does indicate which countries are Miami's II-B-1 major trading partners. Puerto Rico, however, which purchased 3800 million worth of Florida goods in 1976, is not included in U.S. Cepartment of Commerce records because of its Commonwealth status. Very recent and detailed data on international trade is important to a full understanding of the industry and of the Miami economic base due to the rapid growth of this sector in recent years (exports increased 214 percent during the 1970-1976 interval). Several major conclusions can be drawn, however, from the available data. Retail Trade (pages II-B-6 to II-B-8) 1. The retail trade industry is a major employment sector of the Miami economy. The City -- and notably the Central Business District -- functions as a major nucleus of retail, particularly for comparison goods, opportunities, within the region. In the County as a whole, over 118,600 persons are employed in retailing. 2. Latin visitors comprise a significant source of demand for • City retailing activities, spending an estimated 31,000 each per visit. 3. A possible recession, resulting in reduced consumer purchas- ing power, may inhibit growth in domestic retail markets both at the national and local levels. Moreover, continued decentralization of the local retail industry is expected, particularly in view of rapidly rising fuel costs and continuing population suburbanization. • Therefore, the continued strength and vitality of the Central area and City-wide retailing rests on specialized merchandising oriented to local resident, worker and visitor markets. Transportation (pages II-B-9 to II-B-18) 1. The Port of Miami employs approximately 1,200-1,500 people and has an estimated impact on the Miami area of 5500 million. The volume of tonnage handled at the Port has. grown from one-half million in 1969 to 1.9 million in 1973, and passenger loading rose from 200,000 to one million over the same time frame. II-B-2 1 2. The Port is located directly adjacent to the Miami C30 and therefore has a large impact on the City. Port related activities account for a significant number of jobs within the City in such areas as shipping, trucking, and distribu- tion classes. These jobs extend beyond the Port itself and reflect the larger distribution role played by the City for both the metropolitan area and, more broadly, South- eastern Florida. 3. Proposed 5220 million improvements will expand nearly all Port facilities by the year 2000. These improvements are expected to support increased levels of Port activity by the end of the century. Based on a multiplier of 2.5, the,Port is expected to generate 53.8 billion per year in Dade County by the year 2000. 4. The Miami International Airport, although located at the fringe of the City, exerts a strong influence on City business activities. An estimated 35,000 jobs are directly related to the Airport. An additional 35,000 jobs are created indirectly. The total economic impact of the facility is estimated at S3 billion annually. 5. A 555 million expansion of the Airport, including a new customs and immigration area which will effectively triple the amount of space available for processing international arrivals, is already underway, and other improvements are planned. 5. The Miami Free Zone, now just Setting underway at a Cade County location about 4 miles west of the Airport, combined with the 525 million World Trade Center planned for down- town, will further strengthen trade activities at both the Airport and the Seaport. International Trade (pages II-B-9 to II-B-18) While many of the import/export activities associated with the Airport are being attracted to locations outside the City of Miami, a si.niicant level of these functions are locating within City limits. In addi:ip support banking,. insurance and related activities are frequently lcca et. in the City, particularly in the downtown-3rickell area. Increased Air- port operations in the future will strengthen the City.'s role in this respect. II-B-3 Specifically, the following major points can be made with regard to international trade activities in the Miami area and in Ether competitive locations: 1. The value of exported goods from Customs District 52 exceeds that of imports, due largely to activity at the Port of Miami. Examination of Port records shows that the volume of high value export tonnage exceeds that for import cargo in Miami by a margin of over 55 percent. This is not true for the other area ports. '(Port Everglades, the largest and deepest port in the region, is engaged primarily in the off-loading of imported petroleum.) Seventy percent of :he Port of Miami's cargo business is exports; exports value over imports is 32.25/pound. 2. Major exports from Customs District 52 consist of machinery, transportation equipment, electrical machinery, textiles, clothing, and medical equipment and mechanical products. (Notably absent are the bulk shipments which characterizes other Florida ports, especially Tampa and Jacksonville.). 3. The 10 major commodities which represent over 50 percent of the volume handled by the Port of Miami are machinery, food and kindred products; stone/clay/vitreous and glass, steel products, fabricated items and paper products. (These are primarily high value manufactured products.) Port of Miami,lea"ds Florida ports in dollar value of cargo. 4. The major markets for South Florida exports are in Latin America, and 33 percent of all South Florida exports go to Venezuela, largely in the form of manufactured. goods. Thirty-one percent of all U.S. exports to Latin America in 1978 went through South Florida terminals as compared to 20 percent in 1972. 5. Exports from the Miami Customs District to the Bahamas, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica (second to Latin America as principal markets) consist mainly of manufactured goods shipped by air. 6. Current real growth rates for the international trade sector of South Florida's economy are estimated at 13.7 percent annually. While 32 percent of Dade County firms engaged in export by air in 1976, there was little associated value added in the local economy as most of the commodities were in transit ("pass through".) 7. Exports from the Tampa Customs District to Japan, 3razil, India, Pakistan,'and the Middle East are primarly phosphate, although Japan is also a large purchaser of citrus. II-B-4 8. Phosphates and related products account for nearly half the total tonnage (approximately 20 million tons) moved through the Port of Tampa.. (It is the number one phosphate exporting port In the world.) Foreign automobiles (particularly from Japan) enter the U.S. more frequently through Jacksonville than any other port. 9. Exports from both Miami and Tampa to Europe are relatively. small, but show steady growth. Potential growth in European markets (due in large part to the declining value of t^e dollar) for South Florida goods is excellent and has ;,n y recently been recognized. II-B-5 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Type: Major Processes: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: NATIONAL SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS RETAIL TRADE Shoppers goods, convenience goods, services, food and beverage. (1) Chain stores; independent stores. (2) Department stores; specialty stores. Primarily unskilled clerical labor. Fixtures and real estate. Local population base. Agriculture; non -durable and durable goods manufacture; wholesale trade. GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Sales (1978) Total Employment (1978) No. of Establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) $780 billion 14.4 million 1.2 million $84.9 billion Sales and employment have been rising since the recession. Industry competition is increasing. Consumers have continued to borrow heavily despite high interest rates. Among the now rapidly in- creasing retail categories is eating and drinking. 1979 should be a difficult year for retailers because of increasing competition, high interest rates and resulting decreased levels of purchasing power, and inflation. Retailers will increasingly compete on the basis of service and quality. Continued interest in non -metropolitan sites in "new Markets" is expected, along with a scaling -down of major store sizes. In- creased use of OCR (optical character recognition ) labeling and wands in point -of -sale cash registers is also anticipated. The rapid growth of the eating and drinking component may give rise to the inclusion of "eating out" opportunities within traditional grocery stores. Furniture store sales are expected to rise significantly due to the increasing number of dual residence households and single-family residences. Drug stores are expected to diversify more in the future, in response to increasing competition from general merchandise and supermarket chains in their traditional lines of merchandise. In apparel and shoe lines, increased use of imported merchandise is expected. II-B-6 Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: 'Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Minimal real growth is forecast for these lines and also for food retailing. The major area of export potential is the fast food category. Major market areas of export are Canada, the U.K., Australia and Japan. Smaller markets are the Caribbean and Mexico. Hamburgers, pizza, chicken and steak are the most popular items; potential markets in Western Europe also appear receptive to Latin food. Populated areas; concentration of retail activity in major metropolitan areas. Near markets. Shoppers goods, convenience goods, services, food and beverage. Domestic (local) and Foreign (Latin). Large need for clerical help. Primarily on-the-job. Selling and storage area. In Dade County, there were 8,338 establishments with 118,620 employees and an estimated $943 million payroll in 1978. Total retail sales for the same year were $5.2 billion. In the City of Miami, as of 1972, there were 4,659 establishments with 28,639 employees and a payroll of $975 million, in 1978 dollar terms. Retail sales in that year were $6.3 billion in 1978 dollars. Metropolitan area sales have been rising, and increasing shares are accruing to suburban locations. Since 1972, the proportion of sales attributable to general merchan- dise, furniture, and drug stores has declined; the proportion attributable to apparel and accessories, miscellaneous retail goods, and food stores has increased. Increasing levels of sales in many areas, particularly the downtown area, are going to Latin shoppers. Latin tourists spent an average of $1,030 each, per visit in 1976. It is estimated that Latins spent approximately $285 million in the Miami area in 1974 and about.5590 million in 1976. The most popular items for Latin shoppers are clothing and shoes, domestic 000ds and II-B-7 Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: cosmetics. Downtown Miami (including Omni), Miami Beach, Dadeland, Coral Gables and the Airport are all areas which attract Latin shoppers. Downtown (est. 1.8 million sq.ft.) Omni International (1.0 million sq. ft.) Coconut Grove (est. 237,000 sq.ft., specialty and eating and drinking orientation) Outside the City: Miami Beach - Lincoln Road (est. 483,000 sq.ft.) Coral Gables Business District (est. 668,000 sq.ft.) Dadeland (1.1 million sq.ft.) Cutler Ridge (1.3 million sq.ft.) Midway Mall (700,000 sq.ft.) Bal Harbor .(309,000 sq.ft.) Hialeah (950,000 sq.ft.) Westland (1,000,000 sq.ft..) 163rd Street (1.1 million sq.ft.) Major Locational Determinents: Near markets. II-B-8 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Process(es): Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Related Industries: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS TRANSPORTATTON (1) international commodities movement (2) domestic commodities movement (3) passenger travel (1) air travel/transport (2) sea travel/transport (3) rail travel/transport (4) highway (auto/truck) travel/transport (5) pipeline transport Seaports, airports, highways, rail lines, trucking terminals, energy Large need for generally unskilled labor Considerable public expenditure for facilities is required Tourism, freight forwarders, commodity brokers, manufacturing, banking, communication , maintenance and repair construction, shipbuilding. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Ton -miles of freight movement (1978) (excludes all but inland waterways) Employment (1976) Number of establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) - 2,349 billion 2,176,739 117,719 $28.9 billion Airline passenger movement is increasing; airline freight movement leading freight movement increases, followed by trucking. Railroad usage has been remain- ing relatively constant. Trucking and airline freight movement are expected to continue to increase. Airline passenger movement is expected to continue to rise but at more moderate rates. II-B-9 Major Geographic Locations: New York, Chicago, San Francisco, (Miami, Boston. Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Access to good transportation system; access to markets Passenger travel (cruise ships/air);imported commodities; exported commodities Latin America and the Caribbean Bilingual staff availability is a distinct Miami asset. Language. Seaport - two additional passenger terminals planned which will expand number of berths for cruiseships from 8 to 13. In the future, it is projected that 90% port's cargo will be shipped by containers: 50% by trailer roll-on/roll, and 40% by container lift- on/lift-off. (Port now has 10 intermodal ship berth facilities.) As of 1977, level of containerization for port was 17%, most of which was roll-on/roll-off. Currently have 20 truck -mounted mobile cranes, plus a large gantry crane expected to begin operation in the, Fall. Bond issue expected to fund major new gantry crane did not sell and this is a setback for containization expansion plans. Airport three 7-story parking garages now accommodate 5,400 cars 50 cargo aircraft ramp positions 20 warehouse buildings (most space concentrated in 7 building International Airport Complex). 93 passenger gates II-B-10 Resource and Materials Needs/ Supply: Current Level of Activity: Current expansion projects include: runway extension, construction of distant low cost parking served by bus (underway),construction of 160,000 sq.ft. cargo building with airside access for eight wide -body planes (underway), $2.6 million facelift project (to be completed 11/79) consisting of facade moderni- zation, extension of curbside drop-off facilities, improved signs, and waiting room renovations. S55 million international facilities extension is also now in progress: a five -story structure,FIS (Federal Inspection Service) building will include a new Customs and Immigration area and be linked to the International Satellite Terminal by a passenger shuttle. This project will effectively triple the amount of space now available for processing international arrivals. Considerable public funds for expansion and moder- nization of facilities. Very active. 32% of all Dade County firms are in- volved in export. South Florida exports expanded from $1.02 billion in 1972 to $4.5 billion in 1978. (214% since 1970). 31% of all U.S. exports to South America pass through South Florida Terminals. (An 11% increase over 1972). 34% of all South Florida exports go to Venezuela. Seaport - 64% of the total value of the sea- port comprised of exports, mostly containarized. Tonnage volume at port has tripled in the past 12 years. Total tonnage for 1977 was 1,711,535. Annual growth rate of port is estimated at 14%. 1975 level of direct employment in Dade County engaged in international transactions is 21,107, representing a 100% increase over 1968 in the proportion of total employment involved in this sector. Airport - 16,500,738 passengers in 1978 of whom T0.6 million were domestic and 6 million were international. (Miami International Airport is second busiest U.S. international gateway). For the 12 month period ending 3/1979 - an increase of 21.9% was recorded in domestic travel, 20.5% in international. Rate of growth was 11% increase in passenger travel in 1978; 15% increase in international cargo volume in 1978; 13% increase per year in cargo volume. 513,000 tons of cargo shipped in 1978 (75% of which was international cargo); 35,000 people employed at airport; payroll $500 million (or 25% total for Dade County); economic impact on Dade County economy estimated at S3 billion. Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Opening of Miami Free Zone: Largest facility of its kind in the hemisphere. It will contain a permanent exposition center and modern computer- ized warehouses. Majority of goods passing through the zone will be received. and shipped by air. Foreign and domestic merchandise (largely for export to Latin America) will be moved into the zone for storage, assembly or processing where it is not subject to customs duty unless shipped to markets within the U.S.. Miami Free Zone is unusual in that it is operated for profit. Most of its 130 tenants are companies who do business in Latin America and find a Miami distribution base to be well located. Miami Free Zone offers them a multitude of services (like computerized inventory, security and translation services) plus an ideal location for Latin American export.operations. Proposed World Trade Center: Designed to centralize international trade functions in single. downtown building. Several proposed sites in the convention . center vicinity. Latest proposal calls for it to be built in air rights on top of City parking garage near the convention center, whose structural strength- ening will be financed by $5-S8 million of City funds. Major stumbling block to date has been in locating a "Primary" or "anchor" tenant for proposed building and the fact that most prospective tenants are already adequately housed or planning to relocate to buildings now or to be shortly under construction. Continued "boom" in international trade with expanded activity involving Latin America. Expansion of sea- port and airport underway to accommodate increased pas- sengers and freight activity. Free Trade Zone will be very active. Employment associated with interna- tional trade expected to represent 22`; of total for Dade County by 1980. Will continue to grow. Projections for 1985 estimate South Florida exports will be valued at $10 billion. Demand for U.S. goods will remain particularly strong in Venezuela, Columbia and Mexico with potential for considerable growth in Brazil. Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Brickell Avenue, Downtown, near the airport. Outside the City: Coral Gables. Competitive Cities: New Orleans, Tampa, Atlanta. II-B-12 Major Locational Determinents: Good telecommunications systems, access to inter- national finance institutions, proximity to air- port/seaport. II-B-13 PORTS: SUPPORTIVE AND DISTRIBUTIVE FUNCTIONS Banking (Edge Act/ International) Cargo Documentation Cargo Insurance Comrnodi ty Brokers Customs Brokers Shipyard Drydock (dockside or inside ship repairs) Marine Services maintenance and repair • diesel engine radio equipment intermodal equipment refrigeration. equipment electrical services welding cleaners and laundry pest control painting underwater services Ship Chandlers and Suppliers Ii-B-14 Government channel and harbor improvements customs safety programs research promotion regulation Crane Companies Stevedoring Towing (water carriage) Pilots Warehousing Land Feeder Services freight consolidators rail motor carriers DESTINATION AND VALUE— OF EXPORTS FROM TAMPA2/ AND MIAMI CUSTOMS DISTRICTS 1974-1977- 1974 Destination South America Columbia 14 80 12 94 12 106 16 143 Venezuela 16 357 7 555 14 883 18 1,216 Chile 54 18 19 25 8 25 3 33 .8razil 132 138 158 89 114 101 129 91 All Other Countries 24 141 47 203 31 248 29 337 Total: 240 734 243 966 179 1,363 195 1,820 1975 Tampa 1976 1977 Tampa Miami Miami Tampa Miami Tam a Miami North America Canada 32 23 55 28 35 22 40 25 Mexico 15 17 46 26 16 24 18 16 Bahamas 7 179 6 157 .65 170 .17 194 .- Jamaica 10 106 7 114 5 84 1 68 '1 All Other Countries 35 771 37 828 32 1,152 68 1,375 W Total: 99 1,096 151 1,153 89 1,452 127 1,678 Europe 2 Sweden 7 9 21 .6 12 2 13 United Kingdom 21 37 36 26 43 34 47 39 France 54 14 65 20 77 7 74 11 West Germany 36 5 50 21 54 6 -- -- All Other Countries 151 28 282 40 274 29 387 37 Total: 269 93 454 108 461 78 521 89 Asia12 Japan 120 12 114 14 99 15 91 11 Iran 16 .3 71 8 11 4 20 Israel 1 9 .8 5 .6 .8 .9 .8 India 32 .1 118 .1 29 .3 60 .2 All Other Countries 93 5 115 27 124 57 91 82 Total: 262 26.4 419 65 264 97 263 106 l/ In millions of dollars. 3iCustoms District.18:.Tampa, Jacksonville, Fernandina, Boca Grande, Orlando, St. Petersburg, and Port. Canaveral. — Customs District 52: Miami, Port Everglades, Key West, Fort Pierce and West Palm Beach. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Schedule of Imports by Country -Customs District 18 and 52; Gladstone Associates 1 (Conti l ed . . .) DESTINATION AND VALUE'/ OF EXPORTS FROM TAMPA2/ AND MIAMI CUSTOMS DISTRICTS (Continued) 1974-1977 1974 1975 1976 1977 Destination Tampa Miami Tampa Miami Tampa Miami Tampa Miami Africa 19 8 36 9 63 6 120 1 Australia/Oceania 1.7 9 5.7 13 5 2 7 co 2, TOTAL OF ALL EXPORTS 891 1,958 1,308 2,315 1,060 2,998 1,233 3,705 1/ In millions of dollars. 2/ Customs District 18: Tampa, Jacksonville, Fernandina, Boca Grande, Orlando, St. Petersburg and Port. Canaveral. 3/ Customs District 52: Miami, Port Everglades, Key West, Fort Pierce; and West Palm Beach. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Schedule of Exports by Country of Destination - Customs Districts 18 and 52: Gladstone Associates. 2.5 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN— AND VALUE OF IMPORTS TO SOUTH FLORIDA?' 1978 Amount In Country of Origin Millions of Dollars Columbia 174 Italy 93 Costa Rica 92 Nicaragua 84 Canada 83 Haiti 78 Japan 77 Venezuela 72 Germany 64 Honduras 57 United Kingdom 57 Guatemala 57 Dominican Republic 55 El Salvador 53 Bahamas 48 All Other Countries 515 Total Amount of Imports 1,658 1/ Excludes the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico 2! Refers to Customs District 52: Miami, Port Everglades, Key West, Fort Pierce and West Palm Beach. Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Schedule of Imports by Country - Customs District 52; Gladstone Associates. II-B-17 COUNTRY OF DESTINATION ANDS VALUE OF EXPORTS FROM SOUTH FLORIDAN 1977 Destination Amount In Millions of Dollars Venezuela 1,216 Bahamas 194 Guatemala 175 Peru 173 Costa Rica 166 Netherland Antilles 149 Columbia 143 Dominican Republic 134 Panama 133 El Salvador 123 Trinidad & Tobago 121 Nicaragua 107 Haiti 103 Honduras 100 Paraguay 91 All Other Countries 747 Total Amount of Exports 3,705 1/ Excludes the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Refers to Customs District 52: Miami , Port Evcrfildldr,-,, Yt-y to•.1 , Fort Pierce and West Palm 3each. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Schedule of Exports by Country of Destination, Customs District 52; Gladstone Associates. II-B-18 ork C. Tourism TOURISM The scale$and character of Miami's tourist industry has been eval- uated and compared with Orlando and other cities in the southeastern United States. The data analyzed in this respect are based on the results of a Florida Division of Tourism random sample survey of visitors leaving the state by automobile on five major highways and visitors on outgoing flights at major airports. 21 Principal conclusions are: - Miami continues to attract increasing numbers of visitors. In 1978 more than 4.1 million persons made temporary stays in Dade County, an almost one million gain over 1970. But Miami area's share of visitors to the state declined to 12.9 percent .in 1978 from 14.3 percent in 1970. The typical visitor to Dade County in 1978 spent $40 per day qd C-1sta5� ed almost nine days. (pages II-C-8, II-C-10, and - Airline travel is now the major form of transportation for visitors, a reversal of the 1970 pattern. In 1978, 70 percent of Dade County visitors arrived by air, a fact that may enable the area's tourist industry to withstand any future energy crisis. (page II-C-8) - About one-third of Miami's visitors are from the northeastern United States or Canada. While less tfian 5 percent are from foreign countries other than Canada, the number of these visitors is growing rapidly. Visitors from Venezuela, for example, increased 37.5 percent from 1976 to 1977. pages II-C-12 and II-C-13) - Not all visitors are tourists. Less than one-half of Dade County's visitors in 1978 came on vacation exclusively. Almost one-third were in the County on busi- ness when responding to surveys conducted by the Florida Division of Tourism. (page II-C-14) 1/ These numbers vary significantly from those compiled by the Miami - Metro Tourism Office which used data such as arrivals at Miami International Airport. II-C-1 Conferences and conventions attracted approximately 8.4 percent of the area visitors. Miami itself had 214 con- ventions and conferences with more than 100,000 delegates attending in 1973. Each delegate to a convention in 1978 was estimated to have spent $55 per day for an average four -day stay. The estimated number of conventions for this year, 1979, is down slightly, possibly the result of boycotts because of the state's failure to pass the ERA. (pages II-C-14 and II-C-21) The number of Miami conventions should increase substantially with the opening of the Miami Hyatt -Knight Convention Center by January 19137. The Miami Convention Bureau is now taking bookings for the new center and has already lined up two major conventions. The Bureau is projecting as much as a 50 to 75 percent increase in convention business as a result of the centers availability. Disney World remains the undisputed leader of Florida attractions. Many foreign visitors come through Miami enroute to Orlando. Should regularly scheduled interna- tional service begin at Orlando International Airport, Miami may be bypassed by those visitors. Local tourist attractions do a moderate business and report increasing attendance figures. The Miami Seaquarium, Parrot Jungle and Viscaya were among the top 10 attractions in the state for air travel visitors in 1978. But their attendance is well under the 11 million -plus visitors to Disney World in 1978 and several million who visited Busch Gardens in Tampa and Sea World in Orlando. (pages II-C-16 to II-C-15) One advantage Miami does have in the way of tourist attractions is its retail businesses. Forty-one percent of South American visitors questioned in a summer 1976 poll said they were in the Miami area to shop. The typical Latin American visitor spends approximately S1,000 per person per trip on retail purchases. Anyone who stays one night in the Miami area is considered a visitor and has an impact on the local economy. This includes both the winter resident and the person making a connection to a cruise ship. Therefore, information on rental apartments and condominiums is included in this report along with data on hotels and motels. The following observations are based on these data. II-C-2 tiwN - Although the number of hotel/motel and rooming house lodging nits in Dade County has declined since 1977, the number of rental units has gone up. This probably results in part from an increase in seasonal residents compared to short-term visitors. Figures on length of stay are averages, however, and do not show the number of short-term visitors compared to those staying several months. (pages II-C-19 and II-C-20) - The number of restaurant and lounge employees went up by more than 3,000 from 1977 to 1978. In 1978, 35,262 persons were employed in metropolitan Miami by eating and drinking establish- ments, more than any other Florida region including Orlando. (page II-C-22) SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS TOURISM INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Services Resources and Material Requirements: 1. Hotel 2. Amusements 3. Restaurants 4. Housing 1. Lodging facilities 2. Transportation facilities - i.e., ports, airports, train stations, bus stations. Labor Requirements: Low skill needs; major source of employment for minori- ties, women, youths. Capital Requirements:_ Major Markets: Related Industries: 4% increase in employment predicted in 1979. 933,800 employed in lodging industry in 1978. New construction and renovation costs. 18.6 million foreign visitors; 539.3 million domestic travelers (going 100+ miles). Foreign Markets: 64% Canadian, 11% Mexican - 1978. 1. Retail trade 2. Food (eating and drinking and processing) 3. Construction 4. Transportation NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Room occupancy rates up in 1978 to between 75% and 77';; were 69% in 1977; increased pleasure travel but business and convention travel still major market. Overall travel up by 8% annually, 1976-1978; overnight lodging rising 5% annually. Weekend pleasure travel up 25%. Many first-time foreign visitors lured by devalued U.S. dollar. Increased use of recreational vehicles cutting into lodging industry; gas shortage reducing auto travel. Trend towards mid -size hotel/motels of 600 to 800 rooms serving both business and vacation travelers. European and Latin visitors expected to increase the most out of an overall growth in foreign visitors of 17%. II-C-4 41, Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Current Level of Activity: 1977 - top destination states(trips by visitors from other states). 1. Florida 2. New York 3. Pennsylvania 4. Illinois 5. Ohio Climate; attractions - including natural areas (e.g. beaches) and manufactured (e.g., Disney World) attractions. Services: 1. Hotel/motel 2. Restaurant 3. Transportation - airlines, curise ships Attractions: 1. Seaquarium, 2. Planet Ocean 3. Parrot Jungle 1. Domestic - (90%) Northeast U.S. and states near Florida, especially Georgia. 2. Foreign - (10%) 35% Canadian, most of the rest is Latin American, especially Venezuelan. Adequate supply of unskilled or low -skilled labor. Emphasis needed on attitude versus skills. Based on occupancy of 65% for 1977, Miami does not need more rooms, but does need improved facilities. Need: 1. Capital for renovation and new construction 2. PR - improved image.. Hotel/motel sales up 12% in Miami for 12 months ended September 1978. But occupancy still only 68%. Number of apartment and rental condominiums increased very slightly from 1977 to 1978. II-C-5 Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Restaurant sales and room sales went down slightly between 1976 and 1977, then up again in 1978. Number of lodging ,units decreased by 2,000 between January 1977 and January 1979, although several new hotels in Miami -metro opened, including the 556-room Omni plus 260-room Sheraton River- side., Could be affected by fuel shortage but most (70%) visitors to Miami in 1978 arrived by air. Renovation of hotels such as Everglades and Four Ambassadors may improve occupancy along with increasing numbers of Latin visitors in Miami to shop. Miami Beach redevelopment could stimulate Miami tourism - four major hotel chains interested in building on beach. Attract more foreign visitors - Mexicans and Europeans. Downtown and Brickell Avenue; Coconut Grove; North Biscayne Boulevard. Outside the City: Miami Beach; Vicinity of airport; Broward County; South Dade County attractions. Competitive Cities: Orlando, Tampa Major locationai Determinents: Convenience to attractions, businesses; transportation systems, natural resources and amenities. II-C-6 Year DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL PASSENGERS MIAMI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 1970-1978 Domestic 1/ Internationall, % Change Over Flights— Flights Total Previous Year 1970 7,277,301 3,383,514 10,660,815 1971 7,684,948 3,491,491 11,176,739 1972 8,386,479 3,879,899 12,266,378 1973 8,696,060 4,126,179 12,822,239 1974 8,195,940 4,247,945 12,443,885 1975 7,873,930 4,194,188 12,068,118 1976 8,333,010 4,551,143 12,8R4,153 1977 8,727,391 5,009,092 13,736,483 1973 10,562,152 5,938,586 16,500,738 Average annual percent growth = 5.75% 1/ Total of inbound and outbound passengers. Source: Dade County Aviation Department; Gladstone Associates. II-C-7 + 4.6% + 8.9% + • I0 - 2.2% - 3.')% + 6.7f + .6 ,,, % Dade County Number Percent Total i 1 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF VISITORS BY TRANSPORTATION FORM DADE COUNTY AND FLORIDA 1970-1978 1970 1978 Auto Air Auto Air 1,977,257 1,264,338 1,243,800 2,920,800 60% 40% 30% 70% 3,241,595 4,164,600 Florida Number 18,493,160 4,225,319 22,060,000 10,309,000 Percent 81% 19% 68% 32% Total 22,718,479 32,369,000 Dade as a % of the State Total Number of visitors to Dade as a % of the State Total 11% 30% 5% 23% 14.3% 12.9% Source: Florida Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. II-C-8 SEASONAL TREND IN NUMBER OF VISITORS DADE COUNTY 1978 First Second Third Fourth Total for Quarter gl.AEtt11 Quarter Quarter the Year Air 762,200 675,100 735,600 747,900 2,920,800 Auto 462,500 227,500 259,500 294,300 1,243,800 Total 1,224,700 902,600 995,100 1,042,200 4,164,600 Each Quarter As % of Annual Number 29.4% 21.7% 23.9% 25.0%. Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. II-C-9 CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR AND AUTO VISITORS DADE COUNTY AND FLORIDA 1978 Average Expenditure Per Person Per Day Annual Household Income Dade Florida Auto Air Auto. Air $24.47 $54.80 ' $24.15 $45.61 Less than $10,000 5.2% 6.6% 7.7% 6.6% $10,000 - $15,000 14.2% 8.6% 16.3% 8.3% $15,000 - $20,000. 20.3% 11.0% 24.7% 12.7% $20,000 - $25,000 19.2% 12.6% 21.3% 13.3% $25,000 - $30,000 16.4% 13.2% 13.2% 14.4% $30,000 - $35,000 12.4% 11.8% 8.9% 12.0% $35,000 - $40,000 12.3% 36.2% 7.9% 32.4% $40,000 and more 0 0 0 .3% Occupations/ Professional/ Executive 19.0% 44.6% Manager/White Collar 22.2% 30.5% Blue Collar 21.6% 8.0% Student, Homemaker, Military 2.6% 2.9% Retired/Semi Retired 24.9% 12.0% Unemployed/Other 9.7% 2.0% 15.8% 40.8% 23.9% 29.2% 24.1% 12.0% 4.3% 26.4% 12.6% 5.5% 2.1% fnel l 0-18 .1% .3% .2% .6% 19-24 5.5% 7.9% 6.2% 9.4% 25-35 18.1% 21.2% 15.9% 22.8% 36-49 25.6% 32.2% 27.3% 29.8% 50-64 32.1% 28.1% 32.0% 27.2% 65 and up 18.6% 10.3% 18.4% 10.2% 1/ Head of household. Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. II-C-10 uI II i!IUIPUIaa!!�!! Rank TOP TEN ORIGINS VISITORS TO ORLANDO AND DADE COUNTY 1978 Dade County Orlando l New York New York 2 Canada Pennsylvania 3 Pennsylvania Illinois 4 Illinois Ohio 5 Ohio New Jersey 6. New Jersey Michigan 7 Georgia Georgia 8 Michigan Massachusetts 9 Foreign Indiana 10 Tennessee Canada 1/ By U.S. State, Canada or all other foreign countries. Source: Florida Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. TOP FIVE ORIGINS OF VISITORS BY SEASON AND TRANSPORTATION FORM DADE COUNTY 1978 Average Percent Rank Air Travelers 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Per Year 1 New York 2 Canada 3 Illinois 4 Georaia 5 New Jersey Auto Travelers 1 New York 2 Pennsylvania 3 Canada 4 Ohio 5 Illinois 15.6% 5.0% 7.6% 7.7% 12.3% 9.7% 5.2% 5.8% 7.1% 8.2% 5.9% 5.3% 7.9% 10.1% 13.0% 6.3% 9.5% 7.8% 11.1% 14.8% 6.7% 5.9% 7.8% 15.6% 7.1% 8.9% 6.7% 7.8% 1/ Figures not available because origin not among top ten for quarter. Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. 1/ 8.8% 5.3% 10.6% 3.5% 10.9 10.2% 6.6% 6.3% 5.8% 10.9% 9.3% 7.2% 5.7% 5.2% II IllglmumIoI IAgopolloAlpI,! pu ORIGIN OF FOREIGN VISITOR ARRIVALS1/ MIAMI 1977 Percent Of Rank Country of Origin Number Total 1 Venezuela 108,490 13.0% 2 Bahamas 78,657 9.5% 3 Columbia 62,479 7.5% 4 United Kingdom 57,038 6.9% 5 Jamaica 39,283 4.7% 6 Argentina 30,917 3.7% 7 West Germany 29,241 3.5% 8 Ecuador 28,441 3.4% 9 Mexico 25,500 3.1% 10 Guatamala 21,266 2.6% 11 Panama 20,995 2.5% 12 Costa Rica 20,396 2.5% 13 Brazil 19,462 2.3% 14 Peru 19,260 2.3% 15 France 15,986 1.9% Other 255,140 30.6% Total 832,550 100.0% Percent Change From 1976 +37.5% + 5.4% +23.0% +13.3% -24.1% +53.3% +23.2% +19.8% -32.1% +19.7% - 5.5°% +19.0°% -50.8% - 9.1% +25.3;'% +20.5% + 8.7% 1/ Does not include Canadians,approximately 450,000 of whom visit Miami each year. Source: Miami -Metro Department of Tourism. II-C-13 PURPOSE OF TRIPS BY VISITOR TYPE1' DADE COUNTY AND FLORIDA 1978 Dade County Florida Trip Purpose Air Auto Air Auto Vacation 34.2% 77.7% 41.0% 71.3% Business? 36.8% 9.3% 39.9% 5.1% Personal 3.3% 4.5% 11.2% 3.6% Conference 11.5% 1.2% 6.6% .6% Visiting Friends and Relatives 16.4% 13.8% 29.1% 15.3:: Cruise 2.3% . O% 1 .1 % . 0% 1/ Percents may add to more than 100 because of multiple responses. Dade County figures are preliminary estimates which will be corrected. ?./ Includes company, government and personal business. Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. II-C-14 AVERAGE LENGTH OF STAY BY VISITOR TYPE ' DADE COUNTY, ORLANDO AND FLORIDA 1978 Destination Dade Orlando Florida Number of Days Stay at Destination Auto Air 10.2 7.3 10.5 8.2 16.0 9.6 Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. II-C-15 TOP FIVE ATTRACTIONS AIR AND•AUTO VISITORS'TO DADE COUNTY AND FLORIDA 1978 Dade County Air 1. Disney World 2. Miami Seaquarium 3. Parrot Jungle 4. Sightseeing Cruise 5. Vizcaya Florida 1. Disney World 2. Busch Gardens 3. Sea World 4. Cypress Gardens 5. Miami Seaquarium Auto Disney World Sea World Busch Gardens' Miami Seaquarium .Mystery Fun House Disney World Sea World Busch Gardens Kennedy Space Center Circus World Source: Florida Division of Tourism; Gladstone Associates. II-C-16 Name/Location ATTENDANCE AT SELECTED TOURIST'ATTRACTIONS ' MIAMI METROPOLITAN AREA 1970, 1975 and 1978 Admission Price 1970 1975 1978 Crandon Park Free N/A Key Biscayne Via Rickenbacker Cswy. Crandon Park Zoo Key Biscayne $1.50 (adults) Free (under 13 with adult) Fairchild Tropical $2.00 (adults) Gardens Free (under 16 10901 Old Culter Rd. with parents) Estimates 1,000,000 (no admis.) 41,000 535,928 (admis. $.50) 57,000 Lowe Art Museum Free N/A 1301 Miller Dr. Monkey Jungle N/A 14305 S.W. 216 St. Parrot Jungle 11000 S.W. 57th Ave. Planet Ocean Virgina Key and Rickenbacker Cswy. Planetarium and Museum of Science 3280 S. Miami, Ave. Seaquarium Rickenbacker Cswy. 446,873 (admis. $1.00) 58,000 $4.50 (adults) 292,789 354,0'84 371,171 $2.25 (6-12) Free (under 6) $3.50 (adults) Opened 1976 150,000 $1.75 (6-12) Free (under 6) $5.00 (adults) $3.00 (6-12) Free (under 6) II-C-17 N/A (Continued . . Name/Location Serpentarium 12655 S. Dixie ATTENDANCE AT SELECTED TOURIST ATTRACTIONS (Continued) MIAMI METROPOLITAN AREA 1970, 1975 and 1978 I Admission Price 1970 1975 197S I a $4.00 (adults) N/A 45,873 62,831 w $2.00 (6-13) Free (under 6) Vizcaya $3.50 (adults) 3251 S. Miami Ave. $1.00 (6-11) Free (under 6) 220,614 234,326 II-C-18 To 6/79 129,537 NUMBER OF LODGING UNITS/ JANUARY 1977 - JANUARY 1979 MIAMI, TAMPA, ORLANDO AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA's Total SMSA 1977 1978 1979 Change Miami 68,589 68,078 66,586 -2,003 Jacksonville 15,602 14,929 14,098 -1,504 Orlando 31,633 32,048 32,674 +1,041 Tampa/ 39,230 37,321 37,008 -2,222 St. Petersburg 1/ Includes hotel, motel and rooming house units; usually one room per unit. Source: Florida Division of Hotels and Restaurants; Gladstone Associates. II-C-19 APARTMENTS AND RENTAL CONDOMINIUMS MIAMI, JACKSONVILLE, ORLANDO AND TAMPA-ST. PETERSBURG SMSA's JANUARY, 1977 - JANUARY, 1979 SMSA 1977 1978 1979 Miami 177,254 177,219 178,102 Jacksonville 45,602 45,551 46,201 Orlando 45,884 46,319 46,192 Tampa/ 92,365 92,165 92,851 St. Petersburg Source: Florida Division of Hotels and Restaurants; Gladstone Associates. II-C-20 I II II I II IlI!!!II IUIUNEPIVIAI! CONVENTION BUSINESS MIAMI AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN AREAS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN U.S. 1975, 1978 and 1979 1975 1978 19791/ • Number Of Number Of Number of Number. of Number Of Number Of Meetings Delegates Meetings Delegates Meetings Delegates Types Atlanta 710 545,000 860 850,000 900 875,000 65%25% National; 10% State. Primarily Associations Jacksonville 290 87,793 280 79,526 180 54,000 20% National; 30% National; 40% State. Miami 255 81,720 214 105,820 205 100,530 60% 15% Regional; 25% State. Mostly Trade Shows and Associations. New Orleans/ N/A Orlando Tampa/St. 113 Petersburg 427,000 753 523,000 672 583,000 Mostly Associations 674 289,545 2,252 430,488 N/A N/A 50% National; 10% Regional and other; 40% State. Mostly Associations 55,640 745 147,670 N/A N/A 40% National; 10% Regional and Local; 50% State. Mostly associations and shows and exhibits. 1/ Projected -?I'Figures are for fiscal year :975-76, 1978-79 and 1979-80. Source: Convention Bureau for .,ch city; Gladstone Associates. EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL OF EATING AND DRINKING PLACES MIAMI, JACKSONVILLE, ORLANDO AND TAMPA SMSA'S MARCH, 1978 Average Number 0f Number Of Quarterly Payroll SMSA Reporting Units Employees January -March (In 1,000's) Miami 1,824 35,262 $46,339 Jacksonville 704 12,441 $18,285 Orlando 641 14,981 $17,701 Tampa 1,660 31,330 $35,070 Source: University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research; Gladstone Associates. II-C-22 D. Manufacturing MANUFACTURING In 1978, manufacturing accounted for 95,100 jobs, or 14.7% of total Dade employment. The following materials summarize key characteristics of the nine most significant County manufacturing industries, emphasizing those prominent in the City economy. National and local perspectives, taking account of recent trends, future outlook, locational criteria and other relevant features, are covered for each industry. Published sources for the industry summaries that follow are the 1979 United States Industrial Outlook, County Business Patterns, 1976, Quarterly Report on Employment and Wages Covered by Florida Unemployment Compensation Laws, January -March, 1978 (issued by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security), and the Directory of Florida Industries, 1979. Discussions held with selected industry experts at the United States Department of Commerce (Industry and Trade Administration) as well as interviews with Miami industry leaders provide further information. In general, these sources indicate that local manufacturing firms benefit from Florida's right-to-work laws (and correspondingly low levels' of unionized workers). Latin women form the majority of employees in assembly tasks such as sewing machine operators (apparel, leather and leather products, and furniture) and microscopic assembly (electric and electronic equipment, instruments and related products.) Key findings concerning specific industry trends and characteristics are summarized below. II-D-1 Apparel and Textiles Two major trends are noteworthy with respect to the apparel and textile industry (see pages II-D-26 through II-D-35): 1. Shrinking labor pool and decentralization. Apparel is a labor-intensive industry and is by far the largest manufacturing employer in Dade County. A large part of the value of a garment is added by the stitching (assembly and finishing) process. For this reason, firms, which tend to locate near sources of inexpensive labor found the female Cuban immigrant population of Miami to be a major attraction in the 1960's. While this labor pool still remains, it has not been re- plenished by younger women and future labor sources are uncertain. In the last several years increased competition for sewing maching operators was one of the prime factors in the relocation of some firms to areas outside Miami's Fashion District. They moved to the areas where the Cuban labor force had migrated. 2. Import impact. In recent years there has been a significant increase in competition from foreign countries where labor in considerably less expensive than Miami or the rest of the non -unionized South. Fashion apparel (combined with pres- tige marketing) has been the sector most resistant to these changes. In an effort to compete with foreign production, many domestic apparel companies previously oriented to Miami are now sending pre-cut goods offshore (to Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and the Far East) in efforts to reduce costs. In order to offset import penetration into the nation's markets, the U.S. Department of Commerce has instituted a program aimed at expanind U.S. exports, particularly to Europe where the declining value of the dollar makes U.S. goods especially competitive. This program will be accelerated in the next few years. Household Furniture Manufacture Pages II-D-36 to II-0-45) This industry as a whole is dependent upon increases in disposable income. Miami, with its large population base, supplemented by a large retiree, second -home market, is a major center for certain types of furniture manufacture. II-D-2 Rattan upholstered furniture is one specialized sector of this industry located in Miami. Domestic markets for casual, indoor -outdoor "South Florida Style" furniture are increasing, and potentials for exporting these products also appear substantial. Leather and Leather Products (Pages II-D-46 to II-D-52) Recent declines in this industry can be traced directly to less expensive imports and the scarcity and rapidly rising costs of leather. Almost 80 percent of United States hides are now exported, to Japan and elsewhere, for offshore assembly. No growth in employment was recorded in this sector between 1973 and 1978 in the U.S., despite the labor- intensive nature of production methods. Increasing awareness by the Federal government of industry problems has led to new programs which focus on export potentials, but import erosion is expected to continue. The use of synthetics (especially molded plastic soles for shoes) is seen as one way to reduce costs. The Miami leather industry -- in which luggage, handbags and shoes are the major products -- suffers from the same problems as the nation's industry, and the future of this sector is uncertain. Printing and Publishing Pages II-D-53 to II-D-58) This industry is characterized by increasing automation and evolving technology nationwide, with emphasis on the use of lithography. Major industry problems are the price and supply of paper, energy costs and increased foreign competition. The Miami industry (commercial magazine and newspaper printers) is attracting a growing share of the regional market, as well as new markets outside the Southeast, and potentials for continued growth -- despite industry- wide problems -- appear to be good. II-D-3 Electric and Electronic Equipment (Pages II-D-59 to II-D-65) X-ray and electromedical equipment are the most rapidly growing sub -sectors in this industry, with expanding export markets (industrialized) nations such as Western Europe, Canada, and Japan) complementing domestic prospects. Constantly improving technology is vital for this industry and technical recruiting, especially of engineers, is a key problem. None of the major Dade County industry establishments are located in the City of Miami. Proximity to the airport (for shipping) and the highway system (for access), plus availability of cheaper land have attracted most of the newer firms to unincoporated Dade locations and to Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Instruments and Related Products (Pages II-D-66 to II-D-72) High growth and a period of evolving technology characterize this industry. There are strong export markets in the developed countries and domestic de and for analysis and control equipment continues to grow. The surgical and medical sector is particularly strong. A full 10 percent of the X-ray equipment and surgical and medical instruments used in America are made in South Florida. The major problem faced by Miami firms is professional recruitment. There is a local scarcity of clinical chemists and research scientists and a growing difficulty in attracting outsiders with such specialties to the area. Two very large companies are currently located in the City. One of these, however, will be moving to Sweetwater in the near future. II-0-4 ti Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products (Pages II-D-73 to II-D-76) Nationwide, this is a strong growth sector, particularly for those subsectors related to the automotive market. Other growth areas with greater applicability to the Miami area include construction component products (in response to increasing use of plastics for such items as pipes) and electronic and scientific instruments. Latin American and Caribbean export markets are also growing. In Dade County, most companies in this sector -- including several very large ones -- are located outside the City, frequently in Miami Lakes and Hialeah Springs. Food and Kindred Products (Pages II-D-77 to II-D-82) Unlike most other manufacturing categories, this industry is essentially local -serving, except for foreign exports, which is a growing market for the nation as a whole. Miami area growth potentials are strong due to the area's increasing population base and its large restaurant and hotel market. Area firms tend to locate where highway access is convenient, primarily outside the City limits. Fabricated Metal Products Manufacture (Pages II-D-83 to II-D-90) Declining employment and increasing productivity due to automation is a nationwide trend in this industry, as is the increase in imports of fabricated structural steel building components. On the other hand, most firms in the Miami area report steady growth in exports. II-D-5 The health of this industry is closely tied to that of the construction industry, so only a moderate level of growth is anticipated in the next •few years. Because of the spatial, physical and access needs of this industry, the City is not;well positioned to capture major shares of industry expansion. II-D-6 1. Business Survey - Summary Results BUSINESS SURVEY In.order to collect city -specific information on industrial operations -- including the nature and levels of business activities, labor force needs and availability, and facilities requirements -- a survey of Miami businesses was conducted. The survey process involved two phases: a mail survey; and on -site interviews with selected industry leaders. The small size of the respondent group (four from the mail survey and 14 site -visit interviews), reduces the reliability of the results. Nonetheless, the results are indicative of certain industrial patterns. The following pages briefly describe the major findings and conclusions of the business survey. Following the presentation of results, the interview process --including the methodology employed in company selection -- is de- scribed, and a sample survey questionnaire is provided. Major Findings and Conclusions Key findings of the survey centered on the following areas: (1) labor force characteri`'.tics and needs; (2) reasons for outside -of -city locations among larger firms; (3) export markets; and (4) support from the local business community. Labor Force Characteristics and Needs. Our business survey revealed the large extent to which the local manufacturing community is dependent on the Cuban female labor force for unskilled workers. Several firms have staggered work shifts to accommodate the specific needs of this group of workers, and have planned work flow based upon cultural considerations largely relevant to Cuban workers (e.g., religious holidays, coffee breaks, etc.) The reluc- tance of Cuban women to work at night had caused two companies to reorganize II-D-7 their night shift production schedules, and at least two firms closed down completely for several weeks during the summer because absenteeism among Latin women (whose children are home from school during the summer months) made coordinating vacations and maintaining production levels very difficult. A key concern for the firms visited was transportation for their employ- ees. Traffic congestion, difficulty of access, fuel shortages and a lack of adequate public transportation facilities had prompted several companies to organize car pool and van pool services to limit absenteeism and insure the availability of their workforce. Littlecooperation among firms was evi- dent in these efforts, however. Similarly, no concerted effort has been made to petition government for improved services -- like additional bus routes, more conveniently located bus stops, bus shelter, sidewalks, or improved traffic patterns -- except on an individual basis. Reasons for outside -of -city locations among larger firms. Previous research conducted as part of this study effort had revealed that, in most manufacturing categories, the larger firms are located outside of Miami city limits. Our business survey revealed that the availability of less expen- sive land in newly developing areas is the primary reason for this locational pattern. Many of the firms interviewed had moved to the Palmetto area ten or so years ago, when land in that area was attractively priced. Export markets. A majority of the firms surveyed indicated a recently increased level of interest in tapping export markets. Among many ofthe larger firms -- particularly those engaged in the electronics and fabricated metal industry -- exports already constitute a large share of total sales. II-D-8 Support from the local banking community. There was unanimous agree- ment among the firms visited that local banking institutions are not re- sponsive enough to their financing needs. The greater receptivity of banks in other cities (notably New York) to extend receivables credit or to make loans was acknowledged even by those Miami firms who deal primarily with local banks. Miami bankers are viewed as "more eager to invest in real estate" and "too conservative" to take the lead in meeting the financial needs of manufacturers. The Interview Process Mail Survey. Questionnaires were sent to 36 companies in nine key manu- facturing industries: apparel and textiles; fabricated metal products; leather and leather products; medical instruments and related products; printing and publishing; electric and electrical equipment; food and kindred; rubber and miscellaneous plastics products; and furniture and fixtures. The total sample included three companies in each category, with the exception of apparel (12 companies) focP lnd kindred (4 companies) and rubber and miscellaneous plastics products (2 companies). All mail survey firms are listed on pages II-D-11 and 12. All companies sent the questionnaire were listed in the 1979 Directory of Florida Industries as having 100 or more employees. 0f the 36 recipients, four responded, for an overall response rate of Interviews. Firms for site -visit interviews were selected by consulting the following printed sources: Dade County's ;Major Employers issued by the Dade County Office of Economic Development; Directory of Florida's Public Companies, Florida Trend Magazine, July 1979; list of Florida Associations published by the Florida Department of Commerce; Eastern's Guide to the Florida Apparel Industrj published by Eastern Airlines, and the membership lists provided,by the Printing Association of South Florida and the National Society of the Plastics Industry. In addition, recommendations were sought from the Florida Department of Commerce, the United States Department of Commerce, the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce, the Florida Fashion Council, the Fashion District Business Association, the International Ladies Garment Workers Union and the Planning Department of the City of Miami. In the final selection of firms, priority was given major firms located within the City of Miami or those of exceptional size in areas closest to the city's boundaries. In all, 14 site -visit interviews were conducted. The firms involved are listed on pagell-D13. Of these, seven firms were prepared at the time of interview to answer the questions previously described by phone and were particularly helpful in discussing industry issues, trends and pro- spegtives. Three firms required follow-up contacts to complete survey questions and four were able to answer survey questions but not to pro- vide further information about industry issues. Considerable resistance was encountered among local manufacturers to the idea of participating in a business survey. Distrust of local govern- ment, failure to recognize the name of the sponsoring agency (OTCD) or hostility to the,"development" function implied in its name were partly responsible. The implication that research results might be used to attract other ("competitive") businesses to the area was a major obstacle raised by all but the electronics firms, who welcomed this possibility. II-D-10 MAIL SURVEY OF MIAMI BUSINESSES Printing and Publishing Ace -Parker, Inc. 3850 NW 30 Avenue Miami, Florida 33142 National Lithographers & Publishers 7700 NW 37 Avenue Miami, Florida 33147 *Zenith Communications 6599 NW 74 Avenue Miami, Florida 33166 Furniture and Fixtures Amertec-Granada, Inc. 70007 North Waterway Drive Miami, Florida 33155 SeI-O-Rak 3580 NW 52 Street Miami, Florida 33142 Whitecraft Industries 7350 NW Miami Court Miami, Florida 33138 Food and Kindred Products August Bros. Bakery 10777 NW 36 Avenue Miami, Florida 33167 Flowers Baking Co. of Miami Flowers Industries 17800 NW Miami Court Miami, Florida 33169 Velda Farms Division The Southland. Corporation P.U. Box 64000 B Miami, Florida 33164 Borden Dairy and Services Division Borden, Inc. 7103 NW 2 Avenue Miami, Florida 33138 Medical Instruments and Related Products Toughlite Lens Co. King Optical 7840 NW 62 Street Miami, Florida 33166 North American Biologicals 16500 NW 15 Avenue Miami, Florida 33169 TIF Instruments 3655 NW 74 Street Miami, Florida 33147 Electric and Electrical Equipment Larco Products 3950 NW 28 Street Miami, Florida 33142 Topp Electronics 4201 NW 77 Avenue Miami, Florida 33166 *Gladding U.S. Fiberglass Co. 5101 NW 36 Avenue Miami, Florida 33142 Fabricated Metal Products Alluminaire Division Allied Thermal Corp. 1600 NW 165 Street Miami, Florida 33169 *Respondents (returned completed survey questionnaire.) Continued . . . MAIL SURVEY OF MIAMI BUSINESS (continued) Fabricated Metal Products (Continued) *Keller Aluminum Products 18000 State Road 9 Miami, Florida 33162 Perko, Inc. 16490 NW 13 Avenue Miami, Florida 33164 Leather and Leather Products Capelli Strawworld, Inc. 6955.NW 36 Avenue Miami, Florida 33147 Caressa, Inc. 3601 NW 54 Street Miami,.Florida 33142 Excel Handbags Co., Inc. 3651 NW 81 Street Miami, Florida 33147 • Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastic Products American Safety Equipment Corp. Inflatables Division 7000 NW 46 Street Miami, Florida 33166 Carlon Products P.O. Box 886 High Springs, Florida 32643 Apparel Bodin Apparel, Inc. 3500 NW 79 Street Miami, Florida 33147 Apparel (Continued) Sheffield• Industries '1190 NW 159 Drive Miami, Florida 33169 American Knitting Mills 2337 NW 5 Avenue Miami, Florida 33127 Dorissa of Miami 2751 North Miami Avenue Miami, Florida 33127 Gary Lilly of Florida 2901 NW 34 Street Miami, Florida 33142 Jack Hartley 675 NW 29 Street Miami, FLorida 33127 King Kole 66 NW 22 Street Miami, Florida 33127 Sir Julian 5959 NW 35 Avenue Miami, Florida 33142 Vogue Originals 500 NW 24 Street Miami, Florida 33127 Sherry Manufacturing 3287 NW 65 Street Miami, Florida 33147 D'Avila 576 NW 28 Street Miami, Florida 33127 1.Holiday Sportswear of Miami 537 NW 24 Street Miami, Florida 33127 • *Respondents (returned completed survey questionnaire.) II-D-12 SURVEY OF MIAMI BUSINESSES SITE VISIT INTERVIEWS Ace -Parker, Inc. 3850 NW 30 Avenue Miami, 33142 American Hospital Supply 1851 Delaware Parkway Miami, 33152 Automated Building Components, Inc. 7525 NW 37 Avenue Miami, 33159 Bodin Apparel, Inc. 3500 NW 79 Street Miami, 33147 Caressa, Inc. 3601 NW 54 Street Miami', 33147 Electro-Medical Health Industries 6240 NE 4 Court Miami, 33138 Entenmann's Bakery of Miami, Inc. 3325 NW 62 Street Miami, 33147 Injection Footwear 8730 NW 36 Avenue Miami, 33147 Knight-Ridder/Miami Herald 1.Herald.Plaza Miami, 33101 Miami Footwear Corp. 3455 NW 30 Avenue Miami,, 33152 Pegasus Luggage,Inc. 7575 NW 82 Street Miami, 33166 Racal-Milgo, Inc. 8600 NW 41 Street Miami, 33166 Topp Electronics 4201 NW 77 Avenue Miami, 33166 Toughlite Lens, Co. 7840 NW 62 Street Miami, 33166 I I-D-13 SAMPLE LOCAL BUSINESS SURVEY 1. Company Name 2. Address 3. City & Zip 4. Contact 5. Title 6. Phone Company Profile 7. How long has company been in business? 8. How long has company been in Dade County? 9. What was previous location? 10. How long at this location? 11. Why did you move here? 12. If your firm has moved from the City of Miami to another Dade County location explain why 13. If company is a subsidiary of another, the parent company's name: 14. Parent company address 15. Parent company city, state, zip 16. Is company privately held or public? 17. What does company do? 18. SIC codes II-0-14 19. Percentage of sales in South Florida Other Florida markets United States, excluding Florida International 20. What countries predominate international sales? 21. Which geographical markets are growing most rapidly? Labor Force, Needs and Availability 22. Number of employees currently: Professional/Managerial Technical Skilled Semi -skilled Unskilled Clerical Total 23. Number of employees one year ago 24. Number of employees five years ago 25. Number of employees estimated one year from now 26. Is training required for any of your labor force? 27. Which classifications? 28. What type of training is needed? I I-D-15 1 29. If training is required, do you do it in-house? 30. If outside training is required, is it available? 31. Where? 32. Are local vocational training opportunities adequate? 33. Is there an adequate supply of potential employees locally: Executive Professional Technical Skilled Semi -skilled Unskilled Clerical 34. Can you recruit them from out of town? 35. If not, why not? 36. How do you recruit employees? 37. Do you have high turnover in any classification? 38. Which classifications? 39. Why? 40. Do you have high absenteeism in any classification of employees? 41. Which? 42. How do your employees get to work? Own vehicle/car pool Public Transportation 43. Is public transportation available to most of your employees? II-D-16 44. Of your present employees, what percent are: Anglo Latin % Black 45. Of your more recent hires, what percent are: Male 01 Female % Anglo % Male LatintO Female % Black % 46. Do you have any contracts with any unions? 47. Which ones? 48. Have you had any union elections within the last 5 years? 49. Have you had any strikes in the last 5 years? 50. When is your contract up for renewal? Facilities 51. How many square feet .of office space do you have? Net or gross?______. 52. How many square feet of manufacturing space do you have? Net or gross? 53. How many square feet of warehouse space do you have? Net or gross?___ 54. Is your spacelsufficient? 55. Do you have any plans for expansion? 56. Do you plan on moving within the next year? If so, why? ,57. Where? 58. Are there adequate facilities available in the City of Miami for your to move? Office? Manufacturing? Warehouse? Business Operation II-0-17 Business Operation 59. Is there adequate financing for your business locally? 60. If not, what are your needs? ,61. Do you have adequate transportation for your goods? 62. Do you find goods and services available locally for the operation of your business? 63. What percent of your raw materials do you get from: South Florida Other, Florida Other'(Name) °o ol /0 .0 0, /0 64. What is your estimated annual sales volume? less than $500,000 $500,000-$1,000,000 $1,000,000-55,000,000 55,000,000-$one billion More than one billion 65. Does the government provide adequate services? City? County? State? 66. If not, please explain 67. What legislation or ordinance would you like to see changed? City? County? State? II-0-18 If so, please explain For Companies Currently Located in the 'City of Miami 68. Do you think Miami is a good place to operate your business? Why/Why not? 69. Do you feel that the Miami aree is conducive to the growth of your business? If not, why not? 70. What is the most positive factor in the Miami economic scene for your business? For Companies not Currently Located in the City of Miami 71. Would you consider locating in Miami? Why/Why not? 72. What would have to be changed in order for you to consider relocating to the City? Comments: II-D-19 2. Selected Manufacturing Indicators, Miami and Dade County, 1967-1972 TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT FOR SELECTED MANUFACTURING GROUPS CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 1967 1972 Change: 1967-1972 City as City as County SIC Manufacturing Group Miami of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent City of Dade aCity as Percent ami of County Miami County of County Miami County of Counts 20 Food & Kindred Products 4,400 7,500 E9: -4,400 7,600 58% 22 Textile Hill Products NA 1,400 0 100 Q% t'� NA 3,400 NA 23 Apparel, Other. Textile Products 5,400 10,700NA 2,000 > 50N 7,400 18,700 40% 2,000 t;,000 25 Z5`w 24 Lumber b Wood Products NA 1,000 NA NA 2,200 NA 25 Furniture & Fixtures NA 1,200 NA 800 3,500 23% 800 4,800 17% N 26 Paper & Allied Products 600 1,500 0 1,300 0; 40% N.1 1,700 NA NA 200 NA 0 27 Printing & Publishing 3,900 5.500 71% 3.900 7,400 53% 0 28 Chemicals & Allied Products 700 1,300 54% 500 1,800 28% 1,900 0: 30 Rubber & Plastics Products NA 1,600 NA (2Ufl) 500 NA 4,600 NA NA 3,000 NA 31 Leather & Leather Products NA 2,100 NA 32 Stone, Clay & Glass Products NA 2,800 NA NA 700 NA NA 1,800 NA 900 2,800 32% NA 1,000 NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NA 800 NA NA 1.200 NA NA 400 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products 800 8,500 9% NA 35 Machinery, Except Electrical 8,300 NA NA (200) NA NA 2,000 NA NA 2,700 NA NA' 700 NA 36 Electrical Equipment NA 2,200 NA 1,600 4,600 35% NA 2,400 NA 37 Transportation Equipment 800 3,100 26% 2,100 5,400 39% 1,300 2,300 57% 38 Instruments and Related 500 700 71% NA 1,100 NA NA 400 NA . 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 800 2,000 40% 700 2,700 26% (100) 700 Total Manufacturing 20,500 58,300 35% 25,600 85,900 30Z 5,100 27.600 18% Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers, 1967 and 1972. 11-U-20 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS FOR SELECTED MANUFACTURING GROUPS CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 1967 1972 Change: 1967-1972 City as City as City as City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent SIC Manufacturing Group Miami County of County Miami County of County Miami County of Count 20 Food t4 Kindred Products 82 157 52% 1D0 205 49% 18 48 3::= 22 Textile Rill Products NA 22 NA NA 64 NA NA 42 NA 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products 180 332 54% 293 583 50% 113 251 45' 24 Lumber & Wood Products NA 61 NA NA 98 NA NA 37 Na 25 Furniture & Fixtures 32 149 21:% 41 170 24; 9 21 43, 0 26 Paper & Allied Products 10 34 29% NA 41 NA NA 7 NA r:)27 Printing & Publishing 147 293 50% 191 425 45; 44 132 33, 28 Chemicals & Allied Products 31 87, 36% 16 81 20Z (15) (6) 30 Rubber & Plastics Products NA 60 -"NA NA 101 NA NA 51 NA 31 Leather & Leather Products NA 37 NA NA 47 NA NA 10 NA 32 Stone. Clay & Glass Products NA 101 NA 17 97 18% NA (4) NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NA 22 NA NA 28 NA NA 6 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products 35 213 16% NA 230 NA NA 17 NA 35 Machinery. Except Electrical NA 131 NA NA 173 NA NA 42 NA 36 Electrical Equipment NA 68 NA 16 91 18% NA 23 NA 37 Transportation Equipment 36 132 27% 31 119 26% (5) (13) 38 Instruments and Related 10 24 42% NA 41 NA NA 17 NA 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 63 134 47% 92 198 46% 29 64 45:4 Total Manufacturing 745 2,094 36% 997 2,890 34:, 252 796 32L Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers..1967 and 1972. MIIIMMI111111114 SIC Manufacturing Group TRENDS IN PAYROLL FOR SELECTED MANUFACTURING GROUPS CITY OF MIAMI AHD DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 (Millions. of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1967 1972 Change: 1967-1972 City as City as City as City of Dade 'a Percent City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent • Miami County of County Miami County of County Miami County of County 20 Food & Kindred Products $ 48.3 $ 79_9 60% $ 54.7 $ 93.9 56'b $ 6.4 y 14.0 46Z 22 Textile Mill Products NA $ 13.1 NA NA $ 37.1 NA RA $ 24.0 NA 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products $ 10.6 $ 80.3 13% $ 54.4 $141.4 38% $ 43.8 $ 61.1 72% 24 Lumber S Wood Products NA $ 10.7 NA NA $ 26.4 NA NA $ 15.7 NA 25 Furniture & Fixtures. $ 7.8 $ 33.4 23% $ 8.3 $ 51.3 16% $ 0.5 $ 17.9 3z 26 Paper & Allied Products $ 6.1 $ 17.0 36% NA $ 20.3 NA NA $ 3.3 NA 27 Printing & Publishing $ 45.5 $ 63.1 72% $ 58.9 $102.0 58% $ 13.4 $ 38.9 34: N 28 Chemicals & Allied Products $ 8.6 $ 15.4 56% $ 6.2 $ 22.9 27% ($ 2.4) $ 7.5 "'30 Rubber & Plastics Products NA $ 15.8 NA NA $ 44.6 NA NA $ 28.8 NA 31 Leather & Leather Products NA $ 16.4 NA NA $ 21.7 NA NA $ 5.3 NA 32 Stone, Clay & Glass Products NA $ 20.1 NA $ 14.8 $ 38.8 38% NA $ 18.7 NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NA $ 9.4 NA NA $ 15.0 NA. NA $ 5.6 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products $ 7.8 $ 93.2 8% NA $101.1 HA NA $ 7.9 NA 35 Machinery. Except Electrical NA $ 23.4 NA NA $ 37.3 NA NA $ 13.9 NA 36 Electrical Equipment NA $ 25.0 NA $ 16.5 $ 54.0 31% NA $ 29.0 NA 37 Transportation Equipment $ 8.8 $ 34.2 26% $ 3.3 $ 64.9 5% ($ 5.5) $ 30.7 -- 38 Instruments and Related $ 4.9 $ 7.0 70% NA $ 11.4 NA NA $ 4.4 NA 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing $ 6.4 $ 17.0 38% $ 7.2 $ 25.9 28% $ 0.8 $ 8.9 9% Total Manufacturing $203.2 $591.9 34% $283.8 $949.6 30% $ 80.6 $357.7 23% Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers. 1967 and 1972. II 111111111110111111 TRENDS IN VALUE OF SHIPMENTS FOR SELECTED MANUFACTURING GROUPS CITY OF M1AMI AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 (Millions of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1967 1972 Change: 1967--1972 _- City as City as City as City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent SIC Manufacturing Group Miami County of County - Miami County of County Miami County of Count' 20 Food & Kindred Products $266.5 $ 528.9 50'% $ 340.6 $ 685.6 50% $ 74.1 $ 156.7 4i'r 22 Textile Mill Products NA $ 33.6 N1 NA $ 183.7 NA NA $ 155.1 NA 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products $117.2 $ 240.0 49;% $ 165.2 $ 433.9 38% $ 48.0 $ 193.9 24 Lumber & Wood Products NA $ 40.1 NA $ NA $ 82.0 NA NA $ 41.9 NA 25 Furniture & Fixtures $ 22.9 $ 99.1 23% $ 23.9 $ 160.8 15% $ 1.0 $ 61.7 fl 26 Paper & Allied Products $ 26.2 $ 82.3 32% NA $ 92.3 NA NA 2. 10.0 NA `-'27 Printing & Publishing $143.2 $ 192.7 74% $ 201.5 $ 342.9 59% $ 58.3 $ 150.2 39a 28 Chemicals & Allied Products $ 32.4 $ 78.0 42% $ 37.0 $ 147.1 25% $ 4.6 $ 69.1 7 30 Rubber & Plastics Products NA $ 60.6 NA NA $ 147.7 NA NA $ 87.1 1+A 31 leather i Leather Products NA $ 46.1 NA NA $ 58.6 NA NA $ 12.5 NA 32 Stone. Clay i Glass Products NA' $ 112.7 NA $ 88.0 $ 215.4 41% NA $ 102.7 NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NA $ 76.2 NA NA $ 103.2 NA NA $ 27.0 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products $ 28.1 $ 327.9 9% NA $ 368.4 NA NA $ 40.5 HA 35 Machinery. Except Electrical t1A $ 68.2 NA NA $ 114.2 NA NA $ 46.0 NA 36 Electrical Equipment NA $ 87.0 NA $ 51.8 $ 201.5 26% NA $ 114.5 HA 37 Transportation Equipment $ 24.8 $ 116.3 21% $ 49.6 $ 195.4 25% $ 24.8 $ 79-1 31% 38 instruments and Related $ 13.1 $. 21.3 62% NA $ 30.3 NA NA $ 9.0 NA 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing $ 21.5 $ 55.9 38% $ 25.0 $ 95.9 26% $ 3;5 $ 40.0 9% • Total Manufacturing $757.0 $2,276.4 33% $1,101.6 $ 3,683.7 30% $344.6 $1,407.3 744 Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers. 1967 and 1972. 11111111111111111111111.1 TRENDS IN VALUE ADDED FOR SELECTED t1ANUFACTURIt4G GRUUPS CRY .OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 (Millions of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1967 Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers. 1967 and 1972. C.t y as 1972 Change: 1967-1972 _ SIC Manufacturing Group City of Dade a Percent Cfty as Cityaas Mfar�i Coupe of County City Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent 20 Food & Kindred Products County of County Miami County of County $104.1 $ 194.9 5•?„ $121.6 $ 219.7 5 22 Textile Mill Products 1 5�% $ 16.9 $ 24.9 6uY `t`� S 9. ' NA 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products $ 68.4 $ NA $ 82.2 NA NA $ 62.9 NA138.5 49% $ 96.7 $ 253.3 38N 24 Lumber & Wood Products NA$ 28.3 $114.8 25y 18.6 NA NA $ 41.5 NA 25 Furniture 1 Fixtures $ 13.3 $ 54.7 N1 $ 22.9 NA $ 14.8 $ 88.3 17� - b 1.5 26 Paper & Allied Products 24h $ 12.9 $ 34.0 $ 33.6 4„ 38% NA $ 40.7 NA NA r.27 Printing i Publishing $ 92 ,� $ 6.7 NA 0 28 Chemicals & Allied Products$ 123_1 75% $139.6 $ 232.7 60% $ 47.2 $ 22.3 $ 49.0 46% 8109.E 43% p 3O Rubber 6 Plastics Products f 25.9 $ 71.4 36% $ 3.6 $ 22.4 16Z NA $ 29.3 NA NA $ 97.2 NA NA 31 Leather 6 Leather Products $ 67.9 NA 32 Stone. Clay & Glass Products $ 27.4 NA NA $ 33.4 NA NA $ 54.7 $ 6.0 NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NANA $ 42.7 $ 107.4 40% NA $ 52.7 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products 27.0 NA NA $ 37.7 NA NA $ 13.5 $ 17 3.1 $ 10.1 t � A 35 Machinery. Except Electrical NA 8% NA $ 186.2 NA NA $ 13.1 NA $ 42.2 NA NA $ 70.8 NA NA 36 Electrical Equipment $ 28.E NA tIA $ 54.3 NA $ 36.6 $ 143.2 26Z NA 37 Transportation Equipment $ 88.9 NA 8 15.0 $ 61.2 25% $ 35.2 $ 114.2 31% $ 20.2 $ 53.0 38% 38 Instruments and Related $ 9.8 $ 14.7 67% NA $ 16.2 NA NA $ 1.5 NA 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing $ 12.5 $ 32.0 39% $ 12.8 $ 52.2 25% $ 0.3 $ 20.2 iX Total Manufacturing $396.9 E1.151.7 34% $590.3 $1,901.0 31X f193.4 $749.3 26% 11111111111111.11111.11 TRENDS IN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (NEW) FOR SELECTED MANUFACTURING GROUPS CITY OF MIAMI AND DADE COUNTY 1967-1972 (Millions of Constant 1978 Dollars) 1967 1972 Change: 1967-1972 City as City as City as City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent City of Dade a Percent SIC Manufacturing Group Miami County of County Miami County of County Miami County of County 20 Food & Kindred Products $ 8.4 $13.3 63% $ 5_6 $13.4 42% ($ 2.8) $ 0_1 22 Textile Mill Products NA NA NA NA $14.3 t1A NA NA NA 23 Apparel. Other Textile Products $ 1.0 $ 2.9 34% $ 1.9 $ 6.9 28% $ 0.9 $ 4.0 23% 24 Lumber & Wood Products NA $ 0.4 NA NA $ 1.9 NA NA $ 1.5 NA 25 Furniture & Fixtures $ 0.6 $ 1.8 33% $ 0.8 $ 5.6 14% $ 0.2 $ 3.8 54:, 0 26 Paper & Allied Products $ 1.6 $ 2.7 59% NA $ 3.1 NA NA $ 0.4 NA r 27 Printing & Publishing $ 5.1 $ 6.8 75% $ 4.5 $ 9.8 46% ($ 0.6) $ 3.0 28 Chemicals & Allied Products $ 0.8 $ 1.8 44% $ 0.5 $ 3.1 16% ($ 0.3) $ 1.3 30 Rubber 1 Plastics Products NA $ 4.5 NA NA $10.9 NA NA $ 6.4 NA 31 Leather & Leather Products NA $ 0.8 NA NA $ 3.1 PIA NA $ 2.3 NA 32 Stone. Clay & Glass Products NA $ 5.9 NA NA $13.6 NA NA $ 7.7 . NA 33 Primary Metal Industries NA $ 2.0 NA MA $ 2.8 NA NA $ 0.8 NA 34 Fabricated Metal Products $ 0.4 $ 8.8 5% NA $10.3 NA NA $ 1.5 NA 35 Machinery. Except Electrical NA $ 1.8 NA NA $ 6.2 NA NA $ 4.4 NA 36 Electrical Equipment NA $ 2._7 NA $ 0.2 $ 3.3 6% NA $ 0.6 MA 37 Transportation Equipment $ 0.8, $ 4.9 16% $ 1.4 $ 9.8 14% $ 0.6 $.4.9 12Z 38 Instruments and Related NA $ 1.8 NA NA $ 1.9 NA NA $ 0.1 NA 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing $ 0.2 $ 1.2 17% $ 0.8 $ 3.6 22% $ 0.6 $ 2.4 25%. Total Manufacturing $21.5 $65.3 33% $26.5 $124.4 21% $ 5.0 $59.1 8% Source: U.S. Census of Manufacturers. 1967 and 1972. �11 111111111111111111.11 3. Apparel and Textile Products INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Processes: Resource and Materials SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS APPAREL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY SIC 22 (part) 'Si 23 (1) Knitting mill products (SIC 22) -- sweaters, hosiery, sport shirts. (2) Apparel (SIC 23) -- outerwear, underwear and coats; curtains, sheets, towels and other houseware items. .(1) design (2) cutting (3) assembly Requirements: (1) Raw materials: fabric, yarn or synthetic material. (2) Plastic parts, such as buttons, zippers and fasteners. (3) No particular requirement for natural resources. Labor Requirements: (1) Primary need is for unskilled labor with high manual •dexterity for assembly. (2) Secondary need for management,designers and cutters. Capital Requirements: Relatively low for most operations. Exceptions are mass-produced items such as blue jeans, underwear, T-shirts. Major Markets: Nearly 99% of production is sold domestically, largely to consumers. Related Industries: SIC 39 -- miscellaneous plastics products; fabric manufacture; trade; chemicals. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: No. of establishments (1976) No. of employees (1978) Value of shipments (1978) Value added (1978) Payroll (1976) SIC 22 (Textile Mill Products) 6,580 919,000 $40.6 billion $16.4 billion $ 7.6 billion SIC 23 (Apparel & Other Textile Products) 22,311 1,256,600 $37.9 billion $19.1 billion $ 9.2 billion Generally stable output, declining employment, generally stable and small level of exports, increasing imports. Government regulations and foreign competition pose major difficulties. Continued and possible increased competition from foreign countries, especially China, and use of Latin American Countries for assembly. Increased mechanization would not improve conditions significantly. II-D-26 Import Impact: Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Porduct Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/ Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Serious impact in virtually all sectors of the industry /"N except fashion apparel (located primarily in New York plus some in California and a limited amount in Florida and Hawaii). To date, no serious effort has been made to tap potential overseas markets. Major program by U.S. Department of. Commerce now getting underway. Current area of concentration is Western Europe, particularly in view of the fact that devaluation of U.S. dollar makes exchange rates there more favorable for European consumer. (1) SIC 22 -- concentrated in the Carolinas and Georgia. (2) SIC 23 -- New York, Pa., Calif., North Carolina, New Jersey, Georgia, Texas, Tennessee. Southern states -- mostly less complex operations where styles change less frequently (i.e. shirts, pants, work clothing). (1) Quality, inexpensive labor force (2) Truck access (3) Financial assistance and overall cost factors Womens and misses outerwear, (especially Womens Sportswear) by far largest group among manufacturers, followed by mens outerwear,then childrens outerwear. Northeast, Sunbelt (notably Texas) Unskilled sewing machine operators. Current supply overwhelmingly Latin, non-English speaking, female and over 35 years old. Labor pool declining due to increased education and better paying job opportunities increasingly available to younger (2nd generation) bilingual Cuban women. New immigrant groups (Hatian, Vietnamese) vital as potential source of future labor. Little training required for operators. Done on the job (informal).Emphasis on sewing speed. Good lighting Warehouse needs not extensive Limited low cost modern plant space avialable in Garment Center compared to "outlying" areas. Of garment center firms considering expansion, almost half considering relocating. II-D-27 Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact. Export Potential: Fabric and notions (buttons, zippers, fasteners, thread) all readily available here. Proximity to textile mills suppliers. Good location for materials and supply. Declining number of firms due to closings and increased movement to outlying areas. Lure of low cost modern industrial parks and proximity to Cuban labor force drawing companies away from City of Miami. As of 1978: number of workers in Miami SM5A employed in apparel industry was 22,800; in textile mill products was 3,000. 691 apparel manufacturing establishments, 87 textile mill products establishments. Payroll for same period is estimated at $28.3 million in textiles, $165.4 million in apparel. As of 1972, in the City of Miami there were 293 apparel establishments with an employment of 7,400 and a payroll of $54.4 million (in 1978 dollar terms). • Increased concern about import penetration and labor scarcity. Growth of interest in exporting. Latin American tourist represent strong new retail market for Garment Center firms. Increased emphasis on exporting (particularly to Europe) of women's high fashion sportswear may serve to offset negative trends for local industry. Renewed labor sources (particularly by liberalizing immigration laws relating to Haitians) would be significant improvement. In general, however, the outlook is poor, especially considering po- tential for exploiting Asian (notably Chinese) sources of cheap labor. Significant industry shift to offshore assembly operations • (in attempt to reduce labor costs and offset tremendous impact of lower cost imports) has rendered less attractive Miami's domestic labor market despite its relative low cost (lack of unionization) compared to Northeast. Many Northeastern companies who would otherwise have contracted assembly to local firms are now sending pre-cut goods off- shore in search of even cheaper labor. Ladies high fashion sportswear and active sportswear exports have good potential despite protective barriers overseas. This market is still largely untapped. Large firms beginning to focus on Europe now. Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: "Fashion District". Boundaries are N.W. 29 St.(in the North)South to 22 St. N.W. 2nd Avenue (in the East) West to N.W. 6th Avenue. Outside the City: Hialeah Miami Springs II-D-28 Conpetiit j Cities: Atlanta. Major Locational Determinents: Access to low cost labor pool primary consideration. Convenient and safe transportation access for workers j (particularly night shift) and shipping (done largely MK m. by truck.) Inexpensive plant space. II-D-29 Indicator Value of Shipments (millions of current dollars) Value Added (millions of current dollars) RECENT TRENDS IN TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING UNITED STATES 1973-1978 11 1J % Change 1r 1973 1974 1975 1976 19r7- 1978— 1977-1978 31,073 32,78:: '31,064 36,389 38,390 40,694 13,017 13,159 12,045 14,495 15,939 16,351 6.0 2.6 Total Employment (000) 980.3 931.5 835.1 875.9 906.1 919.0 1.4 2/ ,Average Hourly Earnings 3.07 3.28 3.55 3.83 4.12 4.20— 1.9 o (December, in dollars) Value of Exports 1,163.5 1,703.8 1,532.7 1,855.2 1,857.3 1,825.0 -1.7 (millions of current dollars) Value of Imports 1,541.1 1,597.1 1,211.9 1,626.3 1,764.8 2,200.0 24.7 1/ Estimated, except for hourly earnings and 1977 trade data. 2/ As of June 1978. Source:. U.S. Industrial Outlook 1979 from Bureau of the Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and Industry and Trade Administration. APPAREL (SIC 22) AND TEXTILE (SIC. 23) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (90 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2253 Americana Knitting Mills of Miami 200 2337 NW 5th Avenue 33127 2335 Confecciones Camarth Corporation 203 7004 SW 4 Street 33144 2335 D'Avila, Incorporated 5.76 NW 28 Street 33127 3611 Dorissa of Miami 2751 N. Miami Avenue 33127 2335 Gary Lilly of Florida 2331 2901 NW 34 Street 2329 23142 2369 2335 Jack Hartley, Incoporated 2339 675 NW 29 Street • 33127 150 200 205 115 2369 Holiday Sportswear of Miami 100 2329 537 NW 24 Street 2339 33127 2369 King Kole 66 NW 22 Street 33127 2311 Mal Marshall, Incorporated 2328 2214 North Miami Avenue 2329 33127 2391 hlor-Blanc , Inc. 2339 170 NW 24 Street 33127 2335 Posh, Incorporated 2339 50 W. 10 Street 33136 I1-0-31 300 150 108 90 APPAREL (SIC 22) AND TEXTILE (SIC 23) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (90 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2321 Sportailer, Incorporated 120 2329 6501 NE 2nd Court 2327 33138 2321 Textile Prints of Florida 174 NE 24 Street 33137 2331 Tropix Toys 2369 Nexus Industries 333 NW 22nd Lane 33127 2395 Vogue Originals, Incorporated 2261 5001 NW 24 Street 2797 33127 2361 Sylvia Whyte Manufacturing Inc. 2311 67 NE 17 Terrace 33132 II-D-32 180 240 170 90 APPAREL (SIC 22) AND TEXTILES (SIC 23) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (90 Employees or More) Number SIC Firm of Employees 2329 Athletic Knitwear 94 2339 745 W 25 Street 2252 Hialeah 33010 2258 Arosa Knitting Corporation 103 12845 NW 45 Avenue 0pa Locka 33054 2385 Breezy Bay, Inc. 125 2337 1785 W 33 Place Hialeah 33012 2335 Butte Knit Division 250 2339 Jonathan Logan, Inc. 1060 E 23 Street Hialeah 33013 2337 Dade Apparel 125 405 E 10 Court Hialeah 33010 2338 Flair of Miami, Inc. 130 2339 209 W 21 Street Hialeah 33010 2335 Gemini Apparel, Inc. 100 670 W 33 Place Hialeah 37012 2337. Giamo Incorporated, Division 100 2253 Bodin Apparel, Inc. 1080 E 17 Street Hialeah 33010 2321 Holiday Formals, Inc. 105 960 W 19 Street Hialeah 33010 II-D-33 APPAREL (SIC 22) AND TEXTILES (SIC 23) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (90 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2339 Miami International Sportswear 114 4593 E 10 Avenue Hialeah 33013 2339 Miami Lakes Fashion Division Niki-Lu Industries, Inc. 145 20 NW 60 Avenue Miami Lakes 33014 2337 Ram Casuals 2331 7435 W 18th Lane 2339 Hialeah 33014 2339 Raymodes of Florida 940 W 84 Street Hialeah 33010 2339 Servitex Inc. 7501 W 18 Lane Hialeah 33014 200 90 95 100 2251 Sheffield Industries, Inc. 630 2341 1190 NW 159 Drive 33169 2392 Sherry Manufacturing Inc. 2331 3287 NW 65 Street 2321 33147 2339 2339 Sir Julian, Inc. 5959 NW 35 Avenue 33142 2337 Suits Galore, Inc. 7900 NW 103 Street Hialeah Gardens 33016 II-D-34 150 250 100 APPAREL (SIC 22) AND TEXTILES (SIC 23) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (90 Employees or More) SIC Firm 2369 Suntogs, Inc. 2329 13930 NW 60 Avenue Miami Lakes 33014 2339 Vardadero Manufacturing Inc. Mayflower Dress Company 2170 W 8th Avenue Hialeah 33010 2258 Victoria Fabrics Corporation 2262 12845 NW 45 Avenue 0pa Locka 33054 II-0-35 Number of Employees 100 141 300 \ | � i 4. Household Furniture Manufacture FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SIC 25) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA SMALLER FIRMS (10 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2531 Marlin Products [1 14940 NW 25 Court 0pa Locka 33054 2514 Medallion Leisure Furniture 25 Grover Enterprises 2900 NW 77 Court Miami 33122 • 2514 Metal Dimensions, Inc. 2522 Miller Industries, Inc. 16290 NW 13 Avenue Miami 33169 2512 Miami Furniture Industires Division Certified Ind. Inc. 3590 NW 71 Street Miami 33147 2511 Mica Dimensions, Inc. 1933 0pa Locka Boulevard Miami 33054 2541 Modern Wood Industries 2517 15590 NE 10 Avenue No.M. Bch. 33162 2515 Nachman Corporation 2511 7620 W 2nd Court Hialeah 33014 2511 2519 Nobewood Furniture. 4975 E 10 Avenue Hialeah 33013 2511 Omega Furniture Industries 3301 NW 73 Street Miami 33147 II-D-44 20 42 14 23 59 13 57 s FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SIC 25) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA SMALLER FIRMS (10 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2515 Sleeprite Bedding Industries, Inc. 29 20031 NE 15 Court No. Miami Bch. 33179 2512 Softex International Inc. 37 2512 20031 NE 15 Court No. Miami Bch. 33179. 2521 Speedcraft Office Furniture, Inc. 45 2525 N. Miami Avenue Miami 33127 2515 Standard Mattress Company Inc. 15 7770 NW 22 Avenue Miami 33147 2514 Stylume Products, Inc. 45 2519 14475 NW 26 Avenue 2512 Opa Locka 33054 2531 2512 Tiffany Furniture Industries, Inc. 50 2515 7905 W 20 Avenue Hialeah 33014 2514 Tradewinds Outdoor Furniture 40 16301 NW 15 Avenue Miami 33169 2512 Tropic Modern Furniture 39 2515 3631 NW 31 Place 2521' Miami 33142 2514 Turn A Bed Frame Manufacturers 15 2515 163 W 24 Street 2512 Hialeah 33011 2519 Unlimited Indoor and Outdoor Products 10 Corporation 2469 NW 76 Street Miami 33147 II-D-45 5. Leather and Leather Products Manufacture SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE SIC 31 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Process(es): Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: Footwear, luggage, handbags, personal leather goods (gloves, wearing apparel, wallets, etc.). (1) Tanning, currying and finishing hides and skins (2) Manufacture of finished products Cattlehides and other skins and hides (calf, kid, sheep, goat, lamb, cabrettas, horse); fabric; chemicals; plastics. Labor intensive. Unskilled labor is primary require- ment. Frequent use of minority labor force. Varies; luggage and personal leather goods have relatively low capital intensity. Increased capitali- zation has limited use in these areas because of frequent style changes. Automobile manufacture, furniture manufacture, consumers Automobile manufacture, furniture manufacture, cattle - raising, fabrics, chemicals, plastics. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Value of shipments (1978) Employment (1978) Imports (1978) Exports (1978) Value added Number of establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) $7.5 billion 239,100 $2.9 billion $0.3 billion 53.7 billion 2,827 $1.9 billion Erosion of domestic industry by less expensive imports. Declining real growth in tanning;slowly increasing real growth in other categories. Rapidly rising costs of raw materials, particularly raw cattlehides. Increas- ing exports of cattlehides and leather (almost 80% of U.S. hides exported). II-D-46 Future Outlook: Import Impact: Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: U.S. government 3-year revitalization program for footwear industry was announced in mid-1977. However, import erosion is expected to increase, despite a variety of government aids, with imports rising to $11.1 billion (in 1978 dollars) in 1983. Growth potential for personal leather, automotive, and furniture markets. Footwear situation seems to be stabilizing, and it is hoped that government aid and improved technology will improve conditions further. Increasing cost of leather may cause producers of a variety of leather goods to turn to alternative mate- rials, such as vinyls and textiles. However, the many substitutes,including vinyl, are petrochemical products and therefore costs for these materials are also rising rapidly. Large potential for fashion leather industry because many imported leathers are not of highest quality. Major impact, particularly on footwear, luggage and personal leather goods. Inadequate managment, lack of improved technology, in addition to costly labor and subsidization of this industry in certain other countries have weakened domestic industry's ability to compete with foreign producers. Developing countries are major suppliers; 1978 imports totaled $2.4 billion. New Federal program will focus resources on export potentials. Current exports are $280 million (4% of output), up 15% over 1977. However, in personal leather goods and luggage areas, export potentials may not be strong, particularly in view of increasing use of 807 provision of Tariff Law. (1) Tanning - Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Maine, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, California (2) Footwear - Northeast, North Central, South Regions (3) Fashion - New York City, some in California Major Locational Determinents: Access to cattle, inexpensive labor pool (particularly female labor),financiai incentives. MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Luggage, handbags, leather shoes. Major Markets:. Florida and the Southeast, Northeast, Midwest. II-0-47 Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Current Level :of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact: Skilled workers in demand (Limited availability) for shoe industry (Highly labor intensive).Piost workers employed in stitching (unskilled/semiskilled). Large numbers of women in unskilled jobs. Limited training for stitchers required. Skilled labor training not available outside plant. Companies train themselves. (Federal training programs in effect at some locations for skilled workers). Dry, well ventilated storage for metal hardware and leather to prevent. mildew. Waste disposal' (sewers, septic tanks) for spray runoff of dying and polishing. Leather, glue, hardware. Most from out of state. Leather (from brokers) mostly in Northeast and Midwest. Hardware from Taiwan, where concentra- tion of shoe manufacture enables suppliers to ex- port at very low cost compared to U.S. suppliers. 2,716 employees in Miami SMSA as of 1978.. Payroll total for Dade County (as of 1973) $19.8 million from 46 establishments. Increased interest in protection for leather industry, particularly as it relates to export of U.S. hides. Lobbying group organized emphasis on mechanization and modernizing production methods. Expanded use of syn- thetics (injection molded plastic soles, linings, etc.) Uncertain. Attrition and scarcity of skilled labor, extensive impact of imports, and lack of mechanization in manufacturing process all accelerate decline in productivity and inability to compete. Possible re- cession indicated as costly to this consummer goods industry. Significant impact on lower cost leather goods, partic- ularly from Korea. Shoe industry particularly vulnerable to import penetration. II-D-48 Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Outside the City: Not good. Highly labor intensive industry well protected by developing countries (Latin American especially). High protective tarrifs overseas and high costs of production here (hides, etc.) makes it impossible to compete on price. Korean exports subsidized by government undersell us by wide margin. Hialeah Medley/Miami Springs Major Locational Determinents: Proximity to workforce (largely Cuban) and access to highways. II-D-49 RECENT TRENDS IN LUGGAGE AND PERSONAL LEATHER GOODS UNITED STATES 1973-1978 %Change Indicator 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977-' 1978— 1977-1978 Value of Shipments?" 1,328 1,530 1,643 1,829 1,960 2,100 7 (millions of current dollars) Value of Shipments of Luggage 410 447 469 565 610 660 8 (millions of current dollars) Value of Shipments of Women's 349 393 452 514 540 570 6 Handbags and Purses (millions of current dollars) Value Added 688 798 846 949 1,038 1,138 10 (millions of current dollars) 1 Total Employment (000) 65 69 66 •69 70 69 -1 um Average Hourly Earnings 2.84 3:07 3.26 3.49 3.66 3.931 (December, in dollars) Value of Exports (millions of current dollars) 28 43 43 51 59 61 4 1/ Estimated, except for hourly earnings 2/ Value of all goods sold by the Luggage and Personal Leather Goods Industry " As of July, 1978 Source: U.S. Industrial Outlook.1979 from Bureau of the Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Industry andTrade Administration. I II LEATHER -LEATHER PRODUCTS (SIC 31) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI (10 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3171 Stylecraft Bag Manufacturing 30 Importing, Inc. 31 NE 17 Street 33132 3171 Terners of Miami 590 NW 26 Street 33127 MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (50 Employees or More) 3171 Beta Handbag Corporation 3161 FT Industries 750 W 18 Street Hialeah 33010 45 102 3171 Cappelli Strawworld, Inc. 130 6955 NW 36 Avenue Miami 33147 3144 Caressa, Inc. 3601 NW 54 Street Miami 33142 160 3171 Excel Handbags Co., Inc. 110 3651 NW 81 Street Miami 33147 3149 Injection Footwear Corporation 1,100 8730 NW 36 Avenue Miami 33147 3161 Pegasus Luggage, Inc. 7575 NW 82 Street Miami 33166 II-D-51 225 ME mm LEATHER -LEATHER PRODUCTS (SIC 31) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (50 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3171 Lou Taylor 457 711 W 16 Street Hialeah 33010 3144 Miami Footwear Corporation 3455 NW 30 Avenue Miami 33152 3171 Miss Erica 7475 W 4 Avenue Hialea 33014 3161 Robert Manufacturing Co. 3171 1001 E 23 Street Hialeah 33013 3142 Sheffield Footwear Division Sheffield Industries, Inc. 1190 NW 159 Drive Miami 33169 II-D-52 272 50 53 145 Printing and Publishing INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product, Types: Major Processes: Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTCS PRINTING AND PUBLISHING SIC 27 Newspapers, periodicals, books, commercial printing, manifold business forms. Printing -lithography, letterpress, gravure, flexogra- phic and screen printing. Paper; energy; chemicals. High skill level. Significant and increasing. Educational institutions, businesses, consumers, libraries. Related Services (typesetters, photo engravers, plate - makers, binders) wood and lumber products (paper) chemi- cals, transportation. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact: Value of products and services (1978) Value added (1978) Total employment (1978) Imports (1979) Exports (1979 est) No. of Establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) $52.8 billion $29.7 billion 999,200 5425 million 5850 million 41,377 $12,9 billion Evolving technology, including computer -assisted press operations, new types of solvent -less plates, automated page layout equipment and ohoto-composition. Increasing use of lithographic printing. Increasing capitalization Growing trade books (fiction and non-fiction) market. Increasing competition from other media and overseas printers. Major problem areas are: supply and price of certain grades of paper; costs of pollution abatement; energy shortage; increasing competition from other media and overseas print- ers. Imports have been rising in recent years but account for less than one percent of total industry shipments. Most imports are books and periodicals, and major supplier countries are the U.K., Canada, Japan, France, the Neth- erlands and W. Germany. II-D-53 Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Current Level of Activity: Exports have been increasing in recent years but account for less than 2 percent of total industry shipments. Most exports are books and periodicals. Canada, the U.K., Australia and Japan are the major markets. Export oppor- tunities should remain relatively constant over the next several years. New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia (perodical publishing); New York, Illinois, Massachusetts, California, Ohio, New Jersey (book publishing); New York, Indiana, Massachusetts, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, with trend toward moving West and South (book printing); New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles Philadelphia (commercial printing); East North ge tral and Middle Atlantic regions (manifold business forms). Delivery costs and location of markets. Commercial printing: offset printed direct mail circulars, travel brochures, business forms, stationery. Webb print- ing; newspapers, magazines, advertising supplements. Travel market (airlines, cruiselines, hotels) local businesses, retail stores, real estate developers, magazine publishers. High skill level. Craftsmen (image assemblers, skilled pressman) and managers, professionals in great demand. Highly automoted, however. Numbers of employees tends to be small. Press operation. Storage facilities for large inventory of paper. Heavy power needs to operate presses and maintain a/c and control humidity (vital for paper inventory). Paper, ink, energy (electricity). Very active large number of firms. Estimated number of establishments (Dade County) 1978 II-D-54 482 N Current Level of Activity:(Cont'd) Employment (!larch, 1978) Payroll(1978) Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Outside the City: Competitive S.E. Cities: Major Locational Determinents: 5,352 $)12 million As of 1972, the City of Miami had 191 establishments with 3,900 employees and $58.9 million in payroll, in 1978 dollars. Newer companies tend to be small. Large firms attracted to outlying areas by lower land costs. Industry outlook is good. Local firms report that businesses are doing well and they are able to in- crease volume by attracting out-of-state business to Miami due to low competitive costs. Good. Growing number of firms doing work for Central and South American companies. N.W. 27th Avenue area. Hialeah, Medley, East of Hialeah Street area). Atlanta, Tampa. (incorporated Dade-79th Railroad siding, fire protection, highway access, soil load - bearing capability, supply of industrial water and sewage processing desirable. II-D-55 RECENT TRENDS IN PRINTING AND PUBLISHING1I UNITED STATES 1973-1978 2/ % Change 21 Indicator 1973 1974 1975 1976 19772/ 1978— 1977-1978— Value of Shipments 28,600 31,272 33,467 37,682 42,244 46,991 11.2 (millions of current dollars) Value Added 18,772 20,257 21,270 23,943 26,792 29,742 11.0 (millions of current dollars) Total Employment (000) 942.6 958.7 949.5 954.1 977.7 999.2 -0.2 11 Includes newspapers (2711), periodicals (2721), book publishing (2731), book printing (2732), commercial print- ing (2751-2-4) and manifold business forms (2761) only. 2i Estimated, except for hourly earnings. Source: U.S. Industrial Outlook 1979 from Bureau of the Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and Industry and Trade Administration. II 1111 ISM I 1111.1111111111111.11 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING (SIC 27) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (15 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2751 All Miami Press 25 2752 991 NW 54 Street 33137 2791 Birmy Photo Engraving 2793 2241 NW 21 Terrace 2753 33142 2751 2752 Franklin Press 928 SW 10 Street 33130 2/11 Jewish Floridian 120 NE 6 Street 33101 2731 Little River Press Company 2751 7251 N. Miami Avenue 2752 33150 2753 Miami Engraving 245 NE 37 Street 33137 2711 Miami Herald Publishing Company Knight-Ridder Newspapers, Inc. 1 Herald Plaza 33101 2721 Replica Publishing 2994 NW 7 Street 33125 2793 Rex Engraving of Miami 2795 2391 NW 20 Street 2791 33142 2791 Wrightson Typesetting 219 NW 24 Street 33127 II-D-57 50 75 19 19 17 2,654 33 55 36 PRINTING AND PUBLISHING (SIC 27) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (30 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 2751 Ace -Parker, Inc. 170 2752 3850 NW 30 Avenue 2791 Miami 33142 2752 Advercolor 460 W 83 Street Hialeah 33014 2752 Colonial Press 3690 NW 50 Street Hialeah 33142 2752 pynacolor Graphics 118UW 159 Drive Miami 33169 2731 International Graphics 2752 Robins-Lecoq Corporation 2754 2901 Simms Street Miami 33022 2751 Media Printing Corporation 8050 NW 74 Avenue Medley 33166 2752 National Lithographers and Publishers 7700 NW 37 Avenue Miami 33147 2751 Universal Printing Company 2752 480 W 20 Street Hialeah 33010 30 125 33 140 85 100 52 2752 A.D. Weiss Lithographers 400 Eagle Picher Industries 2025 McKinley Street Hollywood 33020 2751 Zenith Communications Corporation 125 2752 6599 NW 74 Avenue Miami 33166 II-0-58 • 7. Electric and Electronic Equipment SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURE SIC 36 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Processes: Resource and Material Requirements: Labor Requirements: • Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: NAT IONAL GROWTH Electronic systems for weapons and space programs; radio and TV broadcast equipment, alarm systems, traffic control equipment, communication apparatus, automotive electronic devices; X-ray and electromedical equipment; telephone and telegraph equipment. New products being developed constantly. Microscopic assembly, electronic assembly (soldering, wiring). Plastic, metal. Skilled; frequent use of minority and female labor. Also, smaller need for technical, highly educated young engineers and electrical science graduates. Large, expensive equipment required. Government (roughly 50% of sales), automotive (for stereo radio, C8 receivers, cruise control, etc.), consumers, communications and industrial, medical community (369). U.S. Government, communications, automobile manufacture, electronic components, primary iron, steel and non-ferrous metal manufacture. PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Value of shipments (1978) Employment (1978) Number of establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) Value Added (1978) Imports (1978) Exports (1978) $40.2 billion 1,966,000 12,574 519.8 billion 524.2 billion 53.9 billion S5.0 billion Rapid recovery experienced in 1976-77 expected to have moderated in 1978 and 1979. Constantly changing and improving technology characterize the industry and are vital for its growth. The X-ray and electromedical equipment sector has been increasing rapidly as has telephone and telegraph equipment sector, II.D-59 Future Outlook: Import Impact: Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: Future of the industry dependent in part on Federal policy decisions. U.S. government, particularly DOD, sales expected to increase in next few years. Growth potential is also large for automotive market and VLSI's (very large scale integrated circuits). Outlook for the overall electronic components sector is less clear. In terms of major product lines/market segments: the consumer market (i.e..TV's,tape equip- ment) is expected to increase but foreign competition is expected to strengthen; the communications and in- dustrial products market (i.e. computers, calculaters, testing and measuring instruments, medical equipment) is expected to continue to increase; and the government market should grow. The X-ray and electromedical equipment product market is expected to grow only moderately, due in part to new regulations governing the purchase .of these products. However, exports of these goods should continue to increase at a healthy rate. The major export trading partners are Canada, the Netherlands, Japan, W. Germany and France. The telephone and telegraph equipment market is expected to experience rapid growth based on the expansion ofdomestic and foreign markets and the introduction of new technology. Foreign competition (particularly from Japan, W. Germany, France and the U.K.) in some areas, such as electronic components (particularly semiconductors) is increasing. Domestic position may be further reduced by new environmen- tal regulations. In other areas, i.e. electronic systems and equipment and X-ray and electronical equipment, imports are declining. Imports of telephone and tele- graph equipment are rising, but much of the imports are components required by Japanese subsidiaries in the U.S. Exports of electronic systems and equipment are expected to continue to grow. These exports are sold to a variety of countries, and increasing demand should provide impetus for growing export sales. Exports of X-ray and electro- medical equipment are also expected to increase. At present, exports of these products account for 28% of total production. Exports of telephone and telegraph equipment are also increasing. Although many of these exports are related to U.S. armed forces or U.S. manu- facturers with foreign subsidiaries, other types of exports are on the rise. Electronic Systems and Equipment (SIC 3662) - California, New York, New Jersey. Electronic Components (SIC 367) - Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Illinois, California. X-ray and Electromedical Equipment (SIC 3693) - Illinois, Wisconsin, New Jersey, New York, California, Massachusetts. II-0-60 • Major Locational Oeterminents: t4IAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/ Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Access to suppliers and markets not especially important. Require labor pool and adequate space. Modems, data display and terminal devices, lighting products, radio antennas, marine and C.B. radios, booster and battery cables, stereo components, testing and measuring instruments, electromedical equipment. Northeast, Midwest, (population centers) and Texas. Europe. Unskilled assemblers (largely Latin women) do produc- tion. Small but vital number of technical and pro- fessionals (engineers mostly) in great demand. Recruited actively out of state. Technical recruitment, key industry problem, is especially acute here due to lack of "cluster- ing" of competitive firms to provide better job market. Technical training considered "woefully" inadequate in all but radio/TV firms who can rely on traditional vocation schools for trained personnel. Courses to prepare technological data processers for working with enigneers are not available nor are courses to upgrade technological skills. Lack of educational opportunity seen as major problem. Bigger companies working with local vocational schools in attempts to restructure and design current curriculum. Have had limited success. Lack of adequate local training facilities responsible for large amount of company resources being allocated to national recruitment and in-house training; there is no pool of native Florida technicians from which to draw. Lack of sophisticated higher education in electronics field also seen to discourage potential out-of-state recruits who do not want to be "out of touch" with new developments in a quickly changing field, where the skills of electronic engineers are in great demand nationwide. Favor new plant space, with room to expand. Require large assembly spaces and warehouses with good access to highways (for transportation of products.) No special resource needs. Supplies still mostly from out-of-state. Electrical components flown in from the Orient. (proximity to air- port important). Growing number of suppliers locating here, however. Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import impact: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations Outside the City: 108 plants located in Dade County in 1978. Employment was 6,460 and payroll is estimated at $70.5 million. Despite technical recruitment problems local firms are doing well, expanding markets, plant facilities. Con- tinued interest expressed by out-of-state firms indi- cates growth of firms will continue. In the City of Miami, there were 91 establishments with 1,600 employees and a payroll of $16.5 million (in 1978 dollars) in 1972. Large growth in demand for electro-medical products increasing beyond industry estimates particularly in ultrasonic equipment. Emphasis on new technology and research capabilities main source of overall industry's health and success. Rising cost of commercial land along with increased competition for assembly workers are potential pro- 'blems associated with growth of local electronics in- dustry. However, increased concentration of firms will be potential asset in technological recruitment and in attracting supportive services. Promising growth areas are in aviation electronics, marine/ocean oriented systems, biomedical electronics, environmental monitoring devices, selected process control equipment and special situation instruments. Consumer goods (i.e. tape equipment, radios) expected to increase despite strong foreign competition. Growing demand for communications and industrial products (computer ter- minals, testing and measuring devices) expected to continue. Consumer products (CB radios, TV sets) only area of industry not booming due to impact of cheaper imports. Rest of industry healthy and export markets are grow- ing. To offset impact of cheaper imports, more major firms are considering relocating in search of less expensive labor. Florida and Miami area will continue to attract them. Excellant. Growing interest in Latin American and Caribbean markets. Miami location seen as asset in in- creasing income derived from exports to these countries. Along the Palmetto (unincorporated Dade County) (36 Street) and Milam Dairy Road area) North and West unincorporated Dade where land is cheaper, access to highways is good and expansion space is more readily available. Also Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Competitive Cities: Atlanta, Tampa. II-D-62 Major Locational Determinents: Due to "worldwide" nature of markets, have wide degree of geographical flexibility. Transport is main consi- deration; access to highways and airport crucial. Tend to locate near airports. Next in importance is cheap labor supply to keep prices as competitive as possible. II-D-63 ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (SIC 36) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (10 or More Employees) SIC 3662 Aeronautical Communications Equipment 3090 SW 37 Avenue 33133 MIAMI SMALLER FIRMS 3694 J & P Regulator and Carburetor 3612 Exchange 2220 NE Second Avenue 33136 3645 Olmo Lamp and Shade Manufacturers • 1012 SW 8 Street 33130 Number of Employees 95 9 10 3646 Standard Electric Fixtures Company 8 1430 NW 21 Street 33145 MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (100 or More Employees) 3645 American Art Industries 2751 NW 73 Street 33147 3679 Gladding US Fiberglass Company Gladding Corporation 5101 NW 36 Avenue 33142 3694 Kraver Manufacturing Corporation 11300 NW 32 Avenue 33167 100 190 200 II-D-64 ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT (SIC 36) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (100 or More Employees) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3662 Larco Products 225 3950 NW 28 Street 33142 3662 Pearce Simpson Division of Gladding Corporation 4701 NW 82 Street 22152 3661 Racal-Milgo, Incorporated 8600 NW 41 Street 33166 3651 Topp Electronics 4201 NW 77 Avenue 33166 II-D-65 125 1,500 225 8. Instruments and Related Products SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE SIC 38 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Processes: Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: ✓ajor Markets: Related Industries: Engineering and scientific instruments and equipment; measuring and controlling equipment; optical and an- alytical instruments; surgical, dental, and medical instruments and supplies; photographic equipment and 'supplies. • Microscopic assembly, quality control, electronic assembly (soldering), packaging, shipping, research and development. Plastics, metal. Skilled; availability of trained, qualified labor is a problem for the industry (except for certain parts of the photographic supplies industry). High for manufacture of sensitized materials; lower for most others. High technology often required. Significant overseas markets. Electronics equipment, health industry, research centers, plastics, primary iron, steel and non-ferrous metal manu- facture. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level Recent Trends: of Activity: Value of shipments (1978) Employment (1978) Value added (1978) Imports (1978) Exports (1978) No. of establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) $29.8 billion 654,000 $19.9 billion $2.4 billion $5.5 billion 6,288 $6.8 billion (1) Instruments for. measurement, analysis and control now in a period of expansion and evolving technology. (2) Surgical, medical and dental equipment -- rapid in- creases in output; somewhat slower growth in employment. Innovation is mainly in area of new devices for the handicapped. Increasing government regulation. (3) Photographic equipment -- strong growth in output and value added; essentially stable employment. Im- portance of technological innovation. II-0-66 Future Outlook: Import Impact: Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: (1) Instruments for measurement, analysis and control -- high costs of energy, raw materials and labor will enhance the demand for cost-effective instruments. Increased Federal environmental regulation will contribute to demand. Particularly strong growth is projected for optical and analytical instru- ments (SIC 38,36) (2) Surgical, medical and dental equipment -- growth is expected to moderate, with replacement market dominating. (3) Photographic equipment -- continued growth anticipated, particularly in areas of instant photography, silver halide sensitized materials, and photo copying equip- ment. Strong sales gains also expected for micro- graphics and photo processing equipment. Industry growth assumes increasing discretionary income and continued product innovation. (1) Instruments for measurement, analysis and control -- minimal impact. Imports now total $0.9 billion, 7% of domestic output. (2) Surgical,medical and dental equipment -- imports in 1978 were $190 million, only 3% of total U.S. pro-- duction. Most imports are from W. Germany. (3) Photographic equipment -- Japanese imports have been increasing dramatically due to strong demand and anticipated price increases. Total imports were $1.3 billion in 1978. (1) Instruments for measurement, analysis and control exports currently almost $3 billion (24% of total output) and expected to continue to be strong. (2) Surgical, medical and dental equipment -- 1978 exports totaled $763 million, 13% of total output. Exports are expected to remain strong. Major trading part- ners are Canada, Japan, W. Germany, U.K.,France and Sweden. (3) Photographic equipment -- exports have been increasing and totaled $1.8 billion (16% of output) in 1978. Major trading partners are Canada, 11. Germany, Japan, Netherlands, the U.K., Italy, France, Belgium -Luxem- bourg and Sweden. (1) Instruments for measurement, analysis and control -- California, New Jersey, New York, Illinois, Michigan, Massachusetts, Ohio, Pennsylvania. (2) Surgical, medical and dental equipment -- New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, California, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Texas (50% on Atlantic Seaboard). II-D-67 Major Geographic 111 Locations:(Cont'd) (3) Photographic equipment -- New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Minnesota, California, Oregon. Major Locational ueterminents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Existence of appropriate labor pool. Medical and surgical instruments, laboratory and scientific instruments, optical lenses and frames, medical diagnostic products and dental equipment and supplies. Health institutions in Florida and Southeast represent main markets for smaller firms. Larger companies sell to health institutions in mid -west (Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati), the Northeast (New York, New Jersey, Penn- sylvania) L.A. & Texas (Dallas - Ft. Worth, Houston) and have expanded into Europe and Asia(which represent good markets with about 20% share of total sales for the biggest firms.) Good supply of unskilled production workers but industry as a whole has significant problem recruiting profession- als, especially research scientists in clinical chemistry. University of Miami graduates in Chemistry cannot serve local market. Too few in inorganic chemistry. Recruit- ment highly competitive due to lack of trained personnel produced in area schools. Jr. Colleges produce satisfactory candidates in semi-professional, technical categories. Clean, dust -free industrial space of between 50,000- 200,000 sq. ft. for manufacturing plant; warehouses with good transportation accessibility and room for expansion. Trend towards larger sites to accommodate employee park- ing, deliveries and future expansion. Utilities important factor in site selection: industrial- ized water supply (processed) and natural gas supply lead- ing concerns. Primarily users of processed materials, mainly fabricated metal products, products of wood, cotton and glass, petro-chemicals, and plastics. II-D-68 Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Miami medical community is highly respected with inter- national reputation. About 60 med-tech companies (10:: of nation's X-ray surgical -medical instruments are now made in South Florida). Also local sales operations offices for out-of-state firms who do business in Latin America. Estimated employment for Dade County is 3,455 covering 70 establishments. Annual sales figures are difficult to estimate, because many of the firms are small and privately owned, but annual impact on the economy of South Florida is estimated as high as $1 billion. Total payroll is estimated at $39.8 million (for Dade County). Strong emphasis on quality control. (Health of industry very sensitive to questions of reliability of products). Highly secretive about new products and competitive. Ex- tensive security measures not uncommon in bigger companies (including electronic surveillance).Subject to extensive government control and inspection; highly regulated industry. High growth industry. Increasing health standards and expanded health insurance along with growing Federal spending on health care expected to encourage rapid growth. Growing hospital costs encourage use of sophis- ticated equipment to minimize reliance on highly trained personnel. Increased government regulations and cost containment measures will slow growth rates slightly and will add to cost of developing and marketing new products. Growing interest in Latin American markets, as their demand for higher technology instruments and medical sup- plies increase. Strong demand for products among in- dustrialized nations of Western Europe, Asia and Canada continued to grow, as long as our current technological advantage is sustained. Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: No particular area of concentration. Both Cordis (2,000 employees)and American Hospital Supply (1,200.employees)..now located within the city limits, but Cordis is building a new headquarters west of the city near Sweetwaterwhere it will consolidate its operations. Outside the City: Coulter (2,500)in Hialeah.Several other companies in unin- corporated Dade County (Palmetto area and east of Hialeah); Broward and Palm Beach Counties. II-D-69 • • Major Locational Determinents: Pollution -free air required for production of sterile goods, yet prefer to be near metropolitan area. Access to good labor pool important, as well as good transportation facil- ities (particularly air) for shipping. (Don't need to be near sources of raw materials or markets: products light and can be cheaply shipped). Growing preference for suburban, (metropolitan Dade) as opposed to "downtown" location by industry indicated in recent Florida Department of Commerce study. II-D-70 MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SIC 38) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (Over 55 Employees) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3841 American Hospital Supply 1,149 1851 Delaware Parkway • 33152 3841 Cordis Corporation 3915 Biscayne Boulevard 33137 MIAMI SMALLER FIRMS • 3693 Electro-Medical Health Industries 6240 NE 4 Court 33138 3842 Finnieston Laboratories, Inc. 1901 NW 17 Avenue 33125 3823 General Oceanics, Inc. 3811 5535 NW 7th Avenue 33127 3851 Global Contact Lens, Inc. 3930 NW 24 Street 33142 3842 J.E. Hangar of Florida, Inc. 5780 SW 8th Street 33135 3832 Miami Flock Equipment 3861 304 NE 79 Street 33138 II-D-71 2,000 4 10 30 14 11 35 MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SIC 38) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI SMALLER FIRMS Number of SIC Employees 3824 Precision Air, Inc. 14 3610 NW 41 Street 33142 3825 Shakespea1reSMarine Electronics, Inc. 55 3662 33125 MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (100 Employees or More) 3693 Coulter Electronics 3825 600 W. 20 Street 3824 Hialeah 33010 2831 Coulter Diagnostics 740 W 83 Street Hialeah 33014 3841 North American Biologicals 3842 16500 NW 15 Avenue 33169 3861 Saxon Business Products, Inc. Copystatics 13900 N. 57 Court Miami Lakes, 33012 3825 TIF Instruments 3655 NW 74 Street Miami 33147 3851 Toughlite Lens Co. King Optical 7840 NW 62 Street Miami 33166 II-D-72 2,500 135 900 125 393 9. Miscellaneous Plastics Products SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE SIC 3079 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Processes: Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: • Component parts, especially for the automotive industry; consumer goods, such as plastic utensils; footwear. Also appliances, house furnishings, construction materials, electronics parts, packaging, and engineering plastics. Six major processes. Molding is most common and requires little capital investment. Petrochemicals; water (for cooling). Generally unskilled. Varies, can be quite high. Automobile manufacturers, other manufacturers, consumers. Automobile manufacture, other manufacturing industries, packaging, construction, petroleum refining, chemicals and paper. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact: Export Potential: Value of shipments (1978) $21 billion. Increasing output. Good, particularly for automotive and construction component parts manufacture. In construction, the use of plastic pipes, plumbing and siding should increase. Of some concern is availability and cost of petrochemicals used in the industry. Impact effect is indirect - generally for the final product, i.e. cars. At present, less than 5% of total output is exported, due to relatively high cost of shipping most products. However, there are some exports to Latin American and Caribbean countries, as well as to Africa. These ex- ports are generally of electronic or scientific instru- ments, toys, sporting goods, amusement equipment, furniture, packaging and automobile component parts. II-D-73 foreign competition is Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Nc,z,h/Supply: Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/ Supply: Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations In the City: Outside the City: Major Locational Deternii nents All industrialized areas. Near major markets (i.e. near automobile assembly plant). Near highways for truck access; financial support. Molded plastic parts, containers, pipes and fittings. Construction, shipbuilding and repair, mobile homes, electronic and scientific instruments. Highly automated. Use largely unskilled labor. Little training required. Low spatial requirements. Use plastic pellets which are melted in injection molding process and chemicals,both of which are readily available here. In the Miami SMSA there are 116 establishments in SIC 30. Total 1978 employment was 7,225 and estimated payroll was $60.4 million. Growing domestic and foreign (Latin, Caribbean and African) markets. Strong. Export potentials of electronic and scientific instruments, toys, sporting goods, amusement equipment and furniture are good. Major market areas are Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa. MM. all MO Miami Lakes (largest firms) Hialeah Springs Highway access, industrial water supply, soil load - bearing capabilities, solid waste disposal, contract trucking availability. II-D-74 RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS (SIC 30) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI Number of SIC Firm Employees 2079 Blystone Plastics 2 1144 SW 27 Avenue 33135 3079 Designs by Ba'L Custom Creative Plastics 25 NE 39 Street 33137 3079 Morluc Plastics Inc. 1750 N. Miami Avenue 33136 3079 Plastic Graphic Corporation 2520 SW 28 Lane 33133 MIAMI AREA. MAJOR FIRMS (30 Employees or More) 3079 AFA Corporation 14201 NW 60 Avenue Miami Lakes 33014 14 8 547 3079 Advance Plastics 26 905 W 19 Street Hialeah 33010 3069 American Safety Equipment Corporation 133 Inflatable Division 7000 NW 46 Street Miami 33166 3079 Carlon Products 5000 NW 37 Avenue Hialeah Springs 32643 II-D-75 120 RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUSPLASTICS PRODUCTS (SIC 30) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (30 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3079 Creative Manufacturing Inc. 112 601 W 27 Street Hialeah 33011 3079 . General Plastics Corporation 115 3643 Homeline Corporation 6790 SW 81 Terrace Miami 33143 3079 Industrial Plastics r 5701 NW 79 Avenue Miami Lakes 33014 3069 Rotocast Plastic Products 3079 6700 NW 36 Avenue Miami 33147 3079 Security Plastics, Inc. 14427 NW 60 Avenue Miami Lakes 33014 II-D-76 356 32 356 • 10. Food and Kindred Products INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE SIC 20 Meat packing, dairy products; canned fruits and vege- tables; frozen fruits and vegetables; flour, grain and cereals; prepared feed; bread and bakery products; candy; oil; beverages (bottled and canned). PAajor Processes: Canning, freezing, processing, milling, refining, bottling. Resource and Materials Requirements: Crops and livestock; energy; chemicals. Labor Requirements: Unskilled. Capital Requirements: High capital intensity. Major Markets: Largely domestic consumers and restaurants. Related Industries: Eating and drinking; packaging, transporation; printing (i.e. labels) chemicals and agriculture. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE CI:rrent Level of Activity: Value of shipments (1978) $217.5 billion Employment (1978) 1,695 million No. of Establishments (1976) 24,113 Payroll (1976) $17.4 billion Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact: Increasing output; improving technology (particularly connected with use of microwave ovens and increased energy efficiency); increase in both exports and imports. Favorable to excellent outlook in all major categories. Increasing use of plastic and aluminium in lieu of traditional canning material. Limited, most impact in meat products, where strong consumer demand cannot be served by local production. Imports are primarily from Oceania and Denmark. Also some impact in the canned fruits and vegetables area (from Taiwan, Israel, Japan, and Western Europe) and in the wine area. Export Potential: Growing exports in many product areas, including canned fruits (especially cling peaches), and bottled and canned II-D-77 Major Geographic Locations: Major Local Determinents: MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: soft drinks. Increasing competition has reduced potential for exporting processed juices, but frozen juice concentrates still offer opportunities for export. Near crop -growing and livestock -raising locations. Near crop or livestock, highways (truck) access. Dairy products, bread and bakery products, meat packing, beverage bottling and canning, frozen fish, airplane catering. Domestic consumers (through supermarket chains) restaurants and hotels. Unskilled labor, quality and pest control; skilled mechanics (for ovens, air conditioning and refrigeration)in short supply. Expert bakers in demand (most trained in north or mid - west) and experienced industrial maintenance workers. Training/Education Needs: 'Few training needs other than skilled electricians/mechanics, lc i cal schools do not offer sufficient grounding in large scale com- mercial applications for mechanics, airconditioning/refrigeratior technicians and electricians in industrial maintenance. Industry and industrial firms trying to set up programs through local vo-tech schools. Facility Needs: Large garage with easy loading and road access for delivery trucks. Resource and. Materials Needs/ ' Supply: Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Water, energy (for refrigeration and airconditioning, ovens), flour, milk, eggs, shortening, oil, sugar, chemicals, packaging (boxes, cans, bottles, caps, cellophane, paper). 165 establishments in Dade County as of 1976; 6,592 employees earned $79.3 million in wages in 1978. In the City of Miami, there were 100 establishments with 4,400 employees and a $54.7 million payroll (in 1978 dollars) in 1972. Continued reliance on local markets. Future Outlook: Dependent on local markets. II-D-78 • Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Outside the City: Major Locational Determinents: Wynnwood area - East of I95 and along I95 (North from downtown) North Dade Central Unincorporated Dade County (79th Street area, East of Hialeah). Transportation access primarily for delivery trucks; prefer to be near highway entrances. Close to markets; industrial water supply an asset. II-D-79 SIC 2051 2011 MAJOR FIRMS . FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC.20) MIAMI AND PMIAMI AREA MIAMI 1 Firm Name Number of Employees American Bakeries 561 NW 32 Street Miami 33127 Bauer Meat Packers 151 NW 5 Street Miami 33101 2026 Bordon Dairy & Services Div. 2024 Bordon, Inc. 7103 NE 2nd Avenue Miami 33138 2092 Deals Seafood Co. 868 NW 21 Terrace Miami 33127 2033 Florida Juice Division Orange Blossom Products, Inc. 2700 NW 2nd Avenue P.O. Box 9 Miami 33127 2026 McArthur Dairy 6851 NE 2 Avenue Miami 33138 2092 2086 New England Fish Co. 240 NE 71st Street Miami 33138 120 152 105 110 220 550 152 Royal Crown Bottling Co. of Miami 150 550 NW 24 Street Miami 33137 II-D-80 (Continued . . MAJOR FIRMS (Continued) FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC 20) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA SIC Firm Name Number of Employees 2086 Beverage Canners, Inc. 100 3550 N.W. 110 Street Miami, 33167 2011 Central Cold Storage 2092 2900 N.W. 75 Street Miami 33147 2013 Don's Prize Foods Green Giant Corp. 7337 N.W. 37 Avenue Miami 33147 2051 Flowers Baking Co. of Miami Flowers Industries 17800 N.W. Miami Court Miami 33169 2092 Gorton Corp. Division General Mills Corp. 7501 N.W. 25 Street Miami 33146 2013 Howard Jonhson Co. 2017 6901 N.W. 26 Avenue 2051 Miami 33147 2092 100 150 230 350 200 2051 Entenmann's Bakery of Miami, Inc. 250 3325 N.W. 62 Street Miami 33147 2099 M•tarriott In -Flight Service 3500 N.W. 24 Street Miami 33142 II-D-81 (Continued . . 650 SIC MAJOR FIRMS (Continued) FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS (SIC 20) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA Firm Name Number of Employees 2026 Sealtest Foods Division Kraft Inc., Dairy Group 17707 N.W. Miami Court Miami 33169 2086 South Florida Beverage Corp. 7777 N.W. 41 Street Miami 33152 II-D-82 200 350 11. Fabricated Structural Metal Products SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE SIC 34 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Major Processes: Resource and Materials Requirements: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Major Markets: Related Industries: Joists, trusses, specially designed structural frame- work. Welding, forming, drilling, hole punching. Steel, aluminum; energy. Skilled labor. High. Highway projects, residential and commercial building, offshore oil and gas platforms, power transmission towers, etc. Construction, primary metal manufacture. NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Import Impact: Export Potential: Major Geographic Locations: Value of Shipments (1978) Value Added (1978) Employment (1978) Imports (1978) Exports (1978) $5.975 billion $2.719 billion 95,500 $105 million $145 million Increasing output and value added but declining employment. Good, assuming strong growth in construction. Increasing imports of fabricated structural steel, par- ticularly of building and bridge components. Exports have stabilized at about $140 million since 1974 but are expected to increase to $145 - $150 million this year and next. N/A II-D-83 Major Locational Determinents: Access to workers; truck access. MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Fabricated metal connector plates, prefabricated steel structures, sliding aluminum doors, aluminum windows. Construction industry. Labor Force Needs/Supply: Draftsmen in short supply as are experienced tool and die makers. Use mainly unskilled labor. Highly mechanized. Training/Education Needs: Facility Needs: Machinists (4 year program) -- tool and die makers. Plant space with adequate truck access and soil load - bearing capabilities for machinery. Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Steel; mainly domestic. Sources outside Florida (top -grades imported due to lower prices)/ energy. Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations -- In City: 3,429 employees in Dade County as of 1976, employed in 182 establishments. Annual payroll for industry in Dade County in 1976 was $54,047,000. Increased mechanization and streamlining of manufacturing processes. Construction slow down in new home building in 1979 due to rise in interest rates. Experiencing strong demand from office sector and government for transit improve- ments. Tied directly to health of construction industry. Small growth anticipated. Good. Strong markets in Europe and Latin America and other developing nations. Near the Airport (East side) Outside the City: East of Hialeah (in central unincorporated Dade) off the Palmetto. Competitive Cities: Tampa, Atlanta. II-D-84 • Major Locational Determinents: Access to highways (contract trucking) and unskilled labor pool. Rail service desirable but not crucial. II-D-85 RECENT TRENDS IN FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS UNITED STATES 1973-19781/ %Change 1/ Indicator 1973 1974 1975 1976 19771/ 1978— 1977-1978 Value of Shipments 4,189.9 4,841.3 5,355.2 5,204.7 5,195.7 5,975.1 15 (millions of current dollars) Value Added 2,353.3 2,109.4 2,556.4 2,368.3 2,364.2 2,718.6 15 (millions of current dollars) _ Total Employment (000) 105.4 103.6 103.4 96.6 95.0 95.5 0 ✓ Average Hourly Earnings 4.51 5.00 5.43 5.78 6.16 6.412/ o (December, in dollars) cm Value of Exports 87.0 (millions of current dollars) 139.9 142.4 131.7 142.3 145.0 1/ Estimated, except for hourly earnings 2/ As of July 1978 Source: U.S. Industrial Outlook 1979 from Bureau of the Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics, and Industry and Trade Administration. FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (SIC 36) MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI MAJOR FIRMS (50 Employees or More) Number Firm of SIC Employees 3448 Panelfab International Corporation 488 1600 NW LeJune Road 33126 MIAMI SMALLER FIRMS 3442 Ace Jalousie Awning Window and Door Company 4055 NW 17 Avenue 33142 3444 ASP Manufacturing Corporation 285 NW 27 Street 33127 3442 Aire-Lok Co Corporation 3446 250 NW 29 Street 33127 3446 Bonachea Ornamental Ironworks 696 NW 22 Street 33127 3469 Clark Brothers Die Service 2430 NW 38 Street 33142 3452 Dade Screw Machine Products 3451 2319 NW 7 Avenue 33127 3441 Dade Steel Company 46 NE 6 Street 33132 II-D-87 6 20 N/A 36 4 25 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (SIC 36) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI SMALLER FIRMS Number of SIC Firm Employees 3469 Enro Steel Containers 31 2065 NW 7 Avenue 33127 3429 Far -Marc Electro-Plating 3471 2196 NW 17 Avenue 33142 3442 Herreros Ornamental 3446 1878 NW 20 Street 33125 3444 Jalco Incorporated 3446 741 NW 54 Street 33127 3442 Miami Metals Eatherson Enterprises 164 NW 20 Street 33127 3433 Nystrand-Lloyd Corporation 3429 1784 W. Flagler 3469 33135 3446 II-D-88 6 45 16 23 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (SIC 34) 'MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (100 Employees or More) . Number of 'SIC Firm Employees 3444 Aero-Space Systems Mfg., Inc. 3469 6001 NW 153 Street 33014 3446 Aluminaire Division Allied Thermal corporation 1600 NW 165 Street 33169 103 125 3444 Atlas Metal Industries, Inc. 120 3573 Mercury Aircraft 1135 NW 159 Drive 33169 3443 Automated Building Components 530 3444 7525 NW 37 Avenue 3542 33159 3496 Bataco Industries, Inc. 102 1015 NW 72 Street 33138 3444 Cabanerama Industries 3448 435 E 10 Court, Hialeah 33010 3442 Climatrol Corporation 3446 6900 NW 77 Court 33166 3442 Crossly Window, Company 3444 ; Division of Buildex, Inc. 7375 NW 35 Avenue 33147 II-D-89 100 100 360 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS (SIC 34) Cont'd MIAMI AND MIAMI AREA MIAMI AREA MAJOR FIRMS (100 Employees or More) Number of SIC Firm Employees 3442 Endur-A-Lifetime Products 108 3444 7500 NW 72 Avenue 3448 33166 3442 Firedoor Corporation of Florida 110 7400 NW 13 Avenue 33147 3442 Keller Aluminum Products of Florida 300 18000 State Road 9 33162 3442 Miller Industries 200 3446 16295 NW 13 Avenue 33169 3442 Pan American Aluminum Corporation 350 3444 2805 NE 185 Street 33163 3429 Perko, Inc. 335 16490 NW 13 Avenue 33164 3444 United States Foundry Mfg. Co. 100 '8351 NW 93 Street 33166, 3499 Wollard Aircraft Equipment Division 180 Heath Tecma 6950 NW 77 Court 33166 3442 Yale Ogron Manufacturing Co. 3444 671 W 18 Street, Hialeah 33010 II-D-90 200 E. Construction: Summary Industry Characteristics CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY In general, the construction industry is cyclical and highly dependent on the state of the economy. In the past few years, during an expansionary period, the industry has prospered especially in the Sun -belt region. For the immediate future, however, a downturn -- particularly in housing -- is expected. While this decline may be offset by commercial building and ,ublic construction, recessionary and inflationary influences will likely result in only moderate growth over the next five years. In the Miami area, large government projects -- including Government Center and the transit system -- will generally compensate for decreased, demand for housing construction. Office construction is expected to be strong, based on the large number of projects now in planning stages. In addition to local activities, the Miami construction industry appears to be well positioned to tap foreign markets in the Caribbean, Columbia, and Venezuela areas in need•of United States equipment and technical expertise. Given needs for warehouse space and accessibility, potential growth for this industry in the City of Miami appears limited. II-E-1 SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Housing, commercial, public. Resource and Materials Requirements: Steel/metal, concrete/cement, plastic, glass, lumber, bricks, paint Labor Requirements: High; varied skill levels. Capital Requirements: Significant. Major Markets: Housing, commercial industry and business, public sector. Related Industries: Cement manufacture, forestry,plastics, fabricated structural metal."' NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determinents: Value of new construction put in place (1978) Employment (1976) Number of establishments (1976) Payroll (1976) $197.75 billion 3,443,764 394,963 $48.3 billion Increasing level of activity in past few years, based on recovery from the recession. Housing downturn in 1979 expected, to be offset by commercial building - public construction to remain steady. Overall, small growth anticipated. Continued moderate growth is forecast to 1983, due to high rate of inflation. Shift to Sunbelt expected to continue, along with shift to prefabrication technology. Throughout U.S. - increasing activity in Sun Belt. Near areas of demand for new construction. MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor. Force Need/Supply: Traning/Educators Needs: Facility Needs: Resource and Materials Needs/Supply: Current Level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Export Potential: Major Geographical Locations -- In the City: Outside the City: Major Locational Determinents: Housing, commercial, public. Housing, business and industry, government Need for a wide variety of types of labor; local area supply may not be adequate. Range of training, including carpentry, plumbing, electrical. Office space, warehouse space Steel/metal, concrete, plastic,and glass required - must be purchased primarily from outside the area. Number of employees (1978) 27,343 Number of establishments (1978) 3,073 Payroll (1978) $345.8 million Strong housing market Strong demands from office sector and from government, for transit and other improvements as well as office space. Tremendous growth in construction in Caribbean and Columbia and Venezuela represent good opportunity for local industry to export equipment and technical knowledge. No particular concentration No particular concentration (1) Contractors -- require warehouse space. (2) Builders -- require office space in central location and on -site trailers. F. Health Services HEALTH SERVICES The following characterizes the Miami health services industry: - It is the largest industry in South Florida (Dade, Broward and Monroe County) with a 1978 employment in Dade hospitals of about 23,000, '" up 19,350 in 1976. - Demand for health care services comes from both the local elderly population (and other area residents) as well as from Latin Americans and other visitors. Many of these come for special treatment and from areas that are expected to grow in the next several years Among the area hospitals attracting patients from outside are Bascolm Palmer Eye Institute and Ann Bates Leach Eye Hospital (for cataracts and special eye surgery), the Miami Heart Institute in Miami Beach, and Mercy Hospital ( for neurological intensive care and cardiac rehabilitation). - University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Center, the largest medical facility in the Southeast, employs almost 8,000 people in its affiliated hospitals and outpatient clinics. It is the only public hospital (besides the Veteran's Administration Hospital) which serves the City of Miami. (see page II-F-3) - Atotal of 11,824 beds are available in Dade's 35 major hospitals. Of these, eight are located in the City of Miami (with 4,166 beds) and 27 in the Miami area (with 7,658 beds). (page II-F-5) • II-F-1 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION Major Product Types: Labor Requirements: Capital Requirements: Related Industries: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS HEALTH SERVICES Hospitals, physician services, dentist services, other professional services, drugs, eyeglasses and appliances,, nursing homes, R and D facilities. Large need for both technical and support labor., Expensive equipment frequently required. Medical instruments, furniture, bedlinen•s, plastics, electronic equipment, insurance, government NATIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Current level of Activity: Recent Trends: Future Outlook: Major Geographic Locations: Major Locational Determents: Total spending (1978) Number of establishments (1976) Employment (1976) Payroll (1976) $187 billion 263;576 4,089,115 $39.6 billion Increasing spending and rapidly rising costs; continual demand for improved and increasing medical care; technological innovations. Increas- ing public concern over cost containment. Increased use of HMO concept. New approaches to effective and efficient provision of health care services should be forthcoming. The need for such services should continue to increase, particularly in view of aging of "baby boom" generation. All heavily populated areas. Near markets; near major hospitals. II-F-2 MIAMI GROWTH PERSPECTIVE Major Product Types: Major Markets: Labor Force Needs/Supply: Training/Education Needs:' Facility Needs: Resource and Material Needs/Supply: Current level of Activity: Recent Trends: Hospitals; nursing homes; physicians, dentists, optometrists, psychiatrists, and other professional services; drugs; eyeglasses and appliances; R & D. Elderly population, other residents, Latin Americans. Large need for technical and support personnel, local supply may be inadequate in some areas (particularly nurses and orderlies). Nursing education Optometrist training Pharmacist training Hospitals, nursing homes, private offices. Extensive supplies available from local vendors. Use disposable, sterile supplies; medical mechanical equipment; linen and pharmaceuticals. Energy, water. Employed 40,475 people in Dade County, in 1978. Of these 23,038 were employed in hospitals, (8,000 at UM/ Jackson Memorial Medical Center). Payroll was $498. million. 1976 data for the SMSA: Number of Offices of Health Professionals - Number of Nursing & Personal Care facilities Number of Hospitals - Number of Medical & Dental Labs - • 5,127 34 38 129 As of 1972, there were 32 dental labortories, with 80 employees, in the City of Miami. Continued demand for health care from large elderly component of the population as well as from other area residents. Increased demand from Latin American markets. Growing controversy over regulation of the industry. II-F-3 Future Outlook: Major Geographicaal Locations -- In the City: Outside the City: Competitive City: Major Locational Determinents: "Recession -proof industry" expected to grow despite possible economic setbacks faced by other sectors. Continued expansion and concentra- tion of local services to meet demands of popu- lation and growing Latin American market. Spiral- ling costs (due to expanding and expensive technol- ogy and labor) trend may slow down due to govern- ment limits set at 9%. Expanding health insurance coverage, technological advancement (particularly in diagnostics) and increased government spending will encourage growth. Will become more significant as an international medical center for Caribbean Basin countries and play a significant part in improvements of health care delivery system in. many parts of the region. University of Miami/Jackson Memorial and 16th Street) Mercy Hospital (Coconut Grove) Population Centers Hialeah Hospital Baptist Hospital South Miami Hospital, Mt. Sinai Medical Center Tampa Near markets. II-F-4 (NW 12th Avenue - Hialeah ▪ Kendall - South Miami - Miami Beach HOSPITALS MIAMI Number of Number of Beds Employees Bascom Palmer Eye Institute and 100 318 Anne Bates Leach Eye Hospital 900 NW 17 Street Miami Cedars of Lebanon Health Care Center 924 1,208 1400 NW 12 Avenue Miami P.L. Dodge Memorial Hospital 39 59 1861 NW South River Drive Miami Jackson Memorial Hospital 1,250 5,785 1611 NW 12 Avenue Miami Mercy Hospital 569 1,600 3663 South Miami Avenue Miami Pan American Hospital 146 394 5959 NW 7 Street Miami Veterans. Administration Hospital 838 2,085 1201 NW 16 Street Miami Victoria Hospital, 955 NW 3 Street Miami MIAMI AREA Biscayne Medical Center 2801 NE 209 Street Miami 300 636 458 556 • Abbey Hospital & Medical Center 52 163 5190 SW 8 Street Coral Gables American Hospital 11750 Bird Road Mi ami II-F-5 412 687 Number of Number of Beds Employees Baptist Hospital of Miami, Inc. 513 1,291 8900 North Kendall Drive Miami Coral Gables Hospital 321 649 3100 Douglas Road Coral Gables Coral Reef General Hospital 260 392 9333 SW 152 Street Miami Doctors Hospital 285 800 5000 University Drive Coral Gables Grant Medical Center Hospital 100 180 20601.SW 157 Avenue Miami Highland Park General Hospital 106 174 1660 NW 7 Cqurt Miami Hialeah Hospital 411 1,016 651 E 25 Street Hialeah International Hospital 352 656 17300 NW 7 Avenue Extension Miami James Archer Smith Hospital 120 290 160 NW 13 Street Miami Larkin General Hospital 112 226 7031 SW 62 Avenue Miami Miami Heart Institute 258 1,017 4701 North Meridian Avenue Miami Beach Mount Sinai Medical Center 699 2,661, 4300 Alton Road Miami Beach North Dade Hospital 77 116 14710 NW 27 Avenue 0pa Locka II-F-6 Number of Number of Beds_ Employees North Miami General Hospital 334 799 1701 NE 127 Street North Miami North Shore Hospital 358 735 9200 NW 11 Avenue Miami Osteopathic General Hospital 264 558 1750 NE 167 Street North Miami Beach Palmetto General Hospital 360 735 2001 W 68 Street Hialeah Palm Springs General Hospital 247 600 1475 W 49 Street Hialeah Parkway General Hospital 412 1,223 160 NW 170 Street North Miami Beach St. Francis Hospital 253 829 250 W 63 Street Miami Beach South Miami Hospital. 428 1,355 7400 SW 62 Avenue South Miami South Shore Hospital 178 293 6300 Alton Road Miami Beach Variety Children's Hospital 188 803 6125 SW 31 Street Miami Westchester General Hospital .100 200 2500 SW 75 Avenue Miami Source: American Hospital Association Annual Survey of Hospitals, 1978 and the South Florida Hospital Association, May, 1979. II-F-7 III. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT 0 A. Comparative Employment Trends By Category, :U.S., Florida, Miami Economic Region, and Dade County, 1972-1977 COMPARATIVE EMPLOYMENT TREADS THE U. S., FLORIDA, THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION, AND DADE COUNTY Growth in the Miami economy is, in part, dependent on changes in the larger,regional and national economies. To the extent that Miami can maintain its share of expanding industry sectors, potentials for increased activity are enhanced. To gain an understanding of Miami's current position,recent employment trends have been examined for: the United States; the State of Florida; the Miami Economic Region and Dade County. As noted below: 1. Only moderate employment gains were noted in the national economy between 1970 and 1977. Setting aside the 1974- 1975 recession period when actual declines were recorded, total United States employment increased by an average of 2 percent per year over the last five years. An acceleration in growth, however, was registered during the expansionary, post -recession years with employment up 3 percent per annum. (page III-A-3) 2. Both the State of Florida and the Miami Economic Region were generally subject to more extreme job fluctuations than the United States as a whole for 1972-1977. Higher growth rates were recorded in periods of national expansion, but larger declines were registered during times of contraction. In overall terms, however, Florida and the Miami Economic Region out -performed the nation as reflected in total job increases on a percent basis.(page III-A-3) 3..Primary sectors supporting substantial job growth during 1972-1977 included trade; finance, insurance and rea: es:a:e; and service categories. Sectoral growth within the Dade III-A-1 County economy, in particular, concentrated on these industries. Since Miami's profile parallels that for the nation in this respect, it should be well positioned to capture proportionate shares of future national economic expansion. (page III-A-4). 4. Overall, Dade County's economic performance has been mixed in relation to that of the region and the nation. While not comparing favorably to the Economic Region as a whole during 1972-1977, more recent (1976-1977) employment trends show Dade exceeding rates for the nation and "catching up" to that of the region. (page III-A-3). 5. Principal sectors accounting for Dade County employment growth during the 1972-1977 period included: - transportation and public utilities; and - wholesale trade. The county also out -performed the nation in: - construction jobs gained; - manufacturing; and - governmental employment. (see page III-A-4) 6. With respect to the Economic Region, however, Dade County has been losing market shares in many sectors as increasing levels of economic activity are attracted to Broward County. (page III-A-4). III-A-2 TRENDS Its TOTAL EMPLOYMENT THE UNITED STATES, FLORIDA, THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION, AND DADE COUNTY 1972-1977 The Miami Time Period The U.S.. Florida Economic Region—� Dade County Year 1972 88,970,562 3,084,036 921,853 664,597 1973 92,309,248 3,346,771 1,005,090 713,532 1974 93,905,324 3,434,053 1,019,639 715,644 1975 92,331,204 3,317,254 961,874 677,101 1976 94,685,804 3,351,789 969,326 681,176 1977 97,843,874 3,521,661 1,022,728 709,840 Interval Percent Change 1972-1973 1973-1974 1974-1975 1975-1976 1976-1977 1972-1977 (Total) 3.8% 1.7% -1.7% 2.6% 3.3% 10.0% 8.5% 2.6% -3.4% �o 1.0% 5.1% 14.2% 9.0% 1.4% -5.7% 0.8% 5.5% 10.9% 7.4% 0.3% -5.4% 0.6% 6.8 1/ Dade and Brown rd Counties only. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; Regional Economic Information System; Gladstone Associates. III-A-3 PERCENT CHANGE IN EMPLOYMENT SELECTED IN MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CATEGORIES THE UNITED STATES, FLORIDA, THE MIAt1I ECONOtMIC REGION AND DADE COUNTY 1972-1977 1972-1977 (Average Annual) 1976-1977 The Miami Dade The Miami Dade Industrial Category The U.S. Florida Economic Region County The U.S. Florida_ Economic Region County Construction 0.5% -4.0% -6.2% -6.1% 7.3% 9.4% 11.3% 8.7% Manufacturing 017% 2.3% 1.8% 0.3% 3.5% 9.2% 10.2% 5.7% Transportation and 4.5% Public Utilities 0.8% 1.4% 1.0% 0.5% 2.9% 3.2% 4.9% Wholesale Trade 4.1% 3.3% 4.8% 4.5% 3.8% 2.4% 5.1% 5.2% Retail Trade 3.0% 3.9% 2.2% 0.7% 4.4% 5.2% 4.8% 2.9% Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 2.3% 5.0% 3.4% 1.3% 4.2% 6.9% 5.5% 3.6% Services 3.7% 4.1% 2.8% 1.4% 4.4% 5.5% 5.4% 4.4% Government 1.5% 3.7% 4.9% 4.7% 0.9% 2.7% 2.9% 2.9% Total Employment 2.0% 2.9% 2.2% 1.4% 3.3% 5.1% Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Information System; Gladstone Associates. 5.5% 4.2% II u II! �u,II grlmeieeia�mora • B. Shift -Share Analysis, 1973-1976, By Two -Digit SIC SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS In order to further delineate Dade County employment changes in the regional and national context, a shift -share analysis was undertaken'to disaggregate changes noted into three major components related to: 1. The amount of local change attributable to growth in total regional employment; 2. The amount of local change attributable to growth in that specific industry sector in the region; and 3. The amount of local change attributable to the local area's capture of regional growth in the specific industry sector. Two separate levels were analyzed in this respect. At the first level, the Miami Economic Region was compared to the United States. At the second, Dade County was compared to the Miami Economic Region. Both analyses engaged single -digit and two -digit SIC levels. The results of this shift -share evaluation,together with an explanation of the methodology employed, are presented below. In general, the analys.i.s indicates that growth for the Miami Economic Region,as well as Dade Count:, reflected national/regional and industry mix effects, rather than increasing competitive position effects. In selected categories, however, both the Region and Dade economies did enhance their competitive positions in the 1973-1976 period.. Major findings of the shift -share analysis are summarized below. Miami Economic Region vis-a-vis the United States -- The Miami Economic Region lost market share to other United States locations in every major industrial category except manufacturing.(page III-B-6) III-B-1. - - Within manufacturing, the Region improved its market position in several categories, including: - transportation equipment • electric and electronic equipment - apparel and other textile products - instruments and related products - textile mill products; and (page III-B-8) - -; In non -manufacturing sectors, the Region improved competitively in selected subcategories: - transportation services (transportation sector); - banking and credit agencies other than banks (finance, insurance and real estate sector); and - health, legal and educational services, and membership organizations (services sector). (pages III-B-9 to III-B-12) Dade County vis-a-vis the Miami Economic Region Dade County's competitive position in the region declined for all major industries. (page III-B-7) -- In three sub -manufacturing categories, however, Dade ouii;performed the region: - textile mill products - rubber and miscellaneous plastics products;. and - furniture and fixtures (page III-B-13) III-B-2 • • -- Dade also gained with respect to other jurisdictions in the Economic Region.in: - water transportation related activities (transportation sector); — furniture and home furnishing stores (retail trade sector); - holding and other investment offices (finance, insurance and real estate sector); and - educational and .miscellaneous services (services sector). (pages III-B-14 to III-B-17) III-B-3 ILLUSTRATION OF CALCULATIONS An illustration of the calculation of these effects is given below, using growth .in the services sector in the Miami Economic Region (MER) as an example. 1. Actual Growth cR) -- Actual growth is the actual change in employment in the industry sector in the local area (in this case the MER) between two years: Year/Interval Services Employment, MER 1976 -1973 Change, 1973-1976 239,135 -218,266 20,919 2. National Growth Effect (N) -- The National Growth Effect is derived by applying the percent change in total U.S. employ- ment during the time period to the 1973 level of employment in the services sector in the MER: National Growth Rate for total employment 1973 - 1976: 1973 services employ- ment, Miami Economic x Region 2.2402% x 218,266 National Growth Effect = 4,889 3: Net Relative Change (R-N) -- The net relative chanqr, I; thrr growth in the services sector in the 1ICR, a(1ju'.tfr(1 for growth in'the overall national economy and is calculdU:'1 by ing the national growth effect (N) from the actual growth (10: Actual Growth - National Growth Effect = Net Relative Change III-B-4 20,919 - 4,889 16,030 4. Industry Mix Effect (M) -- The industry mix effect is cal- culated by taking the difference between the growth rate in the services sector in the U.S. and the growth rate in total employment in the U.S., and then applying this per- cent to the 1973 level of services employment in the MER. Growth Rate for the 12.7648% U.S. Services Sector Growth Rate for Total' ▪ U.S. Employment - 2.2402% Relative Industry = 10.5246% • Mix Growth, U.S. 1973 Services x Employment MER x 218,266 P Industry Mix Effect 22,972 5. Competitive Effect (S) -- The Competitive effect is derived by taking the difference between the growth rate of the MER services sector and the growth rate of the U.S. services sector, and applying the resulting rate to the 1973 level of services employment in the MER: Growth Rate for the 9.5842% MER Services Sector Growth Rate for the ▪ U.S. Services Sector - 12.7548% Relative Competitive = Growth, MER = (3.1806%) 1973 Services x Employment, MER x 218,266 = Competitive Effect = (6,941) III-B-5 SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION" SELECTED MAJOR INDUSTRY CATEGORIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive Major Industry Category -Actual Growth Growth Effect = Change = Mix Effect + Effect . (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) Construction (38,463) 2,049 (40,512) (9,108) (31,403) Manufacturing ( 3,731) 3,062 ( 6,793) (8,612) 1,823 Transportation and Other Public Utilities ( 6,309) 1,798 ( 8,107) (2,810) ( 5,299) Wholesale Trade 32 1,323 ( 1,291) 1,905 ( 3,228) co o, Retail Trade 3,911 4,655 ( 744) 5,320 ( 6,068) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate ( 4,592) 1,921 ( 6,513) 3,513 (10,024) Services 20,919. 4,889 16,039 22,972 ( 6,941) 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: Gladstone Associates H uql app Rn911'IiRR WT1 • SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR • THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION!/AND DADE COUNTY SELECTED MAJOR INDUSTRY CATEGORIES 1973-1976 Major "Industry Category Construction Manufacturing Transportation and Other Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates Actual Growth (R) (19,457) (5,401) (6,662) (1,484) (9,412) (5,077) 4,447 National Growth Effect (N) (1,634) (3,391) (2,256) (1,600) (4,274) (1,979) (5,064) Net Relative = Change (R-N) (17,823) (2,010) (4,406) 116 (5,138) (3,098) 9,511 Industry = Mix Effect (M) (17,166) 857 (2,596) 1,600 6,473 (921) 18,349 Competitive + Effect (S) (657) (2,868) (1,809) (1,484) (11,611) (2,177) (8,838) SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION1/ SELECTED MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth Growth Effect = Change = Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) 20 Food and Kindred Products 752 (401) 1,153 105 1,047 22 Textile Mill Products 708 (190) 898 (267) 1,165 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 1,008 (884) 1,892 (247) 2,139 --. 25 Furniture and Fixtures (2,027) (268) (1,759) (694) (1,065) m 27 Printing and Publishing 106 (514) 620 408 212 co 30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products 71 (257) 328 549 (221) 31 Leather and Leather Products (133) (133) 0 (82) 82 34 Fabricated Metal Products (4,611) (526) (4,085) 782 (4,867) 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 593 (504) 1,097 (1,137) 2,234 37 Transportation Equipment 1,778 (502) 2,280 455 2,735 P 38 Instruments and Related Products 2,376 (123) 2,499 953 1,546 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: Gladstone Associates 11 I !'11111111MIIIIIMMI SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION - SELECTED TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 42 Trucking and Warehousing 44 Water Transportation 45 Transportation By Air 47 Transportation Services 48 Communication J Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates Actual Growth (R) (1,321) (642) (4,728) 1,316 (245) National Growth Effect (N) (109) (57) (396) (44) (257) Net Relative = Change _ (R-N) (1,212) (585) (4,332) 1,360 12 Industry Competitive = Mix Effect + Effect (M) (269) (160) 62 739 400 (S) (942) (425) (4,393) 621 (387) SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION/ SELECTED RETAIL TRADE INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 -SIC .Industry Category 53 General Merchandise Stores 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings 58 Eating and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail Administrative and Auxiliary Actual Growth (R) (6,066) (335) National Growth Effect (N) 1,942 832 Stores (1,200) 562 6,689 3,067 4,370 1,131 (732) 579 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates Net Relative Industry = Change = Mix Effect (R-N) (M) (8,008) (8,005) (1,167) (244) (1,762) (723) 3,622 7,650 3,239 3,577 (1,311) 3,007 Competitive + Effect (S) ( 2) (922) (1,039) (4,029) (338) (4,318) ITO IIIIR4 911PRT'.SI1/1 • SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION— SELECTED FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth Growth Effect = __CTA_e__= Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) 60 Banking 1,986 880 1,106 521 584 61 Credit Agencies Other than Banks 2,672 593 2,079 584 1,496 65 Real Estate (12,265) 2,643 (14,908) (6,793) (8,113) 00 67 Holding and Other Investment Offices 1,738 145 1,593 1,667 (75) Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE UNITED STATES AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION- 1/ SELECTED SERVICES INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth Growth Effect = Change = Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places (462) 5,148 (5,610) (5,511) (99) 73 Business Services 172 4,553 (4,381) 630 (5,011) 79 Amusement and Recreation Services 294 2,017 (1,723) 201 (1,925) Do 80 Health Services 13,232 5,821 7,411 3,021 4,389 na 81 Legal Services 2,153 904 1,249 636 613 82 Educational Services 374 1,948 (1,574) (2,383) 809 86 Membership Organizations 186 1,642 (1,456) (4,009) 2,554 89 Miscellaneous Services (1,570) 1,387 (2,957) (2,307) (650) 1 Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates I of n 1 I!!11Il111II 111•01R!1 410 • SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION —AND DADE COUNTY SELECTED MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth Growth Effect = Change = Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) 20 Food and Kindred Products (103) (204) 101 774 (673) 22 Textile Mill Products 902 (119) 1,021 779 242 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 497 (561) 1,058 1,515 (456) 25 Furniture and Fixtures (1,603) (146) (1,457) (1,502) 45 --. 393 27 Printing and Publishing (393) (203) (190) 266 (455) 00 30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastic 438 194 245 w Products 301 (137) 31 Leather and Leather Products (133) (89) (44) (44) 0 34 Fabricated Metal Products (4,240) (264) (3,976) (3,187) (789) 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 201 (122) 323 335 (12) 37 Transportation Equipment 446 (113) 559 709 (150) 38 Instruments and Related Products 1,407 (70) 1,477 2,087 (610) 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION'SAND DADE COUNTY SELECTED TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net Competitive National Relative Industry + Effect SIC- Industry Category Actual Growth - Growth Effect = Change = Mix (Effect M) (S) (R) (N) (R-N) 470 (637) (444) (192) 42 Trucking and Warehousing (1,107) ( ) 632 44 Water Transportation 241 (215) 456 (176) 45 Transportation By Air (5,169) (2,349) (2,820) (2,155) (664) 47 Transportation Services 883 (215) 1,098 1,237 (140) 03 236 832 (1,068) r. 48 Communication (1,218) (982) ( ) 1/ Dade, Boward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates ei i u1mp!!Ul x, • SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION— AND DADE COUNTY SELECTED RETAIL TRADE INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 53 General Merchandise Stores 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings 58 Eating and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail Administrative and Auxiliary Actual Growth (R) (4,536) (1,593) Stores (270) (1,909) 1,504 (1,883) 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates Net National Relative - Growth Effect = Change (N) (R-N) 381 (4,917) 176 (1,769) 88 (358) 579 (2,488) 213 1,291 189 (2,072) Industry Competitive = Mix Effect + Effect (M) (5) (3,844) (1,073) (383) (1,387) (636) 278 3,092 (5,580) 2,176 (885) (884) (1,188) SH1FT-SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION1/AND DADE COUNTY SELECTED FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth Growth Effect = Change = Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (5) 60 Banking 1,028 (441) 1,469 1,616 (147) 61 Credit Agencies Other than Banks 393 (314) 707 1,985 (1,279) 65 Real Estate (9,030) (1,423) (7,607) (6,390) (1,217) co 67 Holding and Other Investment Offices 1,369 (93) 1,462 1,413 49 r ch 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates I 1101.11 I!I. Il IIlI!Lewil! i • i SHIFT -SHARE ANALYSIS FOR THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION —AND DADE COUNTY SELECTED SERVICES INDUSTRIES 1973-1976 Net National Relative Industry Competitive SIC Industry Category Actual Growth - Growth Effect = _§..t_Ig_e__= Mix Effect + Effect (R) (N) (R-N) (M) (S) 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places (1,043) 2,406 (3,449) (2,693) (755) 73 Business Services (2,413) 2,330 (4,743) (2,214) (2,529) .. 79 Amusement and Recreation Services (1,573) 772 (2,345) (622) (1,723) 81 Legal Services 1,307 450 857 976 (120) 82 Educational Services 924 1,105 (181) (882) 642 86 Membership Organizations (29) 760 (789) (645). (144) 89 Miscellaneous Services (841) 664 (1,505) (1,664) 159 1/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: Gladstone Associates Major Industrial Categories - Agricultural Services, Forestry and Fisheries Minning Contract Construction Manufacturing Transportation and Other Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services Miscellaneous Total Employment1/ PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT TRENDS`IN MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CATEGORIES'/ UNITED STATES 1973-1976 1973 Percent Number of Total 225,341 602,236 3,731,774 19,768,681 4,018,043 4,224,245 12,378,033 4,137,997 11,830,536 358,256 61,275,142 0.4% 1.0% 6.1% 32.3% 6.6% 6.9% 20.2% 6.8% 19.3% 0.6% 1976 Percent Number of Total 227,505 763,017 3,443,764 18,965,344 3,967,347 4,455,130 12,972,228 4,400,206 13,340,684 112,621 100.0% 62,647,846. Average Annual Change• 1973-1976 Number Percent 0.4% 721 0.3% 1.2% 53,594 8.9% 5.5%-96,003 -2.6% 30.3%-267,779 =1.4% 6.3%-16,899 -0.4% 7.1% 76,962 1.8% 20.7% 198,065 1.6% 7.0% 87,403 2.1% 21.3% 503,383 4.3% 0.2%-21,878 -22.9% 100.0% 457,568 0.7% to ent at place of work; excludes government employees, self-employed persons', railroad employees, 1/ Covered emp ym farm workers and domestic services workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. �1I ""IIIINI!11111111'IAI@¢} 24 25 26 - 27 28 29 30 i EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN MANUFACTURING/ UNITED STATES 1973-1976 1973 . •176 SIC Industry Category. 19 Ordnance and Accessories 20 Food and Kindred Products 21 Tobacco Manufacturers 22 Textile Mill Products 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products Lumber and Wood Products Furniture and Fixtures Paper and Allied Products Printing and Publishing Chemicals and Allied Products Petroleum and Coal Products Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products 31 Leather and Leather Products 32 Stone, Clay and Glass Products 33 Primary Metal Industries 34 Fabricated Metal Products 35 Machinery, Except Electrical 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 37 Transportation Equipment 38 Instruments and Related Products 409,727 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 445,268 Industries Administrative and Auxiliary 1,059,539 Total Manufacturing Number 234,856 1,526,231 66,458 980,478 1,396,228 612,960 509,707 650,431 1,091,217 869,259 136,819 619,926 271,375 618,159 1,231,138 1,414,070 1,948,983 1,855,682 1,820,170 19,768,681 Percent of Total 1.2% -- -78,285 -33.3% 7.7% 1,480,477 7.8%-15,251 -1.0% 0.3% 63,025 0.3% -1,144 -1.7% 5.0% 884,485 4.7%-31,998 -3.3% 7.1% 1,323,531 7.0% -24,232 -1.7% 3.1% 632,512 3.3% 6,517 1.1% 2.6% 435,258 2.3%-24,816 -4.9% 3.3% 615,208 3.2%-11,741 -1.8% -3,043 -0.3% 5.7% 5.5% 1,082,089 -0.5% 4.4% 856,468 4.5% -4,264 1.7% 0.7% 143,829 0.8% 2,337 3.4% 9,556 1.5% 3.1% 648,595 1.4% 253,5181.3% -12,549 -5,952 -2.2% -2.0% 3.1% 580,512 3.1% -3.5% 6.2% 1,102,003 5.8%-43,045 7.2% 1,442,054 7.6% 9,328 0.7%13,929 0.7% 9.9% 1,990,770 10.5% 9.4% 1,610,180 8.5%-81,834 -4.4% -47,017 .6% -2 9.2% 1,679,119 8.9% 2.2% 2.1% 522,531 2.8% 37,601 433,937 2.3% -3,777 -0.8% 5.4 5.4%% 1,185,243 6.2% 41,901 4.0% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Percent percent Number of Total Number 100.0% 18,965,344 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. 100.0% -267,779 -1.4% EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES1/ UNITED STATES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Cateogry 41 Local and Interurban Passenger 9.2% 303,919 7.7%-22,396 -6.0% Transit 371,106 42 Trucking and Warehousing 1,135,087 28.2% 1,085,372 27.4%-16,572 -1.5%. -1.6% 44 Water Transportation 195,574 4.9% 186,129 4.7% -3,148 -., 1-4 45 Transportation by Air 343,633 8.6% 339,979 8.6% -1,218 -0.4% 46 Pipe Line Transportation 0.3% 14,134 0.4% 74 0.5% 00 13,911 0.5% c 47 Transportation Services 120,304 3.0% 144,081 3.6% 7,926 48 Communication 1,125,217 28.0% 1,133,198 28.6% 2,660 0.2% Services 662,653 16.5% 657,410 49 Electric, Gas and Sanitary-1,748. -0.3% 16.6% -- Administrative and Auxiliary 50,558 1.3% 103,125 2.6% 17,522 34.7% Total Transportation and Other Public Utilities 4,018,043 100.0% 3,967,347 100.0% -16,899 -0.4% Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. 1!opt, mm 1 PIIIM11.110115IPTAPlemS11 • • SIC Industry Category 52 Building Materials and Garden Supplies 53 General Merchandise Stores .. 54 Food Stores 55 Automotive Dealers and °D Service Stations N 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 58 Eating and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail Administrative and Auxiliary Total Retail Trade EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN RETAIL TRADE1/ UNITED STATES 1973-1976 Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 523,303 . 4.2% 441,837 3.4%-27,155 -5.2% 2,319,931 18.7% 1,923,939 14.8%-131,997 -5.7% 1,772,666 14.3% 1,930,939 14.9% 52,758 3.0% 1,828,582 14.8% 1,727,271 13.3%-33,770 -1.8% 803,296 6.5% 834,315 6.4% 10,340 1.3% 500,125 4.0% 492,301 3.8% -2,608 -0.5% 2,894,252 23.4% 3,447,070 26.6% 184,273 6.4% 1,342,022 10.8% 1,647,405 12.7% 101,794 7.6% 393,856 3.2% 527,151 4.1% 44,432 11.3% 12,378,033 100.0% 12,972,228 100.0% 198,065 1.6% 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE / UNITED STATES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 60 Banking 61 Credit Agencies Other Than Banks 62 Security, Commodity Brokers and Services 14 64 Insurance Agents, Brokers and n Services 65 Real Estate 66 Combined Real Estate, Insurance, Etc. 67 Holding and Other Investment Offices -- Administrative and Auxiliary Total Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 63 Insurance Carriers Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 1,130,789 27.3% 1,244,846 28.3% 38,019 3.4% 408,109 9.9% 459,433 10.4% 17,108 4.2% 195,990 4.7% 173,548 3.9% -7,481 -3.8% 1,039,000 25.1% 1,081,555 24.6% 14,185 1.4% 305,049 7.4% 360,994 8.2% 18,648 6.1% 910,017 22.0% 819,474 18.6%-30,181 -3.3% 38,205 0.9% 29,317 0.7% -2,963 -7.8% 85,885 2.1% 153,862 3.5% 22,659 26.4% 24,953 0.6% 77,177 1.8% 17,408 69.8% 4,137,997 100.0% 4,400,206 100.0% 87,403 2.1% 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. mi. • SIC Industry Category 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places 72 Personal Services 73 Business Services 75 Auto Repair, Services and Garages 76 Miscellaneous Repair Services 78 Motion Pictures 79 Amusement and Recreation Services 80 Health Services 81 Legal Services 82 Educational Services 83 Social Services 84 Museums, Botanical, Zoological Gardens R6 Membership Organizations 89 Miscellaneous Services -- Administrative and Auxiliary Total Services • EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN SERVICES - UNITED STATES 1973-1976 1973 1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number 898,638 7.6% 890,512 6.7% -2,709 909,415 7.7% 880,718 6.6% -9,566 1,856,903 15.7% 2,126,688 15.9% 89,928 435,549 3.7% 444,165 3.3% 2,872 222,642 1.9% 242,767 1.8% 6,708 190,137 1.6% 184,607 1.4% -1,843 494,019 4.2% 563,380 4.2% 23,120 3,425,013 29.0% 4,089,115 30.7% 221,367 298,218 2.5% 363,088 2.7% 21,623 1,012,312 8.6% 983,431 7.4% -9,627 723,119 5.4% 241,040 21,266 0.2% 23,398 0.2% 711 1,312,704 11.1% 1,071,128 8.0% -80,525 698,946 5.9% 639,787 4.8%-19,720 54,774 0.5% 114,781 0.9% 20,002 11,830,536 100.0% 13,340,684 100.0% 503,383 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers and domestic service workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Percent -0.3% -1.1% 4.8% 0.7% 3.0% -1.0% 4.7% 6.5% 7.3% -1.0% 33.3% 3.3% -6.1% -2.8% 36.5% 4.3% Major Industrial Categories Agricultural Services, Forestry and Fisheries Minning Contract Construction Manufacturing Transportation and Other Public 0, Utilities 4* Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services Miscellaneous Total Employment/ PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CATEGORIES1' MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION/ 1973-1976 Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 6,052 0.7% 5,504 0.6% -183 -3.0% 790 0.1% 718 0.1% -24 -3.0% 91,468 10.3% 53,005 6.2%-12,821 -14.0% 136,700 15.3% 132,969 15.5% -1,244 -0.9% 30,282 9.0% 73,973 8.6% -2,103 -2.6% 59,063 6.6% 59,095 6.9% 11 207,811 23.3% 211,722 24.6% 1,304 0.6% 85,746 9.6% 81,154 9.4% -1,531 -1.8% 218,266 24.5% 239,185 27.8% 6,973 .3.2% 5,758 0.6% 2,012 0.2% -1,245 -21.7% 891,926 100.0% 859,337 100.0% -10,863 -1.2% 1/ Covered employment a: :lace of work; excludes government employees, self-employed persons, railroad employees, farm workers and cc services workers. 2/ Dade, Broward ar_ =_ - Counties. Source: County Buy'-___ __::_ 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. 11! * MmWMnMCa. SIC Industry Category 19 Ordnance and Accessories 20 Food and Kindred Products 21 Tobacco Manufacturers 22 Textile Mill Products 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 24 Lumber and Wood Products 25 Furniture and Fixtures 26 Paper and Allied Products �..21 Printing and Publishing = 28 Chemicals and Allied Products 4,29 Petroleum and Coal Products 4,30 Rubber and Miscellaneous "' Plastics Products 31 Leather and Leather Products 32 Stone, Clay and Glass Products 33 Primary Metal Industries 34 Fabricated Metal Products 35 Machinery, Except Electrical 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 37 Transportation Equipment 38 Instruments and Related Products 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Administrative and Auxiliary Total Manufacturing EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN MANUFACTURING/ MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION2/ 1973-1976 • 1973 Number 250-499 9,876 342 4,595-4,747 21,749 2,611 6,586 1,589 12,637 2,897 290 6,314 3,266 5,479 1,792 12,934 10,231 12,403 12,148-12,549 3,016 3,670 1,546 136,700 Percent of Total 0.2%-0.4% 7.2% 0.3% 3.4%-3.5% 15.9% 1.9% 4.8% 1.2% 9.2% 2.1% 0.2% 4.6% 2.4% 4.0% 1.3% 9.5% 7.5% 9.1% 8.9%-9.2% 2.2% 2.7% 1.1% 100.0% 1976 Number 10,628 260 5,379 22,757 2,189 4,559 1,396-1,440 12,743 3,376 257 6,385 3,133 3,910 1,264-2,076 8,323 10,164-10,599 12,996 11,627-16,626 5,392 3,433 1,735-3,199 132,969 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed persons. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. Percent of Total 8.0% 0.2% 4.0% 17.1% 1.6% 3.4% 1.0%-1.1% 9.6% 2.5% 0.2% 4.8% 2.4% 2.9% 1.0%-1.6% 6.3% 7.6%-8.0% 9.8% 8.7%-12.5% 4.1% 2.6% 1.3%-2.4% 100.0% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number 251 -27 210-261 336 -141 -676 -50- -64 35 160 - 11 24 - 44 -523 -176- +95 - 1,537 -22- +123 198 -307- +1,493 792 - 79 63-551 - 1 ,244 Percent 2.5% - 8.0% 4.4%-5.7% 1.5% -5.4% -10.3% -3.1%- -4.0% 0.3% 5.5% -3.8% 0.4% -1.4% -9.5% -9.8%- +5.3 -11.9% -0.2%- +1.n 1.6% -2.5%-12.3' 26.3% -2.2% 4.1%-35.6; - 0.9% EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIESI/ MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION- 2/ 1973-1976 SIC Industry Cateogry 41 Local and Interurban Passenger Transit 42 Trucking and Warehousing 44 Water Transportation 45 Transportation by Air 46 Pipe Line Transportation 47 Transportation Services 48 Communication 49 Electric, Gas and Sanitary Services Administrative and Auxiliary Total Transportation and Other Public Utilities 1973 Percent Number of Total 3,157 3.9% 8,643 10.8% 4,486 5.6% 31,378 39.1% 3,515 4.4% 20,387 25.4% 7,969 9.9% 747 9.3% 100.0% 80,282 Average Annual 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Number of Total Number Percent 2,041-3,417 2.8-4.6% 7,322 9.9% 3,796-3,892 5.1-5.3% 26,650 36.0% -372 - +87 -11.8 - +2.7% -440 -5.1% -198 - -230 -4.4 - -5.1% -1,576 -5.0% 4,831 6.5% 439 12.5% 18,780-21,505 25.4-29.1% -536 - +373 -2.6 - +1.8% 7,759-9,938 10.5-13.41 250-411 0.3-0.61 -112 - -116 -15.0 - -22.2% 73,973 100.0% 1/ Covered employment: at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. -70 - +656 -0.9 - +8.2% -2,103 -2.6% • SIC Industry Category 52 Building Materials and Garden Supplies General Merchandise Stores Food Stores Automotive Dealers and Service Stations 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 58 Eating and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail -- Administrative and Auxiliary 53 54 55 Total Retail Trade • EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN RETAIL TRADE1/ MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION 2/1973-1976 1973 - Percent Number of Total 6,099 35,523 28,676 2.9% 17.1% 13.8% 24,607 11.8% 15,222 7.3% 10,291 5.0% 56,109 27.0% 20,689 10.0% 10,595 5.1% 207,811 100.0% Average Annual 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Number of Total Number Percent 5,744 29,457 30,932 2.7% 13.9% 14.6% 23,891 11.3% 14,887 7.0% 9,091 62,798 25,059 9,863 4.3% 29.7% 11.8% 4.7% 211,722 100.0% 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. -116 -1.9% -2,022 -5.7% 752 2.6% -239 -1.0% -112 -0.7% -400 -3.9% 2,230 4.0% 1,457 7.0% -244 -2.3% 1,304 0.6% EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN FINANCE, INSURANCE A AND REAL ESTATE1/ MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION- 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 60 Banking 13,894 16.2% 15,880 19.6% 662 4.8% 61 Credit Agencies Other Than Banks 9,354 10.9% 12,026 14.8% 891 9.5% 62 Security, Commodity Brokers and Services 2,788 3.3% 2,740 3.4% -16 -0.6% 63 Insurance Carriers 9,476 11.1% 8,960 11.0% -172 -1.8% O' 64 Insurance Agents, Brokers and na co Services 5,378 6.3% 6,190 7.6% 271 5.0% 65 Real Estate 41,711 48.6% 29,446 36.3% -4,088 -9.8% 66 Combined Real Estate, Insurance, Etc. 237-489 0.3-0.6% 96-175 0.1-0.2% -21 - -131 -8.7 - -26.8% 67 Holding and Other Investment 579 25.3% Offices 2,290 2.7% 4,028 5.0% Administrative and Auxiliary 367-619 0.4-0.7% 1,665-1,744 2.1% 349-459 56.3-125.1% Total Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 85,746 100.0% 81,154 100.0% 1/ Covered employment -at place of work; excludes self-employed workers.. 2/ Dade Broward and-,Pa1m,Beach Counties. Source: County Busi.ness?Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. -1,531 -1.8% q ungii� in!IIieium mom • SIC Industry Category 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places 72 Personal Services 73 Business Services 75 Auto Repair, Services and Garages 76 Miscellaneous Repair Services 78 Motion Pictures 79 Amusement and Recreation Services 80 Health Services 81 Legal Services 82 Educational Services 83 Social Services 84 Museums, Botanical, Zoological Gardens 86 Membership Organizations 89 Miscellaneous Services -- Administrative and Auxiliary Total Services EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN SERVICES1/ M1IAMI ECONOMIC REGION-/ 1973-1976 1973. Number Percent of Total 40,329 18.5% 17,115 7.8% 35,667 16.3% 9,470 4.3% 5,109 2.3% 2,110 1.0% 15,803 7.2% 45,604 20.9% 7,082 3.2% 15,260 7.0% 247 0.1% 12,864 5.9% 10,867 5.0% 499 0.2% 218,266 100.0% 1976 Percent Number of Total 39,867 16.7% 16,632 7.0% 35,839 15.0% 9,197 3.8% 4,996 2.1% 1,884-2,612 0.8-1.1% 16,097 6.7% 58,836 24.6% 9,235 3.9% 15,634 6.5% 6,606 2.8% 40-198 0.1% 13,050 5.5% 9,297 3.9% 1,149-2,313 0.5-1.0% 239,185 100.0% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number -154 -161 57 -91 -38 -75 - +167 98 4,411 718 125 2,202 -16 - -69 62 -523 217-605 6,973 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers and domestic service workers. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. Percent -0.4% -0.9% 0.2% -1.0% -0.7% -3.6 - +7.9% 0.6% 9.7% 10.1% 0.8% -6.6 - -27.9% 0.5% -4.8% 43.5-121.2% 3.2% Major Industrial Categories Agricultural Services, Forestry and Fisheries Minning Contract Construction Manufacturing Transportation and Other Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services Miscellaneous Total Employment1/ PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT TRENDSIN M•1AJOR INDUSTRIAL CATEGORIES'/ DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 1973 Percent Number of Total 1976 Percent Number of Total 2,770 0.5% 2,437 0.5% 531 0.1% 472 0.1% 44,707 8.0% 25,250 4.9% 92,817 16.6% 87,416 17.0% 61,743 11.0% 55,081 10.7% 43,780 7.8% 42,296 8.2% 116,973 20.9% 107,561 20.9% 54,160 9.7% 49,083 9.6% 138,607 24.8% 143,054 27.8% 3,486 0.6% 1,082 0.2% 559,574 100.0% 513,732 100.0% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number Percent -111 -20 -6,486 -1,800 -2,221 -495 -3,137 -1,692 1,482 -801 -15,231 - 4.0% - 3.7% -14.5% -1.9% - 3.6% -1.1% -2.7% -3.1% 1.1% - 23.0% -2.7% ment at place of work; excludes government employees, self-employed persons, railroad employees, 1/ Covered employ farm workers and domestic services workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. 1111P 03 w EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN MANUFACTURING- 1/ DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 19 Ordnance and Accessories 20 Food and Kindred Products 21 Tobacco Manufacturers 22 Textile Mill Products 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 24 Lumber and Wood Products 25 Furniture and Fixtures 26 Paper and Allied Products 27 Printing and Publishing 28 Chemicals and Allied Products 29 Petroleum and Coal Products 30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products 31 Leather and Leather Products 32 Stone, Clay and Glass Products 33 Primary Metal Industries 34 Fabricated Metal Products 35 Machinery, Except Electrical 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 37 Transportation Equipment 38 Instruments and Related Products 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Administrative and Auxiliary Total Manufacturing 1973 1976 Percent Number of Total Number Percent of Total Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number 7,435 3.1% 7,382 3.4% -34 342 0.4% 260 0.3% -27 4,355 4.7% 5,257 6.0% 301 20,567 22.2% 21,064 24.1% 166 1,673 1.8% 1,377 1.6% -99 5,354 5.8% 3,751 4.3% -534 1,589 1.7% 1,341 1.5% -83 7,446 8.0% 7,053 8.1% -131 2,260 2.4% 2,610 3.0% 117 125 0.1% 83 0.1% -14 5,027 5.4% 5,328 6.1% 100 3,266 3.5% 3,133 3.6% -401-44 3,378 3.6% 2,176 2.5%. 1,359 1.5% 1,000-1,536 1.1-1.8% -120- +59 9,681 10.4% 5,441 6.2% -1,413 3,883 4.2% 2,482 2.8% 4,459 4.8% 4,660 5.3% 67 4,140 4.5% 4,586 5.2% 149 2,560 2.8% 3,967 4.5% 469 2,870 3.1% 2,653 3.0% -72 993 1.1% 1,276-2,499 1.5-2.9% 93-500 92,817 100.0% 87,416 100.0% -1,800 1 Covered employment at place of work; excludes sef-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. Percent -0.5% -0.8% 6.9% 0.8% - 5.9% - 10.0% -5.2% - 1.8% 5.2% -11.2% 2.0% -1.4% -11.9% -8.8- +4.3% - 14.6% -12.0% 1.5% 3.6% 18.3% 9.3-50.1% -1.9% EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES11 DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 SIC Industry Cateogry 41 Local and Interurban Passenger Transit 42 Trucking and Warehousing 44 Water Transportation 45 Transportation by Air 46 Pipe Line Transportation 47 Transportation Services 48 Communication 49 Electric, Gas and Sanitary Services Administrative and Auxiliary Total Transportation and Other Public Utilities 1973 Percent Number of Total 2,197 3.6% 5,980 9.7% 2,734 4.4% 29,893 48.4% 2,731 4.4% 12,498 20.2% 4,963 8.0% 747 1.2%. 61,743 100.0% 1976 Percent Number of Total 1,123-2,499 4,873 2,975 24,724 3,614 11,280 2.0-4.5% 8.8% 5.4% 44.9% 6.6% 20.5% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number Percent -358 - +101 -16.3 - +4.6% -369 -6.2% 80 2.9% -1,723 -5.8% 294 -406 10.8% -3.2% 5,000-6,242 9.1-11.31 23-426 0.5-8.61 250-411 0.5-0.71 -112 - -166 -15.0 - -22.2' 55,081 100.0% 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. -2,221 -3.6% I I I I li, III IIill411M1 • EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE1/ DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 60 Banking 8,226 15.2% 9,254 18.9% 343 4.2% 61 Credit Agencies Other Than Banks 5,855 10.8% 6,248 12.7% 131 2.2% 62 Security, Commodity Brokers and Services 1,441 2.7% 1,364 2.8% -26 -1.8% 63 Insurance Carriers 5,912 10.9% 6,171 12.6%. 86 1.5% Average Annual 1973 1976 Change: 1973-1976 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total Number Percent 64 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Services 3,714 6.9% 3,769 7.7% 18 0.5% DO G,, C.)65 Real Estate 26,575 49.1% 17,545 35.7% -3,010 -11.3% 66 Combined Real Estate, Insurance, Etc. 79-331 0.1-0.6% -- -26 - -110 -33.3% 67 Holding and Other Investment 456 26.2% Offices 1,739 3.2% 3,108 6.3% Administrative and Auxiliary 367-619 0.7-1.1% 1,587 3.2% 323-407 52.1 - 110.8% Total Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 54,160 100.0% 49,083 100.0% -1,692 -3,1% 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. SIC ry Cate or 52 Building Materials and Garden Supplies 53 General Merchandise Stores 54 Food Stores 55 Automotive Dealers and Service Stations 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 58 Eating and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail Administrative and Auxiliary Total Retail Trade EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN RETAIL TRADE1/ DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 1973 1976 Percent Percent Percent of Total Number Number of Total Nu ------ 2.3% -234 -7.4% 3,168 2.71 2,467 -1,512 -7.5% 17.3% 15,744 14.6% 20,280 344 2.4% 14,108 12.1% 15,139 14.1% -352 -2.7�° 11.3% 12,112 11.3% 13,167 -531 -5.7°w 8.0% 7,789 7.2% 9,382 4,430 4.1% -90 -1.9% 4,700 4.0% -636 '2.1°'� 26.3% 28,891 26.9% 30,800 501 4.4% 9.7% 12,816 11.9% 11,312 8.6% 8,173 7.6% -628 -6.2% 10,056 116,973 100.0% 107,561 100.0% ent at place of work; excludes self-employed workers 1 Covered employm Gladstone Associates. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; AverageAnnual Change: 1973-1976 • SIC Industry Category 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places 72 Personal Services 73 Business Services 75 Auto Repair, Services and Garages 76 Miscellaneous Repair Services 78 Motion Pictures 79 Amusement and Recreation Services 80 Health Services 81 Legal Services 82 Educational Services 83 Social Services 84 Museums, Botanical, Zoological Gardens 86 Membership Organizations 89 Miscellaneous Services -- Administrative and Auxiliary Total Services EMPLOYMENT TRENDS IN SERVICESI/ DADE COUNTY 1973-1976 1973 - Percent Number of Total 25,100 18.1% 10,077 7.3% 24,316 17.5% 6,503 4.7% 3,174 2.3% 1,316 0.9% 8,050 5.8% 28,254 20.4% 4,694 3.4% 11,525 8.3% 1976 Percent Number of Total 24;057 8,903 21,903 5,564 2,739 1,000-1,728 6,477 34,865 6,001 12,449 3,366 16.8% 6.2% 15.3% 3.9% 1.9% 0.7-1.2% 4.5% 24.4%. 4.2% 8.7% 2.4% 247 0.2% 20-99 0.1% 7,929 5.7% 7,900 5.5% 6,923 5.0% 6,082 4.3% 499 0.4% 1,000-2,085 0.7-1.51 138,607 100.0% 143,054 100.0% Average Annual Change: 1973-1976 Number -348 -391 - 804 - 313 - 145 -105- +137 -524 2,204 436 308 1,122 -49- -76 -10 -280 167-529 1,482 1/ Covered employment at place of work; excludes self-employed workers and domestic service workers. Source: County Business Patterns 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. Percent -1.4% -3.9% - 3.3% - 4.8% - 4.6% -3.0- +10.4%. -6.5% 7.8% 9.3% 2.7% -20.0- -30.6% -0.1% - 4.0% 33.5-105.9% v. RELATIVE COMPETITIVE POSITIONSI/ OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION/ IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: MAJOR INDUSTRY CATEGORIES 1973-1976 Industry Category Agricultural Services, Forestry and Fisheries Mining Contract Construction Manufacturing Transportation and Other Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate Services Nonclassifiable Total Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the U.S. Total 1973 1976 2.7 0.1 2.5 0.7 2.0 1.4 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 2.4 0.1 1.5 0.7 1.9 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 Dade County as a Percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 45.8 67.2 48.9 67.9 76.9 74.1 56.3 63.2 63.5 60.6 1.4 62.7 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each industry category. Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. III-B-36 44.3 65.7 47.6 65.7 74.5 71.6 50.8 60.5 59.8 53.8 59.8 • • RELATIVE COMPETITIVE POSITIONS1' OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION?' IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: MANUFACTURING 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 19 Ordnance and Accessories 20 Food and Kindred Products 21 Tobacco Manufacturers 22 Textile Mill,Products 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 24 Lumber and Wood Products 25 Furniture and Fixtures 26 Paper and Allied Products 27 Printing and Publishing 28 Chemicals and Allied Products 29 Petroleum and Coal Products 30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics 31 Leather and Leather Products 32 Stone, Clay and Glass Products 33 Primary Metal Industries 34 Fabricated Metal Products 35 Machinery, Except Electrical 36 Electric and Electronic Equipment 37 Transportation Equipment 38 Instruments and Related Products 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries MEM Administrative and Auxiliary Total Manufacturing Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the 1973 U.S. Total 0.1-0.2 -- 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.6 1.7 0.4 0.3 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 Products 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.1-0.2 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7-1.0 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.1-0.2 0.7 0.7 Dade County as a Percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 0.0 75.8 100.0 91.7-94.8 94.6 64.1 81.3 100.0 58.9 78.0 43.1 79.6 100.0 61.7 75.8 74.8 38.9 36.0 33.0-34.1 84.9 78.2 64.6 67.9 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each indw:t.ry (..0.11ury. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associate;. III-B-37 • 69.5 100.0 97.7 92.6 62.9 82.3 93.1-96.1 55.3 77.3. 32.3 83.4 100.0 55.7 74.0-79.1 65.4 23.4-24.4 35.9 27.6-39.4 73.6 77.3 73.5-78.1 ����. / RELATIVE COMPETITIVE POSITIONS1/ OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION?/ IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: TRANSPORTATION AND OTHER PUBLIC UTILITIES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 41 Local and Interurban Passenger Transit 42 Trucking and Warehousing 44 Water Transportation 45 Transportation By Air 46 Pipe Line Transportation 47 Transportation Services 48 Communication 49 Electric, Gas and Sanitary Services Administrative and Auxiliary Total Transportation and Other Public Utilities Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the U.S. Total 1973 1976 Dade County as a percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 0.9 0.7-1.1 69.6 55.0-73.1 0.8 0.7 69.2: 66.6 2.3 2.0-2.1 60.9 76.4-78.4 9.1 7.8 95.3. 92.3 2.9 3.4 77.7 74.8 1.8 1.7-1.9 61.3 52.5-60.1 1.2 1.2-1.5 62.3 62.8-64.4 1.5 0.2-0.4 100.0 100.0 2.0 1.9 76.9 74.5 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each industry category. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. III-B-38 RELATIVE COMPETITIVE POSITIONS1/ OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION2' IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: RETAIL TRADE 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 52 Building Materials and Garden Supplies 53 General Merchandise Stores 54 Food Stores 55 Automotive Dealers and Service Stations 56 Apparel and Accessory Stores 57 Furniture and Home Furnishings Stores 58 Eating. and Drinking Places 59 Miscellaneous Retail Administrative and Auxiliary Total Retail Trade Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the U.S. Total 1973 1976 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.9 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.5 2.7 1.9 1.7 1.6 Dade County as a Percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 51.9 57.1 49.2 53.5 61.6 45.7 54.9 54.7 42.9 53.4 48.9 50.7 52.3 48.7 46.0 51.1 94.9 82.9 56.3 50.8 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each industry category. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. • III-B-39 RELATIVE. COMPETITIVE POSITIONS/ OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION/ IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 60 Banking 61 Credit Agencies Other than Banks 62 Security, Commodity Brokers and Services 63 Insurance Carriers 64 Insurance Agents, Brokers and Services 65 Real Estate 66 Combined Real Estate,Insurance, etc. 67 Holding and Other Investment Offices 410 Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the U.S. Total 1973 1976 Dade County • as a Percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 1.2 1.3 59.2 58.3 2.3 2.6 62.6 52.0 1.4 1.6 51.7 49.8 0.9 0.8 62.4 68.9 1.8 1.7 69.1 60.9 4.6 3.6 63.7 59.6 0.6-1.3 1.0-1.9 33.3-67.7 -- 2.7 2.6 75.9 77.2 Administrative and Auxiliary 1.5-2.5 2.2-2.3 100.0 91.0-95.3 Total Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 2.1 1.8 63.2 60.5 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each industry category. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1967; Gladstone, Associates. III-B-40 RELATIVE COMPETITIVE POSITIONS/ OF DADE COUNTY AND THE MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION`� -' IN THE U.S. ECONOMY: SERVICES 1973-1976 SIC Industry Category 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places 72 Personal Services 73 Business Services 75 Auto Repair, Services and Garages 76. Miscellaneous Repair Services 78 Motion Pictures 79 Amusement and Recreation Services 80 Health Services 81 Legal Services 82 Educational Services 1083' Social Services 84 Museums, Botanical, Zoological Gardens 86 Membership Organizations 89 Miscellaneous Services Administrative and Auxiliary Total Services Miami Economic Region as a Percent of the U.S. Total 1973 1976 Dade County as a Percent of the Miami Economic Region 1973 1976 4.5 4.5 62.2 60.3 1.9 1.9 58.9 53.5 1.9 1.7 68.2 61.1 2.2 2.1 68.7 60.5 2.3 2.1 62.1 54.8 1.1 1.0-1.4 62.4 53.1-66.2 3.2 2.9 50.9 40.2 1.3 1.4 62.0 59.3 2.4 2.5 66.3 65.0 1.5 1.6 75.5 79.6 0.9 1.2 0.2-0.8 100.0 50.0 1.0 1.2 73.0 85.0 1.6 1.5 63.7 65.4 0.1 1.0-2.0 100.0 87.0-90.1 1.8 1.8 63.5 59.8 1/ Based on percent share of covered employment in each industry category. 2/ Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties. Source: County Business Patterns, 1973 and 1976; Gladstone Associates. • III-8-41 C. Comparative Cities Analysis: Atlanta, New Orleans, Orlando, Tampa, and Jacksonville SMSA's COMPARATIVE CITIES ANALYSIS. Included in this section are data and information on five prominent cities in the Southeastern United States that are competitive with Miami ■ with respect to economic development activities. These cities are: - Atlanta, Georgia - Jacksonville, Florida - New Orleans, Louisiana - Orlando, Florida - Tampa -St. Petersburg, Florida For each city, recent trends in demographic and employment data are presented. Also, summaries of development patterns and other relevant characteristics of each city -- including major industries, -office and industrial development trends, transportation services, taxes and business incentives, current housing values, and educational/medical/ and cultural services -- are given. Major findings of this analysis are summarized below. Demographic and Employment Data Major findings with respect to analysis of demographic and employment data for Miami and the five competitive cities are as follows: 1. Metropolitan Miami is second only to the 15-county Atlanta region in total copulation. In contrast, it is approximately equivalent to the Tampa -St. Petersburg area and has a greater population base than any of the other three regions noted. (pages III-C-8 to III-C-10) 2. With the exception of Tampa -St. Petersburg, the Miami area accommodates the largest proportion of older (over age 65) persons. (pages III-C-8 to II-C-10) Though generally considered outside "traditional economic development" concerns, many of these elderly persons are relocated, retired individuals who bring consi- derable assets with them to their new homes. Bank deposits, investment in area housing, and market supports for various service industries and professions are among the "economic pluses" associated with transfers taking place through such retirees. Per capita income for' metropol i tan Miami exceeds that of any or the other comparable area under examination. In that respect, per capita income in Miami was 5 percent greater than that for Atlanta, the second highest metropolitan area, and 21 percent more than Tampa, the lowest rated of the five comparable metropolitan areas. (pages III-C-8 to III=C10) 3. While labor participation is higher in Miami than in any of the cities except Atlanta, unemployment also is the highest in comparison with each of these other communities. (pages II-C-8 to IV-C-10). 4. Services and trade, the two principal industrial sectors in the Piiami economy, also feature prominently in each of the other cities. (pages IfI-C-8 to I;II-C-10) Thus it might be said that the nature of competition among these five areas is keen since, in many respects, they may be seeking not only organizations and enterprises that cater to the resident population in this regard but also that may assume a larger multi -state role within the South and Southeast. For example, due to its major tourist attractions, Orlando competes heavily with Miami in the area of hotels and other lodging -places services, as well as in amusement and recreation services. Tampa, home of Busch Gardens, is also competitive in these areas. With respect to business services, Atlanta and Jacksonville are strong competitors and Orlando is becoming a contendor as well. And in the health services area, Atlanta, Tampa and, to a lesser extent New Orleans, are all competitive with Miami, particularly with regard to hospital services. 5. ManufacturinLis more significant to Miami than it is to any of the'other areas with the exception of Atlanta. In light of recent trends, however, the importance of manu- facturing continues to decline for each of these communities with the notable exception of Orlando. (pages III-C-8 to III-C- 10 and page III-C-12) With respect to specific manufacturing categories, Atlanta is most competitive in the areas of apparel and other textile products and furniture and fixtures, and both Atlanta and Tampa are competitive with respect to printing and publishing. Within subsectors of these categories, however, son cderree of specialization is evident among the competitive cities. (pages III-C-52 to III-C-81) III-C-2 • 6. Measurements of interrelated and im ortant "ex,ort rains" in the manufacturing sector, as reelected in va ue added, show that Atlanta succeeded at twice the rate for Miami, Tampa and New Orleans -- all of whom were approximately equal in that category for 1976. (page III-C-46) ' With regard to putting in place new capacity for manu- facturing during that same year, capital expenditures in Miami exceeded those for Tampa and Orlando though remaining somewhat below those for Atlanta. 7. Of all metropolitan areas examined, Miami had the lowest average production worker hourly wage, 53.92 as compared to the higher rates of 55.51 and 55.36 for New Orleans and Jacksonville, respectively. (page III-C-46) These differentials represent important issues from an' economic standpoint in terms of both increasing Miami's competitive manufacturing position and, equally important, tracing "trade-offs" between providing opportunities for lower skilled workers on the one hand and upgrading jobs on the other. (page III-C-46) 8. Of key importance with respect to economic development, employment growth for Miami since 1974 has centered in trade, services and government. In contrast, and directly related to cyclical trends, large declines have been registered in construction. Growth trends for the competitive cities have generally paralleled those for Miami with the exception of Tampa, which also -counted sharp gains in finance, insurance and real estate. Thus, incremental employment opportunities for both cities may be influenced by the effectiveness of prospective plans and programs to accommodate the needs of this industry sector over the years ahead. (page III-C-12) 9. In percent terms, employment increases for Miami were less than those for the other cities. New Orleans was the leader here with more than double the gains of Miami; 3.9 percent average annual gains as compared to 1.5 percent. (page III-C-12) Development Patterns (pages III-C-19 to III-C-38) With respect to development patterns in each of the cities, the following major conclusions can be drawn. III-C-3 1. Most cities examined are making serious attempts to attract international trade and commerce activities. Foreign trade zones exist in New Orleans and Atlanta. Phase I of Orlando's 200-acre trade zone should be operational by September, 1979, and the City of Jacksonville is preparing applications for development of a zone there. Foreign banks have opened offices in Atlanta, and the State of Georgia maintains trade offices in Europe, South America and Japan. New Orleans is making a serious effort to host the 1984 Worlds Fair and at this time is the only city to have submitted proposals and applications to attract this event. 2. Airport and travel facilities are being improved in all the cities examined. New terminals are being constructed or expanded.at airports in Orlando, Atlanta, and Jacksonville. Terminal expansion at New Orleans airport was completed in 1976, and Tampa's -"new -concept" airport with landside and airside terminals opened in 1971. Runways at all airports except New Orleans are being extended to handle all types of passenger and cargo planes. And customs facilities at Jacksonville, Orlando, and Atlanta are under construction or are being enlarged to handle increased international travel. Moreover, the recent deregulation of the airline industry is expected to lead to expanded service to Europe, South and Central America from a variety of cities. Currently, non-stop service to a large number of foreign cities is available from Atlanta and Mew Orleans. Tampa offers flights to Mexico and Canada with seasonal service to Europe. The potential for direct international service to Tampa and especially Orlando -- with major attractions and a new airport -- is very high and will help these cities to continue to mature as major tourist destinations. 3. Port facilities in the various cities are generally soecialized by product or market type. Cargo hand ed at the Miami Port consists largely of machinery and other high -value manufactured products being shipped to Latin America. Tampa Port shipments are comprised primarily of phosphates for delivery to Japan, Brazil, India,' Pakistan and the Middle East. Jacksonville handles the bulk of the automobile imports, and Port Everglades handles .thepe'troleum imports.. New •Orleans,' on the other hand, is the largest grain export port in the world. III-C-4 4. Business taxes are higher in Miami than elsewhere in Dade County or in the competitive cities. The property rate is 33.086 mills in Miami, compared to 19.191 in unincorporated Dade County. In other incorporated Dade County locations, the tax rate ranges from 23.647 (Hialeah! to 31.353 (Miami Beach). Comparable millage rates in other Florida cities are as follows: - Jacksonville: 18.02 - Orlando (including Orange County): 23.76 - Tampa (including Hillsborough County): 27.00 Outside of Florida, taxes are six to seven percent lower in Atlanta than in Miami and 44 percent lower in New Orleans, where there is also a 5-year exemption for capital improvements. On the other hand, there is no personal income tax in Florida and generally lower rates of corporate incomes taxes in here than in Georgia and Louisiana. 5. LAND Industrial land is generally more expensive in Miami than in outlying Dade locations, and such property is considerably more expensive in Dade County than in suburban portions of the various competitive cities. One of the problems encountered in Miami is that much of the land which could be used for industrial development is zoned C-3, a broad commercial zone which also allows higher value uses to be built. The use of this zoning results in very high land values. For expample, land suitable for warehouse or industrial use in the area north of the Civic Center goes for around $87,000 per acre, as does comparable property in Allapatah. Property south of El Portal runs $130,000 per acre, and land west of Biscayne north of the Port can go for as much as $650,000 per acre. In comparison, prime industrial property in a high quality industrial park in the airport area, outside Miami, sells for roughly $130,000; and at other locations alone the Palmetto and in Hialeah, prices generally are in the $70,000 - $90,000 per acre range. In comparison to the Miami area, ready -to -build industrial land in the competitive cities is much less expensive. In the Florida cities -- Jacksonville, Tampa and Orlando -- prime indust- rial property sells for $30,000 - $50,000 an acre. In Atlanta, top prices are $50,000, and in New Orleans, prime land goes for approxi- mately $60,000 - $80,000 per acre. III-C-5 6. In each city examined, major urban and metropolitan area development projects are underway or planned. Projects include various arrays of new office buildings, retail and convention centers, hotels, rapid transit systems, and airport additions and expansions. Orlando's major construction projects and planned construction amounts to $2.7 billion, which includes expansion at area attractions, development of a foreign trade zone, airport expansion, housing projects and intrastructural improvements. In Atlanta, nearly $4.6 billion in new construction will include a $3 billion rapid transit system, new office towers, $500 million in airport expansions and improvements, major new hotels, and additional exhibition centers. Projects of a similar nature are planned for New Orleans and, to a somewhat smaller degree,. for Jacksonville and Tampa. 7. Among the cities examined, Orlando is the undisputed leader in attracting conventions. Orlando attracts 2,250 conventions annually compared to Miami's 210. In fact, Miami attracted fewer conventions than any of the other cities in 1978. However, Miami's conventions tend to be larger than those of Tampa and Jacksonville. Orlando's role as a convention center will be strengthened by its new $25 million Civic Center,. but Miami's new Knight Center will enhance this city's competitive position in this regard. III-C-6 nl !!I!!! n!!! 1!lil4A4M DEFINITION OF STANDARD METROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS (SMSA'S), MIAMI AND SELECTED COMIPETITIVE CITIES, SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1) Atlanta - 2) Jacksonville - Butts, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, De Kalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding, Rockdale, Walton Baker, Clay, Duval, Nassau, St. John's 3) Miami - Dade 4) New Orleans - Jefferson, Orleans, St. Bernard, St. Tammany 5) Orlando - Orange, Osceola, Seminole 6) Tampa -St. Petersburg - Hillsborough, Pasco, Pinellas III-C-7 SUMMARY, GENERAL SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF t•1IAMI St1SA AND SELECTED t1ETROPOLITAN AREAS, SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES Tampa - Miami St. Petersburg Orlando Humber Number % Number Demographic Characteristics. (1977) Population 1,468,270 65 years+ 226,206 Labor Participation Rate Per Capita .Income (1976) $6,931 c) 00 Employment Characteristics (1978) Total Employment (non- agricultural) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Servicesand Misc. Government Labor Force Unemployment 15.4 44 1;432,135 332,014 $ 5,380 23.2 605,450 67,116 11.1 33 40 $ 5 ,948 651,600 • 466,500 94,900 14.6 66,400 14.2 31,500 4.8 33,600 7.2 63,400 9.7 26,100 5.6 169,500 26.0 130,500 28.0 47,100 7.2 35,100 7.5 152,600 23.4 99,200 21.3 92,600 14.2 75,600 16.2 713,900 572,200. 50,000 7.0 34,900 6.1 240,000 32,400 13.5 14,500 6.0 12,200 5.1 63,800 26.6 16,800 7.0 61,000 25.4 39,300 16.4 288,500 17,800 6.2 1iui on�nA�+iaa:�nuia* %MARY, GENERAL SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MIA►•1I St1SA AND SELECTED (Cont'd) METROPOLITAN AREAS, SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES Deno� ra hic Characteristics �1977) Population 65 years+ Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Licome (1976) ;' Employment Characteristics `) (1978) Total'Employment (non- agricultural) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Service and Misc. Government Labor Force Unemployment 1/ Per capita personal income, 1976 2/ Per capita personal income, 197;_ New Orleans Humber % Number % Number Jacksonville Atlanta 710,005 64,970 9.2 39 $5,890 $6,7161/ 275,500 34,300 12.5 14,800 5.4 22,300 8.1 72,100 26.2 29,000 10.5 49,700 18.0 53,300 19.3 306,700 18,500 6.0 1,855,600 131,957 1,131,265 7.0 99,932 8.8 47 42 $6,8012/ 869,000 134,600 15.5 39,400 4.5 78,300 9.0 248,400 28.6 59,700 - 6.9 157,700 18.1 150,900 17.4 919,400 47,200 5.1 480,400 52,800 11.0 28,700 6.0 48,200 10.0 122,000 25.4 28,500 5.9 105,200 21.9 79,400 16.5 511,935 29,700 5.8 SUMMARY, GENERAL SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF IIIAMI SMSA AND SELECTED (Cont'd) METROPOLITAN AREAS, SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES Sources: Florida Statistical Abstract, 1978. Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. SMSA Labor Market Trends, January 1979. Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security. Employment and Earnings, March 1979. Vol. 26, No. 3. United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. State of Georgia - Department of Labor, Employment Security Agency. Louisiana Department of Labor, Division of Research and Statistics. University of New Orleans, Division of Business and Economic Research. Ill 1111! loi�ellli•,n9eAl�fa T!P• !• EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS IN WHOLESALE AND RETAIL TRADE MIAMI SMSA AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN AREAS, SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1978 SMSA Miami Tampa -St. Petersburg Orlando Jacksonville Atlanta New Orleans Total Trade Wholesale Trade 165,500 49,100 130,500 63,800 72,100 248,400 122,000 29,000 16,400 22,600 91,600 36,356 Sources: SMSA Labor Market Trends, January 1979. Division of Employment Security. State Agency. Louisiana Department of Labor, % of Trade Retail Trade 29.7 22.2 25.7 31.3 36.9 29.8 116,400 101,500 47,400 49,500 156,800 85,644 % of Trade Florida Department of Labor and Employment SecuritSecurity of Georgia, Department of Labor, Employment Division of Research and Statistics. 70.3 77.8 74.3 68.7 63.1 70.2 - .Y Characteristic Demographic (1974-1977) Population Total 65 years + population Per Capita Personal Income Employment (1974-1978) Total Employment (non-agric.) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and Retail) Finance, Insurance & Real Estate - Services and Miscellaneous Government Labor Force Unemployment Source: Department of employment and labor Gladstone Associates. COMPARISON OF TRENDS IN SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS SELECTED SMSA'S IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1974-1978 Atlanta r x Average Annual Change - Jacksonville New Orleans Orlando Tamea 30.475 1.7% _5,789 0.8% 7,818 0.7% 3,415 0.6% 23,430 1.7% 1.243 1.0% 1.907 3.2% 2.661 2.9% 497 0.8% 4.460 1.4% $526 9.1% $482 9.5% $573 11.3% $465 9.1% $439 8.6% Miami 9 x 18,389 1.3% 3.516 1.6% $460 7.2% 18.675 2.4% 3.825 1.5% 16,250 3.9% 5,775 2.6% 8,075 1.8% 10.000 1.6% 1,875 1.5% 100 0.3% (125) (0.2%) 750 2.7% 850 1.3% (2.) () (1(17(2,225) (2,825) 5) (0.8%) 550 1.2% (150) (1.2%) 9751.3%(100) (0.4%) 5,325 2.4% 1,100 1.6% 5,175 5.1% 2,625 4.4% 3,025 2.5% (150) (0.31) 325 1.2% 575 2.2% 375 2.5% 1,250 4.3% 5.825 4.3% 1.875 4.0% 5,425 6.5% 3,050 5.9% 4,800 5.5% 7,225 6.1% 1,900 4.1% 3,650 5.6% 1,350 3.9% 3,575 5.7% 20,804 2.4% 4,651 1.7% 23.509 5.6% 6,695 2.5% 5,825 1.1% 1,896 4.6% 1,029 7.3% (575) (1.8%) 520, 3.2% 2.725 11.7% state; Regional Economics Information System; Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; for each 700 .0.8% (3,150)(7.3%) 625 1.0% 2.275 1.5% 500 1.1% 3.425 2.4% 4,875 6.7% 9.589 1.5% (469)(0.9%) pPllll!!14}mm!RRmmmAmR4um!.' Demographic Characteristics Population Total 65 Years + Population Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Personal Income Employment Characteristics Total Employment (non-agr.) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and Retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate .Services and Miscellaneous Government Labor Force Unemployment Number Percent 1%763,700 126,986 $5,775 1974 778,300 127,800 48,100 72,400 217,900 59,400 7.2% 44.0% 16.4% 6.2% 9.3% 28.0% 7.6%. 134,200 17.2% 118,500 15.2% 828,081 41,398 5.0% SUMMARY TRENDS SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ATLANTA SMSA 1974-1978 1974 1977 . Number Percent 1,835,600 131,957 $7,352 7.0% 47.0%-� 1978 853,000 135,300 15.9% 38,600 4.5% 76,300 8.9% 239,200 28.0% 58,800 6.9% 157,500 18.5% 147,400 17.3% 908,415 48,983 5.4% Average Annual Change: 1974-1977 Number Percent 30,475 1.7% 1,243 • '1.0% $ 526 9.1% 1974-1978 18,675 2.4% 1,875 1.5% (2,375) (4.9%) 975 1.3% 5,325 2.4% (150) (0.3%) 5,825 7,225 20,084 1,896 1/ 1978. Source: Georgia Department UaSt���DepartientLabor; of Commerce;Economic GladstonenAssociatestion System, Bureau of Economic Analysis, 4.3% 6.1% 2.4% 4.6% F4 cl p Demographic Characteristics Population Total 65 Years + Population Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Personal Income Employment Characteristics Total Employment (non-agr.) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and Retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services and Miscellaneous Government Labor Force Unemployment SUMMARY TRENDS SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1974-1978 1974 1977 Number Percent Number Percent "692,638 59,250 $5,090 1974 710,005 8.6% 64,970 37.4% 261,700 31,300 12.0% 20,700 7.9%. 23,000 8.8% 68,200 26.1% 26,300 10.0% 46,300 17.7% 45,900 17.5% 281,302 14,071 5.0% $6,536 1978 277,000 31,700 15,500 22,300 72,600 27,600 9.2% 39.0% 1/ 11.4% 5.6% 8.1% 26.2% 10.0% 53,E00 19.4% 53,500 19.3% 299,907 18,185 6.1% Average Annual. Change: 1974-1977 Number Percent 5,789 0.8% 1,907 3.2% $ 482 9.5% 1974-1978 3,825 1.5% 100 0.3% (1,300) (6.3%) (175) (0.8%) 1,100 1.6% 325 1.2% 1,875 4.0% 1,900 4.1% 4,651 1.7% 1,029 7.3% 1/ 1978. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Regional Economics Information System; Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. • Demographic Characteristics Population Total 65 Years + Population Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Personal Income Employment Characteristics Total Employment (non-agr.) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and Retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services and Miscellaneous Government Labor Force Unemployment SUMMARY AIL SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS NEW ORLEANS SMSA 1974-1978 1974 Number Percent 1,107,810 91,948 $5,083 1977 Number Percent 1,131,265 8.3% 99,932 56.0% 1974 ' 415,400 53,300 27,600 46,000 101,300 26,200 83,500 64,800 417,900 32,000 12.8% 6.6% 11.1% 24.4% 6.3% $6,801 1978 480,400 52,800 28,700 48,200 122,000 28,500 Average Annual Change: 1974-1977 Number Percent 7,818 0.7% 8.8% 2,661 2.9% 42.0/ 11.0% 6.0% 10.0% 25.4% 5.9% 20.1% 105,200 21.9% 15.6% 79,400 16.5% 511,935 7.7% 29,700 5.8% $ 573 11.3% 1974-1978 16,250 (125) 275 550 5,175 575 3.9% (0.2%) 1.0% 1.2% 5.1% 2.2% 5,425 6.5% 3,650 5.6% 23,509 5.6% (575) (1.8%) 11 1978. Source: Louisiana Department of Labor, Division of Research and Statistics; University of New Orleans, Division of Business and Economic Research; Gladstone Associates. Demographic Characteristics Population Total 65 Years + Population Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Personal Income Employment Characteristics Total Employment (non-agr.) Manufacturing Contract Construction Transportation and Utilities Trade (Wholesale and Retail) Finance, Insurance and Real Estate Services and Miscellaneous Government Labor Force Unemployment SUMMARY TRENDS SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ORLANDO SMSA 1974-1978 1974 1977 Number Percent Number Percent .595,206 65,624 37.8% $5,140 1974 225,300 28,300 12.6% 24,200 10.7% 12,500 5.5% 59,100 26.2% 14,900 6.6% 52,100 23.1% 34,200 15.2% 265,594 16,300 6.1% 605,450 11.0% • 67,116 11.1% 40.0%1/ $6,535 1978 248,400 31,300 15,300 11,900 69,600 16,400 12.6% 6.2% 4.8% 28.0% 6.6% 64,300 25.9% 39,600 15.9% 292,374 18,378 6.6% Average Annual Change: 1974-1977 Number Percent 3,415 0.6% 497 0,8% $ 465 9.1% 1974-1978 5,775 2.6% 750 (2,225) (150) 2,625 375 3,050 1,350 6,695 520 2.7% (9.2%) (1.2%) 4.4% 2.5% 5.9% 3.9% 2.5% 3.2% 11 1978. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Regional Economics Information System; Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. I II I I I I I!II,!!I MIPIPMWMP 'dI 1""0 Demographic Characteristics, Population Total 65 Years + Population Labor Participation Rate Per Capita Personal Income SUMMARY TRIOS SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS TAtMPA SMSA 1974-1978 1974 1977 Number Percent Number Percent 1,361,843 1,432,135 318,633 23.4% 332,014 23.2% 31.8% 33.0%' $5,089 $6,406 Average Annual Chanaet61974-1977 Number Percent 23,430 1.7% 4,460 1.4% $ 439 8.6% Employment Characteristics 1974 1978 1974-1978 Total Employment (non-agr.) 443,800 476,100 8,075 1.8% Manufacturing 63,200 14.2% 66,600 14.0% 850 1.3% Contract Construction 42,300 9.5% 31,000 6.5% (2,825) (6.7%) Transportation and Utilities 28,100 6.3% 27,700 5.8% (100) (0.4%) , 025 2.5`,G Trade (Wholesale and Retail) 120,700 27.2% 132,800 27.9% 3,025 2.5% Finance, Insurance and 29,300 6.6% 34,300 7.2% Real Estate 4 800 5.5% Services and Miscellaneous 87,800 19.8% 107,000 22.5% Government 62,400 14.1% 76,700 16.1% 3,575 5.7% 5,825 1.1% Labor Force 539,700 563,000 Unemployment 23,200 4.3% 34,100 6.1% 2,725 11.7% 1/ 1978. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Regional Economics Information System; Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. SUMMARY TRENDS SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS MIAMI SMSA 1974-1978 1974 1977 Number Percent Number Percent Average Annual Change: 1974-1977 Number Percent Demographic Characteristics Population Total 1,413,102 1,468,270 18,389 1.3% 65 Years + Population 215,659 15.3% 226,206 15.4% 3,516 1.6% Labor Participation Rate 43.3% 44.001 Per Capita Personal Income $6,375 $7,755 $460 7.2% A Employment Characteristics 1974 1978 1974-1978 00 Total Employment (non-agr.) 609,900 649,900 10,000 1.6% Manufacturing 92,300 15.1% 95,100 14.6% 700 0.8% Contract Construction 43,100 7.1% 30,500 4.7% (3,150) (7.3)% Transportation and Utilities 59,900 9.8% 62,400 9.6% 625 1.0% Trade (Wholesale and Retail) 156,400 25.6% 165,500 25.5% 2,275 1.5% Finance, Insurance and 44,500 7.3% 46,500 7.2% 500 1.1% Real Estate Services and Miscellaneous 141,400 23.2% 155,100 23.9% 3,425 2.4% Government 72,300 11.9% 91,800 14.1% 4,875 6.7% Labor Force 649,679 688,034 9,589 1.5% Unemployment 50,063 7.7% 48,187 7.0% (469) (0.9)% 1/ 1978. Sources: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security; Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. 11111111111111111111.1! • SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS ATLANTA METROPOLITAN AREA ECONOMY General: '-493 of Fortune 500 companies have offices in Atlanta Manufacturing: --2200 Metropolitan area manufacturers employing over 134,000 workers - -30% of Georgia's manufacturers located in the Atlanta SMSA - -area manufacturing activity very diversified, predominatly high value added - -leading industries are metals and machinery manufacturing, transportation equipment, food and kindred products, chem- icals, textiles and apparel products. Retailing and Wholesaling: Banking: International Trade: --wholesaling accounts for one -sixth total wholesale trade in southeastern U. S., over $15 billion worth of business with 4,300 establishments. --retailing generates over $6 billion annually --28 of nation's 50 largest retailing companies have stores in the Atlanta area (Davidson's, Lord and Taylor., Neiman Marcus, J.C. Penny, Rich's, Sak's Fifth Avenue and Sears.) --55 commercial banks, 16 savings and loan associations. --U.S. Federal Reserve Bank, Sixth District. --four largest banks maintain international divisions specializing in import/export financing and foreign investment assistance --11 foreign banks with local offices including Credit Suisse Bank, Commerzbank of Germany, Barclays of England, Bank of Tokyo, and the French -American Bank- ing Corporation. --over 170 foreign concerns have sales or business offices. --the state operates industry and trade recruiting offices in Belgium, Japan, Canada and Brazil. --new air service to Europe has begun to pick uP with over- seas service to Brussels, London, Frankfort and Mexico. Future service to Amsterdam, Tel Aviv, and France expected --Georgia World Congress Center established, an internationally oriented convention and trade complex, largest single floor exhibition hall in U.S. --foreign trade zone in operation 25 miles south of Hartsfield Atlanta airport. III-C-19 Construction: Present: Future: - -$3-$3.5 billion Metro -Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority's rapid rail mass transportation project. Completion near 1990. - -$70 million for Russell Federal Building - -$42 million for the state's twin -tower office buildings - -$400-$500 million airport expansion - -$200 million for sewer and water construction - -$100 million Southern Bell 47-floor complex - -$50 million Coca-Cola 26-floor tower - -$100 million Georgia Power office building - -$12 million for Franklin -Haney Tower - -$11 million Hilton hotel with 224 rooms - -apparel mart planned adjacent to present Merchandise Mart. --Marriott plans construction of a 15-floor hotel, third in Atlanta. - -two additional hotels in Peachtree Center - -18 floor Guest Quarters hotel. Conventions: --802 conventions, 860,000 delegates, spending $224 million in 1978 - -Georgia World Congress Center with 2,000 seat auditorium and 350,000 sq.ft. exhibition hall . - -Atlanta Civic Center, 70,000 sq.ft. exhibition space, 4,600 seat performance hall - -Merchandise Mart in Peachtree Center has 10,000 sq.ft. for exhibitions - -Omni; accommodates 18,000 people for concerts, conventions and sports events. OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Office: Approximately 1 million sq.ft. vacant downtown. --available new space costs $8.50-$11.00 per sq.ft. Industrial: --approximately 6 million square feet of space absorbed, 1978. - -industrial revenue bonds are issued - -speculative construction running at 3 million sq.ft. per year for period 1976-1979. - -adequate infrastructural improvements available - -average land price per acre:. $25,000-$30,000 - -Rental rates: $2.00-$2.50 per TRANSPORTATION Airport Services: Current --9 carriers Service: --36,536,000 passengers in 1978 -international services to Brussels, London, Frankfort and Mexico III-C-20 - -Metropolitan area occupancy rate at 83%, 82% in CBD. • Expansion Plans: Carriers: Railway Service: Trucking Service: Highways: BUSINESS TAXES Atlanta: DeKalb County: or Fulton County: Inventory: - -$500 million construction includes new terminal complex with two landside, four airside terminals, mid -field cargo terminal, international terminal/customs facility -- process 800 passengers per hour, expansion of roads and runways. - -Lufthansa, British Caledonia, Sabina, KLM, ELAL, Japan Airlines, Air France plan future routes to Amsterdam, Tel Aviv, and France - -additional scheduled flights planned to overseas cities already served. --possible direct flights to Central and South American cities. Braniff Eastern Northwest, Southern United Delta National Piedmont T.W.A. --Southern Railway System and Family Lines System - -34 railroads maintain off-line offices. - -local facilities are most modern available with com- puterized equipment. - -350 carriers are available for transport to any continental destination. --I-75 connects Tampa/St.Petersburg to Cincinnati and Detroit --I-85 originates in Atlanta and connects with 1-95 along east coast. --I-20 begins in Columbia, S.C., goes through Dallas before connecting with I-10 to the west coast. Real Property $45.72 per $1,000 $13.23 per $1,000 $13.92 per $1,000 40% assessed value 40% assessed value 40% assessed value Taxed as real property Georgia: Corporate Income: 6% Intangibles: $0.10 - $1.00 per $1,000 depending on type of property Personal Income: - -under $1,000 --$1,000-$3,000 - -$3,000-$5,000 --$5,000-$7,000 --$7,000-$10,000 --over $10,000 III-C-21 1% $10 + 2% of amount over $1,000 $50 + 3% of amount over $3,000 $110 + 4% of amount over $5,000 $190 + 5% of amount over $7,000 $340 + 6% of amount over $10,000 HOUSING Rental: --occupancy rates approaching 96-97% - -average rent for 1BR/1B begins at $225-$230 - -new apartment construction getting started Sale: --average cost for new home - $44,000-$46,000, - -demand very strong, new home sales up 8%, single family building permits up 10% for first quarter of 1979. EDUCATION FACILITIES Vocational/Technical: - -25 schools with 115,000 students Higher Learning: MEDICAL SERVICES - -25 colleges and universities - -four junior colleges - -50 private business and career schools - -numerous centers for science, medical engineering, and behavorial research - -57 hospitals with 10,755 beds - -Emory University Medical Center - -Federal Center for Disease Control, national headquarters - -specialized facilities in poison control, burn treatment and radiation therapy CULTURAL FACILITIES - -Museum of Art - -Memorial Arts Center - -Dance Theatres - -Symphony Orchestra --Theatre - -Public Library - 4,000,000 volumes - -Professional and amateur sports III-C-22 • ECONOMY Distribution: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS NEW ORLEANS METROPOLITAN AREA —Port of New Orleans: - -second largest U.S. port with reputation for efficiency in handling cargo. --houses largest manufacturing employer in the state - Avondale shipyards with 9,000 non -union employees. - -40 steamship agencies with local offices represen- ting over 100 shipping lines. - -10.5 miles of waterfront and 250 acres of cargo handling areas. - -101 berths, capable of servicing 85 ships at a time. - -routes to Europe, both American coasts, Near and Far East. --directly generates 72,000 jobs with payroll of $600 million. --Superport - construction underway off shore. Will facil- itate unloading crude oil from supertankers, should result in considerable refinery and petrochemical operations. Phase I construc- tion costs $500 million with 1.4 million barrels per day capacity. Final phase at $1 billion with 3.4 million barrels per day. Manufacturing: Free Trade Zone - --18.5 acres --authority granted to establish special-purpose sub - zones where needed. --over 1,000 firms; major employment categories are shipbuilding, food processing, petroleum refining, and primary metal production. --second largest primary aluminum plant, nickel refining plant, petroleum complex producing fuels and associated products. III-C-23 Tourism : Conventions : Banking: Construction: --approximately 35% of CBD hotel occupancy and 70% of area tourist market is generated by the French Quarter. --720 conventions (520,000 delegates) whlcch brought in an estimated $138.5 million—, in 1978. - -160 metro area hotels with 20,2C0. rooms. - -Rivergate Exhibition Center, main hall of 130,000 sq.ft. for exhibits or seating for 17,000. - -Superdome, auditorium seating for 97,000, exhibit space of 166,000 sq.ft; four aux- iliary convention halls with 2,500 capacity each; 27,000 sq.ft. exhibitive concourse. --branch bank of Sixth Federal Reserve District. --39 commercial banks and 40 savings and loan associations. - -Paydras Place, 11 acres to include 1,251 room Hyatt, 425,000 sq.ft. office building and retail mall of 150,000 sq.ft. - -International Rivercenter, 23 acres with 1,200 room Hilton, 3 office buildings, condominiums, with health clubs. - -$50 million Pan American Life Insurance - international headquarters, 700,000 sq.ft. with 28 floors. - -Canal Place, $500 million, 500 room hotel, another 300 room hotel, townhouses, apart- ments, 2.5 million sq.ft. of office space, 700,000 sq.ft. of retail space, waterfront curise ship terminal, restaurants and enter- tainment. - -Piazza D'Italia, $12.5 million complex with commercial development, cultural centers, three other commercial buildings. OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Office Space Industrial Space - -occupancy rates in existing buildings about 90-91%, rents average $8.50. - -land availability is tight, industry is moving to developable land up -river in St. Charles, St. John, and St. James Par- ishes. Infrastructural improvements are available as well as water, rail and motor transportation. - -average price per acre: $20,000 - $23,000 -- rental rates: $1.75 - $2.25 per sq. ft. 1/ Based upon New Orleans Tourist and Convention Center estimates of $260 expenditure per delegate. III-C-24 TRANSPORTATION SERVICES Trucking Highway Railroads - -110 lines provide trans -continental service. - -I-10 connects Jacksonville, Houston and San Diego. --I-55, north from New Orleans to St. Louis and Chicago. --I-59, north from New Orleans, joins I-75 to Cincinnati and Detroit. --seven trunklines, direct connections to 40 metropolitan areas. 31 companies maintain off-line offices. Airport Current Service --14 carriers. - -4,372,000 passengers in 1978 - -service to Central, America --European flights curtailed in 1978 Expansion --new terminal wing added, 1975 Future Service --flights to continue to Central America, gradual expansion of service possible. --no new service to Europe is planned. Carriers --Aviateca National TACA Intn'l Braniff Northwest Texas Intl Continental Pan American T.W.A. Delta SAHSA Honduras United Eastern Southern BUSINESS TAXES Local: New Orleans (Orleans Parish) Inventory Taxed as Real Property Real Property $94.08 per $1,000 15% assessed value State: Louisiana Corporate Income: 4% on first $25,000 5% on next $25,000 6% on next $50,000 7% on next $100,000 8% on all over $200,000 • Intangibles: $1.50 per $1,000 Personal Income: 2% on first $10,000 4% on next $40,000 6% on all over $50,000 III-C-25 HOUSING Rental: Louisiana tax exemptions allow new manufacturing industries or additions and expansions to existing plants to be exempt from parish and municipal ad valorum taxes on plant and equip- ment for five years with allowances for an additional five years (does not include land or inventories). Once this tax- exempt period expires, property is assessed and taxed in same manner as other property in parish. - -occupancy rates near 97%. - -average rent is $220 for 1BR/1B. - -little new construction. Sales: --very strong market. - -average price of new homes begins at $43,000 - $47,000. EDUCATION FACILITIES Higher Education--14 universities, respected programs in medicine, law, religion, and black studies. --30 business and technical schools. Vocational/ Technical - -limited offerings in high schools, programs expanding in area colleges. - -labor force is not highly skilled. • MEDICAL SERVICES --31 area hospitals with 7,400 beds teaching/research hospitals of Tulane and Louisiana State University. - -effort planned to develop cooperative multi -institutional medical complex composed of public and private downtown medical centers. CULTURAL/ENTERTAINMENT - -opera guild --concert association - -performing arts theatre - -museums of art - -jazz museum - -Jazz and Heritage Festival - -Mardi Gras - -various parks and other museums ,-public library system III-C-26 SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS ORLANDO METROPOLITAN AREA. _ ECONOMY Tourism: -31,000 hotel/motel rooms; average occupancy of 67% -Nearly 4,000 additional, hotel rooms proposed -2,252 conventions in 1978, with 430,488 delegates - $25 million Convention and Civic Center - Three Major Attractions: 1. Disney World: 14.1 million visitorsin 1978. $500 million enta1sPrototypecCo munity, of Tomorrow to include new EPCOT (Experime Center, new rides, 132 more hotel rooms, 140 more villas and a small (300-person) convention center 2. Sea World: 2.4 million visitors in j$ $100 million expansion planned over next 10 years, to include expansion of park and development of "Vacation Village," with 750 motel rooms and retail services. 3. Circus World: 1.2 million visitors in 1973. $6 million expansion planned by June 1983 to include a doubling of the size of the park Trade: Free Trade Zone e, whiPr'iase slt whiclude 200 h ecludes acres, developed in. three. eh 16,000 square feet of building space and a 26,000 square foot international arrivals building, is to open shortly. Construction: Major projects planned include: 1. $500 million Disney World expansion 2. $100 million Sea World expansion 3. $6 million Circus World expansion 4. New regional shopping center on International Drive 5. $1.7 billion in housing construction 6. $15 million for Free Trade Zone 7. $61 million in highway improvements 8. $200-250 million for airport expansion I I I-C-21 OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Office Development: 1974 occupancy was 84%, occupancy of 91% estimated for 1979 Average rent $6.93 per square foot Industrial Development: -Sufficient land available. Adequate infrastructure service. Issue Industrial Revenue Bonds.Electronics y firms are increasingly important t t - Average price/acre: $32,000 - $37,000 F i - Rental Rates: $2.25 - $2.50 per sq. ft. TRANSPORTATION SERVICES Major Highways: Railroad Service: Florida Turnpike I-4 (Tampa to Daytona Beach) Beeline Expressway (Merritt Island, Cocoa to Orlando), connects to I-4 U.S. 441, 17, 92 Seaboard Coastline Trucking Services: 33 carriers have local terminals Airport Service: Current Service: -11 carriers - 5,182,264 passengers in 1978 -36.9 million pounds of cargo in 1978 - no regularly scheduled overseas flights Expansion Plans: New terminal under construction: 55 gates, third runway, enlargement of customs facility 80% increase in passengers expected by 1985 Foreign Service: only chartered flights at present expect international flights in future, not sure when. III-C-28 Carriers: BUSINESS TAXES Orlando City: Orange County: Inventory: Delta Air Florida National Allegheny Southern United Eastern Brannif Northwest Chautagua GoldenSouth Real Property $8.88 per $1,000 90% assessed value $14.88 per $1,000 90% assessed value Taxed as real property at 10% valuation Florida: Corporate Income: 5% of (Federal income tax return - $5,000) Intangibles: $1.00 per $1,000 Personal Income: None HOUSING Rental: Low vacancy at present Average rent: $178 per month for 1 BR/1B Sale: Average cost - $43,000 EDUCATION FACILITIES Vocational/Technical: 5 schools, 253 teachers, 6,100 students Higher Learning: Four 4-year colleges Two 2-year colleges MEDICAL SERVICES Hospitals/Clinics: 16 facilities with 4,015 beds, 750 doctors CULTURAL/RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Parks: Other: 71 parks Aft museum Civic auditorium 28 golf courses III-C=29 Planetarium Symphony orchestra ECONOMY Manufacturing: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS TAMPA-ST. PETERSBURG METROPOLITAN AREA - -Major employers include Honeywell, Westinghouse, Continental Can, Reynolds Metal, Jim Walter Corp., Lykes Brothers, Inc., Joseph Schlitz and Anheuser- Busch Brewing Co.'s. --215 publishing and printing establishments in Hillsborough and Pinellas counties employed 9.5% of manufacturing labor force in those counties. - -Striving to attract high paying industries such as electronics, chemicals, printing and services. Finance and Insurance: --Growing Financial Center; attracting finance, insurance, investment and bank holding companies. Trade: --Port of Tampa and International Airport make Tampa an important distribution center. Port of Tampa: --48.4 million tons through port in 1978. - -24.2 million tons of phosphate. --eighth largest U.S. port in tonnage, fourth in foreign exports. --$120 million project to deepen port to 43 feet underway. --16 terminals handle phosphate, fertilizers and related chemicals - largest facilities in world. - -11 terminals available to handle dry bulk other than phosphate, including grain and feeds, salt, cement., gypsum, coal and salt. --a new roll-off/roll-on terminal is being completed. - -construction completed on new drydock, $23 million project to increase annual ship drydocking from 14 to almost 50. - -port activity responsible for over $1 billion in economic benefits and 36,400 port and maritime jobs., - -major exports are phosphate, cattle and citrus products. Imports include frozen and processed meats, foreign auto- mobiles, and petroleum. - -facilities for 460,000 barrels of petroleum. III-C-30 R.R° ai•, Tourism: Agriculture and Mining: --37,000 hotel/motel rooms - -500 room Hyatt planned for downtown - -745 conventions with 147,670 delegates in 1978 --convention facilities: --Curtis Nixon Hall with 61,000 sq.ft, and seating capacity for 7,400 --Egypt Temple Shrine offers convention facilities for 2,000 --30,000 sq.ft. Civic Center planned -- major attraction is Busch Gardens: 2.6 million atten- dance in 1978. 20-acre $18 million expansion planned by December 1979, plus 22-acre $6.5 million water complex by March 1980 and 400-unit hotel in early 1981. - -Agriculture production of over $110 million in value - -Area provides 75% of U.S. (30% of world) phosphate production. 10 major phosphate mining firms. Construction: . — Recently Comoleted: Planned: • - -$6.1 million State Regional Office Center - -$2.5 million Fire Administration Headquarters --$5 million City Hall Annex --$6.1 million City School Board Annex --$12 million for two city owned automobile garages --Quad Block G.T.E. complex to include $40 million office building of 730,000 sq.ft. $30 million 500 room Hyatt Hotel, $4.3 mil- lion Civic Center with 30,000 sq.ft. and a $4.8 million retail plaza. million Mack Development Company building with 300,000 sq.ft. --$25 million Tampa Electric Company office building, 260,000 sq.ft. --$200-$300 million unnamed project on a bay island with 3,000-5,000 residential units and commercial development III-C-31 OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Office Development: Industrial Development: --office space occupancy 83% --downtown: 6,000,000 sq.ft. total 1,000,000 sq.ft. vacant - -rents average $8.25/sq.ft. - -sufficient land available. Demand for new warehouse/ industrial space strong. Bank loans for construction are difficult to get. - -land sales at $30,000-$35,000 per acre --manufacturing/warehouse rents approximately $2.20-$2.45 per square foot - -industrial revenue bonds not used TRANSPORTATION SERVICES Major Highways: Trucking: Railroads: Airport Services: Current: Expansion: Foreign Service: Carriers: - -Interstate 4 from Tampa through Orlando to Daytona Beach - -Interstate 75 from Tampa (soon to Ft. Lauderdale) to Cincinnati and Detroit - -20 firms with local offices provtde service throughout the eastern and mid -western United States. - -Seaboard Coast Line - -$80 million passenger terminal completed in 1971. First to use airside/landside concept. - -total passengers in 1978, 6,984,000. - -15 carriers. - -runways being extended to 10,000 feet. --scheduled flights to Canada and Mexico. - -only charter flights overseas. - -seasonal flights to Amsterdam and Frankfort, flights are weekly through October.. - -potential for European and South American routes is high Air Canada Air Florida Allegheny American Brannif Continental Delta Eastern III-C-32 National Ozark Piedmont Republic T.W.A. United Northwest BUSINESS TAXES Local: • Real Property Tampa: $27.00 per $1,000 100% assessed value or Hillsborough County: $20.00 per $1,000 100% assessed value Inventory: Taxed as Real property at 10% valuation Florida: Corporate Income: 5% of (Federal income tax return $5,000) Intangibles: $1.00 per $1,000 Personal Income: None HOUSING Residential: Rental: EDUCATION FACILITIES --single family home sales very strong. Construction is picking up but not matching demand. New home prices high, at about $45,000 - $48,000. - -occupancy levels near 98% - -limited new construction will not ease occupancy levels --rent for 1BR/lba approximately $185-$190. Vocational/Technical: --programs available in high schools --five VOTEC centers serving 23,600 people in 1978 Higher Education: - -four two-year schools or junior colleges - -two four-year schools, programs in liberal arts, business administration and medicine with over 25,000 students MEDICAL SERVICES - -23 hospitals with 7,250 beds. - -special centers for radiation treatment, childrens physical therapy, stroke rehabilitation, school for deaf. - -University of South Florida Colleges of Medicine and Nursing III-C-33 CULTURAL FACILITIES - -Art Center --Ballet --Symphony - -Theatre - -Civic Auditorium - -Professional and Collegiate Sports III-C-34 ECONOMY Insurance and Banking: SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS JACKSONVILLE METROPOLITAN AREA --employs 29,000 workers, over 10% of total area employment - -recognized as major financial center for Florida, though little foreign banking has materialized --13 insurance companies, three of state's four largest banks headquartered in Jacksonville. - -another 13 insurance companies or banks maintain regional or district offices. Trade and Distribution: Port of Jacksonville: --14.4 million tons handled in 1977 - -imported cargo includes automobiles, coffee, iron, tractors, lumber, and petroleum _.more foreign automobiles imported than any other port. --exports include paper and related goods, clay, scrap metals, naval equipment and citrus products. - -over 11,600 feet of lighted marginal wharf space --220 acres of open storage - -liquid storage facilities for over 400,000 barrels - -new facilities for major ship repairs and construction - -in 1977, total direct and secondary value added from port activities amounted to $727.4 million. Military Community: Present: --three major installations employ over 40,000 military and civilian workers with payroll of $435 million. - -total economic impact on Jacksonville's economy esti- mated at $714.6 million in 1976. Expansion --new submarine base being constructed 35 miles to the Plans: north. Expect 6,000 employees in 1980 followed by 20,000-30,000 more at some later date. Food and Kindred Products Manufacture: • --17% of area's manufacturing employment --headquarters for Winn -Dixie Stores, Inc., and regional offices of Maxwell House, Inc., and Anheiser-Busch, Inc. III-C-35 Construction: Recently Completed: New & Planned Construction: •-$50 million Independent Life Building - -$20 million Blue Cross -Blue Shield Building --$18 million Atlantic Bank Building --$15 million downtown campus for Florida Junior College --$200 million North and South Bank redevelopment project including office buildings for Bell Telephone and the Charter Company, a hotel, an 800 unit residential project. - -$25 million Sheraton hotel with 350 rooms --$107 million for phase 1 of downtown People Mover - -$18 million in downtown renovation including $5-$6 million for 400 room Holiday Inn. - -$20 million for improvement of downtown infrastructure including streets, sewer and water lines and sidewalks. OFFICE AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Industrial Development: - -sufficient land with adequate infrastructural services available for development. --industrial revenue bonds are issued. - -currently engaged in trying to lure electronics and other manufacturing industries to the area. - -average price per acre: $25,000-$27,000. --rental rates: $2.00-$2.50 per sq. ft. Office Development: --office space absorption running at 150,000-200,000 sq.ft. per year - -downtown occupancy levels estimated at 94% for 1979 - -average rent is $8.40 per sq.ft. - -demand for new office space is strong TRANSPORTATION SERVICES Major Highways: Railroads: - -Interstate I-10 runs from Jacksonville to San Diego, California through New Orleans, Houston. - -Interstate I-75 just west of Jacksonville connects Tampa to Atlanta, Cincinnati, and Detroit - -Interstate I-95 originates in Miami and runs through Jacksonville north to all major east coast cities and the Canadian Border - -three lines run over 55 freight and piggy back trains through Jacksonville daily. - -provide Jacksonville with access to 13 states and major markets in Washington D. C., Miami, Virginia, New Orleans, St. Louis, Cincinnati and Chicago. III-C-36 ■ Trucking: - -over 40 companies maintain terminals - -offer local, regional and long -line service Airport: Current -_1.8 million passengers in 1976 Service: --six carriers - -no regularly scheduled overseas flights. - -improvement and expansion of terminal facilities, lengthening existing runways, construction of new customs facility. --only chartered flights available; do not expect regularly scheduled flights for 3-5 years. Expansion Plans: Foreign Service: Carriers:. AirFlorida Eastern Brannif National Delta Republic BUSINESS TAXES Real Pro ert Jacksonville assessed rate (Duval County): $18.02 per $1,000 95.3% Inventory: Taxed as real property at 10% valuation Florida: Corporate Income: 5%$5f0(Federal income tax return Intangibles: $1.00 per $1,000 Personal Income: None HOUSING Rental: Sales: - -current occupancy levels near 92% - -average rent is $185 for 1BR/1B __no major new construction planned --building activity brisk in higher priced single family homes. - -average cost of new homes - $48,000 prices - -condominium sales picking up with average starting p around $50,000 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Vocational/Educational: --programs offered at area high schools and at campus of the Florida Junior College. Higher Education:tschools unior college --four four-year III-C-37 MEDICAL SERVICES - -11 metropolitan area hospitals with emergency helicopter service available - -plans for development of a cancer research center, child crisis center, and expansion of existing hospitals. CULTURAL/RECREATIONAL FACILITIES - -Haydon Burns Public Library, /50,000 volumes - -symphony orchestra - -opera and theatre - -art museums - -planetarium - -golf courses featuring P.G.A. tournament --annual Gator Bowl festivities. III-C-38 Port Miami Total Containerized % Containerized Comments: Tampa Total Containerized % Containerized Comments: Jacksonville Total Containerized % Containerized Comments: New Orleans Total Containerized % Containerized Comments: • KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF PORT FACILITIES MIAMI. TAMPA. JACKSONVILLE. AND MEW ORLEANS 1977 Total Tonnage Revenues (millions) (millions) Channel Depth Acres of Protected Berths Cargo Shelter 36' General Cargo 13 20 1.7 $5.4 Ro/Ro 10 0.3 Other 9 17.6 Leads Florida ports in dollar 'value ofxcargo. Export1 ivavalue uesoover ereim prtsyis sr$growth2.25/po at. Number one cruise port in world. app Y 8%. Direct and indirect economic of port estimated at $500 million. 46.3 fax 34' General Cargo 7 24.5 Ro/Ro NNAA Other 60 Phosphates and related products account for nearly half total tonnage moved through port. Largest phosphate exporting port in world. Eighth largest U.S. port in total tonnage, fourth in fitglt.o economic benefitlans to Tampa economy. Port related activity respon- siblefor over$1 biioni1 14.4 i12.5 38' General Cargo 12'/ 24.9 Ro/Ro ' 4.2 Other 29% More foreign autos imported than any other port. Leading tanker repair yard in U.S. located at port with excellent drydocking and repair services. Plans to deepen channel to 45 feet. Eleventh ranked container port in world. Economic impact uponn economy Exports are paper million. Major imports are autos, coffee, iron, petroleum and related products, clay. naval equipment and citrus products. 162.9 $25.4 40' Total 101 126.1 29.3 General Cargo 86 Ro/Ro 12 Other 3 Second largest U.S. port with reputation for efficiency in cargo handling. Capable of servicing 85 ships at a time. Largest grain export port in world. Direct impact of port is $600 million and 72.000 jobs. Largest manufacturing employer in the state -- Avondale Shipyards with 9,000 non -union employees. 18% 1/ All berths are roughly twice the size of berths at other ports Source: Port Authorities of the various cities 6 .. A 0 Number of Carriers Passengers Carried (1978) Freight Carried (lbs, 1978) Service to Foreign Cities (regularly scheduled flights) Expansion Plans Tampa 15 6.984,000 60.336.000 Toronto Montreal Seasonal to Amsterdam. Frankfort Extend Runways COMPARISON OF ACTIVITY AT MAJOR AIRPORTS SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES Orlando 11 5,182,000 36,862.000 None New terminal with 55 gates, 3rd runway, enlargement of customs facility Jacksonville 6 1.779,000 5,227.000 None Improvement of existing terminal fa- cilities, new customs facility, extension of runways New Orleans 14 6,047,000 96,925,000 San Salvador, Pan- ama City, Mexico City, Cancun. Nerida Guatamala City, San Pedro, Belise, San Jose, Costa Rica,San Juan, Managua. Terminal building improved in 1975 Atlanta 9 36,536,000 660,300,000 Brussels London ,Frankfort Mexico City New terminal complex with 2 landside 4 airside terminals, new customs facility, ex- pansion of runways Miami 69 16,501,000 1,026,593.000 36 foreign countries in Europe. Central and South America. Further expansion is anticipated Extension of runways. Inter- national facili- ties expansion near completion AD VALOREM TAX RATES/ SELECTED FLORIDA CITIES AND MIAMI VICINITY 1978-1979 FISCAL YEAR City Tax Rate 2/ in Mills — Miami Area City of Miami 33.086 Miami Beach ' 31.353 Coral Gables 27.145 Hialeah 23.647 Miami Springs 27.099 North Miami 24.719 North Miami Beach 24.303 Opa Locka 27.071 Homestead 23.900 Unincorporated Dade County Jacksonville Orlando Unincorporated` Orange County 19.191 18.02 23.76' 14.88 Includes 19 mill Dade County Tax (Total for city and rural county) (Includes Orange County) Tampa 27.00 (Includes Hillsborough County) Hillsborough County 21.00 1/ For personal and real property. 2/ One mill equals $1.00 per $1,000of assessed property value. Source: Dade County Tax Office; Tax offices of Jacksonville, Orlando and Tampa; Gladstone Associates. III-C-41 COMPARISON OF TAXESiMIAMI, ATLANTA, NEW ORLEANS FISCAL YEAR 1978-1979 Property (Real & Personal) Millage: % of Assessment: Adjusted to 100% Assessment: Miami DeKalb Fulton Atlanta + County or County New Orleans) (Orleans Parish) 33.09 76.76% 25.40 45.72 13.23 13.92 40% 40% 40% 18.29 5.29 5.57 94.08 15% 14.11 Corporate Income 5% of (federal income tax return -$5,000) 6% (State) $0-$25,000 4% $25-S50,000 5% $50-5100,000 6% $100-5200,000 7% +$200,000 8% Personal Income None (State only); incremental up to $10,000; then = $340 + 6% of amount over $10,000 (State only); Up to $10,000 x 2% $10,000-$50,000 x 4 + $50,000 x bi Intangibles $1.00 per $1,000 $.10 to $1.00 per $1,000 depending upon class of property $1.50 per $1,000 capital stock, etl. employed in Lousia Inventory 10% of just value Taxed as property at 40% of real value Taxed as property at 15% of cost at destination Sales 4% 3% + 1% or 1% 6% 1/ Includes state and county taxes except where county is noted separately; unemployment compensation has not been included because Florida's system is undergoing extensive revisions. 2/ All capital improvements for new and existing industries are exempt for five years from ad valorem taxes under Louisiana law. Source: Tax offices of each city; Gladstone Associates. III-C-42 rid Miami Jacksonville Orlando Tampa Atlanta New Orleans COMPARISON OF WATER AND SEWER CHARGES BASED ON A COMMERCIAL USER OF 150,000 GALL0NS1 JULY, 1979 Water (4801,000 gallons) $72.00 (based on 3" meter) $326.80 $63.91 (57.5Q/1,000 gallons) $86.25 $297.79 (based on 2" meter) $87.20 1/ Does not include special users fees, taxes, etc. Source: Water and sewer departments for each city. III-C-43 Sewer (5501,000 gallons) $82.50 (based on 3" meter) $161.82 $109.00 (70t/100 cubic feet) $140.38 $127.50 (based on 2" meter) $67.50 Miami Jackson ville COMPARISON OF ELECTRICITY COSTS 1/ SELECTED FLORIDA CITIES JULY, 1979 Customer Demand Charge Charge (KW)2/. $25 $2.60/KW for first 480 above 20; $2.35/KW remainder $1.25/KW for first 200; $1.00/KW remainder Tampa $20 $3.60/KW first 100; $3.25/KW remainder Orlando $15 $50 for first 25KW; $1.65/KW remainder Energy Charge (KWH)3/ 4.2t/KWH to 20,000; 2.351t/KWH remainder 2.03t/KWH first 100,000 1.83t/KWH remainder Total Bill 4/ Small User Large User Demand: 30 150 Energy: 40,000 250,000 $1 ,361 .20 $6,610.30 $ 849.50 $4,962.50, 3.633t/KWH first 10,000; 2.633t/KWH next 240,000; 2.183d/KWH remainder $1,280.00 $7,225.72 3.429t/KWH $1,290.00 first 20,000; 2.66t/KWH remainder $7,068.80 1/Does not include fuel adjustment charges, taxes, franchise fees, etc. 2/ Kilowatts 3/ Kilowatt Hours 4/ Hypothetical Source: Florida Public Service Commission; Gladstone Associates. III-C-44 EXCISE TAXES ON UTILITIES SELECTED CITIES IN THE SOUTHEAST AND MIAMI VICINITY 1978-1979 FISCAL YEAR City Miami Area City of Miami Miami Beach Coral Gables Hialeah Miami Springs North Miami North Miami Beach Opa Locka Unincorporated Dade County Jacksonville Orlando Ina Atlanta New Orleans Tax Rate For All Utilities Percent of Bill Franchise Fee For Electricity Percent of Bill 10% 4.659% g% 5.132% 10% 5.776% 8% (to $2,500 only) 4.896% 10% 5.588% 10% 5.604% 10% 5.592% 8% 4.366% 10% 6.000% 10% none 10% .0613/KWH 10% 6.000% Franchise only: gas - 3% electricity - 4% telephone - 3% water - none none none 1/ Includes electricity, gas, water, telephone and bottled gas; paid by consumer on gross bill excluding fuel adjustment. �/ Paid by consumer on gross bill excluding fuel adjustment. Source: Tax departments, utility companies and utility authorities in each city; Gladstone Associates. III-C-45 O1 Cost of Materials $1,500.2 $1,718.4 $ 766.6 $1,377.6 $5,932.3 $2,507.4 Value of Shipments (Millions of $2,887.3 $3,023.6 $1,452.7 $2,259.4 $9,711.4 $4,118.6 Dollars) New Capital Expenditures (Millions $ 114.4 $ 92.1 $ 34.5 $ 121.5 $ 187.4 $ 126.6 of Dollars) $ Data Item SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MIAMI SMSA AND SELECTED METROPOLITAN AREAS SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1976 Tampa - Miami St. Petersburg Orlando Jacksonville Atlanta New Orleans SMSA SNSA SMSA SMSA SMSA SMSA Total Employees 78,400 55,500 26,100 26,500 131,200 50,500 Payroll (Millions of Dollars) $ 712.3 $ 603.8 $ 298.4 $ 309.9 $1,590.0 $ 656.2 Production Workers 57,500 35,400 15,800 18,800 87,000 33,500 Production Labor Hours (Millions) 106.1 65.9 30.6 36.8 168.4 71.7 Production Worker Wages (Millions $ 416.0 $ 319.3 $ 131.4 $ 197.3 $ 872.4 $ 394.8 of Dollars) Average Production Worker's $ 3.92 $ 4.85 $ 4.29 $ 5.36 $ 5.18 S 5.51 Hourly Wage A Value Added (Millions of Dollars) $1,404.3 $1,347.1 $ 675.4 $ 885.6 $3,880.1 $1,620.6 Sources: Annual Survey of Manufactures 1976, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Data Item SUMMARY CHARACTERISTICS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MIAMI. MIAMI SMSA, TAMPA AND TAMPA - ST. PETERSBURG SMSA 1976 Miami As A Tampa As A City of Miami Percentage of City of Tampa - St. Percentage of Miami SMSA The SMSA Petersburg SMSA The SMSA Total Employees 29,000 78,400 37.0% 22,500 55.500 40.5% Payroll (Millions of Dollars) $ 251.5 $ 712.3 35.3% $ 236.2 $ 603.8 39.1% Production Workers 21,400 57.500 37.2% 15,300 35.400 43.2% Production Labor Hours (Millions) 37.6 106.1 35.4% 28.5 65.9 43.2% Production Worker Wages (Millions $ 140.9 $ 416.0 33.9% $ 136.5 $ 319.3 42.7% of Dollars) Average Production Worker's $ 3.75 $ 3.92 95.6% $ 4.79 $ 4.85 98.8% ~" s Hourly Wage cI A Value Added (Millions of $ 526.7 $1,404.3 37.5% Dollars) Cost of Materials (Millions $ 512.9 $1,500.2 34.2% of Dollars) Value of Shipments (Millions $1,033.8 $2,887.3 35.8% of Dollars) New Capital Expenditures $ 51.4 $ 114.4 44.9% $ 33.3 (Millions of Dollars) Sources: Annual Survey of Manufactures 1976, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census; Gladstone Associates. $ 558.6 $1,347.1 $ 843.1 $1,718.4 $1,388.4 $3.023.6 41.5% 49.1% 45.9% $ 92.1 36.2% VALUE OF SHIPMENTS SELECTED MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI, TAMPA AND ATLANTA METROPOLITAN AREAS 1976 (Millions of Dollars) Tampa -St. Miami Petersburg Atlanta SIC Industry Category SMSA SMSA SMSA 20 Food and Kindred Products 591.1 962.0 1,174.8 203 Preserved Fruits and Vegetables -- 219.4 -- 205 Bakery Products -- MS Mt 175.8 22 Textile Mill Products 147.7 -- 258.2 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products 360.2 91.8 446.5 232 Men's and Boys' Furnishings -- 175.5 233 Women's and. Misses' Outerwear 270.0 -- 139.1 25 Furniture and Fixtures 74.7 -- 93.4 27 Printing and Publishing 253.6 158.4 373.5 275 Commercial Printing -- -- 207.5 28 Chemicals, Allied Products 183.9 431.1 645.2 287 Agricultural Chemicals -- 359.9 -- 30 Rubber, Misc. Plastics Prod. 145.2 -- 171.7 31 Leather, Leather Products 58.1 - AO -- 34 Fabricated Metal Products 223.2 370.2 346.0 344 Fabricated Struc. Metal Prod. 118.2 178.6 182.5 36 Electric, Electronic Equipment 243.8 292.3 383.0 366 Communication Equipment -- 149.9 -- 367 Electronic Components, Access. -- 101.4 - 37 Transportation Equipment 84.8 84.0 4,176.8 38 Instruments, Related Products 86.6 -- !MAW Misc. Manufacturing Ind. 70.5 -- 78.7 Total Manufacturing 2,887.3 3,023.6 9,711.4 Source: Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 1976, U.S. Department of Commerce, bureau of the Census. III-C-48 VALUE ADDED SELECTED MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI, TAMPA AND ATLANTA METROPOLITAN AREAS 1976 (Millions of Dollars) Tampa -St. Miami Petersburg Atlanta SIC Industry Category SMSA SMSA SMSA 20 Food and Kindred Products 198.7 345.1 432.7 203 Preserved Fruits and Vegetables -- 109.8 205 Bakery Products -- -- 103.0 22 Textile Mill Products 69.8 -- 104.0 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products 192.4 39.8 163.8 232 Men's and Boys' Furnishings -- -- 55.4 233 Women's and Misses' Outerwear 145.5 -- 59.1 25 Furniture and Fixtures 34.7 -- 42.6 27 Printing and Publishing 177.1 107.8 235.4 275 Commercial Printing -- -- 120.8 28 Chemicals, Allied Products 84.6 144.4 321.6 287 Agricultural Chemicals -- 118.5 -- 30 Rubber, Misc. Plastics Prod. 88.1 -- 88.9 31 Leather, Leather Products 34.0 -- -- 34 Fabricated Metal Products 115.4 142.0 140.9 344 Fabricated Struc. Metal Prod. 52.2 73.9 74.7 36 Electric, Electronic Equipment 137.2 217.8 218.2 366 Communication Equipment -- 109.0 - 367 Electronic Components, Access. -- 89.5 _- 37 Transportation Equipment 28.9 47.0 1,375.0 38 Instruments, Related Products 54.1 -- -- 39 Misc. Manufacturing Ind. 35.4 -- 45.3 Total Manufacturing 1,404.3 1,347.1 3,880.1 Source: Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 1976, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. III-C-49 NEW CAPITAL EXPENDITURES SELECTED MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI, TAMPA, AND ATLANTA METROPOLITAN AREAS 1976 (Millions of Dollars) Tampa -St. Miami Petersburg Atlanta SIC Industry Category SMSA SMSA SMSA 20 Food and Kindred Products 26.1 15.9 26.0 203 Preserved Fruits & Vegetables -- 4.4 -- 205 Bakery Products a. AO -- 3.9 22 Textile Mill Products 3.3 -- 10.5 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products 6.0 1.3 8.6 232 Men's and Boy's Furnishings -- -- 1.9 233 Womens and Misses' Outerwear 4.3 -- 2.8 25 Furniture and Fixtures 2.2 -- 0.8 27 Printing and Publishing 15.0 3.5 7.7 f°; 275 Commercial Printing -- -- 4.5 28 Chemicals, Allied Products 5.6 28.0 21.3 287 Agricultural Chemicals -- 26.4 30 Rubber, Misc.. Plastics Products 7.9 OD MI 7.8 31 Leather, Leather Products 0.9 34 Fabricated Metal Products 10.8 15.8 7.4 344 Fabricated Structural Metal Prod. 5.9 14.3 6.6 36 Electric, Electronic Equipment 9.5 11.4 7.6 366 Communication Equipment -- 5.6 -- 367 Electronic Components, Accessories -- 4.3 -- 37 Transportation Equipment 7.5 0.8 47.9 38 Instruments, Related Products 2.7 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries 4.7 Total Manufacturing 114.4 92.1 187.4 •10 MI OD Source: Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 1976, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. III-C-50 PRODUCTION WORKER AVERAGE HOURLY WAGES SELECTED MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI, TAMPA AND ATLANTA METROPOLITAN AREAS 1976 Tampa -St. Miami Petersburg Atlanta SIC Industry Category SMSA SMSA SMSA 20 Food and Kindred Products $5.33 $4.39 $4.75 203 Preserved Fruits and Vegetables -- $4.07 205 Bakery Products -- -- $5.62 22 Textile Mill Products $3.86 -- $3.87 23 Apparel, Other Textile Products $2.88 $3.21 $2.95 232 Men's and Boys' Furnishings -- $3.16 233 Women's and Misses' Outerwear $2.61 -- $2.53 25 Furniture and Fixtures $4.42 -- $4.15 27 Printing and Publishing $7.55 $5.23 $5.85 275 Commercial Printing -- -- $6.09 28 Chemicals, Allied Products $3.47 $5.22 $5.14 287 Agricultural Chemicals -- $5.71 -- 30 Rubber, Misc. Plastics Prod. $3.31 -- $4.08 31 Leather, Leather Products $2.76 -- -- 34 Fabricated Metal Products $4.69 $6.00 $4.56 344 Fabricated Struc. Metal Prod. $4.16 $5.12 $4.23 36 Electric, Electronic Equipment $4.20 $5.20 $4.78 366 Communication Equipment -- $6.06 367 Electronic Components, Access. -- $4.11 -- 37 Transportation Equipment $4.14 $4.52 $7.75 38 Instruments, Related Products $3.55 -- -- 39 Misc. Manufacturing Ind. $3.08 -- $3.35 Total Manufacturing $3.92 $4.85 $5.18 Source: Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 1976, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. III-C-51 SIC 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS FOR TWO -DIGIT SIC MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Name Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures Textile mill products Apparel and other textile products Lumber and wood products Furniture and fixtures Paper and allied products Printing and publishing Chemicals and allied products Petroleum and coal products Rubber and misc. ,lastic products Leather and leather products Stone, clay and glass products Primary metal industries Fabricated metal products Machinery, except electrical Electric and electronic equipment Transportation equipment Instruments and related products Number 7,382 260 5,257 21,064 1,377 3,751 1,341 7,053 2,610 83 5,328 3,133 2,176 1,000-2,499 5,441 2,482 4,660 4,586 3,967 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 2,653 Administrative and Auxiliary 1,000-2,499 Total Manufacturing Total Employment 87,416 512,650 Miami SMSA % of Total Index- 8.4 0.3 6.0 24.1 1.6 4.3 1.5 8.1 3.0 0.1 6.1 3.6 2.5 1.1-2.9 6.2 2.8 5.3 5.2 4.5 3.0 1.1-2.9 100.0% 77 62 272 118 172 23 94 53 45 278 305 54 55 122 56 79 22 650 120 127 84 79 Atlanta SMSA Number 12,142 0 10,666 9,790 1,406-1,555 2,764 6,939-7,517 9,540 6,183 234 2,422 1,300 4,985-5,283 3,255-4,833 5,654 5,236-6,063 7,439 17,600-35,247 772 2,648-2,946 14,627 131,242 649,169 % of Total 9.3 0 8.1 7.5 1.1-1.2 2.1 5.3-5.7 7.3 4.7 0.2 1.8 1.0 3.8-4.0 2.5-3.7 4.3 4.0-4.6 5.7 13.4-26.9 0.6 2.0-2.2 11.1 100.0% 1/ The index adjusts Miami SMSA figures for the difference in total employment levels in Miami and Atlanta. Total employment in the Miami SMSA is 79% of total employment in the Atlanta SMSA. Therefore, the employment figure in each category is indexed to 79% of the comparable figure for Atlanta. Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS FOR TIIO-DIGIT SIC MANUFACTURING CATEGORIES MIAMI SMSA:-AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Tampa/St.Petersburg SMSA Number of Total Number % of Total 2r) Food and kindred products 7,382 8.4 9,223-10,722 16.2 21 Tobacco manufactures 260 0.3 1,922-2,071 3.4-3.6 22 Textile mill products 5,257 6.0 0 0 23 Apparel and other textile products 21,064 24.1 2,483 4.4 24 Lumber and wood products 1,377 1.6 1,751 3.1 25 Furniture and fixtures 3,751 4.3 1,003 1.8 26 Paper and allied products 1,341 1.5 767 1.3 27 Printing and publishing 7,053 8.1 5,150 9.1 28 Chemicals and allied products 2,610 3.0 3,747 6.6 29 Petroleum and coal products 33 0.1 120-348 -0.6 `" 30 Rubber and misc. plastic products 5,328 6.1 1,125 2.0 � , 31 Leather and leather products 3,133 3.6 250-499 0.4-0.9 v- 32 Stone, clay and class products 2,176 2.5 2,865 5.0 `) 33 Primary metal industries 1,000-2,499 1.1-2.9 1,206 2.1 34 Fabricated metal products 5,441 6.2 5,708-5,857 10.0-10.3 35 Machinery, except electrical 2,482 2.8 3,540-3,689 6.2-6.5 36 Electric and electronic equipment 4,660 5.3 6,240 11.0 2 2,753 4.8 5. 37 Transportation equipment 4,586 2.2-3. 1 1, 38 Instruments and related products 3,967 4.5 1,243-1,7422 2.01 39 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 2,653 3.0 2,578-,132 4.5-5.0 Administrative and Auxiliary 1,000-2,499 1.1-2.9 Total Manufacturing 37,416 100.0% 56,865 100.0% 358,045 Total Employment 512,650 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; GTadstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 20 Food and kindred products 7,382 100.0 12,142 100.0 201 Meat products 760 10.3 2,523 20.8 2011 Meat packing plants 250-499 3.4-6.8 60 . 0.5 2013 Sausages and other prepared meats 465 6.3 255 2.1 2016 Poultry dressing plants 2017 Poultry and egg processing 1,529 12.6 235 1.9 202 Dairy products 1,038 .14.1 1,285 10.6 ;' 2022 Cheese, natural and processed _ 600 4.9 ;' 2024 Ice cream and frozen desserts 100-249 1.4-3.4 185 1.5 u, 2026 Fluid milk 500-999 6.8-13.5 500 4.1 203 Preserved fruits and vegetables 669 9.1 760 6.3 2033 Canned fruits and vegetables 358 4.8 60 0.5 2035 Pickles, sauces and salad dressing 100-249 1.4-3.4 60 0.5 2037 Frozen fruits and vegetables _ 60 0.5 2033 Frozen specialties 100-249 1.4-3.4 525 4.3 204 Grain mill products 2045 Blended and prepared flour 2047 Dog, cat and other pet food 2048 Prepared feeds, nec. 205 Bakery products 2051 Bread, cakes and related products 2052 Cookies and crackers 2,184 1,000-2,499 1,050 _ 305 250 60 29.6 13.5-33.9 3,144 1,735 1,050 Continued. . . 8.6 2.5 2.1 0.5 25.9 14.3 8.6 0• EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd). FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS PIIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA SMSA SIC Name Number % of Total Number % of Total 0.5 206 Sugar and confectionery products 100-249 1.4-3.4 60 60 0.5 2065 Confectionery products 100-249 1.4-3.4 1.3 306 2.5 207 Fats and oils 97 50 0.4 2077 Animal & marine fats and oils 20-99 .3-1.3 175 2079 Shortening and cooking oils j 11.4 . 1,340 18.2 1,554 208 Beverages 18.7 1,175 28 . 97 2086 Bottled and canned soft drinks 1,310 160 1.3 .. 2087 Flavoring extracts, syrups, nec. 10.2 1,110 15.0 1,235 �, 209 Misc. foods and kindred products 563 7.6 n2092 Fresh or frozen packaged fish 209 2.8 - 2095 Roasted coffee 209 2.8 9.7 2097 Manufactured ice 13146 17 .8 1,177 2099 Food preparations, nec. Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 20 Food and kindred products 7,382 100.0% 9,223-10,722 100.0% 201 Meat Products 760 2011 Meat packing plants 10.3 500-999 5-10 2013 Sausages and other prepared meats 250-43.4-6.8 20-99 .2-1 465 5 6.3 500-999 5-10 2016 Poultry dressing plants 2017 Poultry and egg processing 0- Dairy products 1,038 14.1 859-1108 8.6-11.1 2922 Cheese, natural and processed - - 2f-1'=4 Ice cream and frozen desserts 100-249 20:16 Fluid milk 1.4-3.4 •• 500-999 6.8-13.5 ;' 203 Preserved fruits and vegetables 669 2033 Canned fruits and vegetables 358 4.8 2035 Pickles, sauces and salad dressing 100-249- 1.4-3.4 2037 Frozen fruits and vegetables 2038 Frozen specialties 100-249 1.4-3.4 204 Grain mill products 2015 Blended and prepared flour 2!" 47 Ow', rat and other pet food feels, nec. - 20', BaL.er•y products 2,184 2051 Bread, cakes and related products 1,000-2,499 2r62 Cookies and crackers 29.6 13.5-33.9 250-1498 2.5-15 919-3667 9.2-36.8 353 3.5 1500-3497 15-25.1 351 311 1136-1464 770-1597 250-499 Continued • . 3.5 3.1 11.4-14.7 7.7-16 2.5-5 411 EMPLOYMENT CIIARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd) FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Number % of Total Number 206 Sugar and confectionery products 100-249 1.4-3.4 20-99 2065 Confectionery products 100-249 1.4-3.4 20-99 207 Fats and oils 97 1.3 -- 2077 Animal & marine fats and oils 20-99 .3-1.3 2079 Shortening and cooking oils 1,340 18.2 1401-1500 14-15 ., 208 Beverages _ 500-999 5-10 2082 Malt Beverages 17.1 520-1098 5.2-11 c, 2086 Bottled and canned soft drinks 1,310 - v, 2087 Flavoring extracts, syrups, nec. 2278 22-8 209 Misc. foods and kindred products 1,110 15.0 278 563 7.6 136 1.8 12-8 2092 Fresh or frozen packaged fish 202.8 _ 2095 Roasted coffee 9 2097 Manufactured ice 137 .8 205-354 2.1-3.5 2099 Food preparations, nec. Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates Tampa SMSA % of Total .2-1 .2-1 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS P1IAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 22 Textile mill products 5,257 100.0 10,666 100.0 221 Weaving mills, cotton - - 3,310 31.0 222 Weaving mills, synthetics 925 8.7 223 Weaving: finishing mills, wool 100-249 1.9-4.7 - - 224 Narrow fabric mills 100-249 1.9-4.7 - - 225 Knitting mills 4,668 88.8 750 7.0 c� 2251 Women's hosiery, except socks 1,000-2,499 19.0-47.5 - - um -2252 Hosiery, nec. - _ 375 3.5 OD 2253 Knit outerwear mills 2,876 54.7 2254 Knit underwear mills - _ 375 3.5 2257 Circular knit fabric mills 500-999 9.5-19.0 226 Textile finishing, except wool 75 1.4 810 7.6 2261 Finishing plants, cotton - 750 7.0 2269 Finishing plants, nec. - - 60 0.6 227 Floor covering mills - - 262 2.5 2272 Tufted carpets and rugs - - 224 2.1 228 Yarn and thread mills 2281 Yarn mills, except wool 2282 Throwing and winding mills 2283 Wool yarn mills. 2284 Thread mills 77 1.5 2,085 19.5 - - 350 3.3 - 925 8.7 - 60 0.6 750 7.0 Continued. . • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd) TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 229 Miscellaneous textile goods 120 2.3 985 9.2 2293. Paddings and upholstery filling - 60 0.6 2294 Processed textile waste - 60 0.6 2295 Coated fabrics, not rubberized 20-99 0.4-1.9 750 7.0 2296 Tire cord and fabric - Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of -Total Number % of Total 22 Textile mill products 5,257 100.0 221 Weaving mills, cotton 222 Weaving mills, synthetics 223 Weaving: finishing mills, wool 100-249 1.9-4.7 224 Narrow fabric mills 100-249 1.9-4.7 1 225 Knitting mills 4,668 88.8 a, 2251 Women's hosiery, except socks 1,000-2,499 19.0-47.5 2252 Hosiery, nec. 2253 Knit outerwear mills 2,876 54.7 2254 Knit underwear mills - - 2257 Circular knit fabric mills 500-999 9.5-19.0 226 Textile finishing, except wool 75 1.4 2261 Finishing plants, cotton 2269 Finishing plants, nec. 227 Floor covering mills 2272 Tufted carpets and rugs 228 Yarn and thread mills 2281 Yarn mills,, except wool 2282 Throwing and winding mills 2283 Wool yarn mills 2284 Thread mills 77 1.5 • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd) TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name 229 Miscellaneous textile goods 2293 Paddings and upholstery filling 2294 Processed textile waste 2295 Coated fabrics, not rubberized 2296 Tire cord and fabric Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Plumber % of Total 120 20-99 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 2.3 0.4-1.9 SIC Name EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 23 Apparel and other textile products 21,064 100.0 9,790. 100.0 231 Men's and boys' suits and coats 223 1.1 375 3.8 232 Men's and boys' furnishings 2,557 12.1 4,330 44.2 2321 Men's and boys' shirts and nightwear 1,438 6.8 1,575 16.1 2323 Men's and boys' neckwear 100-249 0.5-1.2 - - 2327 Men's and boys' separate trousers 250-499 1.2-2.4 1,750 17.9 2328 Men's and boys' work clothing 100-249 0.5-1.2 684 7.0 2329 Men's and boys' clothing, nec. 347 1.6 290 3.0 cl , 233 Women's and misses outerwear 11,877 56.4 2,157 22.0 rn ^' 2331 Women's and misses blouses 898 4.3 38 0.4 2335 Women's and misses dresses 7,186 34.1 508 5.2 2337 Women's and misses suits and coats 1,727 8.2 175 1.8 2339 Women's and misses outerwear, nec. 1,741 8.3 1,436 14.7 234 Women's and children's outergarments 186 0.9435 4.4 2341 Women's and children's underwear 100-249 0.5-1.2 60 0.6 2342 Brassieres and allied garments - - 375 3.8 235 Hats, caps and millinery 193 0.9 60 0.6 2351 Millinery 20-99 0.1-0.5 60 0.6 2352 Hats & caps, except millinery 20-99 .1-0.5 - - 236 Children's outerwear 2,217 10.5 175 1.8 2361 Children's dresses and blouses 1,160 5.5 60 0.6 2369 Children's outerwear, nec. 963 4.6 60 0.6 Continued. . 1• EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd) APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 238 Misc. apparel and accessories 447 2.1 143 1.5 2384 Robes and dressing gowns 100-249 0.5-1.2 - 2385 Waterproof outergarments 100-249 0.5-1.2 - 2387 Apparel belts 100-249 0.5-1.2 60 0.6 239 Misc. fabricated textile products 1,368 6.5 1,882 19.2 2391 Curtains and draperies 306 1.5 585367 6.0 3.7 2392 House furnishings, nec. 283 1.3 375 3.8 2394 Canvas and related products 355 1.7 2395 Pleating and stitching 232 1.1 - 2396 Automotive and apparel trimmings 120 0.6 60 0.6 2397 Schiffli Machine Embroideries 409. 4.2 c, 2399 Fabricated textile products rn Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates SIC EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 Name 23 Apparel and other textile products 231 Men's and boys' suits and coats 232 2321 2323 2327 2328 2329 233 2331 2335 2337 2339 Men's Men's Men's Men's Men's Men's and boys' and boys' and boys' and boys' and boys' and boys' Women's Women's Women's Women's Women's furnishings shirts and nightwear neckwear separate trousers work clothing clothing, nec. and misses and misses and misses and misses and misses outerwear blouses dresses suits and coats outerwear, nec. 234 Women's and children's outergarments 2341 Women's and children's underwear 2342 Brassieres and allied garments 235 Hats, caps and millinery 2351 Millinery 2352 Hats & caps, except millinery 236 Children's outerwear 2361 Children's dresses and blouses 2369 Children's outerwear, nec. Miami SMSA Number % of Total 21,064 223 2,557 1 ,438 100-249 250-499 100-249 347 11,877 898 7,186 1,727 1,741 186 100-249 193 20-99 20-99 2,217 1,160 963 100.0 1.1 12.1 6.8 0.5-1.2 1.2-2.4 0.5-1.2 1.6 56.4 4.3 34.1 8.2 8.3 0.9 0.5-1.2 0.9 0.1-0.5 .1-0.5 10.5 5.5 4.6 Tampa SMSA Number % of Total 2483 966 500-999 100-249 667-816 20-348 250-499 250-499 250-499 100.0 39.6 20.5-41 4.1-10.2 27.4-33.5 .8-14.3 10.3-20.5 10.3-20.5 10.3-20.5 Continued . . II 111111111111•111111111111,1111 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Cont'd) APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS 'MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC dame Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 238 Misc. apparel and accessories 447 2.1 _ 2384 Robes anddressing gowns 100-249 0.5-1.2 _ 2385 Waterproof outergarments 100-249 0.5-1.2 _ 2387 Apparel belts 100-249 0.5-1.2 _ 1,368 6.5 274-423 11.2-17.4 — 239 Misc. fabricated textile products 3.7 2391 Curtains and draperies 306 1.5 89 _ 2392. House furnishings, nec. 283 1.3 8J_49 3.5-4.1 2394 Canvas and related products 355 1.7 _ --• 2395 Pleating and stitching 232 1.1 _ 2396 Automotive and apparel trimmings 120 0.6 100-249 4.1-10.2 - h 2397 Schiffli Machine Embroideries - - o, 2399 Fabricated textile products Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FURNITURE AND FIXTURES MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 25 Furniture and fixtures 3,751 100.0% 2,764 100.0% 251 Household furniture 2,017 53.8% 1,320 47.8% 2511 Wood household furniture 452 12.1% 295 10.7% 2512 Upholstered household furniture 580 15.5% 2514 Metal household furniture 341 9.1% 2515 Mattresses and bedsprings 431 11.5% 987 35.7% 2519 Household furniture, nec. 100-249 2.7-6.6% •y 252 Office furniture 250-499 6.7-13.3% 315 11.4% 2521 Wood office furniture 305 8.1% 1 2522 Metal office furniture - 315 11.4% cm cm 254 Partitions and fixtures 614 16.4% 685 24.7% 2541 Wood partitions and fixtures 469 12.5% 350 12.7% 2542 Metal partitions and fixtures 145 3.9% 235 8.5% 259 Misc. furniture and fixtures 753 20.1% 324 11.7% 2591 Drapery hardware, blinds, shades 100-249 2.7-6.6% 2599 Furniture and fixtures, nec. 644 17.2% 324 11.7% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone. Associates. IIII111111!INIMINIMPINIml AlIPMIN • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FURNITURE AND FIXTURES MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA % of Total Number % of Total Number 25 Furniture and fixtures 3,751 100.0% 1003 100.0% 8% 691 68.9%3. 251 household furniture 2,017 519.3% 2511 Wood household furniture 452 12.1% 2019448 2.0-9.3% 2512 Upholstered household furniture 580 15.5% _ 2514 Metal household furniture 341 9.1% 63 6.3% 2515 Mattresses and bedsprings 431 11.5% 100-249 10.0-24.8% 2519 Household furniture, nec. 100-249 2.7-6.6% 250-499 6.7-13.3% 20-99 2.0-9.9% 252 Office furniture _ 2521 Wood office furniture 305 8.1% 2.0-9.9% 2522 Metal office furniture - 20-99 Tampa SMSA ... 103--198 182 10.3-18.1% 254 Partitions and fixtures 614 16.4% 40. !, ?541 Wood partitions and fixtures 469 12.5% - 4.0-19_ 7% ' on 254E Metal partitions and fixtures 145 3.9% 259 Misc. furniture and fixtures. 753 20.1% 2591 Drapery hardware, blinds, shades 100-249 2.7-6.6% 2599 Furniture and fixtures, nec. 644 17.2% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: PRINTING AND PUBLISHING MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA r4 0-4 275 Commercial printing 2,574 36.5% 4,987 52.3% •' 2751 Commercial printing -letter press 1,285 18.2% 1,589 16.7% 0 2752 Commercial printing -lithographic 1,148 16.3% 3,220 33.8% 2753 Engraving and plate printing 20-99 0.3-1.4% 60 0.6% 276 Manifold buisness forms 135 1.9% 60 0.6% 278 Blankbooks and bookbinding 250-499 3.5-7.1% 175 1.8% 2782 Blankbooks and looseleaf binders 259 3.7% 60 0.6% 2789 Bookbinding and related work 100-249 1.4-3.5% 60 0.6% 279 Printing trade services 448 6.4% 315 3.3% 2791 Typesetting 275 3.9% 167 1.8% 2793 Photoengraving 100-249 1.4-3.5% 83 0.9% 2795 Lithograph platemaking services 65 0.7% Number % of Total Number % of Total 27 Printing and publishing 7,053 100.0% 9,540 100.0% 271 Newspapers 2,500-4,999 35.4-70.9% 2,045 21.4% 272 Periodicals 164 2.3% 157 1.6%. 273 Books 303 4.3% 415 4.4% 2731 Book publishing 82 1.2% 290 3.0% 2732 Book printing 220 3.1% 125 1.3% 274 Misc. publishing 354 5.0% 316 3.3% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CIIARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: PRINTING AND PUBLISHING MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name 27 Printing and publishing 271 Newspapers 272 Periodicals -197 2.3-3.8% 273 Books 303 4.3% 118-197 Book publishing 82 1.2% 57 1.1% 20-99 .% 2732 Book printing 220 3.1% Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % o f= 7,053 100.0% 5150 100.0% 2,500-4,999 35.4-70.9% 2000-4988 38.8-96.8% 164 2.3% `" 274 disc. publishing 354 5.0% - c� 275 2,574 36.5% 1454 28.2% 1 Commercial printing c 2751 Commercial printing -letter press 1,285 18.2% 688-937 13.4-18.2% 2752 Commercial printing -lithographic 1,148 16.3% 536-685 10.4-13.3% 2753 Engraving and plate printing 20-99 0.3-1.4% 276 Manifold buisness forms 135 1.9% 100-249 1.9-4.8% 278 Blankbooks and bookbinding 250-499 3.5-7.1% 20-99 •4-1.9% 27R2 Blankbooks and looseleaf binders 259 3.7% 20-99 •4-19% 443 6.4% 102 2.0% 2789 Bookbinding and related work 100-249 1.4-3.5% - 279 Printing trade services 2793 Photoengraving 100-249 1.4_3.9%3.5% 20-99 .4-1.9% 2791 Typesetting 275 _ 2795 Lithograph platemaking services - Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTIC PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 30 Rubber and misc. plastic products 5,328 100.0% 2,422 100.0% 302 Rubber and plastic footwear 1,000-2,499 18.3-46.9% 306 Fabricated rubber products, nec. - 60 2.5% 307 Misc. plastic products 2,500-4,999 46.9-93.8% 2,287 94.5% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 1 1111111111111WM • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: RUBBER At1D MISCELLANEOUS PLASTIC PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name 30 ('uhber and misc. plastic products 302 Rubber and plastic footwear 306 Fabricated rubber products, nec. 307 Misc. plastic products Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 5,328 1,000-2,499 2,500-4,999 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 100.0% 1,125 100.0% 18.3-46.9% - 20-99 1.78-8.8% 46.9-93.8% 1,064 94.6% ii EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 31 Leather and leather products 3,133 100.0% 1,300 100.0% 311 Leather tanning and finishing - - 175 13.5% 314 Footwear, except rubber 1,659 53.0% 375 28.8% 3142 House slippers 227 7.2% 3143 Men's footwear, except athletic 20-99 .6-3.2 375 28.8% 3144 Women's footwear, except athletic 800 25.5 3149 Footwear, except rubber, nec. 500-999 16.0-31.9 - - E 316 Luggage 250-499 8-15.9 - - 1 317 Handbags and personal leather goods 1,000-2,499 31.9-79.8 550 42.3% ^v 3171 Women's handbags and purses 1,000-2,499 31.9-79.8 375 28.8% 3172 Personal leather goods, nec. - - 175 13.5% 319 Leather goods, nec. Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 60 4.6% 110 i • ' EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: LEATHER AND LEATHER PRODUCTS MIAIII SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976. SIC Name Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 31 Leather and leather products 3,133 100.0% 250-499 100.0% 311 Leather tanning and finishing - 314 Footwear, except rubber 1,659 53.0% 3142 (louse slippers 227 7.2% 3143 Men's footwear, except athletic 20-99 .6-3.2 3144 Women's footwear, except athletic 800 25.5 3149 Footwear, except rubber, nec. 500-999 16.0-31.9 -1 316 Luggage 250-499 8-15.9 c� w 317 Handbags and personal leather goods 1,000-2,499 31.9-79.8 3171 Wornen's handbags and purses 1,000-2,499 31.9-79.8 3172 Personal leather goods, nec. 319 Leather goods, nec. Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 250-499 50-100% 250-499 50-100% EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Number % of Total Number % Qf Total 34 Fabricated metal products 5,441 100.0% 5,654 100.0% 341 Metal cans and shipping containers 103 1.9% 443 -7.8% 3411 Metal Cans - - 435 7.7% 3412 Metal barrels, drums, pails 20-99 0.4-1.8% - 342 Cutlery, handtools, hardware 250-499 4.6-9.2% 60 1.1% 3429 Hardware nec. 250-499 4.6-9.2% 60 1.1% 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 20-99 0.4-1.8% 175 3.1% 3432 Plumbing fittings and brass goods 20-99 0.4-1.8% - - ;l 3433 Heating equipment, except electric - - 175 3.1% v " 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3,429 63.0% 3,345 59.2% 3441 Fabricated structural metal 149 2.7% 484 8.6% 3442 Metal doors, sash and trim 2,254 41.4% 1,258 22.2% 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 110 2.0% 185 3.3% 3444 Sheet metal work 409 7.5% 888 15.7% 3446 Architectural metal work 427 7.8% 142 2.5% 3449 Misc. metalwork - - 195 3.4% 345 Screw machine products, bolts, etc. 171 3.1% 60 3451 Screw machine products 100-249 1.8-4.6% 60 3452 Bolts, nuts, rivets, washers 20-99 0.4-1.8% 346 Metal forgings and stampings 160 2.9% 60 3463 Non-ferrous forging - - 60 3469 Metal stampings, nec. 100-249 1.8-4.6% 347 Metal services, nec. 3471 Plating and polishing 3479 Metal coating, allied services 457 8.4% 384 395 7.3% 213 62 1.1% 171 ':ont"-ld . 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 6.8% 3.8% 3.0% I IIIII II I I!IIIAIMEIVIIII1IlI!1uI1II11I cn i 1 . r • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Continued) FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA SIC Name Number % o_ l Number % of Total 348 Ordinance and accessories 74 1•.4 -- 3484 Small arms 74 1.4 % .5 .0 536 9 349 Misc. fabricated metal products 546 10.0 64 .% 3494 Valves and pipe fittings 20-99-0.4-1.8% 3495 Wire springs .1 3496 Misc. fabricated wire products 58 .11.8% 175 3.1% 3498 Fabricated pipes and fittings 20-99 175 3.% 3499 Fabricated metal products nec. 382 7.0 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC " Name Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Number % of Total Number % of Total 31 Fabricated metal products 5,441 100.0% 5,708-5,857 100.0% 341 Metal cans and shipping containers 103 1.9% 1,329-1,478 23.0-26.5% 3411 Metal Cans - - 1,329-1,478 23.0-26.5% 3412 Metal barrels, drums, pails 20-99 0.4-1.8% - 342 Cutlery, handtools, hardware 250-499 4.6-9.2% 59 - 1.0% 3429 Hardware nec. 250-499 4.6-9.2% - .., 343 Plumbing and heating, except electric 20-99 0.4-1.8% - - 3432 Plumbing fittings and brass goods 20-99 0.4-1.8% - - c, 3433 Heating equipment, except electric - °i 344 Fabricated structural metal products 3,429 63.0% 3477 60.1% 3441 Fabricated structural metal 149 2.7% 583 10.1% 3442 Metal doors, sash and trim 2,254 41.4% 100-249. 1.7-4.3% 3443 Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 110 2.0% 1100-2748 19-47.5% 3444 Sheet metal work 409 7.5% 790 13.7% 3446 Architectural metal work 427 7.8% - - 3449 Misc. metalwork - - 275-374 4.8-6.5% 345 Screw machine products, bolts, etc. 171 3.1% 136 2.4% 3451 Screw machine products 100-249 1.8-4.6% 100-249 1.7 4.3% 3452 Bolts, nuts, rivets, washers 20-99 0.4-1.8%. - - 346 Metal forgings and stampings 160 2.9% 20-99 .3-1.7% 3463 Non-ferrous forging 3469 Metal stampings, nec. 100-249 1.8-4.6% 20-99 .3-1.7% 347 Metal services, nec. 395337 5.8% 8.4% 7.3% 154 2 3471 Plating and polishing 3479 Metal coating, allied services 62 1.1% 114 20 7%% Continued ...(7) • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Continued) FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA. Number % of Total - Number % of Total 348 Ordinance and accessories 74 1.4 3484 Small arms 74 1.4 349 Misc. fabricated metal products 546 10.0 3494 Valves and pipe fittings - - 3495 Wire springs 20-99 0.4-1.8% 3496 Misc. fabricated wire products 58 1.1 3498 Fabricated pipes and fittings 20-99 .4-1.8% 3499 Fabricated metal products nec. 382 7.0 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 265 4.6% 100-249 1.7-4.3% SIC EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SIISA 1976 Name 36 Electric and electronic equipment 361 Electric distributing equipment 3613 Switchgear and switch -board apparatus 362 'Electrical industrial apparatus 3622 Industrial controls 364. Electric lighting and wiring equipment 3641 Electric lamps 3643 Current -carrying wiring devices 3644 Noncurrent carrying wiring devices 3645 Residential lighting fixtures 3646 Commercial lighting fixtures 365 Radio and TV receiving equipment 3651 Radio and TV receiving sets 3652 Phonograph records 366 Communication equipment 3661 Telephone, Telegraph apparatus 3662 Radio and TV communication equipment 367 Electronic components and accessories 3679 Electronic components, nec. 369 Misc. electrical equipment and supplies 3691 Storage batteries 3693 X-ray apparatus and tubes MIAMI SMSA Number % of Total 4,660 20-99 20-99 666 100-249 443 239 20-99 100-249 2,253 1,000-2,499 80 69 1,000-2,499 20-99 1,000-2,499 Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 100.0% 0.4-2.1% 0.4-2.1% 14.3 % 2.1-5.3% 9.5% 5.1% 0.4-2.1% 2.1-5.3% 48.3% 21.5-53.6% 1.7% 1.5% 21.5-53.6% .4-2.1% 21.5-53.6% Atlanta SMSA Number ' % of Total 7,439 1,941 1,454 375 375 2,257 375 60 235 1,500 180 175 1,695 60 813 791 100,. 0% 26.1% 19.5% 5.0% 5.0% 30.3% 5.0% 0.8% 3.2% 20.2% 2.4% 2.3% 22.8% 0.8% 10.9% 10.6% IIIIu!IIIIIl �. _. _ SIC Name EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 MIAMI SMSA Number % of Total 36 Electric and electronic equipment . 4,660 100.0% 361 Electric distributing equipment 20-99 3.4-2.1% 3612 Transformers -- 3613 Switchgear and switch -board apparatus 20-99 0.4-2.1% 362 Electrical industrial apparatus 3622 Industrial controls 364 Electric lighting and wiring equipment 666 14.3 % 3641 Electric lamps 100-249 2.1-5.3% 3643 Current -carrying wiring devices - 3644 Noncurrent carrying wiring devices '; 3645 Residential lighting fixtures 443 9.5% ;l 3646 Commercial lighting fixtures 365 Radio and TV receiving equipment 239 5.1% 3651 Radio and TV receiving sets 20-99 0.4-2.1% 3652 Phonograph records 100-249 2.1-5.3% 366 Communication equipment 3661 Telephone, Telegraph apparatus 3662 Radio and TV communication equipment 2,253 1,000-2,499 48.3% 21.5-53.6% Tampa SMSA Number % of Total 6240 100.0% 520-1098 8.3-17.6% 520-1098 8.3-17.6% 2750-5498 44.1-88.1% 20-99 .3-1.6% 2750- 5498 44.1-88.1% 367 Electronic components and accessories 80 1.7% 1000-2499 16-40% 3676 Electronic Resistors - - 250-499 4.0-8.0% 3677 Electronic coils and transformers - 20-99 .3-1.6% 3679 Electronic components, nec 69 1.5% 1000-2499 16-40% 369 Misc. electrical equipment and supplies 1,000-2,499 21.5-53.6% 457 7.3% 3691 Storage batteries 20-99 .4-2.1% 250-499 4-8% 3693 X-ray apparatus and tubes 1,000-2,499 21.5-53.6% 100-249 1.6-4% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA 38 381 382 384 3841 3842 3843 385 386 387 Number % of Total Number % of Total Instruments and related products 3,967 100.0% 772 100.0% Engineering and scientific instruments 60 7.8% Pleasuring and controlling devices 60 7.8% Medical instruments and supplies 1,000-2,499 25.2-63.0% 437 56.6% Surgical and medical instruments 1,000-2,499 25.2-63.0% 175 22.7% Surgical appliances and supplies 275 . 6.9% 120 15.5% Dental equipment and supplies 60 7.8% Opthalmic goods 571 14.4% 60 7.8% Photographic equipment and supplies 500-999 12.6-25.2% 67 8.7% Watches, clocks and watch cases 20-99 0.5- 2.5% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates 111 11111111 SIC Name EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS "DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: IPISTRUMENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS MIAMI SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Number % of Total 38 Instruments and related products 3,967 100.0% 331 Enggineering and scientific instruments 382 Measuring and controlling devices 384 Medical instruments and supplies 1,000-2,499 25.2-63.0% 3841 Surgical and medical instruments 1,000-2,499 25.2-63.0% 3842 Surgical appliances and supplies 275 6.9% 3843 Dental equipment and supplies 385 Opthalnic goods cl °D 386 Photographic equipment and supplies 387 Watches, clocks and watch cases 571 14.4% 500-999 12.6-25.2% 20-99 0.5- 2.5% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates Tampa SMSA Number % of Total 1,243-1,742 100.0% 100-249 6.7-16.7% 524 35.1% 250-499 16.7-33.4% 100-249 6.7-16.7% 500-999 33.5-66.9% SIC Name 42 Trucking and Warehousing 421 Truck, Local and Long Distance 422 Public Warehousing 4221 Farm Product Warehousing and Storage 4222 Refrigerated Warehousing 4225 General Warehousing and Storage 4226 Special Warehousing and Storage 423 Trucking Terminal Facilities EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: TRANSPORTATION: SELECTED CATEGORIES MIAMI SMSA, NEW ORLEANS SMSA, AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Percent Number of Total 4,873 4,187 541 300 201 143 100.0% 85.9% 11.1% 6.2% 4.1% 2.9% New Orleans SMSA Atlanta SMSA Percent Number of Total Number 6,259 5,484 807 100-249 202 20-99 100-249 100.0% 87.6% 12.9% 1.6%-4.0% 3.2% 0.3%-1.6% 1.6%-4.0% 17,896 6,437 1,100 60 671 1,875 Percent of Total 100.0% 36.0% 6.1% 0.3% 3.7% 10.5% Tampa SMSA Percent Number of Total 4,223 3,729 388 - 140 213 70 100.0% 88.3% 9.2% 3.3% 5.0% 1.7% 44 441 442 4421 4422 4423 N 444 445 446 4463 4469 Water Transportation Deep Sea Foreign Transportation Deep Sea Domestic Transportation Noncontiguous Area Transportation Coastwise Transportation Intercoastal Transportation Transportation on Rivers and Canals Local Water Transportation Water Transportation Services Marine Cargo Handling Water Transportation Services 2,975 379 233 100-249 140 2,217 1,987 230 100.0% 12.7% 7.8% 3.9%-9.4% 4.7% 74.5% 66.8% 7.7% 16,585 3,810 630 20-29 500-999 1,553 2,897 8,656 7,299 1,483 100.0% 111 23.0% -- 3.8% 0.1%-0.6% 3.0%-6.0% 9.4% 17.5% 52.2% 44.0% 8.9% 100.0% 1.465 34.7% 20-99 0.5%-2.3% 20-- 99 0.5%-2.3% 100-243 2.4%-5.9% 221. 5.2% 1,001-1,150 23.7127.21 835 19.8% 166-315 3.9%-7.5% II SIC • • Name 45 Transportation -by Air 451 Air Transportation 458 Air Transportation Services Percent Number of Total 24,724 23,357 1,363 100.01 94.51 5.51 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (cont'd) TRANSPORTATION: SELECTED CATEGORIES MIAMI SMSA, NEW ORLEANS SMSA, AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA New Orleans SMSA Percent Number of Total Number Atlanta SMSA 2,284 2,073 124 100.01 90.81 5.41 19,350 19,256 86 Percent of Total 100.01 99.51 0.41 Tampa SMSA Percent Number of Total 1,601 37.91 1,000-2.499 23.71-59.21 100-249 2.41-5.91 47 Transportation Services 471 Freight Forwarding 472 Arrangement of Transportation 4722 Passenger Transportation Arrangement 4723 Freight Transportation Arrangement 478 Miscellaneous Transportation Services 4782 Inspection and Weighing Services Total Employment 42 Trucking and Warehousing as a Percent of Total Employment 44 Water Transportation as a Percent of Total Employment 45 Transportation by Air as a Percent of Total Employment 47 Transportation Services as a Percent of Total Employment 3,614 1,141 2.348 1,141 1,197 96 513,732 Source: County Business Patterns. 1976; Gladstone Associates 100.01 31.61 65.01 31.81 33.11 2.71 0.91 0.61 4.81 0.71 2,590 382 1.682 722 938 425 65 100.01 14.71 64.91 27.91 36.21 16.41 2.51 828 405 230 209 134 352.974 649.169 1.81 4.71 0.61 0.71 100.01 48.91 27.81 25.21 16.21 2.81 3.01 0.11 896 21.21 20-99 0.51-2.31 764-1.013 18.11-24.01 538-787 12.71-18.61 226 5.41 358.045 1.21 0.41 0.41 0.31 SIC Name EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE MIAMI SMSA AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1976 Finance, Insurance, Real Estate 60 Banking 601 Federal Reserve Banks 602 Commerical and stock savings banks 605 Functions closely related to banking 61 Credit agencies other than banks 612 Savings and loan associations 614 Personal credit institutions 615 Business credit institutions 616 Mortgage bankers and brokers 62 Security, commodity brokers and services 621 Security brokers and dealers 628 Security and commodity services 63 Insurance carriers 631 Life insurance 632 Medical service and health insurance 6321 Accident and health insurance 6324 Hospital and medical service plans 633 Fire, marine, casualty insurance 635 Surety insurance 636 Title insurance 637 Pension, health, welfare funds 639 Insurance carriers, nec. 64 Insurance agents, brokers and service Miami SMSA Number % of Major Category 49,083 --- 9,254 100.0% 250-499 2.7-5.4% 8,340 90.1% 356 3.8% 6,248 100.0% 2,893 45.4% 1,329 21.3% 500-999 8.0-16.0% 1,207 19.3% 1,364 100.0% 1,253 91.9% 100-249 7.3-18.3% 6,171 100.0% 3,067 49.7% 200 3.2% 100-249 1.6-4.0% 20-99 0.3-1.6% 645 10.5% 20-99 .3-1.6% 646 10.5% 1,347 21.8% 100-249 1.6-4.0% 3,769 100.0% % Finance Number Insurance Real Estate 100.0% 27,848 18.9% 4,876 783 4,093 12.7% 2,873 446 1,100 150 1,166 2.8% 518 545 12.6% 7.7% 12,563 7,010 3,525 2,500-4,999 1,750 103 150 Jacksonville SMSA % of Major % Finance Category Insurance Real Estate 100.0% 17.5% 100.0% 16.1% 83.9% 100.0% 15.5% 38.3% 5.2% 40.6% 10.3% 100;0% 2.1% 93.8% 100.0% 45.1% 55.8% 28.1% 19.9-39.8% 13.9% 0.8% 1.4% 100.0% 5.9% (Continued . . ) wino' i II IlI�lgilil!!IA!!�! !!Jl44�! SIC 60 601 602 605 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: FINANCE: BANKING AND OTHER CREDIT AGENCIES MIAMI SMSA, ATLANTA SMSA, AND NEW ORLEANS SMSA 1976 Name Banking Federal Reserve Banks Commercial and Stock Savings Banks Functions Closely Related to Banking Miami SMSA Percent Number of Total 9,254 250-499 100.0% 2.7%-5.4% 8,340 90.1% 356 3.8% Atlanta SMSA Number 12;865-13,102 750-1,498 7,811-12,204 20-99 Percent of Total 100.0% 5.8%-11.5% New Orleans SMSA Number 6,016 250-499 60.2%-94.0% 5,287-5,746 0.2%-0.8% 20-99 Percent of Total 100.0% 4.2%-8.3% 87.9%-95.5% 0.3%-1.6% 61 Credit Agencies Other than Banks 6,248 611 Rediscount and Financing Institutions 6112 Rediscounting, not for Agriculture 612 Savings and Loan Associations 2,893 613 Agricultural Credit Institutions -- 614 Personal Credit Institutions 1,329 615 Business Credit Institutions 500-999 616 Mortgage Bankers and Brokers 1,207 Total Employment 60 Banking as a Percent of Total Employment 61 Credit Agencies Other than Banks as a Percent of Total Employment 513,732 100.0% 45.4% 21.3% 8.0%-16.0% 19.3% 1.8% 1.2% Source: County Business Patterns, 1976; Gladstone Associates 7,332 20-99 20-99 1,463_1,612 3,592 551-800 1,329 649,169 100.0% 0.3%-1.4% 0.3%-1.4% 20.0%_22.0% 49.0% 7.5%-10.9% 18.1% 2.0% 3,681 920-1,069 170 1,936 52 450 352,974 100.0% 25.0%-29.0% 4.6% 52.6% 1.4% 12.2% 1.7% 1.0% F4 03 rn EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: (Continued) FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE MIAMI SMSA AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1976 SIC: Name Miami SF1SA Number % of Major % Financial Category Insurance Real Estate 65 Real estate 17,545 100.0% 35.7% 651 Real estate operators and lessors 8,102 46.2% 653 Real estate agents and managers 4,031 23.0% 654 Title abstract offices: 414 2.4% 655 Subdividers and developers 4,672 26.6% 6552 Subdividers and developers, nec. 4,118 23.5% 6553 Cemetery subdividers and developers 361 2.1% 67 Holding and other investment offices 671 Holding offices 672 Investment offices 673 Trusts 6732 Educational, religious, etc, trusts 6733 Trusts, nec. 679 Miscellaneous investing 6794 Patent owners and lessors 6799 Investors, nec. Administrative and auxiliary 3,108 100.0% 2,295 73.8% 143 4.6% 404 13.0% 87 2.8% 316 10.2% 253 8.1% 119 3.8% 134 4.3% 1,537 100.0% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. 6.3% 3.2% Jacksonville SMSA Number % of Major Category 4,015 2,200 1,325 50 441 316 125 100.0% 54.8% 33.0% 1.2% 11.0% 7.9% 3.1% 1,311 100.0% 607 46.3% 550 42.0% 546 99 7.6% 20-99 20.2-100.0% % Finance Insurance Real Estate 14.4% 4.7% II SIC • EMPLOYMENT tIIARACTERISTICS FOR TWO -DIGIT SIC SERVICES AND MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORIES MIAMI SMSA AND ORLANDO SMSA 1976 Name 70 Hotels and other lodging places 72 Personal services 73 Business services 75 Auto repair, services & garages 76 Miscellaneous repair services 78 Motion pictures 79 Amusement & recreation services 80 Health services 81 Lenal services 82 Educational services 83 Social services 84 Museums, botanical, zoological gardens 86 Membership organizations 89 Miscellaneous services Administrative and Auxiliary Nonclassifiable Total Services Miami SMSA Number 24,057 8,903 21,903 5,564 2,739 1,000-2,499 6,477 34,365 6,001 12,449 3,366 20-99 7,900 6,082 1,000-2,499 1,082 143,054 11 County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. % of Total 16.8 6.2 15.3 3.9 1.9 0.7-1.7 4.5 24.4 4.2 8.7 2.4 5.5 4.3 0.7-1.7 0.8 100.0% Orlando SMSA Number 10,305 2,769 5,851 1,911 949 265-344 11,162 11,880 1,627 1,747 1,633 0 3,057 1,571 100-249 290-697 55,196 % of Total 18.7 5.0 10.6 3.5 1.7 0.5-0.6 20.2 21.5 2.9 3.2 3.0 0 5.5 2.8 0.2-0.5 0.5-1.3 100.0% EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: HOTELS AND OTHER LODGING PLACES MIAMI SMSA AND ORLANDO SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Orlando SMSA Percent Percent SIC Name Number of Total Number of Total 70 Hotels -and Other Lodging Places 24,057 100.0% 10,305 100.0% 701 Hotels, Motels, and Tourist Courts 23,800 98.9% 10,058 97.6% '1 702 Rooming and Boarding Houses 100-249 0.4%-1.0% cl 0 703 Camps and Trailer Parks 114 0.5% 135 1.3% 7033 Trailer Parks for Transients 90 0.4% 100-249 1.0%-2.4% Total Employment 513,732 176,762 70 Hotels and Other Lodging Places as a 4.7% 5.8% Percent of Total Employment Source: County Business Patterns, 1976; Gladstone Associates. • SIC • EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: BUSINESS SERVICES MIAMI SMSA, ATLANTA SMSA AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Atlanta Name Number 73 Business Services 731 Advertising 7311 Advertising Agencies 7312 Outdoor Advertising Services 7313 Radio-T.V., Publisher Representatives 7319 Advertising 732 Credit Reporting and Collection 733 Mailing, Reproduction, Stenographic 7331 Direct Mail Advertising Service 7332 Blueprinting and Photocopying 7333 Commercial Photography and Art 7339 Stenographic and Reproduction 734 Services to Buildings 7342 Disinfecting and Exterminating 7349 Building Maintenance Services, nec. 735 New Syndicates 736 Personnel Supply Services 7361 Employment Agencies 7362 Temporary Help Supply Services 7369 Personnel Supply Services 21,903 926 619 191 Percent of Total Number 100.0% 36,561 4.2% 1,336 2.8% 1,022 0.9% 20-99 55 0.3% 152 61 0.3% 667 3.0% 982 904 4.1% 987 157 0.7% 159 103 0.5% 145 292 1.3% 306 352 1.6% 294 3,356 15.3% 6,972 1,077 4.9% 716-1,364 2,235 10.2% 5,674-5,753 81 0.4% 112 3,610 539 2,837 234 16.5% 3,556 2.5% 445-773 13.0% 2,868-2,947 1.1% SMSA Percent of Total 100.0% 3.7% 2.8% 0.1%-0.3% 0.4% 2.7% 2.7% 0.4% 0.4% 0.8% 0.8% 19.1% 2.0%-3.7% 15.5%-15.7% 0.3% 9.7% 1,2%-2.1% 7.8%-8.1% Jacksonvil Number 9,842 253 168 20-99 252 100-249 54 1,913 367 1,539 2,873-3,022 100-249 2,386 200-498 le SMSA Percent of Total 100.0% 2.6% 1.7% 0.2%-1.0% 2.6% 1.0%-2.5% 0.5% 19.4% 3.7% 15.6% 29.2%-30.7% 1.0%-2.5% 24.2% 2.0%-5.1% SIC .Name EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: BUSINESS SERVICES MIAMI SMSA, ATLANTA SMSA, AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1976 737 Computer and Data Processing Services 7372 Computer Software and Programming 7374 Data Processing Services, nec. 7379 Computer Related Services 739 Miscellaneous Business Services 7391 Research and Development Laboratories 7392 Management and Public Relations 7393 Detective and Protective Services 7394 Equipment Rental and Leasing 7395 Photofinishing Laboratories 7397 Commercial Testing Laboratories 7399 Business Services Total Employment 73 Business Services as a Percent of Total Employment Miami SMSA Number Atlanta SMSA (cont'd) Percent of Total Number 903 4.1% 2,272-2,351 97 0.4% 760 3.5% 11,334 20-99 1,871 5,245 1,045 344 196 2,536 513,732 421-670 1,528-1,607 100-249 1.2%-l.8% 4.2%-4.4% 0.3%-0.7% Percent of Total Jacksonville SMSA Percent Number of Total 6.2%-6.4% 976 9.9% 100-249 1.0%-2.5% 820 8.3% 51.7% 19,762 54.1% 3,316-3,465 33.7%-35.2% 0.1%-0.5% 8.5% 23.9% 4.8% 1.6% 0.9% 11.6% 4.3% Source: County Business Patterns, 1976; Gladstone Associates 118 4,751 8,666-8,815 729 993 3,985-4,134 649,169 0.3% 13.0% 23.7%-24.1% 2.0% 2.7% 10.9%-11.3% 5.6% 299 3.0% 1,752 17.8% 270 2.7% 64 0.7% 80 0.8% 850-999 8.6%-10.2% 207,437 4.7% 11IIIIIIAIII!I!U IIIMI A 1 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES MIAMI SMSA AND ORLANDO SMSA 1976 SIC Name 79 791 792 7922 7929 793 7933 794- �, 7941 7948 `' 799 7992 7993 7996 7997 7999 Amusement and Recreation Services Dance Halls, Studios, and Schools Producers, Orchestras, Entertainers Theatrical Producers and Services Entertainers and Entertainment Groups Bowling and Building Establishments - Bowling Alleys Commercial Sports Sports Clubs and Promoters Racing, Including Track Operations Miscellaneous Amusement, Recreational Services Public Golf Courses Coin -operated Amusement Devices Amusement Parks Membership Sports and Recreation Clubs Amusement and Recreation, Ne. Total Employment 79 Amusement and Recreation as a Percent of Total Employment Miami SMSA Number 6,477 148 566 207 359 551 502 2,588 500-999 1,000-2,499 2,557 Percent of Total 100.0% 2.3% 8.7% 3.2% 5.5% 8.5% 7.8% 40.0% 7.7-15.4% 15.4-38.6% 39.5% 100-249 1.5-3.8% 165 2.5% 1,315 20.3% 759 11.7% 513,732 Source: County Business Patterns, 197f; Gladstone Associates 1.3% Orlando SMSA Number 11,162 20-99 213 185 170-249 120-348 883-1,382 600-1,248 336-585 5,135-10,184 56 62 5,000-9,999 463-542 728 176,762 Percent of Total 100.0% 0.2-0.9% 1.9% Tampa SMSA Percent Number of Total 5,327 150 2.8% 178 3.3% 1.7% 100-249 1.9-4.7% 1.5-2.2% 694 13.0% 1.1-3.1% 608-687 11.4-12.9% 7.9-12.4% 1,618 30.4% 5.4-11.2% 480-559 9.0-10.5% 3.0-5.2% 660-1,159 12.4-21.3% 46.5-91.2% 2,587 48.6% 0.5% 0.6% 44.8-89.6% 4.1-4.9% 6.5% 6.3% 211 4.0% 1,242 23.3% 1,029 358,045 19.3% 1.5% EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: EDUCATIONAL SERVICES MIAMI SMSA, ATLANTA SMSA AND NEW ORLEANS SMSA 1976 SIC Name 82 Educational Services 821 Elementary And Secondary Schools 822 College And Universities 823 Libraries And Information Centers 824 8241 829 Correspondence And Vocational Schools Correspondence Schools Schools And Educational Services, nec. .Total Employment Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA Percent Number of Total 10,885 100.0% Number 12,449 2,500-4,999 5,000-9,999 82 Educational Services As A Percentage Of Total Employment 290 127 559 513,732 Percent of Total 100.0% New Orleans SMSA Percent Number of Total 10,120 100.0% 20.1-40.2% 2,586-3,483 23.8-32.0% 3,677-3,826 36.3-37.8% 40.2-80.3% 4,708-7,356 70 2.3% 325 1.0% 4.5% 2.4% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. 43.3-67.6% 5,171 0.6% 3.0% 696 6.4% 649,169 1.7% 51.1% 152-301 1.5-3.0% 884 352,974 8.7% 2.9% EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: HEALTH SERVICES MIAMI SMSA, ATLANTA SMSA, NEW ORLEANS SMSA AND TAMPA SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Atlanta SMSA New Orleans SMSA Tampa SISA Percent Percent Percent Percent SIC Name Number of Total Number of Total Number of Total Number of Total 80 Health Services 34,865 100.0% 25,335 100.0% 18,884 100.0% 29,04-3,: 100.0% .801 Offices Of Physicians 6,560 18.8% 5.305 20.9% 3,837 20.3% 4,117 14,2% 802 Offices -Of Dentists' 2,073 5.9x 2,427 9.6% 980 5.2% 1.730 6.0% 803 Office 0f Osteopathic 207 0.6% 66 0.3% -- 358 1.2% 'Physicians 804 Office Of Other Health 681 2.0% ' 485 1.9% 88-167 0.5-0.9% 438 1.5% Practitioners 8041 Offices Of -Chiropractors .112 0.3% -- :147 075% -• N 8042 Off.ices.Of Optometrists- 191 0.5% 66 0.3% 53 0.3% 113 0.4% 8049 Offices Of Health 378 1.1% 320 1.3% 178 076% Practitioners, nec. .. ... 805 Nursing And Personal 3,234 9.3% 3,414-4,019- 13.5-15.9% 1,505-1,904 8.0-10.1% 5,195. 17.9%. Care Facilities 806 Hospitals ` 19,341 55.5% 11,000-11.079 43.4-43.71 10,392-10.641 55.0-56.31 14,078-14,577 48.5-50.21 807 Medical And Dental 824 2.4% 1.042 4.1% 429 2.3% 924 3,2% . Laboratories :. . • �., . 8071 Medical Laboratories 539 1.5% 455-704 1.8-2.8% 223 1.2% 649-1,148 2.2-4.0% 8072 Dental Laboratories 285 0.8% 489-638 1.9-2.5% 206 1.1% 206-355 0.7-1.12 808 .Outpat.iant Care Facilities 830 2.4% 314 1.2% 600 3.21 643-722 2.2-2.51 809 Health AhJ Allied Services, 949 2.7Z 117 0.5% 673 1..135 • nec. Total Employment 513,752 649,169 ': 352,974 358,045 80 Health Services As A. Percentage of Total tmpinyiu nt 6.8% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; :=.dstone Associates.- 1 3.9% 3.9Z- 5.3% 8.1% 410* II IIII1 11I11111l0 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES MIAMI SMSA, JACKSONVILLE SMSA AND ATLANTA SMSA 1976 SIC Name 89 Miscellaneous Services 891 Engineering And Architectural Services 892 Noncommercial Research Organizations 893 Accounting, Auditing And Bookkeeping 899 Services necessary Total Employment 89 Miscellaneous Services As A Percentage of Total Employment Miami SMSA Percent Number of Total 6,082 2,696 379 6.2% 2,912 47.9% 87 1.4% 513,732 1.2% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. Jacksonville SMSA Percent Number of Total 100.0% 1,951 100.0% 44.3% 1,181 60.5% 53 2.7% 630 32.3% 207,437 0.9% Atlanta SMSA Percent Number of Total 8,446 100.0% 5,612 66.4% 206 2.4% 2,388 28.3% 167 2.0% 649,169 1.3% EMPLOYMENT MIAMI SIC Name 86 Membership Organizations 861 Business Organizations 862 Professional Organizations 863 Labor Organizations 864 Civic And Social Associations 866 Religious Organizations 869 Membership Organizations, nec. Total Employment 86 Membership Organizations As A Percent Of Total Employment CHARACTERISTICS BY DETAILED INDUSTRY SECTOR: SERVICES: MEMBERSHIP ORGANIZATIONS SMSA, ORLANDO SMSA AND JACKSONVILLE SMSA 1976 Miami SMSA Orlando SMSA Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total 7,900 100.0% 3,057 100.0% 345 4.4% 364 11.9% 158 2.0% 108 3.5% 1,086 13.7% 100-249 3.3-8.1% 2,183 27.6% 516 16.9% 3,104 39.3% 1,511 49.4% 979 12.4% 281 9.2% 513,732 176,762 1.5% 1.7% Source: County Business Patterns 1976; Gladstone Associates. Jacksonville SMSA Percent Number of Total 3,515 124 94 295 557 2,280 20-99 207,437 100.0% 3.5% 2.7% 8.4% 15.8% 64.9% 0.6-2.8% 13% IIIIII1II•111. 11.-..:. « :. A IV. INDUSTRY SECTOR RELATIONSHIPS A. Industry Sector Multipliers and Inter -Sector Relationships, 1972 INDUSTRY SECTOR MULTIPLIERS AND INTER -SECTOR RELATIONSHIPS In order to estimate the range of likely second -round effects for Miami of employment expansion in specific industry sectors, input -out analyses previously prepared by a variety of government agencies have been reviewed. These'provide indicators of potential multiplier, effects in related industries for each industry sector. Industry Sector Multipliers The most recent comprehensive input-output analysis for Southeast Florida was conducted by the United States Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis for a ten -county region in 1972. According to this analysis --Which measured induced as well as direct and indirect effects -- the highest multipliers are associated with the following industries: - services (3.203) - wholesale and retail trade (3.090) - leather and leather products manufacture (3.078) Other industries -- including construction; finance,insurance and real estate; transportation and utilities; and other manufacturing industries -- had multipliers ranging from .325 (finance, insurance and real estate) to 2.837 (construction). (see page IV-A-3) These measurements provide some indication of total benefits that may be derived from programs which may expand activities within any of these sectors. It must be noted, however, that actual multiplier effects will be reduced to the extent that support or linked activities are accommodated outside the city. These "leakages" from the system will vary from industry to industry depending on the flows among sectors associated with each, and may affect the multiplier size rankings indicated above. IV-A-1 Inter-Sectoral Relationships As noted, an understanding of specific inter-sectoral industry links is essential to an estimate of multiplier effects. Accordingly, national input-output analysis has been used to identify interrelated industries characterizing the Miami economic base. The results of this evaluation, presented below, show that related industries for many sectors are typically located outside the City, either in the region's surburban areas or outside South Florida. As a result, multiplier effects for Miami in each of the industries will be appreciably reduced. (See pages IV-A-4 through IV-A-20) IV-A-2 ESTIMATED GROSS OUTPUT MULTIPLIERS SELECTED PRODUCT GROUPS • PIIAMI REGTON21 1972 Product Group Gross Output Multiplier Direct Indirect Gross Effect Effect 3/ Output Construction Contractors .622 1.215 2.837 Apparel/Textile Products .563 1.096 2.659 Wooden Containers; Furniture and Fixtures .5C6 1.141 2.727 Printing and Publishing .621 1.212 2.833 Rubber and Plastic Products .506 .981 2.487 Leather and Leather Products .702 1.376 3.078 Electric Equipment and Supplies .544 1.059 2.603 Ordnance and Accessories, Instruments, and. Miscellaneous Manufacturing .522 1.014 2.536 Transportation, Communications and Utilities .522 1.013 2.535 Wholesale and Retail Trade .706 1.384 3.090 Finance, Insurance and Real Estate .452 .873 2.325 Services .744 1.459 3.203 3J Includes direct, indirect and induced effects and represents total gross output effects. 2/ Miami region includes Dade, Monroe, Droward, Plan Beach, Hendry, Glades, Martin, St. Lucie, Okeechobee, and Indian River Counties. 1 Includes induced (household sector) effects. Source: Regional Economic Analysis Division, Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. IV .A-3 RELATED INDUSTRIES1/ CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY '1972 New Construction Lumber and wood products except containers (.10287) Stone and clay products (.08448) Primary iron and steel manufacturing (.06879) Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing (.05904) Heating, plumbing and structural metal products (.08619) Other fabricated metal products (.03733) Transportation and Warehousing (.06581) Wholesale and Retail Trade (.10888) Real Estate and Rental (.03193) Business Services (.09544) Maintenance and Repair Construction Lumber and wood products, except containers (.03578) Paints and allied products (.03092) Petroleum refining and related industries (.04156) Stone and clay products (.03878) Primary iron and steel manufacturing (.03531) Transportation and warehousing (.05294) Wholesale and retail trade (.09603) Real estate and rental (.03001) Business services (.04347) 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Numbers in paratheses are total requirements coefficients. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-4 1 RELATED INDUSTRIESI/ F000 AND KINDRED'PRODUCTS MANUFACTURE 1972 Industry Livestock and livestock products Other agricultural products Wholesales and retail trade Business services Transportation and warehousing Real estate and rental Chemicals and selected chemical products Metal containers Paper and all containers Electric, gas services ied products, except , water and sanitary Paperboard containers and boxes Coefficient" .39046 .19597 .09477 .07034 . 06962 .05911 .03933 .03775 . 03479 . 03262 .03001 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-5 RELATED INDUSTRIES1/ APPAREL MANUFACTURE 1972 Industry Coefficient' Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and thread mills .40183 Plastics and synthetics materials .08995 Wholesale and retail trade .08626 Chemicals and selected chemical products .06612 Business services .06313 Transportation and warehousing .04879 Real estate and rental .04004 Electric, gas, water and sanitary services .03322 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-6 RELATED INDUSTRIES1/ HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE 1972 Industry Coefficient?" Lumber and wood products, except containers .20726 Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and thread mills .09879 Wholesale and retail trade .09041 Other fabricated metal products .07208 Transportation and warehousing .06756 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .06529 Business service$ .06377 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .04551 Real estate and rental .03790 Chemicals and selected chemical products .03717 Electric, gas, water and sanitary services .03148 Plastics and synthetic materials .03089 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. J Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-7 RELATED INDUSTRIES1' FOOTWEAR AND OTHER LEATHER PRODUCTS 1972 Industry Coefficient' Leather tanning and finishing .19278 Food and kindred products .11339 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products manufacture .08157 Wholesale and retail trade. .08014 Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and thread mills .07780 Business services .06972 Chemicals and selected chemical products .05827 Transportation and warehousing .05540. Miscellaneous textile goods and floor coverings .05528 Real estate and rental .04050 Livestock and livestock products .03601 Plastics and synthetic materials .03185 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Econgmic Analysis. 1 Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-8 RELATED INDUSTRIESI RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTICS PRODUCTS '1972 Industry Coefficient1 Plastics and synthetic materials .15748 Chemicals and selected chemical products .13296 Transportation and warehousing .07170 Business services .06733 Wholesale and retail trade .05511 Electric, gas, water and sanitary services .04479 Broad and narrow fabrics, yarn and thread mills .04313 Real estate and rental .03630 Miscellaneous textile goods and floor coverings .03559 Paper and allied products, except containers and boxes .03252 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-9 RELATED INDUSTRIESI PRINTING AND PUBLISHING 1972 Industry Coefficient- 2/ Paper and allied products except containers and boxes .20010 Business services .08475 Real estate and rental .07703 Transportation and warehousing .06521 Chemicals and selected chemical .03806 products 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1 Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-10 RELATED INDUSTRIES]] HEATING, PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS 1972 Industry Coefficients " Primary iron and steel manufacturing .31779 Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing .15666 Transportation and warehousing .07418 Wholesale and retail trade .07360 Business services .05652 Other fabricated metal products .04563 Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services .04409 Real estate and rental .04074 1/ A11 industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of. Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-11 RELATED INDUSTRIESL' ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND.APPARATUS 1972 Industry Coefficient Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing. .14623 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .11530 Business services .05839 Wholesale and retail trade .05578 Transportation and warehousing .04949 Real estate and rental .03602 Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services .03457 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. ?/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-12 RELATED INDUSTRIES) HEATING, PLUMBING AND STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS 1972 Industry Coefficients) Primary iron and steel manufacturing .31779 Primary nonferrous metals .15666 manufacturing Transportation and warehousing .07418 Wholesale and retail trade .07360 Business services .05652 Other fabricated metal products .04563 Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services .04409 Real estate and rental .04074 1/ A11 industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-11 RELATED INDUSTRIES' ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND'APPARATUS 1972 Industry Coefficientg/ Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing. .14623 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .11530 Business services .05839 Wholesale and retail trade .05578 Transportation and warehousing .04949 Real estate and rental .03602 Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services .03457 ' All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-12 RELATED INDUSTRIESI SCIENTIFIC AND CONTROLLING INSTRUMENTS 1972 Industry Coefficient Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing. .08869 Business services .07588 Wholesale and retail trade .05711 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .05620 Transportation and warehousing .04760 Real estate and rental .03395 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products .03192 Electronic components and accessories .03135 J All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-13 RELATED INDUSTRIES1' RADIO, TV. AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT 1972 1 Industry Coefficients 1 Electronic components and accessories .21880 Business services .07351 Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing .07215 Wholesale and retail trade .05404 Real estate and rental .03901 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .03803 Transportation and warehousing .03762 #04, 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1 Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-14 RELATED INDUSTRIESI OPTICAL, OPHTHALMIC; AND PHOTOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT ' 1972 Industry Coefficient) Business services .06885 Chemicals and selected chemical products .06395 Primary nonferrous metals manufacturing .06069 Wholesale and retail trade .04879 Paper and allied products, except containers and boxes .03748 Transportation and warehousing .03729 Primary iron and steel manufacturing .03448 Electronic compoi1ents and accessories .03113 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-15 RELATED INDUSTRIESI TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 1972 Industry Coefficient) Business services .06080 Petroleum refining and related industries .04755 Maintenance and repair construction .04667 Wholesale 'and retail trade .04237 Finance and insurance .03879 Real estate and rental .03675 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. g/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-16 RELATED INDUSTRIES1/ FINANCE AND INSURANCE '1972 Industry Coefficient) Business services .11606 Real estate and rental .05764 Communications, except radio and TV .03332 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 1 Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-17 RELATED INDUSTRIES1' HOTELS; PERSONAL AND REPAIR SERVICES, EXCEPT AUTO 1972 Industry Coefficient) Real estate and rental .09467 Business services .08275 Wholesale and retail trade .04310 Electric, gas, water and sanitary services .03767 Finance and insurance .03109 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2/ Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-18 RELATED INDUSTRIES) BUSINESS SERVICES 1972 Industry Coefficient Real estate and rental — Paper and allied products, except containers and boxes Transportation and warehousing .06590 .04018 .03893 1 All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-19 RELATED INDUSTRIES PIEDICAL, EDUCATIONAL SERVICES AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS " 1972 Industry Coefficient. Real estate and rental Business services Electric, gas, water, and sanitary services .07755 .06406 .03353 1/ All industries with total requirements coefficients of .03 or more, based on input/output analysis conducted by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Total requirements coefficient. Source: Survey of Current Business, February 1979. IV-A-20 • B. Income Effects • INCOME EFFECTS As one indicator of increased economic activity associated with specific industries, average payroll per employee statistics have been compiled for the County. The composition of the Dade County income base as between employees and self employed proprietors has also been analyzed. In general, these analyses indicate that many potential growth industries in Miami are associated with high income effects. Payroll Per Employee, Dade County 1. The highest employee payroll levels are noted for the following major industry groups; transportation and public utilities; wholesale trade; services; and public administration (page IV-B-3). Significant shares of these sectors are found in the City, and steps should be taken to nurture and expand these activities where possible. 2. Within two digit SIC categories, the highest payroll per employee sectors are: Manufacturing: (pages IV-B-4 and IV-B-5):petroleum and coal products; chemical and allied products; food and • kindred products; stone clay and glass products; and non -electrical machinery. Of these, only printing and publishing, and food and kindred products are major city industries. Transportation:(page IV-B-6) Transportation is by far the highest paying sub -category, with an average per employee payroll of over $21,000. Much of this employment is in Dade County, outside city limits. Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (page IV-B-7): Security and commodity brokers and services, with an average payroll of $25,000, represents the highest sub -sector within this category and many of these activates are in Miami. However, this is a relatively small employment category compared to others in this sector. Investment offices are also a high payroll category, as are insurance carriers and insurance agents. Many of these other activities are currently in Miami and the potential for increasing city activities in this respect appears substantial. IV-B-1 Services (pages IV-B-8 and IV-B-9): Legal services are by far the highest payroll group in this sector, with an average per employee payroll of $20,600. The legal services sub -category represent a major growing industry in the city. Composition of Labor and Proprietors Income, Dade County With respect to total contribution to net income, the most important sectors are services, with 23.6 percent; government, with 15.1 percent; and transportation adn public utilities, with 14.9 percent of the total, respectively. (Page IV-B-10) Their importance is reflected in a combination of both high paying job opportunities and appreciable numbers of people employed. All three of these sectors are located in Miami at present, with services and government representing major in -City functions. Finally, transfer payments also play a significant role in the Dade County economy (as shown by the Derivation of Personal Income by Place of Resident materials on page IV-B-11). Transfer payments accounted for $1.6 million, or 14 percent of total county resident income in 1977. While data of this type are not available for Miami, transfer payments are like as significant in the City as in the County. IV-B-2 mm COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL1/ FOR MAJOR EMPLOYMEIIT CATAGORIES DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll SIC Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 Private Establishments 01-14 Agriculture, Forestry, 10,058 $ 29,453,098 $ 5,857 Fishing and Mining 27,025 $172,905,023 $12,796 15-17 Construction ,064 241 $1 14,0 20-39 Manufacturing 96,204 $454,1$1,164 40-49 Transportation and 58,877 $505,212,924 Public Utilities 45,287 $317,606,958 $14,026 50-51 Wholesale Trade 118,621 $471,497,82g $ 7,950 � 52-59 Retail Trade 0o 60-67 Finance, Insurance and 48,628 $286,695,572 $11,791 L.) Real Estate 147,247 $777,121,126 $10,555 70_89 Services Government Establishments 60-67 Finance, Insurance and 48 $ 101,24P $ 8,437 Real Estate 58,630 $397,620,398 $13,564 70-89 Services 91-97 Public Administration 41,648 $272,829,307 $13,102 Foreign Ownership 45 Transportation by Air 839 $ 6,782,551 $16,168. 11 Employment and wages paid under the Florida Unemployment Compensation Law. 21 First Quarter only. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. 1 11111111111111111111111111111111111 COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL1/ FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: MANUFACTURING DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment, Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll SIC Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 20 Food and Kindred Products 21 Tobacco Manufactures 22 Textile Mill Products 23 Apparel and Other Textile Products 24 Lumber and Wood Products 25 Furniture and Fixtures 26 Paper and Allied Products 27 Printing and Publishing 28 Chemical and Allied Products 29 Petroleum and Coal Products 30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics 31 Leather and Leather Products 6,592 $ 39,647,939 211 $ 633,629 3,029 $ 14,192,623 22,783 $ 82,705,434 $12,029 $ 6,005 $ 9,371 $ 7,260 2,474 $ 11,789,955 $ 9,531 4,013 $ 19,661,386 $ 9,799 1,770 $ 10,700,902 $12,091 8,852 $ 55,970,893 $12,646 3,439 $ 22,590,526 $13,138 240 $ 2,1.57,748 $17,981 7,225 $ 30,244,604 $ 8,372 2,780 $ 9,957,059 $ 7,163 (Continued . COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL1/ (Continued) FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: MANUFACTURING 1978 Employment, Payroll, First and Estimate dlTotal P1ayroll SIC Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per 32 Stone, Clay and Glass 3,417 $ 23,596,271 $13,811 Products 33 Primary Metal Industries 842 $ 4,925,397 $11,699 34 Fabricated Metal Products 8,168 $ 42,823,339 110,486 _ ` 00 35 Machinery, except 3,787 $ 24,235,396 $12,799 v+ Electrical 36 Electric and Electronic 6,461 $ 35,268,114 $10,917 Equipment 37 Transportation Equipment 3,807 $ 22,520, 801 $11,831 38 Instruments and Related 3,454 $ 17,317,677 $10,028 Products 39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing 2,860 $ 13,174,552 $ 9,213 Industries 1/ Employment and Wages paid under the Florida Unemployment Compensation Law. Source: Florida Department of Labor. and Employment Security,Division of Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. 111 111111111111111 COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL-1/ FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: TRANSPORTATION DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment, _ Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll SIC - Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 41 Local and Inter -urban 1,421 - $ 8,166,716 $11,494 Passenger Transit „ 42 Trucking and Warehousing 6,653 $ 44,347,047 $13,331 °D 44 Water Transportation 5,373 $ 20,743,522 $ 7.721 Oh 45 Transportation by Air 25,539 $269,977,781 $21,142 47 Transportation Services 4,030 $ 22,571,866 $11,202 1/ Employment and wages paid under the Florida Unemployment Compensation Law. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL1/ FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: FINANCE, INSURANCE AND REAL ESTATE DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment, Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 SIC Name March 1978 -- 60 Banking 10,756 $54,100,984 $10,060 61 Credit Agencies 7,124 $41,458,239 $11,639 Other than Banks .• 1 62 Security, Commodity Brokers 1,273 $16,066,666 $25,242 1 and Services 63 Insurance Carriers 5,814 $40,510,104 $13,935 64 Insurance Agents, Brokers 4,453 $29,874,636 $13,418 and Services 65 Real Estate 17,436 $90,412,383 $10,371 66 Combined Real Estate, 13 $ 78,012 $12,002 Insurance, Etc. 67 Holding and Other Investment 1,759 $14,153,422 $16,093 Offices 1/ Employment and wages paid under the Florida Unemployment Compensation Law. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security; Gladstone Associates I I1II COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL1/ FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment, Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll SIC Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 70 Hotels and Other Lodging 19,125 $ 57,754,224 $ 6,040 Places 72 Personal Services 9,210 $ 30,588,490 $ 6,642 73 Business Services 27,127 $132,730,287 $ 9,786 1 a 75 Auto Repair Services 6,783 $ 35,641,415 $10,509 and Garages 76 Miscellaneous Repair Services 2,793 $ 15,481,285 $11,086 78 Motion Pictures 1,281 $ 4,804,326 $ 7,501 79 Amusement and Recreation 8,987 $ 39,701,992 $ 8,835 Services 80 Health Services 40,745 $248,894,643 $12,299 81 Legal Services 6,943 $ 71,522,807 $20,603 82 Educational Services 9,703 $ 57,845,247 $11,923 83 Social Services 4,002 $ 14,842,777 $ 7,418 (Continued . . 1111111111111.1111.111111.1.1 COVERED EMPLOYMENT AND PAYROLL -II (Continued) FOR DETAILED EMPLOYMENT CATEGORIES: SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1978 Employment, Payroll, First and Estimated Total Payroll SIC Name March 1978 Second Quarter 1978 Per Employee, 1978 84 Museums, Botanical, 43 $ 207,485 $ 9,650 Zoological Gardens 86 Membership Organizations .3,027 $ 14,763,678 $ 9,755 88 Private Households 778 $ 2,619,847 $ 6,735 OD 89 Miscellaneous Services 6,700 $ 49,722,623 $14,843 1 MD l/ Employment and wages paid under the Florida. Unemployment Compensation Law. Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security; Gladstone Associates. II III DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL LABOR AND PROPRIETORS INCOME BY PLACE OF WORK, BY INDUSTRY DADE COUNTY 1977 Industry, Farm Non -Farm: Agricultural Forestry & Fishing Mining Construction Manufacturing Non -Durable Goods Durable Goods Transportation and Public Utilities Wholesale Trade Retail Trade Finance, Insurance & Real Estate Services Government Federal, Civilian Federal,. Military State & local Amount (Thousands) $ 57,247 $8,451,761 $ 28,848 $ 11,213 $. 422,857 $ 986,219 $ 538,770 $ 447,449 $1,267,532 $ 777,275 $1,008,249 $ 651,903 $2,011,145 $1,286,520 $ 259,657 $ 102,180 $ 924,683 TOTAL $8,509,008 Percent of Total 0.7% 99.3% 0.3% 0.1% 5.0% 11.6% 6.3% 5.3% 14.9% 9.1% 11.8% 7.7% 23.6% 15.1% 3.1% 1.2% 10.9% 100.0% Source: Regional Economics Information System, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. IV-B-10 DERIVATION OF PERSONAL INCOME BY PLACE OF RESIDENCE DADE COUNTY 1977 Item Total Labor and Proprietors Income by Place of Work Less: Personal Contributions for Social Insurance by Place of Work Net Labor and Proprietors Income by Place of Work Plus: Residence Adjustment Net Labor and Proprietors Income by Place of Residence Plus: Dividends, Interest, andl, Rent _ Plus: Transfer Payments PERSONAL INCOME BY PLACE OF RESIDENCE Amount (Thousands) $ 8,509,008 $ 412,861 $ 8,096,147 ($ 584_72 8 ) $ 7,511,419 $ 2,067,953 $ 1,597,246 $ 11,176,618 1/ Includes the capital consumption adjustment for rental income of persons. Source: Regional Economics Information System, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. IV-B-11 C. Fiscal Effects FISCAL EFFECTS Miami is a major employer in the City and also accounts for a significant share of total industry purchases. Major categories of fiscal expenditures together with primary sources of City revenues,are shown in the materials which follow. In general, Miami expenditures are concentrated in services categories, including police and fire protection and solid waste disposal. Most of the revenues to pay for these services cone from local property taxes as well as from ;federal and state sources. PROJECTED REVENUES, BY SOURCE (GENERAL FUND) CITY OF MIAMI FY 1978-79 Source of Revenue Local Funds Property Taxes Homestead Exemption Miscellaneous Taxes Service Charges Business and Commercial: Franchise Taxes Business Licenses Construction Permits Rental Properties Utility Service Taxes Subtotal Total Local Funds Federal Funds Federal Revenue Sharing Countercyclical Total Federal Funds State Funds Projected Revenue $ 38,832,137 278,916 60,034 2,421,977 4,886,537 3,389,355 1,345,000 106,374 17,150,620 $ 26,877,886 $ 68,470,950 $ 7,993,394 2,566,798 $ 10,560,192 State Revenue Sharing $ 11,194,988 Cigarette Tax 481,260 Mobile Home Licneses 56,476 Beverage Licenses 258,058 Total State Funds $ 11,990,782 Other Agencies) $ 1,928,000 Miscellaneous Revenues) $ 2,840283 TOTAL REVENUES $ 95,790,207 •1l Dade County School Board, Miami Metro Water & Sewer, Metro -Dade County Court, Metro - Dade County Contract, and Off -Street Parking Authority. g Primarily interest On investments and conference and convention bond fund. Source: City of Miami Annual Budget, Fiscal Year 1978-79; Gladstone Associates. IV-C-2 PROJECTED FISCAL EXPENDITURES CITY OF MIAMI FY 1978-79 Program/Category General Fund Office of the Mayor Board of Commissioners City Clerk Law Civil Service City Manager Finance Human Resources Fire Police Public Works Parks Solid Waste Tourism Promotion Conferences & Conventions Citizen Services Leisure Services Building & Zoning Inspection Planning Planning & Zoning Admn. Board Management & Budget Special Programs & Accounts Total General Obligation Bonds Total General Operating Enterprise Funds Miami Stadium Orange Bowl Miamarina Dinner Key Marina Municipal Auditorium Dinner Key Exhibition Hall Marine Stadium Melreese Golf Course Miami Springs Golf Course Community Center Total Enterprise Funds Less: Deficits Appropriated in Special Programs __ Total Operating Appropriations Projected Expenditure $ 116,921 154,124 240,464 788,548 213,055 757,940 1,382,370 924,534 21,290,156 28,959,901 8,229,408 4,231,666 14,426,979 1,223,522 1,267,813 436,914 2,195,000 1,607,855 454,907 251,694 770,413 7,647,912 $ 97,572,096 $ 17,735,693 $ 115,307,789 $ 262,280 1,145,695 425,580 526,816 288,477 263,696 303,220 341,523 315,930 102,541 $ 3,975,758 $ ( 305,474) $ 118,978,073 Source: City of Miami Annual Budget, Fiscal Year 1978-79; Gladstone Associates. IV-C-3 D. labor Demand/Supply ,LABOR DEMAND/SUPPLY As adequate labor supply is vital to the retention and expansion of the local economic base, an understanding of the current labor demand/ supply situation in the City and broader Dade County region is necessary. The following provides information concerning these indicators and the occupational mix of specific industry categories in the County. From these data, it can be concluded that job categories currently in demand in the City, as evidenced by their "hard -to -fill" classification by the local employment security office or higher wages, are primarily those categories -- including clerical and nursing -- which are over -represented among City workers versus City residents. IV-D-1• DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY , CONSTRUCTION DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type N.- Percent, Professional, Technical 835 2.3% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 3,499 9.8% Sales Workers 278 .8% Clerical and Kindred Workers 2,436 6.8% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 19,135 53.7% Operatives, except Transport 1,532 4.3% Transport Equipment Operatives 1,063 3.0% Laborers 6,528 18.3% Service Workers,including 342 1.0% Private Household Total 35,648 100.0% source: 1970 Census of Population, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-2 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY RETAIL TRADE OTHER THAN GENERAL MERCHANDISE, F000, AUTOMOTIVE OR EATING AND DRINKING DADS COUNTY 1970 Job Type Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators Sales Workers Clerical and Kindred Workers Craftsmen and Kindred Workers Operatives, except Transport Transport Equipment Operatives Laborers Service Workers, including Private Household Total Number Percent 1,268 4,653 11,951 5,769 3,344 1,500 1,214 1,146 2,205 3.8% 14.1% 36.2% 17.4% 10.1% 4.5% 3.7% 3.5% 6.7% 33,050 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-3 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY RETAIL - GENERAL MERCHANDISE RETAILING DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 396 2.5% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 1,934 12.1% Sales Workers 6,856 42.8% Clerical and Kindred Workers 4,078 25.4% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 703 4.4% Operatives, except Transport 275 1.7% Transport Equipment Operatives 301 1.9% Laborers 494 3.1% Service Workers, including 981 6.1% Private Household Total 16,018 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D74 Jok DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY RETAIL - EATING AND DRINKING PLACES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 468 2.5% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 2,183 11.4% Sales Workers 316 1.7% Clerical and Kindred Workers 1,579 8.2% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 296 1.5% Operatives, except Transport 199 1.0% Transport Equipment Operatives 432 2.2% Laborers 62 .3% Service Workers, including 13,678 71.2%. Private Household Total 19,213 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-5 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY WHOLESALE TRADE DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 844 3.1% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 4,416 16.5% Sales Workers 5,767 21.5% Clerical and Kindred Workers 6,242 23.3% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 2,444 9.1% Operatives, except Transport 2,555 9.5% Transport Equipment Operatives 2,703 10.1% Laborers 1,358 5.1% Service Workers, including 469 1.8% Private Household Total 26,798 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-6 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY TRANSPORTATION OTHER THAN TRUCKING AND RAILROADS DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent ma Professional, Technical 4,486 14.7% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 2,122 7.0% Sales Workers 271 •9% Clerical and Kindred Workers 7,211 23.6% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 8,089 26.5% Operatives, except Transport 771 2.5% Transport Equipment Operatives 3,160 10.4% Laborers 1,282 4.2% Service Workers, including 3,101 10.2% Private Household Total 30,493 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-7 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY NONDURABLE GOODS - F000 AND KINDRED PRODUCTS DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 207 3.9% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 457 8.4% Sales Workers 339 6.3% Clerical and Kindred Workers 546 10.1% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 715 13.2% Operatives, except Transport 1,945 35.9% Transport Equipment Operatives 722 13.3% 3 Laborers 57 6.6% Service Workers, including 131 2.4% Private Household Total 5,419 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-8 III 1 IIIIIIIIIIII111III 111111NO P1 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY NONDURABLE GOODS - TEXTILE MILL PRODUCTS DADE.000NTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 11 .6% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 131 7.0% Sales Workers 77 4.1% Clerical and Kindred Workers 199 10.6% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 215 11.6% Operatives, except Transport 1,185 63.2% Transport Equipment Operatives Laborers 19 1.0% Service Workers, including 37 2.0% Private Household Total 1,874 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV=D-9 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY NONDURABLE GOODS. -APPAREL AND OTHER FABRICATED TEXTILE PRODUCTS DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators Sales Workers Clerical and Kindred Workers Craftsmen and Kindred Workers Operatives, except Transport Transport Equipment Operatives Laborers Service Workers, including Private Household Total Number Percent 276 1.8% 617 3.9% 428 2.7% 969 6.2% 1,008 6.4% 12,132 77.2% 53 .3% 133 •9% 89 .6% 15,705 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-•10 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY NONDURABLE GOODS - RUBBER AND MISCELLANEOUS PLASTIC PRODUCTS DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type • Number Percent Professional, Technical 50 3.0% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 191 11.4% Sales Workers 47 2.8% Clerical and Kindred Workers 200 12.0% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 241 14.5% Operatives, except Transport 882 52.9% Transport Equipment Operatives 12 •i% Laborers 27 1.6% Service Workers, including 19 1.1% Private Household Total 1,669 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-11. DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY NONDURABLE GOODS - PRINTING, PUBLISHING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 830 12.1% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 695 10.1% Sales Workers 780 11.4% Clerical and Kindred Workers 1,428 20.8% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 2,199 32.1% Operatives, except Transport 672 9.8% Transport Equipment Operatives 119 1.7% Laborers 59 .9% Service Workers, including 73 1.1% Private Household Total 6,855 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-12. ipe of Employee Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators Sales Workers Clerical and Kindred Workers Craftsmen and Kindred Workers Operatives, except Transport Transport Equipment Operatives Laborers Service Workers. including Private Household Total Furniture, Lumber - Wood Products i Y 137 2.7% 320 213 467 1,792 1,683 204 254 66 6.2% 4.1% 9.1% 34.9% 32.8% 4.0% 4.9% 1.3% 5,136 100.0% DISTRIBUTION OF TYPE OF EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY DURABLE GOODS MANUFACTURING MIAMI SMSA DADE COUNTY 1970 Electrical Machinery Equipment and Supplies 512 13.0% 309 7.8% 162 4.1% 587 14.9% 676 17.2% 1,588 40.3% 21 .5% 40 1.0% 47 1.2% 3,942 100.0% All Durable Goods Manufactured. Other Durable Goods Total r x r 380 5.9% 3,820 5.0% 422 6.7% 5,250 6.9% 342 5.3% 3,682 4.9% 877 13.7% 8,704 11.5% 1,153 17.9% 14.089 18.6% 2.810 43.7% 35,088 46.3Z 91 1.4% 2,195 2.9% 258 4.0% 2,081 2.8% 91 1.4% 854 1.1% 6,424 100.0% 75,763 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population. Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY FINANCE AND REAL ESTATE DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 1,165 4.4% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 4,998 19.0% Sales Workers 6,136 23.3% Clerical and Kindred Workers 10,914 41.5% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 649 2.5% Operatives, except transport 115 .4% Transport Equipment Operatives 137 .5% Laborers 298 1.1% Service Workers, including 1,927 7.3% Private Household • Total 26,339 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce;. Gladstone Associates. IV-D-14 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY HOTELS AND LODGING PLACES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 853 4.8% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 1,950 11.1% Sales Workers 66 .4% Clerical and Kindred Workers 2,824 16.0% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 583 3.3% Operatives, except Transport 379 2.1% Transport Equipment Operatives 160 •9% Laborers 249 1.4% Service Workers, including 10,531 60.0% Private Household Total 17,595 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-15 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators Sales Workers Clerical and Kindred Workers Craftsmen and Kindred Workers Operatives, except Transport Transport Equipment Operatives Laborers Service Workers, including Private Household Total Number Percent 2,084 786 202 1,195 359 92 168 570 2.106 27.6% 10.4% 2.7% 15.8% 4.7% 1.2% 2.2% 7.5% 27.9% 7,562 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D %16 DISTRIBUTION' OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY REPAIR SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 349 2.9% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 1,060 9.0% Sales Workers 236 2.0% Clerical and Kindred Workers 1,817 15.3% Carftsmen and Kindred Workers 5,847 49.3% Operatives, except Transport 1,123 9.5% Transport Equipment Operatives 564 4.8% Laborers 447 3.8% Service Workers, including 408 3.4% Private Household Total 11,851 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-17 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY PERSONAL SERVICES (EXCEPT SERVICE WORKERS) DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 804 8.6% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 1,177 12.5% Sales Workers 284 3.0% Clerical and Kindred Workers 1,856 19.8% Carftsmen and Kindred Workers 654 7.0% Operatives, except Transport 3,170 33.8% Transport Equipment Operatives 536 5.7% Laborers 900 9.6% Total 9,381 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-18 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY HEALTH SERVICES EXCEPT HOSPITALS DADE COUNTY. 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 4,935 43.7% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 275 2.4% Sales Workers 25 .2% Clerical and Kindred Workers 2,363 20.9% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 390 3.5% Operatives, except Transport 88 .8% Transport Equipment Operatives 37 .3% Laborers 29 .3% Service Workers, including 3,157 27.9% Private Household Total 11,299 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-.19 Job Type DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY HOSPITALS DADE COUNTY 1970 Mb Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 446 Sales Workers 40 Clerical and Kindred Workers 3,084 Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 335 Operatives, except Transport 154 Transport Equipment Operatives 46 Laborers 98 Service Workers, including 5,919 Private Household Number Percent Total 7,109 41.3% 2.6% .2% 17.9% 1.9% .9% .3% .6% 34.3% 17,231 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-20 ti DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY BUSINESS SERVICES DADE'COUNTY 1970 Job Type Professional, Technical and Kindred Workers Number Percent 1,546 13.6% Managers and Administrators 1,183 10.4% Sales Workers 615 5.4% Clerical and Kindred Workers 3,501 30.9% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 893 7,9% Operatives, except Transport 953 8.4% Transport Equipment Operatives 224 2.0% Laborers 203 1.8% Service Workers, including 2,222 19.6%, Private Household Total 11,340 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-21 Job Type DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY PRIVATE EDUCATION SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1970 Number Percent Professional, Technical 5,866 56.5% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 599 5.8% Sales Workers 88 .8% Clerical and Kindred Workers 2,006 19.3% Craftsman and Kindred Workers 285 2.7% Operatives, except Transport 64 .6% Transport Equipment Operatives 47 •5% Laborers 80 .8% Service Workers including 1,346 13.0% Private Household. Total 10,381 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-22 DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY OTHER PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED SERVICES DADE COUNTY 1970 Job Type Number Percent Professional, Technical 9,617 55.2% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 425 2.5% Sales Workers 142 .8% Clerical and Kindred Workers 5,120 29.4% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 231 1.3% Operatives, except Transport 188 1.1% Transport Equipment Operatives 80 .5% Laborers 76 .4% Service workers, including 1,537 8.8% Private Household Total 17,416 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-23 Job Type DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYEE TYPE BY INDUSTRY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND EDUCATION DADE COUNTY 1970 Number Percent Professional, Technical 16,421 38.3% and Kindred Workers Managers and Administrators 3,157 7.4% Sales Workers 91 .2% Clerical and Kindred Workers 12,151 28.3% Craftsmen and Kindred Workers 1,748 4.1% Operatives, except Transport 226 .5% Transport Equipment Operators 319 .7% Laborers 927 2.2% Service Workers, Including 7,871 18.3% Private Household Total 42,911 100.0% Source: 1970 Census of Population, Bureau of Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-24 DADE COUNTY, FLORIDA STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE APPLICANTS CLASSIFIED AS HARD -TO -PLACE AND OCCUPATIONS CLASSIFIED AS HARD -TO -FILL 1979 "SUPPLY" OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF HARD -TO -PLACE. JOB APPLICANTS "DEMAND" OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF HARD-TO-FILL.JOB OPENINGS Occupational Title Accountant, Tax Assembler, Garment Attendant, Childrens Institution Cashier Child Monitor Cosmetologist Drafter Manager, Food Services Nurses Aide Packager, Hand Porter Salesperson, Gen. Merchandise Teacher Occupational Title Accounting Clerk Administrative Clerk Automobile Mechanic Auto Body Builder Bookkeeper Carpenter Case Aide Clerk -General Clerk -Typist Clerk, Shipping & Receiving Clerk, Stock Cooks, Hotel -Restaurant Cook, Short Order Construction Worker Groundskeeper Guard, Security Home Attendant Houseworker, General Lockstitch Machine Operator Legal Secretary Maintenance Repairer, Bldg. Medical Secretary Painter Practical Nurse Presser, Machine Receptionist Registered Nurse Secretary Truck Driver, Light Waiter -Waitress, Informal Source: Analysis by Labor Market Analyst, Florida State Employment Service, Miami SMSA; Gladstone Associates. IV-D-25 MOST OFTEN CITED) FUTURE LABOR REQUIREMENTS MANUFACTURING FIRMS SOUTH FLORIDA 1979-1983 Job Category Index' Elec. Assembler (Low) 570 Assembler (Product) 423 Production Assembler (Gen.) 359 Elec. Assembler (Precision) 242 Electronics Assembler, 209 Develop.(High) Coil Winder, Automatic 207 Clerk Typist 205 Programmer Analyst 191 Clerk, Entry Level 180 Electronics Tech. Specialist 160 Electronic Tech. Intermediate 144 Secretary 137 Accounting Clerk 130 Electro Mech. Assembler 129 Maint. Person Bldg. 122 Elec. Tech.Advanced 119 Manufacturing Tech. 118 Material Handler 101 Electronic Tech. Entry 100 Mote: Based on survey of South Florida manufacturers conducted by the South Florida Manufacturers Association of 490 Questionnaires, 106 were returned. Of these. 62 were from Broward County firms and 28 were from Dade County Firms. 2/ Job categories with the largest number of future positions required. 2" Index of number of positions required,1979-1983. Source: South Florida Manufacturers Association; Gladstone Associates IV-D-26 SELECTED OCCUPATIONAL WAGES (OCTOBER, 1978) MIAMI AREA JOB TITLE Accountant, Chief Carpenter, Maintenance Clerk, Accounts Payable Clerk, Mail Clerk, Payroll Clerk, Shipping & Receiving Clerk, Stock Clerk Typist Comptroller Draftsman, Mechanical Electrical Engineer, Senior Electronics Technician Foreman, Machine Shop Inspector, Electronic Assemblies Key -Punch Operator Machine Operator, General Machinist Maintenance Man, Factory or Mill Mechanical Assembler Production Manager Programmer Purchasing Agent Receptionist -PBX Operation Secretary, Executive Secretary, General Tool & Die Maker Truck Driver, Light Unskilled Workers Welder AVERAGE RANGE $20,000-$23,000 Year $219.00-$274.00 Week $172.00-$210.00 Week $134.00-$144.00 Week $155.00-$211.00 Week $149.00-$166.00 Week $143.00-$160.00 Week $137.00-$152.00 Week $26,400-$32,400 Year $196.00-$284.00 Week $20,000-$25,000 Year $177.00-$295.00 Week $15,700-$19,300 Year $128.00-$155.00 Week $152.00-$222.00 Week $127.00-$181.00 Week $201.00-$266.00 Week $128.00-$156.00 Week $118.00-$154.00 Week $22,500-$28,000 Year $17,000-$22,000 Year $15,300-$18,800 Year $124.00-$141.00 Week $199.00-$274.00 Week $151.00-$199.00 Week $228.00-$290.00 Week $154.00-$191.00 Week $118.00-$189.00 Week $172.00-$252.00 Week Source: A community private industry association survey as reported by the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce. IV-0-27 • E. Vocational Education VOCATIONAL EDUCATION Various non-professional occupational training programs, particularly those providing skilled labor for industry 1/ complement the Miami area's overall employment base. Included are: - Medical Training: since hospitals, clinics, and ancillary health facilities constitute an important part of the local economy. - Office Skills: needed to support all types of business and industry. - Retail Trade Skills: as retail is a major part of the local economy. - Trades and Crafts: directly applicable to specific industries such as electronics manufacturing. Unfortunately, no central source of information on vocational training in Dade County is available., The two institutions providing most of the vocational education iri the County are Dade County Schools and • Miami -Dade Community College, both of which maintain complete records. The inventory of private vocational schools was obtained from a list of all state -licensed, post -secondary, vocational -technical schools. Schools which have failed to acquire state -required licenses or special programs such as ones offered by companies to their own employees are not included. Finally, there is no way to verify if enrollment and tuition data provided by these schools are accurate. Information on the local CETA effort was provided by the local program office. .Activities here, of course, can change radically with each new funding year. 1/ Information on cosmetology, modeling, public safety, and similar programs has been excluded IV-E-1 Neither the private and public colleges and universities in the area, nor the local private. high schools, offer vocational programs of any substance. The data collected indicate that despite a wide variety of available vocational courses, there are several problem areas as follows: - Approximately 27 percent of last year's'public high school graduates graduated with entry-level vocational skills. But the fields with the most sutdents in training are not necessarily those for which there is the greatest demand for trained labor or the ones with the greatest record of success in job placement. For example, a follow- up study of Dade students who graduated during the 1976-1977 academic year showed only 25.7 percent of graduates trained in gainful home economics using their skills on-the-job. Home economics is supposed to be job preparatory in areas such as child care, cooking and sewing. But in the year after graduation, 25 percent of the students in this program were involuntarily unemployed and another 20.3 percent were in unrelated jobs. Similarly, in the business graduate group -- which accounted for 40 percent of the total 20,827 high school enrollment for all job preparatory programs in Dade County Schools in the 1977- 1978 school year -- unemployment rates were 12 percent, according to the same study. (pages IV-E-18 and IV-E-19). - Approximately 1,200 students were enrolled in business -related courses -- including marketing, fashion merchandising, accounting, and social work -- at -Miami -Dade Comminity College in the Fall of 1978. Yet a Tallow -up survey showed less than 0 percent of the marketing program graduates from Miami -Dade Community College were employed in jobs using their skills; 40 percent were employed in unrelated jobs. (page-IV-E-19) • The data show vocational education is a growing part of the public school curriculum. More than 40 percent of all high school students are expected to be enrolled in vocational programs this coming school year. (page IV-E-3) But the figures also indicate a trend toward students working part-time jobs which do not necessarily teach technical skills. Almost 65 percent of the students in Dade schools in 1978 in on-the-job training programs were in the categories of Diversified Cooperatibe Training and Work Experience programs. These are broad categories primarily designed to allow students to work part-time rather than to teach students skills. The category of trade and industrial education included only 2.5 percent of the 7,341 students in the on-the-job training program. (page IV-E-11) ▪ In total, an estimated $77.31 million was _vent on occupational training for the T9T8-1979 school year. That figure includes tuition spent by students as we1T as public funding. (page IV-E-14). IV-E-2 School Year 1973-1974 1974-1975 1975-1976 1976-1977 1977-1978 1978-1979 1979-1980 TRENDS IN VOCATIONAL ENROLLMENTS COMPARED TO TOTAL ENROLLMENT DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1973 TO 1980 Number of Students Grades 10-12 in Vocational Programs1/ 10,530 13,006 15,090 16,035 20,827 21,500 23,1472/ Vocational students as a % of all Students Grades 10-12 19.0% 23.3% 27.0% 28.9% 37.6% 39.6% 40.8% 1 Includes non-job-prepatory classes 1 Preliminary estimate; may be adjusted Source: Dade County Public Schools; Gladstone Associates IV-E-3 TRENDS IN ENROLLMENT FOR JOB PREPARATORY VOCATIONAL PROGRAMS DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS GRADES 10-12 1975-1978 Enrollment Total 1975- 1976- 1977- Change Programs 1976 1977 1978 1975-1978 Distributive Education 747 944 736 -11 Vocational Home Economics 924 1,044 1,164 +240 Industrial Education 4,791 5,192 4,993 +202 Diversified Education 3,090 3,116 3,775 +685 Agriculture 547 589 660 +113 Health 743 960 1,170 +427 Business 4,24E 4,190 8,329 +4,081 Total Percent Change 1975-1978 -1.4`6 +26.0% + 4.2% +22.2% +20.7% +57.5% +96.1% Explanation of Program Titles Distributive Education - skills related to retail and marketing such as sales clerking, operating a cash register and working in a stock room. Vocational Home Economics - domestic skills, includes baking, child care and sewing courses; for homemakers. Industrial Education - trade and craft skills; includes construction, mechanics, drafting and commercial cooking courses. Diversified Education - non-specific work experience; on-the-job training. Agriculture - agriculture and farming skills; includes courses on forestry, landscaping and agri-business. Health - medical science skills; dental lab technology. Business - general office skills; secretarial courses. includes courses in massage, nursing and includes management, accounting and Source: Dade County Public. Schools; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-4 COt1PARISON OF NUMBER OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATES TO TOTAL NUMBER OF GRADUATES DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1975-1978 Graduates !di th Vocational Entry -Level Skills Non -Vocational Non Graduates Who Leave School in Grades 7-12 With Vocational Entry -Level Skills Mon -Vocational School Year 1975-1976 1976-1977 Percent Percent Number of Total Number of Total 12,917 100.0% 14,166 100.0% 1977-1978 Percent Plumber of Total 14,314 100.0% 2,628 20.4% 2,890 20.4% 3,800 27.1% 10,289 79.6% 11,276 79.6% 10,434 72.9% 8,698 100.0% 8,876 100.0% 7,151 100.01 274 3.2% 284 3.2% 456 6.4% 8,424 96.8% 8,592 96.8% 6,695 93.6% Source: Dade County Public Schools, Gladstone Associates. IV-E-5 ENROLLMENT IN OCCUPATIONAL PROGRAMS1 MIAMI-DADE COMMUNITY COLLEGE FALL SEMESTER, 1978 Total Full and Programs Part-time Enrollment Medical -except nursing) 1,478 Nursing-3/ 1,386 Secretarial and General Office 1,202 Electronics 693 Industrial Arts and Technology 70 Aviation Relatedl 423 Hotel, Restaurant, Institution Management 147 Civil Engineering 111 Construction Related Skills' 128 Data Processing 429 • General Business 1,211 Real Estate, Finance and Insurance 154 Other/ 3,573 11,005 1/ Includes all A.S. degree and Planned Certificate Programs. 2l Includes respiratory and physical therapy and medical laboratory technology, etc. 1 Includes associate degree in nursing, practical and LPN transition program. 1 Includes air traffic control, engineering, and flight attendant. 5/ Includes architectural technology, building construction, etc. 1 Includes accounting, management, marketing and fashion merchandising. -7-1 Includes commercial art, drafting, modeling, fashion design, marine science, fire fighting, etc. Source: Miami -Dade Community College, Office of Institutional Research; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-6 LICENSED, PRIVATE, POST -SECONDARY VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS1/ DADE COUNTY 1979 Name of School/Location Associated Schools, Inc. 1110 N.E. 163rd Street North Miami Beach Animal Science Institute 519 Little River Station Biscayne Paramedical Institute 300 Biscayne Boulevard Way Careers In Court Reporting 7221 Coral Way Charron Williams College 255 S.W. 8th Street Datamerica Institute 1107 S.W. 27th Avenue Dental Technician Institute 730 N.W. 40th Avenue Florida Career Institute 1971 N.W. Seventh Street Garces Commercial College 1301 S.W. First Street Gayle Carson Career Schools 300 Biscayne Boulevard Way Hospitality Service Institute 5553 N.W. 36th Street Types of Programs Tourism: Ticket agents, reservation desk agents Care of animals for vets, research, zoos. Medical and veterin- arian technicians and assistants. Legal Secretary. Business, para-medical, para-dental, court re- porting. Data processing, secre- tarial, dental assistant, (courses in Spanish only). Ceramic denture making. Travel, secretarial, dental assisting. Computer training, secretarial, bookkeeping architectural drafting. Real estate brokers, secretarial. Hotel and restaurant skills - waiter, bar- tender, desk clerk. IV-E-7 # Of Students Tuition Completing for Complete Program/Year Program 240 N/A 200 60 125 450 40 240 400 150 48 (Continued . . .) $1,795 $3,600 $2,440- $2,690 $2,700 $1,800 to $3,900 $ 360-- $1,300 $3,200 $1,800 $2,030 $1,490 $ 150- $ 225 LICENSED, PRIVATE, POST -SECONDARY VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS1/(Continued) DADE COUNTY 1979 Name of School/Location Ideal School for Training Nurses Aides 1370 West Flagler Street International School of Dental Ceramics 1553 San Ignacia Coral Gables Medical Aid Training Schools Incorporated 819 N.W. 119th Street North Miami Medical Arts Training Center 111 183rd Street, N.W. Miami Photography College 1805 N.E. 142nd Street North Miami MTI School 7911 Biscayne Boulevard National School of Health Technology 633 N.E. 167th Street North Miami Beach Respiratory Therapy Institute 2693 Biscayne Boulevard RETS Electronics School 1 M.E. 19th Street -Type of Programs Nurses aide. Dental technology. Certified nursing assistant. Radiology, secretarial dental and medical assistant. Commercial and studio photography. Language, nursing, clerical. Nurses aide, medical assisting. Therapists and res- piratory therapy technician. # Of Students Completing Program/Year Medical, industrial, communications, electronics, English as second language. IV-E-8 250 25 100 60 48 200- 300 180 150 500 Tuition For Complete Program $ 350 $3,600 $ 475 $ 895- $1,600 $ 865 $ 100- $1,000 $ 395- $1,995 $4,000 (Continued . . .) $3,000 LICENSD, PRIVATE, POST -SECONDARY VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS" (Continued) DADE COUNTY 1979 # Of Students Tuition. Completing For Complete Name pf School/Location Types of Programs Program/Year Program (Elinor) Smith Executive Secretarial. 48 $1,295 Secretaries 2550 Douglas Road Coral Gables Superior Training Service, Inc. Cashiers, bank teller, 400 $ 255- 14 N.E. First Avenue clerk, hotel management. $ 435 Third Century Travel Travel agents, airline 100 $ 200 2825 Oak Avenue clerks, reservationist. Coconut Grove Universal Training Service Heavy equipment operators, 500 $ 750- _ 1901 N.W. 7th Street truck driving. $1,250 1/ Includes only schools with industry, business or commercial programs. Modeling, barber, and beautician schools are among those not included. Source: Florida Board of Independent Post -Secondary Vocational, Technical, Trade and Business Schools; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-9 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS DADE COUNTY 1978-1979 ACADEMIC YEAR Funding Institution Type of Program Number Enrolled Miami -Dade Community Classroom and 2501/. College on-the-job Dade County Public • Classroom and 7,341 High Schools on-the-job Comprehensive Employ- ment Training Act (CETA) Includes some classroom training but mostly job experience 6, 770J 1/ Enrolled each semester. J Total number of clients as of June 30, 1979. • Source: Dade County Public Schools; South Florida CETA Consortium; Miami -Dade Community College; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-10 ON-THE-JOB TRAINING PROGRAMS" DADE COUNTY PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS 1977-1978 SCHOOL YEAR Number Of Number Of Number of High Schools Students Employers 1. Agri -business 1 30 6 2. Business Education 19 484 333 3. Health Occupations 20 408 107 4. Distributive Education 14 827 540 5. Diversified Cooperative 23 1,794 620 Training 6. Job Entry Program 20 525 425 7. Work Experience Program 23 2,943 1,700 8. Home & Family Living 6 147 35 Education 9. Trade & Industrial 12 183 148 Education Total 138 7,341 3,914 11 Cooperative programs including in -school education and on-the-job training. Source: Dade County Public Schools; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-11 AVAILABILITY OF ADULT TRAINING PROGRAMS]] DADE COUNTY SPRING, 1979 Private Dade - Miami -Dade Post - County Community. Secondary On The Type of Training Schools College Schools Job Business and Office Services Accounting Machines S P Bookkeeping P - General P P Data Processing Computer Operator S -. Key Punch P - Health --metal Assistant P - Laboratory Assistant P P Medical Assistant P - Nurses Aide P - Marketino Oistr butive Ed.) Cashier/Checker P - P P Hotel Services P S P . P Retailing P P - P Travel Services P P P P P P S S MD Secretarial Legal S P P - Medical S P P - General S S P - Stenographer S P P - Technical/Industrial Building Construction S P - P Electronics P P - S Mechanical/Industrial P P S (Machine Shop) Trades/Crafts Apparel Manufacturing P Commercial Cooking P Digital Computer Repairs S Diesel'Engine Mechanics P Electric Motor Mechanics S Welding P S - P S - S - - S - - S - P 1/ P=complete program available; S=single.or several course(s) available (limited). Source: Dade County Schools; Miami -Dade Community College; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-12 • ADULT VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ENROLLMENT DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1976-1978 Programs 1976-1977 1977-1978 Agriculture 31 50 Distributive Education 6,688 6,108 Home Economics 12,637 11,262 Trade & Industrial 17,000 14,114 Apprenticeship Training 1,696 1,413 Office Occupations 18,236 12,603 General Adult Education 87,022 99,034 Health Occupations 1,604 1,714 Community Interest 12,898 8,082 Total 157,812 154,380 Source: Dade County Public Schools; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-13 iiiuii 11111U U .i P1 Institution SPENDING FOR VOCATIONAL -TECHNICAL PROGRAMS DADE COUNTY 1978-1979 SCHOOL YEAR Programs Amount Dade County Grades K - 12 Public Schools Adult Programs Miami -Dade Occupational Training Community College Programs; other voca- tional education Comprehensive Classroom training and Employment on-the-job training; Training Act not public jobs (CETA) Private Schools $22,892,924 $21,840,945 $ 7,988,10O / $17,570,907 All post -secondary $ 7,018,8801 Total $77,311,756 1 Estimate based on 1977-1978 figure. 1 Estimated amount spent by students for complete programs. Source: Miami -Dade Community College; Dade County Public Schools; South Florida CETA Consortium IV-E-14 DISTRIBUTION OF GRADUATES IN VOCATIONAL AND ACADEMIC PROGRAMS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN DADE COUNTY 1978-1979 ACADEMIC YEAR Total Percent Percent School Number Academic Vocational University of Miami 2,000J 100.0% (Coral Gables) Florida International 3,000 100.0% University (Campus in North Miami Beach and Tamiami Trail) Miami -Dade Community 6,280 57.5% College (Four Campuses) Barry College 486 100.0% -0- (11300 NE Second Avenue) Biscayne College 261 100.0% -0- (16400 NW 32 Avenue) Florida Memorial College 382 100.0% -0- (15800 NW 42 Avenue) Miami Christian College 45 100.0% -0- (2300 NW 135 Street) Dade County Schools 10,483 72.9% 27.1%2/ Prescill Post -Secondary 4,324 -0- 100.0% Vocational Schools Private Secondary Schools 2,600 , 98.0% 2.0% J -0- 27.8 1/ Includes medical and law school graduates J Balance of students in general studies or special interest programs. Estimate based on distribution within programs. 1 Percent distribution is for 1977-1978 school year. Percent for 1978-1979 should be higher. 41 Number of graduates and distribution is estimated by Florida Department of Education, Non -Public School Division. Source: Individual schools and school systems; Florida Department of Education; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-15 ENROLLMENT BY DEGREE PROGRAM MIAMI DADE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 1978-1979 Winter Fall Term Term AA Degree 21,865 22,810 (Freshman & Sophomore equivalency; academic) AS Degree (Technical Careers, Allied Health Programs; job prepatory) 9,091 9,930 AGS Decree 322 420 (Associated General Studies - no specific program) Planned Certificate 930 1,075 (job prepatory) Special Interest Total 6,040 5,406 38,248 39,641 Source: Miami -Dade Community College; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-16 EMPLOYERI EVALUATION OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATES DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOL STUDENTS 1976-1977 ACADEMIC YEAR GRADUATES Quality Evaluated Employee's Level Of Preparation Employer's Responses Lacked Some Lacked Many or Prepared Essential Skills All Essential Skills % # 477 68.5% 143 20.5% 47 7.0% Consistently Generally Not Always High Acceptable Acceptable Quality of Employee's 370 53.2% 251 36.1% 23 3.3% Work Would Would Not Employer's willingness 571 82.0% 18 2.6% to hire other graduates 1 Graduates were asked permission before their employers were sent questionaires. A total of 1,858 employers were surveyed, of which 737 responded. Responses do not total 737 or 100 percent because some employers did not respond to all ques- tions. Source: Dade County Public Schools; Gladstone Associates. IV-E-17 JOB PLACEMENT SUCCESS OF OCCUPATIONAL PROGRAM GRADUATES DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1976-1977 ACADEMIC YEAR Total NuierJ Total Hiner In Full Time Job - In Full Time Job Unemployed and Continuing In Sample Of Gradwtes Usi Skills Not Using Skills Looking for York Education i of Sample 9 Z of Sample 0 Z of Sample 9 Z of Sample . Agri -Business," 6 60.02 0 OZ 0 02 4 40.0Z 10 77 Business)" 205 20.32 112 11.12 121 12.02 402 39.91 1.008 2,684 Diversified Co -operational," 37 21.6% 24 14.02 18 10.52 92 53.8% 171 741 Training ,�8 1,303 Distributive Education- 113 23.2% 120 24.62 19 3.92 110 22.5Z Gainful Home Economics," 38 25.72 30 20.32 37 25.0% 58 39.2% 148 519 Health Occupations) 211 56.0Z 63 16.7% 28. 7.4Z 172 45.6% 377 823 4.4 Industrial.ArtsJ 2 6.5% 2 6.52 4 12.92 20 64.5% 6,31 90 Industrial Occupations) 290 39.5% 125 17.02 59 8.0% 166 22.6% 735 1,850 Job Entry121 72 36.7% 39 19.9% 11 5.62 73 37.2% 196 689 1/ Columns may not total because some categories are not included and others overlap. J Agricultural skills including horticulture. forestry and running an agricultural business. 1/ Secretarial and office skills including management. accounting. etc. 4' General job experience; not prepatory for a specific occupation. 5/ Retail and marketing skills. 6/ Job prepatory training including cooking. sewing and child care. 71 Training for medical occupations including denistry and nursing. Not job-prepatory; general introductory program. 9/ Trade and industry job preparation. 10/ Program allowing seniors to work full-time for credit Source: Dade County Public Schools; Gladstone Associates. 111111.11111011.1.1.4 Program I I I i I I. I I JOB PLACEMENT SUCCESS OF OCCUPATIONAL PROGRAM GRADUATES MIAMI-DADE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 1976-1977 ACADEMIC YEAR In Full -Time Job In Full -Time Job Unemployed And as Z of Using Skills Not Using Skills Looking For Work Continuing Education Total Number Whose TotalTGraduates % of Sample it % of Sample 9 % of Sample I% of Sample Status is Known Accounting 7 29.2% 10 41.6% 0 0% 5 20.8% 24 92% Business Administration 5 38.5% 4 30.8% 1 7.7% 2 15.4% 13 87% Data Processing and 100% Computer Programming 18 47.4% 4 10.5% 1 2.6% 12 31.6% 38 Dental Hygiene 19 73.1% 0 0% 0 0% 4 15.4% 26 100% Electronics Technology 91% and General Electronics 38 71.7% 3 5.7% 0 0% 12 22.6% 53 t General Office 21 65.6% 6 18.8% 1 3.1% 0 0% 32 97% PI G Hotel, Restaurant, 93% Institution Management 16 55.2% 3 10.3% 1 3.4% 8 27.6% 29 Marketing 6 30.0% 8 40.0% 0 0% 2 10.0% 20 90% Medical Lab Technology 19 57.6% 3 9.0% 1 3.0% 7 21.2% 33 94% Nursing -Associate 194 86.6% 8 3.6% ' 2 .9% 9 4.0% 224 98% Nursing -Practical 36 60.0% 4 6.7% 2 3.3% 12 20.0% 60 100% Physical Therapy 12 70.6% 0 0% 0 0% 5 29.4% 17 100% Respiratory Therapy and Technology 60 84.5% 4 5.6% 0 0% 7 9.9% 71 100% 00% Secretarial Science 53 74.6% 4 5.6% 2 2.8% 7 9.9% 71 Source: Office of Institutional Research, Miami -Dade Community College; Gladstone Associates. 11110111111111111111111104 ADDENDUM TO "SUMMARY" OF FINAL REPORT ON THE FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR THE OFFICE OF TRADE AND COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT MIAMI, FLORIDA DECEMBER 31, 1979 PREPARED BY NATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES CORPORATION ADDENDUM TO "SUMMARY" OF FINAL REPORT ON THE ' FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR THE OFFICE OF TRADE AND COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT MIAMI, FLORIDA DECEMBER 31, 1979 ADDENDUM TO "SUMMARY" This addendum to the "Summary" contained in Chapter II of the "Final Report on the Financial Assistance Program for the Office of Trade and Commerce Development, Miami, Florida" submitted September 27, 1979, has been prepared to provide further clarification and assurances with respect to four major issues which have been raised by city officials con- cerning a number of recommendations contained in the report. These issues are: 1. A fuller description and analysis of the specific needs which the proposed program would address. 2. An analysis of possible duplication of functions now being carried out by existing organizations. 3. A further explanation of the rationale behind the proposed functions of the Miami Development Corporation — i.e., business development and financial packaging, commercial revitalization, and management and technical assistance. 4. The characteristics and advantages of the proposed quasi -public corporate structure as compared with other possible structures. We believe that these issues and the questions they raise are basicly answered by a fuller understanding of the proposed program — its assumptions, objectives, structure, character, functions, etc. 3 - accomplish the most effective public leveraging of private, investments on a centralized, coordinated basis. These key assumptions and basic approach supported a set of program objectives for the Miami Development Corporation stated in detail on pages 27, 28 and 29 of the report. The program would give the City of Miami an effective business development and financial packaging capacity to create and assist new businesses, expand existing businesses and provide for much broader participation in its economy by all segments of the population. As the following material will indicate, the proposed Miami Development Corporation will be providing services which no other organization in the city is now providing or can provide; in doing so, it will address the business assistance needs of the majority of the business population of the city (Cubans, Blacks, small business, etc.). • - 4 - DEFINITION OF NEED - NEEDS ANALYSIS Chapter III of the report contains material on "Definition of Need" and "Current Economic Development Agencies and Activities." It summarizes a wide range of financing and development support requirements emerging from analyses of: - Planning studies for six neighborhoods and projects.. Miami's Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan (1976-1986) - Program areas for future consideration Each of these analyses dealt with the specific projects expected to be encountered in carrying out the general strategy in each development program and concluded with a statement of financing or development support needs. Specifically, the analysis of planning studies for Allapattah, Biscayne Boulevard, Culmer, Garment Center, Little Havana, and Little River showed the following kinds of financing or development support needs: Long-term Fixed Asset and Real Estate Financing Light Industrial Commercial Development Financing for Storefront Improvement Inventory and Working Capital Loans Land Assembly and Moderate Writedown — Interest Subsidy Tax -Exempt Financing - Packaging Assistance - Operational Technical Assistance Overall Technical Assistance on Neighborhood Commercial Revitalization - Development of Stabilization/Strategy/Development Plan The Miami Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan lists other areas for Neighborhood Commercial Revitalization projects and some additional industrial development projects. The analysis of these projects showed the following kinds of financing or development support needs: - Small Commercial Loans - Working Capital/Inventory Loans - Fixed Asset Financing for Commercial and Industrial Development - Infra -Structure Support - Land Clearance and Preparation Utilities Transportation - Tax Abatement - Land Writedown In addition, it appears that two important areas for signi- ficant opportunity identification in the future would be Downtown infill development and international trade development. Analysis of these4 potential opportunities indicate the following kinds of financing or development needs: p M 1 M - Long-term Fixed Asset Financing, Infill for Downtown - Support for international trade development Profes- sional Services -- Documents, Credit, Licensing, Logistical Support • EXISTING PRIVATE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS The report then proceeds to an overview of existing pri- vate or community economic development organizations. Using the basic assumptions, approach and objectives of the pro- posed financial assistance program as general criteria for evaluating the effectiveness and structure of existing pri- vate and community economic development organizations as delivery systems for the economic and business development functions contemplated in the proposed Miami Development Corporation, it is clear that none of the ten existing organi- zations evaluated Csee list below) provides all or even most of the services and assistance needed in the city. In almost every case, the organizations are limited in their scope by either geographic or racial considerations; they are also limited or constrained in their effectiveness by inadequate professional capabilities and financial resources and access to these resources. As a result, with one or two exceptions, their operatiuns generally show low levels of activity and performance. While some of the functions to be carried out by the proposed organization appear to be carried out to a small degree by existing organizations, the quality, scope and effectiveness of the results obtained are - 7 - considerably lower because of the limitation of professional capability and resources required to do the job. The needs summarized above and the limitations of existing organizations as well as comparable experience in other cities of the country, suggeststrongly that only a city -related, citywide business development and financial packaging organization with a highly professional staff having access to.and packaging local and federal resources could accomplish the public sector leveraging of private sector investments and provide opportunities for small, medium-sized and minority business development and assistance. LIST OF EXISTING ORGANIZATIONS EVALUATED 1. National Economic Development Association (NEDA) 2. Urban League 3. Miami -Dade Chamber of Commerce 4. SBOC S. Little Havana Development Authority 6. Contractors Training and Development, Inc. 7. New Washington Heights Community Development Conference 8. Little River Commerce Association 9. Verde Capital Corporation 10. Universal Financial Service 8 QUASI -PUBLIC CORPORATE STRUCTURE COMPARED WITH OTHER ALTERNATIVES Another major recommendation made in the report is that the organizational entity be a quasi -public, citywide economic development corporation -- a type of corporate structure which has achieved notable success in several cities including Philadelphia, Dayton, and two or three others. This structure is fully described in Chapters VIII and IX of Part III of the report in which complete information and samples are provided on Articles of Incorporation, By -Laws, and the con- tract with the city. Additional material is also included on Capabilities and Resources, showing requirements, sources, organizational chart, and sample job descriptions. The issues raised in this regard are concerned with the comparative advantages and basic reasons for adopting the quasi -public type o.f corporate structure as compared with an in-house city departmental operation or a private non- profit corporation. With respect to the in-house city departmental operation, the main difficulties are as follows: There are many legal constraints and limitations on cities with respect to permissible economic development activities and particularly several in connection with dealing with private businesses, investors, etc. - Political considerations usually create counter- productive,difficulties for business development organizations which undermine the credibility of the operation. - City departments do not have the autonomy and flexibility required in the negotiation and development of private projects requiring public consideration and disclosure. - In this respect, confidentiality and expeditious action are usually major factors in decision -making involving competitive factors in private sector deal making. - Certain specific transactions are not possible in the public sector such as equity injections, partnerships and syndication, real estate develop- ment, etc. With respect to private non-profit organizations, the main difficulties are as follows: Private non-profit development corporations are not accountable or responsive to a city's overall economic development needs or development strategy. - In this respect, such a corporation cannot control or coordinate all the factors of development and resources required in a comprehensive economic development delivery system. - 10 - - Most private non-profit organizations generally serve specific, parochial interests and the concerns of specific groups or communities without regard to the city's overall plan for economic development. - In some cases, they are controlled by local resident groups who do not have the experience or expertise to carry out broad -based economic development programs. The recommendations in the report took the above factors into consideration, particularly since most of them were specific- ally encountered in the organization and development of the Philadelphia Citywide Development Corporation. We believe strongly that the recommended quasi -public type of corporate structure will address and overcome these difficulties in an effective and productive manner. The characteristics and advantages of Citywide EDCs and the experience of three cities are more fully described in the attached CUED Information Service bulletin. Finally, from the legal standpoint, Mr. Burton Landy of Paul, Landy and Beiley, has assured us that his firm is pre- pared to proceed with the organization and incorporation of a quasi -public corporate entity as soon.as he is requested to do so. • National Council For Urban Econo �c evelopment ' l Information Service Citywide EDCs INTRODUCTION The planning, implementation and coordination of local economic development have become new and challenging roles for many Urban development agencies. Community economic development requires the local capacity to plan realistically, improve critical urban infrastructures and attract private investment to job -creating enterprises. Over the past decade, many localities have made signifi- cant advances in economic planning and in programming capital improvements for economic development. However, the last and perhaps most critical link —the public -sector leveraging of private -sector investments in urban economic development —has proven more difficult. Quasi -public citywide economic development corporations appear to offer potential as local development institutions capable of effectively performing this latter function. EDCs' Characteristics Several characteristics serve to distinguish "quasi -public" EDCs from local government agencies or private -sector organizations. I. Administrative autorrorrry combined +vith some degree of political accountability. Quasi -public EDCs employ full-time professional statTs which usually are not on local government payrolls, but which are responsible indirectly to Local policy -makers via an appointed governing board and annual contractual reviews. Boards usually are appointed partially by the chief elected official, but enjoy an independent staff hired by a professional executive director and an administrative budget which is assisted partially by outside revenues and/or long- term grants. 2. Legal Status. As quasi -public entities, EDCs are considered legally to be private. non-profit corporations, as opposed to municipal corporations (i.e., government agencies). As will be si+scussed below under their legal advantages. this allow, EDCs to utilize many of the impor- tant development powers which are prohibited otherwise to municipalities under most state constitutions. 3. ,Mired Public/Private Governing Boards. In addition, most EDC boards must be composed of business, labor and civic group representatives, as well as ex-officio members from local government agencies. As will be discussed below, this mixed public/private membership often can induce additional capital leverage from local investors and tenders. 4. "Citywide" Economic Development Strategies. EDCs may assist housing and neighborhood development projects, but are oriented basically toward maximizing economic benefits throughout the city. rather than in areas of concen- trated unemployment or "Special Impact." 5. Capital Revolving Funds +Managed Under Contract to Local Government.. Most quasi -public EDCs are prohib- ited from disbursing funds as grants, as opposed to loans and investments. Usually, EDCs manage capital portfolios financed by long-term grants from local governments. These grants often take the form of an annual contract between the city and the EDC which must be renewed each year. No, 8 July, 1976 Advantages i. Administrative. As quasi -public entities, EDCs enjoy administratively -autonomous staffs which are hired by and accountable to a full-time executive director. Usually, salaries and other overhead costs are financed initially out of public and private sector grants, with an increasing share absorbed by fees and service charges which, over time, should increase with user volume. Thus, quasi -public EDCs are capable of maintaining a professionally -autonomous staff which is accountable only indirectly politically. 2. Legal. Beyond the administrative advantages they may offer, quasi -public EDCs also benefit from their spe- cial legal status. Although they usually receive their capital funds through city contracts. quasi -public EDCs are chartered as private corporations. rather than as city agencies. Since the latter are considered municipal corpora- tions under most state constitutions. EDCs provide an important alternative to city governments which often are prohibited from conducting economic development pro- grams directly. Characteristically, these types of state restrictions not only prohibit cities from assisting private firms, but also from engaging in land banking. related real estate develop- ment and financial involvement, except in urban renewal areas. Several states, it should be noted, have enacted or are considering special state enabling statutes allowing private organizations as well as quasi -public EDCs designated by local governments to engage in many activities prohibited to municipal corporations. (See CUED Information Service Report *3.) 3. Financial "Packaging." Many quasi -public EDCs also have demonstrated a special capacity to "package" various development financing tools by combining various capital resources available through urban municipalities (Community Development and Revenue Sharing Block Grants, Economic Development Administration public works and technical assistance, Comprehensive Employ- ment Training Act manpower grants and other categorical grants) with private business assistance funds (EDA and Small Business Administration business loans and loan guarantees, loans made through kcal development corpo- rations, Small Business Loan Corporations and MESBICs and OM BE technical assistance grants). In addition, EDCs often can coordinate these capital sources with other local development incentives (zoning and regulatory changes. tax abatements, municipal improve- ments) by acting as a liaison between the private sector and local government agencies. 4. Improved Capital Leverage. Finally, quasi -public EDC boards provide a useful institutional setting for im- proving coordination between the public and private sec- tors, and for eliciting additional private capital commitments from the local business community. As with the "packaging" feature, the mixed composition of quasi -public boards often can induce more participation from local financial institu- tions as well as from private business firms. * * * 1 1 i The three case studies which follow will examine briefly citywide EDCs in Dayton, Ohio; Philadelphia, Pennsyl- vania; and Pittsburg, California, in terms of their compara- tive structure and operating powers, legal limitations, economic development programs and performance records. The first case study, on the Dayton Citywide Develop- ment Corp., deals with these factors in more depth than the two following case studies, providing a detailed look at the institutional and economic setting for one EDC, while also providing a brief comparison with two other similar institutions. CASE -STUDY #1: Dayton Citywide Development Corp. Introduction First organized in 1972 as a quasi-puhlic corporation. Dayton Citywide Development Corp. (DCWDC) already has begun to attain national prominence for its innovative use of legal and financial tools to promote economic and community development. Many of these techniques involve direct risk -sharing with the private sector and represent a degree of quasi -government participation in the develop- ment process which is still relatively unusual in the United States. This type of participation, which includes equity invest- ment, general partnerships and subordinated leasing arrangments, goes beyond the more traditional role of de- velopment "broker" usually associated with local puhlic and quasi -public economic development agencies. Although DCWDC can "package" indirect developer incentives such as property tax abatements and industrial revenue bonds, it also has been involved in more direct legal and financial risk -sharing with private developers. DCWDC also has been successful in relating its commu- nity -wide development goals to neighborhood needs and priorities and has institutionalized neighborhood participa- tion into its project selection and review process, This practice has evolved over several years and can he traced to the, de facto veto power which the city commission gave to several Neighborhood Priority Boards in 1970 when it appropriated local funds for a "Neighborhood Grants Program." Six boards now elected by local -area residents suggest • and approve projects to be funded by outlays from "Neigh- borhood Trust Funds" managed by DCWDC. Although this type of coordination may not be as unusual as DCWDC's innovations in risk -sharing, still it demonstrates a high degree of political sophistication on the part of both city hall and DCWDC. Background Located in the southwest quadrant of Ohio, the City of Dayton encompasses an area of 44 square miles with a population of 214,000 estimated in 1974. This represents an absolute decline of 12 percent from 1970 central -city levels, as well as a decreasing share of SMSA employment. Major employers in the city are National Cash Register, with executive headquarters in Dayton, four large General Motors plants, the Wright -Patterson Air Force Base and the Defense Electronics Supply Center. Economic Situation Dayton's economy has suffered in recent years from major decentralization moves by several large manufacturing firms, including National Cash Register, which has cut back more than 15,000 production -related jobs in the area since 1970. In addition, recessionary slow -downs by the four local GM plants have added several thousand more workers to local unemployment rolls. Over approximately the same period, service -sector employment has increased from 57 percent in 1971 to 60 percent of total employment in 1975, an increase of almost 10,000 ,jobs. More and more, Dayton has begun to focus on developing a more diversified economic base and on en- couraging continued growth in the service -sector economy over the next decade. DCWDC's economic and neighborhood investments reflect this orientation and are used mostly to assist small and medium-sized business and new downtown business projects. It also has engaged in continuing industrial re- tention efforts. Evolution of DCWDC Although elected at -large, Dayton's five -member city commission long has been responsive to coordinating city- wide development priorities with neighborhood goals. This can he traced to the late 1950s and early 1960s, when elected neighborhood councils first were created to qualify some urban renewal areas for Federal funds and to assist in housing code enforcement programs. A short time later, other neighborhoods began to form voluntary councils, composed primarily of civic and religious leaders. Model Cities In 1967, Inner West Dayton, a low-income, predomi- nately -black residential neighborhood, was designated as Dayton's Model Cities area. An elected citizens' advisory group, called the Inner West Dayton Planning Council. was delegated approval over all Model Cities expenditures, until 1974 when the program was discontinued. • In late 1970. the city commission adopted certain aspects of the Inner West Dayton model and divided the remaining neighborhoods of the city into four large areas, each to be represented by a designated Neighborhood Priority Board. Usually, board membership corresponded to the older civic groups already in existence in several neighborhoods. Unlike the Model Cities Planning Council, the original four Neighborhood Priority Board- were not given explicit i veto powers over funding of neighborhood projects and instead were to act in an advisory capacity to the commis- sion. In practice, however, the commission allocated $200,- 000 in general revenues to fund a Neighborhood Grants Pro- gram and allowed groups de facto veto power over those disbursements in their own areas. Citywide Variations Then, in late 1971, Dayton was selected as one of 20 cities eligible for special HUD Planned Variations funding. In addition to $2.9 million in Model Cities grants, this designation enabled the city to receive $5.2 million and $4.7 million in fiscal years 1972 and 1973, respectively, to fund new "citywide variations" of its own choice. First, the city made its Neighborhood Priority Boards elective and began funding "Neighborhood Site Staffs" located in each board area. Each composed of eight pro- fessionals, including housing inspectors and community development coordinators, these staffs were to assist their boards in developing long-term neighborhood goals and in coordinating with the city manager's office. Contract With City In addition, Dayton committed more than $2.5 million to capitalize four separate neighborhood trust funds and a "citywide" account, both under the direct management of DCWDC. This arrangement was formalized in 1972 when DCWDC entered into a joint contractual agreement which allocated approximately half of this sum among four neigh- borhood trust accounts and the remainder to a "citywide" account. As another part of this agreement, each of the four elected Neighborhood Priority Boards were to appoint a Neighborhood Development Council, composed of nine area residents with economic development expertise, which, in turn, were to be assist•Td by neighborhood site staffs and to participate directly with the DCWDC staff on neigh- borhood project selection reviews. Each Neighborhood Development Council also shared with DCWDC approval and veto authority over all ex- penditures from its respective neighborhood trust fund. (Since 1972, the Model Cities area and an additional neighborhood have been incorporated as two additional priority boards with separate trust funds.) These councils and DCWDC are sharing in project selec- tion and development responsibities. Projects are suggested either by DCWDC staff or the neighborhood and commu- nication is maintained throughout the development of the project. However, as the city's designated "project man- ager." DCWDC exercises sole control over the "citywide" fund and is responsible for determining and revising project selection priorities which govern all project reviews. Organization and Powers DCWDC was chartered in September, 1972, as a private, nonprofit corporation eligible for IRS designation under IRS code 501 (C) (4). This designation entitles DCWDC to receive Federal tax exemptions on business income but not to pass on personal income tax deductions on individual gifts it receives. As a quasi -public corporation, its 28- member governing board is accountable to the city commis- sion which approves appointments to the board and annually renews DCWDC's contract agreement. DCWDC combines many features of an administratively - autonomous organization with a degree of local accounta- bility associated with its role as city "project manager" for housing and economic development. Board Appointments Twenty-two of the 28-member board of trustees of DCWDC were appointed originally by the city commission and are divided equally among representatives of (I) gov- ernment agencies, (2) financial and business sectors and (3) the community. Each of the remaining six board mem- bers is appointed annually by the respective Neighborhood Priority Boards. Following initial two-year appointments by the commis- sion, a trustee membership committee approved by the initial board was delegated authority to make nominations to the commission on an annual basis and assign three-year staggered terms of office to the 22 board members, Staffing Pattern Except for an appointed executive director, DCWDC's personnel is recruited on a non -political basis by the execu- tive director. Original staffing consisted of a secretary and three full-time professionals: the executive director, the assistant director and a development analyst. Both directors are former civil servants with backgrounds in city planning and economics. In 1975, the professional staff doubled in size between April and September and now totals six professionals and two secretaries. New additions include a consumer loan specialist with considerable business experience; an urban homesteading sales promotion manager. formerly a licensed real estate salesman; and an ex -construction contractor, who currently acts as construction manager for the home- steading rehabilitation undertaken by DCWDC. Funding Sources DCWDC's primary source of capital and administrative funds is its annual contract with the City of Dayton, in which DCWDC legally is "reimbursed" for performing "management services." Actually, the contract involves capital grants appropriated by the city and placed under DCWDC's management as the c"ty't: agent in makingdevel- opment loans and investments. Officially, DCWDC- managed funds remain the property of the city until spent; thereafter they become DCWDC property. Capital Grants Initial capitalization for DCWDC came from two city appropriations, $2.5 million funded out of the city's HUD Planned Variations grant and SI.25 million from General Revenue Sharing sources. These two appropriations were critical in providing DCWDC with the flexibility necessary to fund start-up costs, including administrative expenses. Planned Variations funds were used to pay salaries and normal office expenses that could not be covered by busi- ness income for the first few years of operation. 3 i Planned Variations monies also were flexible functionally and permitted funding for economic development and mixed -use projects as well as housing construction. Half of these funds was allocated by the commission to a "city- wide" account managed solely. by DCWDC, with the re- mainder divided among the four "neighborhood trust" accounts on the basis of relative population, unemployment and per capita income levels within each Neighborhood Priority Board area. Technical Assistance In 1974, the first full year of DCWDC's operations, start-up costs were assisted further by a $57,000 technical assistance grant from EDA. However. most of this year's costs were supported by the initial Planned Variations and General Revenue Sharing grants. During calendar year 1975, CDBG grants became the major source of funds, CDBG funds were designated to fund two minority business development grants, totaling $300,000, (half of which was designated for use by Dayton's Model Cities area residents), to capitalize a home improvement revolv- ing fund of $825.000, to fund special urban homesteading rehabilitation at $1.1 million. Under this program. DCWDC directly purchases low- cost foreclosed homes from FHA, rehabilitates the houses and re -sells them recovering its direct costs ;and some ad- ministrative expenses. Properties are sold at 85 percent of their market value. Administrative Costs Private -sector contributions never have been sought to fund any of DCWDC's operating costs. since these are covered either by contracts with the City of Dayton or by earnings from investments. (Private capital. however, has been used in development projects and DCWDC has participated directly in joint equity ventures with local investors.) Although DCWDC was incorporated legally in Septem- ber. 1972, actually it did not set up its offices until March, 1973, and did not achieve full operations until well into the same year. Calendar year 1974 thus represented the first full year of operations; administrative expenses totaled $189,600.for this period. During calendar year 1975. the staff doubled and admin- istrative expenses grew to $290,000, including $40,000 for a housing market study and $28,000 for promotional costs of the "Urban Living" program, designed to attract middle -income families hack to the city. Legal Restrictions Ohio state law specifically does not authorize puhlic or quasi -public development corporations such as DCWDC. For that reason, DCWDC was incorporated under the general non-profit corporation statutes of the state. As such, it has no special authority to issue bonds, acquire property, etc. The Ohio Irrracted Cities Act of 1973 (Ohio Statute 1728) also allow cities to grant property tax abatements of up to 30 year,on property improvements. It must do so through "Commmty Urban Redevelopment Corporations" which acquire an maintain legal title to the property upon which abatements granted. Finally, Secuct 501(C)(4) of the IRS code prohibits DCWDC from restributing dividends to any of its share • - holders. This ru:: does not hamper DCWDC significantly, since its equity ces not represent private capital and since corporate earnras may be re -invested in new revolving fund assets. . exible Operations The City of Fivton intended that DCWDC operate in a flexible way. Fc . that reason, the city's contract allows it to utilize "... 3e..1. organizational and development tools listed in this corral and any other techniques which can advance the stamA Jutrposes of this program." Since the statci purposes of the work program include the promotion ir'riyate investment in the city "through the use of various le. i and financial incentives," this has given DCWDC cons erable flexibility' in its development activities. Investment Strategy The range of a a1 and financial tools which DCWDC can and does err.'loy reflects its "investments strategy" approach towari urban development. Basically, this ap- proach implies a nore direct and flexible use of public funds, deployed so as ti maximize private/puhlic capital leverage and to improve he benefit/cost ratios in terms of employ- ment, personal ricnme. fiscal impacts and other economic factors. In its owl words, DCWDC views such a strategy as important for ca•eral reasons: • "First, diffi:.ut projects sometimes require that com- binations of sunsuits be applied, as opposed to just a single subsidy; • "Second, sire this is done with skill. difficult projects can become no..anly feasible but profitable to the public as well as private •ector; and • "Third. the ;ley is to develop formulas for sharing the risk between the private and public participants and to strive for the greaest degree of leverage possible." Public/Private Coordination Aside from its uncial legal and financial powers, DCWDC is also interestin tior the way it has combined many of the attributes of a prvate entity with a good degree of local accountability. For instance. i.enjoys relative autonomy in such admin- istrative matter as staff hiring and personnel standards, but still is accountable to the commission, which must ap- prove its capita' raiget and a quarter of its board members each year. DC% DC is also responsive to locally -elected Neighborhood !writs, Boards, which appoint six board members each .-.ar. The project TrYt. process also illustrates how DCWDC coordinates withiohne and private sectors, including neigh - a rrs 1, M. boyhood groups. As noted earlier, half of DCWDC's original Planned Variations funds was allocated to a "city- wide" fund and the other half to four "neighborhood" funds; with DCWDC retaining veto power over both funds, Outlays from any of the "neighborhood" accounts re- quire review by a nine -member Neighborhood Develop- ment Council, composed of neighborhood representatives with experience in finance, real estate and economic devel- opment, Neighborhood Development Councils are ap- pointed by their respective Neighborhood Priority Boards and work directly with DCWDC staff in the preliminary stages of project review. Sensitive to Neighborhoods Often this process involves delicate negotiations over combining "neighborhood" funds (also subject to Neigh- borhood Development Council approval) with "citywide" funds, and DCWDC has proven to 'be quite sensitive to meeting neighborhood needs in these negotiations. More than 38 percent of DCWDC's outstanding investments represents residential home improvement loans, and a good amount has been lent to assist small commercial and retail establishments. Further in the work plan, the contract gives several ex- amples of eligible development and organizational tech- niques. Many of these tools —such as land write -downs, municipal improvements, technical assistance, industrial revenue bond sponsorship and SBA 502 loans —are rela- tively common instruments already employed in many other U. S. cities. However, the work plan also lists such techniques as loan guarantees, "seed" money to fund certain technical and legal expenses associated with construction costs, land -banking of property for development at a future date and indirect property tax exemptions. Broader Authority It is interesting that most of DCWDC's more innovative development powers are not listed specifically as examples in the work plan, but instead fall under the broader authority stated in the contract's general purposes, quoted earlier. DCWDC has used this general authority to engage in a number of unusual development activities: indirect equity investment in projects. general subordinated leasing, part- nerships, secondary financing and other creative financing devices. On the other hand, DCWDC still operates with consid- erable authority as "project manager" over all DCWDC funds. DCWDC is also responsible for determining and re- vising the investment criteria which govern project review and selection procedures. (This authority is subject, of course, to indirect political checks, since a fourth of the board is up for reappointment each year.) The Stouffer Project The Stouffer Hotel/Restaurant complex, now under construction in downtown Dayton, illustrates how DCWDC effectively has "levered" its own capital resources using special legal and financial tools. In 1974, under authority of the Ohio Impacted Cities Act (Ohio Statute 1728), DCWDC formed and capitalized a wholly -owned, non- profit subsidiary, called the Citywide Community Urban Redevelopment Corp. ("Citywide Urban"), A 1728 corporation passes property tax exemptions along to private developers via low-cost leases which may include purchase options to acquire title for a nominal cost at the end of the agreement. The leases on the property improvements (but not on the land) correspond to installment sales, or so-called "financial mortgage -leases," all of which -allow developers to deduct depreciation from current business income while at the same time receiving the local property tax exemptions passed on from the legal "owner," in this case the Citywide Urban Redevelopment Corp. These dual tax advantages —local property tax exemp- tions received as the legal "tenant" and Federal tax deduc- tions received as the de facto "owner" —are important in- centives offered by Ohio's Impacted Cities Act and show how state legislation can "dovetail" conveniently with Federal tax laws. As shown in Figure 1, DCWDC utilized the following methods to attract private investment to Dayton: DCWDC Development Tools: The Stouffer Project I. Land Acquisition Grants' and Urhan Renewal Sub- sidies: Using Citywide Urban as a legal intermediary, DCWDC provided $174.000 indirectly to acquire urban renewal land from the City of Dayton. At $3.80 per square foot, this price represented a subsidized value, net of Federal and local urban renewal land write -downs. 2. Subordinated Leases with Purchase Options: City wide Urhan, in turn, offered a low-cost subordinated lease- hold in land and hotel improvements to Stouffer's Dayton Plaza (SDP). SDP is a limited -dividend partnership between small local investors and Citywide Projects, Inc., a wholly - owned subsidiary of DCWDC. SDP leases the land and hotel property cost-free for five years and then at $16,000 per year. Citywide Urhan separately leased the restaurant portion of property cost-free to Montgomery County, which sub- leased to the SDP partnership at rates sufficient to amortize a county revenue bond issue used to finance restaurant construction. In 25 years SDP acquires the hotel/restaurant property • titles for $l and may acquire the land for $130,000. 3. "Seed" Equity and General Partnership: DCWDC also contributed $265,000 in capital to Citywide Projects, Inc., the general partner of SDP. Citywide Projects hold an equity interest in SDP limited to $65,200, but has assumed a gen- eral liability for all partnership risks. Local investors provided SDP with $ I.5 million in general equity, raised through the sale of 600 partnership units priced at $2500 each. With Citywide Projects assuming general partnership liability, private investors were afforded protection against major capital loss. 4. Property Tar Exemptions for Developer: As permitted by Ohio law, Citywide Urhan has passed on property tax exemptions by entering into a long-term lease with SDP, which, in turn, subleases to the private developer. As men- tioned above. Citywide Urhan has assumed legal title to all construction improvements over the life of the lease, but has assigned property liens to financial and institutional lenders as collateral to secure the debt. 1 Ultimate Funding Sources: Amount and Type of Capital: Figure 1: STOUFFER PROJECT: LEGAL AND FINANCIAL TOOLS i FEDERAL GRANTS (Model Cities. Planned Variations. CDBG) i City of Dayton CWDC $440,000 SMALL INVESTORS. LOCAL BUSINESS & CIVIC GROUPS $1.5 million (Partnership Equity) a �.a Citywide Projects. Inc. $t 5 200 .��o (Gen'I Partner, • ,1b �� Stouffer's Dayton (Equity) Poo' Plaza) Citywide Urban Redevelopment Corp. Acquires Title to Land and Property Land and Hotel Leases Stouffer's Dayton Plaza Restaurant Montg. j Sub- (Limited Dividend Lease County Lease Partnership) (Purchase Option in 25 Yrs.) (20 Yr.) Property Tax Exemptions on Land & Hotel Property (20 Yr.) Property Tax Exemptions on Restaurant Property Use of Funds: in o a (73 E Stouffer Hotel ($8 million) PRIVATE DEVELOPER (Stouffer Affiliate) $1.1 million (Chattels & Fixtures) w aEi 0 « Stouffer Restaurant ($2 million) Assignment of First Lien as Collateral for Private Construction Loans Land Acquisition ($174,000) v� i i FINANCIAL LENDING INSTITUTIONS Local Banks/ Si & Ls I (Construction Loans) I Aetna Insurance Co_ (Long-term Refinancing) $6.4 million (secured Debt) $5.4 million (First Mortgage Loan) $1 million (County Revenue Bond) Facility Construction Chattels & Fixtures ($8 million) ($1.1 mt'lion) II! =ill Mil 5. Debt Financing: Institutional lenders stepped in with $6.4 million worth of debt financing, First, a consortium of local lending institutions providing $5,3 million in short-term loans which were refinanced by Aetna Insurance Co. at the end of construction. Second, local banks and S&Ls provided another $1 million in tax-exempt revenue bond financing for Stouffer's Restaurant, Both the Aetna mortgage loan and the focal revenue bond were secured by first property liens. 6. Chattels and Fixtures: As its direct investment, the developer (SRI of Dayton, Inc., an affiliate of Stouffer) pro- vided commitments to finance additional equipment installa- tion costs, mostly in the form of chattels and fixtures. Presently, these are estimated to cost $ I .I million. The direct economic impacts expected to occur within one year of project completion, scheduled for the coming sum- mer, include $3 million per annum in new wage and salary income and $52,000 per annum in increased wage -tax earn- ings for the city. Property tax impacts will be negligible for the corning two decades due to the local tax exemptions which have been granted by the city. This is actually a "maximum benefit" scenario, of course, and assumes that development would not have occurred otherwise without using these incentives. Other Projects As can be seen in Figure 2, DCWDC is also engaged in a variety of business development activities, including com- mercial restoration and relocation loans, industrial expansion efforts and minority business development investments. DCWDC's industrial investments include a $ 160.000 cost of land assemblage, the land being sold to the Dayton Forge and Heat Treating Co., which carried out a S'_ million plant expansion expected to create 45 new jobs and retain 250 jobs. In addition to Stouffer. DCWDC is also assisting another large downtown development, the Court House Square Re- development Project, currently planned as a combined mu- nicipal center/commercial office complex. DCWDC made three short-term loans to assist small retail establishment, in their moves to the site. Restoration Loans DCWDC also is involved heavily in several commercial restoration loans to shops and business establishments in the historic Oregon district. Located adjacent to the Stouffer site, these business improvements are expected to create "spill -over" effects on the downtown business district and on the Stouffer project in particular. Loans totaling approximately $435,000 are expected to create and retain approximately 140jobs in this district, not including the indirect impacts on adjacent business. In addition, DCWDC has committed its entire minority business development budget and some additional "city- wide" funds to assisting two minority -owned enterprises located in the inner West Dayton Model Cities area. Some $200.000 in expansion loans was made available to the Dayton Independent Truckers Association to develop a trucking park and depot station, and another $530,000 was used to assist in constructing a minority -owned Medical Service Center, which will provide most of its services to Medicare and Medicaid patients. Another $174,000 in re- maining funds was used to purchase X-Ray machines which will be leased to the center. Performance Measures To date, DCWDC has invested $2.6 million in 15 com- mercial and industrial development loans and investments compared to $1.6 million in housing ventures. This has suc- cessfully "levered" an additional $17million in new private investments to finance $19.6 million in new capital improve- ments for local businesses. This represents a private/public capital leverage ratio of almost 10 to 1 on economic development investments. Since DCWDC has, been in operation for only two years, most of these investments represent projects which are still under construction or not yet occupied, which thus have not yet produced permanent economic impacts. Short -Term impact Short-term construction impacts, however, are well under- way in many projects now under implementation, which DCWDC estimates have generated 568 employment man- years already. No estimates are available on local wage -tax revenues attributable to the construction phase of DCWDC- assisted projects. Assuming current millage and assessment rates, DCWDC's commercial and industrial investments are pro- jected to generate the following direct impacts in the first year following' project completions: 1020 in new or retained permanent jobs, $193,340 per annum in new wage tax reve- nues and $63,t)00 per annum in increased real property taxes. (See Figure 2.) In addition, DCWDC has pending $1.3 million in com- mercial/industrial development loans projected to attract another $9.3 million in new private investment. Direct im- pacts attributable to these pending investments are estimated to create an additional 460 permanent jobs, $120,800 per annum in new city wage taxes and $177,600 per annum in increased property -tax revenues. Finally, DCWDC also has invested $1.6 million in direct housing rehabilitation loans, '.hich has raised property taxes by $29,440 per annum. Pending home improvement and homestead loans would add another $1.5 million in direct loans with modest increases in property tax revenues. • Figure 2: COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS UNDER IMPLEMENTATION OR COMPLETED 'Project Name Funding Description Status/Note New Invest. merit Generated New Invest- ment Set In Place New Jobs Created or Retained Short. Term Jobs Created Per Annum City Wage Tax Generated Per Annum peal Property Tax Generated Courthouse Sq. 75,0001 Loans to three busi• nesses relocated from Courthouse Sq. renewal proj- ect Area. Loan proceeds applied to leasehold improvements. Loans dis- bursed. payments current. 75,000 75,000 26 3 5,460 1,500 Chaminade- Julien H.S. 61,000 Loan to Chaminade- Juiiene H.S. for land acquisition. clearance, land- scaping. Loan Repaid. 61,000 10,000 - - - - Dayton Forge 8 Heat Treating 160,000 Land acquisition in renewal area to accommodate industrial ex- pansion. Project coin- pleted. 2,000,000 1,840.000 300 46 63,000 36,800 Dayton Independ- ent Truckers 200,000 Loan to minority truck owners. op- erators to develop truck park. Fully disbursed. 432,000 400,000 60 • 4 _ 12,600 3,000 _ Alder Beerman Stores 1,000,0001 Loan to complete construction of . downtown dept. store. Loan committed 7,500,000 7,500,000 220 187 38,500 - Lucente Realty, Ltd. 30,000 Loan for con- struction of a tool and die shop. Loan disbursed. payments current 34,000 30,000 8 1 1,680 600 Riverview Cleaners 19,000 Second mortgage Loan for purchase improvement of a dry cleaning business. Loan closed 110,000 19,000 10 _ 1 1,750 - Riverview Medical Cir. 603,170 Loans tor con- struction and equipment acquisition. Loan disbursed 670,000 623,000 30 16 6,300 12,463 Stoutter's Dayton Plaza 465,000 Purchase lease- back of site for major downtown hotel Equity investment as general partner in partnership constructing the hotel. Construction to be completed. 9,000.000 8,800.000 300 220 52,500 - Sucher Site 160,000 Land acquired for future development. - - - - - - - OREGON COMMERCIAL RESTORATI9N LOANS , Antiques, Boutiques, Uniques 34,800 Restoration loan, Antique shop - Partially disbursed. 43.500 20,000 5 2 875 400 Barhorst- Grilliot, Inc. 35,000 Restoration loan. office and retailing. Fully disbursed. 50,000 30,000 i 15 1 2,625 600 Fifth St. Revival 35,000 Restoration loan, Boutique Arcade. Fully, disbursed. 50,000 • 50.000 11 3 1,925 1,000 Grammers 130,000 Land Acquisition .loan. Restaurant. Fully disbursed 700,000 600,000 , 100 17 17,500 . 14,000 Jay's Canal Sq. 220,000 Restoration loan, Restaurant. • Has Opened 295,000 235,000 35 20 6,125 4,700 Oregon Village Antique Emporium 8,000 Restoration loan. Antique Shop, Loan repaid. _ 8.000 8.000 - - - 160 TOTAL UNDER IM- PLEMENTATION OR COMPLETED 3,135,970 21,028,500 20.240.000 1,120 521 ' 210 840 75,223 1 8 Case Study #2: • Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp. The Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp. (PIDC) represents another variation of the quasi -public citywide development corporation, but has developed more along the lines of a close -working partnership between the area Chamber of Commerce and the City of Philadelphia. Since its incorporation in 1958 as a 501 (C) (3) corpora- tion, PIDC has served as a national model for industrial development agencies primarily due to its success with in- dustrial retention efforts. What follows is a brief summary of PIDC's basic activi- ties, an outline of its basic institutional structure, and a description of specific projects which have benefited from PIDC assistance. Primary Activities Land Banking Land banking has been a key PIDC activity since 1961, when the city created a special capital revolving fund valued at about $18 million, $9 million from a general obligation bond issue and the remainder from previous land sales. Called the "Industrial and Commercial Development Fund;' it is subject to the overview of the city's Commerce Depart- ment, but is administered by PIDC. All proceeds from the disposition of these land -banking assets are recycled back into the fund which, in turn, can finance new site acquisition and/or capital improvements. As administrator of the Commercial and Industrial Devel- opment Fund, PIDC can negotiate directly the final disposi- tion price of land -bank transfers and site improvement costs subject to approval from the city's director of commerce. This is an important function since it provides two attrac- tive inducements for private developers:(1) a readily -avail- able supply of land parcels at below -market values and (2) a capital improvements revolving fund which can be used to assist in covering site improvement costs on individual trans- actions. Thus, PIDC can negotiate a final disposition price which represents an attractive investment for potential developers. Since 1961, PIDC has improved and marketed more than 1100 acres of industrial and commercial properties through the city's land bank. Through 1974, the total value of these transactions was approximately $140 million, and indicates a high tumover relative to outstanding assets, now valued at $20 million. In addition, PI DC has entered into contracts for the mar- keting and development of 400 acres of urban renewal land assembled and transferred by the Philadelphia Redevelop- ment Authority. A cooperative arrangement between the authority and PIDC allows each organization to concentrate on its own speciality: the authority assembles and improves urban renewal sites and PIDC markets the land to private developers. Financial Assistance PIDC also has offered convenient financing terms through two financial affiliates —the Philadelphia Authority for In dustrial Development (PAID) and the PIDC Financing Corp. (PIDC•FC). Through PAID, created in 1967. firms can take advantage of 100 percent tax-exempt mortgage financing to acquire land and make plant/equipment investments. In addition, the Pennsylvania Industrial Development Authority (PIDA) extends low-cost second mortgage loans, through PIDC-FC, for terms of up to 25 years at current interest rates of 4 percent. From 1967 through 1974, more than 400 industrial and commercial property improvements valued at $280 million have been financed through PAID with tax-exempt mort- gages worth $242 million. Over the same period, PIDC-FC has channeled approximately $8.7 million worth of state PIDA loans to assist industrial developments worth $22.3 million. Prior to 1967, PIDC also sponsored directly $200 million in industrial development improvements of which $150 mil- lion to $ I60 million represented tax-exempt financing. (In 1967, an IRS ruling prohibited PIDC from pledging its general credit or assuming direct liabilities in any future transactions. For this reason, PIDC-FC was established as a legally separate corporation, but with the same officers and directors as PIDC) These financial assistance programs, combined with PIDC's readily available supply of land -bank holdings, have contributed a healthy growth in the city's employment and tax base since 1958. Thus, through the end of 1974, PI DC's combined financial incentives had assisted in more than 800 property transactions involving more than $500 million worth of project improvements., The number of permanent jobs created or retained by these investments totaled ap- proximately 100,000. Business Liaison Business liaisonand technical assistance are other PIDC activities mat have had much success. PIDC maintains cur- rent listings of vacant land -bank holdings which it holds for the city. In addition to these inventories, PIDC also keeps a listing of other significant, transferrable commercial and in- dustrial parcels which are privately -held throughout the city, a listing which is updated regularly in cooperation with local real estate brokers and dealers. More recently, PIDC has also initiated an annual survey of all industrial and commercial firms in the city which em- ploy more than 50 workers. The survey, which is mailed once a year, elicits general responses from employers re- garding present and future needs for plant expansion, space accommodations, transportation and utility improvements, manpower requirements and zoning changes. PIDC is aim- ing at a complete citywide survey of all such employers, with follow-up phone calls to improve coverage. 9 Organization and Powers Capital Revolving Funds Governing Board PIDC was incorporated in 1958 as a private, nonprofit 501 (C) (3) corporation governed by a 30-member board of directors appointed jointly by local public and private sectors. A I5-member executive board consists of eight business and industry representatives appointed by the pres- ident of the Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce and seven ex-vlicio representatives of city government. These city representatives include the mayor, city solici- tor, finance director, director of commerce, chairman of the City Planning Commission, president of the city council and the city's managing director. The remaining 15 members, nominated jointly by the Chamber president and the city's director of commerce, are approved by the full executive board. All PI DC directors serve one-year terms of office. Staffing and Budget . PIDC's administrative budget must be approved annually by the board. City council must approve the capital budget. together with any contributions the city makes toward ad- ministrative costs. A staff of 16 professionals currently includes a president with experience in local government planning and urban re- newal, formerly director of the Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority; an executive vice president with 16 years of background in marketing and sales, currently serving simul- taneously as administrator of the Philadelphia Food Distri- bution Center; a director of finance; a chief accountant; five industrial and commercial real estate marketing specialists: one full-time real estate broker, one civil engineer; two legal counsels: one marketing -advertising specialist; and two re- search statisticians. In addition to its own full-time staff, administrative ex- penses also cover fees for independent appraisers and audi- tors plus real estate commissions for independent brokers (limited to 6 percent). Settlement fees and taxes .must be reimbursed from an individual transaction proceeds and/or' the revolving fund. Most of PIDC's administrative costs are covered by pro- ceeds from property transactions, service fees (technically earned by PAID) on mortgages, interest on bank deposits, management fees and state operating grants. On all industrial transactions financed with PAID tax-exempt financing, a service fee of 0.5 percent is charged. computed on the monthly amortization costs. Service, fees on PAID commercial loans represent 1 per- cent of the monthly amortization payment. PIDC also re- ceives direct grants from the state under the Industrial Development Assistance Act and smaller contributions from the local Chambee of Commerce and city government. In 1974, a large portion of PIDC's administrative budget of almost $690,000 came from net sale and lease income ($137,385), service fees ($161,229), interest on time de- posits ($161,040) and state matching grants ($90,415). The cit) contributed $25,000 from its General Fund and the Chamber added 52500. Initial capital funding for the city's land -bank operations came in 1961 from two sources, an in -kind contribution of municipal properties, originally valued at $9 million, plus proceeds from a $9 million general obligation bond issued by the city. Since then, the fund has used interest rate differ- ential (on time deposits versus interest due the city) to repay portions of the GO loan. However, the city assumed primary liability for repayment of bond principal, and the revolving fund, in effect, has re- ceived a capital grant from the city. One of the more interesting features of the capital revolv- ing fund is the way it can provide fully -improved sites for industrial usage at a lower -than -market rate. PIDC's operat- ing agreement with the city stipulates only that land -bank disposition prices cover initial acquisition value, PIDC sale or lease costs, and those capital improvement costs which the director of commerce wants reimbursed to the fund. PIDC usually plays an important role in negotiatingdisposi- tion value. subject to approval from the director of commerce. As a non-profit 501 (C) (3) corporation, PIDC cannot dis- tribute any of its earnings to shareholders, but instead must re -invest all profits in new assets. This is not a particularly important limitation, however, since it does not prevent PIDC from profitable real estate transactions, or from in- vesting in short-term liquid assets. Before Federal Aid Compared to DCWDC, however, PIDC is somewhat more limited in its ability to engage in transactions which are not related directly to real estate development. PIDC's origins date to 1958, at which time flexible Federal block grants, such as Planned Variations, were not yet available for economic development purposes. Mostly for this reason, PIDC's operating agreement with the city is addressed specifically to real estate development and marketing, but does not extend to other forms of assist- ance, such as equity ventures, small business lending. work- ing capital loans or direct loan guarantees. Philadelphia does not allow PIDC to pass on local tax abatements on property it leases to private developers. Local government and business leaders tend to view such tax sub- sidies as less effective incentives than other forms of finan- cial assistance. Philadelphia Industrial Park Almost half of the 1100 acres which PIDC has improved and marketed since 1958 has been concentrated in the 650- acre Philadelphia Industrial Park. Over an eight -year period ending in 1972, PIDC has assembled, improved and mar- keted the entire tract, which was vacant, undeveloped, land - bank holdings. More than 75 firms have located in the park, which has attracted about $90 million worth of private investments, and generated 15,000 jobs and almost $8.5 million per an- num in wage and property taxes. (A recent study undertaken at the city's request indicated that the Philadelphia Indust:ial Park was netting the city almost $13,000 per acre a year in wage and property tax revenues.) 10 • WIrr • Case Study #3: Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp. Introduction The Pittsburg (California) Economic and Housing Devel- opment Corp. (PEHDC) was organized originally in 197I as a Model Cities neighborhood corporation. Since then, through several new agreements signed with the city, PEHDC has evolved into a quasi -public 501 (C r (3) cityw ide development agency with important legal and financial powers to promote housing, industrial and commercial development. • Pittsburg's current population is 27,000 and represents a growing portion of the county worktoree. ,\cording to a recent census projection, this will reach a million or well over half of the Contra Costa County le%el, within 50 years. Pittsburg is also diverse ethnically, with Italian, Spanish- speaking, Oriental and black minorities representing about 60 percent of city residents. Located in the heart of an industrial area approximately 40 miles northeast of San Francisco, Pittsburg is connected to the greater metropolitan area by major state freeways, rail links, Bay Area Rapid Transit and deepwater channels. Local manufacturers currently employ more than 6000 in the production of steel, paper. plastics, chemicals, liquified gas. construction goods and various Tight processing indus- trials. This compares to total county employ ment of 300,000. Organization and Powers Board of Directors PEHDC was first chartered in 1971 as a non-profit corpo- ration funded under the city's Model Cities program. with a board of directors subject to city council approval. Aside from the city's final approval, original by-laws governing the composition of its2_5-member board state only that the board should be "broadly representative of the community, with emphasis on the Model Neighborhood Area." As part of its transition from a Model Cities corporation, PEHDC recently has amended its by-laws and entered into a new contract with the city. Seven positions on the board still will be subject to city council approval when current terms expire, but replacements will be nominated by the board of directors. The remaining 18 seats will be nominated and approved by the board as the current members' terms expire. Board membership now is allotted specifically to repre- sentatives of local business, labor and minority groups from throughout the city, distributed as follows: labor and crafts — six (including at least three minorities); business and profes- sions-15 (including at least six minorities); general non- managerial —three (including at least two minorities); -and a Citizen's Advisory Council representative. No ex-officio city officials or government agencies are included on the board. Terms of office for directors are three years and are stag- gered to prevent a turnover of more than nine members in any single year. Nine directors also constitute a legal quorum for conducting business, except in emergencies, when as few as six directors may take action on behalf of the whole board. Directors annually elect PEHDC's five officers, including a president, two vice presidents —one for economic devel- opment and one for housing —a secretary and a treasurer. Any officer or employe of the corporation is subject to re- moval at the discretion of the board. Staffing and Administration PEH DC's staff operates outside of the city's civil service and includes an executive director. an economic develop- ment specialist, a housing director, an administrative assist- ant assigned to the housing mortgage subsidy program and an office manager/housing counselor. The executive director, formerly employed by the local Chamber of Commerce, is a long-time resident of Pittsburg with a BA in business communications. The economic de'. el- opment director worked with the San Francisco Develop- ment Corp.. has an MBA and currently coordinates SBA 502 projects and industrial park development. The economic development specialist concentrates on facilitating SBA guarantees for private lending and has a business and profes- sional accounting background. Administrative expenses are set forth in PEHDC's annual budget, separate from several other capital funds it also man- ages. Once the budget is approved, PEHDC is allowed to make transfers between several capital accounts and its administrative fund to satisfy cash -flow needs. To date, however, PEHDC has operated entirely within its allotted administrative budget and has not yet subsidized any of its office expenses with capital funds. The 1975 administrative costs totaled roughly $158,000, a cut back from previous levels funded under larger Model .Cities grants. Most of the cut backs were confined to a re- duction in housing consulting fees. Capital Funds Capitalization for PEHDC has come mostly from Model Cities and CDBG grants appropriated through the city bud- get. (Like Dayton Citywide, PEH DC operates several capi- tal revolving funds which are legally part of the city budget, but which are actually managed directly by the corporation.) From 1971 through 1975, PEHDC received more than $2.2 million in grant funds and anticipates another $760.(X)0 through FY77. Currently, capital funds include $2.5 million in gross assets, of which $1.2 million represents net equity holdings. 11 Legal Restrictions Projects and Performance PEHDC is not limited under IRS codes or California's General .Non-profit Corporation Law, except for the re- quirement that its earnings must revert to the corporation rather than to shareholders. Unlike municipal corporations. which are severely restricted by the state, PEHDC's activi- ties are not hampered by any constitutional statute. Instead, those few limitations which do apply to PEHDC reflect Federal regulations governing the city's use of Model Cities and CDBG monies. PEHDC's contract agreement with the city, for example, prohibits any use of contract funds as capital grants versus loans or investments. As shown below, this does not prevent use of funds as interest subsidies or loan payment deferrals. SBA Ceilings To the extent that PEHDC sponsors loans through its SBA 502 affiliate, it is also subject to certain SBA regular tions. These limitations place ceilings of $350.000 on in- dividual project loans and prohibit working capital loans, public landhanking. and loans for public acquisition of idle plant facilities. PEHDC has not been hampered significantly by these restrictions. however, since SBA has provided direct work- ing capital loans to many firms in the area and since CDBG funds are available for land banking. The city has added a few of its own requirements and in- corporated these into PEHDC's latest contract. For in- stance, PEHDC's equity investments in economic develop- ment projects may not exceed 50 percent of project cost and must he accompanied by a divestiture agreement pegged to the profitability of the venture. This stipulation is intended more as a protection to firms which cannot afford large debt interest costs and which need to lover their debt -to -equity ratios. As stated in PEHDC's contract, "Equity funds will he used to capitalize individual projects with conservative debt -to -equity ratios." Powers and Tools Among the economic development tools which PEHDC may use are: • loan guarantees • interest subsidies • interest and principal deferrals • linked deposit private lending arrangements • debt financing • equity investments • real estate development In addition, PEHDC is allotted certain technical assist- ance functions, including: • market feasibility studies • loan servicing (including SBA 502 loans) • management assistance Although this list of investment and technical assistance functions is supposed to be inclusive, it still leaves consid- erable flexibility to PEHDC. Terms such as "real estate develtlpment" and "debt financing." for instance, have been interpreted to include potentially property tax subsidies provided by PEHDC. subordinated leasing. installment sales, lease -hacks. and financial mortgage leases, subject to the city's approval. 12 PEHDC has facilitated more than $2.3 million worth of construction underway or already completed in Pittsburg. with an estimated permanent employment gain of more than 200 jobs and a per annum property tax increase of $71,336. Another $419,000 in direct SBA working capital loans has been made available to more than 80 small business enterprises. In addition. another $1.3 million in construction financing is in the planning stage, with a projected property tax gain of $38.491. Of the total investment underway, $1.3 million represents SBA 502 loans sponsored through PEHDC's financial affili- ate, the Los Medanos Fund. Usually, PEHDC provides up to 10 percent of loan value, with SBA and local financial institutions providing the balance. The Los Medanos Fund is minority controlled and has been quite successful in ob- taining low interest financing from SBA. A description of projects financed directly by PEHDC or through the Los Medanos Fund follows: Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp.: Major Projects 502 Lending (Through Los Medanos Fund) Kep's Ace Hardware Construction of a 6000-square-foot hardware store for the expansion of an existing business. The project cost totaled 5100,438. The business employs four people. Big-O-Tire Co. Construction of a 4000-square-foot retail tire store fora new business. An unsightly gas station was demolished on the site at l5th and Railroad. The project cost totaled $100,000, The business employs eight people. James Scott, Attorney -at -Law Construction of a 2700-square-foot office building to be used as attorney's offices. The project cost totaled $140.146. The business employs six people. Prima Donna Cake Box Construction of a 3600-square-foot bakery and coffee shop for the expansion of an existing business. The project cost totaled $172,000. The business employs 17 people. Taylor Rental Center Constriction of two buildings v.hich total 7000 square feet. The buildings will he the location of a nev equipment rental busines. The project cost totaled $141,750. The business employ s three people. Mariposa Professional Building Construction of two buildings which will total 7000 square feet, The building will provide offices for three dentists, an orthodontist and optometrist. The project cost will total $450,000. The business will employ 20 people. Merit Ends, Inc. Purchase and rehabilitation of four buildings totaling 36,000 square feet to allow the expansion of a metal stamping busi- ness. The project cost totaled $228,000. The business em- ploys 22 people. Other Projects The Los Medanos Fund is currently working on six projects which range from a metal fabricating business which requires approximately 7000 square feet to a waterfront restaurant which would require 11,000 square feet. If the above projects are completed as expected, an addi- tional $1,262,000 in new construction would result. Industrial Development (PEHDC & City) Los Medanos Industrial Center In early 1975, PEH DC completed the development of the 21-acre Los Ntedanos Industrial Center. The center has all public improvements complete. Utilities and water have been installed in each parcel. An industrial association has been established to control development standards and main- tain landscaped areas. The total investment in the project from both private and public sources is S690,1 10. Multi -Purpose Facilities PEH DC has constructed three multi -purpose facilities which total 48,160 square feet at a total cost of $527,017. Presently, I 1 .tenants are renting 30,000 square feet of in- dustrial space. Of the II businesses, seven are new to the City of Pittsburg. Sale of Land PEHDC sold one parcel of land to the Siemons Family which has constructed a 14,000-square-foot building on the site. The building currently is the location of three busi- nesses, all of which are new to the City of Pittsburg. P. E. O'Hair Co. The P. E. O'Hair Co. is a large wholesale piping supply company which has a number of locations in Northern California. PEHDC staff spent considerable time with real estate brokers who represented the company. The company eventually selected a site at Loveridge Road and the Free- way and is currently developing a facility. U.S. Farmers Home Administration PEH DC spent considerable time working with the FaHA in attempts to generate grants and loans for industrial projects within the City of Pittsburg. After preliminary work was completed, City of Pittsburg staff assumed responsibility for the'completion of the project. Small Business Technical Assistance Interviews: PEHDC has interviewed 199 clients who were in need of either technical or financial assistance, Interviews have fallen into the following categories: 1975 1. Retail 69 2, Contracting 20 3. Service 64 4. Manufacturing 16 5. Restaurant/Bar 19 6. Entertainment 11 199 Services: PEH DC has provided services to 80 clients, Serv- ices have fallen into the following broad categories: I975 I. Loan Packaging 31 2. Organization/Management/Accounting 9 3. General Information 28 4. Location Assistance I2 80 Loans Generated: As a result of PEHDC loan packaging activities, 20 small business working capital loans were approved. A total of $419,340 in loan proceeds has been generated. Conclusions It is an interesting historical note that quasi -public EDCs often have evolved from earlier community development programs initially funded under HUD Model Cities and Planned Variations grants. Many of the EDCs which trace their origins to these programs —such as DCWDC or PEHDC to administer housing programs and loan funds, in addition to their economic development programs. Secondly, quasi -public EDCs have been established which apparently combine administrative autonomy and more flexible development tools with a greater degree of local public accountability than was experienced in earlier urban redevelopment programs. In light of the continuing concern over how to balance these distinct goals —profes- sional efficiency, effective development capability and local accountability —quasi -public EDCs appear to offer much potential to local development practitioners. Quasi -public EDCs may prove to be convenient mecha- nisms for improving local coordination of neighborhood with citywide economic development priorities. Partial institu- tional autonomy may allow EDCs to provide technical as- sistance for the formulation of sound neighborhood and city- wide development strategies and to respond to distinct neighborhood and citywide constituencies. 13 Bibliography City of Pittsburg, Calif.: Pittsburg Economic and Hous- ing Development Corp.: Fourth Year Progress Report (Pittsburg: 1975) Citywide Development Corp. of Dayton, Ohio, Annual Report 1974 (Dayton: 1975) Conley, Gary, Attracting Private Participation in Urban Redevelopment: An Analysis of the Cost Effectiveness of Public Incentives for Involving the Private Sector in Inner City Renewal, American Institute of Planners conference paper (Washington: 1975) Penne, R. Leo, and Ryan, Sharon, Managing Urban Decline: An Urban Conservation Report from Dayton, Nation's Cities (Washington: March. 1975) Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp., Annual Report /974 (Philadelphia: 1975) Schneider. William, Direct Intervention in the Develop- ment Process: A Case Studv of the Citywide Development Corp. of Dayton, Ohio, American Institute of Planners conference paper (Washington: 1974). LEGAL DOCUMENTS Articles of Incorporation Office of the Secretary of State of California. Articles of Incorporation of the Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp. (Chartered Oct. 28. 1975) Office of the Secretary of State of Ohio, Articles of In- corporation of Citywide Development Corp., Dayton. Ohio (Chartered Oct. 4, 1972) Prothonotary's Office, County of Philadelphia, Articles of Incorporation of Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp., Philadelphia, Pa. (Chartered Dec. 17, 1957) As amended March 4. 1968 By -Laws Citywide Development Corp., By -Laws: Citywide De- velopment Corp. (Adopted by Board of Trustees, May 21, 1973, and revised Feb. 25, 1974) Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp., Amended By -Laws of Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp. (As amended by Board of Directors, March, 1976) Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp., By -Laws of the Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp. (As amended March 19, 1968) 14 City Ordinances and Operating Agreements Clerk's Office, Dayton City Commission, Agrecrent Between the City of Dayton, Ohio, and the Citywide De- velopment Corp.: Work Program, (Enacted Nov. 11, 1974) Chief Clerk's Office, Philadelphia City Council, Ordi- nance 1048. An Agreement Among the City of Philadelphia, the Philadelphia Authority Jilt. Industrial Development and the Philadelphia industrial Development Corp. (Enacted April 25, 1974) Clerk's Office, Pittshurg City Commission, Agreement Between the City of Pittshurg and the Pittshurg Economic and Housing Development Corp. (Enacted Dec. I. 1975) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We also wish to thank the following individuals for the valuable insights they have provided the National Council for Urban Economic Development. Richard Beyer, Executive Director Pittsburg Economic and Housing Development Corp. P.O. Box 1397 Pittsburg, Calif. 94565 (4151439-1056 Dan Boyce, Director Milwaukee Economic Development Corp. . P.O. Box 324 Milwaukee, Wisc. 53201 (414) 278-2690 William Schneider, Erectility Director . Gary Conley, Assistant Director Citywide Development Corp. 40 West 4th St., Rm. 910 Dayton, Ohio 45402 (512) 226-0457 Walter D'Ales.sio, Executive Vice President Michael J. Dougherty, Vice President Albert Lutz, Director, Program Financing Philadelphia Industrial Development Corp. One East Penn Square Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 (2141568-8370 David Reed, Executive Director New Haven Development Corp. 157 Church Street New Haven. Conn. 06508 (203) 436-3050 * This NCUED- applied research is supported by a grant from the Office of Technical Assistance, the Economic Development Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce. The Information Service is a project of the NCUED research program, Victor A. Mustier, director. This report was prepared by Barbara Kates. The report was edited by Michael Segel. 15 • L. Motional Council For Urban Economic Development Ittomlation Service 1730 K Street, N.W. Washington. D.C. 20006 Postmaster: Dated material Please move Nonprofit Org, U.S. POSTAGE PAID PERMIT No. 46272 Washington, D.C. National Council For Urban Economic Development James E: Peterson, Executive Director 1730 K Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20006 202/223-4735 The National Council for Urban Economic Development is a non-profit. non -partisan, tax-exempt organization which links public and private efforts in local assistance, communications, pragmatic research. and professional interchange. CUED is currently supported by membership fees and dues as well as grants and contracts from the Economic Development Administration of the U. S. Department of Commerce and the U S Department of Housing and Urban Development. MIL MEI • FINAL REPORT ON THE FINANCI^L ASSISTANCE PRDGRAN FOR THE OFFICE OF TRAM AND COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT MIAMI, FLORIDA SEPTE BER 27, 1979 PREPARED BY NATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES CORPORATION 1 1 a a a TN3I,E OF cnN INNS PAR ONE Page Chapter I - Introduction and Background 1 Chapter II - Stu mtiary 3 P. 'Basic Approach/Assunptions 3 B. highlights and Peconu mdations 5 C. Inplenentation Prospects/Transition 7 D. Benefits to the City 7 m PAM 'IWO TILE ECONOMIC DEVELOPRIl N PLsI''INI? G, PT JG AMMtNG AND MNNAOEi1 zr SYSTEM Chapter III - I)�finition of Need/Current Economic Davclopient Agencies and Activities 9 T. Definition of Need 9 B. Overview of Existing Public Economic Developrrent Programs and Activities 21 C. Overview of Fxist.ing Private or. Comrnnlity Economic Developrrent Organizations 23 aiapter IV - Policy Franevork 27 A. Program Objectives 27 B. Criteria for Venture Selection 29 C. Criteria for Neighborhood Selection 31 D. The Pole of the Miami Developrrent Corporation in the Overall. Developrrent Program of Miand. 32 E. Strategy 33 Chapter V - Opportunity Identification ' 34 Chapter VI - Program Plan/Mix -- Action Program 36 Program Plan - T.ction Program. Chart Chapter VII - t‘bnitoring and Evaluation - 39 . A. Measuring Performance 39 B. tibasurinq Benefits 39 C. Measurentnt of Cost and Cost-Effectiwness 40 t s 1 1 l i Page PART THREE; THE PROPOSED MIAMI DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION (MDC) Chapter VIII - Organizational Structure 41 A. Proposed Organizational Structure 41 Sample Articles of Incorporation Sample By -Laws Sanple Contract with City for Professional Services B. Capability: Personnel Raquirenents —Functions 45 Organizational Chart Sanple Job Descriptions Chapter IX - Financial resources 49 A. Sources of Funds 49 B. Operating Budget -- Chart 49 C. Support Mcchanians 50 D. Venture -Capital Funds 52 Chapter X - Catalog of Develolmant Programs 53 PART FOUR Chapter XI - Letting Started - Plan and Schedule 54 Chapter XII - Attorney's letter -Pau], randy & Bailey • CIIAP'IER I PPA.M' ONE BWIADDI CI'ION AND I3ACKGROUND Q IAP`I`ER II - SUfm 1 1 1 1 1 s a .1 CIIAP`IER I - INTPODUCII:cn AND BACKGROUND The following report has been written in accordance with our Proposal dated DeceMber 8 and Contract between the City of Miami and National Urban Dnveloperent Services Corporation (NUDSC) dated June 29, 1979. It is based on the "Approach to the Project" and the "Project Scope of Work" contained in our proposal. That "Scrape of Work" identified three major tasks to be accomplished: Task I: "Identify Development Needs and Opportunities," which covered: - Definition of problem and need - Policy franework - Identification of development opportunities - Program plan and program mix Task II: "Analyze and Identify Staff and Financial Requirements and Availability," which covered: - Staff capabilities - Financial requirements - Finance sources Task III: "Create an Organizational Entity for Program Implementation," which covered: - Analysis of existing economic develoI- it nt organizations and agencies - Analysis of local considerations in creation of quasi -public development entity and recommendations on the implementation organization. a L a In keeping with the Scope of Work, the staff of MIC6C visited Miami on seven occasions during the months of June, July, August, and September and worked with key officials of the Office of Trade and Commerce Development (cfrCD) at great length. It also net and consulted with representatives of related city departments and representatives of a .large number of public, private, and oormrunity institutions and anencies involved in the economic life of th.. city (a List of these institutions and their_ representatives is attached).. On two occasions we also net with the Project Manager?ent Connittee and reported to them on the status and progress of our work under the contract. The report is organized in four major parts as follows: Part One which contains Chapter I - Introduction and Chapter II- SuniTaty. Part Two, the Economic development, planing, programing, and management system contains Chapters III through VII. . Part Three, the proposed Miami Dewlopnent Corporation (MDC), , contains chapters VII_l, IX, and X. Part Four, Lrplementing the program and organization, contains Chapters XI and XII. 1 1 i 1 a i 1 1 0 CITY OF M.IAMI: LIST OF MEE I'INC} AND CONSULTATIONS Institution/Agency Representative Departnent of Trade and Commerce Julio Castano Tony Crapp Jose Hernandez City Planning Department James Reid Michael Levinson Department of Community Devel.oprrent Delia Spillman Assistant City Manager for !)2' lopnent Richard Foesman CY11IF : National Eoononu.c Development Association Urban League Universal Financial Services, M[SBIC (on phone) SI3CC' Marta Marcelin Contractors Training & De�eloprient, Inc. Velva Ransom Greater Washington Heights CDC Jackie Bell, Little River Commerce Association Annette Eisenberg .Downtown Development Authority J. Kenneth Lipner Chamber of Commerce Lester Fzeern n L.W. L1etelyn Southeast First National Bank Mario Angulo Total. Bank Anthony Lopez Republic National Bank Ectore Reynaldo Project Management Comnittee Daryl Cosner. Gerald Engel David Rosen Burton Landy George Moton Henry Givens Paul, Landy and l3eiiey Miami -Dade C ivir ber. of Camerae. Small Business Administration Mario Arus Stanford Williamson Bernard Rappaport • 1 a a1Arn R I:[ -- SUPUTARY A. BASIC APPROAC71/ASSUMPTIONS As indicated in our proposal, our approadi to the project was predicated on a nunber of key assumptions: 1. Developing a comprehensive financial assistance program and organization structure to implement it as specified in the request for proposal should. be based upon and be part of a conprehensive citywide economic and business development process. 2. Me 'financial assistance program and organization structure should be placed in the larger .framework of an economic and business development strategy for the city. 3. The basis for our recommendations with respect to the nature and scope of the proposed financial assistance program and structure would be the program plan and mix to be developed by the organization. Further, as we proceeded on the project the following additional asstnptions were developed. 4. The role and. function of the Office of Trade and Comreroe Developutnt (O'1'CD) , (now having Departmental status) would be . substantially expanded to cover business development and financial packaging as well as the marketing and promotion function hid it had been concentrating on. 5. The economic developTent planning function would be delegated to and carried out by the Planning Department, working in close collaboration with O'ICD and the proposed MX'. 3 i• 6. The new entity would provide highly professional business development capabilities and financial resources on a centralized basis not now available in the City of Miami and in the various organizations involved in related and similar work. 7. The program of the proposed organization would be based on a broad set of parameters providing business development and financial services to minorities (Cubans and blacks), small and medium- sized businesses, and encouraging broader participation in the larger projects being developed in daArnto n Miami. 8. It would be based on an economic development management system which would provide a prioritized, quantified, scheduled and balanced program plan and mix and a quantified and scheduled basis for measuring performance and benefits. 9. Organizationally, it would start with a small staff and budget, using soue of the staff of the present arc Commercial . Services Unit. 10. Its structure would be a private quasi -public organization, on contract with the City of Miami to provide business development, financial assistance, commercial revitalization and technical assistance services. 11. It would try to maximize the utilization and leveraging of local and federal ' resources and programs. 12. It would tie in with and provide.business development and financial assistance services to existing local organizations, neighborhood and community agencies, etc. 13. It would work closely with the Private Sector leadership in the City, including banks, Chamfer. of Comreroe, etc. 4 13. r1 3 AND ttl ;CX)MMI ;NI)1 P I.C'J;=; The report describes a plan to organize the Miami Dewlopnt_nt Corporation (t'IDC) by building on and expanding the functions of OTC and broadening its capabilities. The highlights of our -recommendations axe: 1. The plan would provide the City of Miami with a quasi -public organization, The Miami Development Corporation (1 C) , chartered as a private non-profit coiiuration, and give it the legal ' basis bo conduct economic and business developnent programs which the city is not now Going. 2. It would also provide the capability for "packaging" various financial tools and support mechanisms ncxa }ring successfully used in other cities for business development, ea -triunity development, neighborhood revitalization, etc., and tie these capital resources to city incentives to ms.x mize the public Leveraging of private sector investment. 3. The objectives of the new organization, listed in detail elsewhere in the report, would -include: * The development of a broad job retention and creation program, through citywide business development and neighborhood revitalization programs including international and downtown projects, etc. * 1Thie provision of basic goods and services to the central city and its neighborhoods, which market studies show are not now being adequately served. 5 t• a ib * The development of a program of. Technical and Management expertise and services on an on -going basis to maintain the economic viability of inner city businesses and neighborhoods. 4. To achieve these objectives, the organization will carry out work programs in three (3) major program areas: (1) Business Development and Financial Packaging, (2) Neighborhood Commercial Revitalization, and (3) Technical and Managenment Services. It is also planned to concentrate on larger ventures so that total financings in the first year are expected to total approximately $4,250,000. 5. The proposed organization, while privately incorporated, will be controlled by and closely related to the activities and personnel of the OTaJ and will provide the services indicated tinder a single "Delegate Agency" contract arrangement with the city. The Board of Directors will be composed of representatives of city departments and major business and banking resources. 6. Me organization will be headed by Tlhny Crapp,Sr. and will have a staff of six professionals operating under Jose Hernandez as Executive Director; it will include an experienced business development manager, . three professional business developers and a financial officer. 7. The financial resources of the MJC will b9 provided mainly from ConTtn1nity Development Block Grant (C)I3G) funds but will also rely on private investments where appropriate and available. 6 8. It is expected that the f..in st year's administrative costs will. be $24].,400 and that the first year's venture capital requirements will be $700,000. C. IMI?LE1131F . `Ict Pr SPBCI'S/TR)'NSITICN In recontrending the above program and organizational structure, we believe that there are excellent prospects for achieving successful results from the new program. While there are some legal questions remaining to be clarified, to believe there could be an easy expansion and transition of the cur. Lunt activities and programs of CTPCD to the new oryanizationi. The program plan and mix showing 32 packages, amounting to $4,250,000 and the other related neighborhood commercial revitalization and technical assistance activities represent a conservative and nodest beginning that we believe can be achieved in the first year of operation, making alla..rances for two or three months of early organizational and start-up activities. In this connection, we have indicated strongly that the key element required to guarantee the success of the new organization would be tlhe =potence and expertise of the staff. This suggests the inportance of very careful recruiting and orientation of highly professional and expert individuals for the open positions in the organization. D. BENEFITS TO THE CITY The tw jor benefit to the city is that the new program and organization will provide the City of Miami and its people with business development and financial assistance services and capabilities not now available. In so doing, it would bring to Miami the benefits of millions of dollars of ■ 1 1 a federal resources and guarantees that the city is entitled to but not getting (Sl3T\ and MA loans and grants, for example). Further, it could be a major factor in the identification and financing of many opportunities not ncaa being addressed, enlarging the economic pie and the range of beneficiaries who participate in the economic life of the city. The program plan has been so organized that a large percentage of the packages -- approximately 60 percent -- would be minority enterprises; another large segnent -- 25 percent -- some overlapping, would be concentrated in two proposed neighborhood commercial revitalization programs. Relatively smaller segments, ranging from 10 to 15 percent each, would be devoted to international, downtam, and large project participations. An effort has been made to .balance the proposed program mix so that a maxi_rm.an of jobs and improvement of the city tax base would result. rest important from the city's standpoint, we believe, is that it would benefit substantially from its funding of the $240,000 administrative costs, through the multipliers flowing from the over $4 million in financings planned for the first year. 8 1 1 1 31 PAR 'I�•d0 The Economic Ivoloprnent Planning, Programming and Managenrrft System a IAPTER III - DEFINITION OF Ni'ED/C'URPENT ECONOM ..0 DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES_ AND ACTIVITTP:S C71N ER IV - POLIC '' FRAMEWORK CHAPTER V - OPPORTUNITY IDENTIFICATION CI IAVFER , VI - PLAN/MIX - ACTION PPOGRAiti1 CHAPTER 'VII - I`UNI'IORING AND EVALUATION 31 a JA IER III - Dt;F 1:NI'I.'ICV OF NIED/CURT a IT EC OMtC DINTI1 OI..1ENT 11C NCIES AND ACTIVITIES A. DEFINITION OF NEED In orcler to structure an effective financial assist-ance entity to support clevL..lotxn nt in a location, it is essential to know the nature of financing which is likely to be required. We have analyzed various- elements in the Miami economy and have considered the ,basic character of the project in the planned program mix in order -to determine what the required or desired forms of financial support are Likely to be required over the next several years. rib rmike this determination of probable financing requirements,. are haw analyzed local reports, institutions, and programs and from that analysis have identified a range of specific 'project opportunities and project types which will require scare form of financing to complete, and which could benefit from the financial incentives or support mechanisms which the city is cnntenplating creating. The sources of information upon which this analysis is based are the following: - A group of planning studies prepared by or for the Miami Planning Department and/or the Office of Economic Developrtnt Coordination (Dade County), y) , which tarcaet on certain areas or projects. - The Miami CoirprehensiN.e Neighborhood Plan (1976-1986) prepared for the City of Miami by a group of institutions and - consultants. 9 I 1 - Program areas, opportunit.if�s, or project tyrcs which are not currently being addressed but which we trlieve warrant consideration as program options. In this section we will summarize the information obtained from the aunt sources, enphasizing the specific projects or project types identified in or implied by these programs, and the' nature of the financing support which is likely to be required. We will conclude this section with an overall summary of the various forms Of financial st.rpport: which could be required or desirable in the new entity. 1. Analysis of Planning Studies This section reviews various planning studies prepared by or for the Miami Planning Department or the Of floe of gnomic D eloprnent Coordination of Dade County for projects or project areas. a) i'dlapattah Conurercial Fevitalization Area C'-A-neral Strategy 1) General Strategy To promote the diversification and expansion of commercial and business establishments in the All apatt a h business district. 2) Specific Projects or Project 'Types - Expansions of locally awned small business establishments, particularly c n mmrcial' establishments. - Upgrading building exteriors - Pelocating specific businesses to create a more unified cone ercial area with more effective organization of space. - Attraction of major retail anchor such as discount variety or general merchandise store. 10 3) Financing or De elc vment Support 1ay_Iuired - Long term fixed asset financing to support expansion of locally owned stores and development of a major anchor store. - Financing for storefront improvements. - h'tcrdlandise and inventory loans to strengthen product nix and to support store expansion. b) Bisc*Te Boulevard 1) General Strategy ' - Secondary office development at a lower rental cost than CBD, with the goal of developing 500,000 square feet by 1985. - Condominium residential development - Reuse/conversion of obsolete motels - Fill existing vacant office buildings -- seven buildings with 100,000 square feet vacant. 2) Specific Projects or Project Types - Office or residential structures on sites now occupied by obsolete hotels. - Commercial establishments within nixed -use developments. 3) Financings or Development Support 1bciuired - Land assembly and moderate write down - Interest rate reductions through tax exempt financing (could eliminate the need for write dawn) . - Individual business loans for commercial occupants of mixed use development. a i a ,r 1 - Packaging assistance c) CULI'E12 (Overtewn-Dorsey-Wheatley) 1) General Strategy - Revitalize the commercial areas and residential neighborhoods. - Direct the peripheral development from the government center, garment enter., and New Tuan_to benefit existing residents and businesses. 2) Specific Projects or Project types - Light industrial and industrial service development., - Convenience retail and general rrerdrandise stores (food, drugs, hardware, clothing) . 3) Financing or Development Support Required - Long term fixed asset financing for light industrial and commercial development. - Inventory and working capital loans for retail businesses. - Assistance in land assembly and writedowns. - Packaging assistance. d) Garuent Center 1) General Strategy - Preserve employment base represented by garment manufacturers and traders. - Create separate zones for manufacturing/warehousing and wholesale/retail, and encourage the expansion of both groupings. 12 a A 11 2) Specific Projects or Project Type:3 - Expansions of individual manufacturing warehousing and distributional operations, with particular emphasis on warehousing and distribution. - Development of an attractive clustering of sales offices and showrooms for both retail and wholesale customers. 3) Financing or Development Support Pequired - Fixed. asset and working capital financing for industrial expansion. - Peal estate financing for central sales and display area. e) Little Havana Devitalization Areas 1) CPneral Strategy To stabilize the oonverciat area, expand its range of services for the local residential community, and begin capitalizing on its unique nature as a tourist attraction. 2) Specific Projects or Project Types - Improvements in physical conditions and inventory levels for small, locally weed stores. - Attraction of large employment generating facilities in the surrounding areas as a way of attracting younger residents to the neighborhoods. 3) Financing or Development Support Bequi.red - Small convercial loans for inventory' and physical improvements. - Industrial development incentives far surrounding areas. - Packaging and operational technical assistance. 11 f) Little-Ri.vLr. 1) General Strategy Stabilization and revitalization of the wmnercial area. 2) . Specific rro jects or Project Typos - Upgrading store exteriors to the design standards - New store cdevelopntnt to fill vacant spaces. - Conversion of vacant office space to alternate uses. 3) Financing or Development Support Required - Financing for storefront inpixn.nents. - Merchanclise and im.ntory loans to strengthen product' mix and for new stores. - Packaging assistance. 2. Miami Comprehensive Neighlorhood Plan (1976-1986) This technical report, prepared for. the City of Miami by a group of economic and planning consultants • is the basis for much of the city's ecrInouic development progranming outside of dc,:mtown. Part of the report deals with the areas and programs analyzed above, and in such cases the analysis will not be repeated. As in previous analyses, this will analyze the referenced docinLnt to .identify specific projects or project types which might benefit from a financial or develoi!rent support mechanism. a) Neighborhood Commercial Devitalization In addition to 1\llapattah, Little Havana, Little River, and Overtown, other areas targeted for. possible Neighborhood Connercial Revitalization include Northwest 36th Street (Wynwcxxl) and Coral Way (Coconut Grove) . It appears that the needs within these areas are similar to those in other convercial revitalization areas, and include: 1.4 1 a 1 1) Smaller commercial loans t:r expand invrmLories and undertake minor physical improvements. 2) Fixed asset financing for expansions and new store development. b) Industrial Development Under the category of industrial development will be grouped manufacturing and "heavy" service activities such as trucking, warehousing, equipment repair and other industrial services. The strategy calls 'for development in several identified locations and within certain specialty categories. The industrial type projects being proposed'include: 1) C,1L1ent Center (described in A-4) . 2) Mixed use commercial marine facility along the Miami River in the Allapattah district, which might include a seafood market. 3) I :use of the Florida East Coast (EEC) rail yards for heavy industry. Industrial development generally requires financing support of larger amounts per individnat business than does oomu«:rcial development. FurtherLlure, projects such as the conversion of FEC rail yards will likely. require significant amounts of public investment for infrastructure and land preparation. Financial or development support which would be beneficial in stimulating thus. industrial development would be: - Long term fixed asset financing for construction or renovation of buildings and for heavy equipment. - Infrastructure support,'sudz as land clearance and preparation, installation of utilities and transportation for industrial parks. 15 3 ••a 1 - Tax abatements, land write-±M 1, and other di.rrrt operating subsidies. 3. Program areas for Future Consideration Based on our analysis of the Miami economy, we believe there are development opportunities or program areas which are no.z in the future. Since the financial assistance entity will be an on -going activity, to the extent possible it is advisable to anticipate its future as well as present functions. Obviously it is not possible to anticipate all future ecnnomic development programs or activities. Nevertheless, based on our brief period of involvement with Miami, we believe sone future programs will require financial assistance or related services. a) fx .nto'rn Infili Development The Central. Business District of Miami is currently experiencing a building boom of high-rise office, oennercial, residential, and hotel development. However, the locations for these buildings are scattered throughout an area of approximately 30-40 blocks. In many . cases, smaller and older buildings stand between those towers, representing a blighting influence on the downtown. Other cities experiencing a similar phenomenon are beginning to consider downtown revitalization programs which concentrate on restoration of these older buildings. It is likely that in the next several years, Miami will also begin to consider programs to upgrade the older downtown buildings. 1.6 t The principal financing need in such cases is for long -teen, fixed asset financing. Dbdernization of the typical older downtown building of from three to ten stories (20,000 square feet to 100,000 square feet) would cast in the range of $300,000-$2,500,000. If the package also involves a purchase of the building, the total financing requirements would be considerably higher. In addition to the requirements to upgrade properties, additional assistance may be required for the development of operating businesses, particularly ground -floor retail. In such situations, the financing needs are likely to be short-term financing of fixtures, inventory, and working capital. b) International Trade Development Miami is rapidly becoming a center for servicing the large Latin American trade market. This market is being served in two ways: shipments of products from throughout the United States to buyers in Latin American locations, and purchase of oonsumer goods by Latin American consumers traveling to Miami. This market is already a strong element in the Miami economy, and has the potential for becoming even stronger. Support of this growth from a financial assistance entity could happen in several ways: 1) Creation of manufacturing businesses to produce export products for the Latin American market. 2) Development of specialty retail sales areas which cater to the Latin American consumer traveling to Miami. 17 3) Expansion of the ex ort--related professional services such as cbcun>ent processing, letters of credit, licensing, etc; as well as logistical support such as warehousing, trucking, and port facilities. In many cases the nature of the financial assistance required - to stimulate this development is no different than that which is required to develop domestic manufacturing or ret-ail activities: However, the entity may consider designing specialized technical services oriented toward assisting locally owned minority and small businesses in capturing a share of this export market. SUMN,BY: Financing Requirements Indicated for Miami. Citywide Development Programs The above analysis has identified a set of financial incentives and technical services which would support the implementation of specific. projects or development programs in the City of Miami. This section extracts from that analysis the specific types of financial incentives and services needed in the Miami economic development program. Reference will be made to Chapter X of this document; Catalog of Federal, State and Local Incentives, to indicate in specific tern, had the Miami Development Corporation will bring the required services or assistance to specific development packages. 18 ■ 1 a a 1 LONG TERM, FIXED ASSET FINANCING Where Required: To Finance Light industrial Development, Real Estate development. and Revitalization, Warehousing Sources: SBA 502 (LI)C)* - for amounts in the range of $50,000 - $ 500, 000. l:l)A Title I, 11 , IV* - Cor amounts in the range_of $500, 000 Tax Exempt Revenue Bonds - for amounts Of $100,000 - $5,000,000. Urban Development Actions Grants (11(11)) - for amounts in the range of $.1,000,000* - $50,000,000. BUSINESS CURRENT. ASSET LOANS Where Required: To assist in the financing of inventory and working capital for retal 1.,. manufacturing, and services business. Sources: SBA 7 (A) - Provides 90o bank' guarantees up to $500.,000 M1SBIC/SBIC - amounts usually in the $70,000 - $100,000 range to leverage bank loans SBA Equal Opportunity Loans - Up to $100,000 in direct loans for higher risk minority loans. SMALLER PROPERTY 1MPROV1iMiiNT LOANS Where Required: '1'o stimulate .lower cost ($5.,000 - $50,0D0) propertyimprovements in commercial revitali- zation areas. • Sources : IIUD 312 - Direct 3°, 10 year loans for physical. im- provement - up to $100,000 per property . Locally managed loan incentive program - Using various formulas, providing partial rebates' or subsidies to support property improvement. * Normally requires some significant private sector investment along with the public funds. 19 ok‘I 1 t 1 41 a t LOCAL LOAN/INCENTIVE PROGRAM Where Required: To stimulate minor property and facade improve- ments in commercial revitalization areas by providing a subsidy or rebate to individuals undertaking such improvements Sources: The program is structured and managed locally.. The best source of funds for such a program is CHG. 2n PS B. OVEIWIF11 OF' EXISTING Plii3LIC EOJNOMI:C D1 uJPML!Ir PIOGPN AND AC11VITIES 1. City of Miami a. Department of Trade and Connercx Formerly known as the Office of Trade and Commerce, this department was formed in 1978. Its chief purpose at the time was to encourage conic rcial development, service sector development and international trade activity through a program of promotion and information gathering/dissemination. Ibre recently, city officials have perceived a need to supplement the promotional activities with a program of business financial and technical assistance. Miami seem to offer a unique opportunity for many minority businesses, for example, but such businesses often need more assistance than a promotion group can give. This report outlines the nature of the financial mechanism and business development program being proposed for the Department of Trade and Commerce. b. City Planning Deparbmnt The City Planning Deparblent has also become involved in economic development during the past 2 years. An EDA 302 Economic Development Planning Grant has made it possible for the department to engage in two major types of economic development activity. 1. CEDS - The city has contracted with Gladstone Associates to produce an economic analysis and development strategy study as a basis for a CEDE document. This is due by the end of this year. . 21 2) Market and Project Feasibility Studies The earliest market studies produced by the Planning Ixptuftnient were rather superficial but more recent reports include a rather extensive feasibility analysis of some proposed development in the Biscayne Boulevard area. Studies of these types are likely to become a major source of identification of. development opportunities for the Miami. Developrient Cot oration . c. Assistant City Manager for Develolxrr-_nt the Assistant City Manager for DeVeloprent coordinates and supervises activities of the Department of Trade and Commerce, the Planning Department, and the city's zoning and building permit functions. Hence, he has administrative responsibility for all economic development activities for the city. 2. Dade County Key development agencies and authorities associated with county government include: : a. The Office of Economic ae elopmant Coordination This office, which is part of the County Manager's office is responsible for overall economic development planning and coordinates economic development implementation activities for the county. This office received an EDA grant in 1975. b. The Office of Comnunity D2velopnent Coordination Also located in the County Manager's office, this office coordinates the distribution of CDBG money. c. Industrial Devc. lopirezit Authority The Authority is Dade County's instrument for issuing industrial revenue bonds. I'bst industrial revenue bonds issued in Dade County or the City of Miami are issued by this group; sore bonds may be issued by authority of the City Commission. 22 s 1 C. OVEPVIIM OF' E>OS'1'ING Pl VATE OR CU•iIUNI'I'{ ECONOMIC DEVIlDPMSLTI'1' ORGANIZATIONS 1. NEDA ;llDA appears to be by far the most ampetent business development group in the area. NEDA packages approximately $6-7 million of small, mostly Spanish,_ business financings each year. Loans average $75-100,000. The majority of NEDA packages involve SBA loans or guarantees. NEDA provides very little in-depth technical assistance to its clients. 2. Urban League The Urban League provides technical assistance to black businesses in an 8-county area including Dade County and the City of Miami. A high proportion of assistance has gone to minority construction contractors in terms of helping to obtain procurement contracts. For the year ending June 30,1978 the League's -statistics show 57 packages amounting to $2,014,897; in procurement work they show 121 "actions secured" amounting to $6 ,149 , 519. The group would like assistance with opportunity identification It claims that in order to broaden the range and depth of its activities. banks, local MGSBICs and other parties have not been especially cooperative. 3. r1SBICs Of more than a dozen I`1f:SBICs listed by SBA in the Miami area, all but two or three are virtually non-existent. Only two, Verde Capital. Corporation and Universal Financial Service, appear to be developing score genuine capacity. Each is about a year old. 23 4. County and City -funded Organization A variety of com unity economic development groups are funded by county and city community development funds. These groups typically operate programs of business packaging and technical assistance though very few business packages have emerged from'the process so far. These include: a) Mimi -Dade Chamdrr. of Commr_ce - Business Development Assistance Program Funded by the county in the Fall of 1977, this group specializes in providing technical and packaging assistance to small black businesses and entrepreneurs in the Model Cities area. does not provide any direct financial assistance to businesses and has had very limited success in securing bazk and SBA financing for business packages. b) SBOC Also funded by Dade County, this group equivalent of the Miami -Dade Chamber's Business Program. It operates a program of technical/packaging assistance to businesses, publishes newsletters, conducts regular workshops, and arranges meetings with trade representatives, etc. It does. not have the funds to provide any direct assistance to businesses and has also had limited success bank and/or SBA financing. At one time, SBOC referred some business packages to NEDA but this practice no longer takes place. 24 It is the Spanish Development Assistance financial in securing c) Little Havana Developm nt Authority Funded by the City of Miami, this agency is recognized by the city as the coordinating body in the Little Havana area. It has a contract with the city to carry out beautification and public works projects; a public works grant by EDA of over $4 million has just been announced by the group. '.Phis is not a business packaging group. d) Contractors 'Training and Development, Inc. This city and county funded group provides technical andSome financial assistance to minority construction contractors. The enter appears to have a somewhat better' than average staff capacity compared to the other groups but its financial assistance program (guarantee) is underfunded. From September 1, 1977 to May 31, 1978 the group had put together 11 approved loan or bond packages worth a total of $286,090 according to a county evaluation report. e) Hew Wa.s tiington Heights Community Development Conference This city -funded organization operates in the field of economic development. It has not successfully packaged a bank or SBA business loan to our knowledge. f) Little-Piver Comerce Association Business Development Assistance Program pe This county -funded group specializes in providing technical and packaging assistance to small businesses and entrepreneurs in' the Little River area of Miami. Like the other county -funded business development groups it does not provide direct financial assistance to businesses and has had limited success in securing bank and/or SBA financing for business packages. ilcxzever► the group has had considerable success in organizing merchants for commercial revitalization 25 3 A 1 and has succeeded in bringing one or two new businesses into the Little River area. 5. Other Private Organizations Other organizations with whidl we have spoken, and whidl are involved in sere aspect of economic development include: a) Downtown Development Authority Primarily interested in major downtown development though this group has expressed some interest in the smaller do ntc"n infill development. b) Greater Miami. U itxer of Conueroe Not involved in development packaging as such, but does carry out a program of promotions for Miami, and an industrial recruitment program. c) Local banks and developers Discussions with private development and financial interests generally resulted in positive expressions of support for the Miami Development Corporation. 26 a 1 CHAPTER IV - POLICE' FRAMEMRK The Policy Framework, in which the Miami Development Corporation will operate, will serve three purposes: 1. To articulate the goals and objectives of Miami business . development program. 2. To outline Criteria for project selection which will insurethat the activities which are undertaken carry out the objectives of the program. 3. To define the role of the Miami Development Coi x rata.on within the Department of Trade and Comuerce and the economic strategy of the city. A. PPDGRPN oajECrIVRS The objectives of the Miami Development Corporation are: In Broad Conmunity Terms 1. To identify, develop and maximize market and business opportunities which create jobs, entrepreneurial opportunities, income and tax revenue for the city. 2. Tb reverse economic decay and deterioration in needy areas through business development and neighborhood revitalization programs. 3. To create the economic and physical environment conducive to private investment. in the City of Miami. 27 OILI* a rya — a a a I.I� S critic Econotnic and. Businc.:3s IXweloptrent. 7't,n1�s 1. To crate new businesses and expand existing businesses within the City of Muni by providing the necessary business packaging, financial planning, financial nnchanisms and technical assistance. 2. To revitalize neighborhood commercial areas within Miami through a program which emphasizes working with merchants to improve store nix, store quality, and the physical appearance of neighborhood conmercial areas. The Miami. Devel.opitent Corporation will support suds programs with technical and financial assistance to the nerchants group and to individual businesses. 3. To create a balanced economic and business development program plan which forms the basis for determining the scope and nature of the corporation's business and financial assistance prograuns . 4. 'i.b increase ecxnomic opportunities for ninority and disadvantaged individuals in Miami by assisting individual minority businesses, operating revitalization programs in minority neighborhoods, and by encouraging various forms of minority participation in larger development projects. • In 9ganizational and Legal Terms 1. To provide a legal basis for operating business and financial assistaneh progrzuus through a quasi -public citywide deveiowent corporation, chartered as a private non-profit corporation rather_ than as a city agency. 2. To develop a co petent,.businesslike well -managed staff to carry out business development and neighborhood oonuercial programs. 28 a 3. To create and maintain public/private bnarc1 of directors capable of strengthening and developing the relationship between 1 the City of Miami and the private sector in Miami. 4. To achieve the objectives in a way which represents the most cost effective use of public funds. 1 1 13. CRITERIA FOR VEI''I'URE SELECTION 'the specific ventures which are selected to receive the services and financial assistance through the Miami Development Corporation should conform with the criteria outlined be164: 1. Lacational Criteria - The venture must be located in the City of Miami. - If possible the venture should be located in one of the areas identified by the City for special treatment (neighborhood ctinnercial revitalization, gan«nt center, etc.) . 2. CharacterisLics of the Entrepreneur - The entrepreneur should have available capital or equity equal to at least 10 percent of the total capital requirements. - The entrepreneur should have at least five years of experience in ownership or nanacernent of a business similar to the business to be financed. - At least 50 percent of the businesses to receive the services of Miami. Development Corporation should be owned by minority individuals. 29 1 1 t a 101 3. Viability Criteria - 1V.1 ventures receiving financing directly from MDC or referred to other institutions by MDC must be economically viable, as determined by MDC technical staff. - Cenerally,rmarginal "mom and pop" type businesses tend not to be viable. Furthermore, the limited benefits which can result from assisting such businesses, as compared to personnel and financial resourars required for the assistance, do not justify the assistance. Therefore, in most cases,, assistance will not be provided to businesses with fewer than five employees. 4. Pesouroe Commitments - Financial packages should Maximize the use of private capital. The ratio of private capital to public capital should be at least 3 to 1. - Financial packages should also nvximize the return on public investnent. Each business receiving direct financing from a public sector source should create at least one new'perrrk1nent job for each $5,000 of public investment. 5. Employment Considerations - To the extent possible, jobs created should be targeted to low and moderate -income individuals . - To the extent possible, jobs should be the type ,which serve to raise the skill level of low and mxlerate-inoone individuals. - Priority should be given to ventures which place jobs in high unemployment areas. 30 1 A Obviously, no single prTij• c1t: c ;ur ct.mfonn <<;i,t.)r .a11 r.,f thn criteria stated abo..e. '11er-eft-,re, thr program mi.>: txaec_wirs ii,gor-t:.ant in assuring that the overall. sot: c)f: ar..t..i.vi ties unclertaken by the MIX carry out the objecti'�es of the program by oanformii.ng with these established criteria. C. (JUt1..ERL'\ CUR P4 I(1IIAIa1CX)1) SC11.. CC.FC)N In c1ev-2lc-p.ulg criteria to used in evaluation and selection of neighborhoods orhocds fora coni i rcial revitalization program, a nuunlx r of tools wl i.di we have. v•orked with effectively in other cities, will be used: 1.. "IbthncloloJJy" . 2. Rating system for showing critical. factors in making reco rendations 3. Chart shaving hc7.a critical factors are surmkirized for a ne:i.ghlnrlhcod 4. "Site Peview" form 5. "Selection Criteri.a," including factors, criteria and ranking (11 sanple of each of the above is att adiec1. ) 31 in response to a request made that we provide a "ranked order" - of Miami's'neighbarhoods based on a set of criteria for neighborhood selection which we would reoom mid, we have given consideration to nine neighborhoods which were identified by c7TCD. Due to the limited time available to analyze these neighborhods in depth with respect to the "critical factors in making recommendation", shown as Sample 3, we have prepared a ranking based'on the three categories of factors contained therein, that is economic, physical and state of readiness. (See chart attached.) Based on the scoring shown on the chart, the ranked order of neighborhoods is as follows: 1. Downtown 2. Little Havana 3. Little River 4. Aliapattah 5. Northeast Miami. 6. Model Cities 7. Coconut Grove 8. Wynwood 9. Overtcxwn Based on this ranked order, it is our reoomlEndation that Downtown not be given assistance since it does not really need the help of a neighborhood commercial revitalization program; also that only sections of Little Havana be considered since major programs have .already been developed in that area. This would leave Little .River and Allapattah and possibly Northeast Miami as candidates for consideration if only two neighborhoods were to be chosen in accordance with the MEC plan. 31a 1-7') QV &Mil grid dial Altai il) RANT NG OF NEICHDOPHcOES BY CRITICAL FACIUFS Mill MS iiI I1 Allapattah C000nut Grove Downtown Little River Little Havana :'bdel Cities Northeast Miami Overtown Wynt,, -,: Fair Good Fair Poor Fair Poor Good Good Good Fair Fair a Ccod Good Fair Ccod Poor Fair Fair Fair Fair Fair Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor FAC: CUPS ECONOMIC PHYSICAL STATE OF READINESS TOTAL Fair/Gco3 Poor Ccod Fair/Good Ccod/Fair Fair/Good Fair Poor Poor 1 k i 1 (Sanple 1) MCI410L)OU.X Y In carrying out this selection process, the follaoing methodology has been enployed: (A) Site visits: 1. Visual observation of cain nnities and their business districts. 2. Meetings with community leadership groups. (B) Collection, organization and analysis of data gathered on site visits and•through other appropriate means. (C) Develoment of selection criteria based on discussions, observations, and experience in conrrercial revitalization projects. (D) Application of selection criteria to data base. (E) preliminary identification of three cxnimnunities for intensive work and two ocnmunities requiring less intensive efforts. (F) Final recommendations. 1 a (Sample 2) Sample of Scoring of Critical Factors Ewnomic Store Count Store Mix Vacancy Rate Population Stability Supportable New/ Expansion Space Physical Condition of Real Property Parking Condition of Public Facilities/Areas Poor x Fair Good Excellent "State of Readiness" Merchant Association 1: Cc imi tlrr. n t of Resources Public Private x Leadership .: a 1 Critical Factors in Making Reccrr['ndation Store Count Store Mix Vacancy Rate Population Stability Supportable New/Expansion Space Conditial of Real Property Parking Condition of Public Facilities/Areas Merchant Association Commitment of Resources Public Private Leadership Poor Fair Good 50 or less 50-100 100 or r bre (approx.) (approx.) (approx.) Mix of Convenience Goods, Shopper Goods, and Personal Service Stores A large number/proportion of vacant stores would be rated as "poor". Decline of 16% or more (' 70-' 80 ) Decline of d-15% (' 70-'.80) Cecli.ne of less than 4% or an increase ('70-'80) Observations made regarding potential opportunities -- not rated at this time. Visual Observations Adequacy/Availability Visual Observations Existence of a merchant association -- its strength, programs, activities Whether o.rnnitments had been, made by public/ private sector -- actual commitments, strong indication, or no indication Observations and information resulting in general assessment of private leadership available for cnratercial revitalization efforts. k,. (Sample 4 1 Date: Time: By: LOCALITY Block #' s Nni is of Street Intersection 1. STORES Type of Strip No. of Blocks No. of Stores Stability Vacancies Major Stores - Supermarket Laitje Gen. Nfcrchandise Other (Des.) Mix • PHYSICAL CCNDIT'IO Btu lcli ng types/condition Use/mix-non re t-a i 1 Safety Other Crime Land Availability___ II. PARKING Amount - on street Lots Location TR1FFIC Descr./ ype/Amount ACCESS Major Highways/other III. PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS IS Type/Condition: Sidewalks Streets Lighting Sanitation Other Current activity (Samle 4, paje 2) 1 1 IV. OSIDENT1AL NEIGILBORIICX)D households Number Condi t ion Average Inoue Vacancies Ethnic/Racial Stabi1ity Civic Associations/Leadership •, Safety Crime V. COMPETITIVE FACILITIES AREAS Location - Size Major St. VI . MERU IANTS ASSOCIATION CI IAIMAN LeadershLp Membership Advertising Special Events VII. REVITALIZATION DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY Stores Housing Public ImprovenEnts VIII. RESOURITS Private Banks S & L Other Public CMG Other IX. SUMMARY Lae -Ili Based on 1-10 Condition Readiness Revitalization Potential TOTAL (Swiple SE rCriON att'i'ERIA MLI' ICIPALITY FACTORS CRITERIA RANKING CCNDITICNZ L (DATA) (A) ECONOMIC 1. Existing retail l district- a. store count b. store mix (inventory) c. size of district d. organization of spaces e. existence of anchor stores f. vacancy rate 2. Demographic Projections a. population b. insane c. retail expenditure pot. d. supp rtahie new/expansion space e. conpetitive facilities (B) PHYSIC;AL 1. Condition of real property a. oomrmrcial buildings b. residential neighborhood 2. Parking 3. Traffic -flaw or access prob. 4. Condition public facilities/ areas a. streets b. sidewalks c. lighting 35 nun-150 max 2 block min-6 block max yes/no+size and quality inc/dec 70-80 inc/dec 70-80 related to current sales proximity/strength e,g,f,p e,g,f,p # spaoes/total ret.s.f. yes/no 1 SELECTION CRITERIA/ page 2 ' II FAC1ORS (Sample 5 oonL.) CRITERIA 4. Cont. 11 d. sanitation e. signalization/signage 11 f. loitering/vagrancy 5. Existence of improved public spaces 6. Availability of vacant land 1 RANKING amp e ccr t . SELECTION CRITER A /page 3 MUNICIPALITY FACIORS CRITERIA RANEING - "STATE OF READINESS" (RESOURCES/LEADERSHIP) 1 (A) Merchant Association 1. mambership 2. programs (B) Existing Revitalization Activities 1. cottmercial area 2. residential 3. public facilities 1 t (C) Commitment of Public Pesoures 1. ooun ty 2. locality 3.' other (D) Commit -tent of Private Resources 1. merchants Ilh 2. lending institutions 3. other 11 (E) Assessment of Private Leadership s s yes/no + quality min. 50% total yes/no + effectiveness yes/no + extent yes/no + type yes/no + relevance MI SF:I.ECTION CRITERIA/Page 4 MCNICIPALI`i'Y FACTORS CRI.TERIA RANKING 1 POTENTIAL - }3ENL'F"I'i'S MAJOR FACIOP,S AFFECTING PO'ITNrIAL BENEFITS I (A) Incxme 1. Retail Expenditure Potential unserved 2. Supportable new/expansion space 3. Area served (B) Retail Space/Competition 1. Existing number of stores 2. Support;hle new space 3. Competition (C) Parking/'Traffic • 1 1 (D) Available Land/Block Vacancies (E) NSerchant Association 1. Activity 2. Strength (F) Ccinnitment of Resources 1. Public 2. Private (G) Leadership - Quality • D. ME' E 1OLT OF 71 IE t 1IN'tt E)E'. i OC)Rpow 1' 1 c v4 1.N 11"1E OVERALL' DEVELUPMFilT PIDGP \M OF MIAMI The Miami Development Corporation will be the lead organization in planning and implementing a program of financial and technical business assistance for small and minority businesses, neighborhood conercial revitalization projects, industrial retention projects, international trade developuunt projects and activities, and, small to medium-sized business packages within larger development projects (e.g. downtown) . Basic functions of the corporation will be to identify and develop business opportunities, formulate an annual program plan based ,upon identified opportunities, package business deals, provide technical assistance to businesses, work with merchants and neighborhood groups, amni develop financial programs and mechanisms to support business development. In short, the oorpuration will be a financing mechanism with a business development planning, packaging and technical assistance staff capability. Considerable discussions have taken place regarding the role of the Planning Department and the new corporation with respect to economic developrn nt planning. The resulting. agreern nt is that the Planning Department will be responsible for longer term; physical development planning activity while the Department of Trade and Comiurc e will be responsible for shorter -term business devrlopttnt planning. The two depar-tnrents will work very closely with each other since on type of activity affects the other. Many of the larger, longer term projects, for exanple, will result in business opportunities for entrepreneurs who can be assisted by the development corporation. It will be the corporation's responsibility to search for and identify such opportunities and provide the necessary assistance to entrepreneurs. 1 a 7P 11 a E. STRNIECf The proposed program for the Department of Trade and ConiierGL and the Miami Development Corporation grows out of previous and current economic development activities of the department. Generally speaking, the new program will broaden the functions of the Department to include business development and financing within the context of its overall developmztnt program. The program plan for the new business development function schedules and quantifies all anticipated deAtlopne.nt projects, costs and benefits and provides the basis for on -going implementation and evaluation of the corporation's program. Chapter VI of this report contains the initial program plan for Miami Development Corporation. The transition from the existing programn to the new program will he acamplished through: 1. The creation of the corporation. 2. The funding of the corporation through a contract with the city. 3. The transfer of certain D_pa:rt:Trent of Trade and Commerce staff to the corporation. 4. The hiring of additional staff with particular types of expertise by the corporation. 5. The execution of projects listed in the program plan. I.t is anticipated that a key dcpartnwnt staff member will be appointed to the Board of the corporation in order to maintain accountability and control by the city. 33 CHAPTER V - OPIX)RI' NI` . II]: NTII'Ic x1'LCRd Opportunity identification is one of the critical steps in the economic development planning, programing and management process since it is the link between the policy framework and the development of the program plan constituting the essential activities of the organization. Too often the objectives of an organization are set on a lofty and "mother love" plane anci the actual programming rarely carries out these wishful and ambiguous objectives. The opportunity identification process as carried, out by MEC should avoid this by starting out with a clear picture of the character, quality, and direction that the organization and the city want to develop in Choosing the various projects, businesses, areas, and constituencies they want to work with in keeping with the stated objectives. Similarly, the Choice of the projects needs to achieve a political and economic balance to make sure that all of. the people of the city benefit from • the proposed activity and that there is clear agreement on "what it 'all adds up to". As will be indicated in the program mix, a broad range of opportunities will be developed since it is the intent of. the project to maximize the opportunities identified. In effect, the total "economic pie" for. the City of Miami will become a larger one inwhich more people can share and participate. Accordingly, the opportunities will be analyzed by kind, size, location and by industry sector to provide the mix to he agreed upon by the offices, board and staff of the proposed Miami bevelopment Corporation. 34 4 tq It has already been inclicaLed that the tT? ix a Tod percr2ntage of the packaging -- appro::imately 60 percent -- for minorities; that approximately 25 FxJroent of the work would be focused in neighborhoods; 1.5 percent in clowntc>.m projects; 10 percent in international trade,etc. OLher projects tliats may cleveiop significant business opportunities - are the garment .enter and goverment canter. Other major projects now being planned will be analyzed carefully for development opportunities which may be. "buried" in the early, ov rall.planning of the projects. The key issue is that the organization become known tU all of the thief actors in the economic life of the community -- bankers, n:Aailers, ebNielopers, real. estate and non-profit neighborhood develoFrrs, etc. -- who will cY-xm to recognize thatthe ttC is ready and available to provide business devt 1otmhent. and financial packaging services to worthy projects on a citywide basis. Most important as a major source of business opportunities and projects will be the work of the Economic Der.teloprent Planning Division of the Planning DeparLnrnt of the city. Its work in connection with the preparation of studies on area marketing, neighborhood strategy areas, transit subway stations, and neighborhood planning should be very productive in identifying opportunities of a business developnr_nt nature for the tTDC. The work programs of both the Economic r?evelopnent Planning Division and the MIX: will be coordinated through regular u.+ kly greetings which will also help determine what kinds of activities and projects are ncxa being planned on a long-range basis by the Planning Departnent Will. Le, )rr-_ tinnily and doable from the standpoint .of the !MC. 35 1 1 1 C11ti1'I R VI - t'IttYfl 4 PLi r1/',1IX -- rlcrirn p13'x;RN4 As indicated in the foregoing, the program plan and mix developed in the attached chart for the proposed MC reflects the basic asstnptions underlying the approach to the project, the stated objectives, criteria and strategy of the organization, and the opportunity . identification and economic planning, process. As indicated, the projects have been prioritized by kind, size, and cjeographi.c.location. With respect to kind, they oantain minority businesses, small and wediu i-sized enterprises and identity opportunities for broader participation in larger projects. They represent efforts to retain and expo-und businesses, assist in developing international trade, (bantam projects, and will. emphasize neighborhood cxrtmrcia- revitalization activi tijeS The actual figures by kind of project shawl in the sample break 'clown as follows: Kind P1inor_ i ty tleighbor-hhoa l international Do.•7n tot•Jn/Part.:.icipa t1c]n Retei i tion/R•vanS ion no . l f' 8 3 9 2 '.um-, 40* *Total adds up to more than 32 packages due to double .counting. 36 1 • 11 cicf.antown or neighborhood oanter, waterfront:, etc. difficult to analyze .but neighl : rhocxls and 15 per As to size of projects, as .fol lcxas : Up to $100,000 $100,000 to $250,00 Over $250,000 'l'c7l'AL the l: us.i.ness fincnlcinus break down No. 18 9 5 Amount $900,000 $1,350,000 $2,000,000 32 $4,250,000 Ceographic lly the projects have been identified as either or in sane cases spacial_ areas such as garment. The actual breakda.nl in the chart is shows approximately 25 percent in the °ant in downtown, wi t:l i the remainc'Cr spread throughout the city. As indicated in other sections of the retort, the program plan and mix has been preclicated on a maximization of opportunities, federal resources, local resources, leveraging of private investment and involveirent of both the private and oeninunity sectors. Each of these elements will make an important contribution to the productivity of the organization and the character, quality and direction of its activities and public irnagc,. As indicated earlier, the City, the 01C1) and the 1IlX: should continuously review the insults of the operation to see whether the desired mix and balances among these various factors are being achieved and whether a proper balance is also achieved among those who are the intended beneficiaries of the program. 37 1 1 1 1 • .n1 a a a a • Attached t•ached is a Program Plan for the year begi nn i fn anproxirnately November 1 which is self:-e>pianatDP1'. T.t shoos: 1. 'l'he conviction and funding of 32 business packages totalling $4,250,000. 2. Work in two neighborhoods to he selected in acaardance with the criteria cnvered earlier in the report. 3. It. shcxes technical assistance service being provided to 18 clients during the latter part of the first year. 4. It indicates the de\elop ent: and start-up of operations of a MGSTlIC and an LTX' as support mechanisms in the last six months of the operating year. 5. Finally, it indicates the need to de«te tine 'of the organization to outreach for clients, training of staff, and identification of resources. 38 �� flll f IIII III 11 PPDGRAM 7 - N ?i 1 First Six Months No. YEAR BEGINNING Last Six Months Total ':ear Art. No. 'nnt . No. A. Business Developr nt/Fin. Packaging 1. Small Ventures (under$100,000) Minority Neighborhood (See Below) 2. Medium-sized Ventures ($100,000 to $250,000) International ,_ ntown/P?rticipation 6 3 $300,000 12 450,000 6 $600,000 18 3900,000 (1 8) overlap 900,000 9 1,350,000 (3) (6) 3. Large Ventures (over $250,000) 2 800,000 3 1,200,000 5 2,000,000 retention/Expansion ( i :JntO:Jfl/ art? C1Pat20n in Large S,e t'ires (3) (Note: Staff will handle all business 6e'velonrent uncttions from coo•arercial revitalization activites) B. Calm rcia? Revitalization 1. Neighborhoods - SeleLLed through criteria New Retail Development, E:ransion etc. LDC/502 Loans • 2. Downtown and -Adjacent Areas Ted nical Assistance - Number of Clients D. irveloprent/Operation, of Support Mechanisms 1. :•tr. 3IC 2. LDC P. Outreach, Training, Identification of Resources . Administrative 11 6 $1,550,000 21 $2,700,000 32 $4,250.000 (8) Included Above (5) Included :.'-)o•.e 12 18 IP NM NI Mr } 1 A • O1APT R VII - r•t) 1.'I.)RING N'II) EVALUATION The purpose of the monitoring and evaluation task is (1) to evaluate progress vis-a-vis the program plan and (2) to revise and update elements of the plan and the planning process as needed. Periodic reporting of program progress provides the factual -basis for anaylsis and evaluation. Monitoring and evaluation takes on three major dinr-_nsions : A. ME SURING PERFORMANCE NC E The basis question here is "haw did actual performance ecxipa e with planned performance?". For instance, hew many projects got cone? If some are not done, v4w not? If partially come, haw many? Dicl thoy get done on time? If not, haw far off sdiedule? Do projects get done within their budget? If not, haw much is the cost overrun? Another, more subjective, question, is to look at the suir, total of what has been accomplished over the year and evaluate "Mtlat does, it all adcl up to?". Is the balance and character of activities in accordance with what was planned? Do accomplished projects oonplerrent one another or are there c nflicts? Should next year's program aim to redress imbalances in last year's accomplishments? 13. MEASURING BENEFITS Benefits resulting from development projects should be measured vis-a-vis stated objectives regarding jobs, taxes, private investment .and possibly such other indicators are sales, new or expanded businesses, income, etc. 39 m mom!^ Special attention should be given to the distribution of benefits to specific target groups such as minorities, low and moderate income persons, or the long -tern un iQloyed. For example, if 1,000 jobs are to be created during the period of a year, how many are planned for minorities or disadvantaged? What opportunities have been created for minority entrepreneurship, procurement and participation in the economic process either in terns of equity participation or other forms of participation (e.g. project management, policy developzm nt) ? As above actual performance should be Oompared with planned targets. C. NEA.SUREMmT OF ODST AND COST-EF'FECFIVFT.ESs Finally, the costs of development projects should be examined vis-a-vis accomplished benefits. Actual cost/benefit ratios should be compared with planned. This type of evaluation and analysis will provide guidelines concerning how many jobs, taxes, etc. can be expected from a dollar's worth of public investment in a development project. 40 fi 1 PART THRII The Proposed Miami E . '..lopnult Corp ration (MDC) DiPr'TER VIII - ORG7NIZATIONAL STRTJCI'URE CHATTIER Ix - FINANCIAL RESOURCES CIIAPTER X - CATALOG OF DEVELOPMENT PIOGRAMS • 1 16 1 a atAP` tER V1II - ORGAN VATIa']AL, S'TIu iCT'IJRE A. P1O)I'OSED ORGANIZATIONAL, STRUCTI'UI47. The structure and character of the proposed Miami Development - Corporation is designed to promote efficiently and economically a process of business development throughout the city. Its basic objective will be to expand, retain and develop business activities that will assist in the stabilization of the City's tax base and provide employment opportunity for the residents. The basic structure will be designed to insure the maximum flexibility in operations making it possible to modify, adjust, and update its functions in accordance with the economic dcveloprcent requirements of the city. Legal Entity The agency will be incorporated as a non-profit entity in accordance with the Laws of the State of Florida. Its By -Laws aria Articles of Incorporation will be designed to qualify for tax exempt status under Internal Pevenue Code Section 501 (c) (3) . (See attached Articles of incoipuration and By -Laws.) Contract with City The Corporation will function under a "Delegate Agency" contract with the City of Miani and will operate as a quasi -public entity. (See sample contract format) . 41. III III I IIIUU•IU!1.11 w rtio a 1 To insure tha tthe objectives of the City of Miami are priority activities within the quasi -public entity, the following will be included in the contract as a minimum: 1. Scope of Services 'A definitive agreement in terms of the types of services to be performed. 2. Time of Performance A specific time frame in which activity is to cnnnreioe and terminate. 3. Compensation and Method of Payment Amount of compensation for services to be rendered which would be suppOr_ted by a detailed budget and made a part of the, contract. This section would set and control salaries in terms of positions and salary adjustnints. Other operating sections of the budget should be flexible. This section should also include a clause that "All unexpended or unencumbered monies as of the end of each contract period. will revert to the City of Miami". However, actual fund transfer may not occur because of contract continuity, but unexpended funds would be transferred to future contracts. This section should also specify the importance of establishing accounting, ' reporting, internal control system .and personnel practices. Fidelity bonding requirements should also be stipulated in this section as'it relates to the disbursement of funds by the Corporation and from the city to the Corporation. 42 • • 1 a 1 Termination oE contract for cause or a t the convenience of the City of Miami; conpliance with local laws, assignability and audit should be clearly spelled out in this section of contract. 4. Other Terns and Conditions Transfer of rights, title and interest to the City of Miami should be clearly indicated as a condition of the contract as v.ell as the reversion of all assets -and other non -expendable property purchased with contract fuels in case of dissolution or termination of Corporation. Matters peculiar to the operations of the City of Miami in regard to its relationships with outside agencies should be included in this section. Characteristics and Features of Quasi-Pd)lic Development Companies Many localities have made significant ficazt advances in economic planning and in programming capital improvements for economic development. However, the last and perhaps most critical link -- the public -sector leveraging of private sector investments in urban economic development -- has proven more difficult. Quasi -public citywide economic development corporations appear to offer potential as local development institutions capable of effectively performing this latter function. There are several characteristics that distinguish quasi -public -Economic Development Corporation (E1X') from local government agencies or private - sector organizations; 413 1 1 i a 1. A quasi -public EX in the City of Miami wi 11 11cit.&.-? administrative autonomy combined with politi.cal accruntrrbili.ty. 2. The legal status of a quasi -public I.IX.: is one with a private non-profit basis, with the ability to utilize many important powers which are otherwise prohibited to municipalities under most state constitutions. 3. r111e cjoverniny 1x'ard of directors should lx composed of a mix of pulbl.i.c and private officials as wc?11 as ex-offic.io rrenurers from local govenunent: agencies. This mix of ptb1i.c/private rtrnbership often can induoe additional leverage from local investors and lenders. 4. City-wide economic' do x ].opnent oer porat.ions may assist housing and neighborhood cle'.elopnent projects even though they are basically oriented to:rarcl maximizing ewnomi c ix ne fi.1 s throughout the city. 5. The nixed public/private ixoard can provide a useful institutional setting for improving coordinations b2.tween the public and private sectors, and for eliciting additional private capital eonuri.t:nrnts from the local business community. The board will. most likely be able to intiuc wore participation f.rorn local financial institutions as well. as from pri.vatr� business finis. 44 1 1 Si1M1'1,1,, ANTI Cl..rS Or I r1CoRpoRATLoN 1 ARTICLES OF I.NCURI'ORA'1'1 Ulu • s 'Elie. following list of art ivit ies should be included as a minimum in the Articles, of Incorporation: (I) The Corporation will he organized exclusively for chari- table, scic:ntil'ir. testing for public safety, literary, and educational purposes within the meaning of S5f11(c) (3) of the Internal. Revenue Code of 1 954 , as amended. (2.) For purposes of implementing and effectuating the Miami_ Economic: I)c ve1.opment Corporation, make investment:; in, and loans 'to, corporate or other business entities with monies which are directly or i.ndirectly attributable to fonds provided to the City of ?11.ami and other fends provided by the United States, the Stale of Florida or any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing; and funds generated by the repayment of the principal. amount and accrued interest thereon of any loans made t.wi th such funds, or anv di.vidends or other distributions paid to the corporation by any entity in which the corpOrFatinn (3) has an ownership interest Provide assistance for individuals, groups, and organi..za- tions in planning and executing successful economic development projects; (4) 1'r.ovi.de technical assistance and professional. counseling of all types, including business planning for individuals, organi.za,ttons, and their members where such c..ounse 11 ng may be necessary for the economic development of law income o r low emp.loyment areas; (5) Act as intermediary, where appropriate, between various economic development progrnms and between organizations and ind.i.viduals which may be involved in anv capaci ty i..n economic development; and ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION • 10 1 1 The fol.lowing list of activities should be included as a minirnum in the Articles of Incorporation: (1) The Corporation will be organi::cd exclusively for chari- table, scientific, testing for public safety, literary, and educational purposes within the meaning of S501(c) (3) of the internal. Revenue Code of 1954, as amended. (2) For purposes of implementint; and effectuating the_Miami. , Economic, Development Corporation, make investment:; in, and loans to, corporate or ether business entities with monies which are directly or indirectly attributable to funds provided to the City of Miami and other funds provided by the United States, the State of Florida or ,any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing; and funds generated by the repayment of the principal. ,amount and accrued interest: thereon of any loans made with such funds, or any dividends or other distributions paid to the corporation by any entity in which the corporation has an owne.rsh.i.p interest (3) Provide assistance for individuals, groups, and organiza- tions in planning and executing successful economic development- projects; (4) Provide technical assistance and professi.onal counseling of all types, including business planning for individuals, organiZ •tacos, and their members where such counseling may he necessary for the economic development of low income or low employment areas; (5) Act as intermediary, where appropriate, between various economic development programs and between organizations and individuals which may be involved in any capacity in economic development; and - :1- (6) Assist in the 3r9ui ;it inn of chat it;lhli contributions and assistance cap i to t . including seed money, which h may be necessary for successful economic development projects. (7) The Corporation may also undertnke such other activities as the 13nard of Directors shall from time to time approve so long as such ncti.vities are within the meaning of those described under 0501(c) (3). (,;) in addition to Item 7 above: The Corporation will he empowered to accept gi f ts, grants, deV.ises, or bequests of funds, or any • other property from and public or other governmental body and any private person who shnl l include, but not be limited to, private and public foundations, corporati(111s, and 1ndividunl.s. (9) The Corporation is one which should not contemplate pecuni:t( gain or profit, incidental or otherwise. (10) The Corporn t i.on shall have pe rputua i existence. (11) The Corporation should be o rgnn i.zed upon a non -stook basis and sha1.l haves no members. (12) No part of the net earnings of the Corporation should inure to the benefit of or be distrihutable to its incorporators, -directors, officers, or other private persons., except that the corporation shall be authorized and empowered to pnv reasonable compensation for services rendered and to make payments and distributions in furtherance of the purposes set forth above. (l_.l) No substantial part of the activities of the Corporation shall, be the carrying on of propaganda or otherwise attempting to influence 1 � 1 1 legislation, and the Corporation shall not participate in, or intervene in, directly or indirectly, (including the publishing or distribution of statements) any political campaign on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office, (14) The Corporation should not carry on any other activities not permitted to he carried on by a corporation exempt from_' federal incomi tnx under '?;01(c.)(3) of the Internal Revenue Cade of 1954 (or —the corres- ponding provision of any future United State:; internal. Revenue Law)., (15) Upon the dissolution of the Corporation, the surplus, if any, remaining after paying or providing for all liabilities of the c,orpr,ration in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Florida Non -Profit Corporation Laws shall he distributed and raid over by the Board of Directors to the City of Miami. 1 1 • SAMPLE BY-LAWS w • 111 ;Jo 1;'i - LAy ;i BOARD OF DIRECTORS: The establishment of a hoard of Directors should consist of the following elements as a minimum. These elements are designed to function as a local development corporation as well as a development corporation. The Corporation's Board of Directors should he composed of city officials and representatives of major business and banking resources. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by n Board of not Less than 25 and not more than 30 Directors, who shall be elected by the outgoing Board of Directors. The exact number of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by a vote of the Di. -rectors. The Board should elect an Executive Committee of II to carry on the affairs of the Corporation on a day to day basis. TERi'l OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS: Each Director shall -be elected to serve for a term of one (l) year and until his successor in office is duly elected and qualifies. PLACE OF.f•IEE'l'i14G: Meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such place within Florida or 12.1sewhore as a majority of the Directors may from time to Lime appoint or as may he designated in the notice calling the meeting.. REGULAR MEETINGS: A regular meeting of the.Board of Directors shall be held annually, at the offices of the Corporation or at such other place, date and hour as n majority of the Directors may designate. At such meeting the Board of Directors may designate. At such meeting the 1 1 ■ 1 s • cks 1 1 Board of Director:; shall. elect officers r „f the Corporation. 1n addition to such regular meeting, the Board of Directors shall have the power to fix by resolution the place, date and hour of other regular meetings of the Board. Sl'I CiA1., MEETINGS: Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall he held whenever called by the President nr n majority of the Directors in office. NOTICES OF MEETING OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS: Notice of a .special meeting; of the Board of Directors shall be given to each Director on three (3) days' notice, either personalty, by mail or by wire. r?I)c)KUM: A majority of the Directors in office shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is pre- sent .salt be the acts of the Board of Directors. If there he less than a quorum present, the majority o1 those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time and place to place and shall cause notice of each such adjourned meeting to he given to all absent Directors. POWERS: (a) General. Powers: The Board of Directors- shall have a1l the power and authority granted by law to the Board, including all powers necessary or appropriate to the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. (h) Specif.i_c-Powers: Without limiting the general powers con- ferred by the last preceding clause and the powers conferred by the Articles and By -Laws of the Corporation, it should be expressly declared • t that the Board of Directors shall h;iv- the following powers: 1. To confer upon any officer or officers of the ' Corporation ion the power to choose, remove or suspend assistant officers, agents or servants. 2. To appoint any person, firm or corporation to accept and hold in trust for. the Corporation any property be- longing to the Corporation or in which it is interested, and to authorize any such person, firm or corporation • tc, execute any documents 'and perform any duties that may he requisite in relation to any such trust. 3. To approve and authorize the borrowing of money and the granting of security interests in the personal property 1 and mortgages on the real. estate of the. Corporation as ij ! i 4. security for the repayment of loans and interest thereon. To purchase, sell, lease, mortgage, pledge, transfer in • trust, and otherwise deal with real and personal property of the Corporation. _i. To appoint a person or persons to vote shares of another 6. corporation hold and owned by the Corporation. To amend the corporation's Articles of incorporation and By -Laws. VACANCIES: Vacancies: in the Board of Directors, inclnding vacancies resulting from disqual i f ication of a Director, shall be f i l led by the remaining mcrribcrs of the Board at a special meeting thereof called for such purpose. Each person so cle..tert to fill .1 vacancy shall he. elected to serve for the ha lance of the nnexp.i re{1 i er m of the vacated Directorship. GRECU'l'1VFs COMF111"C1;Fs: The Board of Directors may appoint from their number an executive committee whose powers and duties will be deter- mined from time to time by the Board. C1F1'1CIiS AND ELECTION: The Corporation shall have a President, a Secretary,.a Treasurer, all of whom shal 1 he elected by the Board of Directors. In arid.ition, the Board may in its discretion elect a'Chairman of the Board. The Board of Directors may elect as additional officers one or more Vice Presidents, and one or more assistant officers. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person except the offices of 1 President and Secretary. TERM: The ['resident, the Secretary, the Treasurer and the Chairman of the Board shall each serve for a term of one year and until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, unless' removed from office by the Board of Directors during their respective tenures. The term of office of any other officer shall be as specified by the Board of Directors. POWERS AN1) D1l1'LF.S OF THE i'RESiDENT: Unless otherwise de tormined by the Board of Directors, the President shall have the usual duties of an executive officer with general supervision over and direction of the affairs of the Corporation. .in the exercise of these duties and subject: to the limitations of the laws of Florida, these by-laws and the actions of the Board of Directors, he may appoint, suspend, and discharge employees and agents, and shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors in 1 w 1 a 1 t'h.e absence of the (hil t nan of the B— it'd. He >:hat 1 :t 1,so do and perform such other duties; as from time to Lim mn'; be a,;s i hoed In h i.m by the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the President shall have full power and authority on behalf of the Corporation to attend and to act and to vote at any meeting of the share- holders of any corporation in which the Corporation may hold stock, and, at any such meeting, shall possess and may exercise any and a1l the rights and powers incident to the ownership of such stock and which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have possessed and exercised. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THESECRETARY Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Secretary shall keep the minutes of all. meetings of the Board of Di rectors, members and all committees, in hooks provided for that purpose, and shall attend to the giving and serving of a1.1 notices for the Corporation. He shall have charge of the corporate seal, membership books, and other such books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct. Ile shall perform all other .duties.ordinarily inci.- dent to the Office of Secretary and shall have such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE TREASURER: Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shalt have charge of ail the funds and securities of the Corporation which may come into his hands. Wilen necessary or proper, unless otherwise ordered by the Board of Directors, he shall endorse for collection on behalf of the Corporation checks, notes, and other obligations, and shall deposit the same to the credit of the Corporation in such banks or depositories as the Board of Directors may designate and shall sign ail receipts and vouchers for payments made by the Corporation. Ile shall enter regularly, in books of the Corporation 1 • t i • 1 to he kept. by him for the purpose, 11:11 and accur.at, lint of all monies received and paid by trim on account el the Cnrperat ien, Whenever reclutred by the Board of Directors, he shall render a statement of the financial condition of the Ccirporat.inn. He, shall at a11. reason,ahle times exhibit lais books and accounts to anv Director of the Corporation, upon application at the office of the Corporation during business hours. He shall have such other powers and slrail perform such other duties, as may he assigned to him from time to time by the Board of I)irectors. He shall give such bond, if any, for the faithful performance of his duties as shall he required by the Board 'of Directors and any such bond shall remain in the custody of the President. POWERS ANI) DUTIES OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE WAND OF D[RECTORS: Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside at all meetings of Directors. He shall have such other powers and perform such further duties as may he assigned to him by the Board of Directors. POWERS AND DUTIES OF VICE PRESIDENTS AND ASSISTANT OFFICERS: Unless otherwi.se determined by the Board of Directors, each Vice President and each Assistant Officer shall have the puwerqand perform the duties of his respective superior officer. Vice Presidents and Assistant Officers shall have such rank as shall be designated by the Board of Directors and each, in the order of rank, shall act fnr.:;uch superior officer in his absence or upon his disability or .when so directed by such superior officer or by the Board of Directors. The President shall he the superior officer of the Vice Presidents. The Treasurer and the Secretary shall he the superior officers of the Assistant 'Treasurers and Assistant Secretaries, respectively. VP I)tLl;t;t1'1•IClra uia OFFICE: - 7 •- The Roalrrl oi Directors may delegate the power or duties of any officer of t.ir or to any Director from time to time. cotp,,r;Ilion r ti, any other officer SALARIES OF OFFICERS: Officers of the Corporation shalt receive such salaries as may be determined by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may authorize the making of employment contracts between the Corporation and any one or more officers. VACANCIES: The Board of Directors shall have the power to fill anv vacancies in any office occurring from whatover.reason. 1 itiDCi•l,Nl Fl CAT1 o 01 DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS r\NI1 O'I'III:R PERSONS: !tide mni.fiention: The Corporation shar1l indemnify any Director or officer of the (:orporrrtinn against: expenses (including legal fees), judf;ements, fines and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasona•b1y incurred by him, to the fullest extent now or hereafter permitted by law in connection with any threatened, pending; or comp.leted action, suit or proceeding, whether- civil, criminal, administrative or investigati''ve., brought or t►rreatoned to he brought against him by reason of his perfor- mance as a Director or officer of the Corporation, or any of its subsi- diaries, or in any other cnpnci ty on behalf of, the Corporation, or any of its subsidiaries. The Board of Directors by resolution adopted in each specific instance main similarly i ndernni fy arnv person other than a Director or officer of the Corporation for liabilities incurred by him in connection with services rendered by him or at the request of the Corporation, or any of its subsidiaries. The provisions of this section shall he applicable to all actions, -S- 1 snitN or proceedings commenced after its adnptic'n, wht«.ther such arise out of acts or omissions which occurred prier or subsequent. to such adopting and shall continue as to n person who has ce.nscd to be a Director' or officer or to render services for or nt the request of the Corporation and shall_ inure to the henefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Cho rights of indemnification provided for herein shall not. be deemed the exclusive rights to which any Director., officer, employee or agent of the Corporation may he entitled. Advances: parson entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation in defending a civil or crimi•nat action, suit or proceeding in ndvance of the final. disposition of such action, sui.t or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking, by or on behaif of such person, to repay such amount if it shalt ultimately be determined that he 1s nut entitled to be indemnified by the Corpornt:.ian 11 as authorized by law, 114 The Corporation may pn•; the expenses incurred by any Fiscal. Year: The fiscal year of the Cnrpor:rtion shall begin on .January 1 s t of each calendar year and end on December 31 of such calendar year. (Example only) Amendments: The Directors of the Corporntion shall. have the power to alter, amend, or repeat these by-laws by a majority 'of those voting, at any regular or special meeting, duly convened after notice to the Directors of such purpose. interpretation of BY -Laws: All words, terms and provisions of these bv-laws shall be interpreted and defined by and in accordance with the Non-profit Corporation Law of the State of Florida as amended- from time to time hereafter. f list, of Coil I e 11 CC Tele') (I 11 I' ;111(1 S i 111 1 I .1 r 1(111 11*Tetit : One or mare pe rsons ma y participate I n mee tiny. o I t lie lin r , o r o fa comtnittce thereof hy mean 8 of conference telephone or similar communications equip- ment by which ill persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Participalion in 1 meeting pursuant to this secti.on shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. • III 1111111 IIIIIMPOIPPIII 1 SAMPLE CONTRACT WI'IU CITY FOR PIOFiSSIONAL SERVICES a 1 w t a 1 1 CONTRACT you PkorEgstoNAL SERVICES Ili AND AkETWEEN CITY ol n This AGREEMENT, entered into as of this day of 1977, by rind between the CITY OF hereinafter rererred to as the "City", and • IN • as 1 hereinafter referred to as the "Contractor". WITNESSETH THAT: WHEREAS, WHEREAS, WHEREAS, WHEREAS, NOW, THEREFORE, the parties to the Contract do mutually agree follows: • 1 a I. SCOPE or SERVICES The Contractor agrees 1_0 provide with the scope of services which are attached and marked Exhibit. "A". It. DATA TO BE FURNISHED CONTRACTOR The City will furnish or make available to the Contractor for his information or use, data as indicated in Exhibit "B" attached. 11 1.1:11,, OF PER . _ • The services of the Contractor will commence nn and shall cont:inne through IV.. COMPENSATION AND METHOD OF PAYMENT A. As compensation for all services provided under this Contract. City will pav Contractor a sum not to exceed Of this nmount, all unexpended or will revert to City.. Payment will unencumbered monies as of be in accordance with the Basis for Compensation attached ;i E 1 bi 1"C" to this Contract. It is understood and agreed that City shall.pay Contractor only for those services actually rendered at the rates set forth in - Exhibit "C". It is further agreed that the City shall pay the Contractor on the basis of vouchers for work done and submitted on a monthly basis. B. City will make payment to Contractor upon submission by Contractor of vouchers satisfactory to City in form and substance. C. Funds may be expended only for the purposes and in the amounts stated in the attached ExhibitS ItAtI and "C". If the basis for 1 • 1 iikh 1 1 • c.onlptn 11 ion, ;t:. .,et forth in I;;:I11111 "t:tt i n 111,111t.t j�rcrviclillj; fur personnel., supplies and servic os;, t 1'.111 l rr'4 !a;ty }.r made by Contractor from one budget category to another, with the exception of personnel, and contract and cnnsultvtnt services categories, without prior written approvalo1 t. 1 t.r. Cnittr;tctor must provide written notification to City whenever such transfer has, occurred. No change may be made in the total. of the personnel. budget. categ;ory (Category I) or contract and consultant services category (Category 2) without prior written approval of City The salaries spe-cified in the Budget are the maximum salaries which c;tn be paid for the corresponding position, re,;;trdless; of any conflicting, provisions of Con tractnr's.pe•rsonnel. policies. Contractor will also notify City of changes in any pn•sition title or loh description, U.• Where a Itudget forms the basis for compensation in Exhibit "C", the Contractor will effect accounting, rc.pnrLing, internatl control systems and personnel pracLir.es which are satisfactory to the City. The City ; :il.l. be the sole determiner of .whether Contractor adequately meets these requirements. 11 c t1 no E. Where the Budget ,forms the basis for compensation in Exhibit funds w.i 11 he disbursed to Contractor until it shows evidence that it has applied for or obtained adequate fidelity bonding coverage. City may suspend or tc.rmin;tte payments under this Contract in whole or in part for cause. Cause wi.11 include, but not he Limited to the f1s1.lowing: (1) improper use of funds; (2) failure•to comply with the terms and conditions of this Contract; or (.3) submittal to City of reports which are incorrect or incomplete in anv material. respect. 1 • 1 Where the Budget I erve; the h;ts i r; lot compensation in Exhibit 'c('", C:ont rrtctnr wi 1 t remit :ttiV unexpended ba lance of the payments on account of this Contract.. The action of City in accepting any such amount w111. not Constitute a waiver of any claim which City may otherwise have arising out of this Contract. C. Where the Budget forms the hasis for compensation in Exhibit "C:", within ten (10) days of the termination or cancellation of this Contract for cause or convenience, the Contractor will remit to City a complete accounting of all monies received pursuant to this Contract, and Contractor will return to City, all City funds which have not been obligated for legitimate expenses.. 1l. Where the Budget forms the basis for compensation in Exhibit 1 "C" all non-cxpe'ndable furniture and equipment, as defined by City, pur- a], chased with funds provided through this Contract, will revert to City upon termination of this Contract and will be disposed of as City may. direct.. Identification tags bearing the marking "Property of the City of and an identification number will be affixed to all such non -expendable property. An inventory of non -expendable property wi.11 be maintained by Contractor. .and made available to City at any time. • 1 V. OTHER 'I'I•:Rl1S AND CONDITIONS A. This Agreement is subject to the Contracts for Professional Services, Cenc'r'al 'Perin and Conditions, , a copy of which is attached hereto, market Exhibit "lt". The reference to -Prrb1 is Body in said t;enera.l. Terms shall mean the City and the reference to "Consultant" shall mean the Contractor. a • li. 1'Iti*: Contract is entered) into untlor they terms of the and in its performance, the Contractor shall not: discriminate nor permit discrimination against any person ber.nuse of race, color, religion, national. origin or sex. i.n the event of such discrimination, the City may terminate this Contract forthwith. C. City may establish performance, :standards and time limits for the accomplishment of specific activities related to the planning and implementation of the Scope of Services. D. All literature, advertising, publicity or promotion regarding the Contractor's activities will he submitted to City for review and approval prior to the release or distribution. 1 f no response is received from City within three (3) working clays of receipt of said material, Con- tractor m;iv release or distribute the submitted material. However. -no press conference ,ill be scheduled withoutprior written notice to City. E. Cont:ractor will transmit. to City, in writing, monthly reports regarding the activity and progress of Contractor's nc,t'ivitics in the format prescribed by City. F. Contractor wi.11 transmit to City, in writing, a summary report to he completed by the end of the contract term c'overi.ng all Project activities. The format of this report will be determined by City.' G. At the regnest of City, Contractor- wi.I.I transmit to City written statements of Contractor's official policyon specified issues relating to Contractor's activities. II. At the request of City, the Contractor will provide City the names and addresses of all officers and members of the governing board 11 111111111111111111111M11.114.11111 -6- r holdlnp, office during the term .of ibis Contract. contractor will moet regolaarly an r•riar•+ntprl'Hy city t« review th&t miatns and progress of the Project with representatives of City. 3. Contractor will carry fire and .theft insurance satisfactory to City on ail property paid for by funds provided through'this Contract. Liability insurance, acceptable to the City, will be maintained by the Contractor. • 1N WITNESS WHEREOF, the City and -the Contractor have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written. i Op • - l_ EXPLANATION OF SUGGESTED EXHIBITS IN THE SAMPLE CONTRACT I. EXHIBIT A (Work Program) The Scope of Services to be performed by the Miami Development Corporation should be clearly spelled out in an exhibit entitled "Work. Program". This exhibit should spell out in quantatative and qualitative terms the expected performance under the. contract. For example, the number of businesses to be developed, the type and size of entities to be developed, method by which the program is to be administered, etc. II. EXEHIBIT B (Data to be Furnished Contractor) The participation by the City of Miami should be clearly indicated in writing and made a part of the contract as a supportive mechanism. For example, studies and recommendations from the planning department; economic development studies and recommenda- tions from other consultants; commitments for funds for physical improvements on neighborhood commercial revitalization, etc. III. EXIHIBIT C (Budget) The budget to finance the corporation and specific categories relative to the administrative and investment activities should be detailed in this exhibit. IV. EXHIBIT D (Contract for Professional Services) This exhibit should contain any specific professional service requirements and conditions required by the City of Miami regarding performance and priority. • • B. CJ\PA3TLIT': PBI-;SC1flJ , MT)! Ip3PVTPI"3 F111??'1'lc)?(`; The Miami Development Corporation will be designed to provide a basis for packaging various financing tools for business development, neiglthorho d axnmrcial revitalization, Ell COMMtlity clevelopin'--ant as they relate to oonm3rcial activities. The Corporation will possess the capability to package its capital resources with other city, aunty, and federal incentives to naxi.mize the leveraging of private sector investment. Because of limitations' on the mount. of start-up funding, the staffing patte.rn is designed to carry oiit multiple functions. Business develop- ment financial packaging, and technical_ and managerial. assistana3 activities will be the key functiorsof the Iusiness I1ev&lol:ment Division of the Corporation. The Business Development Division should oonsi.st of one rranager and three professional developers. The developers should have business ntanagennent and financial. backgrounds. The Administrative Division should consist of the Executive Director and a Financial Officer. and one receptionist/typist will function of both divisions. (See Organizational Chart and.Suggested Job jT scri.ptions . ) Ito Corporation will carry out work programs in the fo110:•ri.ir; a l U e1N 1 A clerical staff of two secretaries handle the stenography, typing and filing 45 • • 1 • ale - Business development and loan packaging. - Neighborhood Comiercial Revitalization - Technical and managerial assistance. 1. Business Development and Loan Packaging This function will assist entrepreneurs in developing business plans and financial projections so as to provide the entrepreneur with a guide for his business operation and to obtain financing -for same. This staff of developers will also analyze and evaluate potential business expansions and Start-ups, develop detailed technical and operational plans, and financial projections and requirements -for entrepreneurs. These functions will be carried on by a staff of one (1) Business Development Manager, and three (3) Business Developers. (See attached position descriptions). 2. Neighborhood Commercial Revitalization 'this function will provide services to neighborhoods selected under the criteria developed by MDC. The focus of the activities would be to work with merchant groups in the - cdevelopment of a revitalization strategy and economic development plan for the neighborhood and to offer the assistance of the Business Development Division of MDC in providing financial assistance to merchants who wish to expand or remodel their facilities, and to new merchants comi.rig into the neighborhoods. 3. Technical and Managerial Assistance This function will be performed in relationship to the business development and loan packaging activities. Because of the limitation on the size of the staff (4) , most of the assistance should be given in merdnandising, marketing, financial and promotional assistance. 46 This function should include assist4n oe in developing oomhiercial strips and corridors on a neighborhood -by -neighborhood basis. Consultation on inventory procedures, accounting and bookkeeping should be considered. 4. I?elated Economic Development Activities The Corporation should consider future economic development services in (1) minority contract assistance (2) real estate development, and (3) oonprehenlsive neighborhood com ercial revitalization with adjacent housing devalopnnnit. It is not suggested that those activities be considered in the initial stages of the corporation. The staff and budget limitations will not permit at this time the- inclusion of those activities. The success of the quasi -public cot ration depends on the capabilities exhibited by the staff. The ability to relate politically to the City of Miami and the communities axe essential. T. high degree of professional competence and sophistication is necessary to create acceptance and stature for the corporation. Professionalism in terns of relating to the private financing community and federal agencies has to be of the highest quality to insure confidence in the corporation. Staff Training The administrative and professional staffs should undergo training to insure the widest possible e}osure.to techniques that will enable them to be proficient in the procedures of: 47. • • 1 1 • 1 1 • a 1. .1 ntake Counseling 2. Preliminary feasibility preparation 3. Packaging techniques for an I.DC (502) Submission 4. Packaging techniques for an SBA Guarantee Submission 5. Packaging techniques for DM Submission 6. Business plan analysis 7. annloping financing policy and procedures 8. Developing client selection criteria 48 1 BOARD OF' 1)1 ItECTO1ZS 1: xEc. IT i vE D REcro R (1) BUS !NESS DEVEL - CA' ER/MANAGE It ) NANC 'AL OFF' ICtR () SECRETARIAL ( 2 ) RECEPTIONIST(1) FINANCIAL, IT KAG 1 NG TECHNICAL • POSITION 'TITLE: Executive Director GENERAL. DiiVINITION: The President/Director the: chief administra- tor of the work process in developing program ap- proaches to upgrade, expand and develop small businesses within the City of Miami The wort: is performed under the general direction of the Board of Directors of M X. and under the contractual relationship established with the Department of Community Development of the City of Miami Assignments require program development, staff development, opportunity evaluation, financial planning, and administration. RESPONSIBILITIES: (Illustrative) Gives advice and information to the Board of MDC as requi red. imple- ments Board policy c%'ith respect to program direction and lending or investment practices. Works with private sector financial institutions to generate sources of loan and investment capital for small businesses within the City. Works witli local government in coordinating and imple- menting the overall approaches to business. and economic development activity.- Recruits staff for key leadership positions within the organ- ization, and translates organizational policythrough their work efforts. QUALIFICATIONS: Sound background and experience with respect to the following: Prin- ciples and practices of Business. Administration; Economic Development Programs, organizations,, trends, and developments; Governmental Mnna e- ment, budgeting and implementation management; and Financial Analysis and Investment. Completion of. a Bachelor's Degree program; Financial Planning, Accounting or Business Administration; Master's Degree in Urban Development, Busi- ness Development or Economic Development; and Minimum of five (5) years Administrative and Supervisory experience. Or, any equivalent combina- tion of acceptable education and experience. i i • 1 • a 1 POSITION i'I'1(.)N-'L'I'P1,E: r1:t1ERAt, DEFINITION: RESPONSIBILITIES: Manager - Business Development Division Thu MIn.I'le1 for Business Development shall have the primlr'/ rte:pc,n-.il.:ilit}' of carrying out the business packaging and development activities of the corporation and of - supervising the employees of this function. This position is under the guidance and - direction of the Executive ve Director. (Illustrative) The Manager shall have the primary responsibility, in conjunction with the Executive Director, of developing a program [Han designed to identify the kind, sizes and financial scale of business expected to be developed or assisted; shall assure that t:he staff .is properly assisting clients of the corporation. The purpose of such assistance shall be to conduct preliminary fensibi lities for such business ventures and when warranted, complete the packaging and financing of each business; shall assure that, each of the members ")f the division carries out such assistance o11 a timely and productive basis and makeS'ilppl:o- pri.ate notifications' to clients in the event of the discontinuance of any further: packaging activities or of any specific conditions effecting the productivity; and shall supervise the staff by reviewing all business packaging and loan proposals and shall assure that work of a professional quality is being carried out-. 'E'he. Manager shall also be responsible for assuring that funds required for .loan appl ieations and packages direct. 1y fram MEDC sh;:il 1 be projected and submi tt.cd to the Executive Di rector and I-inancial Officer to assure that appropriate and sill ficient funds are available for such business development. act ivities; sha1I bia responsible for filincj repo rts.on the current status and potential viability of each potential business within the division port fol io of cases and make recommendations as may be required; and shall also be r.esponsiblc for assuring that all admi.n- i strat.ive reports rcqui red by the corporation are properly developed and submitted. The manager silo 1I make recoflrlendatie)Il5 W.1t}l respect to the personnel which may be in the best interest of the corporation. QUALIFICATIONS: A college graduate With a BA in Business Administration or. Accounting and MBA with a minimum of three years of business development experience and three years of supervisory experience i11 a related field; or an - un1CIergra(.1uate degree in Business Administration or AcCiI.111t111Cj w1U}a- at least five years experience in a related field and a minimum of three ;'ears supervisory experience. Or any equivalent combination of: acceptable education and experience. POSITION TI'I'I,E: GENERAL DEFINITION: RESPONSIBILITIES: Business I)t'vr:' l opl'r,%1',It'I:aee r The Business Developer,'i'<(ckacler shall have the primary responsibility of providing continuing technical assistance to existing or newly created businesses, interviewing prospective entrepreneurs, counseling Cl ients, .and packaging business opportunities. The Business Developer/ Packager wi 11 be under the guidance and direction of the Business Development Manager. (Illustrati.ve) Thei3usiness Developer/Packager shall be responsible for preparing basic financial analysis (including working capital and fixed capital require- ments, cash flow schedules, operating projects, hreakeVen point state- ments, etc.) ; shall prepare applications for L :(n s, SBA, etc. ; shall prepare all financial background data; and shall he res1l)ns!hlu for assisting in the setting up of hooks of accounts for new husinesses and preparing the first few months' operating statement's. The Business Developer/Packager shall also be responsible for reviewing and approving completed business plans, and for the development of major projects in subcontracting, construction, supermarkets, etc. 11UI\LIFICATIoNS: A degree in Business or Accounting. Would prefer someone who has worked with CPA, IRS, hanks or other financial institutions and has somrec>:- perienc.e working with small business concerns and community organizations. Or, any equivalent combination of ac:r;eptahle education and experience. •• 1 • t • 7 POSITION TITLE GENERAL DEFIIlI`I'IC)IJ: RESPOINSII3ILITIES: Taking, recording and transcribing of dictation on correspondence; articles reports, or other material. Typing a variety of reports, specifications, statistics, tabulations; and similar material. Compose and type answers to routine requests for information. Perform other related duties as required. Stut.i:;t.ic• ►1 Stenociraphet Consists of stenciclraphie and moderately complex c�: clerical o.lk. Wotl; i:; performed under. the general supervision of d divisional manager or an administrative supervisor and is_of a complex nature. Assignments are carried out in accordance with standard secretarial practices and general work instructions. (Illustrative) QUALIFICATIONS: Knowledge of business engl.ish, spelling, punctuation, office practices, procedures, Corporation rules, regulations and functions. Should possess ability to apply all of the above to work problems. High School Diploma or equivalent of three to five years of secretarial experience. Able Lo type 70 words per, nli nuts , aic:curat,e stenographic skills at 80-100 words per minute, and use of dictaphonc machine. Or any equivalent combination of acceptable education and experience. t 1 PoS1'1'IoN '1'1'1'L1;: GENERAL DEFINITION: RLSPONS113ILITIES: Answering telephone and personal inquiries, routing visitors and calls to proper area of office, secure and give out routine infoitnation, type form letters, reports, memoranda and general correspondence, operate electric typewriter, call directory, xerox machine and other office equipment. Perform other related duties as required. Receptionist/Typist Responsi blc tor answer i nri c ,ill directory and reception di -ea of office. Itut.ies and ,assign- ments are performed in accordance with detailed i:ist ructi ctns and under an immediate ,supervisor. They include typing and some beginning level clerical work. (Illustrative) QUALIFICATIONS: Good speaking voice and neat appearance.. Knowledge of business english, spelling and .arit:hretic.• Ability to learn assigned clerical tasks within a reasonable training period, to understand and_ carry out oral and written instructions, to type from clear copy with accuracy, at approximately 60 words per minute. High school diploma or business school required with three (3) years and/or Typist. Or, any equivalent combination experience as Receptionist of acceptable education and experience. } a a 1 C71PP i'ER IX - F 1NJ NC l AI, RESOURCE;.-1 A. SOURCES OP IUlIDS The best sour of funds from clovernnrntal programs is the I)-part:Dent of (lousing and L1.rban 112velop ent's Community Dove:l.ot/rent Block Grant (CDI3G) Rinds. The tecul ations in regard to eligible economic developnent activities are ].i lrral. �u��� f l e::il:?l.e but are also very specific and apply to the proposed financial activities. C')13G funds of at least Five 1-lundred Thousand Collars will. be required for the establishment of the 301(d) SITC. These finds will then lx: deposited in a bank from which a like arrt unt will be borrov,ed and granted to another corporation which t'.'il.l 172cnnm the stockholder of the l,ll',SBIC. Folds to cx�ver administrative costs are also eligible from CUI3G sources. In -kind contributions from other sources will_ greatly offset the initial start-up cost (office equipment and furniture, supplies, and spao:-2) . Staff ti_rri: is not reconr,'ended on this basis. The cx)tporation should acti.'.eiy seek grants and contracts from other federal and local. sources, and coordinate with all city and cxnunty agencies. 13. OPT;RR`I'1!t.NG PLIIX'I• T An operating budget: to provicb the staff and serr/lops d`scri1x d in aiapter VIII has been set at $241,400 for the first year of operation. This budget has t:.x?n kept on a minimum basis and should be. reviewed when the 01)'ration has developed a t.r,u.i: recz)rd. 49 • • 1 s t. PERSONNEL: 1 Executive Director 1 Financial Officer 1. 1.1atnager 3 Developers $1.7, 000 2 Secretaries 1 Receptionist OP1 RAT1 N'1 1'UDc.;ET • MONTHLY _PERCENT SALARY or TIME TOTAL COST $ .1,g1.6.66 100%, $ 23,000 1,416.67 100?, 1.7,000 1 , 666 . 67 100% 2n , 000 4,250.00 .1.00%, 5.1,0.00 2,166.67 100% 26,000 833.33 1.007; 10,000 .1.47,000 16 I. 'CONSULTANTS: Accounting & Legal. $10, 000 Economic Development 20' Fringe 29,400 TOTAL PERSONNEL $I76 , 4 00 10,0n0 20,000 11. SPACE: 2,500 c1. ft. $10.00 25,000 IV: RENTAL, PURCHASE EQUIPMENT 10,000 ,V. Consumable Supplies 5,000 IVI. Transportation 5,000 TOTAL OPERATING. BUDGET y241 , 4UU 11 11 PERSONNEL: OPE1A1IA31 kUOGET MONTHLY PERCENT SALARY OE TIME TOTAL COST 1 Execntive Director $ 1,016.66 100% $ 23,000 1 Financial Officer 1,116.67 ]no?, 17,0o0 1 Manager 1,666.67 100% 20,000 3 Developers 0 $17,000 4,250.00 100% 51,0.00 2 Secretaries 2,166.67 1.00% 26,000 1 Eeceptionist R33.13 inoi, to,oHo 1,47,000 20?, Fringe 29,400 TOTAL PERSONNEL $176,400 CONSULTANTS: Accounting & Lego]. $10,000 Economic Development SPACE: 2,500 sg. ft. fl $10.00 IV: RENTAL, PURCHASE EQUIPMENT 'V. Consumable SOpplies 1VI. Transportation 10,.000 20,000 TOTAL OPERATING BUDGET 25,000 10,000 5,000 5,000 .-241,4uo i • i 7 (.', SUPI'OIVC MIX:'IN•J1511; There arc various sources to be used for the dewloprrent:.of resources for flit crilp.)ratlon, i.e., T mnnin c D,r.71.7!lopiTent Administration, Sn>11.1. Busi.noss T'.11tinistrati.nn's direct lending, and the oaunty's ta::- o:•:onpt: authority. Ilot:+giver, in order to o.i.fn bettor financial leverage, the folk -wing two basic support. rt. nrchan.i.sms should be cnnsidered as priority: (1) ti(.SI31.C. 301. (d) STIR: The mist flexible and useful. i_nst:rtrunt in inner. -city etxonomic develotprt>~nt activity is a 301(d) SI.3.IC (NlES17JC) . Current SBA Pcclul.ati.ons provides for a four -to -one t11.=1tcii for 11.S13:1.Cs which are capitalized at: a minimum of Fiv:n Hundred 7'holts;uul ($500,000.00) Dollars and participate in Venture Capital financing. Clients who are eligible include minorities, veterans; and the socially disadvantaged as well. as socially disadvantaged areas. This makes for a wide and flexible use of .funds. • Al typical, mi.nimtnn $500,000 M1,5J3IC euul.d provide the fo1lcnvincj leverac.les : :initial Capitalization $ 500,000 Si3A Preferred S to,:l; 3'` 1,000,000 Minds Available W/C) !ti •I ,t $ 1 , 500 :000 St311 Debentures ('I'rvasurer. Rite) $ 1,000,000 'Dotal Capital for. investnont $ 2,500,000 X4# Private Leverage Estimated 1.0,000,000 'TYPAL FUNEG AVAILABLE $12 , 500 , 000 50 1 1 1 1 • A quasi-111.th] supported tr!:" nvc2rhoad /72:7 Yinso rirrged into 11v, staff 1P nt Id operation of the Miami 112vt21opriunt CorTorLi.on. A MESI31C cn iy.Daoluireci i.n several ways. The 'lost: desi rabic. i.5 to have El TIESBIC donated to the ciDrporation by another curporation, individual, or arpany for the tax tyiefits. Buying a MESBIC or investing into an existing one is another way in which acccss can Ix, attained in a short perioe.1 of Lire. The safest: way to start a IT:SBIC is h..) subrd t an original application to the Small Business Administration. Bc.,,.rwr, this process mad take at least six nrnths from date of application to lio3nse and would require SO! V.1.oqal fees. (2) Section 502 - Local 1.1.-n2Jourt-mt. Corporation (UV) Poal estate and equiptrent financing can implerrented thrnurth the Miami Devolopient Corporation as WC elegible activity. The f3oarcl corTosition of 25 nutters; qualifies the mrporation to bprrcy...7 funds from the SBA under its 502 program. This highly low.raged function should be. set up as follu4s: LDC Front Abney $100,000 SBA leveraged Funds 900,000 $.1,000 , 000 The leveraging of SBA funds for this type of financing can excee.,.,.4 its nine to one leverage under the 502 SBA program by operating under the following procedures: J.. The L.DC requires two and a half rr,..rcnnt of its ten permnt from the client (ef fectiNe Participation 7-1 . 51 • 1 1 1 1 2. After the first two denl'1 t 4IP 1d �:" �.?:n.t.lcl t r'q i,ne the client to inject at least seven and a half I.Y�rcr.mt. (7-1./2?) of the front nutlet'. 3. Or after a succ sstul credit rmlati.onshi.p with the SBA (can be as few as two deals) require the client to inject t]to entire front mmcy requirenrntS. 'fllcrefO►C, i t is possible to lew!rar : One Hundred 'thousand Dollars ($1.00,000.00) to c.)ne Mill ion Five hundred '1' lousanil ($1,500,000.00)11)liars for real estate and egtuplrent financing. D. VEtF'.1'UPl? C'J'J'i7.YU., 1.'LIIIX3 To finance the above e.eve1opni nts, a venture capital fund from public sources of Seven lluldred '1'Itousaitd ($700,000.00) Dollars will essential, and should be allocated as fol.l (Ws 301(0) 5t31C U•1l" BIC) 502 SBA Financing *Fisk Capital. Fund $500,000 100,000 100,000 $700,000 • *The risk capital fund should be used to levur_actc bank participation on a short term basis or interim financing. 52 1 • • Ci1AP'1'L,It X - C:1\'17VO; ( I' 1'11.><;f?70-t.; These program sT.m,i ari.es present i.nfoniv i.on on federal., state and local. rlevc-21olArent prcxjra1TTs 4ihi_cb i-nl ate to coniiiunity, ln.tti.ness and eojtlonic clot+.1opf*rnt:. Each program i.s outlined in terms of funding eligible activities, c].i.Cfi.l)l.(' reci.pi.ents/appl.icaTlt:.s, key pr.•ocwam features and lnqul.1Lic)ns, selection criteria, and appli.cati.on proff.Oures 53 • E DA • t HUD SBA 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS ■ Title I. Public Works Grants Title II Business Development Loans and Guarantees Title III Technical Assistance Grants Section 302 Economic Development Planning Grants Section 304 Supplemental Grants Title IX Economic Adjustment Grants'for Sudden and Severe Economic 'Dislocation Title IX Economic Adjustment Grants for Long Term Economic Deterioration Trade Adjustment Assistance Section 108 Loan Guarantees UDAG Section 312 Rehabilitation Loans Community Development Block Grant 7 (a) Loans and Guarantees 7 (i) Equal Opportunity Loans 'Section 502 Loans and Guarantees (Local Development Corporation) SBIC's/MESBIC's • UMTA Urban Initiatives Joint Development Program State of Florida Industrial Loan Program Dade County Industrial Development Authority (Industrial Revenue Bonds) ail email Mil MIN Mil Mill A E NI AGENCY/P :OCPA'1/ FUNDING LEVELS EDA Title I Public Works grants (and loans) FY 79 S64.2 million .FY SO S7S.7 million (proposed) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Grants for acquistion, development or expansion of public works infra- structure and facilities in support of Long term business and job develop- ment. Can include in- dustrial park develop- ment, streets, utlities, access roads, rail spaces, port facility dev't, ped- estrain malls, training centers, health centers, etc. Loans are available -for the same purposes but are rarely made. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS State and local governments, economic development dis- tricts, public or private non-profit organizations re- presenting an EDA-designated redevelopment area where economic growth is behind rest of nation or which Secretary determines has de- monstrated long-term econo- mic deterioration. Project must be in an EDA designated redevelopmtn` area. EDA TITLE I tlly iiMid ill AO KEY PROGRAM FEATURES; REGULATIONS Grants of from 50-10n of project cost depending on localit;; (e.g. 60- 70'4, in poverty areas, MP.; in disaster areas, 100J in munici- palities which have demonstr- ably exhausted their taxing and borrowing capacity) . Loans of up to 100"s of project cost arc also authorized but less common than grants. Title I funds cannot be used to relocate an industry or job from one area to another or to assist garment industries. CDBG funds can be used as the local match for Title I funds. Must have approved and up to date OEDP. SELECTION CRITERIA Jobs per dollar is a key criterion. Community support also weighs heavily. Other criteria include: - leveraged private invest- ment - economic need - support-from other fund- ing sources -past EDA assistance (needy _areas that have received little or no ED:\ assist- ance in the past may re- ceive higher priority) APPLICATION PROCEDURES Contact EDR Prepare project profile for regional office review. Fill out pre -application for regional office review. Make formal application for regional office review. Projects of greater than $750,000 require Washing- ton office review. 90 days minimum appii�,.tLon process. EDA TITLE I id Mill # • dill kin 11111111111 Mid MIN 11111 1 W■ i IMO A(F C': I7Rn(;t FU Di G LEVELS EDA Title i Business Development Loans Code of Federal Regulations 13 CFR 306 FY 79 $56.9 '-IiiliJn FY $0 $L 5 "iilLion 50/50 Urban -Rural Sp1i- ELICI?L% .ACTIVITIES Loans _ and loan ,uarantees for fi: ed assets and work- in4 capital. (Occasionally lease rental ,,uarancees and interest subsidies) ELICTBLZ APPLICANTS/RECIPIENTS Individuals, private or public :-oroor- ations which develop projects co 'Ce located in an EDX-designated area here economic growth is behind rest of the nation or :which Secret_ r: determines has demonstrated Long -tar economic deterioriation. NiormaLl , private business firms [J:\ i i ILL: L i id ill ilk dill M i MIr - :E`. PROGRAM . ATURESi REGLL TTGNS Projects of less than S500,000 are usually referred to the SBA Maximum S5 Million for direct loans Maximum S25 Million for loan guarantees 10: of :'roject cost must be equity 57 of project cost must be contributed by a state, local government or community group. l Loans limited to 05: of total ^roje_ct -cost Guarantees can cover up to 9 0: of a private loan 25 Years maximum on fixed assets 5 Year maximum on wonting capital SELECT:, N CRI_TE^L.!RE OL _RE:r_ TS Requires t::o fetters from sicea::Le lending institutions declining financing Requires evidence that no other federal financing is available Requires letter of cotrr.itment from lending institution stating terms Commitment of equity funds Commitment of local development organization to participate Projects of Million may stud: by an greater than S1 recuire a feasibility independent consultant Special Impact Areas( ie South Bronx) receive higher priority CEDS projects receive higher priority Minority projects receive higher priorit•. Proiect rust be consistent with approved OEDP Guarantees preferred to direct lending • Must be in EDA designated area APPLICATION PROCEDURES Requires approved nrDP Contact EDR or Regional Office Fill out "nro'ile report Meet project review committee( regional leval) Submit formal application Process may take as long as one year EDA TITLE II id Mil MN MO lila Milli or MI I AGENCY/PRD;RAM/ELn:DI::G LEVELS EDA Title III Technical Assistance grants 301 (a) FY 79 29.7 m±.11ion FY 80 17.8 million II ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Project related technical studies and assistance e.g. feasibility studies, engineering studies, and technical support for project implementation- M a (pa r III ELIGIBLE 2,ECIPTENTS/ 1PPLLCA2ITS Business firms, non-portit develop- ment organizations, state and Local governments, regional development groups, Indian tribes, economic development districts. EDA Title III Technical Assistance Grants W- WW1 __ ill OKA 111111 MI i i i IV KEY PROGRAM FE_ATLT.ES / REGULATION Flexible source funding for studies and staff support for development projects. Money can fund government agencies non-profit groups and business firms. In general, EDA will fund only up to 75% of project costs. Funding levels are declining for this program V SELECTION CRITERIA 1) Economic need(through project need not be in EDA designated redevelopment area) 2) Employment and income impacts 3) Project feasibility 4) Quickness of impact 5) Capacity of recipient EDA Title III Technical Assistance Grants VI APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact EDR Most decisions made at regional office level Pre application w/EDR All thur' EDR ill Mil iiiiiill MN ilia al i MINI M a11 M — I AGENCY/PROGRAM/FLNDING LEVELS EDA 302-(a) Economic Develop- ment Planning Grants II ELIGIBLE ACTI;'ITIES Staff salaries and reiatud administrative expenses in support of: Coordination of local economic development activities Economic research and analysis Design and creation of economic development institutions Economic development policy analysis Creation/Design of Economic Development Strategy e.g. CEDS • III ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS Eligibiity. Axrr state, city or other political subdivision of a state. or a substate planning and development organization(including a redevelopment area or an economic development district). States and local political subdivisions do not have to represent an EDA-designated redevelopment area. EDA 302 (a) Economic Development Planning Grants ill NMI Mill NMI OM Mil i id MI a i — i IV KEY PROGRAM IEATURES/REGULATIONS Require 25Z Local match CDBG can be used as local match Most grants to local governments in $75,000 to $150,000 range Purpose of program is to develop in house economic development planning and programming capacity Not meant to be used directly for implementation of projects One year grants, renewable. Most grants have been renewed during past 4 years. 302 can pay for consultants but excessive use of outside expertise is disoniirag.'d by EDA. V SELECT LCN CRLTERI_- Based on need, capacity, geographic distributions, public/private partnership, existing plans, EDA track record. EDA encouraging CEDS tape approach to planning process VI APPLLCATION PROCEDURE Contact EDA regional office or DAS for Policy, Planning Research in Washington, D.C. EDA 302 Ca) Economic Development Planning Grants i dill 111 i_ AM Mill __ a Mill III IB — NM I AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS EDA Section 304 Supp ie:nental Grants tI ELIGTBLE ACTIVITIES Supplement existing EDA projects funded under Title I, II. III, and IS. Grants to profit -making entities are excluded. III ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS States States may distribute funds to state agencies, municipalities, EDA redevelopment areas, economic development districts, and non- profit organizations. EDA 304 Supplemental Grants II Ali dile MINI Mill dial 1 gkill I — M IS 1■ N a I" KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS State must provide 25Z-share in state (not local) money for each project. 304 has relatively little money in it . About $500,000 per state per year. V SELECTION; CRITERIA Ali APPLICATION PROCEDURE Each state is allocated an amount according to a formula States distribute funds on a discretionary basis. Contact state EDA representation EDA 304 Supplemental Grants ■ MIS- ail i i i i i ire i an AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS EDA Title IX Economic Adjustment Assistance - Long Term Economic Deterioration - (LTED) FY 79 S45.7 million FY 80 $40.2 million ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Extremely Flexible project funding including Planning Public Works Business Loans Public Service Rent Supplements Relocation Training Capitalization of Revolving loan Funds Unemployment Compensation ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS States and local jurisdictions. Economic Development Districts, and non-profit respresentatives of EDA designated redevelopment areas. Project :oust be within an EDA desig- nated redevelopment area and must meet at least one of three criteria: 1) Unemployment rate of 12% or higher 2) Per capita income of 75% of national average or less 3) Chronic distress - failure to keep pace with national growth trends over last six years. hide nears at least 3 of 4 following criteria: 1) 5 year unemployment rate greater than national average 2) Six year rate of employment less than national average 3) Six year rate of growth in population less than national average 4) Six year absolute dollar charge in per capita income less than national ave rage FDA "TTL IX (LTEO) MI O MIN aissigiii Mai lid M d i 1i i 1 KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/ REGULATIONS Very flexible program for project funding. EDA has encouraged innovative experiment projects. Eligibility criteria exclude many localities. Require preparation of Economic Adjustment Plan Implementation grants often proceeded by a planning grant to prepare the required adjustment plan. No grants to private businesses -only loans Can capitalize revolving loan funds $15 million has been set aside spec- ifically for this purpose. Generally limited to $5 million per grant. Generally, EDA will fund only 75% of project costs but this has been received in some areas. SELECTION CRITERIA Preference to areas experiencing outmigration of industry and population, decline of tax base, physical deteriorative of infras- tructure, and declining public services. Preference given if: 1) highly targeted to economically distressed population 2) applicant has capacity to implement and administer project 3) land and facilities avail- able_tor development 4) central to goals of OEDP, 302, CEDS 5) innovative 6) high amount of private investment 7) diverse funding sources APPLICATION PROCEDURES Contact EDR or regional Title It Coordinator Pre -proposal renewed by regional and Washington offices Pre-applicati':e conference with regional office Application submitted and renewed by regional and Washington offices EDA TITLE IX (LTED) di Oil -10 lin if M , US MN AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS EDA Title IX Economic Adjustment Assistance --Sudden and severe Economic Dislocation (SSED) FY 79 S45.7 million FY 80 S40.2 million ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Extremely Flexible project funding including: Planning Public Works Business Loans Public Services Rent Supplements Relocations Training Capitalization of Revolving loan • Funds Unemployment Compensation FDA TT"'.,. IN (SS'D) 111111 NO NMI IIP �.-Oil NMI - ELIGIBLE ^ECIPIE`iTS/APPLICANTS States, local jurisdictions, Economic Development Districts, and non-profit representatives of EDA designated redevelopment areas. SSED funds do not have to be targeted specifically to EDA-designated redevelopment areas, but the following criteria must be met. If the unemployment rate of the applicable Labor Market Area or SMSA exceeds the national average If the unemployment rate of the applicable Labor Market Area or SMSA is equal to or less than the national average For Areas within Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas The dislocation must amount to 0.5% of the employed population or 4,000 direct jobs. The dislocation must amount to 1% of the employed population or 8,C00 direct jobs. For areas not in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas The dislocation must amount to 2% of the employed population or 500 direct jobs The dislocation must amount to 4% of the employed population or 1,000 direct jobs EDA TITLE IX (SSED) __ Mil Mid M MI KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Very flexible programs for project funding. EDA has encouraged innovative experimental projects. Eligibility criteria exclude many localities. Require preparation of Economic Adjust- ment Plan Implementation grants often preceeded by a planninz grant to prepare the required adjustment plan No grants to private businesses- only loans Can capitalize revolving loan funds $15 million has been set aside specifically for this purpose generally limited to.S5 million per grant generally, EDA will fund only 75% of project costs but this has been received in some cases SELECTION CRITERIA Preference given to places in which permanent loss of jobs is great in both absolute and relative terms Preference given to places where change in economy is very severe and precipitated, at least in part. by federal government actions Preference .given based on: 1) Adequate capacity to implement and administer project 2) Community support 3) Amount of private invest- ment (leverage ratio) 4) Innovative approaches 5) Diverse funding sources 6) Extent of indirect benefits APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact EDR or regional Title IX Coordinator Pre -proposed renewal by regional and Washington offices Pre -application conference with regional office Application submitted and renewed by regional and Washington offices EDA TITLE IX (SSED) al MI NM i MIMI NIB AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS Dept. of Commerce and EDA Trade Adjustment Assistance FY 79 T.A. $19.4 Million FY 79 Bus. Devt. $76.4 Million FY 80 T.A. S18.G }lillion FY 80 Bus. Devt. $74.0 Million ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Technical Assistance Diagnosis of firm's problems Assistance in Preparing Adjustment -plans Assistance with certification for eligibility Miscellaneous Technical Assis- tance Financial Direct loans and loan guarantees for acquisition, modernization, construction, installation, development, conversion, or expansion of land, plant, buildings, equipment, facilities or machinery or for working capital. Also for start ups and business acquisitions Unemployment Compensation for laid off workers ELIGIBLE P.ECIPIENTS/APPLIC:LETS Trade Impacted Firms which meet the following criteria: 1) 50 workers force have laid off or 5Z of ,work been or will be 2) Sales, production or both have decreased 3) Increases in directly compet- itive imports have contributes significantly to the threat of layoffs Communities can apply but EDA dis- courages this preferring co use standard titles I & II loans and assistance. It is difficult to document the effects of trade on an entire community T,.C....r,-T "SS'-....:CF FEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Longer terms available than on most standard EDA loans Not restricted to EDA designated areas Applicant must be certified as being eligible. The Dept. of Commerce can assist applicants with the certification procedure. Firm may worth of but must $10,000 receive up to $25,000 technical assistance pay for 25% of cost beyond SELECTION CRITERIA App Lications received on care -by -care basis Firm's ability to recover must be demonstrated Managerial ability to be innovative and Flexible is key Expansion or diversification of product lines is encour- aged • APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact Trade Adjustment Assistance Center (TAAC) or EDA regional office Submit petition for certification (tech assistance available for this) Financial assistance or extensive technical assistance will require and adjustment proposal/plan Submit adjustment proposal to TAAC or EDA regional o_ficu for review DEPT. OF CONNERCE AND EDA TRADE ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE di Mill idial Mil NMdi i i i .ice i i M_ AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS HUD 108 Loan Guarantees Pi 1979-80 3.5 Billion ceiling ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES .Guarantees notes or other obligations of local governments or designated public agencies to: - Acquire real property for community and economic development purposes - Rehabilitate real property owned or acquired by the local government - Relocation payments - Clearance and demolition - Site improvements - Interest subsidies (no funds appropriated for this by Congress yet) ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLIC_:TS Any city central to an SMSA Any city within an SMSA of 50,000 population or more Any urban county Public agencies designated by such applicants HUD 108 LOAN GUARANTEES 1�Mill 40, y 111111 I 11•11i a- M L KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS CDBG funds must be pledged to cover issues Amount guaranteed cannot exceed three times the annual CDBG entitement grant (CDBG) Payment period on notes limited to six years unless otherwise authorized by HUD Beginning in fiscal year 1980 reg— ulations will allow notes to be sold on private market Public agency must not previously' own land suitable for purpose of real property acquisition if involved SELECTIO`: CRITERIA Public policy criteria sure or CDBG program APPLICATIOM PROCEDURE Include as part of an ammendment to CDBG application to HUD 108 proposed should include: Project Summary Schedule for repayment of loan/note Proposed Instrument for pledging CDBG funds Environmental review assessment HUD 108 LOAN GUARANTEES MI Mid MUM dial dill N; . 1 — 1111111. a all — M \GENCY/PROS y1I/F :D[/G LEVEES HUD Urban Development Action Gran: (U &GZ FY 73 S400 million FY `9 gsQO million FY 30 S400 miLLLon 5100 million each year for small cities EEZS£3L &ETT0£2133 Very Flexible Funding for pro}--c-a. I=E1idei £=E3£a4 for public facilities, infrastructure, services, housing rehabilitation. land acouis:ti.n. slearan e , preparation, relocation, business loans and guarantees equity supplements, interest subsidies, miscellaneous financial arrangements. Can be used to suD Levent CDSG funds_ UDAG dad MilkIOW A Mill 1 r MI M MIMI ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLIC_NTS 1. Metropolitan cities withpopulations over 50,000, urban counties and small cities with popu- lations 50,000 or less. At least 259. of the action grant funds must be used for small which are not central cities of SMSA's. A participating community block grant activities already underway. THUD has established a specific and economic distress. Metropolitan cities and urban is less counties must meet three of the six distress criteria. If their percentage of poverty cities than one-half of the median for all metropolitan cities, they must meet four of the six dis- tress criteria. >1. Age of Housing - 34.5 of the housing stock Quilt prior to1940. Income - a net increase in per capital income from 1969 to 1974 of $1424 Per Capita or less. S Population lag/decline - population growth of 15.52. or less From 1960 to- 19: 5 4. Unemployment - an unemployment rate of 6.9r, or more for. 1977. S. Job lag/decline - a growth rate in -manufacturing or retail employment of 7.08; or less from 1967 to 1972. 6. Poverty - at least 11.24 of the population must be at the federal poverty level. Small cities (population under 50,000 which are not central cities of SMSA''s) must meet a level of distress based on population. ITDAG i - i i - -. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/RECIPIENTS (cont'd) Minimum Standard Population 49,9na - 25,000 5 factors 24,999 - 10,000 4 factors 9,999 - 2,500 3 factors UDAG id ANN _Midi irk KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS 'Front-end" money to stimulate private investment. lone• is given to city which, Ln turn, can be used to support private development. 'generally requires ; it a -)rivate dollars for each public dollar invested. Requires expression of commitment 27. part of private investors and lenders. am Ili a is MI i SELECTION CRITERIA • Timeliness and Feasibility with Probable Resources Can the project be implemented quickly and completed within 4 ;ears? Can it be accomplished within the resources likely- to be available (UDAG and other)? • Extent of Private Resources/Participation How much private financial involvement is foreseen in the proposal? Hoc: much private non -financial involvement is foreseen e. y. , commitment of businesses to locate or remain in proiect area)? l'That is liklihood of up -front private commitment? • Impact on the Special Problems Of Low - and Moderate - Income Persons and Minorities !low much benefit -will the proiect bring to low - income and minorities, in terms of: -employment or entrepreneurial opportunities -housing opportunities -filling deficiencies in public or private facilities or supportive services? o Imuact on Physical. Fiscal or Economic Deterioration Physical impact: - improvements in the housing stock -public improvements or facilities - provision or improvement of commercial and industrial facilities UDAG a — s — als + iin — s■-■ - is so ma SELECTION CRITERIA (cont'd) _Fiscal impact: improvements in the City's tax base Economic impact: increased long-term employment opportunities for residents Unique Opportunity To what extent does the project represent a special or unique opportunity to meet local priority needs in economic or neighborhood revitalization, such as by the scale or timing of the project, its impact on an -immediate need, or the ability to overcome special local funding or legal constraints?? Extent of other Public Financial Participation What is the potential for involving other public funds in the project, such as the City's general fund, matching other ederal grants, direct participation of other federal agencies (e.g. EDA,UMT_\, SBA)? a Minority Equity Interest Will minorities share in the profits of the project by holding an equity interest`.' s- Recapture Public Investment Does the project involve loans, -leases, resalr or profits to the City that can be re- invested for other economic development or neighborhood revitalization uses? UD.\G is a 4, aim ii li mat llaam ril MOS i i IN i i i APPLICATION PROCEDURES Applications arc made by the City to HUD. Before making a formal application for UDAG funds each applicant must go through a pre -application procedure. The HUD area office of community planning and developmnet makes a determination of eligibility based on establishing the locality's level of physical and economic distress and their past performance in providing equal opportunity' in housing and employment for low and moderate income persons_ Applications are accepted and processed the first month of each quarter. Grants are made -quarterly based on a competitive application process. Funding decisions are made at the end of each quarter for metropolitan cities and urban counties and one month later for small cities. Application must contain: 1) a proiect description 2)a summary of part performance with respect to housing and community development activities, particularly with respect to low and moderate income persons, 3)quantified impact estimates concerning provision of housing and employment, equity interest by minority investors, and displacement of re- sidents and businesses, 4)documentation of elibility 5)evidence of legally binding public and private resource commitments or "letters of intial", 6)sununary- of all project exczenditures /costs, 7)schedule for project completion, 3)map of jurisdiction showing project and 4)certi- fication of written citizens participation plan, contact HUD area office for further details. UDAG II d l ill vll111 11 II a y.. a4d a A AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES HUD Section 312 Rehabilitation Loans FY 7S FY 79 FY 80 $79 million S2b0 million $180 million (proposed) Finance or refinance re- habilitation of residential commercial or mixed use pro- perties to comply with local housing and building codes. 40',, of each loan can be used for improvements beyond code standards. -Energy saving and pollution control water ale and equipment can also be financed• ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS Borrower must 1) own property ') Be unable to secure financing. 3) Show potential to repay No income limits but program �ocus is on low to moderate income borrowers. HUD 312 REHAB LOANS datirtaidi a ala 11111 Ini i mg KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Unlike SBA program, HUD 312 borrowers need not be business- men and need not occupy 319, of thebuildinti. Also, 312 can be used for miffed commercial/ residential buildings. Funds can be used only: in designated CDBG and Urban Homesteading target areas. SELECT:JN CRITERIA HUD penalises localities with greater. than 10', delinquent loan accounts with HUD or Federal National Mortgage Assn. (Fannie Mac) Loans arc based upon "acceptable risk" and "need for rehabilitation" criteria. $100,000 maximum per loan Interests rates are low: 3 or more Chief exec. officer of corp- oration or partners assume per- sonal liability for debt in addition to security offered by mortage or porperty. 5 year rent regulatory agreements required. APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact HUD area office HUD 312 REIL\B LOANS i ilia __ itMil ill AGENCY/PROGRAM Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) (as used for economic development purposes) HUD ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES 1. Physical Improvements and Public Works a. For details contact local community development office b. Eligible activities include land acquisi- tion, clearance, reloca- tion, write -downs, public_ works, facilities and improvements. c. Construction and rehabili- tation of commercial and industrial facilities is permissable. 2. Planning and Administrative Costs a. Can pay for staff for LDC, MESBIC, or non-profit development corporation. b. Can pay to create economic development portion of Com- munity Development Plan. 3. Business Financing a. Can be used for small commercial rehabilitation loans, grants, interest sub- sidies and rebates, i.e. up to about $25,000. b.' Can be used to capitalize a MESBIC, and LDC (counts as "local share") and non-profit development corporations. (cont.) ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS Entitlement communities. Contact HUD area office or local community development department for details. ilkises Irms MI MI AGENCY/PROGRAM ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS c. Restrictions are vague and interpreta- tion of resgulations and eligible activities may vary from one HUD area office to another i1 — IIII — — — it AIM id i i . ■ ' EN KEY FEATURES/REGULATIONS Block grant format. Local decision -makers make allocation decisions. Funds are very flexible. Covers housing, social service and public works functions in addition to economic development. Funds are distribited throughout the CD target area which tends to cover a large portion of most cities. Focus is on assisting low and moderate income persons. Focus is also on activities which develop a particular neighborhood. Typical economic development activities/projects include neighborhood commercial revitali- zation programs, public works for larger commercial and industrial development projects and support for small and minority business programs. SELECTION CRITERIA Entitlement. Contact local community development office or HUD area office Funds are allocated locally according to community development plan. Citizen participation is required in allocation. Most funds should directly benefit low and 'moderate income persons and neighborhoods. APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact local community development office or HUD area office. Community development application requires a 3 ye plan, a housing assistance • plan, and citizen participa tion. AGENCY/PROGR.AM/FUNDING LEVELS SBA 7 (a) Business loans and guarantees ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Direct loans and guarantees for construction, conver- sion, expansion, equipment, facilities, machinery, supplies, materials, working capital. Guarantees for up to 90. of bank loan. Purposes same above. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS Most businesses including farms that are: 1)independently owned and operated and not dominant in their fields; 2)unable to obtain private financing on reasonable terms; 3)qualified as "small" under SBA's size standards, based on dollar volume of business or number of employees. SMALL BUSINESS SIZE. STANDARDS Annual Recei: A. For Loans Not Exceedini Service Retail Wholesale General Construction $2-S8 million S2-$7' milli: S9 $22 milli $91_ million Special Trade Construe- S5 million tion Farming and Related Activities $275,000 Average Annual Number of Employees Not Exceeding Manufacturing 250-1,500 SBA 7(a) Loans and Loan Guarantees d ii Mill dill I MINI 1 dill MN i gi 1EIi AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVELS SBA 7 (a) Business loans and guarantees ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Direct loans and guarantees for construction, conver- sion, expansion, equipment, facilities, machinery, supplies, materials, working capital. Guarantees for up to 90Z of bank loan. Purposes same above. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS Most businesses including fares that are: 1)independently owned and operated and not dominant in their fields; 2)unable to obtain private financing on. reasonable terms; 3)qualified as "small" under SBA's size standards, based on dollar volume of business or number of employees: SMALL BUSINESS SIZE STANDARDS Annual Recei. A. For Loans Not Exceeding Service Retail Wholes ale General Construction. $2-S8 million S2-S7=: millio S9; $22 mill_ $91_ million Special Trade Construe- S5 million tion Farming and Related Activities 5275,000- Average Annual Number of Employees Not Exceeding Manufacturing 250-1, 500 SBA 7(a) Loans and Loan Guarantees 1 dill Mil dill al dila i i -■ all i KEY PROG .AM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Maximum amount 5500,000 SBA share. Working capital loans limited ta 7-10 years. Portions of loans for construction and requisition of real estate up to 20 years. Equipment loans limited to 10-15 years. Real Estate loans limited to 15-20 years. Interest rates pegged at 111% above federal treasury rates. Businessman must generally pledge personal- assets as collateral for loan. Normally a 20t equity in- iection by the entrepreneur is required though this re- quirement relaxed occasionally. SELECTION CRITERIA Inability to obtain other financing. Viability of business package in terms of market, competence of businessman, financial pro forma. APPLICATION PROCEDURE Fill out SBA Application (Form 4) form with appro- priate documentation. Submit to local lender, if he approves he will submit to SBA. When applicable apply for bank or other fin- ancing as part of package. Approved authority lies with the area SBA office. SBA 7(a) Loans and Loan Guarantees, r gill dm — M A ill aid Mill JIM AGENCY/PROGRAM/FUNDING LEVEL ELIGIBLE :1CTIVITIES SBA 7(i) Equal Opportunity Loans ( m) Loans to businesses for normal operational needs ELIGIBLE_ RECIPIENT APPLICANTS Low income or disadvant- aged persons to start or strengthen a small business, if such individuals cannot obtain the necessary financin from other sources on reason- able terms. SBA 7 (i) £ual Opportunity Lnans { goo -16,, ow dill Mil ilia MI Mill N i — KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Loans are direct from the SBA from a special allocation for minority and disadvantaged individuals. Maximum amount per business is 5100,000, for a maximum term of 15 years. SELECTION CRITERIA Selection is made primarily on the basis of business viability, realizing however that the busniesses financed under this category are somewhat riskier than normal bank loans. The higher - type risk which is usually most acceptable to the SBA is a lower amount of indivi- dual equity, usually in the 10 range. APPLICATION PROCEDURE Prepare a business plan and forms in accordance with SBA Form 9. Apply for a bank loan. Two bank refusals are re- quired before the SBA will consider a direct EOC loan. Apply direct to the area office. Approval authority lies with the Area Admini- strator. SBA 7 (i) Equal Opportunity Loans MI Oil 11111 11111 Add ipla di SIMI d AGENCY/PROGRA11/FUNDING LEVEL SBA Section 502 (Local Development.Corporation) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Financing of fixed assets (land, building, equip- ment, or improvements) - for small businesses. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANT Section 502 financing is in two stages. Funds pass to the Local Development Cor- poration (LDC) from SBA, banks, and other sources (see Program Features) and the LDC relends the funds to small businesses. The LDC is a locally based corporation with the follow- ing attributes: Ca) is formed by publid- spirited citizens interested in planned economic growth of community with at least 75% ownership and control held by persons living or doing business in the communia (b) has been incorporated either for profit or non- profit under laws of state in which it expects to do business, (c) authorized to promote and assist the growth and development of small business in its area of ope- rations and (d) has minimum of 25 stockholders or members. Eligibility criteria for small business -recipients: are the same as for the 7(a) loans. Section 502 loans nS c?nc. _r an' ees NM II MI dB Mil laid a s - i N — KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Financing under the LDC can cover 100% of fixed asset requirements. The LDC itself must secure 10% or 20%, depending on local economic conditions. Generally this is provided by a CDBG or similar grant to the LDC. The entrepre- neur himself may provide up to 3/4 of the local share. The balance of the financing is generally shared by local banks and SBA direct loans. The policy generally followed by the SBA for financing projects in higher unemployment areas. has been: 10% -Local Share 30' -SBA direct loan 60% -Local Bank Loan The local bank receives first mortagage on the property. In- terest rates. are at the current bank rate. SBA direct loans are at approximately S%, us- ually 15 to 25 years. Maximum SBA participation in any pro- jects is $500,000. SELECTION CRITERIA Primary selection consid- eration is venture via - ability. Location and de- gree of unemployment will influence the proportion of SBA.direct us private financing. APPLICATION PROCEDURES The LDC in conformity with SBA requirements and re- ceive eligibilty by the SBA. The request for eli- gibility can_ be submitted along with the first loan application. -Secure commitment for the local share of financing. Prepare business plan and application. Secure commitment for pri- vate lender participation. Submit application through the area office to the re- gional office. Approval authority lies with the re- gional office. Section 502 Loans and ;uarantees MEI- - dill d II NIB IMO AGENCY/PROGRAM Small Business Investment Company (SBIC) and 301(d) SBIC (MESBIC) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES 1. Financial assistance to small businesses: very flexible including equity purchases, working capital loans, long-term loans. 2. Technical Assistance to Small Businesses: deter- mined by staff of SBIC. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS Small Businesses'or defined by SBA. For MESBICs, minority small businesses. See SBA 502 LDC pro- gram for small businesL definition. Recipients determined staff/board/committee s of SBIC or MESBIC. a as i lam dm v a as a ow s to r KEY FEATURES/REGULATIONS $500,000 in initial capital can leverage up to $2 million in SBA matches for a total of $2.5 million in investment funds. The minimum capitalization is $500,000 of which 35% must be private. The initial $500,000 leverage $500,000 in subordin- ated debentures from SBA. i3 10 year term) When 65% of the $1 million is inverted, another $500,000 match is provided by the SBA and so forth until four matches are made. SELECTION CRITERIA For SBICs the SBA matches are fairly automatic, depending only on capitalization and conformance with regula- tions and laws. MESBICs must show that sufficient funds will be available to cover operating expenses without delpnding its stock of capital. Selection criteria for businesses seeking SBIC/ MESBIC assistance are out- lined under "Eligible Recipients." APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact SBA area office. ill Mil1'Mil Mil MN Mil I AGENCY /PROG1 h/FUNDING LEVELS Dept. of Transportation -Urban Mass Transit Administration (U'MTA) Urban initiatives program -- Joint Development II ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Three general categories: 1)- Joint Development Housing, commercial, retail, industrial development assoc- iated eith public transit facilities. 2) .Intermodal transfer facilities - facilities which integrate multiple model of transportation III ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS Anv public agency eligible for U`1TA planning or capital assistance. e.g. Transit authorities state and local agencies etc. . 3) Pedestrian transit malls general engine activities for each type of development include: 1) Site design engineering and planning 2) Land redevelopment-- a,:quistion, clearance, relocation, site prepara- tion, write down. 3) Substinctures for building. and mall construction 4) Other infrastructure and public works such as lighting, loading shelters, pedestrian connectors etc. UnTA URBAN INITIATIVES PROGRAM aiii ii ai1W ilf■ir i i�1 Aka i ryl MINN IV KEY PROGRAM FEATURES/REGULATIONS Purpose is to leverage private investment in conjunction with public transit improvement and development and development pro- jects. "Soft" money available for early project planning, engineering, analysis etc. "Hard" money available for con- struction and public works. V SELECTION CRITERIA Preference given to areas of economic need ie. areas which have been designated as eligible for HUD UDAG. funding. Project selection based upon 1) Transit impact/improve- ment 2) Socio-economic impact/ improvement 3) Private leverage ratio (1:1 minimum) 4) Leaveraging of other federal funds 5) Innovative approaches UMTA URBAN INITIATIVES PROGRAM VI AP --=CATION PROCEDURE Similar =o UDAG in concept. Require_ ?ublic and private commit=a_ts before grant is made. =Dztact UMTA Regional Office =- Casimar Bonkowski Office -- Grants Assistance UMTA U.S. Dc: 400 7t=_ Sz. S.V. Washin==_n, D.C. 20590 NMI NMI M M E 1,111 i M d ism s me amo AGENCY/PROGRAM State of Florida Industrial Development Corporation (Industrial Ldan Program) ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Long-term secured business loans (land and fixed assets). Loans generally range from $75,000 to $500,000. Interest rate ranges'from 3% to-5% above prime. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS Industrial companies requiring long-term financing which are unable to obtain financing from conventional lenders. Mil i 11 M i KEY FEATURES/REGULATIONS Provides low interest financing for industrial and commercial property and facilities. Packages generally range from $1 million to $10 million. The public purpose of the bonds is job creation and the stimula- tion of economic activity. $10 million is the maximum allowed financing. The ceiling can be raised to $20 million if a UDAG grant is involved. Financing is arranged privately. High risk deals generally cannot be financed this way. SELECTION CRITERIA Based upon review by Industrial Development Authority and partici- pating bank or lender. Management capability, past track record, collateral and ability to repay are key. APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact Dade County Industrial Development Authority d )ANS MEI inn SIM -" a i AGENCY/PROGRAM Industrial_ Revenue Bonds Dade County Industrial Development Authority ;1 ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES Tax-exempt (low -interest) financing for land acquisition, building construction, pur- chase of machinery and equipment, and miscellaneous improvements. for ultimate use by an entrepre- neur. ELIGIBLE RECIPIENTS/APPLICANTS Business firms T.Ihich are in need of long-term financing and which qualify as specified under selection criteria. Most packages range from $1 million to $10 million. Revenue bonds are generally not feasible for packages of much less than $1 million. AMU 1 ill MI did Mil )0111 A ' ar, — 1 a it i KEY FEATURES/REGULATIONS Businesses must be unable to obtain financing from conventional lenders. Program emphasizes flexible, tailored financing packages to meet the needs of individual businesses. Funds must be used for "pro- ductive, expansionary purposes," SELECTION CRITERIA Key criteria are': Management capability Market Competition Product Quality Future Prospects Collateral Demonstrated Ability to Repay APPLICATION PROCEDURE Contact local Industrial Development Company office for an informal review of the package. Be prepared to review amount of financing needed, use of financinc collateral available, a financial history of the business and a brief background of the compa:: If mutually agreeable, then fill out loan appl cation and pay fee (equ= to one -tenth on a percen of the loan or $I00, whichever is greater.) 1 PAR FOUR CHAPTER XI - GE rING STARTED - PLEA AND SCHEDULE CHAPTER ER XI I - AITDR EYS LE I'ER 1 r 111 1 1 1 1 1 (.,1n1"1EI2 XI - (Th I'1'ING S't'AR1411) I'11ilN AND 1,(1it;Iitr1i1'. :In order to provide soar guidance for the period intrediately fol.lavi.ng a favorable decision to proctcd with the program, a plan and schedule cxmtaininq major steps to In taken to inp.l.cnent the program and mike the transition from the present olxr.at:ion have been. ck? !?toped (sec attached) . The maior activities ar,� listed under four captions: 1.. Organizational/legal. pr_ocix w:as 2. Financial 3. Management Structure and staff: preparation 4 . Opera] ncl start-up -- spac , equipment etc. i.1rc key matters requiring urgent attention are the legal entity and the contract: with the. city. Every effort should be made to clear up all open legal questions and to organize the board so that the operations could begin. Pqual.ly inport.ant is that a contract with the city be developed in which a specific work program would 1x agreed upon as the main feature of the contract. After the legal entity and contract: with the city hair been settled, management and staff amid le transferred and recruited as needed. it would also be advisable to set up training sessions at both the e :ecutitn.?, and staff le' is to m:lke certain that the prngra-un plan gets under way as elTeditiously as possible. Finally, a strong effort should Ix m-rde to organize and- fund the. support nr_chanisrns which will provide financial resources for the operation.' 54 1 1 1 .Lt'1111t1 rj'ii'ict ptji AI ) :;(.11EDI.11.t", S'11.11'S LET'D1N IO 1_1'.1P1,111PITIRPTC1N/TRI\NS1 VII-)I•1 Activity r. organizational/Lngal Promlures A. Sot up tegal. Entity - Article5/Ily-1,aws 1. Set up Board Structure 2. Set: II-) Executive C'omlt:tee 3. Elect Officers 11. Finztncial A. Set up Contract with City 13. !Raise Administrative Funds C. • Raise Venture Funds III. Manarjellunt Structure Staff Preparation/Pecuiting-Training A. Director -- Begin Operations B. Pocruit Staff C. Train Staff .1V. Operating A. Spary:-._, Fr.plipnrnt, Supplies CYN-11-.) 1 Ot 1.071 1cstyjnsibio Au• r11 I Ir r c1r PAUL. LANDY & BEILEY. t'f 11t 1u1,1•4 • t:ni A,I t! irl:.r?. I 1 I,t r>At Illltl(IIt.Ir1 pr.) ;Intrt L11nNl, t I r,ll,t,. ,1 tt 11 1ri. . --nhl r ' 'AUt A14,. T(1.r v, �.1 h.l ltti October 4, 1979 flr. Benjamin Goldstein, Chairman National Urban Development Services Corporation 1211 Connecticut Avenue, N. W. Suite 310 Washington, D. C. 20036 RE: Miami Citywide Development Corp. Dear Mir. Goldstein: 1;e have been informed that: National Urban Development Services Corporation (NUDSC) has been engaged by the City of Miami to prepare a proposal regarding the establishment of a nonprofit corporation to further the economic development of Miami. The proposed corporation is intended to qualify as a local development company, which would .later affiliate with small business investment companies (S13r.Cs) ci11Cl minority enterprise small business investment companies. Our firm has l.?ecn retained by NUDSC to .review certain questions regarding the organizers and Board of Directors of: the nonprofit corporation, the permissible uses of community development block grant and local development company funds, and the existence of possible constraints in Florida or. City of Miami. _statutes, .ordinances or codes to the formation of such a nonprofit corporation with participation by the city. The participation of our firm to this point has related to review of the Miami Code and Charter, Florida statutes, case law, and federal statutes, regarding possible participation in the nonprofit corporation by City oCl.i.cer:;, officials ur tnn11110 , i.ncic.trt.i.nt] the question of possible conflicts of. inLeres.;L. In addition, we are reviewing provisions relating to contracting out of federal economic .development funds under "sole source" contracts and also the question of competitive bidding requirements. We shall now reserve the .name Miami Citywide Development Corporation with the Florida Secretary of State, if the name is available. We had checked the name Mi.alil.l. Development Corporation and it.was not available. In addition, we are prepared to take the necessary steps Mr. Benjamin GoldsLein III . October. 4, 1979.. Page Two A a 1 to assist in establishment of the nonprofit corporation once the needed information is furnished to us. lihi : m:; cc: Julio A. CasLano .Tony Cr } p Jose A. Hernandez Herbert J. Bailey Very truly you PAUL, LANDY & BEILEY AN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR MIAMI FLORIDA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Prepared For: The Project Management Committee Office of Trade and Commerce Development Miami, Florida October, 1979 By: Gladstone Associates Economic Consultants Miami, Florida PREFACE ■ This volume highlights the major findings of an extensive study into ways and means for strengthening and expanding Miami's economic base. Companion documents in this report series, providing further detail on each of the areas covered in this volume, include: Volume II: The Miami Economy Volume III: Outlook, Opportunities and Strategies Volume IV: Background Economic Indicators Volume V: Data Catalog Findings reflected in this report series provide salient information to guide the formulation of specific city economic development policies and programs .for the period ahead. Gladstone Associates October, 1979 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART I: THE CHALLENGE I-1 Parameters for Economic Development Strategies I-1 The City's Role in Economic Development I-2 PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY II-1 Miami Economic Region Outlook II-2 Specific Miami Opportunities II-2 Growth Industrial Targets II-2 Business Retention Targets II-3 1. Tourism 2. Supporting Business Services 3. Hea.lth Care Services 4. International Trade 5. Banking and Finance 6. Manufacturing Activities 7. Retail Trade 8. Wholesale Trade PART III: THE RESPONSE III-1 Generic (Basic) Strategies III-1 1. Improving the City Business Climate III-1 a. "Business Outreach" III-2 b. Business "Resource Panel" III-2 c. Business "Hotline" III-3 d. Streamlining the Decision Process III-3 e. Incentives III-3 2. Enhancing Miami's Image as a Place to Conduct Business III-4 a. Geographic Coverage III-4 b. Promotional Themes III-4 c. Targeted Industries III-5 3. Available and Competitively Priced Physical Facilities III-6 4. Human Capital Resources III-6 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) 5. Financial and Technical Assistance III-7 a. Technical Assistance b. Financial Assistance I.I'I-7 c. Target Industry Sectors i/'1II-8 III-8 Page 6. Middle and Upper Income Households III-9 Related Action Programs III-9 1. Geographic Focus III-10 a. Industrial Park Resources b. Capitalizing on Existing "At -Place" Assets III-1 0 III-11 i. The Central Business District II. The Miami Seaport and Related Activities III-12 iii. Coconut Grove •• III-12 iv.. The Civic Center Complex III-12 111-12 v. The Knight Center III-13 vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterways Y III-13 2. Facilities and Physical Resources III-14 a. Industrial Inventory b. Shopsteading III-14 III-14 3. Industry -Specific Training Programs III-15 a. Light Manufacturing b. Banking III-15 c. Tourism III-16 III-17 Economic Development Commitment III-17 _ _ _ _ _ PART I: THE CHALLENGE PART I: THE CHALLENGE Miami now faces an important economic development challenge. Like other urban centers throughout the country, the city is losing upwardly mobile residents and viable businesses to less congested and often lower cost suburban locations. Concurrent with the dispersal of "central marketplace" functions, vacated neighborhoods are deteriorating and pro- perty values are declining. Simultaneously, increasing public service cost burdens result in severe fiscal pressures. But this challenge can be met through solutions designed to stimulate private. sector employment opportunities and strengthen the city's tax base. Parameters for Economic Development Strategies Four basic economic development goals recommended as the basis of a comprehensive, overall economic response strategy are to: -- generate new jobs for the city residents; - - upgrade the quality of employment opportunities; - - increase personal income levels; and -- expand the city's tax base. Primary among these is the need to provide employment opportunities for city residents. In order to gainfully employ the existing labor force as well as additional entrants to this pool in coming years, many new jobs must be created. T Given forecast levels of future population, 20,000-24,000 new jobs will be required by 1985 to meet the needs of Miami's expanding labor force alone, whether employed in- side or outside the city. Barring significant changes in the distribution'of resident and non-resident workers, 30,000 new positions will be re- quired in the city -- 26 percent of all Dade County gains during this timeframe -- to meet the needs of Miami's grow- ing labor force. The City's Role in Economic Development Government involvement is essential to the successful realization of these economic development goals in light of the challenge facing Miami. Through judicious actions the city can maximize benefits derived from both private and public commitments in the future. Among the excellent opportunities afforded in this regard are Miami's evolving role as a major international trade and finance center, its in- creasing attraction of foreign tourists, and its expanding base of busi- ness and health care sectors serving a large southeastern Florida region. A well -designed targeted response aimed at capitalizing on these and many other assets identified in the course of this evaluation serves as an initial point of departure for the city's economic development program. Up to one-half of the required city "at place" jobs can be generated through such efforts, complementing parallel initiatives designed to assist Miami residents in obtaining a larger share of regional job opportunities. I-2 • PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY • Desired levels of economic growth for Miami in the period ahead can be achieved by: -- nurturing and preserving existing economic activities; and -- capturing appropriate shares of projected regional gains. The number of new "at place" jobs required to adequately employ the city's labor force through 1985 is estimated at about 5,000 annually. Given regional growth and Miami's competitive position, we judge that an effective, comprehensive economic development program would assure up to one-half of this job target level. In order to fully meet the challenge of gainfully employing Miami's expanding labor force, complementary efforts to place city residents in suburban based jobs will be essential. This two -pronged strategy will be greatly enhanced by the avail- ability of rapid transit now under construction in Dade County. Linking the southwest corridor and Hialeah to downtown Miami, this $930 million, 20.5 mile transit system will tie in to a $164 million Downtown People Mover system. The availability of dependable, convenient and rapid intra- county transportation will broaden the city's appeal as an accessible employment center and improve the ability of city residents to get to suburban Dade County jobs. In addition to benefits derived from this significant public improve- ment, prospects for success of Miami economic development efforts must be viewed in a broader regional context. The outlook for Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, therefore, forms a point of departure for evaluating the city's opportunities in the period immediately ahead. • • Miami Economic Region Outlook The scale and character of forecast economic growth for the Miami area, highlighted below, are based on continued long-term national growt;t, with any short-term downturns offset by larger -than -average gains in suc- ceeding years. Employment Gains: The Miami economic region will grow by approximately 127,300 jobs between 1978 and 1982, according to projections by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. The, forecast 2.9 percent average an- nual increase represents a general continuation of past, impressive long-term trends, and implies rapid recovery from any immediate recession -related declines. Of the 1.2 million jobs anticipated in the region in 1982, approximately 58.5 percent will be located in Dade County. Qualitative Employment Characteristics: The quality of employment opportunities that may be available to Miami residents is partly reflected in the occupational mix of likely job increases in Dade County. Reflecting substantial service and government growth, white collar positions will increase sharply in the 1980's, with average annual gains of 9,900 (2.8%) per annum anticipated in Dade County. Personal Income: By 1982, payrolls generated by added Dade County employment will account for almost $1 billion more in personal income, or a "real" gain of 14 percent over 1978 levels of $7.4 billion. Governmental Revenues: Dade County economic growth at- tributable to expansion in services, trade, manufacturing and government will result in appreciable fiscal gains generally associated with these sectors. Specific Miami Opportunities Following extensive analysis of the city's economic base in the con- text of the three -county region, a series of industrial"targets" has been identified in relation to prescribed Miami economic development objec- tives. Growth Industrial Targets. Among the sectors offering significant growth potentials are: II-2 Tourist -Related Industries; encompassing hotels, eat- ing and drinking establishments, real estate develop- ment, construction and amusement and recreational ser- vices. Business Support Services; in a variety of office -using industries associated with "center place" functions. /Health Care Services; linked to the substantial, region -serving medical institutions presently located within the city. International Trade; linked to Miami's role as a "gate- way" city. Financial Services; building on Miami's position as one of the nation's leading banking centers. Light Manufacturing Activities; keyed to the plastics, electronic equipment, instrument, printing and publish- ing,, and furniture industries. Business Retention Targets. Equally as important, preservation of existing business activities in prominent industry sectors will complement an overall city economic development program. These retention efforts should also be focused on specific industry segments, including: 1. Retail Trade; in comparison shopper goods, serving the larger southeast Florida region (in addition to conveni- ence goods and services provided to the local popula- tion). 2. Wholesale Trade; accommodating as many existing estab- lishments as possible which capitalize on the city's location within the larger metropolitan context to re- ceive, subdivide and distribute major commodities. 3. Primary Manufacturing; in conjunction with apparel, leather, and food and kindred products. The scope and character of these growth and retention opportunities, briefly described below, serve as the basis for specific economic develop- ment strategy recommendations with respect to "targets of opportunity" presented in Part III of this Executive Summary. II-3 1. Tourism. Historically an important component of the Miami eco- nomy, 108,100 persons were engaged in tourist -related activities (hotels and otner lodging places, eating and drinking establishments, real estate development, construction and recreational services), in Dade County in 1978. 0f p.articular interest to the city has been the recent and rapidly expanding level of international tourism from both Canadian and Latin American sources. By recent estimates, these groups constitute almost 20 percent of Dade County's visitors. Additionally, while nominal (3 percent of all tourists) at this time, Mexican and European visitors represent potential new significant markets to the city. 2. Supporting Business Services. Directly linked to the city's role as a financial and commercial center are a variety of supporting office - using industries localized around the downtown. Overall, these business services -- including advertising, building cleaning, computer and data processing, consulting and equipment leasing -- increased by nearly 8,000 positions between 1972 and 1978, going from 20,900 to 28,600 during the period. Sharp gains have been noted following the 1974-75 recession years and the expectation is that this sector can continue to realize substantial yrowth potentials in the future as Miami's commercial and financial role is further enhanced. 3. Health Care Services. A true "growth industry" nationwide, health care services recorded a 6.5 percent per annum growth rate in Dade County for 1972-78, going from 28,000 to 39,000 positions. Generally unaffected by economic downturns, the industry gained in absolute terms in 1974 and 1975 despite severe recessionary impacts. II-4 Centered around Miami's major teaching institution, Jackson Memorial Hospital, a substantial opportunity exists for multiplying activities in connection with thissector in the future. 4, International Trade. Reflecting the city's increasing role as an international "gateway," appreciable employment gains were registered in Dade County's transportation and utilities sector (encompassing local and inter -urban passenger transit, trucking and warehousing, water, air, and miscellaneous transportation services together with communications), with total jobs going from 56,500 in 1975 to 59,700 in 1978. Port -related transport and corollary transportation services are par- ticularly relevant to the city's future economic prospects. Though rela- tively small at the present time, these sub -sectors have shown significant growth in the past few years and planned port expansions will likely result in even more dramatic increases in the long term. 5. Banking and Finance. Directly related to increases in inter- national trade, Miami is rapidly becoming one of the nation's major inter- national financial centers. The city now boasts 14 foreign banks, 14 Edge Act banks and 12 domestic financial institutions with active international departments. Per capita deposits in Dade County at the present time have been estimated at $4,400 -- a level 18 percent higher than that for Atlanta long considered the financial hub of the southeastern United States. Reflecting this quantum leap in activity, Dade County employment in the banking sector gained an average of 4.4 percent annually from 1975 to 1978, going from 9,000 to 10,200. By far the overwhelming majority of the county's financial institu- tions are located in the city. All told, 26 of Dade's 37 banks have II-5 0 offices in Miami and, as a group, these establishments account for two- thirds (67 percent) of total county deposits. 6. Manufacturing Activities. Four discrete sectors targeted for economic growth or retention include: a. small, specialized light manufacturing; b. apparel; c. leather products; and d. food and kindred products. a. Small Specialized Light Manufacturing: This group encompasses: -- rubber and plastics; -- electric and electronic equipment; -- instruments and related products; -- household furniture and furnishings; and -- printing and publishing. Taken together, these sectors currently represent an appreciable seg- ment of Miami's industrial base, and with careful planning and supporting public programs can continue to make significant economic contributions, especially in relation to the scale and quality of job opportunities. b. Other Manufacturing Sectors: Apparel, leather products, food and kindred manufacturing sectors -- already prominent in the city -- also offer specific city -based advantages. In spite of nationwide declines in apparel and leather products (owing to foreign competition) and city downturns in food processing (due to plant decentralization) Miami's economy can be strengthened in these sectors provided contemporary facilities can be made available. II-6 • • Essential features of any city program aimed at retaining or regaining plants that have moved away must include well - located manufacturing facilities at competitive prices, reasonably accessible to the airport. Facilities of that type, coupled with a skilled labor force (particularly minority women), represent an important economic develop- ment opportunity for the city that can be enlarged in the period ahead. 7. Retail Trade. While generally following population patterns, Miami's "central place" retail functions have been reinforced through both downtown revitalization and a substantial infusion of Latin American shop- pers. Representing a major employment sector, this industry accounted for almost one in every five county jobs in 1978 and generated approximately 12 percent of Dade's personal income. Miami's role in regional retailing will expand with an increasing employment base and higher tourist volumes. Moreover, through sales to foreign shoppers, retailing serves as a "basic" export industry which supports other industry sectors through the economic multiplier process. 8. Wholesale Trade. At present, 49,100 persons are employed in Dade County's wholesale trade industry, up from 38,800 in 1972. Over one-third (37 percent) of the county's wholesale activity was accommodated in the city in 1972, but given nationwide trends toward decentralization together with significant warehouse development in unincorporated Dade County in recent years, the city's share of total county activity in this sector has likely declined since then. Nevertheless, wholesale trade remains an important component of Miami's economic base. Given highly specialized needs in conjunction with the port and the existing city population base, together with continued linkages with a II-7 variety of other industries that will maintain and expand operations with- in the city, wholesaling can remain an important -- if not expanding -- part of Miami's future economy. * * * * Economic Development Strategies: The dimensions of Miami's challenge and opportunity form the framework for weighing prospective city actions against prescribed community ob- jectives and available city resources. A series of recommended responses in light of indicated development opportunities is presented in Part II1 below. I1-8 PART III: THE RESPONSE PART III: THE RESPONSE An overall city economic development program is best viewed in the context of: -- generic (basic) strategies; and -- specific action programs. Generic (Basic) Strategies A series of fundamental responses in support of Miami's economic efforts should be directed at: 1. Improving the climate for business activity in the city. 2. Enhancing the city's image as a place to do business. 3. Providing functional and competitively priced physical facilities for business expansion and relocation. 4. Upgrading skills and capabilities of Miami's human capital resources. (' Providing financial and technical assistance to city busi- nesses. 6. Attracting middle and upper income resident households. 1. Improving the City Business Climate The essential objective of this generic strategy is to create a recep- tive and efficient network to deal with the needs of industries moving into the area as well as those relocating, expanding or remaining at their present facilities. Five basic responses would directly support this "business welcome wagon" and service program. These would include: .5) a. Implementing a "business outreach" program. b. Creating a business "resource panel", c. Establishing a business "hotline". d. Expediting city decision making. e. Relieving tax burdens and providing specific incentives where appropriate. a. "Business Outreach". Th.e primary purpose of this program would be to encourage ongoing dialogue between city businesses and the municipal government so that grievances may be aired, concerns raised, and city feedback provided. One recommended forum for this interchange is a "town meeting" at which various city officials can meet informally with a small group of local business people. This exchange, which can be varied in format, should be ongoing as an integral part of the city's continuous economic development efforts. Four primary purposes would be served including: -- Conveying the city's concern about its overall business climate. -- Ascertaining specific needs and problems of the business community. -- Educating business people as to various city -sponsored programs. -- Serving as an "early warning" system to enable the city to deal with potential business closures and/or reloca- tions in a timely manner. b. Business "Resource Panel". A broad selection of representa- tive industry leaders and businesspersons should be mobilized to serve as a "resource panel." Drawn from existing resources such as the recently established Economic Development Policy Advisory Council, the New World Action Committee and other leadership levels, this advisory group would respond to specific inquiries by members of the business community and serve as a "welcome wagon" for new business prospects. c. Business "Hotline". A central business service center should be established which can provide assistance, respond to inquiries, and refer questions to other agencies where appropriate. This program opens a direct line of communication for those with specific business problems and also offers insights as to the nature of business concerns and recurring difficulties with city services. d. Streamlining the Decision Process. A "fast track" economic development process for meeting inquiries or requests on the part of busi- ness organizations seeking to locate within the city or expand their pre- sent operations should be established. The importance of a streamline government processing system cannot be overstated. All other things being equal with respect to locational cri- teria, extensions in processing are equated with "lost time and costs" and thereby directly affect success or failure in attracting new enterprises or retaining existing ones. e. Incentives. In broader terms, the city should formulate a program of tax and other incentives with respect to targeted industries that meet specific ongoing needs. Financial incentive programs should be examined with a view to assisting industries during early, more precarious start-up phases. Moreover, on a case -by -case basis, other assistance -- in the form of development bonuses for more intensive land utilization or accelerated infrastructure con- struction in line with the city's capital improvement program -- should be considered. III-3 2. Enhancing Miami's Image as a Place to Conduct Business National and even regional perceptions of southeastern Florida fre- quently fail to recognize the city's substantial business and financial base. This image problem can and should be overcome by an effective promo- tional campaign. Three discrete elements should be considered in that respect: - - the geographic coverage of these marketign efforts. - - the "themes" that may be incorporated within promotional materials. -- the specific industries toward which certain of these efforts should be targeted. a. Geographic Coverage. A balanced program for promoting the city's image regionally, nationally and internationally is recommended in order to maintain a steady series of "promotional reminders." Paralleling those efforts, however, coverage of Florida and the greater Miami area is of considerable importance, as a great many of the new industries in the Miami area come from within Florida or the metro- politan area itself. b. Promotional Themes. Perceptions of the city are frequently confused with neighboring Miami Beach, thereby masking the considerable assets and resources available for business and industrial activity. While stressing Miami's livability with respect to climate and other aesthetic values, care should be taken to go beyond the "sun and fun" message and direct attention to Miami's businesslike attitudes and recep- tive industrial climate. Specific assets stressed in these promotional efforts might include: III-4 -- the city's role as one of the nation's largest inter- national financial centers; -- the city's position as an expanding trade and transpor- tation hub of major proportion; -- the availability of a skilled and bi-lingual labor force; -- the centrality of Miami within a large and growing regional market; and -- the availbility of a diverse and expanding economy. c. Targeted Industries. In conjunction with these general pro- motional efforts, more selective, pinpointed marketing should also be undertaken. These efforts should be directed at specific growth industries, including: Printing and Publishing: small firms, particularly those with Central and South American clients and those engaged in printing travel brochures, advertising sup- plements, or publishing magazines; Rubber and Miscellaneous Products: small firms producing goods for Latin export or for local building and scientific instruments industries; Electric and Electronic Equipment: small firms produc- ing electromedical products, particularly ultrasonic equipment, and electric equipment for Latin American and Caribbean export; Instruments and Related Products: small establishments manufacturing medical and surgical instruments for local and Latin American markets; and Furniture and Fixtures: manufacturers of casual furni- ture, particularly rattan, upholstered, light oak frame and patio pieces. To this compilation may be added a variety of others that are identi- fied and discussed in greater detail in other volumes of this report series. III-5 3. Available and Competitively Priced Physical,Facilities The city's ability to retain existing businesses and attract new ones would be greatly enhanced by a current and "instantaneously retrievable" inventory of available industrial facilities. This. compilation -- which should be built around available (but currently diffused) information from various public and institutional groups -- would allow the city to present to prospective businesses all salient features with respect to available industrial land and improvements. Recognizing that an industrial. inventory can be an extensive and time consuming effort, our recommendation is that certain areas be given prior- ity at the outset to meet current and emerging needs. Foremost among these would be: -- the fashion district; and -- other light industrial and wholesaling nodes. 4. Human Capital Resources Among Miami's assets with respect to attracting new industries and preserving old ones is its human "capital" -- its current and future labor force. In this regard, two points should be emphasized in the city's.future economic development promotion activities. These would encompass: a. present skills vested within the labor force, including bi-lingual capabilities; and b. the hard-working and upwardly mobile characteristics of that labor force. The aspirations of Miami',s workers should also be supported by a. variety of public and private education and training programs, including: III-6 private business schools; industry focused programs; repair and maintenance programs; vocational education; and -- specific government sponsored training. City activities in this area should be aimed at achieving the best "fit" between skill training and emerging industry needs. 5. Financial and Technical Assistance In combination with the aforementioned generic economic development strategies, including notably the business "resource panel," a series of basic technical and financial services should be offered to Miami's busi- nesses. Various steps in both of these areas have been initiated by a number of local government offices. It remains, however, to provide a focal point around which services of this type can be furnished and -- of equal impor- tance -- made known. a. Technical Assistance. Included in this area would be a number of key functions pertaining to successful business operations. Among those would be: management counseling; legal consultation; auditing/accounting and financial guidance; promotional advertising and marketing; inventory control; and research, development and retrieval of previously estab- lished operational information. III-7 These services can be provided on a "one-on-one" basis and throJ;'1 a variety of "group" techniques including seminars and workshops. While several federal and state programs should be utilized as part of this effort, community voluntary service would account for a large'propor- tion of the technical resources assembled. This would be best accomplished through a full-time, technical assis- tance staff within the Office of Trade and Commerce Development which could coordinate and complement the services of area businesspersons. b. Financial Assistance. The core of this program component would encompass both advisory services and specific assistance in meeting work- ing capital and other business requirements. The scope of these activities can be comprehensive including: -- capital and loan packaging; - means and sources of equity financing; -- debt financing and loan guarantees; and -- related financial considerations. Once again, a variety of federal and local programs should be utilized. A two -level program is envisioned: -- The first, focused on identifying potential financing available from other sources; and -- The second, related to the creation of a development corporation -- as is presently under investigation -- or other similar vehicle which could leverage the "munici- pal equity" thus established. c. Target Industry Sectors. As a point of departure, a number of industry groups which reflect the basic strength of the Miami economy can be emphasized for initial technical and financial assistance. III-8 These industries include: - tourism; -- specialized light industrial activities; -- wholesale trade -- retail trade; and -- international trade. 6. Middle and Upper Income Households Although the principal focus of the generic economic development strategies is on "industries" as such, corollary community development objectives cannot be overlooked. The attraction of new industries or the retention of existing ones frequently is inextricably linked to close proximity of persons with high education and corollary income capabilities. Accordingly, an integral part of any economic development strategy must be maintenance and even intensification of the city's present commit- ment to attracting households of this type. Toward that end, components of this community development strategy might include the following: -- Encouragement of high-rise residential development at selected locations along Biscayne Bay. -- Continued support of ongoing residential redevelopment programs, such as those planned for Overtown. -- Further support of the development of a "New -Town In - Town." Related Action Programs In support of the generic strategies outlined above, a series of more specific responses would also be appropriate. III-9 In general, these would focus around: 1. Geographic areas for future activity; 2. Facilities and other physical resource needs; and 3. Industry -specific training programs. 1. Geographic Focus Included in this program would be the following: -- providing industrial parks; and -- enhancing and capitalizing on established city "at place" assets. a. Industrial Park Resources. For the city to remain competitive with other suburban communities, it would be advantageous to develop in the near term one or possibly two industrial parks featuring contemporary improvements. This "industrial park resource" would be useful in retaining busi- nesses currently considering relocating out of the city and possibly at- tracting back others who have left to nearby communities. The 50-acre FEC railroad yard property appears to be an excellent site for this type of development. It provides, among other features, access to the regional expressway network and sufficient land to create a unique industrial environment. We understand that the city is presently investi- gating ways to fund a study of options available for this site. A second park might be considered for the Civic Center area, with a view toward accommodating food and beverage wholesale functions and medi- cal related instruments and electrical equipment manufacturers in that area. In contrast to the FEC property, however, this location would require an extensive site acquisition and assembly program. III-10 Competitive Priced Offerings: Any industrial park contem- plated by the city must be competitively priced to meet suburban market- place alternatives. Accordingly, a variety of techniques would have to be considered by Miami in relation to "delivering" such spaces. Among these would be land write -downs, inclusion of infrastructure development costs by the city, provision of financial incentives through favorable interest rates, and other similar features. b. Capitalizing on Existing "At -Place" Assets. In addition to an industrial park, a variety of other "geographic areas" should be enhanced by providing necessary supporting services. These areas include: -- The Central Business District; -- The Port; - - Coconut Grove; -- The Civic Center Complex; - - The new Convention Center; and - - Biscayne Bay and related waterways. The direction that potential activities might take in relation to each of these "at -place" assets is noted below. i. The Central Business District: The CBD, as a major nuc- leus of business, service, and financial activities within the region, can support future increments of economic development in a number of specific industry areas, including: - - retail trade; - - tourism; -- business services; and -- banking and finance. To encourage future growth in these areas, the city should support appropriate private sector initiatives with technical and financial assis- tance and focused promotional efforts. The city should also continue to work with other government entities to maximize beneficial transit impacts and to develop solutions to downtown circulation and parking problems. ii. The Miami Seaport and Related Activities: The Port of Miami is presently a. major international trade gateway as well as the largest cruise port in the nation. Planned improvements of the port will support further expansion of Miami's international trade sector. The proposed World Trade Center will reinforce Miami's role as an international gateway. As a result, the city should utilize this important additional "at -place" asset in promotional materials and other recruitment efforts. As part of those efforts, Miami should also capitalize on the large cruise passenger market by encouraging week -ends in the city as an added "total vacation" trip bonus. iii. Coconut Grove: Already well established as a major specialty retail/entertainment center and tourist attraction, public im- provements now underway will underscore the appeal of Coconut Grove. Complementary supporting activities in the form of merchant and busi- ness assistance programs and alleviation of parking shortages (where feas- ible) now under consideration, will. strengthen these established func- tions. iv. The Civic Center Complex: Health service activities and food and beverage operations already in this area should be expanded: III-12 Health Services: As the largest medical facility in the region, Jackson Memorial Hospital represents a major economic development opportunity for Miami. The city, working in conjunction with hospital adminis- tration staff, should focus on new business prospects interested in locating near the hospital. Where needed, financial and technical assistance should be provided to targeted health services and related activities. In addition, the city should assist in site assembly and consider possible financial incentives (land write- down, etc.), if necessary, to stimulate development in the area. -- Food and Beverage Sector Activities: As part of pro- spective industrial development initiatives, efforts should be made to create a nucleus of food and beverage manufacturing and wholesaling operations in the Civic Center area. Consideration should be given to a city - sponsored farmer's market to stimulate private invest- ment and generate spin-off activities. v. The Knight Center: The Convention Center and hotel com- plex now under construction in the central area should be used as a vehicle for expanding convention related tourist activity in the city. This facil- ity should be both actively promoted in the "convention circuit" and utilized in various public relations efforts to demonstrate the dynamic, vital character of Miami. vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterways: The water amenities of Miami are important in several ways. First, they contribute in large measure to the overall physical attractiveness of the area as a place to live and work. Second, they support the trade activities centered on the port. And third, they provide the infrastructure necessary to a burgeoning marina/marine industry within the city's economy. III-13 Accordingly, prospective economic development programs formulated in the future should make maximum use of these distinctive water amenities. 2. Facilities and Physical Resources Two principal programs focused on key city physical resourceshave been proposed. The first, mentioned earlier, would be an inventory of all available industrial land and improvements. The second would be initiation of a "shopsteading" program designed to assist new, small business enterprises. a. Industrial Inventory. The desirability of a comprehensive compi- lation of city industrial land and improvement assets for businesses seek- ing a Miami location, or those expanding within the area, lies in readily matching "economic demand" with "available supply." Once in hand, this information can be used for other purposes as well. Foremost among these could be stimulating and encouraging new indus- tries through the provision of "incubator space" which would be properly sized to meet the needs of start-up firms. b. Shopsteading. A relatively new concept in which vacant commercial property, including abandoned or tax delinquent improvements, are turned over to the city and resold for nominal fees, this program has been suc- cessfully implemented in Baltimore and other communities. Since small business represents an important component of Miami's overall economic base, the feasibility of initiating a prototype pilot project of this type in the city warrants further investigation. To be successful, however, shopsteading would require careful exami- nation of both the subject properties that might be made available and the enterprises contemplating moves into such facilities. III-14 3. Industry -Specific Training Programs In addition to generalized programs noted previously, a variety of specific vocational educational activities can be helpful in deepening the skill levels of Miami's labor force. Building on programs currently pro- vided by existing groups, the city should examine target industries in which training programs of this type can prove useful. Included in that respect would be the following: a. Light Manufacturing. A substantial level of unskilled labor is employed in manufacturing activities targeted for retention and expansion within the city. Foremost among these are the needle trades, where manual dexterity carries a high premium. Although little formal training is required for sewing machine operators and leather stitchers, speed is important. Therefore, familiarity with equipment and experience in handling garments and leather goods would be helpful to new entrants to these industries. These trades. are virtually excluded from CETA programs at present. Accordingly, local efforts to introduce sewing machines and associated manual skills'into the ,local educational system are particularly impor- tant. Business involvement -- including the donation of sewing machines and other equipment as well as the provision of individuals to assist in designing and implementing training programs of this type -- might be sought in this respect. Specific training required in other light manufacturing industries targeted here should be directed at: -- Food and Kindred Products: background courses in mecha- nics, air conditioning, refrigeration, electronics and industrial maintenance. -- Printing and Publishing: craftsmen (image assemblers, skilled pressmen, etc.T and managerial skills. 4114 -- Rubber and Miscellaneous Products: general familiari- zation with the industry. -- Electric and. Electronic Equipment: general industry familiarization for unskilled and semi -skilled workers and assemblers, together with more technical courses for electric engineers. -- Instrument and Related Products: general familiari- zation for production workers and more specific skills for professionals and para-professionals engaged in clinical chemistry. -- Furniture and Fixtures: skilled and semi -skilled workers including large numbers of sewing machine opera- to.rs. In addition to these industries, more specific attention should be given to the building management and maintenance industry in regard to substantial developments that have taken place in the Central Business District, as well as other large-scale residential and non-residential buildings. -- Educational Resources. The full complement of suggested training for these selected industries cannot be fur- nished through governmental sponsored programs. Accordingly, the city should identify specific skills required over time and take all appropriate steps through programmed university and other institutional courses of study to assure that an adequate supply of trained individuals in these categories can be expected. b. Banking. A substantial number of bi-lingual clerical personnel is needed by the industry. Moreover, a large proportion of highly educated financial specialists is also required. The city, in conjunction with the public school system and local institutions of higher learning (e.g., Florida International University) can make known these needs and their corollary implications for financial, international trade and comparable courses of study. III-16 0114 c. Tourism. Training programs pertaining to a variety of specific needs within this sector have been offered from time to time. Unique among these has been a program at Miami -Dade designed to enhance service levels among these workers. In light of the sensitivities of this industry to shifting market supports -- especially where persistent problems become more widely known -- the efforts here should be expanded to insure that tourist activity generated by the new convention center, among other city assets, can be well supported through high quality personnel. Career Counseling and Job Guidance. As a complement to the aforementioned industry'specific training program, continued outreach in the form of counseling to advise city residents of available job opportuni- ties and to assist persons in meeting basic interview -screening "entry application," a job guidance center is recommended. Implementation of this type of program, particulary if linked to expanded state employment services, can measurably advance the successful realization of reduced levels of unemployment and underemployment in the city. * * * * Economic Development Commitment Realization of prescribed Miami economic objectives will require ex- tensive and sophisticated action programs and necessitate coordinated mobilization of a wide variety of city resources. This effort would begin at the individual enterpreneur/corporate re- sponse level and would incorporate direct city catalytic roles. The objec- tive would be to obtain reinforcement from actions taken at both levels and gain the beneficial "multiplications" that can result. Finally, the foundation of an effective development program rests on basic factual information that highlights current strengths and weaknesses of an area's economy. The city's commitment to ongoing analysis of local and regional issues through monitoring key economic indicators is clearly evident. A vital and critical "first step" in the overall process, con- tinued updating of the challenge, opportunities and responses set out above should now form an integral part of The Miami Economic Development !ram. III-18 ui PIMi111.1.1111.1•!IIPIIM OUTLOOK, OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIES Prepared For: The Project Management Committee Office of Trade and Commerce Development Miami, Florida September 25, 1979 By Gladstone Associates Economic Consultants Miami, Florida PIMA, WI*I! PREFACE An action program response to indicated Miami economic development opportunities is set forth in this volume, the third of five reports focusing on city economic development strategies. Sections covered are: - - The Challenge of Economic Development; - - The Opportunities available to Miami; and - - The Response, tailored specifically to meet the challenge in light of available opportunities. The materials which follow have been formulatedto assist the city's consideration of specific economic development policies. The basis for these strategy recommendations lies in an intensive analysis of the area's economy (Volume II of this series) together with opportunities and potentials detailed in theappendix of this report. Gladstone Associates, September.25, 1979 PART I: THE CHALLENGE TABLE OF CONTENTS PPage I-1 Parameters for Economic Development Strategies I-1 1-2 Needed Job Opportunities I-3 Improved Employment Quality I-4 I-5 New Jobs The City's Role in Economic Development PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY II-1 Miami Economic Region Outlook II-2 Employment Gains II-3 Qualitative Employment Characteristics II-4 Personal Income II-6 Governmental Revenues 11-7 Specific Miami Opportunities 11-9 Industrial Targets II-9 Business Retention II-10 Industrial Targets II-10 1. Tourism II-10 2. Supporting Business Services II-11 3. Health Care Services II-11 4. International Trade II-12 5. Banking and Finance II-12 6. Manufacturing Activities II-13 7. Retail Trade II-15 8. Wholesale Trade II-16 PART III: THE RESPONSE III-1 Primary Economic Development Goals in Review III-1 Net Incremental Jobs III-2 Generic (Basic) Strategies II1-2 1. Improving the City Business Climate I1I-3 a. "Business Outreach" III-3 b. Business "Resource Panel" III-4 c. Business "Hotline" III-5 d. Streamlining the Decision Process III-6 e. Tax Incentives III-6 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) Page 2. Enhancing Miami's Image 111-7 a. Geographic Coverage III b. Promotional Themes I1I-8 c. Targeted Industries III-10 3. Available and Competitively Priced III-11 Physical Facilities 4. Human Capital Resources I1I-13 5. Financial and Technical Assistance 1II-20 -6. Middle and Upper Income Households I11-14 Related Action Programs I11-21 1. Geographic Focus I1I-22 i. The Central Business District III-24 ii. The Miami Seaport and Related Activities III-25 iii. Coconut Grove 111-26 iv. The Civic Center Complex 111=26 v. The Knight Center 11I-26. vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterway I1127 2. Facilities and Physical Resources 111-27 a. Industrial Inventory III-27 b. Shopsteading 11I-28 3. Industry -Specific Training Programs 111-29 a. Light Manufacturing 111-29 b. Banking 111-32 c. Tourism 1I1-32 Economic Development Commitment III-33 APPENDIX A: MIAMI OUTLOOK AND OPPORTUNITIES A-1 The Tourist Industry A-1 Miami Tourist Related Employment Targets A-3 Business Related Services A-4 Miami Business Related Services Employment Targets A-5 A-6 A-8 Health Care Services Miami Health Care Services Employment Targets TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) Page 2. Enhancing Miami's Image III-7 a. Geographic Coverage III-8 b. Promotional Themes 111-8 c. Targeted Industries III-10 3. Available and Competitively Priced III-11 Physical Facilities 4. Human Capital Resources III-13 5. Financial and Technical Assistance III-20 ' 6. Middle and Upper Income Households III-14 Related Action Programs III-21 1. Geographic Focus ILI-22 i. The Central Business District III-24 ii. The Miami Seaport and Related Activities III-25 iii. Coconut Grove III-26 iv. The Civic Center Complex III-26 v. The Knight Center III-26 vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterway III27 2. Facilities and Physical Resources III-27 a. Industrial Inventory III-27 b. Shopsteading III-28 3. Industry -Specific Training Programs III-29 a. Light Manufacturing III-29 b. Banking III-32 c. Tourism III-32 Economic Development Commitment III-33 APPENDIX A: MIAMI OUTLOOK AND OPPORTUNITIES The Tourist Industry Miami Tourist Related Employment Targets Business Related Services Miami Business Related Services Employment Targets Health Care Services Miami Health Care Services Employment Targets A-1 A-1 A-3 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd) Ent International Trade A-9 Miami International Trade Employment Targets A-11 Banking and Finance A-12 Miami Banking and Finance Employment Targets A-13 Manufacturing Activities A-14 a. Small Specialized Light Manufacturing A-14 b. Apparel A-17 c. Leather Products Manufacture A-19 d. Food and Kindred Products A-20 Retail Trade A-20 Wholesale Trade A-22 Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities A-23 Insurance A-24 Miscellaneous Services A-25 Government A-26 APPENDIX B: INDEX OF AVERAGE WAGE RATES B-1 111111111111NC MIMI PART I: THE CHALLENGE PART I: THE CHALLENGE The economic development agenda for our nation's cities today must be directed to (1) providing jobs and income for area residents and (2) .04 preserving and expanding the local tax base. The strategies presented in this report address priorities to achieve these prescribed policy objec- tives. Miami, as other urban centersthroughout the country, is losing up- wardly mobile residents and viable businesses to less congested and often lower cost suburban locations. Concurrent with the dispersal of "central marketplace" functions, abandoned neighborhoods decay and property values decline. Simultaneously increasing public service cost burdens result in severe fiscal pressures. Solutions to this dilemma involve stimulating private sector employ- ment opportunities and strengthening the city's tax base. Parameters for Economic Development Strategies Four basic economic development goals in response to past declines are to: generate new jobs for city residents; upgrade the quality of employment opportunities; increase personal income levels; and expand the city's tax base. The parameters governing Miami's economic development strategies with respect to these goals follow. I-1 NeJobs. Primary among various economic development objectives is the provision of jobs to city residents. This goal is especially significant given Miami's current appreciable unemployment and underemployment problems. In order to gainfully engage the existing labor force as well as additional entrants to this pool in the coming years, many new private and public jobs must be created. The dimensions of these needs by 1985 (conditioned by "acceptable" unemployment norms) are illustrated below. -- 1985 Labor Force. The estimated 345,000 persons living in Miami constitute a labor force of about 180,000. Contrasting with Dade County's current seven percent unemployment, ap- proximately.13 percent of the City's labor force is without work. By 1985, published forecasts 1/ indicate that Miami's population will range from 350,000 to 360,000 with a corollary labor force of between 190,000 and 195,000. Population 1970 1979 (est.) 198S (forecast) Labor Force (Civilian) 1970 1979 (est.) 1985 (forecast) Unenip l oymen t 1979 (est.) Miami Miami as a Dade Percent of County Dade County 334,900 1,276,800 26.4% 345,000 1,513,000 22.8% 350,000-360,000 1,650,000-1,700,000 21.2% 163,000+ 542,000 180,000 701,000 190,000-195,000 790,000-815,000 *Estimated 13% 7% 30.1% 25.7% 23.9-24.1% 1/ Based on forecasts published by the University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research; Kiplinger Company. and the Dade County Planning Department. I-2 Needed Job Opportunities: The number of positions required for city residents during 1979-1985 should be predicated both on meeting an expand- ing labor force and on bringing Miami unemployment rates closer in line with the current county level of seven percent. Toward that end, the following parameters would apply. Miami Labor Force Labor Force Gainfully Employed: - at 13% unemployment - at 7% unemployment New Jobs Required, 1979-1985* - at 13% unemployment - at 7% unemployment 1979 1985 180,000 190,000-195,000 157,000 165,000-170,000 177,000-181,000 8,000-13,000 20,000-24,000 * Conservatively based since no allowance is made for underemployed persons. Average Annual Job Requirements: From 1,300 to 2,200 net new jobs will have to be created for city residents each year by 1985 merely to keep pace with anticipated labor force gains. Were reductions in unemployment targeted to a seven percent level, these requirements would escalate sharply to the 3,300-4,000 range per annum. Implications for the City Job Base: Assuming continu- ation of recent trends in Dade County commutation pat- terns 1/ and moderation of current excessive levels of city unemployment, 30,000 net new positions must be created in Miami between 1979 and 1985. This translates to a net gain of 5,000 jobs per year, on average, and implies a 26 percent capture of forecast county employ- ment growth, a level equivalent to estimated 1979 "shares." 1/ Based on 1970 and 1975 sample survey census data on journey -to -work patterns, it is estimated that city residents will fill 33 percent of all new jobs in Miami and 10 percent of all new jobs elsewhere in the county. In addition, an estimated 10 percent of all employed city residents will work outside Dade County. I-3 • • 1979-1985 Total Average Annual Miami Resident Job Target 20,000-24,000 3,300-4,000 Required City "at place" Jobs (mid -range) 30,000 5,000 Dade County Forecast Employment Growth 113,900 19,000 Implied Capture Rate for 26� Miami 26% Improved Employment Quality. A concommitant economic development employment objective is to upgrade the quality of jobs available to city residents, thus engaging the problem of underemployment as well as that of unemployment. Quality of employment, as generally reflected in occupa- tional categories and wage/salary levels, will be a function of: - - characteristics of city economic growth - - corollary county business expansion, and of primary importance - - the types of jobs filled by city residents. While anticipated changes for the "economic region" will circumscribe the prospective quality of Miami employment opportunities and those for other area jurisdictions, important and effective initiatives can be undertaken by the city to assure improved employment prospects for its residents in line with targeted industry and occupational groupings. Increased Income Levels. Per capita and family incomes are generally lower for city residents as compared with persons living elsewhere in the I-4 • county. Although not a definitive data base, recent estimates published in Sales Management's Survey of Buying Power indicate that median family in- come levels in Miami are 20-25 percent less than those of Dade County as a whole. Economic development objectives aimed at increasing personal income. levels are directly linked to providing job opportunities for unemployed persons and upgrading positions for the underemployed. Another equally significant objective in this respect is to broaden Miami's attractiveness for higher income in -migrating households through policies designed to upgrade city neighborhoods and residential areas. Expanded Tax Base. As with most major urban areas throughout the nation, Miami relies heavily on property and other local taxes to pay for needed city services. For Fiscal Year 1978-79, local revenues are pro- jected to represent over 70 percent of total general funds. In order to ensure adequate fiscal revenues in the years ahead, steps must be taken to preserve the existing tax base and expand revenue -produc- ing activities. The City's Role in Economic Historically, economic sector initiatives and was, fluctuations resulting from market forces. Development development was the outgrowth ofprivate therefore, subject to short and longer term the vagaries of random business decisions and Increasingly, governments have enlarged their role in this process through supportive activities. I-5 In some cases these have included the provision of utilities, roads, police and fire protection and other comparable services. In others, financial assistance has been furnished. In still others, broader eco- nomic programs designed to stimulate area economic forces have been under- taken. The parameters for Miami outlined above, coupled with the experience of other communities, underscore the essential nature of government in- volvement to promote and realize economic development targets. It is evident now that the city's role in this process must be more active and purposeful, much in line with programs that have already been formulated. Miami, as with other cities, can and must help shape its future to maximize impact derived from private and public investments and commit- ments. The city's excellent opportunities to capitalize on external factors may be seen in such areas as its evolving role as a major international trade and finance center, its increasing attraction of foreign tourists, and its expanding base of business and health care sectors serving a large, southeastern Florida region. The challenge confronting the city at this time can be met through a well -designed targeted response aimed at capital izing on these and many other opportunities identified in the course of this evaluation. Our analysis indicate that the city can generate up to one- half of the number of required city "at place" jobs and that well -executed and focused initiatives can position Miami re- sidents to gain larger shares of regional job opportunities. As with other programs of this type, however, a well -managed and carefully defined program will be essential to the city's effectiveness in realizing these prospects. Direc- tions and key targets to guide these proposed activities are detailed in the sections which follow. I-6 PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY PART II: THE OPPORTUNITY The challenge outlined for Miami in the previous section dimensions "net additional employment gains" required to employ and upgrade the resi- dent labor force with concommitent increases in personal income and the city's tax base. Meeting this challenge is rendered even more difficult by the dy- namics of urban economies, in which enterprises are continually moving. into and out of any given area. Given these shifts, which are increasingly evident in the Miami eco- nomic region, incremental growth can take place in Miami only if the city is successful in: nurturing and preserving existing economic activities; and -- capturing appropriate shares of regional growth in the period ahead. The number of new "at place" jobs required to adequately employ the city's labor force was estimated at about 5,000 annually through 1985, predicated on continued expansion of suburban Dade's economic base and inter -regional commutation comparable to recent trends,. Given regional growth and Miami's competitive position, we judge that with an effective, comprehensive economic development program up to one- half of the job target level (2,000-2,500 jobs annually) can be generated in the city. In order to fully meet the challenge, the city must supple- ment job -generating economic programs with those that will lead to in- creased placement of city residents in non -city based jobs. A two -pronged economic development strategy of this kind will be greatly enhanced by the major rapid transit project already underway in Dade County. This $930 million, 20.5 mile transit system will link the southwest corridor and Hialeah to downtown Miami and is to tie in to a $164 million Downtown People Mover system. The availability of a dependable, convenient and rapid intra-county transport will both broaden the city's appeal as an accessible job location and improve the ability of city residents to get to jobs outside the city. Coupled with a comprehensive regional job placement system -- beginning with extensive listings through state employment offices -- rapid transit can be important in achieving an integrated regional economic unit. In addition to benefits derived from this significant public improve- ment, Miami's prospective success in its economic development efforts must be assessed against the backdrop of changes anticipated within the eco- nomic region of which it is a part. The outlook for Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, therefore, forms a point of departure for evaluating the city's opportunities in the period immediately ahead. Miami Economic Region Outlook The scale and character of forecast employment growth for the Miami region, together with corollary economic development indices, are high- lighted in the paragraphs which follow. It should be noted at the outset that future growth in the region is dependent on a stable or expanding national economic environment. Fore- casting economic growth for any area is difficult, as patterns of growth reflect a large number of complex and often unpredictable variables. Therefore, for purposes of this analysis, that nation's long-term growth II-2 trend is expected to continue with any short-term downturns offfset by larger -than -normal gains in succeeding years. Employment Gains. The Miami economic region will gain approximately 127,300 jobs between 1978 and 1982, according to projections prepared by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. The forecast 2.9 percent average annual increase represents a general continuation of past, impressive long-term trends. Implied by these projections is rapid recovery during the earlier part of the 1980's from any recession -related downturn during 1979 and 1980. Of the 1.2 million jobs anticipated in the region in 1982, approxi- mately three out of five (58.5%) will be located within Dade County, as may be seen in the summary table below. NON-AGRICULTURAL WAGE AND SALARY EMPLOYMENT MIAMI ECONOMIC REGION Employment Change (000) County 1978 1982 Number Percent Dade 646.9 722.8 75.9 11.7% Broward 289.9 327.7 37.8 13.0% Palm Beach 171.6 185.2 13.6 7.9% Total 1,108.4 1,235.7 127.3 11.4% -- Unemployment. The aforementioned forecasts for regional employment, coupled with corollary population and labor force expectations, imply nine percent unemployment in 1982 as compared with seven percent at the present time. II-3 ** Salient estimates in that respect follow directly below. Miami Economic Dade 1982 Projected Region County Population* 3,325,200 1,598,800 Labor Force Participation 54.0 47,5 Rate Labor Force 1,463,400 759,400 Non -Agricultural Wage/ Salary Employment 1,235,700 722,800 total Employment ** 1,333,100 679,400 Implied Unemployment 8.9 9.6 * Based on several published forecasts, including those prepared by the University of Florida and Kiplinger. At 1.079 times non-agricultural wage/salary employ- ment for the region and 0.94 times non-agricultural wage/salary employment for the county, based on recent trends in these indices. Qualitative Employment Characteristics. Occupation and wage levels, key measures of real opportunities that may be available to Miami resi- dents, are a direct function of the industry mix forecast for the period ahead. The industrial mix of forecast employment gains in the Miami region, detailed in Appendix B, is summarized as follows: -- Industry Mix: Service and governmental categories will lead other sectors in absolute gains throughout 1978-82, according to forecasts by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. In combination, these two industry categories will be up approximately 14,000 jobs (3.3%) per annum throughout the period. Trade and manufacturing, in turn, will also expand ap- preciably, with respective gains on a yearly basis aver- aging almost 7,600 and 5,000 jobs into the early 1980's. II-4 In percentage terms finance, insurance and real estate -- central place functions concentrated within downtown Miami -- will be up sharply, 3.7 percent per annum. These forecast changes are a reflection of a viable and substantially growing economy and provide an important point of departure for prospective city economic develop- ment strategies as noted further below in this report. Employment changes for Dade County for the comparable period reflect similar patterns of industrial mix as may be seen directly below. * Average Annual Employment, Oade County Change Industry Category 1978 1982 Number Percent Manufacturing 95,100 106,800 2,295 3.1% Construction 30,500 32,900 2,400 7.9% Transportation/ Utilities 62,400 66,700 1,075 1.7% Trade 165,500 180,200 3,675 2.2% Finance, Ins. & R.E. 46,500 51,700 1,300 2.8% Services 155,100 181,400 6,575 4.2% Government 91,800 103,100 2,825 3.1% Total 646,900 722,800 18,975 2.9% * Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security estimates (1978) and projections (1982) for non-agricultural wage and salary employment. The implications of forecast sectoral employment changes for occupa- tional and wage level opportunities are described immediately below. Occupational Profiles: Extending directly from the sub- stantial service and governmental industry growth fore- cast, white collar positions will increase sharply for the early 1980's with average annual gains of 9,900 (2.8%) per annum anticipated in Dade County. Clerical workers -- related largely to office activities such as those concentrated within downtown and along Brickell Avenue -- will lead this rise followed by pro- fessional, technical and kindred jobs which are also centered in the office development sector. Specific occupational gains forecast for the coming period for Dade County are summarized directly below. II-5 DA X COUNrI WAGE AND SALARY EMPLOYMENT J Occupational Category Average Annual Chan e 1978 1982 Number Percent White Collar Prof„ tech., Kindred 93,100 105,400 3,075 3.3 Managers, et. el, 61,400 68,300 1.725 2.8 Sales Workers 49,300 53,600 1,075 2.2 Clerical Workers 143,000 159,000 4,000 2.8 Subtotal 346,800 386,300 9,875 2.8 Blue Caller Craft, Kindred 69,200 77,700 2,125 3,1 Operatives 82,100 92,200 2,525 3.1 Laborers, Exc. Farm 38,700 43.400 1,175 3.0 Subtotal 190.000 213.300 5,825 3.1 Service Workers 110.100 123.200 3.275 3.0 Total 646,900 722,800 18,975 2.9 J Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security estimates of non-agricultural wage and salary employment. 1978 distributions have been interpolated from 1976 and 1982 data. -- Wage Levels: While comprehensive data on comparative in- come levels for various occupational groups are not available, statistics provided through state -sponsored job placement programs generally indicate that profes- sional/technical and managerial categories are associ- ated with the highest salary levels, followed by certain blue collar categories together with sales and then clerical workers. Service categories are typically as- sociated with the lowest wage levels (see Appendix B). Personal Income. By 1982, payrolls generated by Dade County indus- trial gains will account for almost $1 billion more in personal income or a "real income" gain of 14 percent over 1978 levels of $7.4 billion. Reflecting average per employee wage and salary rates (detailed in Volume IV in this series on Economic Development Strategies -- page IV-B-3) and expected levels of industry sector growth, the greatest increase in county payrolls would take place in the services sector followed, in turn, by government, trade, construction and manufacturing. These estimates, it should be emphasized, are conservative inasmuch as they assume no "real" increases in average per employee wage and II-6 salaries, an unlikely prospect even if the present economic slowdown with- in the nation extends beyond 1980. County Average Total Industry Job Increases, Per Employee Incremental Category 1978-1982 Payroll, 1978* Payrofl,1978-1982 Manufacturing 11,700 Construction 9,600 Transportation/ Utilities 4,300 Trade 14,700 F.I.R.E. 5,200 Services 25.900 Government 11,300 Total 510,100 $12,800 $17 ,200 5 9,600 511,800 510,600 513,400 5118,200 122,900 74,000 141,100 61,400 274,500 151,400 75,900 $943,500 * From page IV-B-3 of Volume IV Governmental Revenues. Employment expansion for Dade County will have both direct and indirect effects on the county's fiscal position. In the former instance, expanded facilities development accommodating increased employmentwill result in a higher level of aggregate property tax revenues. In the latter instance, higher levels of consumer expenditures resulting from personal income increases will generate greater sales taxes and revenues from merchant business fees and the like. Net fiscal gains, of course, would be a function of these revenues, less costs for additional services to meet the needs of an expanding population and job base. II-7 Various theories have been advanced as to the relative fiscal impacts of "basic" and service sector activities, but empirical evidence on this subject remains mixed.1/ There is general agreement that commercial development generates fis- cal surpluses. Industrial development may or may not depending on such factors as capital intensity, residential location of workers, and corol- lary factors pertaining to the number of jobs and wage levels. Of importance to Miami's current and future industry profile, an evaluation of New York City's job base ranked fiscal benefits per employee greatest in the finance, insurance and real estate sector followed by manufacturing, services, trade and government.?/ Comparable conclusions were derived in a similar study for Washington, D.C.3/ 1/ For a complete discussion and literature search of this topic, refer to the Urban Institute's 1979 publication, Fiscal Consequences of Changes in a Community's Economic Base: A Review of the Literature, by George A. Reigelath, et al. 2/ Roy W. Bahl, et al., Taxes, Expenditures and the Economic Base: Case Study of New York City, Praeger Publishers, New York, 1974. 3/ David Greytak and Edward M. Capoli, Revenue Implications of Alter- native Tax Systems in the Context of a Changing Central City Employ- ment Structure:' The Case of Washington, D.C., Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse, June 1977. II-8 Since Dade County employment gains are anticipated primarily in the service sector followed by trade, manufacturing and government, beneficial fiscal effects from economic growth will likely be appreciable. Specific Miami Opportunities Following extensive analysis of the city's economic base in the con- text of the three -county region -- Dade, Broward, Palm Beach -- a series of industrial "targets" have been identified for Miami. Representing promising opportunities in light of changes anticipated for the region, these targets can represent significant opportunities in relation to economic objectives with respect to: - - net incremental employment gains for city residents; -- improved qualitative job opportunities; - - increased personal income levels; and -- expansion in the city's tax base. Industrial Targets. Among the sectors offering significant growth potentials for future Miami economic growth are: 1. Tourist -related industries encompassing hotels, eating and drinking establishments, real estate development, construction and amusement and recreational services. 2. Business support services in a variety of office -using industries associated with "center place" functions. 3. Health care services linked to the substantial, region - serving medical institutions presently located within the city. 4. Industrial commerce linked to Miami's role as a"gateway" city. 5. Financial services building on Miami's position as one of the nation's leading banking centers. II-9 6. Light manufacturing activities keyed to the plastics, electronic equipment, instrument, printing and publish- ing, and furniture industries. Business Retention. Equally as important, preservation of existing business activities in prominent industry sectors will complement an over- all economic development program for the city. Industrial Targets. Business retention efforts should be focused on specific industry segments: 1. Retail trade in comparison shopper goods, serving the larger southeast Florida region (in addition to con- venience goods and services provided to the local popu- lation). 2. Wholesale trade capitalizing on the city's location with- in the larger metropolitan context to receive, subdivide and distribute major commodities. 3. Primary manufacturing in conjunction with apparel, leather, and food and kindred products. The scope and character of these growth and retention opportunities are described below, and specific recommendations as to an overall eco- nomic development strategy for the city to pursue with respect to these "targets of opportunity" are presented in Part III. Detailed discussion as to the dimension of these opportunities may be found in Appendix A. 1. Tourism. Historically an important component of the Miami eco- nomy, this sector has expanded to cover international as well as domestic markets. In Dade County, 108,100 persons, representing 17 percent of all Dade County employed, were engaged in tourist -related activities in 1978. Spanning primary as well as secondary industries, these sectors en- compass hotels and other lodging places, eating and drinking establish- ments, real estate development, construction and recreational services. II-10 While cyclical in nature and subject, in these times, to potential fluctuations due to energy problems and changing international currency exchange rates, Miami and,other Florida destinations have fared well during recent unsettling economic conditions. Of particular interest to the city has been the recent and rapidly expanding level of international tourism from both Canadian and Latin American sources. By recent estimates, these groups constitute almost 20 percent of Dade County's visitors. Additionally, while nominal (3 percent of all tourists) at this time, Mexican and European visitors represent potential new significant markets to the city. 2. Supporting Business Services. Directly linked to the city's role as a financial and commercial center are a variety of supporting office using industries localized around the downtown. Overall, these business services -- including advertising, building cleaning, computer and data processing, consulting and equipment leasing -- increased by nearly 8,000 positions between 1972 and 1978, going from 20,900 to 28,600 during the period. Sharp gains h4ve been noted following the 1974-75 recession years and the expectation i,s that this sector can continue to realize substantial growth potentials in the future as Miami's commercial and financial role is further enhanced. 3. Health Care Services. Constituting one of the real "growth indus- tries" nationwide, health care services recorded a 6.5 percent per annum growth rate in Dade County for 1972-78, going from 28,000 to 39,000 positions. Generally unaffected by economic downturns, the industry gained in absolute terms in 1974 and 1975 despite severe recessionary impacts. Centering around Miami's major teaching institution, Jackson Memorial Hospital with 1,250 beds, a substantial opportunity exists for multiplying opportunities in connection with this sector in the future. 4. International Trade. Reflecting the city's increasing role as an international "gateway," exports registered in the Miami customs district were up $1.7 million over the past four years going from $2.0 billion in 1974 to $3.7 billion in 1978. This almost two -fold gain accounted for appreciable employment in the transportation and utilities sector (encompassing local and inter -urban passenger transit, trucking and warehousing, water, air,and miscellaneous transportation services together with communications) with total jobs going from 56,500 in 1975 to 59,700 in 1978. In addition to the substantial contributions accounted for by the air industry (approximately 44 percent of total employment in these cate- gories), port related transport and corollary transportation services are particularly relevant to the city's future economic prospects. Though relatively small at the present time, these have shown significant growth in the past few years and planned port expansions will likely result in even more dramatic increases in the foreseeable future. 5. Banking and Finance. Directly related to increases in inter- national trade, together with an expanded and growing regional population base, Miami's banking and finance industry has made substantial strides. Rapidly becoming one of the nation's major international financial centers, the city now accounts for 14 foreign banks, 14 Edge Act banks and 12 domestic financial institutions with active international departments. 11-12 Per capita deposits in Dade County at the present time have been estimated at $4,400 -- a level 18 percent higher than that for Atlanta, long consideredthe financial hub of the southeastern United States. Reflecting this quantum leap in financial activity, Dade County employment in the banking sector gained an average of 4.4 percent annually going from 9,000 in 1975 to 10,200 in 1978. Deposits in commercial banks and savings and loan institutions -- two sectors that contribute directly to working capital for business enter- prises and the housing industry -- almost doubled between 1970 and 1975, going from $6.4 billion at the beginning of that period to $11.8 billion at the end. This average annual increase of 17 percent slowed somewhat to about nine percent during the latter part of the 1970's, with total deposits standing at $14.9 billion in 1978. By far the overwhelming majority of the county's banking activities are located in Miami. All told, 26 of Dade's 37 banks have offices in Miami and as a group, these financial institutions account for two-thirds (67 percent) of total county deposits. 6. Manufacturing Activities. Four discrete sectors of prime impor- tance of Miami have been identified in this report. Included are: a. Small specialized light manufacturing; b. Apparel; c. Leather products; and d. Food and kindred products. II-13 The small specialized light manufacturing group encompasses: -- Rubber and plastics manufacture; -- Electric and electronic equipment manufacture; - - Instruments and related products; - - Household furniture and furnishings; and - - Printing and publishing. Taken together, these sectors currently represents an important por- tion of Miami's industrial base and, with careful planning and supporting public programs, can be nurtured to continue to make significant economic contributions, especially in relation to the scale and quality of job opportunities. With respect to these activities, the rubber and plastics industry is currently engaged in product manufacturing for Latin American export. Firms within this category have located primarily outside the city in the past but can be drawn back to Miami given linkages with gateway ports and airports together with relationships to other industries. Similarly, certain electric and electronic equipment and instrument manufacturers which tend to be labor intensive and concerned with rela- tively compact products such as small medical diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, are eminently suited for the city. Household fabrication, on the other hand, has demonstrated strong affinity to the city's labor force in the past, a strength that can be further capitalized on in the future. These enterprises profit by the existence of skilled individuals, trained in upholstering type functions by their experience in the apparel industry. Since many of these firms serve Latin America and California as well as local markets, a combination II-14 • of their proximity to this labor force coupled with access to the regional transportation network can be important in future expansion plans within the city. The printing and publishing industry is already well established in Miami and is in many respects tied to the large concentration of business and financial activities in the city. In much the same fashion, the apparel, leather products and food and kindred manufacturing sectors -- already prominent in the city -- offer specific city -based advantages. In spite of nationwide declines in apparel and leather products owing to foreign competition, and the city's declines in food processing due to local area decentralization, selected special sub -sectors can be accom- modated within the city provided contemporary facilities and operation assistance are provided. Essential features of any city program aimed at retaining or recovering plants that have relocated in the past must recognize the need for well -located manufacturing faci- lities at competitive prices reasonably accessible to the airport. Facilities of that type, coupled with a skilled labor force (particularly minority women), represents an important economic development opportunity for the city that can be enlarged in the period ahead. 7. Retail Trade. While generally following population patterns, Miami's "central place" functions in this industry have been reinforced through both downtown revitalization and a substantial infusion of Latin American travelers shopping in the area. Representing a major employment sector, this industry accounted for almost one in every five county jobs in 1978 and generated approximately 12 percent of Dade's personal income. II-15 With 2.8 million square feet of retail space -- a substantial portion of which is in comparison shopper goods -- downtown Miami remains a major force in regional retailing. That role will expand with an increasing employment base and higher tourist volumes. Moreover, through sales to foreign shoppers -- particularly in the Central Business District, Omni and Coconut Grove -- retailing serves as a "basic" export industry adding further support, through economic multipliers, to other sectors. 8. Wholesale Trade. Servirq inter and intra-regional distribution functions, wholesale operations nationwide are increasingly expanding the range of services provided to meet changing industry requirements. At present, 49,100 persons are employed in Dade County's wholesale trade industry, up from 38,800 in 1972. Over one-third (37 percent) of the county's wholesale activity was accommodated in the city in 1972, but given nationwide trends toward decentralization together with significant ware- house development in unincorporated Dade County in recent years, the city's share of total county activity in this sector has likely declined during the mid to late-1970's. Nevertheless, wholesale trade remains an important component of Miami's economic base. A significant portion of the city's operations are found in the vicinity to the Civic Center and north along Northwest 7th Avenue. Many of these related to food processing and furniture manu- facture. Given highly specialized needs in conjunction with the port and the existing city population base, together with continued support from and linkages with a variety of other industries that will maintain and expand II-16 operations within the city, wholesaling can remain an important -- if not expanded -- part of Miami's economy in the period ahead. Economic Development Strategies: The dimensions of Miami's challenge and opportunities outlined above (and detailed in the Appendix to this report) form the frame- work in which prospective city actions can be weighed against prescribed community objectives on the one hand and priorities assigned to available resources on the other. A series of recommended responses in light of indicated development opportunities is presented in Part 1II below. Following a restatement of principal goals governing these programs, a series of "generic" and related indus- try -specific strategies designed to meet overall require- ments of a prospective Miami economic development program are set forth. I1-17 PART III: THE RESPONSE • PART III: THE RESPONSE Overall economic development strategies for the city are best viewed in the context of: - - prescribed public policy goals - - generic (basic) strategies - - specific action programs. Each of these is described in the pages which follow. to: Primary Economic Development Goals in Review Four basic goals governing Miami's economic development program are - - Generate a sufficient number of new jobs to meet the needs of city residents in the period ahead. -- Upgrade the quality of employment opportunities available to city residents. - - Increase personal income levels. - - Preserve and expand the city's tax base. These goals, it will be recognized, are highly interrelated. In addition, the city's location in a larger economic region cannot be overlooked.• In that respect, various opportunities may be available to residents who are employed elsewhere but chose to live within Miami. Con- versely, many of the jobs created in the city will be held by those living outside the community. Moreover,opportunities available for Miami and the economic region will, in part, be influenced by broader nationwide events. While economic indicators are mixed at this time, it would appear that the country is entering into a mild recession which will span the remaining portion of this year (1979) and continue until about mid-1980. Patently, the economic fortunes of Miami, as well asother cities throughout the nation, will be influenced by these developments. Never- theless, the basic strength of the city's economy has been demonstrated in the recent past and it is expected that city employment can continue to expand in the upcoming years. Net Incremental Jobs. Given the primacy of employment to the city's ongoing economic development fortunes, creation of new jobs must be focus- ed on: - - meeting additional labor force gains in the future; -- reducing present unemployment levels; and - - ameliorating underemployment . In order to accomplish these respective objectives, 30,000 net incremental new jobs must be added to the city between 1979 and 1985. This challenge is especially for- midable since it requires capturing slightly more than one in four new positions added to Dade County for the comparable period. In order to accomplish this end, a carefully conceived and effectively executed economic development program is essential. Generic (Basic) Strategies A number of fundamental responses must be highlighted at the outset in formulating an effective overall economic development program for the city. These generic strategies address: 1. Improving the climate for business activity in the city. 2. Enhancing the city's image as a place to do business. 3. Providing functional and competitively priced physical facilities for business expansion and relocation. III-2 • 4. Upgrading skills and capabilities of Miami's human capi- tal resources. 5. Providing financial and technical assistance to city businesses. 6. Attracting middle and upper income resident households. Specific activities in these areas are described below. 1. Imp roving the City Business Climate. The essential objectives for this generic strategy are to create a receptive and efficient city response network to meet the needs of industries moving into the area and those which may be relocating, expanding or remaining at their present facili- ties. Five basic responses would directly support this "business welcome wagon" and service program. These would include: a. Implementing a "business outreach" program. b. Creating a business "resource panel." c. Establishing a business "hotline." d. Expediting city decision making. e. Relieving tax burdens and providing specific incen- tives where appropriate. a. "Business Outreach". The primary purpose of this program would be to encourage on -going dialogue between city businesses and the munici- pal government in which grievances may be aired, concerns raised, and city feedback provided. One possible forum for this interchange is a "town meeting" at which various city officials can meet informally with a small .group of local business people. This exchange can both be varied in format and on -going as an integral part of the city's continuous economic develop- ment effort. III-3 While various organizations exist at present with respect to the business community, the nature of the process undertaken here would be slightly different and, moreover, would produce specific direct beneficial impacts for both Miami and the existing enterprise base. Specifically, four purposes would be served in this mobilization ef- fort, including: - - Conveying to those persons contacted that the city is concerned about its overall business climate. - - Ascertaining directly from the business community specific needs and problems in relation to an improved business climate. -- Educating business people as to various programs now being contemplated or those that will be undertaken by the city. -- Enabling the city, in turn, to deal with potential problems of business closures and/or relocations at an early time through the "early warning" system that might be instituted through the various contacts. Among the sectors that would be targeted here, given retention ef- forts and potential new activities, would be: - - Retail trade, including both Central Business District and neighborhood commercial enterpreneurs. - - Wholesale trade, with special emphasis on operations engaged in garment, food and beverage, furniture and sea and airport related functions. -- Special industries, notably apparel, instruments, leather products and other comparable sectors cited in this report. b. Business "Resource Panel". In instituting the "business out- reach" program, a broad selection of representative industry leaders and businesspersons should be canvassed and involved in the creation of a "resource panel." III-4 This panel should be drawn from existing resource groups such as the new Economic Development Policy Advisory Council, the New World Action Committee, and other leadership levels, as well as from the general busi- ness community. The purpose of this advisory group would be to mobilize the Miami business community to serve as a resource in responding to specific needs identified by businesses inquiring about prospective relocation to the city or others seeking to remain and meet changing needs. Thus, this panel would both support the existing business community and serve as a "welcome wagon" for new business prospects. As part of this program, all serious inquiries received by the Office of Trade and Commerce Development would be routinely passed along to a "business omnibusman" in the respective sector represented by the in- quirer. In turn, that businessperson would contact the respondent and provide both general information (made available through an OTCD information kit) as well as industry -specific information growing out of his or her own operating experience in the city. This program would provide invaluable insights to the parties seeking a new or expansion location in Miami and, moreover, demonstrate the city's deep and abiding commitment to providing responsive information on a time- ly basis. As such, it would complement directly the corollary program elements of''expediting city decision making as noted below. c. Business "Hotline". program, a central business service center should be established which can provide assistance, respond to inquiries, and refer questions to other agencies where appropriate. As part of this program, follow-up should be As part of the overall business support III-5 conducted to insure that all referrals are adequately serviced by other agencies. This program is associated with high pay-off in terms of preventing dissatisfaction and frustration among members of the city's business com- munity and thereby preventing business outmigration. This service also will provide further insights as to the nature to business concerns and recurring problems in city services. d. Streamlining the Decision Process. A re-evaluation of all ad- ministrative procedures with respect to accommodating business needs should be undertaken at an early time. The basic objective of this re-evaluation would be to establish a "fast track" economic development process for meeting inquiries or re- quests on the part of business organizations seeking to locate within the city or expand their present operations. Various permits or approvals required would be identified in specific terms and every effort undertaken to reduce processing time. The importance of a "fast track" streamlined government processing system cannot be overstated. Experience throughout the United States demonstrates that business interests are less inclined to turn to cities where inordinate delays can be expected. All other things being equal with respect. to locational criteria, these extensions in processing are equated with "lost time and costs" and thereby directly affect success or failure in attracting new enterprises or retaining existing ones. e. Tax Incentives. In broader terms, the city should formulate a program of tax and other incentives (development bonuses; improved infra- structure to meet specific needs; etc.) with respect to targeted indus- tries that meet specific ongoing needs. III-6 For example, these efforts might be directed at meeting the following objectives: - - Diversification of the local economy so as to mitigate cyclical effects. - - Attraction of industries that may carry greater multi- plications within the economy (e.g., instrument tech- nology in association with medical research). -- Provision of jobs for semi -skilled or lower -skilled persons that may present upward mobility with respect to job qualification and associated wage and salary levels. In-depth examination in that respect should be given to prospective financial incentive programs designed to assist industries during early, more precarious start-up phases. Moreover, on a case -by -case basis, other assistance -- in the form of development bonuses for more intensive land utilization or accelerated infrastructure construction in line with the city's capital improvement program --should be considered. In each of these instances, the objective would be to accommodate the needs of selected industries that meet the broader economic development blueprint that has been established and, in so doing, gain the advantages of multiplications that may be provided. Potential economic leverage here can result in net incremental gains, even in the short term, for the city. Thereafter, of course, even greater benefits would accrue. 2. Enhancing Miami's Image as a Place to Conduct Business. National and even regional perceptions of southeastern Florida frequently fail to recognize the city's substantial business and financial base. This image problem can and should be overcome by an effective pro- motional campaign. Three discrete elements should be considered in that respect: III-7 - - The first, pertaining to the geographic coverage of these marketing efforts. - - The second, related to the "themes" that may be incor- porated within promotional materials. -- The third, targeted at specific industries as a com- plement to projecting the city's regional message. a. Geographic Coverage. When designing a program to attract new industries to an area, the natural tendency is to seek wider regional, national and international coverage. In the case of Miami, a balanced program for promoting the city's. image would be well advised to maintain a steady series of "promotional reminders" at each of these levels. Paralleling thoseefforts, however, the importance of coverage in Florida and the greater Miami area cannot be overemphasized. A great many of the new industries in the Miami area come from within Florida or within the metropolitan area itself. In this respect, city expansion and business spin-off markets are prime candidates for marketing efforts. Various media options for reaching geographic target markets will have to be examined in relation to the totality of an overall marketing campaign consistent both with. available resources on the one hand, and penetration into each of these submarkets on the other. The specifics of such a program, of course, would be detailed through the Office of Trade and Commerce Development and its ongoing operations. b. Promotional Themes. Perceptions of the city are frequently confused with neighboring Miami Beach, thereby masking the considerable assets and resources available for business and industrial activity. III-8 While stressing Miami's livability with respect to weather, climate and other aesthetic values, care should be taken to convey other important assets. Going beyond the "sun and fun" message might be a variety of others directed to Miami's businesslike attitudes and receptive industrial cli- mate. Specific assets stressed in these promotional efforts might include: - - the city's role as one of the nation's largest inter- national financial centers; - - continuing and expanding trade and transportation hub of major proportion; -- a skilled and bi-lingual labor force; - - centrality within a large and growing regional market; and - - the availability of a diverse and expanding economy. Various graphic and written techniques can be applied to project these themes: illustratively, "Miami means more than beaches and boats ... Miami means business!" Another effective technique is one of posing a question as to what is the largest financial and trade center within the southeast and, after furnishing the names of various cities such as those cited in Volume II of this report series, highlighting Miami's leading role in that respect as • compared with New Orleans, Jacksonville, Tampa, and even Atlanta. Each of these themes will catch attention and project a message that has not been sufficiently clarified and focused around the nation up to the present time. Equally important, however, is a well -designed campaign which will reinforce complementary promotional efforts -- largely in the tourism area III-9 -- undertaken by nearby jurisdictions in order to achieve greater benefi- cial impacts for the region that the city can share. The need for coordi- nation and consistency among various marketing themes utilized in Dade County is clear. One possible means for accomplishing a unified approach is a joint tourist promotion effort, perhaps funded by BED tax collections, as one part of the city's overall marketing campaign. In addition to these efforts, the city can also work with appropriate state agencies which undertake substantial promotional efforts -- funded at appreciable levels -- in connection with domestic and foreign (most notably Europe and Asia at this time) tourism. This would complement comparable activities currently aimed at the Latin American market, among others. An effective promotional campaign will establish Miami as being in a most amenable climate zone and, of equal importance, demonstrate that all of the necessary commercial "infrastructure" is in place here to carry on business in an effective and profitable manner. c. Targeted Industries. Even while these general promotional ef- forts are proceeding it is well to think of more selective, pinpointed promotional marketing. As such, a number of industries have been identified in the course of this study that warrant attention. Listed below are several of these. To this compilation may be added a variety of others that are identified and discussed in greater detail in the appendix to this report. -- Printing and publishing: small firms, particularly those with Central and South American clients and those engaged in printing travel brochures or adver- tising supplements, or publishing magazines; III-10 • -- Rubber and miscellaneous products: small firms pro- ducing goods for Latin export or for local building construction and scientific instruments industries; -- Electric and electronic equipment: small firms pro- ducing electromedical products, particularly ultra- sonic equipment, and electric equipment for Latin American and Caribbean export; - - Instruments and related products: small establish- ments manufacturing medical and surgical instruments for local and Latin American markets; and - - Furniture and fixtures: manufacturers of casual fur- niture, particularly rattan, upholstered, light oak frame, and patio pieces. 3. Available and Competitively Priced Physical Facilities. The city's ability to effect business retention and corollary attraction of new industries must be deepened. Several specific programs are outlined further below in this document that relate to this capability. In basic and generic strategy terms, however, a number of "insti- tutional" steps should be undertaken at the outset in concert with those efforts. First and foremost, a current and hopefully "instantaneously retriev- able" inventory of available industrial facilities should beput in place, building on information now available through utility companies, the Industrial Development Authority, and other groups. Conceived as the counterpart to the "shopping list" that prospective industries may present when inquiring about Miami locations, this compi- lation would present all salient features with respect to available indus- trial land and improvements. Among these features would be: -- site size and configuration; -- building specifications (multi -floor, single floor, column spacing); -- accessibility (street network, alley service link- ages, loading bays, etc.); - - available utilities; - - pertinent financial data (sales price, rent, other. terms); and -- parties to contact (leasing or management agents, owners, etc.). By demonstrating retrieval capabilities in this area, the city can make major strides in accommodating those inquiring about prospective locations and gain considerable advantage in ultimately attracting the industries in question. Recognizing that an industrial inventory can be an extensive and time consuming effort, our recommendation is that certain areas be given prior- ity at the outset to meet current and emerging needs. Foremost among these would be: - - the fashion district; and - - other light industrial and wholesaling nodes. With respect to the former, Miami's garment industry is concentrated between Northwest 22nd and Northwest 29th Streets and from 2nd Avenue to 6th Avenue. This area reprsents a viable location for activities of this type, particularly in view of the strong ties to wholesale and retail activities nearby. The city's planning department is undertaking a major improvement program for expansion and beautification of the district, and in parallel with that effort, specific industry inventories should also be obtained as soon as possible. To the extent that such inventories identify land and facilities that can be made available near the fashion district, it would be desirable to accommodate "affinity" industries here as well as apparel manufacture. Among those in that category would be leather products, a sector that draws on comparable skills in relation to the city's labor force and which also appeals to similar consumer markets. This sector, which is now diffused throughout the city can gain from proximity to the apparel industry. A variety of other specific programs have been identified in the course of this work in relation to geographic locations throughout Miami. These are covered further below with respect to associated economic development strategies, 4. Human Capital Resources. Among Miami's assets with respect to attracting new industries and preserving old ones, the city's basic "capi- tal" in a very real sense is its current and future labor force. In this regard, two points should be emphasized in the city's future economic development promotion activities. These would encompass: a. present skills vested within the labor force; and b. the hard-working and upwardly mobile characteristics of that labor force. Illustratively, the achievements of Miami's Cuban immigrants are evi- dent throughout the city. This hard-working, bi-lingual labor force seeks improved livelihood in many ways in parallel with other immigrant genera- tions. These innate qualities, which will govern future industry perfor- mance, are as important to locational decisions as is the profile of the current force. The aspirations of Miami's workers should not only be noted in market- ing programs, but equally as important, accommodated with respect to governmental and privately sponsored training programs in the future. III-13 The city would be well advised, for example, to encourage and assist the following public and private sector programs: a. Private Business Schools; including notably those teaching skills associated with office -using indus- tries. b. Industry Focused Programs; such as those frequently included in "on-the-job" training within banking and other financial institutions. c. Repair and. Maintenance Programs; carried out through private schools and/or major industries and designed to teach back-up, support skills to assure ongoing , smooth operations. d. Vocational Education; on the part of the city's school systems both within individual programs featur- ing job training in addition to other, complementary skills, and within programs found within broader aca- demic educational institutions. e. Specific Government Sponsored Training; including a variety of programs which have been undertaken through CETA and its predecessor job training program. In the recognition that commitments to this program will continue for many years in the future, generic city economic strategies should aim at effecting the best "fit" between skilled training on the one hand and emerging needs of Miami's industries on the other. As a pool of these skilled individuals increases, a series of bene- ficial and mutually reinforcing impacts can be expected. These would include greater career development and upward mobility for individuals obtaining these skills on the one hand, and a broader and deeper human capital resource base to promote city economic development on the other. 5. Financial and Technical Assistance. In combination with the aforementioned generic economic development strategies, a series of other basic services should be put in place to aid Miami's businesses. III-14 Specifically accounted for in this respect would be: a. Technical assistance; and b. Financial assistance. Various steps in both of these areas have been initiated by a number of local government offices. It remains, however, to provide a focal point around which services of this type can be furnished and -- of equal impor- tance -- made known to existing city establishments as well as others that may seek to locate in the area. At the outset, knowledgeable business and industrial entrepreneurs, who represent an important existing resource, should be assembled as an extension to the "resource panel" noted earlier with a view to making their technical expertise available in relation to various functions set forth immediately below. a. Technical Assistance. Included in this area would be a number of key functions pertaining to successful business operation. Among those would be: - - management counseling; -- legal consultation; - - auditing/accounting and financial guidance; - - promotional advertising and marketing; -- inventory control; and research, development and retrieval of previously established operational information. These functions can be presented on a "one-on-one" basis much in line with the SBA SCORE program, and through a variety of techniques including seminars and workshops. While community, voluntary service would account for a large propor- tion of the technical resources assembled in this fashion, several federal • and state programs can be utilized as part of the city's effort. Among these are: Federal Programs -- The U.S. Department of Commerce has programs in for- eign investment and international trade which can be used to supplement ongoing Miami activities (such as international fairs) to promote increased activities in the trade sector. These programs are sponsored jointly with the Florida Economic Development Office, and efforts should be made to coordinate with this state agency to capitalize on these federal initi- atives. -- The U.S. Department of the Commerce Industry and Trade Administration has begun a new program to encourage export of apparel goods. Currently focused on Western Europe, future opportunities in the Far East and in Latin America are also envisioned as part of this pro- gram. Efforts should be made to tie Miami operations in to these activities. State Programs -- The State of Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development, Trade Development Office sponsors programs to encourage foreign trade. As part of an overall strategy, the city should seek direct representation in trade missions, trade shows, and educational campaigns, through both the Tallahassee and Coral Gables offices. -- The Division of Economic Development of the Florida Department of Commerce is beginning to work on a com- puterized system which will match industries to suit- able locations in the state. Of vital city interest, Miami should establish contact with the sponsoring agency and monitor these efforts. City Staff Resources. Utilization of the federal and state programs enumerated above would be best accomplished with a full-time, technical assistance staff within the Office of Trade and Commerce Development. This staff resource would be an important complement to voluntary services on the part of leading area business and industrial persons. The functions of such a staff would be two -fold: -- First, to provide direct technical assistance as ap- propriate to various enterprises; and -- Second, to formulate more general materials that could be focused to aid a large number of similar indus- tries. As an example of this second function, a variety of useful manuals, guidelines and comparable examples have been furnished by state agencies to assist local enterprises throughout the United States. Keyed to tax reporting, inventory control, and similar concerns, these programs generalize from specific cases known through the direct technical assistance furnished as part of these programs to the nature of repetitive problems and/or issues confronting business and industrial operations. Accordingly, the generic economic development strategies for Miami should incorporate a staff resource base from which to effectively utilize voluntary resources and tap available federal and state programs in an on- going "institutional" fashion. O. Financial Assistance. Extending the consultations described above, financial assistance in the form of advisory services and specific ways and means to meet working capital and other requirements on the part of enterprises, would form the core of this program component. The scope of these activities can be comprehensive including: - - Capital and loan packaging. - - Means and sources for equity financing -- Debt financing and loan guarantees. - - Related financial considerations. III-17 • Once again, a two -level program might be envisioned: - - The first, focused on serving as a conduit in identi- fying potential financing from other sources including private sector institutions and governmental groups; and - - The second, relating to a more active role on the part of the city through the creation of a development corporation -- as is presently under investigation -- or other similar vehicle which could leverage the "municipal equity" thus established. Given increased economic development attention throughout the nation, the available government programs in this area are extensive and generally well known. For purposes of this generic strategy, listed below are a number of key sources which can serve for guideline purposes in regard to specific program responses formulated by the city in the financial assistance area. Federal Programs - - Economic Development Administration: EDA Title I, Title IX, and Trade Adjustment Assistance programs will provide direct loans and loan guarantees for fixed asset purchase or working capital. While garment operations are gener- ally excluded from these programs, a wide variety of other activities can qualify. In addition, EDA money can be used as equity or venture capital (Title IX, through revolving loan funds) or for rehabilitation funding. - - Department of Housing and Urban Development: HUD pro- grams for business financing include Community Develop- ment Block Grants, Urban Development Action Grants, and the 312 program for rehabilitation. Alone and in con- junction with neighborhood based non-profit organi- zations, these programs can provide monies for fixed as- sets, rehabilitation and working capital. - - Small Business Administration: Through SBA 502, 7(a), Equal Opportunity Loans and SBIC-MESBIC programs, loan guarantees, loan participations and selective direct loans can be made to small businesses. III-18 • County Programs -- Commercial and residential revitalization programs: Dade County's Community Development programs uses CD monies for renovation in target neighborhoods. The commercial revitalization program, for example, provides for bank loans at effective interest rates of three percent. This program would be particularly useful for retailing in neighborhood commercial areas and would provide spin-off neighborhood revitalization benefits. -- Industrial Revenue Bonds: Dade's Industrial Development Authority is empowered to float tax-free industrial revenue bonds which can be used to finance projects which will increase employment in the county. To round out this program of technical and financial assistance, continued attention to industry "targeting" is also recommented. Illus- trative direction in this regard are cited below. c. Target Industry Sectors. As a point of departure, a number of industry groups can be emphasized for "initial technical and financial. assistance" in line with the directions set forth above. Reflecting the basic strengths of the Miami economy identified else- where in this report series, these would include activities aimed at as- sisting the retention and/or expansion of existing enterprises in these various sectors. In brief, the industries in question and potential activities that might be undertaken in their behalf are listed below. Tourism: As many tourist -related activities, especially eating and drinking establishments and retail outlets, are small operations, overall business start-up, manage- ment counseling, and financial assitance could be impor- tant. Specialized Light Industrial Activities: Given the fact that many of the industrial establishments in Miami are small independent operations, both technical and finan- cial assistance are of vital importance. In particular, emphasis should be placed on business management services and the provision of working capital. III-19 -- Wholesale Trade: Due to the evolving sophistication of this industry, including its increasing use of computer technology in providing customer services, technical as- sistance should be provided to help small establishments remain competitive. - - Retail Trade: Because of the high turnover in this industry, and the dynamic nature of its markets, emphasis should be placed on "front-end" service assistance, in- cluding marketing, planning, site selection and capital financing. - - International Trade: As international trade is a very complex and potentially risky business, a strong techni- cal assistance program is particularly necessary here. 6. Middle and Upper Income Households. Even while the principal focus for the generic economic development strategies cited here pertains to "industries" as such, the corollary community development objective cannot be overlooked. As in the case of human capital resources, the attraction of indus- tries or retention of existing ones frequently is inextricably linked to the city's population base. Throughout the country, substantial growth in executive offices, high technology industries and similar developments typically is characterized by close proximity to persons with high educa- tion and corollary personal income capabilities. In similar fashion, the successful achievement of the city's goal to attract more middle and upper income persons can be expected to have comparable effects. Accordingly, an integral part of these generic economic development strategies is to maintain and perhaps even intensify the city's present commitment to attracting households of this type. Toward that end, components of this community development counterpart of basic economic strategies under discussion here might include the fol- lowing: III-20 a. Encourage high-rise residential development at selected locations along Biscayne Bay. The city's superb waterfront amenity should be fully utilized to stimulate residential construction. .This basic,. natural feature and asset has proven to be influential with respect to middle and high income households throughout the nation. While activity of this type is already taking place along Brickell Avenue, it should be encouraged, through use of appropriate incentives, if necessary, along Biscayne Boulevard where overall neighborhood revitalization can benefit both that area and, more broadly, the city's overall economic base. We under- stand that the city is already planning for new resi- dential development in this corridor from Omni to 36th Street. b. Ongoing residential redevelopment programs. In addi- tion, a series of other programs has been formulated in the past designed to improve housing prospects through selective redevelopment. Where conditions are appropriate with respect to market acceptance, other comparable developments of this type should be encour- aged. In this respect, projects such as the overtown plan should be continued, and the existing network of community organizations should be utilized to foster other neighborhood efforts. c. New Town In -Town. Finally, a series of specific steps are now underway with regard to a proposed new town in -town north of the Central Business District. Consistent with sensitive and thoughtful attention to those economic enterprises currently located within this area for which a basic "business retention strat- egy" should be implemented, Miami should undertake all supporting actions necessary to successfully realize this substantial residential development. This program would increase tax ratables and provide quality housing opportunities for a wide variety of individuals, who would in turn enhance the city's labor force. Related Action Programs In addition to the generic strategies outlined above, a series of other responses would be appropriate in relation to indicated development opportunities. In general, these would focus around: 1. geographic areas for future activity; 2. facilities and other physical resource needs; and 3. industry -specific training programs. Various strategies in connection with these programs are outlined below. 1. Geographic Focus Included within this program would be: - - development of industrial parks; and - - enhancing and capitalizing on established city districts. Each of these is described in the paragraphs which follow. Industrial Park Resources. In order to maintain a competitive posi- tion with other suburban communities, we believe it would be advantageous to develop in the near term one or possibly two industrial parks featuring contemporary improvements suitable to meeting the needs of various enter- prises. Designed with typical "suburban" standards in mind, such parks would feature land coverage, set -backs, parking ratios, physical plants, and other appropriate restrictions. In the initial stages, this "industrial park resource" would be use- ful in retaining businesses currently considering relocation out of the city and possibly attracting back, others who have left to nearby com- munities. Toward that end, the 50-acre FEC railroad yard property appears to be excellent for the type of development noted here as it provides, among other features, access to the regional expressway network and sufficient III-22 land to create a unique industrial environment. We understand that the city is presently investigating ways to fund a study of options available for this site. A second park might be considered for the Civic Center area, with a view at accommodating food and beverage wholesale functions and medical related instruments and electrical equipment manufacturers in that area. In contrast with the FEC property, this location would require an extensive site acquisition and assembly program. a. Competitive Price Offerings. Any industrial park contemplated by the city must be competitively priced to meet suburban marketplace alternatives. Accordingly, a variety of techniques would have to be con- sidered by Miami in relation to "delivering" such spaces. Among these would be prospective land write -downs, inclusion of infrastructure development costs by the city, provision of financial in- centives through favorable interest rates, and other similar features. In guideline terms, space should be initially offered at prices some- what below competitive suburban levels to induce early movement. After momentum has been established, land prices likely could be raised to about $0.50-$1.00 above competitive suburban rates. Recognizably, competitively prices offerings can be higher than suburban counterparts provided the marketplace imputes higher values to other associated features such as access, nearby markets, and available labor force skills. Prospective industrial parks that may be created by the city, there- fore, should be governed by these guidelines both with regard to locations for such parks and the corollary program supports necessary for maintain- ing competitively priced merchandise. Where feasible, joint development of these parks should be considered. III-23 • b. Capitalizing on Existing "At -Place" Assets. In addition to an industrial park, a variety of other "geographic areas" within the city should be enhanced through providing necessary supporting services. Included in this respect would be: - - The Central Business District; -- The Port; -- Coconut Grove; - - The Civic Center Complex; - - The new Convention Center; and -- Biscayne Bay and related waterways. The direction that potential activities might take in relation to each of these "at -place assets" is noted in the paragraphs which follow. i. The Central Business District The CBD, as a major nucleus of business, service, and financial acti- vities within the region, can support future increments of economic devel- opment in a number of specific industry areas: Retail Trade: Continued private sector interest in down- town retailing is demonostrated by the recent Omni devel- opment, new malls on Flagler Street, and renovations by major CBD retailers. Public redevelopment initiatives in the Miami Riverfront Specialty District will further strengthen the downtown as a major retail node. In conjunction with business outreach and techni- cal/financial assistance programs, the city should continue to direct initiatives toward strengthening CBD retailing to maintain the viability of this sector in the years ahead. -- Tourism. The Convention Center/Hotel complex currently under construction, together with Omni and the hotel facilities planned as part of the Bali Point project, should be used to focus increasing levels of tourist activity in the downtown. III-24 The city should encourage private sector initiatives, particularly with regard to the renovation of CBD hotels, through financial support. Additionally, tourist pro- motion should stress the extensive high -quality shopping opportunities available in downtown Miami. Assuming adequate levels of funding can be obtained, the city should also support development of the Watson Island theme park. Business Services. Continued interest by the business services sector in the downtown, including Brickell Avenue, should be supported by access and parking im- provements. The city should continue to work with other city and county agencies toward developing solutions to downtown circulation and parking problems. In this re- gard, the proposed People Mover and transit system pro- jects should be supported. Banking and Finance. As with the business services sec- tor, banking and finance is already concentrated down- town. Again, alleviation of congestion and provision of additional parking would help to ensure continued momen- tum here. ii. The Miami Seaport and Related Activities The Port of Miami is presently a major international trade gateway as well as the largest cruise port in the nation. Planned improvements of the port will support further expansion of Miami's international trade sector. The proposed World Trade Center will provide added reinforcement to Miami's role as an international gateway, and the city should utilize this important addition to Miami's "place" assets in promotional materials and other recruitment efforts. The city should also attempt to capitalize on the large numbers of cruise passengers by encouraging weekends in Miami as part of the total vacation trip. III-25 iii. Coconut Grove Coconut Grove is already well established as a major specialty retail/entertainment center and tourist attraction, and public improve- ments now underway will underscore the appeal of this area. Coconut Grove should be supported through merchant business assis- tance programs -- such as those set out above -- and alleviation of parking shortages where feasible -- as is now being considered by the city. iv. The Civic Center Complex Health services activities and food and beverage operations already in this area should be used to expand city activities in these two sectors: Health Services: As the largest medical facility in the region, Jackson Memorial Hospital represents a major eco- nomic development opportunity for Miami. The city, working in conjunction with hospital adminis- tration staff, should focus on new business prospects interested in locating near the hospital. Where needed, financial and technical assistance should be provided to targeted health services and related activities. In addition, the city should assist in site assembly and consider possible financial incentives (land write -down, etc.), if necessary, to stimulate development in the area. Food and Beverage Sector Activities. As part of the city's industrial development initiatives, efforts should be made to create a nucleus of food and beverage manufacturing and wholesaling operations in the Civic Center area. Consideration should be given to a city - sponsored farmer's market center to stimulate private in- vestment and generate spin-off activities. v. The Knight Center. The Convention Center and hotel complex now under construction in the city's central area should be used as a vehicle for expanding convention - related tourist activity in the city. Not only should the facility itself III-26 be actively promoted within the convention circuit, but the convention center complex should be utilized in promotional materials as in demons- tration of the dynamic, vital character of Miami. vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterways Miami's water amenities are important assets that contribute in large measure to the overall physical attractiveness of the area as a place to live and work. They also support trade activities centered on the port and provide a natural resource for a burgeoning marina/marine industry that adds to the city's economic base. 2. Facilities and Physical Resources Two principal areas may afford interesting promise with respect to strategies focused on physical resources within the city. The first of these, as mentioned earlier, would be an inventory of all available industrial land and improvements. The second would be initi- ation of a "shopsteading" program designed to assist new, small business enterprises. a. Industrial Inventory. The desirability of a comprehensive compi- lation of city industrial land and improvement assets for those seeking a Miami location or other businesses expanding within the area, has already been discussed. Once in hand, this information can be used for other purposes as well. Foremost among these would be stimulating and encouraging new indus- tries through the provision of "incubator space" which could be properly sized to meet the needs of start-up firms. Building on the variety of approaches noted within this strategy section, the identification of these physical facilities would represent one of several possible supports that the city may furnish. Also included III-27 be actively promoted within the convention circuit, but the convention center complex should be utilized in promotional materials as in demons- tration of the dynamic, vital character of Miami. vi. Biscayne Bay and Related Waterways Miami's water amenities are important assets that contribute in large measure to the overall physical attractiveness of the area as a place to live and work. They also support trade activities centered on the port and provide a natural resource for a burgeoning marina/marine industry that adds to the city's economic base. 2. Facilities and Physical Resources Two principal areas may afford interesting promise with respect to strategies focused on physical resources within the city. The first of these, as mentioned earlier, would be an inventory of all available industrial land and improvements. The second would be initi- ation of a "shopsteading" program designed to assist new, small business enterprises. a. Industrial Inventory. The desirability of a comprehensive compi- lation of city industrial land and improvement assets for those seeking a Miami location or other businesses expanding within the area, has already been discussed. Once in hand, this information can be used for other purposes as well. Foremost among these would be stimulating and encouraging new indus- tries through the provision of "incubator space" which could be properly sized to meet the needs of start-up firms. Building on the variety of approaches noted within this strategy section, the identification of these physical facilities would represent one of several possible supports that the city may furnish. Also included III-27 here could be various tax incentives together with technical and other financial assistance that might be available to bring these firms to a normalized operation.status and thereby assist them in extending and ex- panding their business volume over time. b. Shopsteading. A relatively new concept in which vacant commercial property, includ ng abandoned or tax delinquent improvements, are turned 9 it over to the city and resold for nominal fees, this program has been suc- cessfully implemented in Baltimore and other communities. Since small business does represent an important component of Miami's overall economic base, we believe it would be valuable to investigate the feasibility of initiating a prototype pilot project in this area. In order to prove successful, however, shopsteading would require careful examination of both the subject properties that might be made available and the enterprises contemplating moves into such facilities. In addition, results must be carefully monitored so as to establish in broader terms the generalized principles that might be applicable to deepening and expanding this approach. The pilot "shopsteading" project should be coordinated with city and county revitalization and beautification efforts including those initi- atives now underway in Little River. Based on the prospective success of..,.such a program, similar activi- ties might be contemplated for Allapatah; LeJeune Road West of Northwest 7th Street and other areas where there are major complements of local serving "convenience" retail activities in physically distressed condi- tions. By providing improved neighborhood service levels which are directly linked to general area upgrading, shopsteading can be helpful in rounding out other efforts for enhanced community development. III-28 3. Industry -Specific Training Programs In addition to those generalized programs noted previously, a variety of vocational educational activities can be helpful in deepening the skill levels of Miami's labor force. Building on programs currently furnished through such groups as Dade Partners, the city should examine specific target industries in which training programs of this type can prove useful. Included in that respect would be the following: a. Light Manufacturing. A substantial level of unskilled labor is employed in manufacturing activities targeted for retention and expansion within the city. Foremost among these would be the needle trade where manual dexterity carries a high premium. In the past, the female Cuban labor force has been heavily employed in these sectors. At present, however, the supply of skilled labor is declin- ing due to increased education and better paying job opportunities avail- able to second generation, bi-lingual Cuban women. New in -migration groups -- including Haitians and Vietnamese --may provide important potential sources of future labor for these sectors provided some programs are initiated to train individuals from such back- grounds to fill available job slots. Although little formal training is required for sewing machine opera- tors and leather stitchers, speed is important. Therefore, familiarity with equipment and experience in handling garments and leather goods would be helpful to new entrants to these industries. Also of interest here is that fashion goods -- which form a large potential market for manufacturing establishments in these sectors -- III-29 represent further upgrading within the industry and greater opportunities in that respect might be accessible to Miami provided it succeeds in building a skilled labor force in this area. Needle trades, at present, are virtually excluded from CETA programs. Accordingly, local efforts to introduce sewing machines and associated manual skills into the local educational system should be intensified. Business involvement might be sought in this respect through dona- tions of sewing machines and other equipment as well as provision of individuals who might assist in designing and implementing training pro- grams of this type. In another area, food and kindred products, labor force needs consist primarily of unskilled labor for quality and pest control, skilled mechan- ics for ovens, air conditioning and refrigeration, expert bakers, and experienced industrial maintenance workers. Except for skilled electricians and mechanics, these workers do not require formal occupational training. Nevertheless, inclusion in local vocational programs of background courses in mechanics, air conditioning, refrigeration, electronics and industrial maintenance is recommended. Specific training required in other light manufacturing industries targeted here should be directed at: -- Printing and Publishing: craftsmen (image assemblers, skilled pressmen, etc.) and managerial skills. - - Rubber and miscellaneous products: general familiari- zation with the industry which does not have stringent skill requirements for large portions of.its labor force. - - Electric and electronic equipment: general industry familiarization for unskilled and semi -skilled workers and assemblers together with more technical courses for electric engineers. III-30 - - Instrument and related products. general familiarization for production workers and more specific skills for pro- fessionals or para-professionals engaged in clinical chemistry, - - Furniture and fixtures: skilled and semi -skilled workers including large numbers of sewing machine operators. In addition to these industries, more specific attention should be given to the building manager and maintenance industry in regard to sub- stantial developments that have taken place in the Central Business Dis- trict, as well as other large-scale residential and non-residential build- ings. A large supporting service cadre is required to maintain and operate structures of this type. Frequently, on-the-job training, such as that sponsored through the Department of Labor's Private Sector Initiatives Program, can be employed to meet a substantial portion of these, labor skills. Upward mobility is possible here through assuming supervisory and other semi -skilled posts within the maintenance organizations that manage such properties. Educational Resources. Patently, a number of skilled requirements for these selected industries cannot be fur- nished through CETA or other governmentally sponsored programs as such. Rather, these would be properly carried out through uni- versity and other special technical educational insti- tutions. Accordingly, the city should identify specific skills re- quired over time and take all appropriate steps to assure that an adequate supply of trained individuals in these categories can be expected through programmed university courses of study. III-31 b. Banking. A substantial number of bi-lingual clerical personnel are needed by this industry. Moreover, a large proportion of highly educated financial specialists are also required. The city, in conjunction with the public school system and local institutions of higher learning (e.g., Florida International University) can make known these needs and their corollary implication for financial, international trade and comparable courses of study. c. Tourism: Focused more on improving service levels within this sector, training programs pertaining to a variety of specific needs have been offered from time to time. Unique among these has been a program at Miami -Dade designed to enhance service levels in the tourist sector. In light of the sensitivities of this industry to shifting market supports -- especially where persistent problems become more widely known -- the efforts here should be expanded to insure that tourist activity generated by the new convention center, among other city assets, can be well supported through high quality personnel. Career Counseling and Job Guidance. As a complement to the afore- mentioned industry specific training program, continued outreach in the form of counseling to advise city residents of available job opportunities and to assist persons in meeting basic interview -screening "entry appli- cation," a job guidance center is recommended. Part of this program might also include an expansion of existing state -sponsored job placement ser- vices. A number of communities throughout the United States have been suc- cessful in this regard. Once again, the staff resouces here would require the commitment of city funds, some of which can be obtained from federal and state sources. 1I1-32 The successful realization of one key economic development objective -- namely, a reduced level of unemployment and underemployment -- can be measurably advanced through the type of outreach made possible under a job guidance center similar to that proposed herein. * Economic Development. Commitment Realization of prescribed Miami community objectives will require extensive and sophisiticated action programs. This will necessitate co- ordinated mobilization of city resources at all levels. This would begin at the individual enterpreneur/corporate response through to direct city catalytic roles. At each level, the objective would be to obtain mutual reinforcement from actions taken and gain the benefi- cial "multiplications" that can result. At the heart of these responses lies a series of generic steps which "transend" any one activity. Complementing those basic strategies are other actions each of which can be pinpointed with regard to specific locations within the city, identified physical facilities, and, of con- siderable importance, on -going skill training to meet employment require- ments generated by the city's substantial existing and growing industrial base. Finally, the foundation of an effective development program rests on basic factual information that highlights current strengths and weaknesses of an area's economy. The city's commitment to on -going analysis of local and regional issues through monitoring of key economic indicators is clearly evident in the form of the present effort. A vital and critical "first step" in the overall process, continued updating of the challenge, III-33 opportunities and responses set out in this report should now form an integral part of The Miami Economic Development Program. III-34 APPENDIX A MIAMI OUTLOOK AND OPPORTUNITIES APPENDIX A MIAMI OUTLOOK AND OPPORTUNITIES The scale and character of potential opportunities for Miami's pro- spective economic development, outlined above in this report and detailed in Volume II of this series, has focused on several discrete industrial 1 sectors. 1 A profile of these "targets" which follows below includes listings of st mi industry -specific assets and liabilities that represent important nput to the recommended Miami strategies and action programs. 1. The Tourist Industry Already a dominant sector, tourism is expected to gain even more appreciably in the period ahead based on a resurgence of domestic travelers and substantial expansion in foreign visitors. Tourist related industries are likely to increase on the order of 3,000 jobs per year in Dade County between 1978 and 1982 according to forecasts by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. While the greatest proportion of these will be found in the hotel and lodging industry, a number of other sectors will also be impacted by these gains as may be seen directly below. Wage/Sa13ry Criployment, Dade rvm•v Category 1978 1982 Average Annual .nange (Actual) (Pro cited) Number Percent Hotels and Other Lodging Places 17,700 24,65A 1,738 9.8% Eating and Drinking Establishments 33,400 35,100 425 1.3% Real Estate 17,400 17,400 -0- -0- Construction 30,500 32,900 600 2.0% Amusement and Recreation 9,100 9,500 100 1.1% Total 108,100 119,550 2.863 2.6% Source: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security A-1 Paralleling gains for 1975-77, the post -recession years, these in- creases are well above those reported in 1978 and reflect increased strength of tourism despite strenous competition from other southeastern cities, most notably Orlando. In our judgment, these forecasts are opti- mistic for hotel services and conservative for the construction sector. In the Miami area, principal competition for these significant eco- nomic development opportunities will come from Miami Beach, where several major hotel renovations and possible redevelopment of the South Beach area have been proposed. Nonetheless, Miami continues to hold several impor- tant advantages with respect to tourist markets. Foremost among these are a number of major assets summarized below. Assets Wm OD Established reputation as the major focal point for Latin tourism. Recent studies and surveys 1/ have shown that as much as 70 percent of all downtown Miami hotel occu- pancy is related to Latin visitation. And, of all Latin tourists shoppers, 83 percent shop downtown. In addition to the city's central area, Coconut Grove is a major tourist attraction, particularly for Latin visitors, and Little Havana is another important tourist place. Ongoing construction of a major convention center and hotel complex adjacent to the downtown. - A major theme park proposed for Watson Island. - Location in the city of the nation's largest cruise port. - Momentum of the Brickell Corridor as a condominium lo- cation for Latin buyers. 1/ Downtown Development Authority surveys of downtown hotels and A Survey of Latin Shoppers in the Miami Area, Prof. Jan B. Luytjes, October, 1976. A-2 Economic development programs undertaken by the city, however, must overcome several liabilities as well. Among the drawbacks to be considered in this respect are: Liabilities Increasing competition from other Dade County locations. In addition to hotel improvements taking place in Miami Beach, suburban retail centers are increasingly competing for the Latin shopper dollar, and Dade County is building a major new zoo complex in the southwest portion of the county. Location of the airport outside city limits. As the large majority of visitors arrive by air, the location of Miami International outside the city, coupled with the existing highway system which provides for rapid circum- ferential movement, tends to divert tourists from the city. Miami Tourist Related Employment Targets. In light of past trends and the anticipated expansion within the tourist related sector of Dade County, the city should be able to achieve incremental job gains on the order of 75 to 150 per annum through 1985. Average Annual Employment Gains: Tourist Related Sectors 1978-82 198Z-85 Projected Dade County Increases 1/ 2,900 (approximate) -- Percent Miami Capture 3.6%, 00 Adjusted Projected Dade County Increases J Percent Miami Capture 2,000 (approximate) -- 4.7x -- Forecast Miami Gains 75-150 85-125 J Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. J Gladstone Associates. A-3 It should be emphasized that this represents a minimum capture, on the order of three to five percent of forecast Dade County employment growth within these industries. Nonetheless, its achievement requires acceler- ated promotion of the new convention center in the pre-1982 period and development of new supportable hotel rooms. 2. Business Related Services Growth in this sector -- which provides basic supports to a broad variety of economic activities -- can be appreciable in light of Miami's expanding role as a financial and commercial center. Official forecasts prepared by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security, however, reflect anticipated nationwide economic de- clines in 1979 and 1980 and the prospective impacts of recessionary trends on these more sensitive industry sectors. As a result, average annual gains for Dade County between 1978 and 1982 are projected at about 600 plus jobs (2.2%), down appreciably from the corresponding levels of 3,000 and 11.7 percent for 1977-78. We believe that these forecasts are conservative since the substan- tial expansion that has already taken place within Miami's financial and commercial functions will require corollary increases in the business services sector. Equally as important, as the major office and governmental center within the region, the city can capture a large share of the growth antici- pated within these sectors. Miami assets and liabilities in that respect -- cited immediately below -- on balance point out several dominant advantages which can be capitalized on. A-4 01114 Assets MOD Existence of a large and growing financial and business community, as evidenced by the city's continuing role as the principal office location in the region. A concentration in the city of many government functions including County Courthouse activities and some federal operations. The clustering of most local and national government operations in the city, and notably in its Central Busi- ness District, fortifies the city as a business location and supports a variety of service activities. Liabilities - - Continuing decentralization and suburbanization of seg- ments of the area's labor force and business community. -- Difficult surface transportation access and overall con- gestion in many parts of the city, particularly the central area. - - High cost and insufficent availability of parking down- town. Miami Business Related Services Employment Targets. Prospective Miami targets with regard to the business service sector are conditioned by the overall changes forecast for this industrial group. Predicated on the conservative nature of state forecasts noted earlier given the needs of a rapidly expanding financial and business center, the city should be well positioned to capture between one-half and two-thirds of the anticipated average annual gain of 600 plus jobs over the next four years. These changes are highlighted directly below. A-5 Average Annual Employment Gains: Business Services 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases J 625 Percent Miami Capture 001 55-65% Adjusted Projected Dade County Increases 2/ 1,000 -- Percent Miami .Capture 20-33% Forecast Miami Gains 350-400 400-450 J Estimates of the State Department of Labor and Employment Security presented here are viewed as conservative given 1977-78 changes and increasing needs of Miami's expanding financial and business center. 1 Potential increases in the business service sector in light of the 1979-80 national economic slowdown; levels forecast here are approximately one-third of those realized during the 1977- 78 period. 3. Health Care Services As noted previously, health care services is a "growth industry" throughout the United States. Dade County, which already serves as a major regional center in that respect, will grow even more rapidly in the period ahead as reflected in forecasts by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security. Returning to levels last registered during the early 1970's, these anticipated increases total almost 3,000 jobs per year.(7.6%) between 1978 and 1982. Based on analysis reflected in this study effort, however, we believe that these estimates may be optimistic, particularly when compared with recent employment trends which indicate a slowdown to more moderate rates of growth -- perhaps on the order of three percent per year, as shown directly below. A-6 s E f Health Care Services Year Employment: Dade County 1978 (actual) 39,000 1982 (forecast) J 50,800 Average Annual Change Number 2,950 Percent 7,2% 1982 (adjusted forecast) 2/ 45,000 Average Annual Change Number 1,500 Percent 3.8% 1/ Forecast from Florida State Department of Labor and Employment Security. 1/ Gladstone Associates forecast reflecting more recent trends in this sector. Specific assets and liabilities that the city presents in relation to this sector are summarized below. Assets - - The existence of a significant renowned hospital center in the city. - - The economics of business decisions in this industry, which frequently provide strong and compelling reasons for centralized services of this type with respect to existing capital investments on the one hand, and link- ages with other institutions (medical libraries, teaching hospitals, etc.) on the other. Liabilities -- Continued suburbanization of the population. -- Competition from other Dade County locations, particu- larly Miami Beach. A-7 Miami Health Care Services Employment Target. In light of the distri- bution of health care services throughout the region and past performance levels, Miami can capture between 27 and 33 percent of the adjusted pro- jected Dade County growth in this industry, provided concerted efforts are made to accommodate the needs of various users on a "targeted" industry - specific basis. More specifically, these efforts would go to accommodating expansion needs of various health care institutions and promoting the linkage between these facilities and related sectors such as medical equipment research and development. The technology and instrument fabrication in this allied sector is discussed in greater detail further below in this section. Were targeted shares for the city achieved in light of Dade County forecast increases, Miami would gain between 400 and 500 jobs per years for 1978-82 in the health care service industry. Average Annual Employment Gains: Health Services 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases/ 2,950 Percent Miami Capture 14-17% Adjusted Projected Dade County Increases 2/ 1,500 Percent Miami Capture 27-33% Forecast Miami Gains 400-500 500-550 Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. 2/ Gladstone Associates A-8 4. International Trade Industries within this sector rely heavily on transportation and corollary industries in the form of air, railroad, trucking, and water- borne transport as well as warehousing services. Administrative functions pertaining to international trade -- pri- marily in banking and finance -- are highlighted further below in these materials. With respect to the categories noted, the State Department of Labor and Employment Security anticipates growth on the order of 600 plus jobs per year from 1978 to 1982 for Dade County. By far the largest proportion of these gains (80%) would take place within the air transportation industry. We judge that the forecasts here are below likely increases given recent industry trends. Illustratively, average annual gains of 2.4 per- cent per year were registered for 1975-78, as compared to the state's 1.5 percent forecast for the next four years. Accordingly, the projections presented below, against which potential Miami. economic development targets would be established, are predicated on greater expansion within this sector. A-9 Selected Transportation Sectors: International Trade t Dade County Employment Total 1Air Year Employment -/ Transportation 1978 (actual) 41,000 26,000 1982 (projected)1/ 44,400 28,000 Average Annual Change Number 625 500 Percent 1.5% 1.9% 1982 (adjusted)3/ 45,000 29,200 Average Annual Change • Number 1,000 800 Percent 2.4% 3.1% J Includes railroads, trucking and warehousing, water, air and transportation services. �/ Forecasts by the Florida State Department of Labor and Employment Security. 3/ Gladstone Associates forecasts based on recent industry trends. Miami's competitive position with respect to the county would reflect the following assets and liabilities: Assets -- Location in close proximity to Latin American markets. - - Excellent regional transportation services. Miami's excellent seaport facilities, combined with its access to interstate highway and rail service system, support the city's locational attributes here. -- Location of the Port of Miami within the city. The strategic location of the Port of Miami vis-a-vis the central city is a principal factor in focusing many of the area's transportation activities to the city. - - Planned port improvements which will further strengthen the city's position to serve as an international trade. hub. - - On -going programs and activities such as the Trade Fair of the Americas. A-10 Liabilities - - Off -center location with respect to major domestic markets. Due to its location at the extreme southeastern tip of the United States, Miami is at a significant disadvantage with regard to serving national and/or regional domestic markets. - - Lack of available land in and near the port. - - Location of the airport outside city limits. In the recognition that the key airport gateway lies outside the city, distinguishing Miami and other jurisdictional employment gains attribut- able to that transportation hub may not be relevant except that specific economic development strategies should be designed to capture potentials generated by that important, region and state -serving facility. Further detail in regard to that prospect is set forth in Part III of this report. Miami International Trade Employment Targets. In overall terms, how- ever, an achievable target for the city is to capture approximately five to ten percent of the adjusted forecast gains in the international trade sectors identified here. These targets, in the context of county growth, are cited immediately below. Average Annual Employment Gains: Selected Transportation Sectors 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases" 625 Percent Miami Capture 10-15% Adjusted Projected Dade County Increases 2/ 1,000 Percent Miami Capture 5-10% Forecast Miami Gains 50-100 50-100 I/ Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. 2/ Gladstone Associates. A-11 5. Banking and Finance Miami's emergence as a major international financial center will continue to support employment gains in the period ahead. Forecasts by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security indicate that 1978-1982 average annual growth within this sector for Dade County will approximate 1.8 percent. In light of past trends and the continued outlook for this industry nationwide, we believe these projections to be conservative. Accordingly, city growth targets in this sector should envision the higher level set forth in the summary tabular materials below. Banking and Finance Year Employment, Dade County-" 1978 (actual) 20,300 1982 (projected)' 21,800 Average Annual Change Number 375 Percent 1.8% 1982 (adjusted projected) 31 22,100 Average Annual Change Number 450 Percent 2.2% 1/ Includes banking, credit agencies, security and commodity brokers and dealers, holding and other investment offices and banking institutions. Z/ Forecasts prepared by the Florida State Department of Labor and Employment Security. 3/ Gladstone Associates projections based on past trends and continued concentration of established banking and financing activities within Miami's central business district. A-12 efah Miami Banking and Finance Employment Targets. The city holds an excellent competitive position in relation to the region and is already established as a focal point for major financial activities A key Miami asset in this regard is the growth and expansion of the Central Business District together with other major commercial nodes along Brickell Avenue. The office space currently under pletion within the next three or four increased tenancies for businesses of within the financial sector. construction and projected for com- years will have a major bearing on all types, especially those found This existing concentration provides the basis for further locational advantages, since many new organizations will seek to be proximate to those already established with whom they will be doing business. Accordingly, we believe that Miami can capture up to one-half of the anticipated regional gains as noted immediately below. Average Annual Employment Gains: Banking and Finance 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases J 375 Percent Miami Capture 45-605 Adjusted Projected Dade County Increases J Percent Miami Capture Miami Forecast 450 40-50% 175-225 200-250 J Predicated on the conservative Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security forecast noted above. J Predicated on the Gladstone Associates forecast presented above. A-13 6. Manufacturing Activities The principal sectors within this industry that have been identified in relation to Miami prospects include: a. Small specialized light manufacturing. b. Aparel manufacturing. c. Leather products d. Food and kindred products. a. Small Specialized Light Manufacturing. Significant sectors re- presenting growth potential for the overall manufacturing job base in Miami include: -- Printing and publishing. — -- Ruber and miscellaneous plastics products. - - Electric and electronic equipment. -- Instruments and related products. - - Furniture and fixtures. Appreciable growth is anticipated in these areas in overall terms, with sharp gains noted for instrument manufacturing, in particular. According to forecasts by the State Department of Labor and Employ- - ment Security, Dade County industries in these classes will go from 29,100 in 1978 to 31,600 in 1982 for an average annual increase of 625 positions or 2.1 percent. These projections appear conservative, however, when viewed against recent county trends. According to data examined as part of Volume II of this report series, these industries as a whole were up 13 percent (2,700 jobs) per annum, 1975-1978. Instruments and related products led these gains followed by rubber and miscellaneous plastics. A-14 Accordingly, we believe the outlook in the period immediately ahead is for these small specialized light manufacturing activities to increase above forecasts established by the State Department of Labor and Employ- ment Security. Additional information in relation to those projections is presented immediately below. Industry Category Printing/ Publishing Rubber/Misc. Plastics Electric/Electronic Equipment Instruments/Related Products Furniture/Fixtures • Total Employment 1978 1979�/ (Actual) (Forecast) 7,700 8,300 7,400 7,600 6,500 6,500 3,400 5,000 4,100 4,200 29,100 Dade County 19822/ (Forecast) 8,300 8,600 6,700 5,000 4,600 31,600 33,200 1/ Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security 2/ Gladstone Associates Miami's position with regard to capturing a substantial portion of these indicated opportunities has been examined against the background of the following assets and liabilities. A-15 Assets - - The existence of a large medical community, with associ- ated demand for specialized manufacturing activities. - - The existence of a large business community, with corol- lary printing needs. - - Excellent location for export, particularly by sea to Latin America, of manufactured goods. - - Access to the city labor force, which has a high blue collar worker representation. - - A large financial community which provides all the capi- tal resources needed by industrial establishments. Liabilities Lack of available sites for large-scale development. Difficult land assembly. - - High land costs in many parts of the city. Outmigration of the highly regarded Cuban labor force. Poor public transportation. -- Congestion and difficult local transportation access. Image as a high crime area. Perceived low level of interest and service on the part of governmental agencies. In overall terms, we believe that the assets and liabilities identi- fied above, on balance, will enable the city to capture approximately one - eighth to one -quarter of projected expansions in these light specialized manufacturing sectos. Based on the Gladstone forecasts rather than the more conservative, in our judgment, state projections, Miami's gains here for the next four years could amount up to 15 percent of corresponding county increases. A-16 Miami growth prospects in these sectors rest on the city's ability to attract businesses in specific sub -categories enjoying expanding markets and to retain existing activities. Total potential city job gains for these industrial segments are judged to total 75 - 150 per year from 1978 to 1982, and 100-150 per year from 1982 to 1985. Average Annual Employment Gains: • Light/Specialized Manufacturing Growth 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases 1 625 Percent Miami Capture 12-25% Adjusted Projected for Dade County 1 1,025 Percent Miami Capture 7-15% Miami Forecast Gains 75-150 100-150 1/ From Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security forecasts. I/ From Gladstone Associates forecasts. b. Apparel. Nationwide, this sector has been consolidated in re- cent years as a result of foreign competition characterized by inexpensive labor. While moderate growth is shown by forecasts prepared by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, recent trends, both locally and for the nation, suggest that even these nominal increases for Dade County may not be realized. A-17 Miami growth prospects in these sectors rest on the city's ability to attract businesses in specific sub -categories enjoying expanding markets and to retain existing activities. Total potential city job gains for these industrial segments are judged to total 75 - 150 per year from 1978 to 1982, and 100-150 per year from 1982 to 1985. Average Annual Employment Gains: • Light/Specialized Manufacturing Growth 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases 1 625 Percent Miami Capture 12-25% Adjusted Projected for Dade County 2/. 1,025 Percent Miami Capture 7-15% Miami Forecast Gains 75-150 100-150 From Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security forecasts. 1 From Gladstone Associates forecasts. b. Apparel. Nationwide, this sector has been consolidated in re- cent years as a result of foreign competition characterized by inexpensive labor. While moderate growth is shown by forecasts prepared by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, recent trends, both locally and for the nation, suggest that even these nominal increases for Dade County may not be realized. A-17 These state forecasts (presented immediately below) would, therefore, appear to be at the high end of a range of potential employment gains for the region. Apparel Manufacture Year Employment, Dade County 1978'(actual) 21,000 1982 (projected)1/ 22,900 Average Annual Change Number 475 Percent 2.3% 1/ Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. Given past patterns, the principal conclusion with respect to the apparel industry is that preserving the existing base is even more critical than seeking to attract new companies. Accordingly, the economic develop- ment strategies presented in Part III are focused in areas where the city can maintain its share of regional employment in the face of overall stability in this sector. Specifically, Miami assets and liabilities with respect to a business retention strategy are these: Assets -- Strong nucleus of operations of this type. -- Strong nucleus of related wholesale and retail activ- ities. -- Support by city government agencies, particularly the Planning Department. -- A still significant labor poor of skilled workers. A-18 Liabilities -- Outmigration of many skilled workers. -- Lack of expansion and parking space. - - Difficult access. - - Limited public transportation service. -- Perception as a high crime location. Once again, we believe a targeted industrial strategy aimed at accom- modating expansion and locational requirements on the part of the apparel manufacturing industry can be successful for the city. Specific com- ponents of such a strategy have been identified in Part II1 of this Volume. c. Leather Products Manufacture. While not representing a major industry from the standpoint of employment, jobs in this sector are ex- pected to rise in Dade' County from 2,600 in 1978 to 2,900 in 1982. Miami's ability to retain its existing levels of activity in this regard can be appreciably enhanced if an added dimension to the local industry is provided in the form of fashion leather goods. Increasingly, the federal government has become interested in this sector and is seeking ways and means to aid the industry. Were the city to capitalize on those programs, several specific advantages in relation to high -quality luggage, handbags, and footwear may provide opportunities for retaining this highly specialized sector given a concentration of trained labor especially skilled with respect to manual dexterity. In light of the specialized conditions associated with the sector, therefore, it represents a significant opportunity combining both the human capital resources available within the city and changing industry requirements. A-19 d. Food and Kindred Products. Directly responsive to population - serving needs, this sector is expected to expand in Dade County over the next four years paralleling increases in area residents. Forecasts for these changes are presented immediately below. FOOD AND KINDRED PRODUCTS EMPLOYMENT, DADE COUNTY 1978(Actual) 1982(Actual) Average Annual Change Number Percent 6,600 7,100 125 19% The substantial concentration of these activities in the city at the present time is especially found in the Wynnwood area. That base can be retained provided appropriate public supports are available in relation to expansion and access needs. In addition, accommodation of activities that may seek to relocate from other city locations would be necessary so as to maintain this sector within the city. 7. Retail Trade Significant gains are forecast for retail trade within Dade County for the next four-year period. Annual employment increases averaging 2,500 (2.2%) projected by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security would bring the 1982 level to 126,500 as compared to 116,400 in 1978. On the basis of analysis undertaken for this economic development study, these forecasts appear to be in line with reasonable expectations within the short-term future. A-20 The predominent share of retail employment increases will likely occur in suburban jurisdictions elsewhere in Dade County. A large portion of these would be convenience trade and service oriented, two sectors that are directly keyed to population distribution. Nevertheless, the central place functions focused within the city -- as described elsewhere in these report materials -- would account for a capture on the order of six to ten percent against forecast increases, in our judgment. Assets and liabilities of the city in relation to these activities are. noted immediately below. Assets -- International reputation as a major shopping area for foreign visitors. -- Bi-lingual retail community. -- Access to a large concentration of workers. -- Major complements of specialty retail activity at Omni and Coconut Grove. -- Historical prominence as a comparison goods center within the region. Liabilities -- Suburbanization of the regional population base. -- Continued competition from new, more convenient suburban shopping areas. -- Difficult access and congestion in many parts of the city, particularly the CBD. -- Expensive and inadequate parking downtown. In view of these factors, prospects for city retailing in the near term rest on specialized marketing oriented to foreign visitors and other n_21 tourists, city workers, and special needs of area residents. In our judgment, potential city job increases in this sector will average 125 to 200 per year during the 1978-1985 interval. Projected Dade County Increases Percent Miami Capture Miami Forecast Gains Average Annual Employment Gains: Retail Trade 1978-82 1982-85 2,525 6-10 125-200 130-200 OD de 8. Wholesale Trade Paralleling in some respects retail activities, growth in wholesaling and warehousing is keyed to population changes throughout the region. An average annual gain on the order of 2.3 percent (1,150 jobs) has been forecast between 1978 and 1982 by the Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. We believe these projections are in line with reasonable expectations for the short term future. Year 1978 (Actual) 1982 (Projected) Average Annual Change. Number Percent Wholesale Trade Employment Dade County 49,100 53,700 1,150 2.3% Only nominal captures of these employment increases are expected for the city given a general comparison of assets and liabilities comparable to those for the retail industry noted above, and these captures will likely be offset by continuing outmigration. A-22 More to the point, however, in differentiating between intra-regional and inter -regional shipments received, the city does play a significant role in the overall distribution network and can continue to do so in the future. Localized around "gateways" including rail, highway, port and airport facilities, strategically placed transportation and trucking terminals, warehousing facilities, and other comparable activities would allow for the city to maintain a reasonable share of regional wholesaling activities in the period ahead. 9. Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities A variety of industries serving the broader regional population base will grow in the period immediately ahead in response to expanding popula- tion levels. In total, local transportation, communications, and public utilities are expected to increase at about 3.7 percent per•annum in Dade County in 1978-82. Local Transporation, Communication and Public Utilities Employment, Dade County 1978 (actual) 1982 (projected) Average Annual Change Number Percent 17,800 20,400 650 3.7% Consistent with Miami's shares of population gains, nominal increases • in employment in these sectors can be expected within the city. A-23 However, it may be possible to increase those capute rates with re- spect to functions in these industries that are not necessarily loca- tionally bound but seek more central and accessible facilities when serv- ing the overall region. Even if the city were to increase its capture rate, however, the level of these activities is not likely to represent major new net incremental gains in the employment sector. Forecasts of Miami's likely share of the projected gains for these industries follow immediately below. Average annual city employment growth in these sectors is estimated at 25 to 50 for 1978-1985 (4-8 percent of projected 1978-1982 annual county growth). Average Annual Employment Gains: Local Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases 650 Percent Miami Capture 4-8 Miami Forecast Gains 25-50 25-50 10. Insurance 0f greater interest with respect to population serving industries are gains forecast for the insurance sector. Projected to expand by 4.8 percent per annum in Dade County between 1978 and 1982, this industry in particular offers important opportunities for the city since major branches seek central, office using locations. While the city cannot expect theoverwhelming majority of such users -- A-24 since agents, brokers and other services are frequently decentralized --it can obtain additional employment growth by effectively promoting its major office resources within the downtown area and at other administrative centers. Forecast activities in this respect follows immediately below. Insurance Employment 1978 (actual) Dade County 1982 (projected) Dade County Average Annual Change,. Dade County Number Percent 10,500 12,500 500 4.8% Percent Miami Capture Miami Target Growth (average annual) 5-10 25-50 11. Miscellaneous Services In addition to those activities noted above, a variety of miscel- laneous services -- once again related to population changes -- will expand within Dade County in the foreseeable future. Miami's advantages with respect to a number of these -- most notably legal activities -- will result in higher than proportionate shares for the city for 1978-82. Expectations as to employment changes in these sectors for both Dade County and the city follow below. A-25 Miscellaneous Services * Employment, Dade County 1978 (actual) 1982 (projected) Average Annual Change Number Percent 60,700 65,400 1,175 1.9% Given Miami's strength in certain of these subsectors, notably legal services, Miami's potentials of 125 to 150 new jobs per year is forecast for 1978-82, rising to 140 to 190 for 1982-85. Average Annual Employment Gains: Miscellaneous Services 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases Percent Miami Capture Miami Forecast Gains 1,175 11-13 125-150 142-187 12. Government Rounding out the key sectors of economic development, public employ- ment for federal, state, and local governments is expected to show signi- ficant increases in the period ahead. A-26 Government Employment, Year Dade County 1978 (actual) 91,800 1982 (projected) 103,100 Average Annual Change Number Percent 2,825 3.1% Consistent with past patterns and the momentum developed with respect to new, pipeline office development, Miami will share appreciably in these gains. City employment gains in this sector will likely amount to approxi- mately 850 jobs per annum for 1978-82, with slightly larger increases anticipated for the 1982-85 period. Detailed estimates in this respect are presented immediately below. Average Annual Employment Gains: Government 1978-82 1982-85 Projected Dade County Increases 2,825 Percent Miami Capture 30 Miami Forecast Gains 850 900 OP MI Overall City Employment Potential. The total level of employment gains for the city during the latter part of 1970 and early 1980 is projected to range between 2,000 and 2,500 jobs, annually. This level of activities is below that dimensioned earlier in this volume as needed to realize sustained economic development growth on the one hand, and reduced unemployment levels on the other. The real test for the city lies in expanding growth potential through a highly targeted economic development strategy geared to both business retention and increased net incremental employment gains. A-27 APPENDIX B INDEX OF AVERAGE WAGE RATES - REPRESENTATIVE FLORIDA STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE JOB OPENINGS 1978 I. White Collar: A. Professional Technical and Managerial Index of Hourly Wages Programmer, Information Systems 1.35 Research Assistant 0.74 Community Organization Worker 0.94 Public Relations Representative 0.84 Accountant 1.27 Civil Drafter 0.92 Maintenance Engineer 1.42 Nurse, General Duty 1.17 Teacher's Aide 0.60 Administrative Assistant 1.01 B. Clerical Legal Secretary Secretary Clerk -Typist Clerk, General Teller Computer Operator Accounting Clerk Sales Agent, Insurance Sales Agent, Business Service Sales Representative, General Merchandise Salesperson, General Merchandise II. Blue Collar: 0.94 0.76 0.74 0.67 0.62 0.93 0.75 0.86 1.13 0.81 0.62 Machinist 0.92 Tool & Die Maker 1.21 Assembler 0.57 Sewing Machine Operator 0.75-0.59 Furniture Assembler 0.68 Offset -Press Operator 0.72 Electrician 1.14 Electronics Mechanic 1.13 Carpenter 0.96 Construction Worker 0.67-0.77 Truck Driver 0.67-0.81 Laborer, Stores 0.60 8-1 I IIIpvvluuuIIIIIIIIi INDEX OF AVERAGE WAGE RATES1/ (Cont'd) REPRESENTATIVE FLORIDA STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE JOB OPENINGS 1978 III. Service Workers Index of Hourly Wages Waiter/Waitress 0.61 Cook 0.62-0.79 Cleaner, Housekeeper 0.55 Houseworker, General 0.57 Hair Stylist 0.60 Bellhop 0.61 Laundry Worker 0.55 Police Officer 1.19 Fire Fighter 1.48 Janitor 0.64 1/ Indexed to $10,000 per annum. Source: Annual Planning Information Report, 1979, Miami SMSA, Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. COMPARATIVE EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS) SELECTED INDUSTRY CATEGORIES DADE COUNTY AND MIAMI 1978 - 1982 Forecasted Average Annual Employment Change Miami Selected Industry Category Manufacturing Apparel Products 475 100 -0- -0- -0- Leather Products 75 75 -0- -0- -0- Food and Kindred Products 125 100 -0- -0- -0- Printing and Publishing 150 150 < 50 < 33 < 33 Rubber and Misc. Plastics 50 300 < 50 < 100 < 17 Electric and Electronic Equipment -0- 50 < 50 --- < 100 Instruments and Related Products 400 400 < 50 < 13 < 13 Furniture and Fixtures 25 125 < 50 < 100 < 100 Subtotal of Manufacturing 1,300 1,300 75-150 5.8-11.5 5.8-11.5 Tourism Hotels and Other Lodging Places 1,738 300 < 50 < 3 < 17 Eating and Drinking 425 425 -0- -0- -0- Real Estate -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- Construction 600 1,200 < 100 < 17 < 8 Amusement and Recreation 100 100 -0- -0- -0- Subtotal of Tourism 2,863 2,025 75-150 2.6-5.2 3.7-7.4 Business Services-2/ 625 1,000 350-400 56.0-64.0 35.0-40.0 Health Services-3/ 2,950 1,500 400-500 13.6-16.9 26.7-33.3 International Trade- 625 1,000 50-100 8.0-16.9, 5.0-10.0 Banking and Finance 375 450 175-225 46.7-60.0 38.9-50.0 Retail Trade- 2,100 2,100 125-200 6.0-9.5 6.0-9.5 Wholesale Trade 1,150 1,150 -0- -0- -0- Local Transportation, Communication and Public Utilities 650 650 25-50 3.8-7.7 3.8-7.7 Insurance 500 500 25-50 5.0-10.0 5.0-10.0 Misc. Services-5/ 1,175 1,175 125-150 10.6-12.8 10.6-12.8 Government 2,825 2,825 850 30.1 30.1 Percent of Total Dade County Dade County Based on Based on State of Gladstone Gladstone State of Gladstone Florida Associates Associates Florida Associates Estimates Estimates Estimates Estimates Estimates 1/ Non-agricultural wage and salary employment. 2/ Includes advertising, building cleaning, computer and data processing, consulting activities, and equipment leasing. 3/ Includes hospitals, clinics, nursing homes and other professional offices. J Includes railroads, trucking and warehousing, water transportation, air transportation, and transportation services. 5/ Covers personal services, automobile repair services, miscellaneous repair services, motion pictures and theaters, museums et. al., legal services, social services, non-profit membership organizations, and other miscellaneous services. 6/ Excludes tourist -related eating and drinking. Source: Gladstone Associates. B-3 THE MIAMI ECONOMY Prepared For: The Project Management Committee Office of Trade and Commerce Development Miami, Florida September 6, 1979 By Gladstone Associates Economic Consultants Miami, Florida PREFACE The Miami Economy, the second of five reports focusing on Miami economic development strategies, is presented in this volume. Companion documents in this series include: Volume I: Executive Summary Volume III: Outlook, Opportunities and Strategies Volume IV: Background Economic Indicators Volume V: Data Catalog The City's economic profile in relation to metropolitan Miami, several major southeastern cities and key industrial sectors at the national level is set forth in this report. Findings here are directly related to extensive analysis presented in Volumes IV and V. In turn, these conclusions form the basis of strategy recommendations discussed in Volume III. Gladstone Associates September, 1979 t • TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Assets and Liabilities: A Preliminary Listing 27 A. Area Strengths 27 B. Area Liabilities 29 _ II1. The Miami Economy 32 A. Demographic Characteristics 32 1. Population Growth 32 2. Components of Population Changes 33 3. Population Composition 33 4. Population Age 34 5. Elderly 34 6. Labor Force 35 7. Unemployment 35 8. Minority Labor Force 35 9. Labor Force by Sex 36 10. Employment Classifications 36 11. Personal Income 37 B. The Economy 37 1 The Metropolitan Economy 37 a. Services 38 h. Trade 39 c. Government 40 d. Manufacturing 41 e. Finance and Banking 43 f. Construction 44 g. Tourism 44 2. The City of Miami 47 a. The People 47 b. Central Business District 48 c. The Seaport and Distribution Functions 50 d. The Airport and Related Functions 52 e. The Convention Center 53 IV. National and Regional Growth Perspectives A. National and State Trends B. Miami Competitive Position in Southeast Florida Specific Industry Sectors Shift -Share Evaluation (1) The Regional Perspective (2) The Industry Mix Effect (3) The Relative Competitive Position Effect (Continued . . 55 55, 56 57 57 57 57 58 .TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction Economic Development Industrial Outmigration; Preserving the Base 2 2 Economic Development Generators 53 Strategy Directions I1. Economic Profile Hi_ghlights and Miami Growth Prospects 77 A. Principal Economic Components 9 1. Tourism 12 2. Retail Trade 1 3. Wholesale Trade 14 3 4. Business and Legal Services 5. Health Services 15 1 6. Apparel Manufacture 6 B. Potential New Growth Sectors 18 1. International Commerce 18 2. Banking 20 3. Rubber/Plastics Manufacture 21 4. Electric and Electronic Equipment Manufacture 22 23 5. Instruments and Related Products 23 6. Leather Products Manufacture 23 7. Household Furniture Manufacture C. Secondary Support Industries 25 1. Tourism 25 2. Health Services 25 3. Apparel 26 4. International Trade 26 5. Miscellaneous Plastics 26 6. Electronic Equipment and Instruments 26 7. Household Furniture 26 Likely City Growth Directions; In Review 26 1. Tourism 26 2. Business Services 26 3. International Trade 26 4. Banking and Finance 26 5. Small Specialized Light Manufacturing Activities 27 Page 1 (Continued .) 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Miami Economic Region vis-a-vis the U.S. Dade County vis-a-vis the Miami Economic Region 59 59 C. Southeastern Cities 60 1. Demographic Characteristics 61 2. Development Patterns 63 • I. INTRODUCTION Before highlighting principal components of Miami's economy, the subject of this Volume, it is useful to place these materials in the broader context of economic development per se and the succeeding strategy portion of this work. The following basic concepts serve as important points of departure. Economic Development: In conventional terms economic development is directed to: -- job generation - - personal income gains -- increased fiscal resources - - leveraging public financial commitments through substantial private sector investment "multiplications" -- attaining beneficial "spin-offs" with regard to residential and broader community development objectives. Frequently economic development efforts emphasize the attraction of new business and industrial activity to gain benefits in each of these areas. While understandable, priorities assigned to "outside enterprises" should not be overstated as the sole element of an economic development program to the exclusion of corollary considerations. For one thing, competition for new enterprises is extremely keen, with the number of communities bidding for these activities far exceed- ing the actual number of new businesses created or industrial relocations taking place. For another, the commercial and industrial sector of our economy is generally consolidating in the form of higher productivity standards, a direct result of greater emphasis placed on operating efficiencies. Growth "industries" suitable for communities, therefore, may not be traditional "industries" at all, but illustratively, may be found within the service component of the economy. Thus, for example, medical services, finance and insurance, retailing, and trade and distribution activities, among others, may be the very sectors to emphasize in promoting economic development. This is particularly important in relation to Miami's economy where, as will be seen shortly in this report, substantial assets are found in the service sector. Therefore, growth and diversification in nurturing and expanding the existing local enterprise base must be considered one of the strategic key- stones to any economic development strategy. Industrial Outmigration; Preserving the Base. Important, in this respect, is the need to address retention and expansion of existing in- dustries which provide the city's current employment and tax base and -- with appropriate attention and cultivation -- can significantly meet future needs as well. Miami presently accommodates a significant component of office, industrial distribution and retail trade activities. According to the Miami Planning Department's Urban Information System, there was 12.9 million square feet of manufacturing space, 3.7 million square of services space, 12.4 million square feet of retail trade space and 3.4 million square feet of wholesale trade space occupied in the city in 1975. However, inade- quate attention to this base, for which various cost-effective programs can -2- II 11111 I11111.IIIIIIIIIIA be formulated, can result in serious economic erosion. Though lacking spe- cific data, there are indications that the city has in recent years lost industries to adjoining jurisdictions and must therefore formulate economic development strategies that look 'inward' as well as 'outward'. Therefore, d strategy of business retention, as described more fully in Volume III of this report, is of key importance. In addition, the need to upgrade the quality of a community's economic base in terms of employee income, tax base per worker, value added, environ- mental impact and public service/revenue ratios is often overlooked in traditional economic or industrial development efforts. Growth by itself does not necessarily have a positive community impact. Hence, attention. must be given to achieving the right kind of growth in qualitative as well as quantitative terms. For all of these reasons, economic and community development are closely intertwined. This linkage is especially significant in formulating approaches to enhance Miami's economy, the subject of Volume III of this report. Economic Development Generators. The essential indivisibility between economic and community development suggests that effective public actions in this area emphasize more than traditional measures associated with standard industrial classifications (e.g. manufacturing, non - manufacturing, etc.). Rather, other important and perhaps vital issues should be addressed at the outset so as to provide the proper balance in meeting overall city economic development goals and objectives. Among some of these would be: the People: who in the last analysis represent the "basic community resource" through their present skills, motivations, and aspirations. Miami's unique cultural diversity coupled with its highly upward mobile population must be acknowledged and given proper due in the formulation of any economic development strategy. -3- 1111111 I IuI IuuIIII•UI I I• the Central Business District (CBD): which serves as the functional "nerve center" for a large metropolitan region and continues to repre- sent a major asset. Apart from accommodating a broad array of enterprises, this area generates important fiscal returns to the City of Miami which, in their turn, are utilized to provide ser- vices and quality of life to Miami's citizens. The CBD is a trade and service center in the best sense of those words, and each new development taking place within this area is a decided and tangible "plus" in economic development terms. the Port: which receives and ships various commodities and which underpinsMiami's economy. This facility also functions as a vital "export" industry by attracting recreational -bound passengers. As the major receiving hub located directly within the city immediately proximate to the central business district, the port is linked directly and synergistically with downtown financial and trade interests. In this sense, the port's position in rela- tion to economic development cannot be overstated. the Airport: which is a major cargo and passenger movement center within both the Miami metropolitan area and the south- eastern U.S. region. The airport's location at the western edge of the city limits lessens somewhat its direct impact on the city's economy. Nonetheless, the airport plays a vital role in the city's tourism sector and is closely related to many of the financial and transportation service functions conducted in the city. the Convention Center: now under construction, which will represent still another economic development generator that will extend deeply into the community in a variety of ways. Immediately linked to hotel activity and other supporting uses, the convention center will also give rise to a flow of "imported dollars" from which many key segments of Miami's population and economy will benefit in the period ahead. Economic development strategies that might be considered for the City of Miami must be oriented to these community development areas as in other more traditional industrial sectors per se, if maximum benefits (jobs, income, fiscal revenues and the like) are to be realized. Before returning to the findings of our analysis of Miami's economy, therefore, it will be useful to briefly make note of approaches and directions that are utilized in succeeding volumes of this report. • -4- Strategy Directions. In Volume III, a number of fundamental strategies to guide Miami's economic development efforts in the period ahead are set forth. These strategies reflect the area's economic strengths, delineated, further below in this document, as well as national and appropriate regional changes anticipated in given "industry" sectors. The parallel "tracking" of local and national factors is essential to formulating strategies that build on expected expansion in given sectors while at the same time sensitizing strategies -- by deliberate policies in the recognition of certain intrinsic local area strengths -- to respond to even those sectors that may be contracting at the national level. For example, specific changes taking place within the national apparel industry are examined very closely in relation to strategies that might be advanced for that significant manufacturing activity within Miami's economy. More specifically, the strategies devised in Volume III are grounded in specific goals and, in turn, give rise to specific corollary program elements. Illustratively, these goals are directed at: -- providing for job growth within the city for the next five years -- a differentiation of those jobs as among low, standard, and higher skilled categories -- personal income gains on a per capita basis for city residents. -- insuring growth in the city's tax base for the next five years. These measures are then related to a series of program elements that include, for example, recommendations as to: -5- • -- occupational categories that might be considered for vocational education and other employment programs -- geographic areas to emphasize for industrial development -- candidate industrial sectors to target on -- thematic areas to stress for various promotional materials that will be prepared for the city -- financial and program assistance from the public sector. By no means exhaustive, this illustrative list is indicative of the kinds of information that are provided in relation to an overall economic development strategy. A review of the materials which follow on Miami's economy may be more usefully considered in light of these strategy directions and economic and community development concepts. -6- • II: ECONOMIC PROFILE HIGHLIGHTS AND MIAMI GROWTH PROSPECTS In the past, external factors have exerted a major influence on the Miami economy. During the 1950's, illustratively, tourism was spurred by the con- struction of hotels and other attractions in the Miami Beach area. A decade later a large influx of Cuban immigrants gave rise to substantial increases in apparel manufacturing in relation to this new labor pool. More recently, increased trade between the U.S. and Latin America coupled with Miami's advantageous location has provided the impetus for increased trade and financial activities in the Miami area. The City of Miami, however, has not always received the primary bene- fits of these changes. Currently, for example, Coral Gables has emerged as a location for regional offices of major multi -national corporations. Correspondingly, the airport and other Dade County locations outside the city have attracted substantial numbers of import and export operations. Nevertheless, the city has become a major international financial center, and all indications point to a strengthening of Miami's role in this respect. Economic Development Initiatives. At this junction, the city desires to play an active role in promoting economic development. An initial and essential first step in this process must be a clarification of the na- ture of specific opportunities available in the period ahead. These opportunities are complex in nature, drawing on traditional and, at times, non-traditional "industries" and linking them to available -7- • resources in the context of overall economic development. Thus, the materials which follow focus not only on specific industrial sectors but also on "locational and facility" resources available to the city in the forth of its central business district, gateways (port and airport and other comparable features. Strategies devised as part of this study focus on both of these economic development elements as well as on a variety of activities that can be undertaken specifically by the city government to realize oppor- tunities in the years ahead. Concerning the nature of opportunities, expressed both in resource and specific "industry" terms, three principal subjects are reported on immediately below: 1. Principal components in the economy. 2. Potential new growth sectors 3. Secondary support industries. Against this context, likely directions of future growth for the city are identified as are present strengths and weaknesses. Finally, it should be noted that the conclusions highlighted here, together with the statistical materials appearing in Volume IV of this report, serve as the basis for formulating various economic development. strategies, as presented in Volume III. -8- A. Principal Economic Components Key industries currently contributing significantly to the area's economy and representing opportunities for appreciable growth include: tourism, trade, business and health services, and manufacturing. 1. Tourism: Comprised of a variety of enterprises encompassing hotel operations, condominium development, recreation (in the form of amusement destinations and eating and drinking establishments together with associated entertainment operations) tourism is an important component in the Miami economy. In 1978, an estimated 108,100 workers, or 17 percent of all employed persons in Dade County, were engaged in tourist -related activities (hotels and other lodging places services, eating and drinking establishments, real estate construction and amusement and recreation services). Every job in each of these sectors is associated with an average payroll effect of $8,700. 1978 Dade 1978 Average Sector County Employment Per Employee Payroll Hotels and Other 17,700 $ 6,000 — Lodging Places Eating & Drinking 33,400 $ 5,300 Establishments Real Estate 17,400 $10,400 Construction 30,500 $12,800 Amusement and 9,100 $ 8,800 Recreation Total/ Weighted Average 108,100 $ 8,650 Moreover, as an important "export" (basic) industry, tourism is estimated to have a multiplier of roughly 3.3 - 3.5.3/ 2/ According to estimates used by the U.S. Travel Service. -9- A highly cyclical industry, tourism is subject to considerable fluctuations due to changes in such factors as international currency exchange rates and the availability and price of fuel. In Dade County, employment in tourist -related sectors dropped appreciably during the mid-1970's recession but has been rising rapidly in more recent years, as indicated below. Tourist -Related Employment- Dade County Percent Change Over Year Number Previous Year 1973 119,900 --- 1974 115,500 - 3.7% 1975 93,800 -18.8% 1976 95,400 1.7% 1977 98,100 2.8% 1978 108,200 10.3% Average Annual Change 1973-1978 -2,300 - 2.0% 1/ Includes employment in: hotels and other lodging places, eating and drinking places, real estate, construction, and amusement and recreation. Data for real estate are estimated, based on State -collected covered employment infor- mation. Recent expansions of Miami area tourism reflect large numbers of inter- national as well as domestic touristsY In the former class, there appears to be appreciable growth potential in meeting the needs of Canadian and Latin American travelers, who already constitute almost 20 percent of Dade County's tourist market, as well as in encouraging new segments from Mexico and Europe, which now comprise an estimated three percent of all tourists. Canadians now represent the second largest tourist market in Dade County, accounting for over 10 percent of all air arrivals and over seven percent of all auto arrivals. V For a more complete discussion and documentation of Miami tourism, see Section II-C of Volume IV, Background Economic Indicators. -10- i III 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 The number of non -Canadian foreign visitors has also been increasing rapidly. Overall, the level of foreign (excluding Canadian) arrivals in- creased 8.7 percent between 1976 and 1977. And arrivals from certain countries -- notably Venezuela, Argentina, Columbia, West Germany, and France -- increased by 20 percent or more.(See page II-C-13 of Volume IV of this report.) This past year (1978) has been the most active year with an estimated 36 percent increase in numbers of foreign visitor arrivals over 1977. Particu- larly large increases were recorded among Asian and European as well as South American visitors, according to U.S. Travel Service data. Origin South America Europe West Indies Central America Asia Oceania Africa 1978 Arrivals Percent Increase Over 1977 440,500 251,100 232,700. 134,800 24,100 5,700 5,600 47.3, 52.5 29.2 24.6 53.2 33.9 26.7 As tourism is a highly competitive industry, recent and proposed renova- tions in Miami Beach hotelries will be important in offsetting some major losses in tourist activity that have taken place in the immediate past and, by so doing, enhancing overall area potentials. Energy, of course, remains a key question mark for this industry, but since 70 percent of all visitors to Miami arrive via air transportation, potential negative impacts here seem to be minimized. While competition from various quarters will be present at anytime, Orlando represents the major alternative for many Florida visitors at this time. Moreover, this competition will be heightened by programmed airport improvements, attraction center expansions and other projects now underway or to be completed shortly. (See page III-C-27 of Volume IV for a discussion of these plans.) -11- 2. Retail Trade: This industry, which provides comparison goods and convenience goods and services opportunities to the local area population as well as to an increasing number of Latin travelers, represents a major employ- ment sector, with 116,400 or 18 percent of all county jobs in 1978, and almost 12 percent of the 1977 county income. As evidenced by recent employment trends, this industry was severely impacted by the recession but has since registered strong gains. Retail 'Trade Employment, Dade County Year Number 1972 107,400 1973 111,900 1974 109,700 1975 106,200 1976 108,600 1977 112,300 1978 116,400 Average Annual Change, 1972-1978 Percent Change Over Previous Year 4.2% -2.0% -3.2% 2.3% 3.4% 3.7% 1,500 1.4% As a local -serving, non -basic economic element, this sector is typically focused at "functional centers", including the downtown area. According to the 1972 Census of Retail Trade, the City of Miami captured almost 30 percent of all retail sales in Dade County, including more than 31 percent of all comparison goods sales. Within the city, the CBD accounted for more than 17 percent of all retail sales and a full 27.5 percent of all comparison good sales, in that year. Retailing has continued to shift to suburban locations, to some extent, since 1972. But the city still provides a major share of these activities, and the downtown area, with at least 2.8 million square feet of retail space, remains a major force in the regional retail community. -12- 1111 11111111111111111111111111.1111 As the population of Dade County expands, city retail activities can continue to play a major role within the region, serving workers and visitors as well as the local resident base. By providing goods and services to foreign shoppers, retailing also serves as a "basic" (export) industry. The CBD, Omni and Coconut Grove in particular likely derive a large -- but not directly quantifiable -- share of their sales from this source. While theses areas compete with Coral Gables, Miami Beach, and Dadeland for these sales dollars, growth prospects for Miami appear strong, based on anticipated increases in the number of Latin visitors. 3. Wholesale Trade: Serving regional distribution functions with respect to the needs of businesses, retailers, and manufacturers, whole- sale operations nationwide are increasingly expanding the range of services provided so as to meet the changing needs of each of these industry sectors. According to industry experts at the U.S. Department of Commerce Industry and Trade Administration, the future promises tosee further develop- ment of regional warehousing in particular, with centrally located, easily accessible locations being favored to the extent that these can be provided. At present, 49,100 workers are employed in Dade County's wholesale. trade industry, up from 38,800-in 1972. Year 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 Average Annual Change, 1972•-1978 -13- Wholesale Trade Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 38,800 43,600 12.4% 46,700 7.1% 44,700 -4.3% 46,000 2.9% 47,800 3.9% 49,100 2.7% 1,700 4.4% This sector accounted for nine percent of Dade County's labor and proprietors income in 1977. Each job in this category results in a direct payroll benefit of $14,000, and total region -wide multiplier effects for this industry are estimated at up to 3.09. According to the 1972 Census of Business, 37 percent of the county's wholesale trade employment was accommodated in city establishments. However, given recent trends within the industry nationwide, as noted above, coupled with the significant levels of warehouse development that have occurred in unincorporated portions of Dade County in recent years, the city's share of total county wholesale trade activity has likely declined since then. Nonetheless, wholesale trade remains an important part of the city's economy. A significant portion of Miami's wholesale operations are located in the area around the Civic Center and east to the Bay along the Biscayne Boulevard corridor. Many of these operations relate to food and furniture industries. And while major additions to wholesaling operations are follow- ing the population decentralization that has taken place in the immediate past, highly specialized needs in conjunction with the port and the existing city population base can and should be nurtured. 4. Business and Legal Services: Encompassing advertising, building cleaning, computer and data processing, legal services, consulting activities, and equipment leasing, among other activities, these functions are closely tied to office centers. In Dade County, business and legal services employment totaled 28,600 in 1978, up appreciably from 20,900 in 1972. Growth in this sector has been particularly strong in the post -recession period. 4110 -14- Year Business and Legal Services Employment Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 1972 20,900 1973 22,200 6.2% 1974 22,800 2.7% 1975 21,300 -6.6% 1976 23,600 10.8% 1977 25,600 8.5% 1978 28,600 11.7% Average Annual Change, 1972-1978 1,300 6.1% Payroll per employee for business and legal services activities averages $9,800 and $20,600, respectively. Miami, as the major office and financial center within the county, is especially well situated in regard to this industry and should find strong growth potentials with respect to new employment opportunities in this area. As of 1972, the city's shares of county business and legal services jobs were 45 and 68 percent, respectively. And, while more recent data are not now available, these shares may be even higher at present. 5. Health Services: Comprising hospitals, clinics, nursing homes and other comparable facilities together with physician and related professional offices, this industry as a whole has demonstrated strong growth prospects. For Dade County, employment in the health services sector increased from 28,000 in 1972 to 39,000 in 1978, an average rate of increase of 6.5 percent per year. Moreover, this industry, which tends to be "recession - proof", recorded employment gains throughout the mid-1970's recession, and is associated with an average per employee payroll of $12,300. -15- Year 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 Average Annual Change, 1972-1978 Health Services Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 28,000 -- 30,100 7.5% 32,900 9.3% 35,200 7.0% 36,700 4.3% 38,000 3.5% 39,000 2.6% 1,800 6.5% While county -wide growth in this sector has slowed in recent years, the health services industry continues to represent a potential growth area for Miami. Miami's Jackson Memorial Hospital, with 1,250 beds, is a major teaching facility and attracts patients from all over the country, This and other city medical centers serve national and regional needs and -- to some extent -- international needs as well. (For a list of all major Miami and Miami area hospitals, see pages II-F-5 through II-F-7 in Volume IV.) Even while health services tend to follow population, in much the same way as retail trade, there remains a strong and compelling reason for cen- tralized services of this type with respect to existing capital investments on the one hand, and linkages with other institutions (medical libraries, teaching hospitals, etc.) on the other. In that sense, certain segments of the health services industry make locational decisions in much the same way as do area office users and may be inclined toward the city. 6. Apparel Manufacture: Seriously impacted by foreign competition, this domestic industry has declined appreciably in recent years. Never- -16- to theless, it remains a significant economic sector, with certain segments -- particularly fashion oriented activities -- demonstrating viable and sustained operations. (For a more complete discussion of recent trends and future outlook for this industry, see pages II-0-26 through II-0-29 in Volume IV of this report.) Dade County employment in this sector totaled 21,000 in 1978, and payroll averaged $7,300 per employee. However, county apparel manufacture employment, which declined appreciably during the recession years of 1974-1975, has barely re -attained pre -recession levels. Year Apparel Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 1972 20,400 -- 1973 22,800 11.8% 1974 20,400 -10.5% 1975 18,500 - 9.3% 1976 19,200 3.8% 1977 20,600 _ 7.3% 1978 21,000 1.9% Average Annual Change, 1972-1978 100 0.5% The City of Miami, and most notably the Garment District, became a major nucleus of apparel manufacture activities following the wave of Cuban immigration in the 1960's. As of 1972, 40 percent of all county employment in this industry was accommodated within the city. Recently, however, apparel manufacturing establishments have been attracted to Hialeah and Miami Springs, following migration on the part of the labor force on the one hand, and more favorable opportunities for newer facilities close to airport transportation on the other. -17- While growth prospects for this industry, cannot be regarded as excep- tional, utilization of skilled labor (particularly minority women) repre- sents an important aspect of the city's present industrial base and one that should be supported through specific economic development and actions in the future. Moreover, regional multipliers for this "basic" industry are estimated at 2.659. B. Potential New Growth Sectors In addition to those industries now prominent in the Miami economy, several other groups have been identified as strong growth prospects in conjunction with changes at the national, regional, or local levels. These industries, which are discussed below, have been selected on the basis of a variety of research and analytical efforts, including a shift - share analysis (see Section III-B of Volume IV),an analysis of competitive Southeastern cities (see Section III-C of Volume IV), and interviews with a number of industry experts at both the national and local levels. 1. International Commerce; particularly with respect to port -related services. As demonstrated by the statistical materials presented in Section II-B of Volume IV of this report, Miami is an increasingly important "gateway" city. Exports from the Miami Customs District increased from $2.0 billion in 1974 to $3.7 billion in 1978 (an average increase of over 20 percent annually), and imports are currently valued at $1.7 billion. For Dade County as a whole, employment in the transportation and utilities sector (local and interurban passenger transit, trucking and warehousing, water transportation, transportation by air, transportation services and communication) -18- • • rose from 56,500 in 1975 to 59,700 in 1978, according to data on covered employment submitted to the State Department of Labor and Employment Security. According to these same data, transportation by air is the largest sub -category in this industry, accounting for roughly 44 percent of the total. Transportation and Public Utilities Employment, Dade County Percent of Total Transportation Percent Change Number Sector Over Previous Year: Transportation and Public Utilities 1975 56,500 100% 1976 56,300 100% -0.4% 1977 57,400 100% 2.0% 1978 59,700 100% 4.0% Transportation by Air 1975 25,700 45.5% 1976 24,900 44.3% -3.1% 1977 25,500 44.5% 2.4% 1978 26,000 43.6% 2.0% Water Transportation 1975 3,600 6.4% 1976 4,200 7.5% 16.7% 1977 3,600 6.4% -14.3% 1978 4,500 7.5% 25.0% Mae Transportation Services de ea 1975 2,800 5.0% -- 1976 3,200 5.7% 14.3% 1977 4,500 7.8% 40.6% 1978 4,200 7.0% -6.7% Port -related transportation activities, covered in the water transporta- tion and transportation services subcategories, are of particular relevance to the City of Miami. While both these subcategories are of relatively small size, they have grown considerably in the past couple of years. Planned port expansions should allow for more dramatic sectoral growth over the long term. -19- • The water transportation and transportation services categories are associated with average per employee payrolls of $7,700 and $11,200, respec- tively. The entire transportation sector, together with the public utilities industry, accounted for almost 15 percent of total Dade County labor and proprietors income in 1977. 2. Banking; extending Miami's rapidly developing role as an inter- national banking community through increased trade -related and other financial relationships with Latin America. Miami is rapidly becoming one of the nation's major international financial centers, with 14 foreign banks, 14 Edge Act banks, and 12 domestic banks with active international departments. Per capita deposits in Dade County, at $4,400 are 18 percent higher than those of Atlanta, long -regarded as the financial hub of the Southeastern United States. Employment in Dade County's banking sector rose from 9,000 in 1975 to 10,200 in 1978, an average annual gain of 4.4 percent, according to data on covered employment maintained by the Florida Department of Laobr and Employ- ment Security. Year 1975 1976 1977 1978 Average Annual Change, 1975-1978 Banking Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 9,000 9,300 10,000 10,200 3.3% 7.5% 2.0% 400 4.4% Deposits in commercial banks and savings and loans have also been increas- ing, rising from $6.4 billion in 1970 to $11.8 billion in 1975 (an increase averaging 17 percent per year) and to $14.9 billion in 1978 (an increase averaging nine percent per year). -20- Year Dunk Dcpo:,i ts, Dade County (In Millions) Commercial Banks S & L's 1970 1975 1978 Average Annual Percent Increase: 1970-1975 1975-1978 $3,932 $5,566 $7,015 $2,471 $6,271 $7,861 8.3% 30.8% 8.7% 8.5% The majority of the county's banking activities are located in the City of Miami. Twenty-six of Dade's 37 banks have offices in Miami, and city banks account for 67 percent of total county deposits. In sum, banking represents a growth sector with excellent future prospects. 3. Rubber/Plastics Manufacture; covering a series of specialized operations in manufacturing keyed to rubber and miscellaneous plastics products (all of them non -automotive related) for consumer and industrial markets. A number of firms in the Miami area are already engaged in product manufac- turing for export to Latin countries and local building, ship building and instru- ments fabrication, and all of these sectors are anticipated to grow in future years. (See pages II-D-73 and II-D-74 in Volume. IV for further information.) According to Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security data, Dade County employment in this category increased from 4,200 in 1975 to 7,400 in 1978, a very significant increase averaging 25.4 percent per year. Year 1975 1976 1977 1978 Average Annual Change 1975-1978 • -21- Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 4,200 5,800 6,700 7,400 38.1% 15.5% 10.4% 1,100 25.4% Employment in thi, category i,, associated with an average $8,400 payroll per employee. Representation of these firms within the city has not been significant heretofore, since the greatest share have been located in Miami Lakes (partic- ularly larger firms) and Hialeah Springs. Nevertheless, the conditions supporting these organizations may be duplicated within the city, and therefore this represents a potential future growth sector. 4. Electric and Electronic Equipment Manufacture. Trends in covered employment indicate overall job gains in this sector county -wide since 1975. Following a substantial decline between 1976 and 1977, this industry rebounded in 1978 to a total employment level well above that of 1975. Year Electric and Electronic Equipment Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 1975 5,300 1976 5,100 -3.8% 1977 3,900 -23.5% 1978 6,500 66.7% Average Annual Change, 1975-1978 400 7.5% As of 1972, 35 percent of all Dade County employment in this category was located in Miami. Although Miami's employment in this area has likely declined since then, certain firms in this sector, most notably those producing small medical diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, are still suited to the city. Spatial and physical plant requirements in this instance are less than those for other comparable fabricating industries, and therefore those firms may find locations near existing medical services and research centers,such as those found within the city, favorable with respect to their needs. -22- 5. Instruments and Related Pl uc;iLL_. Lounty-wide, this manufacturing group registered significant employment gains between 1975 and 1977, in- creasing an average of 91.2 percent per year. In 1978, however, some decline in employment was noted. Year 1975 1976 1977 1978 Instruments and Related Products Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 1,700 2,400 4,800 3,400 41.2% 100.0% -29.2% Average Annual Change, 1975-1978 600 33.3% This industry is a relatively high -paying one, with an average per employee payroll of $10,000. Once again, the components manufactured by this industry related to medical and other scientific devices represent a possible growth opportunity for the city. Not only is this sector tied to the existing medical complex, but it also has a high Latin American export potnetial thereby underscoring locations within the region in general and the City of Miami more specifically. (See pages II-D-66 through II-D-70 in Volume IV for further information con- cerning this industry.) 6. Leather Products Manufacture: As with apparel, this industry -- consisting both of leather manufacturing and related products -- has been declining due to severe foreign competition. (See pages II-D-46 to II-D-49 of Volume IV.) -23- In Dade County, employment in this industry fell from 3,100 in 1975 to 2,600 in 1978. Year Leather and Leather Products Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Number Previous Year 1975 3,100 1976 3,100 0% 1977 2,500 -19.4% 1978 2,600 4.0% Average Annual Change, 1975-1978 200 -5.4% United States hides, however, are superior to many foreign products, and as a result there remain substantial opportunities for high quality fashion leather manufacture. In addition, recognizing the severe impacts that have taken place, substantial aid from the Federal Government has been made available to shore up this industry. Specific potentials for Miami include high quality luggage, handbags and footwear enterprises which can take advantage of the existing and highly regarded labor force found in the region and needed by this industry. 7. Household Furniture Manufacture; particularly rattan, upholstered and other casual and patio furniture. This industry is already well established in Miami, serving local, Latin American and Californian markets. (For further information on this aspect of the household furniture manufacture sector, see pages II-D-36 toll-D-38 in Volume IV of this report.) Dade County employment in the furniture and fixtures group, of which household furniture is the major component, has showed steady increases in recent years. -24- Furniture and Fixtures Manufacture Employment, Dade County Percent Change Over Year Number Previous Year 1975 3,200 1976 3,400 6.3% 1977 3,500 2.9% 1978 4,100 17.1% Average Annual_Change, 1975-1978 .40 300 9.4% Levels of activity in this sector should continue to expand in the future to accommodate increasing demand. Once again, these enterprises profit by the existence of an excellent local labor force, including those trained in upholstering -type functions by their experience in apparel manu- facture. C. Secondary Support Industries Finally, it should be noted that many of the sectors identified above rely on inputs from other industrial sectors. Therefore, growth in these sectors will result in expansions elsewhere in the economy,as for example:3/ 1. Tourism: with respect to associated construction, banking, eating and drinking, retail sales, entertainment, commercial printing, transportation, utilities and business service activities. 2. Health Services: encompassing instruments and equipment manu- facture, furniture manufacture, textile products, and miscellaneous plastic products fabrication, as well as insurance, utilities, real estate and business services. 3/ These related industry sectors are taken from national input/output analyses undertaken by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. See pages IV-A-4 to IV-A-20 in Volume IV. -25- 0 3. Apparel: consisting of miscellaneous plastic products serving as accessories to that industry, plus transportation, utilities, trade, and business services. 4. International Trade: covering transportation and related services, banking and communication, wholesale trade, insurance and business services. 5. Miscellaneous Plastics: including the transportation and trans- portation -service sectors, utilities, wholesale trade and business services. 6. Electronic Equipment and Instruments: correlated with manufac- turing found in the miscellaneous plastics products lines and also trans- portation and business services. 7. Household Furniture: together with plastic products, textile fabrication, chemicals, transportation and business services. Likely City Growth Directions; In Review In sum, the previous discussions suggest a number of areas for likely and promising economic growth for the City of Miami in the period ahead. Encompassed in that respect are: 1. Tourism: With increasing concentration on international tourism complementing an expanding domestic market. 2. Business Services: In support of a variety of office -using industries centralized within the downtown area, as well as other categories. 3. International Trade: Especially operations growing out of the seaport and airport. 4. Banking and Finance: With increased emphasis on international operations. -26- • 5. Small Specialized Light Manufacturing Activities: Including those related to plastics, electronic and similar instruments, household furni- ture and related products. Assets and Liabilities; A Preliminary Listing Prospective economic development strategies that might be operationalized by the city must reflect area strengths and weaknesses in addition to specific growth prospects for existing and possible new industries. In concluding this summary highlights section, therefore, various assets and liabilities that have been identified in the course of our work are summarized in outline form. A. Area Strengths 1. Location in close proximity to Latin American business and tourist markets. Miami's excellent location with respect to Latin markets has been a primary force behind the emergence of the city (and other Dade County locations) as a major financial, trade, and service center. Latin markets also help support certain manufacturing sectors and provide a strong source of tourist demand, particularly in the summer months, to offset cyclical and seasonal domestic markets. 2. Excellent regional transportation services. Miami's excellent seaport and airport facilities, combined with its access to interstate highway and rail service systems, support the city's locational attributes and underscore its superior competi- tive position as a service and tourist center. Miami's port boasts 32 berths, including 10 roll-on/roll-off berths, and a channel depth of 36 feet. Miami International Airport houses 69 carriers compared to Tampa's 15, New Orleans' 14, 0rlando's 11 and Atlanta's 9. Atlanta -- long-considered the southeast regional hub -- serves more passengers than does Miami, but Miami carries 55 percent more freight. 3. Location of the Port of Miami within the city. The strategic location of the Port of Miami vis-a-vis the central city is a principal factor in focusing many of the area's trade, trans- portation, banking, and service activities to the city. -27- An existing and growing business and financial community, including significant capital resources. With nearly 652,000 jobs and a capital resource base of $17.7 billion (see page 44), the Miami area represents a business and financial community of considerable magnitude. Of the major etro- politan areas in Florida and the Southeastern United States, JMiami supports more jobs than any but Atlanta and has the highest level of commercial bank deposits per capita. This existing viable business community provides the momentum and support for future growth and reinforces the aforementioned locational and transportational attributes. 5. A bi-lingual labor force and bi-cultural environment. The large Latin component in the Miami area provides a comfort- able and familiar environment for international trade and tourist activities. Miami offers all the language and social benefits of a Latin American location together with the superior communication network and security features of a United States location. Fi. A large and varied labor force, including a large component of highly regarded minority and female labor. 7. Greater diversity in working conditions through right-to-work legislation. Interviews with industry leaders in a variety of fields and at both the national and local levels revealed the high regard in which the Miami area labor force is held. The existence of this respected labor force, combined with state right-to-work legislation, makes Miami an attractive location for many business operations. 8. Favorable wage rates in relation to other southeastern locations. For example, the average production worker wage in manufacturing was $3.92 per hour in the Miami area versus $4.85 in Tampa -St. Peters- burg and $5.18 in Atlanta, according to the 1976 Annual Survey of Manufacturers. Comparative rates as among these three cities for selected industry groups are given below. 4/ Included here are Orlando, Tampa, Jacksonville, Atlanta and New Orleans. -28- 0 Industry Category Apparel, Other Textile Products Furniture and Fixtures Printing and Publishing Rubber Miscellaneous Plastics Products Leather, Leather Products Electric, Electronic Equipment Instruments, Related Products Average Production Worker Hourly Rate Miami SMSA Tampa SMSA Atlanta SMSA $2.88 $4.42 $7.55 $3.31 $2.76 $4.20 $3.55 $3.21 $5 23 $5.20 $2.95 $4.15 $5.85 $4.08 All Manufacturing $3.92 $4.85 $4.78 55.18 9. An appealing climate and attractive physical environment. Miami's warm weather and its beautiful landscapes have always attracted people. However, while these attributes are typically associated with the area's tourist industry, its importance with respect to attracting business relocations should not be discounted. Our interviews with members of the local business community revealed that these features played an important role in the decision to move here for many. 10. A concentration in the city of many government functions, including County Courthouse activities and some Federal operations. The clustering of most local and national government operations in the city, and notably in its Central Business District, fortifies the city as a business location and supports a variety of legal and other service activities. B. Area Liabilities 1. Apparent poor business image nationwide. Our interviews with a large number of local and national business people, real estate agents, and industry experts revealed that Miami generally suffers from a poor image. To many, Miami is a "sun and fun" city -- a tourist destination, rather than a serious business community. Moreover, Miami is often confused with Miami Beach; the city's identity as a separate entity is not sufficiently strong. 2. Off -center location with respect to major domestic markets. Due to its location at the extreme southeastern tip of the United States, Miami is at a significant disadvantage with regard to serving national and/or regional domestic markets. -29- • 3. Perceived poor educational system. The perceived poor quality of the Dade County public school system tends to discourage businessmen from relocating to the area, according to our interviews with industry and community leaders. 4. Lack of available city sites for large-scale industrial development 5. High land costs. The scarcity of available land in desirable sections of the city, coupled with the use of broad zoning categories (i.e., C-3) which allow the development of uses which support higher land values on property appropriate for warehouse/industrialactivity, results in high land costs in Miami. And prices for prime industrial land in Dade County are higher than those in competitive Southeastern cities. Typical values for serviced industrial property in Maimi, selected Dade County locations and selected competitive cities are given below. These estimates represent a concensus of opinion of a variety of realtors, developers and public officials surveyed in the course of our research. Miami Civic Center area Allapatah South of El Portal Dade County Hialeah Northwest Dade Golden Glades area Airport area Competitive Cities: Prime Suburban Property Tampa Orlando Jacksonville New Orleans Atlanta Typical Price Per Acre For Industrial Land $ 85,000 - $ 90,000 $ 85,000 - $130,000 $120,000 - $130,000 $ 85,000 - $ 90,000 $ 85,000 - $110,000 $ 65,000 - $ 90,000 $125,000 - $150,000 $50,000 $ 30,000 - $ 40,000 $40,000 $ 60,000 - $ 80,000 $50,000 6. Suburbanization of the population and business community. 7. Corollary outmigration of highly regarded Cuban labor force. 8. Difficult surface transportation access and overall congestion, particularly downtown. -30- 9. Poor public transit service. 10. High cost and insufficient availability of parking downtown. The above five factors, taken together, exert pressure on both industry and office -using businesses to locate outside the City of Miami. 11. Perceived Boor level of services and cooperation by government agencies. 12. Image as a high crime location. 13. Fiscal uncertainties (city and county levels). The above concerns were conveyed to us both directly and indirectly (i.e., through community groups) by the Miami business community. 14. Need for improved cooperation among various governmental agencies and between the public and private sectors. 15. Lack of coordinated, targeted and effective business retention and expansion program. These last two problem areas reflect both concerns raised by area business leaders and our own observations from working in the community. A more detailed examination of regional and city economic profiles follows in Section III. Thereafter, the context of this investigation is broadened to take account of national patterns and the outlook in key industries to set the stage for the economic development strategies that are formulated in Volume III of this study. -31- III. THE MIAMI ECONOMY 0 An evaluation of the Miami ecomony must cover the broader "Economic Unit" within which the city functions. Analysis of the city and metropoli- tan area covered below touches on: A. Demographic Characteristics; and B. The Area Economic Profile. Key findings set forth here are subsequently compared to and evaluated against national and regional economic growth patterns and Miami's competi- tive position in light of anticipated changes. (Section IV below). A. Demographic Characteristics As noted in the introduction to this report, the people of Miami represent an important resource directly linked to economic development potentials in the future. In brief, pertinent characteristics with respect to the city and regional population base (detailed in Section I of Volume IV of this report) 1. Population Growth: the Miami Economic Region, consisting of Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties, has increased by an average of over 90,000 persons per year since 1970. Dade County accounted for over 30 percent of this growth. In light of increasing suburbanization and substantial prior development, the City of Miami increased approxi- mately 1,200 per annum for 1970-1978. -32- are these: Average Annual Gain: 1970-1978 Total 1978 Population Miami Economic Region 90,200 2,958,400 Dade County 28,300 1,494,300 City of Miami 1,200 344,400J 1/ The official City of Miami estimate is somewhat higher, at 348,700. 2. Components of Population Change: The rapid increase in regional population during the 1970's was attributable primarily to in -migration. For example, in Dade County nearly 90 percent of the registered increase since 1973 related to newcomers. In contrast, the City of Miami likely experienced a net decline in migration (i.e., out -migration ex- ceeding in -migration) with the resulting population increases noted for 1970-1978 directly attributable to natural increase (i.e., excess births over deaths). 3. Population Composition. Minorities comprise a signifi- cant portion of the region's population base. Approximately one-third of Dade County inhabitants in 1978 were Hispanic. The corresponding level for blacks was 16 percent. In 1975, over three-quarters of the city's population was represented in minority groups, with Hispanics accounting for approximately one-half of the population and blacks another 28 percent. In summary terms, the population profiles. of these respective areas in these years were as follows. -33- Percent of Population: 1975 Ethnic/Racial Background Miami Dade County Hispanic 50.8 33.6 Black/Other 27.4 16.2 White Anglo 21.8 50.2 Total Population 354,300 1,391,800 Percent of Population: 1977 Miami Dade County Hispanic NA 34.1 Black/Other NA 15.7 White Anglo NA 50.2 Total Population -- 1,468,300 4. Population Age: Of interest from the standpoint of econ- omic development policies and strategies, almost 62 percent of the region's population was in prime working age groups (15 to 64) in 1977. In Dade County, two- thirds of the population fell in those age brackets in that same year. Miami Economic Region Dade County Age Group Number Percent Number Percent 15-44 1,121,200 39.0 607,900 41.4 46-64 656,800 22.8 333,300 22.7 5. Elderly. As with the nation, the number of senior citi- zens found within the region and jurisdictional popula- tions have increased in recent years. By 1977 approximately 15.5 percent of Dade County residents were over 65, in contrast to 13.5 percent in 1970. Reflecting in -migration of retired persons, the.corres- ponding percentage for the region was 18 percent in 1977, as compared with 15 percent in 1970. -34- Miami Economic Region Dade County Year Number Percent Number Percent 1970, 343,400 15.4 172,700 13.5 1977 517,300 18.0 226,100 15.4 • 6. Labor Force. All told,the region -- Dade, Broward, Palm 1 Beach -- has a labor force of about 1.3 million as ofME 1978, up from 1.2 million in 1975. Approximately 54 percent (688,000) of the 1978 labor force resided in Dade County. Year Miami Economic Region Dade County 1975 1,204,900 673,200 1978 1,273,600 688,000 Percent Increase 5.7 2.2 7, Unemployment, Reflecting national as well as local trends in light of the mid-1970 recession, substantial unemployment rates of several years ago have been mitigated to a current level of approximately 7 percent in both the region and Dade County. Year Miami Economic Region Dade County 1975 12.7 12.6 1976 10.2 10.0 1977, 9.0 8.9 1978 6.9 7.0 While data reflecting city levels are not available, higher levels of unemployment have been noted. 8. Minority Labor Force. As a direct result of its role as a principal jurisdiction accommodating area minor- ities, Miami's labor force is largely made up of minority persons. Even in Dade County, approximately three and four persons out of every 10 seeking jobs through -35- the State Employment Service are Mispanic and black individuals, respectively. 9. Labor Force by Sex. Participation rates by women and men in the County are generally comparable to those for the nation. Most importantly, to maintain and improve household income -- as noted further below -- many women have been actively engaged in the labor force. Projections by the local labor market analyst of the Florida State Employment Service indicate that in 1980 over 49 per- cent of all county women will be in the labor force. Dade County: Percent Sex in Labor Force - 1980 Male 72.7 Female 49.1 Total 60.4 10. Employment Classifications. As a direct result of continued growth in service sectors -- both for the nation and the region -- about one-half of the metropolitan employment in 1978 was in "white collar" categories of professionals, managerial, sales and clerical positions; one-third in'"blue collar" classes of operatives, etc ;and the remainder in service and farm categories. Dade County: Percent Occupational Category of Total Employment, 1978 White Collar/ 49.7 Blue Collar 34.1 Service 15.2 Farm 1.0 1/ Professional and technical, managerial and administrative, sales and clerical. 2/ Craft and kindred, operatives, and non -farm laborers. -36- Owing to the greater minority. and lower skill representation found in the city's labor force, the proportionate classifications are different than those for the region. As of 1970, 41 and 39 percent, respectively, of the city's labor force were found in the white and blue collar categories, compared to 51 and 32 percent for Dade County. 1 11. Personal Income. In 1977, per capita personal income was estimated at approximatley $7,755 for County residents with a corresponding level for the region set at $7,801. In contrast, the per capita personal income for the United States as a whole in 1977 was set at approximately $7,050. Miami Economic Dade U.S. Region County 1977 Per Capita Income $7,050 $7,800 $7,755 These salient demographic characteristics for the region and the city are directly related to Miami's economic profile as may be seen in the concluding portion of this section which follows. B. The Econoa By their very nature economic regions encompass areas extending beyond prescribed jurisdictional lines. Accordingly, the analysis which follows focuses on both the metropolitan area, consisting of Dade County, and the City of Miami itself, and differen- tiates between the two, data permitting. 1. The Metropolitan Economy. By all measures, Dade County's economy is dominated by the service and trade sectors. In 1978, these sectors accounted for 49.6 percent of the region's jobs, up from 48.8 percent in 1972. -37- This finding underscores the concept of community development touched on in the introduction to this report and further highlights the significance of non -manufacturing activities to the future economic vitality and growth of the Miami area. a. Services: Representing approximately.24 percent of all employment, the arrayof services found within the metropolitan Miami is a reflection both of regional hub activities ("basic") accommodatinc the needs of southeastern Florida, as well as local -serving functions ("non -basic") meeting the needs of a variety of activities and enterprises located directly within the region. Health services account for a major component of this sector followed by ancillary business services and the lodging industry. (For further de- tails on employment trends in the services sector, see page I-B-10 of Volume IV of this report.) Services Category Health. Services Business Services Hotels and Other Lodging Personal Services Motion Pictures, Recreation Percent of Total Services Dade County 1972-1978 21.7 16.2 16.6 7.5 7.1 25.1 18.4 11.4 5.7 6.7 Total Services Total Employment 128,900 563,800 155,100 646,900 Average Annual Change: Of key import from the standpoint of economic development strategies, the service sector supported an average annual increase of approximately 4,400 jobs within the region since 1972. Since this period covers the mid-1970 recession years when actual declines were registered, growth within this sector has even been sharper. Since 1975, for example, average annual gains were over 5,800 led by expan- sions in the business and health services community. -38- Services Category Average Annual Growth Dade County 1972-1978 1975-1978 Health Services 1,800 1,300 Business Services 1,300 2,400 Hotels and Other Lodging (600) (200) Personal Services (100) 100 Motion Pictures, Recreation 200 500 Total Services Total Employment 4,400 5,800 13,850 22,400 In establishing prescribed targets for job generation in the period immediately ahead, the economic development strategy that will be forthcoming here will take full account of this important segment of Miami's economy both with respect to the number of positions that may be made avaialble as well as the composition of those jobs especially in relation to low as well as higher skill levels. b. Trade: Within the trade sector, retailing is by far the dominant activity, accounting for roughly 7 of every 10 jobs. However, wholesale functions are becoming increasingly important. Trade Category Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Percent of Total Trade Dade County 1972 1978 73.5 70.3 26.5 29.7 Total Trade Total Employment 146,200 563,800 165,500 646,900 Average Annual Change: Private sector gains registered in the trade industry were second only to services. Despite substantial declines in 1975, this groupwas up approximately 3,200 per year for 1972-1978; even sharper increases of 4,900 were noted on an average annual basis since 1975. A full 70 percent of the recent gains were in the wholesale trade subsector. -39- Trade Category Retail Trade Wholesale Trade Percent of Total Trade Dade County 1972-1978 1975-1978 1,500 3,400 1,700 1,500 Total Trade 3,200 Total Employment 13,850 4,900 22,400 Region -serving retail trade activities in Miami are concentrated in the Central Business District and at Omni. Concentrations of wholesale trade operations are found along the Biscayne Boulevard corridor and in the Civic Center area. c. Government: Complementing the changes in the service sector are those for government. Going from slightly more than 11 percent of metropolitan jobs in 1972 to over 14 percent in 1978, average annual increases here have accounted for almost 4,600 jobs, with the predominant portion of those (77 percent) at the local level. Traditionally less affected by cyclical economic developments, this sector was the only one which did not register declines during the 1974-1975 recession years. Average Annual Growth Government Category Dade County, 1972-1978 Federal 300 State 750 Local 3,500 Total Government 4,600 Total Employment 13,850 -40- Moreover, government is an important generator of non -local funds. For example, a full 24 percent of all City of Miami revenues for FY 1978-1979 are expected to come from Federal and State sources. (See page IV-C-2 in Volume IV.) d. Manufacturing: Manufacturing is an important export ("basic") industry, bringing in money from outside the region and providing spin-off benefits locally. As a group, Dade County manufacturing industries gained nominally during the 1970's. Selected sectors, however, advanced significantly during that time, as may be seen in the summary table following. Manufacturing Category Average Annual Growth Dade County 1972-1978 1975-1978 Apparel 100 800 Non -electrical Machinery 600 700 Fabricated Metal 500 500 Printing and Publishing 50 300 Furniture and Fixtures 30 200 Total Manufacturing Total Employment 1,400 4,500 13,850 22,400 Note: Nominal declines were registered in a select number of manufacturing sectors. -41- Of importance from the standpoint of formulatinn an economic development strategy for the City of Miami, emphasis in these sectors -- consistent with national outlook and locational decision criteria -- represents an important point of departure for specific city programs. 0f particular interest here is that an estimated 93 percent of all new businesses in the Miami region come from within the region, and of the re- locations from outside the region 28 percent come from within the State of Florida. Source New Firms—, Miami Economic Region, 1970 through 1977 Number Percent New Businesses From Within the Region 716 92.6% Relocations From Outside the Region: From Florida 16 2.1% From New York 16 2.1% From Elsewhere 25 3.2% Subtotal 57 7.4% Total New Firms 773 100.0% More information -- including major firms, geographical areas of concentration, recent trends and future outlook -- on each of the key manufacturing sectors is provided in Section II-f of Volume IV of this report. 1/ Based on Coldwell Banker survey of industrial space — users with 10,000 s.f. or more; survey may not be fully comprehensive. -42- Apparel: While subject to major competition from abroad and characterized by generally lower skill levels at the present time, apparel represents a key industry to the City of Miami and it labor force. Even in the face of substantial compe- tition, employment in this sector since the mid-1970 recession has gained by over 800 jobs per year, comprising approximately one -fifth of total manufacturing job increases. In formulating a balanced economic development strategy, therefore, ways and means for accommodating this industry -- taking account of its utilization of both lower and higher skilled levels -- should be addressed. Moreover, given the geographic distribution of recent years, with increasing movement toward the northwestern suburbs, devising specific strategies to "intercept" and better accommodate this important sector will also be necessary. e. Finance and Banking. While somewhat prone to cyclical changes, this industry -- which includes a significant sector devoted to international activities -- represents a sizeable portion of Miami's economic base. In 1972, finance and banking (together with real estate and related functions) accounted for 41,000 jobs, increasing to 46,500 in 1978, following a mid-1970 recession -related dip. The finance sector alone accounted for an estimated 18,700 jobs in 1978, up from 16,200 in 1975. More to the point, the "critical mass" represented by this industry has served as a key ingredient in support of central business district expansion within the city itself. As will be noted further below, that activity -- in its own terms -- reflects an important component of city -based economic development. Bank deposits represent one measure of increased domestic as well as international trade activity within the financial community, and bank deposits in Dade County totaled $17.7 billion in December 1978. In comparison, the larger metropolitan Atlanta area, long regarded as the southern banking center, had $7 billion of commercial deposits as against Dade's $6.6 billion in June 1978. -43- Bank Depostis, December 1978 (Billion) City of Miami Dade County Savings Inst th tiryns Savings Deposits NA $10.7 Commercial Banks Time Deposits $2.6 $ 3.8 Demand Deposits $2.1 $ 3.2 Total Deposits $4.7 $ 7.0 Total NA $17.7 f. Construction: The most volatile industry from the standpoint of cyclical changes, construction was off appreciably (by almost 40 per- cent) in the mid-1970's, bottoming out at about 24,400 jobs in 1976 and rebounding somewhat to approximately 30,500 in 1978. Declines here were partially offset.by recent building activity in the downtown area and the overall economic recovery evidenced within the nation as well as metropolitan Miami in recent years. Uncertainties in the local and general economy, however, make it unlikely that recovery to the 1973 high of over 45,000 jobs will occur in the period immediately ahead. Construction Jobs, Year Dade County 1973 45,700 1976 24,400 1978 30,500 g. Tourism: Building on the natural resource and amenity of Miami's weather, business and recreational travel to the area under the general category of tourism is substantial. -44- Moreover, from the standpoint of economic development, these travelers support many allied sectors, including lodging, eating and drinking establishments,and entertainment facilities. A major development in this respect is the previously discussed Convention Center, together with its functional ties to the city's hotel industry. By considerably advancing Miami's competitive position, this facility will further strengthen travel directly to the city in place of other locations within the metropolitan area (e.g., Miami Beach). Several indices of the level of tourist activities in the Miami area may be found in total rooms available, hotel receipts, and occupancy trends. Presently, the city accounts for about 10 percent of total area hotel in- ventory. The recently built Omni Hotel accounts for 550 of the city's rooms. The region as a whole has an inventory of. nearly 66,600 hotel rooms, down from 68,600 in 1977. Hotel receipts in the County totaled roughly $544 million in 1978, and occupancies for 1977 averaged 62 percent in Miami Beach and 65 percent in other Dade County locations. Significantly, the positions within the hotel industry and its related sectors (food and beverage, most notably) provide important opportunities for lower skilled individuals, many of whom are city residents. For example, the food and beverage sector employs approximately 33,400 persons in the County at present, and the hotel industry employs about 17,700. The tourist sector can be expected to be fortified in the period ahead. This expansion will provide opportunities for balancing the economic development strategies toward unskilled (primarily minority) individuals thereby appreciably reducing higher levels of unemployment frequently characterizing those groups. -45- Hotel/Motel Rooms 1968 1978 1979 Hotel/Motel Sales Dade County 65,650 68,100 66,600 1971 $565 million 1974 $373 million 1977 $403 million 1978 $544 million Hotel/Motel Employment 1975 1976 1977 1978 Eating/Drinking Employment * 1975 1976 1977 1978 18,200 18,800 17,700 17,700 27,600 29,700 31,500 33,400 As indicated by these brief highlights, the Miami area's diversifed economy is dominated by the service sector and in certain instances -- e.g., construction, tourism, etc. -- is subject to significant weaknesses prompted by downward national cyclical trends. Even in the face of such declines, however, the appreciable resource base existing in the area provides several important assets upon which a city economic development strategy may build. The relative position of Miami with respect to the metropolitan area, in that respect, is reflected in the analysis which follows. -46- 2. The City of Miami. No other single jurisdiction comes close to the city's predominance in providing an overriding share of the job oppor- tunities found within metropolitan Miami. While recent data in this respect are not available, the city provided almost three out of every 10 jobs in 1975 -- the peak of the recession -- down from about one-third in 1970. With the continued development and expansion of suburban areas, it seems likely that the City's relative share of the regional job base will continue to decline. But, in absolute terms, the number of jobs in the city should . gain appreciably. Future jobs gains in Miami will continue to be tied to the major "locational and facility" resources available in the City, including the People, the Central Business District, the Seaport, the Airport and the Convention Center. Therefore, this section of the report focuses on a discussion of these resources. a. The People. Many of the important socioeconomic characteristics of Miami's population have been summarized earlier in this report. However, two additional points, particularly relevant in economic development terms, should be emphasized. First, Miami's unique bi-lingual and bi-cultural population base has been key to the area's emergence first as•a significant focal point for labor- intensive industry and then as a major international trade and financial center. The city's continued ability to provide a high -quality labor pool for selected light manufacturing activities and a bi-lingual, bi-cultural labor pool to serve international operations is vital to its future economic growth. In -47- .14 this respect, the assimilation of the second generation of Cuban immigrants must be considered, along with potential new opportunities afforded by Haitian, Vietnamese and other immigrant groups. And second movement of the people out of the city and into outlying locations has important implications for the city's ability to retain existing businesses and attract new ones. In this respect, this resource is directly linked to the provision of in -town housing opportunities for a variety of population groups. City plans for a New Town In -Town just north of the CBD can represent a major commitment in this area. b. Central Business District. As noted previously, the City of Miami has accommodated a major share of metropolitan service activities, and many of these are located within the Central Buisness District.• Even with the continued growth of many suburban jurisdictions, over one- half of all general occupany office space in the region is located within the city, primarily in the downtown and proximate Brickell Avenue area. In broad terms, the distribution of general occupancy private office space within the region and city is estimated as follows: Area Percent of Total City of Miami Downtown 29.1 Brickell Ave. 11.7 Other 12.8 Total City 53.6 Suburban Locations Coral Gables 16.3 Palmetto 10.8 Other. 19.3 Total Suburban Grand Total -48- 46.4 100.0% (11,536,350 s.f.) Of particular significance with respect to jobs, construction, and overall economic development activity, plans for future office development are likely to strengthen the downtown-Brickell Avenue location. Major projects, such as Ball Point, the Southeast Bank Building and the Government Center,combined with a variety of Brickell buildings, represent as much as six million square feet of office space, nearly doubling the 1972-1978 level of activity. This continuing "centrality" will reinforce and expand Miami's role as an administrative center providing job opportunities in selective service centers relating to finance, banking, business and services and government activities. Retail Trade Activities: Paralleling the "Center Place Functions" role played by the CBD with reference to office development is the downtown's role as reflected in retailing activity. Despite population out -migration and the continued development of suburban jurisdictions, carrying with it further retail decentralization, the city captured close to 30 percent of total retail sales in the metropolitan area in 1972, with 17 percent of those occurring directly within the Central Business District. Even more significant has been the strong competitive position reflected in shoppers goods (general merchandise, apparel and furniture) categories, where 31 percent of all sales were accounted for by city establishments and the CBD captured fully 27.5 percent of all city sales. In proportionate terms, the level of activity captured by city outlets continues to decline relative to other suburban metropolitan jurisdictions. -49- Nevertheless, appreciable gains in absolute dollar sales demonstrate the primacy of city retail activities. Illustratively, one retail trade position was supported, onthe aver- age, by $63,500 in retail sales in 1972. Applying this index to estimated sales levels in 1978 (based on overall metropolitan growth and a conservative "share" of 25 percent of regional sales levels) approximately 20,300 jobs would be found in that sector alone within the city. Retail trade will continue to be a major economic sector for the city on the strength of the resident population, coupled with many tourists, including particularly Latin shoppers, who favor the CBD and the major center that has been developed at Omni. Accordingly, appreciable emphasis should be given to retail trade -- both for its significance in overall terms as well as the character of jobs found in that sector -- in the economic development strategies to follow. c. The Seaport and Distribution Functions. Directly adjacent to the Central Business District, this major facility supports a large number of jobs in Miami, including those in transportation, transportation ser- vices, finance, insurance and manufacturing related industries. At present, an estimated half billion dollars is generated in the county economy from the facility. The volume of tonnage handled by this port has grown from one-half million tons in 1969 to 1.9 million tons in 1978. Loadings (in the form of containers and general cargo) continue to rise with bulk shipments accounting for a larger share of all movements. -50- Equally as significant, passenger loadings increased from 200,000 in 1969 to one million in 1978. Proposed.$220 million improvements will expand nearly all port facili- ties by the year 2000. Included in the long-range plan are the following: - Five to eight new passenger berths. - Seven to ten new break bulk berths. - Nine to twelve new trailer, ro/ro berths. - Five to seven new container, lift-on/lift-off berths. These improvements are expected to support the following levels of port activity by the end of the century. - 3.9 million cruise ship passengers (up nearly 300% from current levels); and - 15.6 million tons of cargo (up 720% over current levels). Twelve percent per year growth is expected in container lift- on/lift-off cargo, 9.5 percent in trailer roll-on/roll-off cargo; and 7.5 percent in break bulk. Based on a multiplier of 2.5, the port is expected to generate $3.8 billion per year in Dade County by the year 2000. Port related activities -- either located directly within that facility or complementary activities -- account for a significant number of jobs within the city. (See page II-B-14 of Volume IV,) Including shipping, trucking, and distribution classes, these jobs extend beyond the port itself and reflect, by and large, the larger dis- tribution role played by the city for both the metropolitan. area and, more broadly, southeastern Florida. While definitive data are not available, these distribution functions (geared to trucking, rail, shipping and air modes) represent a decided asset in the city's economy even while the substantial portion of the last named activity lies outside of Miami's jurisdictional limits. -51- Steps have already been taken to capitalize on these assets, in part, through the aforementioned major improvement program for the port. Never- theless, an analysis of past trends suggests that the city is losing ground in other distribution functions where warehousing and transportation are key components. Industrial Warehouse Development: Unlike office development, in which the city has excelled, the present inventory of in- dustrial floor space accounts for less than 10 percent of the metropolitan total. We have reason to believe that a large portion of this is antiquated and therefore competitively dis- advantaged with respect to comparable suburban floor space. Wholesale trade, a reflection of the distribution function highlighted here, accounts for approximatelyone-half of the city's total industrial space. While not labor intensive per se, these uses complement others found in the distribution sector and, equally as important, manufacturing and retail trade activities, all of which do account for an appreciable com- ponent of employment. d. The Airport and Related Functions. Although Miami International Airport is located at the fringe of the city, it nonetheless exerts a powerful impact on city business activities. Major operating statistics illustrate the tremendous growth experi- enced at this facility in recent years: - Total passengers increased from 10.7 million in 1970 to 16.5 million in 1978; - International passengers increased from 3.4 million to 5.9 million during that same period; -52- - Freight and express traffic increased from 514 million pounds in 1970 to one billion in 1978; and •International cargo rose from 311 million tons to 751 million tons over the 1970-1978 interval. An estimated 35,000 jobs are directly related to the airport. An addi- tional 35,000 jobs are created indirectly. The total economic impact of the facility is estimated at $3 billion annually. A $55-million expansion of the airport, including a new customs and immigration area which will effectively triple the amount of space avail- able for processing international arrivals, is already underway, and other improvements are planned. The Miami Free Zone, now just getting underway at a Dade County loca- tion about 4 miles west of the airport, combined with the $25 million World Trade Center planned for downtown, will further strengthen trade activities at both the airport and the seaport. While many of the import/export activities associated with the airport are being attracted to locations outside the City of Miami, a significant level of these functions are locating within city limits. In addition, support banking, insurance and related activities are frequently located in the city, particularly in the downtown-Brickell area. Increased air- port operations in the future will strengthen the city's role in this respect. e. The Convention Center. At present, the Miami metropolitan area attracts roughly 200 conventions and 100,000 delegates each year, and most of these are accommodated in Miami Beach or other areas outside the city. However, the $60 million conference/convention/hotel complex now under construction in downtown Miami will significantly enhance both the regional and, more importantly, city capture of the national convention market. -53- Both the Convention Center itself and the associated hotel improve- ments will provide impetus to the growing Miami tourist industry. These facility resources will continue to help support a wide range of traditional and non-traditional "industries" in Miami in the future. Before addressing the broad array of economic development strategies that might be initiated to meet Miami growth objectives in the period ahead, the outlook at the national and regional level has been explored as set forth immediately below in Section IV which follows. -54- IV. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL GROWTH PERSPECTIVES The overall economic environment influencing the United States, of course, affects regions and local jurisdictions throughout the nation. More important, however, are the anticipated fortunes of industrial sectors presently located within Miami and others that might represent important growth industries which are currently underrepresented. In order to effectively set the stage for the formulation of city economic development strategies, therefore, extensive research, including discussions held in collaboration with the United States Department of Commerce (Industry and Trade Administration) has been conducted to determine the outlook for selected industrial sectors which have an appreciable bearing on Miami's economy. In addition, an examination of "competitive metropolitan areas" located elsewhere within the South and Southeast has been undertaken, primarily through analyses of statistical data and a broad array of interviews. Principal findings growing out of these investigations are set forth immediately below in this section. A. National and State Trends Uncertainties that have characterized the national economy during the 1970's were reflected in the modest increase in jobs between 1972 and 1977. Setting aside the 1974-75 recession when actual declines were recorded, total United States employment increased by an average of two percent per annum over the past five years and accelerated during the expansionary post - recession period to three percent per annum. -55- Reflecting more extreme trends, employment for both Florida and Miami tended to expand more rapidly during improved national economic conditions and decline more sharply during downturns. On the whole, however, Florida employment grew by almost one -and - one -half times the rate for the nation for 1972-1977. The Miami economic region generally paralleled the up and down trends for the United States but was subject to more extreme fluctuations, with higher growth in periods of expansion and larger declines during times of economic contraction. (For more detail on the above -described employment trends, see Section III -A of Volume IV.) Of key significance here, employment at the national and regional levels for the 1972-1977 period showed significant growth in a number of sectors including: -- trade -- finance, insurance and real estate -- a variety of service categories. Those sectors, appropriately differentiated in the data set forth in the supplement to this report,provide important insights to pro- spective economic development strategies for Miami. B. Miami's Competitive Position in Southeast Florida Overall, the growth pattern for Dade County remains mixed in the context of national and regional economic parameters. In comparison to a growth of approximately 10 percent for both the nation and the Miami economic region, Dade County employment was up less than seven percent from 1972 to 1977. But, more recently (1976-1977), -56- County employment continued to increase at about four percent, comparing favorably to the nation's slower (approximate three percent) rate but below that for the region (set at 5.5 percent). Specific Industry Sectors. Principal sectors accounting for county employment growth included: -- transportation and public utilities; and -- wholesale trade. The county also out performed the nation in: -- construction jobs gained --•manufacturing; and -- governmental employment. With respect to the Economic Region of which it is a part, Dade County has been losing its market share of many economic categories to Broward. A shift -share employment analysis of the United States, the Miami Economic Region and Dade County corroborates this conclusion. Shift -Share Evaluation. The purpose of this technique is to analyze the underlying causes of economic trends. For instance, by disaggregating employment growth into its component parts, a shift -share analysis allows for the evaluation of local area employment changes in the context of regional economic trends. The results of the analysis provide the following indices of local area employment change: (1) The Regional Perspective -- the amount of local change attributable to growth in total regional employment; (2) The Industry Mix Effect -- the amount of local change attributable to growth in that specific industry sector in the region; and -57- (3) The Relative Competitive Position Effect -- the amount of local change attributable to the local area's capture of regional growth in the specific industry sector, as measured by the difference in growth rates in the indus- try sector between the local area and the region. Once the component parts of employment change have been identified, a better forecast of potential future growth, within the context of national and regional prospects, can be made. For this study, a shift -share analysis covering two separate levels of evaluation wa$ undertaken. At the first level, the Miami Economic Region was compared to the United States as a whole. In this case, the Miami Economic Region constituted "the local area" and the nation was "the region". At the second level, Dade County was compared to the Miami Economic Region. Here, Dade County represented "the local area" while the Miami Economic Region was "the region". This shift -share analysis covered the timeframe 1973-1976. The year 1973 was selected because it was the last year before the major impact of the recession, and 1976 was chosen because it was the last year for which detailed, consistent employment data for all three geographical areas under evaluation were available. The data used in the analysis were taken'from:bounty:Business Patterns, an annual publication of the United States Department of Commerce covering private sector employment covered under state unemployment compensa- tion programs. -58- Major findings of this shift -share analysis are highlighted below: Miami Economic Region vis-a-vis the United States. -- the Miami Economic Region lost market share to other United States locations in every major industrial cate- gory with the exception of manufacturing. -- within manufacturing, the Miami Economic Region actually improved its market position in several categories, including: - transportation equipment - electric and electronic equipment - apparel and other textile products - instruments and related products - textile mill products; and - food and kindred products. -- In non -manufacturing, the Miami Economic Region improved its competitive position nationally in the following sub -categories: - transportation services (transportation sector); - banking, and credit agencies other than banks (finance, insurance and real estate sector); and - selected services, encompassing health, legal and educational services and membership organizations. Dade County vis-a-vis the Miami Economic Region -- Dade County's competitive position within the region declined for all major industries. -- Dade's competitive position in the region, however, improved in three manufacturing categories consisting of: - textile mill products - rubber and miscellaneous plastics products; and - furniture and fixtures. -59- Dade County's competitive position with respect to other jurisdictions in the economic region also improved in certain non- mafl ufacturing subsectors: - water transportation related activities (transportation sector - furniture and,home furnishing stores (retail trade sector); - holding and other investment offices (finance, insurance and real estate sector); and - educational and miscellaneous services (services sector). As a result of changes noted for Dade County and activities elsewhere within the Economic Region vis-a-vis the nation at large, a number of selected industries can provide useful candidate targets for city economic development strategies. These categories, as mentioned pre- viously, are examined with respect to the contributions they can make to the city's economy and ways in which Miami can im- prove its competitive position to capture a greater share of such enterprises in Volume II of this report. C. Southeastern Cities In serving as a major regional hub, the Miami metropolitan area is in many ways competitive with several other Florida and non -Florida regions. Representing as they do alternative choices to industries seeking new locations, cities in this group include: Jacksonville, Florida -- Tampa -St. Petersburg, Florida -- Orlando, Florida -- Atlanta, Georgia -- New Orleans, Louisiana -60- On the strength of a comparative analysis of demographic and eco- nomic characteristics for these areas, together with associated develop- ment patterns, Miami's competitive position may be assessed. This analysis, which is detailed in Section. III-B of Volume IV of this report, is high- lighted below: 1. Demographic and Employment Characteristics. Major findings with respect to analysis of demographic and employment data for Miami and the five competitive cities are as follows: Metropolitan Miami is second only to the 15-county Atlanta region in total population. In contrast, it is approximately equivalent to the Tampa -St. Petersburg area and has a greater population base than any of the other three regions noted. (pages III-C-8 to III-C-10) With the exception of Tampa -St. Petersburg, the Miami area accommodates the largest proportion of older (over age 65) persons. (pages III-C-8 to III-C-10) Though generally considered outside "traditional economic development" concerns, many of these elderly persons are relocated, retired individuals who bring consi- derable assets with them to their new homes.' Bank deposits, investment in area housing, and market supports for various. service industries and professions are among the "economic'pluses" associated with transfers taking place through such retirees. Per capita income for metropolitan Miami exceeds that of any of the other comparable area under examination. In that respect, per capita income in Miami was 5 percent greater than that for Atlanta, the second highest metropolitan area, and 21 percent more than Tampa, the lowest rated of the five comparable metropolitan areas. (pages III-C-8 to III=C10) -While labor participation is higher in Miami than in any of the cities except Atlanta, unemployment also is the highest in comparison with each of these other communities. (pages II-C-8 to IV-C-10). -61- Services and trade, the two principal industrial sectors in the Miami econom , also feature prominently in each of the other cities. (pages III-C-8 to III-C-10) Thus it might be said that the nature of competition among these five areas is keen since, in many respects, they may be seeking not only organizations and enterprises that cater to the resident population in this regard but also that may assume a larger multi -state role within the South and Southeast. For example, due to its major tourist attractions, Orlando competes heavily with Miami in the area of hotels and other lodging -places services, as well as in amusement and recreation services. Tampa, home of Busch Gardens, is also competitive in these areas. With respect to business services, Atlanta and Jacksonville are strong competitors and Orlando is becoming a contendor as well. And in the health services area, Atlanta, Tampa and, to a lesser extent New Orleans,. are all competitive with Miami, particularly with regard to hospital services. -Manufacturing is more significant to Miami than it is to any of the other areas with the exception of Atlanta. In' light of recent trends, however, the importance of manu- facturing continues to decline for each of these communities with the notable exception of Orlando. (pages III-C-8 to III-C- 10 and page III-C-12) With respect to specific manufacturing categories, Atlanta is most competitive in the areas of apparel and other textile products and furniture and fixtures, and both Atlanta and Tampa are competitive with respect to printing and publishing. Within subsectors of these categories, however, sor.ie decree • of specialization is evident among the competitive cities. (pages III-C-52 to III-C-81) -Measurements of interrelated and important "export cains" in the manufacturing sector, as refiectea in value adaed, show that Atlanta succeeded at twice the rate for Miami, Tampa and New Orleans -- all of wnom were approximately equal in that category for 1976. (page III-C-46) With regard to putting in place new capacity for manu- facturing during that same year, capital expenditures in Miami exceeded those for Tampa and Orlando though remaining somewhat below those for Atlanta. -62- -Of all metr000litan areas examined, Miami had the lowest average production worker hourly wage, 53.92 as compared to the higher rates of 55.51 and 55.36 for New Orleans and Jacksonville, respectively. (page III-C-46) These differentials represent important issues from an economic standpoint in terms of both increasing Miami's competitive manufacturing position and, equally important, tracing "trade-offs" between providing opportunities for lower skilled workers on the one hand and upgrading jobs on the other. (page III-C-46) -Of key importance with respect to economic development, employment growth for Miami since 1974 has centered in trade, services and government. In contrast, and directly related to cyclical trends, large declines have been registered in construction. Growth trends for. the competitive cities have generally paralleled those for Miami with the exception.of Tampa, which also -counted sharp gains in finance, insurance and real estate. Thus, incremental employment opportunities for both cities may be influenced by the effectiveness of prospective plans and programs to accommodate the needs of this industry sector over the years ahead. (page III-C-12) -In percent terms, employment increases for Miami were less than those for the other cities. New Orleans was the leader here with more than double the gains of Miami; 3.9 percent average annual gains as compared to 1.5 percent. (page III-C-12) 2. Development Patterns. With respect to development patterns in each of the cities, the following major conclusions can be drawn. -Most cities examined are making serious attempts to attract international trade and commerce activities. Foreign trade zones exist in New Orleans and -Atlanta. Phase I of Orlando's 200-acre trade zone should be operational by September, 1979, and the City of Jacksonville is preparing applications for development of a zone there. Foreign banks have opened offices in Atlanta, and the State of Georgia maintains trade offices in Europe, South America and Japan. New Orleans is making a serious effort to host the 1984 Worlds Fair and at this time is the only city to have submitted proposals and applications to attract this event. -63- Airport and travel facilities are being improved in all the cities examined. New terminals are being constructed or expanded at airports in Orlando, Atlanta, and Jacksonville. Terminal expansion at New Orleans airport was completed in 1976, and Tampa's "new -concept" airport with landside and airside terminals opened in 1971. Runways at all airports except New Orleans are being extended to handle all types of passenger and cargo planes. And customs facilities at Jacksonville, Orlando, and Atlanta are under construction or are being enlarged to handle increased international travel. Moreover, the recent deregulation of the airline industry is expected to lead to expanded service to Europe, South and Central America from a variety of cities. Currently, non-stop service to a large number of foreign cities is available from Atlanta and Mew Orleans: Tampa offers flights to Mexico and Canada with seasonal service to Europe. The potential•for direct international service to Tampa and especially Orlando -- with major attractions and anew airport -- is very high and will help these cities to continue to mature as major tourist destinations. - Port facilities in the various cities are generally specialized by product or market type. Cargo handled at the Miami Port consists largely of machinery and other high -value manufactured products being shipped to Latin America. Tampa Port shipments are comprised primarily of phosphates: for delivery to Japan, Brazil, India,' Pakistan and the Middle East. Jacksonville handles the bulk of the automobile imports, and Port Everglades handles .the ,pe'trol eum imports_ New .Weans,' on the other hand, is the largest grain export port in the world. -Business taxes are higher in Miami than elsewhere in Dace County or in the competitive cities. The property rate is 33.086 mills in Miami, compared to 19.191 in unincorporated Dade County. In other incorporated Dade County locations, the tax rate ranges from 23.647 (Hialeah) to 31.353 (Miami Beach). -64- Comparable millage rates in other Florida cities are as follows: - Jacksonville: 18.02 - Orlando (including Orange County): 23.76 - Tampa (including Hillsborough County): 27.00, Outside of Florida, taxes are six to seven percent lower in Atlanta than in Miami and 44 percent lower in New Orleans, where there is also a 5-year exemption for capital improvements. On the other hand, there is no personal income tax in Florida and generally lower rates of corporate incomes taxes in than in Georgia and Louisiana. -Land Costs. Industrial land is generally more expensive in Miami than in outlying Dade locations, and such property is considerably more ex- pensive in Dade County than in suburban portions of the various competitive cities. One of the problems encountered in Miami is that much of the land which could be used for industrial development is zoned C-3, a broad commercial zone which also allows higher value uses to be built. The use of this zoning results in very high land values. For expample, land suitable for warehouse or industrial use in the area north of the Civic Center goes for around $87,000 per acre, as does comparable property in Allapatah. Property south of El Portal runs $130,000 per acre, and land west of Biscayne north of the Port can go for as much as $650,000 per acre. In comparison, prime industrial property in a high quality industrial parkin the airport area, outside Miami, sells for roughly $130,000; and at other locations alone the Palmetto and in Hialeah, prices generally are in the $70,000 - $90,000 per acre range. In comparison to the Miami area, ready -to -build industrial land in the competitive cities is much less expensive. In the Florida cities -- Jacksonville, Tampa and Orlando -- prime indust- rial property sells for $30,000 - $50,000 an acre. In Atlanta, top prices are $50,000, and in New Orleans, prime land goes for approxi- mately $60,000 - $80,000 per acre. -65- -In each city examined, major urban and metropolitan area development -projects are underway or planned. Projects include various arrays of new office buildings, retail and convention centers, hotels, rapid transit systems, and airport additions and expansions. Orlando's major construction projects and planned construction amounts to $2.7 billion, which includes expansion at area attractions, development of a foreign trade zone, airport expansion, housing projects and intrastructural improvements. In Atlanta, nearly $4.6 billion in new construction will include a $3 billion rapid transit system, new office towers, $500 million in airport expansions and improvements, major new hotels, and additional exhibition centers. Projects of a similar nature are planned for New Orleans and, to a somewhat smaller degree, for Jacksonville and Tampa. Among the cities examined, Orlando is the undisputed leader in attracting conventions. Orlando attracts 2,250 conventions annually compared to Miami's 210. In fact, Miami attracted fewer conventions than any of the other cities in 1978. However, Miami's conventions tend to be larger than those of Tampa and Jacksonville. Orlando's role as a convention center will be strengthened by its new $25 million Civic Center, but Miami's new Knight Center will enhance this city's competitive position in this regard. In the highly competitive economic development field it will be as important to maintain an awareness of Miami's competitive position vis-a- vis other metropolitan areas as it will be to provide effective programs geared both to accommodating new industries and to meeting the requirements of those presently within the area. The comparative data for each of the five metropolitan areas highlighted above will provide useful information in relation to maintaining an on -going information system to guide future city efforts in that respect. -66- DATA CATALOG Prepared for THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE OFFICE OF TRADE AND COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT MIAMI, FLORIDA August 27, 1979 by Gladstone Associates Economic Consultants Miami, Florida PREFACE A Data Catalog, the fifth of five reports focusing on Miami economic development strategies, is presented in this volume. Companion documents in this series include: Volume I: Executive Summary Volume II: The Miami Economy Volume'Ill: Outlook, Opportunities and Strategies Volume IV: Background Economic Indicators Major findings growing out of an extensive analysis of available data are initially noted in this report, followed by detailed presentations of the Miami information base including key documents, sources and data evaluations. Gladstone Associates August, 1979 The Data Catalog is the fifth in a series of five volumes and represents a systematic collection of the data used in this study. The four other volumes are: VOL I: Executive Summary VOL I I : The Miami Economy VOL III: Outlook, Opportunities and Strategies VOL IV: Background Economic Indicators I • TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Major Findings, Data Cataloging and Analysis II. Economic Data Catalog Matrix Data Index Economic Data Catalog Matrix III. Document Reference List IV. Data Catalog Evaluation Set Page 1 5 8 83 102 I. MAJOR FINDINGS, DATA CATALOGING AND ANALYSIS MAJOR FINDINGS DATA CATALOGING AND ANALYSIS As part of the Miami Economic Analysis and Development Strategy Study, this document sets forth an Economic Data Identification, Cataloging and Analysis. The data cataloging effort has been oriented to and focused on the needs of the City with respect to economic development goals in the context of ar economic base evaluation and prospective Miami strategies and programs. Specifically, the primary objectives of the data cataloging and analysis were to: (1) evaluate present City capabilities for determining economic trends and patterns. (2) establish a system for continued monitoring of City economic directions and growth in the period ahead. (3) provide a readily available data base for this effort and subsequent economic analyses. (4) identify an informational base for use by the Office of Trade and Commerce Development in aiding prospec- tive businesses seeking to locate or expand within the City. Major Findings and Conclusions The principal finding in conjunction with this task is that there is a significant lack of pertinent data for Miami and/or key city districts. In virtually every area of analysis, disaggregated data are either non- existent, incomplete, unreliable, obsolete or difficult to assemble. Of particular importance, data for employment, labor force, and business acti- vities in the City are virtually unavailable on a continuous (annual) basis at present. -1- Periodic U.S. Census information, at times, can provide some city - specific background. Publication of the 1977 Census of Business reports by the end of this year, illustratively, and the forthcoming 1980 Census of Population and Housing series (to be released in the early 1980's) will partially ameliorate this situation. The information provided in these reports, how- ever, will be dated (by two or more years) at the time of publication and will provide only some of the essential data needed by the City. In order to insure a more comprehensive and timely management information system, OTCD will need to work with other agencies -- in the Citty and else- where -- already collecting relevant indicators and arrange for disaggrega- tion and retrievability of appropriate data, where possible. In particular, the following potential data sources should be inves- tigated4 (3) Business licenses issued by the City of Miami Finance Department (Treasury Division). The data are available but are not now displayed or aggregated in usable form. Land use information collected as part of the Urban Information System of the City of Miami Planning Depart- ment. Current year estimates of the data contained in the City's 1975 Urban Information System are expected shortly after the first of the year. While much of these data will be useful, it may be possible to expand the categories of information collected to render the system more valuable to OTCD. Employment and business information collected by the State of Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. The State presently collects employment infor- mation for the entire region. The Dade County Planning Department is now attempting to geocode these data to County sublevels. OTCD, together with the City Planning Department, should coordinate with the county in these efforts. Presentation of Data Catalog and Analysis Results The balance of this document contains a data catalog organized as -2- follows: four. 1. Economic Data Catalog Matrix: The Economic Data Ca to i c; Matrix is designed to facilitate the location of specific data items. The catalog is divided into seven major categories, covering: A. Demographic Data B. Employment and Labor Force Data C. Human Resource Development and Training D. Economic Indicators E. Land Use and Real Estate Development Factors F. Economic and Fiscal Data G. Financial Resources for Business Development Within each major category, there is a separate matrix for ' each sub -category. To use the catalog matrix, reference should be initially made to the Data Index to determine the page(s) dealing with the subject matter. Then, the following information can be taken from the matrix: - document reference number ( column 1), keyed to the Document Reference List (pp - ), which provides the title and author of the referenced document; - description of the data (column 2),which highlights key characteristics; - time period covered by the data (column 3); and - geographic coverage of the information (columns 4-8). The last column (column 9) indicates whether the data source is recommended to OTCD for reference and planning purposes. 2. Document Reference List: This list, which is organized broadly by subject matter, gives the names and authors of identified source materials and is keyed, by document number, to both the Data Catalog Matrix and the Data Catalog Evaluation Set. 3. Data Catalog Evaluation Set: These pages set forth the results of analysis and evaluation of the data materials. The set is organized by document number for easy reference. An illustration of how to use the data catalog can be found on page - 3- USER INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE ECONOMIC DATA CATALOG MATRIX As an aid to the user of the Economic Data Catalog Matrix, a step-by- step example of how to use the matrix is provided below. This example demonstrates how to find the names of major apparel companies in Dade County. Step 1: Refer to the Data Index for the number of the page in the Matrix dealing with Key Employers (By Industrial Sector). This topic is listed under B. Employment and Labor Force Data and is referenced to page 36 of the Matrix. Step 2: Turn to page 36. On this page are listed eight sources of information on key employers. The first one (referenced as number 211) covers apparel firms in both Miami and Dade County in 1979. Step 3: To find the name and author of document number 211, refer to the Document Reference List, pages 83 - 258. Step 4: Document number 211 is listed on page 87 of the Document Reference List as Eastern's Guide to the Apparel Industry, published by Florida Fashion Finders, Inc. Step 5: To obtain evaluative information on this document, refer to the appropriate page, in the Data Catalog Evaluation Set. This set is organized sequentially, by document number, and the evalyation of document 211 appears of page 142. -4- I II. ECONOMIC DATA CATALOG MATRIX DATA INDEX Category Page Number A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1 - Trends in number of inhabitants 8 2 - Trends in year-round versus seasonal residents 10 3 - Age characteristics 11 4 - Race, sex and ethnic characteristics of the population 12 5 - Components of population change (migration vs. natural) 14 6 - Trends in number of households (year-round vs. seasonal) 15 7 - Trends in average household size 16 8 - Characteristics of household head (age, race, ethnicity, 17 sex) 18 9 - Households by income level -distribution 18 10 - Personal income trends 29 11 - Per capita income trends B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 1 - Number of jobs 21 2 - Trends in employment by industrial sector 23 3 - Unemployment 25 4 - Participation rates by age, sex, race and ethnic origin 27 5 - Labor turnover 28 6 - Occupational profile 29 7 - Wage and salary characteristics 31 8 - Number of establishments 34 9 - Key employers by industrial sector 36 10 - Business volumes 37 C. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING 1 - Existing programs 39 2 - Skills needs analysis 38 D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 1 - Retail 41 a. Retail expenditures 41 b. Retail sales. 42 c. Retail productivity levels 43 2 - Office 44 a. Key sectors 44 b. Office -using employment 45 -5- Cat rj.Dr,v ?Age Nur.Le„ 3 - Hotel/motel 46 a. Hotel/transient accommodations: Occupancy levels 46 b. Hotel/transient accommodation demand 47 4 - Industry 48 a. Industrial -using employment 48 b. Light/heavy industry, etc. 49 5 - Housing 50 a. Housing - tenure 50 b. Housing - starts and authorizations 51 c. Commutation 52 6 - International trade 53 E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 1 - General 54 2 ; Retail 55 a. Retail - major nodes 55 b. Retail floor space 56 c. Retail lease terms (typical) 57 d. Occupancy/vacancy-retail 58 3 - Office 59 a. Major office/employment nodes 59 b. Office floor space 60 c. Office lease terms (typical) 61 d. Office -, occupancy/vacancy 62 e. Office - land costs 63 4 - Hotel/motel 64 a. Hotel room inventory 64 b. Hotel occupancy levels 65 c. Hotel receipts 66 5 - Industry 67 a. Industry - floor space developed 67 b. Industry - lease terms (typical) 68 c. Occupancy/vacancy levels - industry 69 d. Industry - land prices 70 e. Industry tenant profiles 71 f. Industry1- land available 72 6 - Housing 73 a. Housing - units by structure type 73 b. Housing - occupancy/vacancy levels 74 c. Housing - rents/prices 75 7 - Institutional use - floor space 76 8 - Recreational facilities 77 -6- Category F. ECONOMIC AND FISCAL DATA 1 - City fiscal perspectives 2 - Business fiscal perspectives G. FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 1 - Flow of funds by industrial sector 2 - Private sources of funds by major financial institutions -7- Page 1i�irer 78 79 80 81 Document Ref. No. Description A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1- TRENDS IN NUMBER OF INHABITANTS i 101 Projections for census tracts: Reviewed annually. 103 Census data for census tracts 116 Sub -area data not considered reliable 301 For groups of census tracts; data are several years old 123 For census tracts, census data. 121 For census tracts, not con- sidered reliable 108 For census tracts 523 For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami 113 Recent estimates 117. Census data 118 Census data 302 Census data Time Period Covered to year 2000 1970 1975 and 1977 and projections to 2000 to year 2000 1970 1974 1970 & 1974 1970, 1975 & 1985 updated peri- odically 1970 1970 1970 Sub -Areas, Other City of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties x x X 1!) X . X X X X X X X X X X X x X X X x X X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material x X X x x X X X x X X X x X • A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1- TRENDS IN NUMBER OF INHABITANTS (cont'd) Document Ref. No. Description 112 Sample census survey 304 Recent estiiates 405 Recent estimates; not con- sidered reliable 522 Taken from Univ. Of Florida and the County Transportation Planning Data Base (DOC #116) 102 104 105 106 115 119 126 127 128 Recent estimates; $I0.50 charge -for full computer print-out 815 Part of.OBERS program 306 From U.S. Bureau of Econom'r. Analysis Recent estimates to Recent estimates Recent estimates. Recent estimate Recent estimates Projections; not available the public Estimates and projections Time • Period Covered 1976 updated annually updated fre- quently 1976 and pro- jections updated regularly updated annually updated annually updated annually 1977 NA 1979; '84; '89 1960;,'75 & '90 1969-1977; up- dated annually 1960-2000 1950-2000 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X state total X X staitcel US total to Recommended For Referenc Materi al 111111.1 Document Ref. No. Description 111 A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 2- TRENDS IN YEAR-ROUND VERSUS SEASONAL RESIDENTS Seasonal vs. year-round housing from census survey, detailed information available from the City Planning Department 529 Census 530 Census 304 Year-round housing units and households 0 515 Estimate of number of second home condominium units Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available 1975 1970 1970 1970 1973 X some some X x Recommended For Reference Material X X x Document Ref. No. Description 118 Census 405 Recents estimates; not considered reliable. 303 Census 104 Recent estimates. 106 Recent estimates. 107 Estimate of number of residents over 65. 304 Recent estimates 515 Projections 306 By race and sex • A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 3- AGE CHARACTERISTICS Time Period Covered 1970 Updated Frequently 1970 Updated Annually Updated Annually 1975 Updated Annually To 1985 1960,70,77 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X X X X x X X X X X X state US total total Recommended For Reference Material X A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 4- RACE, SEX AND ETHNIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION Document Ref. No. Description 103 Census data on Blacks and Spanish-Americans by census tract. 108 Estimates of Blacks and Spanish-Americans by census tract; accuracy questionable. 123 For census tracts; census data 111 Census data; detailed informa- tion available from the City Planning Department. 118 Census 302. Census 303 Nativity, from census data. 106 Recent estimates of sex by age group. 110 Recent estimate of ethnic characteristics based on 25% survey. 113 Recent estimates of race and ethnic background. 301 Data are several years old. 304 Recent estimates and projec- tions. 522 Projections from the County Trans. Planning Data Base (Doc. #116). 306 Race and sex.- by age group Ti me Period Covered 1970 1974 1970 1975 1970 1970 1970 Updated Annually FY 1978 Updated Periodically Trends and pro- jections to 2000 Updated Annually 1976 and projections 1960-77 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X x X X X X X state US total total Recommended For Reference Material X X I_) • • A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 4- RACE, SEX AND ETHNIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION (con`t. Document Ref. No. Description 124 Limited validity 524 Covers Dade, Broward and Monroe Counties, minority population. Time Period Covered 1975, 1980, 1985 1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available _ X X Some Reconenended For Reference Material Document Ref. No. Description 121 Move -ins and move -outs by census tract; not considered reliable. 104 Recent estimates. 105 Historical data back to 1950. 115 Most recent -July 1977. 304 306 -Net migration by age group -Natural population change 302 Census A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 5- COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE Time Period Covered 1974 Updated Annually Updated Annually July 1977 Updated Annually - 1960-70 - 1960-75 1960, 1970 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available x x x X X X X X X X X state US X total total Recommended For Reference Material X • Document Ref. No, Description A. DEMOGR•C DATA 6 - TRENDS IN NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS (YEAR-ROUND VS. SEASONAL) 111" Census data; detailed infor- mation available from the City Planning Dept. 118 Census 301 Data are several years old 121 For census tracts; not con- sidered reliable 122 n 123 405 529 530 523 106 Census Census Recent estimate; not consi- dered reliable Census Census For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami Recent estimates 113 Recent estimates • 119 Household and second home projections; -not available to the public 304 - - Year-round housing units and households., _All households -recent estima- tes Time Period Covered 1975 1970 trends;pro- jections to 1985 1974 1970 1970 updated frequently 1970 1970 1970 and 75 projections t 1985 Updated regu- larly Updated perio- dically NA 1970 Updated annu- -ally Sub -Areas, City of Miami X X Other City of Dade Florida Miami County Counties X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X x x X X X X X Other U.S. Locations Available X X x X Recommended For Reference Material X X X X X rn 122 123 405 Document Ref. No. Description 111 A. DEMOGRAPH.IC DATA 7 - TRENDS IN AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD SIZE Census data;detailed infor- mation available from the City Planning Dept. 118 Census;persons per household can be estimated from popu- lation and household data 301 Data are several years old 121 For census tracts; not con- sidered reliable Census Census. Recent estimate can be cal- culated; not considered re- liable 529 Census 530 Census 523 For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami 106 Recent estimates 113 Recent estimates 304 Persons per household can be estimated from raw data -recent estimate plus projections Time Period Covered 1975 1970 Trends; pro- jections to 1985 1974 1970 1970 Updated fre- quently 1970 1970 1970 and 75; projections to 1985 Updated regu- larly Updated perio- dically Updated annu- ally Sub -Areas, City of Miami x X Other Other U.S. City of Dade Florida Locations Miami County Counties Available X X X X X X X X Recommended For Reference Material_ X X X X A. DEf•10GRAPHODATA 8 - CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLD MEAD (AGE, RACE, ETHNICITY, SEX) Document Ref. No. Description 111 Census; detailed information available from the City Planning Dept. 122 Census 121 Sex, for census tracts; not considered reliable 123 For census tracts, from census 529 Census 530 Census 124 Limited validity 511 For home owners and renters, by income level Time Period Covered 1975 1970 1974 1970 1970 1970 1975,80,85 1977 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of 'City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X x x x X x x x x x x x X x Recommended For Reference Material A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA. 9 - HOUSEHOLDS BY INCOh1E LEVEL -DISTRIBUTION Document Ref. No. Description 103 For census tracts, from census data 111 Census; detailed information available from the City Planning Dept. 121 Household income index for census tracts; not considered reliable 405 Recent estimate of effective buying income; not considered reliable -- 122 Census 00 303 Census 523 For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami 113 From Census data 522 From census data 124 Limited Validity 511 For home owners and renters, by age, household size, sex and ethnic characteristics 524 Covers Dade, Broward and Monroe counties Time Period Covered 1960,70 1975 1974 Updated fre- quently 1970 1970 1970,75,85 1970 1970 to 1985 1977 1976,80,85,90 Sub -Areas, Other City of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties X X X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material x X X X X X X X x X X X X X X X X X X X X some x X X X 120 tO ' 302 304 125 Document Ref. No. Description 102 Recent estimates A. DEMOGRAPH ATA 10 - PERSONAL INCOME TRENDS 109 Including sources of income, with comparisons with other metro areas 113 Including sources of income, from census data 114 Recent estimate and historical data Including source of income data to 1977 for the State Census Including historical data to 1971; most recent is 1976 Most recent is 1978 128 Total and sources of personal income; $10.50 charge for full computer print-out 815 Part of OBERS program 306 Sources of personal income Time Period Covered Updated perio- dically 1950-72 Updated perio- dically Updated Regu- larly 1974-1976 1970 Updated annu- ally Updated annu- ally 1976-77;update annually 1960-2000 1966-76 Sub -Areas, City of City of Miami Miami Dade County x Other Florida Counties x Other U.S. Locations Available some X X some some x X X State X total State US total total Recommended For Reference Material X X A. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA it -PER CAPITA INCOME TRENDS Document Ref. No. Description 109 Including sources of income and comparisons with other metro areas 113 Including historical data to 1969-most recent data are for 1976 114 Recent estimates and histori- cal data 115 Change, 1970-76 120 Including sources of income data for the State, to 1977 0 302 Census 304 -Individual adjusted gross in- come from tax returns -Personal wealth 127 Expensive 125 Most recent is 1978 522 128 Total and percent of national average; S10.50 charge for full computer print-out 815 Part of OURS program 306 Time Period Covered 1950-72 Updated periodically Updated regularly 1970-76 1974-76 1970 1974 1972 1960,75,90 updated annually trends, projec- tions to 2000 1969-77; up- dated annually 1960-2000 1966-1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X some X X X X X X X X X X State total X X X X X X State X total State US total total Recommended For Reference Material X X .IIA,191WWW,II Document Ref. No. Description 303 Census 204 Recent estimate and to 1985 205 Recent estimate and projection to 1985 206 Recent estimate and projection to 1985, from published source 207 Recent estimate -annual data more reliable than quarterly 208 Recent estimate -annual data more reliable than quarterly projection 215 Covers manufacturing industry only 216 Covers non -manufacturing in- dustries only 217 Historical data for 1965-75, plus projections 218 Census, most recent is 1976; 223 Recent estimate 127 Expensive 601 Availability questionable G. EMPLOYMEN T 1 LABOR FORCE DATA 1-NUMBER OF JOBS Time Period Covered 1970 published annually published periodically to 1985 published quarterly published quarterly and annually 1977 1977 1965-80 published annually published annually 1960,75,90 unknown Sub -Areas, City of Miami City of Miami X Other Other U.S. Dade Florida Locations County Counties Available X X X x x X X X x X X X Total State Total State some x X Recomended For Reference Material x X X X B-1 (Cont'd.) Document_ Ref. No. Description 201 Monthly data not considered reliable; adjustments made annually 301 Data are several years old 302 Census; data by age, level of education, earnings and occu- pation 304 N 523 229 306 233 232 231 Not recommended for use in economic analysis Occupational projections and trends in the S.E. U.S. By type and broad industrial categories, by place of work By detailed industrial and oc- cupational category, by place of work 612 For 300 occupations B-EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 1. NUMBER OF JOBS (cont'd.) Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available published X X monthly trends; pro- X jections to 1990 1970 X X X 1975-78; updated annuall to 1985 issued monthly 1967-78 1974-85 1972-77 1970-74; 19778178 (est) ; 1985 (projecti 1976-1985 X. State total X US total - Southeast U.S.- X X - Southeast U.S.- US total Recommended For Reference Material X X • 208 N 217 1 i { B. EMPLOYMENT• LABOR FORCE DATA 2-TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Document Ref. No. Description 303 Census -at place of residence 204 Recent estimate and projection to 1985 - at place of work 205 Recent estimate and projection to 1985-at place of work 206 Recent estimate and projection to 1985, from published source 207 Recent estimate -at place of work -annual data more reliable than quarterly Recent estimate -annual data more reliable than quarterly - at place of work Historical data for 1965-75, plus projections at place of work 218 Census;most recent is 1976; very detailed, to 4-digit SIC; at place of work 223 Recent estimate -at place of work. 201 Monthly data not considered reliable; adjustments made annually - at place of work 301 Data are several years old 302 Census data by age, level of education, earnings and occu- pation; at place of residence 402 For retail trade industries; census ; at place of work Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available 1970 X X X X published X X annually published periodically to 1985 published quarterly published quarterly and annually 1965-90 published annually published annually published monthly trends and projections t 1990 1970 1972. X some X X X X X X x X Recommended For Reference Material X B-2 (Cont'd.) Document Ref. No. Description B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 2-TRENDS IN EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR (cont'd.) 403 For retail trade industries; census; at place of work 224 For wholesale trade industries census; at place of work 225 For selected service industrie' census; at place of work 304 Non-agricultural employment. selected categories to 3-digit level for 1977;at place of wor -To 2 and 3 digit level for man. ufa�cotur)ing; census (at place o Total manufacturing employment - census (at place of work) 523 At place•of work 306 -By major category -By 2-digit SIC for manufacturi g -At place of work 233 Industry and occupational employment projections for the Southeastern US 404 Time Period Covered 231 By detailed categories by plac of work; based on 1974 data 232 By major industrial categories, by place of work 230 For selected manufacturing industries to' the ' 4-digit SIC 307 car !najnr categories 1972 1972 1972 1975-78, updated annually 1975-6 1975-6 to 1985 -1971-76 -1973-77 1974-85 1970-74; est. 1977-78; proj: 1985 1972-77 1973-83; varies by industry 1078 Sub -Areas, City of City of Miami Miami x Other Other U.S. Dade Florida Locations County Counties Available x X X X X X X X X X X X X X x X X v State total X X US total -Southeast U.S.- -Southeast U.S.- X come X Us total Recommended For Reference Material X X X I u. "0111111R1!=.1 Document Ref. No. 303 201 202 Description Census Monthly data not considered reliable;adjusted annually - by industry -Ethnic origin, race and sex insured unemployed -Industry of insured -Ethnic origin, race of insured unemployed by in- dustry _Duration of unemployment by industry -Age of insured unemployed, by industry and occupation of unemployed and sex 204 Recent estimate, by race, age and sex 206 Characteristics of the unemp- loyed 207 -Insured unemployed -Total unemployment 302 Census 304 Recent estimate 229 Not recommended for use in economic analysis 602 Taken from State Dept of Com- merce data; by occupation, for insured unemployed • B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 3-UNEMPLOYMENT Time Period Covered 1970 - published monthly issued monthly tl updated annually 1974-77 1976-8 1974-8 1970 updated annually issued monthly 1977 1967-78 Sub -Areas, City of Miami City of Miami X Other Other U.S_ Dade Florida Locations County Counties Available X X X X X X X X X Total State Total State Total State X State total X x X X State US total total Recommended For Reference Material X X X X 306 Document Ref. No. Description 307 B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 3-UNEPMPLOYMENT (continued) Time Period Covered Updated month- ly Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations - Miami Miami County Counties Available X some Recommended For Reference Material { • B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA { 4. PARTICIPATION RATES BY AGE, SEX, RACE AND ETHNIC ORIGIN Document Ref. No. Description 209 Percent of labor force that is Black, American Indian, Orien- tal, Spanish-American, and female, based on 1970 census data; limited validity 303 Census 203 By sex A, 204 V By sex, age and race 302 Census 306 -By sex Time Period Covered 1977 1970 updated annually updated annually 1970 1950-60-70 Sub -Areas, Other. Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available x x x X X X X X X X X X X X X X State US total total Recommended For Reference Material X X X X X B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 5. LABOR TURNOVER Document Ref. No. Description 201 Monthly data not considered reliable, adjustments made annually 202 By industry, for insured unemployed 203 204 o 207 Recent estimate Recent estimate - annual data more reliable than quarterly 219 Jobs with frequent openings 307 By type, selected counties only PerioTid Covered published monthly issued monthly issued annually issued annually issued quarterly updated monthly updated monthly Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X State Total X some some x x X X X X X some Recommended For Reference Material x X X I II ITEM. 1 B. EMPLOYMENT ANIPABOR FORCE DATA 6. OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE Document Ref. No. Description 303 Census -at place of residence 121 For census tracts; not considered reliable 201 Only job categories with sig- nificant changes provided each month - data adjusted annually at place of work 202 Of the insured unemployed 204 • Recent estimates and projec- tions to 1985-at place of wor 205 Recent estimates and projec- tions to 1985 -at place of wor 206 Recent estimates and projec- tions to 1985 207 Recent data on Miami SMSA State Employment Service activity - at place of work 215 Detailed state totals for manu- facturing industries 216 Detailed state totals for non - manufacturing industries 219 Jobs for which there are frequent openings Time Period Covered 1970 1974 issued monthly issued monthly published annually published periodically to 1985 issued quarterly 1977 1977 . issued monthly Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available x x X X X x X X x X x X X x X X State total State total x x X Recommended For Reference Material x X X Document Ref. No. Description 302 Census;. by age, level of edu- cation., industry, earnings at place of residence 304 Recent estimates for the insured unemployed 601 Availability questionable 602 B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 6. OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE (cont'd) Time Period Covered 1970 issued annually unknown Projected need, taken from 1977 Florida Department of Commerce data, covers many but not all occupational categories 608 Jobs for which students are being trained 233 Projections using 1974 data 231 By detailed category, at place of work. Based on 1974 data 612 For several hundred occupatio issued annually to 1985 1970-74; est 1977-78; prof. 1985 1976-85 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida . Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X state total X Southeastern US- -Southeastern US - US total Recommended For Reference Material X X X Document Ref. No. Description 402 Census; payroll for retail trade industry „;, 304 B. EMPLOYMENT ANIBOR FORCE DATA 7. WAGE AND SALARY CHARACTERISTICS 403 Census; payroll for retail 224 Census; payroll for wholesale trade industry 225 Census; payroll for selected service industries - Average earnings for manu- facturing industries - Average earnings for non - manufacturing industries - Payroll, selected industries 404 305 217 trade industry - For total manufacturing - For types of manufacturing Selected wage rates by occupation Earnings for industries, Miami Economic Area 201 Different categories each issue Time Period Covered 1972 1972 1972 1972 - 1977(updated annually) - 1977(updated annually) - 1977 (updated annually) 1975-1976 1975-1976 1978 1967 issued monthly Sub -Areas, City of Miami X Other City of Dade Florida Miami County Counties X X X X X X x X X X X X X x Other U.S. Locations Available X X x X Dade and nearby counties X X x Recommended For Reference Material Document Ref. No. Description 307 Average hourly and weekly earnings in manufacturing G. EMPLOYMENT AND LA[30R FORCE DATA 7. WAGE AND SALARY CHARACTERISTICS (cont'd) Time Period Covered Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S.. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X some Recommended For Reference Material I t t B. EMPLOYMENT AILABOR FORCE DATA 7. WAGE AND SALARY CHARACTERISTICS (cont'd) Document Ref. No. Description 203 By industry and occupation 206 Average wages paid by industry 208 Recent data 210 218 Census; payroll by detailed industrial sector - most recent is 1976 219 For jobs with openings 221 Payroll,as of first quarter 1975, geocoded; not available yet 301 Earnings by industrial sector 302 Census; earnings by occupation and by industry 306 —Average wage and salary incom by major industry category -Average wage and salary incom by 2-digit SIC, manufacturing 230 Average hourly earnings for selected manufacturing Indus- tries to the 4-digit SIC leve 611 For 300 occupations, 35 industries Time Period Covered updated annually 1977 issued quarterly 1970-1978 updated annually updated monthly 1975 1959, '70, '76 1970 , 1972-77 1973-77 1973-83; varies by industry_ 1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X state total X X X x x X x x x X X X X state US total total X state US total total US total US total Recommended For Reference Material X X X x X X B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 8. NUMBERS OF ESTABLISHMENTS Document Ref. No. Description 203 Raw data in appendix for major industrial classifications 212 By industry type 218 Census; by size category most recent is 1976 221 Not available yet 402 Census; for retail trade industries 403 Census; for retail trade industries 224 Census,; for wholesale trade industries 225 Census; for selected service industries 407 Census; for hotels; motels, trailer parks and camps 304 For construction, manufactur- ing, communication, public utilities, wholesale and re- tail trade, finance -insurance, real estate, services, tourist related industries, health care, social service industries Sub -Areas, Time City of Period Covered Miami updated annually updated annually published annually first quarter 1975 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1977; updated annually X X Other Other U.S. City of Dade Florida Locations Miami County Counties Available X X X x x X X X X x X X X X X X X X x x x X X X X X x some some X X Recommended For Reference Material X • • B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 3. NUMBERS OF ESTABLISHMENTS (cont'd) Document Ref. No. Description 121 By major SIC 501 For a variety of industries 228 Not available in useable form at present. Would provide locationof businesses by type Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available 1974 1960, '70, '75 uodated periodically x x x x x x x X Recomnended For Reference Material Document Ref. No.' 21 l 212 213 220 222 221 226 227 Description Apparel Companies Only Includes Number of Employees; Voluntary Submission Basis Not Comprehensive Very Limited Data Includes Number of Employees Includes Number of Employees and Dollar Payroll; Availability Uncertain Name, Address, Employment as of Sept. 1976 Name, Address and Phone for Corporate Headquarters B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 9 - KEY EMPLOYERS (BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR) Time Period Covered 1979 1979; updated annually NA 1978 First Quarter 1975 1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available Recommended For Reference Material I l l s 1 1111.1gM91pl111lllr'aM Document Ref. No. Description 202 Limited amount of data 402 Census; for retail trade outlets 403 Census; for retail trade outlets 224 Census; for wholesale trade outlets 225 Census; for selected service outlets 407 Census; for hotels, motels, trailer parks and camps 304 -For department stores; by month - For other businesses, total -For other businesses, by type 404 -Value of shipments, manufac- turing, total - Value of shipments, manufac- turing, by type of business (census) 230 Value of shipments, exports and imports for selected 4-digit SIC's • B. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR FORCE DATA 10 - BUSINESS VOLUMES Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of- Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available' NA 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 - 1977-1978 - 1976-1977 - 1976-1977 (Updated Annually) - 1975-1976 - 1975-1976 1973-83; varies by industry X State Total X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X State Total X X X X X US total Recommended For Reference Material x X C. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING 1. EXISTING PROGRAMS Document Ref. No. Description 603 Including who is trained, by NA what agencies, for what kinds of jobs and program success for CETA programs; may be completed this summer 604 Study of the CETA placement NA system; may be available this summer 605 List of training programs FY 1978-1979 available through CETA Time Period Covered CO 606 Employment service activity issued by the Fla. State Div. of Em- quarterly ployment Security by occupa- tion: applicants active, job openings received and filled 607 List of occupational training programs offered by Miami -Dade Community College, with career goal for each. 608 Vocational education programs and facilities provided by Da County Schools with figures on enrollment and funding 609 Addresses of all post- second-ary private schools.w/docation.1 business, modeling, etc. cours•s, licensed by the State of Florida 610 List of every vocational tours taught in Dade County Schools Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available x X X X X Recommended For Reference Material X X X II I,IA!M { w 4.0 Document Ref. No. Description 601 Availability and exact coverage uncertain; to include Dade and Monroe Counties 602 Projected need and existing insured unemployed for selected occupations 606 Rating of employment opportun- ities in a variety of occupa- tions in 29 Florida Communitie 204 Employment by occupation; supply and demand 295 Projected job opportunities by occupation and industry; 206 Job opportunities by type of occupation; 15 most frequent job openings 219 Frequently open job listings and education or experience required plus characteristics of applicants 302 Census; level of education and vocational training 303 Census; level of education and vocational training. • C. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING 2. SKILLS NEEDS ANALYSIS Sub -Areas, Other . Other U.S. Recommended City of City of Dade Florida Locations For Reference Miami Miami County Counties Available Material Monroe 1 X Time • Period Covered 1977 May -Nov 1979 1979 Dec. 1977 1974-77 w/projections to 1985 issued frequently 1970 1970 X Miami- Hialeah- some Homestead - Perri ne x X X X X X X x X X X X C. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING 2. SKILLS NEEDS ANALYSIS (con't.) Document Ref. No. Description 233 Occupational projections based on 1974 data 611 Supply and demand and training required for several hundred occupations 612 Supply and demand for several hundred occupations Time Period Covered to 1985 1976-1985 1976-1985 Sub -Areas, City of City cf Miami Miami Other Dade Florida County Counties Other U.S. Locations Available -Southeast U.S.- US total US total Recommended For Reference Material � f t Document Ref. No. Description 522 From residents and tourists • D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 1(a)-RETAIL EXPENDITURES Time Period Covered 1975,1985, 2000 Sub -Areas, City of Miami Other City of Dade Florida Miami County Counties X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material Document Ref. No. Description 402 Census; by kind of business 403 Census; by kind of business 405 Recent estimates by major store type; not considered reliable 523 For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami 113 By type (from Survey of Buying Power - #405) 401 Gross and taxable, by type D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 1(b) - RETAIL SALES Time Period Covered 1972 1972 Updated Frequently Trends and Projections 1960, 1970, 1974, 1975, 1976 1977 Updated Annually Sub -Areas, City of City of Miami Miami x X Other Other U.S. Recommended Dade Florida Locations For Reference County Counties Available Material X X X X x X X X X x X X X X X X X Document Ref. No. Description 522 D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 1(c) - RETAIL PRODUCTIVITY LEVELS Time Period Covered, Projections Sub -Areas, Other City of City. of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material Document Ref. No. Description 522 Taken from the County Transportation Planning Data Base -# 116, Not considered reliable, particularly for sub -area estimates 520 532 Not available to the public; some data might be made avail- able to OTCD. Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Countie D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2(a) OFFICE -KEY SECTORS Time Period Covered 1975-1985, 2000 1985 updated annually Sub -Areas, City of City of Miami Miami x x Other Dade Florida County •Counties X X X X some Other U.S. Locations Available some Recommended For Reference Material X Document Ref. No. Description 520 522 Taken from the County Transportation Planning Data Base (#116); reliability questionable • D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2(b) - OFFICE -USING EMPLOYMENT. Time Period Covered 1985 1975, 1985, 2000 Sub -Areas, Other City of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties X X X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 3(a) - HOTEL/TRANSIENT ACCOMMODATIONS: OCCUPANCY LEVELS Document Ref. No. Description 407 Census 521 Not available 523 Covers Civic Center area and Miami 534. Trends in sales and occupancy Time Period Covered 1972 NA To 1977 1960-1977 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X x X x x X X X Recommended For Reference Material X Document Ref. No. 225 402 304 Description _ Census; receipts Census;_ sources of -Origin/destination - Total visitors - Visitor expenditure -Attendance at State memorials r f i D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS. 3(b) - HOTEL/TRANSIENT ACCOMMODATION DEMAND Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available receipts of traveler s parks and Time Period Covered 1972 1972 Updated Annually X X X X X X X X X Recornnended For Reference Material X X Document Ref. No. Description 504 D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 4(a) - INDUSTRIAL -USING EMPLOYMENT Time Period Covered Projections Sub -Areas, Other City of City of Dade Florida Miami - Miami Cou,yty Counties Other U.S. Recomnended Locations For Reference Available Material X I IIn i !'PA01!1!A'!71pl16�1 D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 4(b) - LIGHT/HEAVY INDUSTRY, ETC. Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Document Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Ref. No. Description Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available 40.4 Census; value added, value of 1976 X X shipments, inventories and capital expenditures for selected 2 and 3 digit manufacturing industries 304 -Value added and capital 1958, 1977 X X expenditures for manufactur- Updated Annually ing State -Value added and capital SStates expenditures for 2 digit SICs 306 Value added, manufacturing 196 3- 72 531 Space occupied and number of Updated Annually firms, by major industry and category and 2-digit SIC man- ufacturing group; not availabl• to the public; some data may be made available to OTCD; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties X X some some Recommended For Reference Material X X X X D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 5{a) - HOUSING - TENURE Document Time Ref. No. Description Period Covered 121 For census tracts; not consi- 1974 dered reliable 123 Census; for census tracts 1970 529 Census 1970 530 Census 1970 113 1960, 1970 1975 524 Covers Dade, Broward and 1976 Monroe Counties Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Mfami Miami County Counties Available X X X X x x x X X x x X X x x x X X Some Reconrnended. For Reference Material X X 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 • D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 5(b) - HOUSING - STARTS AND AUTHORIZATIONS Document Ref. No. Description 406 Value and number of residentia single and multi -family permits for incorporated areas, by month; not con- sidered reliable 522 From Reinhold P. Wolff, Southern Bell and University of Florida 113 304 513 512 Number and value. (for Counties; Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties 307 Number and value, for incor- porated areas; covers Dade, Broward, Palm Beach and Monroe Counties Time Period Covered Issued Monthly• 1971-1976 Updated Regularly Updated Annually Issued Quarterly Issued Monthly 1978; updated monthly Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X X X some some some Recommended For Reference Material X Document Ref. No. Description 234 census; county -to -county and intra-county journey -to -work flows, with selected character- istics of commuters 235 census; place of work by place of residence for Dade County workers D. ECONOMIC INDICATORS 5(c) COMMUTATION Sub -Areas, • Other Other U.S. Recommended Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations For Reference Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available Material 1970 1975 X X X some I I i•II IWI111 II III111l1!11T611.11 ca cri • 409 • Document Ref. No. Description 304 -waterborne commerce, by harbor -imports/exports; by port - imports/exports by air - airport operations 408 "pass through commodity" exports through Customs Region and District 52; total value by commodity and by destination, by custom region and district exports by specific commodity type by country of destination and method of -transportation; volume and value; difficult to use 410 same data as in #409, organized by commodity rather than by country; difficult to use 411 Volume and value of waterborne exports and imports, by port 412 volume and value of airborne exports and imports, by airport i I ( •1 D. ECONOMIC IN•TORS 6 INTERNATIONAL TRADE Time Period Covered 1974-1976- 1976-1977 1976 1975-1977 up- dated annually 1977-1978 four quarters 1977 1977 1978; issued monthly 1978; issued monthly I I 1 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available Recommended For Reference Material E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 1 - GENERAL Document Ref. No. Description 501 Acres in each land use and vacant; available through the City of Miami Planning Dept. 509 Survey of new construction: status, type of project, approximate cost, location, contact 525 Survey of major project, by type, location, dollar value 526 Survey of major downtown pro- jects, by name, location, estimated cost, anticipated use, date of construction, date of completion 528 List of available commercial buildings; not comprehensive 101 Land use for census tracts 301 Land use Time Period Covered 1960, 1970, 1975 Issued Daily 1978 1960, 1970, 1975 Sub -Areas, Other. Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X x x X X X X X State Total X Recommended For Reference Material X X I) uqq Fungi IIImRAR! Document Ref. No. Description 403 Census � 1 1 1 E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 2(a) - RETAIL - MAJOR NODES Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami Cot_pily, Counties Available 532 Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties, not available to the public Time Period Covered 1972 Updated Annuall X X X X X X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 2(b) RETAIL FLOOR SPACE Document Ref. No. Description 501 Total retail floor area; avail- able through the City of Miami Planning Department 532 Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public Time Period Covered 1960, '70, '75 updated annuall Sub -Areas, Other City of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties x x Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material X X X some some 'UMW 111 BillA@ W ( I l [ I I I [ • E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 2(c) RETAIL LEASE TERMS (TYPICIAL). Document Ref. No. Description 520 Retail rents by neighborhood and Palm 532 CoverBeachsCounties not davailable to the public Time Period Covered 1976 Updated Annually [ I I Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami Count Counties Available X X X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material X E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 2(d) OCCUPANCY /VACANCY -RETAIL Document Ref. No. Description 532 Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public Time Period Covered Updated Annually Sub -Areas, City of City of Miami Miami- X X Other Dade Florida County Counties X some Other U.S. Locations Available some Recommended For Reference Material X 1111.11110111 E. LAND USE AND REAL STATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 3(a) MAJOR OFFICE/EMPLOYMENT NODES Document Ref. No. Description 503 Name, location of major office parks 505 Inventory of office space, surveyed by area, and planned large-scale developments 507 Planned large-scale develop- ments; inventory or space 305 Major office parks um 532 Office space, by area; covers ma Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public 533 Locations and descriptions of new office buildings planned for Brickell Avenue Period Covered updated annually updated annually updated annually N/A Sub -Areas, Other Time City of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties x X X x X X X X X x X X X X X x Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material some some X X X X X X E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 3(b) OFFICE FLOOR SPACE Document Ref. No. Description 501 Available through the City of Miami Planning Department 505 For 12 major areas 506 Major new construction in 17 cities 507 For 11 major areas 508 Covers downtown Miami; not o► available 0 528 Available commercial buildings; not comprehensive 532 By area; covers Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public 533 For new buildings proposed for Brickell Avenue Time Period Covered 1960, '70, '75 updated annually updated annually updated annually NA NA updated annuall NA Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available y X X X X X X X x X X X X X X X some some X Recommended For Reference Material X X X X X lii 110.1111i EunIIIPIP 7� • E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 3(c) OFFICE LEASE TERMS (TYPICAL) Document Ref. No. Description 505 506 507 532 For 12 major areas For 17 cities For 11 major areas By area; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public Time Period Covered updated annually updated annually updated annually updated annually Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X X X X X X X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material X X X Document Ref. No. Description 505 For 12 major areas 506 For 17 cities 507 For 11 major areas 508 For downtown Miami; not available 523 rn N E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 3(d) OFFICE - OCCUPANCY/VACANCY For the Civic Center area and the City of Miami, including historical trends 532 By area; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public Time Period Covered updated annually updated annually updated annually NA to 1977 updated annually Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X x x X X X X some X some Recommended For Reference Material X X X n Document Ref. No. Description 520 • E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 3(e) OFFICE- LAND COSTS Time Period Covered 1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available -X Recommended For Reference Material u■ rn Document Ref. No. 501 521 522 304 225 407 534 535 E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 4(a) HOTEL ROOM INVENTORY Description Available through the City of Miami Planning Department For downtown _hotels; not available Historical and recent trends plus projections Public lodging establishments and tourist facilities Census, number of establish- ments Census Florida lodging industry analysis Miami hotel and motel assoc- iation members Time, Period Covered 1960, '70, '75 NA 1968-78; '78- '85, '88 Jan. 1978; up- dated annually 1972 1972 1978; updated annually updated regularly Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X x X X X SMSA's X X Recommended For Reference Material X IIIIII1I1uI III111109 ?PI1IipRolIR4T'. • E. tAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 4(b) HOTEL OCCUPANCY LEVELS Document Ref. No. Description 407 Census 521 For downtown Miami; not available 523 For the Civic Center Area and the City of Miami 534 Trends in sales and occupancy rn 01 Time Period Covered 1972 NA to 1977 1960-1977 I I � Sub -Areas, Other City_of City of Dade Florida Miami Miami County Counties Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material X SMSA's X X Document Ref. No. Description 225 407 522 534 Census Census; by type Gross sales motels in Totals for E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 4(c) HOTEL RECEIPTS by hotels and southeast Florida Florida Time Period Covered 1972 1972 1970-77 1977 Sub -Areas, City of Miami Other Other U.S. City of Dade Florida Locations Miami County Counties Available x x X X SMSA's X some State Total x X Recommended For Reference Material x X i'! eOWRIMMRAmr t 1 I I 1 1 ( ! 1 1 E. LAND USE AND REALITATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(a) INDUSTRY -FLOOR SPACE DEVELOPED Document Ref. No. Description 504 Historical land absorption Sub -Areas, Other Time City of City of Dade Florida Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties to 1977 528 Available commercial buildings; NA not comprehensive 531 By area, by owner/renter occu- updated annually pancy, by rail/non-rail user; by SIC occupancy; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Countie ; not available to the public; some data may be made availabl: c; to OTCD 501 Floor area,wholesale trade; available throuoh the City of Miami Planning Dept. 1960,70,75 X Other U.S. Recommended Locations For Reference Available Material X X X X X X some some X X E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(b)-INDUSTRY-LEASE TERMS (TYPICAL) Document Ref. No. . Description 502 By area, including building sale prices 531 By area; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public; some data may be made available to OTCD Time Period Covered 1978 updated annuall Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material III!IItIIII!! l9RAl�Ia�A�!T�rs!�—'.� ! Document Ref. No. Description E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(c) OCCUPANCY /VACANCY LEVELS -INDUSTRY Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available 531 Covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties; not available to the public; some data may be made available to OTCD Time Period Covered, updated annuall X X some some Recommended For Reference Material X iiuniuiisuii 1n Document Ref. No. Description E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(d)-INDUSTRY-LAND PRICES Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available 502 By area, including building sale prices 520 Time Period Covered 1978 1976 Recommended For Reference Material I I MI !! II911I!UAILIII II .. all 1 Document Ref. No. Description E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(e)-INDUSTRY TENANT PROFILES Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. Time City of City of Dade Florida Locations Period Covered Miami Miami County Counties Available 531 By area; covers Dade, Broward and Palm -Beach Counties; not available to the public; some data may be made available to OTCD updated annually X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material . X E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 5(f) INDUSTRY —LAND AVAILABLE Document Ref. No. Description 502 Size of industrial area 503 Name,l'ocation of major indus- trial and office parks 504. Industrial land use, by type of use and services available 520 Major parcels of public land available, with projections 101 For some census tracts 305 Major industrial parks Time Period Covered 1978 1976 1976-86 1978 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X x x x x x X x Recommended For Reference Material X X x II II'! P!II I II MINN! IIIINI RII!I?A!!l DPP7 • E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 6(a) HOUSING -UNITS BY STRUCTURE TYPE Document Ref. No. Description 501 Including condition; available from the City of Miami Plan- ning Dept. 511 Inventory of available housing 1971-76 and forecast of supply for 1977-1985 124 515 Estimate of number of second home condominium units 516 Including condition; not available 517 Not available 522 Including projections based on the County Transportation Planning Data Base (#116); re- liability questionable 121 For census tracts;not con- sidered reliable 111 Census;By race, ethnic origin of occupant; detailed infor- mation available from the City of Miami Planning Dept. 113 Time Period Covered 1960,70,75 1971-85 1971-76 1973 NA NA 1970,75,85, 2000 1974 1970,75 1960,70,75 Sub-Areas,Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X X X Recommended For Reference Material X X 514 E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 6(b)..HOUSING-OCCUPANCY/VACANCY. LEVELS Document Ref. No. Description 121 For censustracts;not consider- ed reliable 123 Census;for census tracts 529 Census 530 Census 513 Occupancy rates and inventory of unsold condominium units; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties Not available Vacancy of single family homes 517 518 524 .Vacant units by tenure type; covers Dade, Broward and Monroe counties 510 Rental apartment occupancy; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties Unsold condominium units Time Period Covered 1974 1970 1970 1970 Issuued quarterly Issued quarterly 1976 Published annually Published annually Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X X x some some some X X Recommended For Reference Material x X X II 1 ql I I II 'R i 1111l1 11, 7191MI1NIPM!R'R4q III 520 �l E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 6(c)-HOUSING-RENTS/PRICES Document Ref. No. Description 510 Average rental rates and price paid for new and used condo- miniums; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties 511 Housing costs 513 Condominium prices by area; covers Dade, Broward and Palm Beach counties 514 Average prices for new and used homes and condominiums By neighborhood, plus projec- ted housing unit values 122 Census 123 Census; for census tracts 529 Census 530 Census 111 By race/ethnic origin of occu- pant; detailed information available from the City of Miami Planning Dept. 301 Housing costs 524 Housing values for Dade, Broward and Monroe counties Time Period Covered Published annually 1971-76 Issued quarterly Published quarterly 1976;1985 1970 1970 1970 1970 1975 1976 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available X some X x X X X some some Recommended For Reference Material X X E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 7 -INSTITUTIONAL USE -FLOOR SPACE Document Ref. No. Description 501 By type; available through the City of Miami Planning Dept. Time Period Covered 1960,70,75 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available Recommended For Reference Material X 1 1 1 Document Time Ref. No. Description Period Covered 527 Inventory of marina facilitie 1978 with projections to 1985 E. LAND USE AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT FACTORS 8-RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami CotELt,y Counties Available Recommended For Reference Material 703 w Document Ref. No. Description 701 Sources of revenues and types of expenditures; millageand taxable value 702 Assessed value of property and exemptions, taxable values and millage (by county), taxes col- lected (by county) State revenues and expenditures taxes collected by County, by type, State distributions to counties, municipalities and school districts F. ECONOMIC AND FISCAL DATA 1. CITY FISCAL PERSPECTIVES Time Period Covered FY 1978-79; issued annually 1975-1978; issued annually FY 1978 Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available Recommended For Reference Material Document Ref. No. Description 702 Millage and taxes collected 816 Overview of Florida taxes on businesses, particularly for- eign banks; some comparative information; some data are dated because of changes in State legislation 704 Description of types of commercial taxes and business licenses required within the state. ► i a i i i F. ECONOMIC ANDFISCAL DATA 2. BUSINESS FISCAL PERSPECTIVES Time Period Covered 1977; new issue expected in August 1979 updated annually Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available State Total State Total Recommended For Reference Material X X Document Ref. No. 814 114 115 120 109 304 G FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILA[3tE FOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 1. FLOW OF FUNDS BY INDUSTRIAL SECTOR Description Estimate of economic base Labor and proprietors income, by type Percent of earnings contribute by each major industry categor Personal income by major indus try category Sources of personal income - Labor and proprietors income by major industry category - Labor and proprietors income by place of work, by indus- try category - Transfer payments by type 128 Sources of personal income; 510.50 charge for full computer print-out 815 E2rnings.by 2 digit industry as a of U.S. for major _etegories 306--_•-scnal.income, by source - rcor'e by major industr:a l Time Period Covered 1970 1972-1977; up- dated regular- ly 1976 1973-1977 1950, 1970, 1972 - 1972-1976 - 1975-1978 - 1976-1977 1972-1977; updated annu- ally 1960-2000 1966-76 1973-76 Sub -Areas, City of City of Dade Miami Miami County Other Florida Counties X x State total State total State total Other U.S. Locations Available State total X X State total US total X State total US total Recommended For Reference Material X Y. _eCerV 00 804 1 1 i ( 1 G. FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVABLE FOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 2. PRIVATE SOURCES OF FUNDS BY MAJOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Document Ref. No. Description 801 Balance sheet and operating data for commercial banks and trust companies, by bank 802 Balance sheet data for commer- cial banks, by bank 803 Balance sheet data for holding companies Total savings by branch for savings and loans 805 Balance sheet data for Federal Reserve member banks 806 Quarterly balance sheet data available from special com- puter runs. 807 Balance sheet and operating data for savings and loans by branch; small delivery charge 808 Balance sheet data for savings and loans by month - only available to member banks 113 Bank debits, deposits and loans Time Period Covered 1977; updated annually as of Dec 1978; issued regu- larly NA Sept. 1978; is- sued regularly 1978 available quarterly issued twice per year 1970-1977; issued peri- odically Sub -Areas, Other Other U.S. City of City of Dade Florida • Locations Miami Miami County Counties Available. X • X X X X X X X Recommended For Reference Material X - X X G. FINANCIAL RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 2. PRIVATE SOURCES OF FUNDS BY MAJOR FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS (cont'd) Document Ref. No. Description 809 Detailed assets, liabilities and income, expense data for FDIC banks 810 Detailed assets, liabilities and income, expense data for FDIC banks 811 Deta- iled deposit data for FDIC banks 812 Detailed assets, liabilities and income, expense data by individual banks; nominal charge 813 Type of deposit, by branch, FDIC banks; nominal charge 304 - Commercial bank loans and deposits - Insured commercial bank income and expenses - Savings and loans assets and liabilities 307 - Deposits in 7.ederal Reserve banks - Deposits art, 'sans, Federal Reserve ha .s Time Period Covered Dec. 1977; is- sued annually Dec. 1977; is- sued annually June 1978. past 10 years June 1978 - 1977 (update annually) - 1976(updatei annually) - 1977 (up- dated annually 1977-78; updated monthly Sub -Areas, City of Miami City of Dade Miami County Other Florida Counties State total X Selected SMSA's X some. Other U.S. Locations Available X Recommended For Reference Material III. DOCUMENT REFERENCE LIST 6 Inn 1i111M..a!! _ Document • Number DEMOGRAPHIC DATA SOURCES: 100's Name/Author or Agency 101 Population Projections Dade County Planning Department 102 Florida Facts Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development 103 1960-1970 Population of Dade County Dade County Planning Department 104 1978 Florida Estimates of Population University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research 105 106 Annual Population Estimates Dade County Planning Department Population Studies University of Florida, Bureau of Economic 'and Business Research 107 Estimate of Elderly Residential, Population Dade County Planning Department 108 Ethnic Breakdown by Census Tract Dade County Planning Department 109 Personal Income and Earnings in Miami Dade County Planning Department 110 Survey of Ethnic Characteristics of the Population Dade County Department of Human Resources 111 Annual Housing Survey: 1975 United States Department of Commerce and United States Department of Housing and Urban Development -83- 112 Population Estimates and Projections (P-25 and P-26 Series) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 113 Dade County Facts Dade County Planning Department 11^ Local Araa Personal Income, Volume 6,.Southeast Regio United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 116 117 113 Economic Indicators of Florida's 67 Counties Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development Transportation Planning Data Base Dade County Planning Department and Office of Transportation Administration Number of Inhabitants --Florida - United States Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census General Population Characteristics - Florida United States'Department of Commerce Bureau of the Census 119 Population Projections Southern Bell 120 Business and Economic Dimensions University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research 121 Profiles of Change 122 R. L. Polk and Company Metropolitan Housing Characteristics- Florida United States Department of Commerce Bureau' of the Census 123 Census Tracts - Miami Sh1SA United States Department of. Commor(. Bureau of the Census -84- 124 Housing Plan, Miami Metropolitan Area Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department 125 Survey of Current Business United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis 126 127 128 • 1979 Kiplinger Forecast of Florida's Growth During the Next Ten Years - By Localities The Kiplinger Washington Editors, Inc. Regional Economic Projections Series: State and Metropolitan Growth Patterns, 1960-1990 National Planning Association Total Personal Income in SMSA's, Counties and Independent Cities in Selected Years University of Florida; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. -85- Document Number E:M LOY`!ENT •-\ND L i15CR F; RCE r A \ : On' s Name/Author or Agency 201 Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) Labor Market Trends - Miami/Dade County Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security 202 Characteristics of the Insured Unemployed Florida Department of Commerce Office of Research and Statistics 203 Area Wage Survey --Miami United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics 204 Miami SMSA - Annual Planners Informan Florida Department of Labor and E olooyment Security, Division of Employment Security 205 Florida Employment Directions ('74-185)-- Miami Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Employment Security 206 The Dade County Labor. Market Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination 207 Fourth Quarter 1978 Labor Market Information Review Florida Department of Labor and I ,jlloyni rit. Security, Division of Employment. r.irrr l y 208 Quarterly County Report on [:mhlrryment, dnrl Wages Covered by Florida Unemployment Compensation - Florida Department of Labor and I mplrryment Security, Division of Employment Security 209 Affirmative Action Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development -86- !!!MPNPPM! iiun!A 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 • ti Manpower Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development Eastern's Guide to the Florida Apparel Industry Florida Fashion Finders, Inc. Directory of Florida Industries Florida Chamber of Commerce Headquarters in Metropolitan Miami Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination' Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Directory and Buyer's Guide Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Occupational. Employment in Manufacturing Industries in Florida Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Employment Security Occupational Employment in Non -manufacturing Industries in Florida Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Employment Security Employment in the Miami (Metropolitan Area 1970-1990 Dade County Planning Department •-87- County Business Patterns United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Job Bank Frequently Listed Openings United States Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration Opportunities in Joint Ventures and Licensing Florida Department of Commerce 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 • L`1 . Computer Data Base of Major Employers Dade County Planning Department, Research Division Dade County's Major Employers Dade County 0ffice.of Economic Develop- ment Coordination Annual Report on Non -Agricultural Wage and Salary Employment United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Wholesale Trade, 1972 - Florida - Area Statistics U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 1972 Census of Selected Service Industries - Florida U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Largest Manufacturing, Mining, Research Development Firms, in Florida Employing 200 or More (Florida Facts) Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development Florida's Fifty Largest Employers with their Corporate Headquarters (Florida Facts) Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development City Business License Records City of Miami Treasury Department 229 Labor Force Summary Florida Department of Labor and I mploymt.n1. Securi ty,0ffi ce of Res(!arf:h .rnd -88- IIII4IIAlAA11 �eAlteA 230 231 1979 U.S. Industrial Outlook, with Projections to 1983 for 200 Industries U.S. Department of Commerce, Industry and Trade Administration Employment Projections Program U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics 232 .Employment by Type and Broad Industrial Sources 1972-77. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis 233 Industry and Occupational Outlook for the Southeast U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics 234 Journey to Work U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census ti 235 Travel -to -Work Supplement to the 1975 Annual Housing Survey • U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census -89- Document Number GENERAL DATA: 300's Name/Author or Agency 301 Comprehensive Development Master Plan for Metropolitan Dade County, Florida, and Annual Reports and Revisions Dade County Planning Department 302 Detailed Characteristics of the Population -- Florida U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 303 General Social and Economic Characteristics -- Florida U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 304 Florida Statistical Abstract 1978 University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research 305 Greater Miami Has... Greater Miami, Inc. 306 Dade County Economic Data Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development 307 Data Handbook Economic Society of South Florida, Inc. -90- I II I III IlIII �A 111 111�!!I Document Number 401 402 ECONOMIC INDICATORS: 400's Name/Author or Agency Sales Tax Totals by Kind within County Reported, 1977 University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research Area Statistics, 1972 - Florida (U.S. Census of Retail Trade) United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 403 Major Retail Centers in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 1972 -- Florida United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 404 405 406 407 • Annual Survey of Manufacturing Statistics: for States, SMSA's, Large Industrial Counties and Selected Cities, 1976 United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Survey of Buying Power Sales and Marketing Management Building Permit Activity in Florida University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research 1972 Census of Selected Service Industries: Hotels, Motels, Trailerina Parks and Camps United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census -91- Document Number ECONOMIC INDICATORS: 400's Name/Author or ,Agency 408 Highlights of U.S. Export and Import Trade (FT 990) 409 410 U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census EA 663 - Customs District of Exportation by Schedule B# by Country of Destination and Method of Transportation U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census EA 664 - Customs District of Exportation by Schedule B# by Commodity and by Method of Transportation U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 411 U.S. Waterborne Exports and General Imports U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 412 U.S. Airborne Exports and General Imports U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census -92- • • Document Number 501 502 503 LAND USE: 500's Name/Author or Agency City of Miami Urban Information System City of Miami Planning Department Market Data - Improved Properties Dade County Industrial Development Authority Dade County Industrial and Office Parks Metropolitan Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination 504 Inventory of Vacant Industrial Land in Dade County Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department 505 Greater Miami Office Space Survey Moss/Fleming Company 506 National Office Space Survey Howard Ecker & Company 507 Office Survey for Greater Miami Area Clark -Biondi Company 508 Survey of Downtown Office Buildings Downtown Development Authority 509 Dodge Reports F.W. Dodge Division, McGraw-Hill Information Systems Company 510 Economic and Real Estate Report for South Florida City Mortgage Corporation 511 Housing Supply in Dade County Reinhold P. Wolff Economic Research, Inc. -93- 512 Realistat-feat Estate Statistics Matthews and Aydelotte, Inc. 513 Quarterly Apartment Survey - Southeast Florida Reinhold P. Wolff Economic Research, Inc. 514 Real Estate Sales - Dade County Charles Kimball; Miami Herald 515 Second Homes in Dade County Research Division, Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department 516 Housing Survey, Dade County Southern Bell 517 First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami Housing Data. 518 0n-the-Market First Federal Savings and Loan 519 Golden Eagle First Federal Savings and Loan 520 Miami Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan, 1976-1986; Technical Report and Technical Appendix: Economic Wallace, McHarg, Roberts and Todd; Hunter Moss and Company; Gladstone Associates; the City of Miami Planning Department 521 Survey of Downtown Hotels Downtown Development Authority 522 Regional Market Potential The Kaiser Transit Group 523 Economic Analysis, Civic Center Secondary Development Area, Miami, Flnridd Hammer, Siler, George Associdti» -94- 534 Florida Lodging Industry, 1978 Laventhal & Horwath 535 Greater Miami Hotel and Motel Association Members Greater Miami Hotel and Motel Association 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 Regional Housing Market Analysis: Technical - Report Update South Florida Regional Planning Council Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Project Survey Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Survey of Downtown Projects Downtown Development Authority Comprehensive Marina Development Study Greenleaf/Telesca Compendium of Available Buildings Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development General Housing Characteristics - Florida U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Detailed Housing Characteristics -Florida U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 531 Survey of Industrial Markets; Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties 532 Coldwell Banker Surveys of Office and Retail Markets; Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties Coldwell Banker 533 Development Pending in Brickell Area City of Miami, Planning Department -96- III1!II11II!' '!@w1 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING: 600's Document Number 601 Labor Market Analysis FIU Center for Labor Research 602 A Compilation of Labor Market Data FIU Center for Labor Research 603 CETA Placement Programs FIU Center for Labor Research 604 CETA Placement System Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination 605 CETA Training Programs CETA 606 Opportunities For Work in Principal Areas of Florida Florida Department of Labor and Employment Bureau of Employment Services 607 The Career Book Miami -Dade Community College 608 Vocational and Adult Education Year End Report Dade County Public Schools; Division of Vocational and Adult Education -97- Document Number 609 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING: 600's Schools Licensed by the State Board of Independent Postsecondary Vocational, Technical, Trade and Business Schools Department of Education; State Board of Independent Postsecondary Vocational, Technical, Trade and Business Schools 610 Course Ratio Dade County Public Schools; Division of Vocational and Adult Education 611 Occupational Outlook Handbook, 1978-79 Edition U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics 612 Occupational Projections and Training Data -98- U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Document Number 701 ECONOMIC AND FISCAL DATA: 700's Name/Author and Agency City of Miami Annual Budget, Fiscal Year 1978-79 City of Miami Department of Management and Budget 702 Florida Ad Valorem Valuations and Tax Data Florida Department of Revenue 703 Annual Report of the Comptroller Gerald A. Lewis, Florida Comptroller 704 Guidebook to Florida Taxes and Licensing Requirements Florida Department of Revenue, Taxpayer Assistance Section -99- Document Number FINANCIAL DATA: 800's Name/Author or Agency 801 Annual Report of the Division of Banking, 1977 Comptroller, State of Florida 802 Comparative Figures Report Florida Bankers Association 803 Florida Banking Structure Florida Bankers Association 804 Branch Office Study Federal Home Loan Bank 805 Statement of Condition of Sixth District Member Banks Federal Reserve - Atlanta 806 Special Reports from Report of Condition Reports Federal Reserve - Atlanta 807 Federal Home Loan Bank data for Savings and Loans 808 Florida Savings and Loan League data on Savings and Loans 309 Bank Operating Statistics 1977 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 810 Assets and Liabilities - Commercial and Mutual Savings Banks - December 31, 1977 and 1977 PA:pr.rt. of Income Federal Deposit insurance Corporation -100- IIIRQ!1I1!IIIuI I1919 • 811 Summary of Deposits: In all commercial and mutual savings banks Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation � 812 Reports of Condition and Reports of Income Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 813 Deposit Data Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 814 Metropolitan Miami: A Demographic Overview William W. Jenna, Jr. 815 Earnings by Industry U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Analysis Division 815 A Guide to Florida and Miami for Foreign Banking Institutions Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company -101- IV. DATA CATALOG EVALUATION SET 101 Title: Population Projections Metropolitan Dade County Census Tracts and Statistical Areas 1970-1985-2000 Author/Agency: Research Division/Metropolitan Dade Planning Department Date: March 1978/Reviewed every year, but not necessarily.revised. General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Population projections for all of Dade County, including Miami. (1) Population Projections for 1985 and 2000 by statistical areas (grouping of tracts). (2) Developable land, zoning, etc. (3) Descriptions of types of development already in areas. 1970-2000 (1) Consistency a) Based on 1970 Census b) Assumes trends will continue c) Takes median between maximum and minium growth expectations. (2) Relevancy: Very useful information in considering growth potentials;. helpful guidelines on amount of growth to expect (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from county for $1.50. (4) Comprehensiveness Thorough/use with updated zoning map (5) Accuracy/Quality: a) Changes in projections from '76 to '78 review explained.- every area has needed same adjustment ususally +/- 9 - 12,000- in population areas of 50 - 100,000." Most accurate for downtown sections -- already developed -102- 102 Title: Florida Facts Author/Agency: Department of Commerce (Florida), Division of Economic Development Date: Published at irregular intervals General A variety of demographic and economic information Description: published by other agencies. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation:` (1) Personal Income -total and per capita 1975-76. (2) Population 1970-1985 by County (3) Employment & Payroll by county 1977 - manufacturing (4) Non-agricultural Employment by industry, 1972 and 1978 (5) Retail sales by county, 1976 - 77 Varies (1) Consistency: Based on Federal and official State figures (2) Timeliness: Provides updates each time information is available. (3) Relevancy: Information available from other sources. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Call: State Department of Commerce Division of Economic Development - will send (5) Comprehensiveness: Limited (6) Accuracy/Quality: -103- Illlll!4A!I'!uII!iI pI11R111lI11�l�AI!�!ISRI 103 Title: 1960-1970 Population of Dade County Census Tracts and Median Income: Blacks, Spanish-American Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department Date: General Description: Four Parts - Including median income for population in each tract; median income by tract of blacks and Spanish-Americans Type of Data: Time Period Covered:' Evaluation: (1) Total # of residents within each tract in 1960 & 1970 (2) Total # of black residents within each tract in 1960 & 1970 (3) Total # of Spanish-American residents within each tract in 1970 (4) Median income within each tract & change from 1960-1970 (5) Median income for black residents - 1970 (6) Median income for Spanish-American residents - 1970 1960-1970 (1) Consistency: This is the basis for estimated population made by the state; figures agree with census data (2) Timeliness: Dated; new 1980 census figures expected by 1982 (3) Relevancy: Using tract map - can show median income for areas of the city as well as cultural patterns - locate low income communities (4) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from Metropolitan Dade Library Planning Department - 25t each part. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. Covers all census tracts. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Most accurate figures available but several years old -104- 104 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of,Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1978 Florida Estimates of Population University of Florida; Population Division- Bureau of Economics and Business Research. (Released) February 1979; issued annually Population statistics (1) Trends in population growth (2) Estimates of 1978 population by county & municipality (3) Population change by county, metro areas and planning districts between 1960 & 1978 (4) Components of change by county: natural or migration between 1970 & 1978 (5) Ranking of counties and cities by population in 1960, 1970 and 1978 (6) Population density by county in 1960, 1970 and 1978 (7) U.S. and Florida percent of population by sex and age (8) Age distribution for each county (9) Map showing growth in each county Varies: earliest, 1950; latest, 1978 (1) Consistency: Official state figures - vary by 35,000 from the Dade Planning Department total '78 estimate (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Updated annually in February for July estimate ; 1980 edition will come out in April. Little specific to Dade County; analysis helpful but limited; good overview of state population (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: $7.50 each (or $5.00 with subscription to Population Studies); Call (904)-392-0171. (5) Comprehensiveness: Little information on character, income, etc. of population - supplied elsewhere. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Based on a sample survey of permanent house- holds times estimated µ of people per house- • hold. Agrees with. Florida Facts official state agency figures. . . -105- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 105 Annual Population Estimate Metropolitan Dade Planning Department Released each fall; latest, October 10, 1978 Charts and analysis of Dade County population growth from 1950 to 1978 (1) Population growth in last year (April '77-March '78) (2) Population increase for each year from 1950 to 1978, including components of chance (3) Birth & death rates/year 1950-1978 (4) Growth of Hispanic vs. non-latin population (1) April 1, 1977 through March 1978 (2) 1950 - 1978 (1) Consistency: Total population figure of 1,528,000 is 35,000 greater than state estimate of Dade population.Dade figure includes adjustment for group housing (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: More timely than other sources; updated regularly Relates growth to unemployment rate in analysis; good indication of growth trends; concentrates on Dade County (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: 25a from Dade Planning (50d by mail) (5) Comprehensiveness: Highly specialized - just Dade County population growth figures (6).Accuracy/Quality: Possible weakness - used Spanish surnames, in phone book to estimate Latin Population Anglo names for non -Latins. -106- Title: Author/Agency: General Description: Date: Type of Data: Evaluation: 106 Population Studies University of Florida -Division of Population Studies Bureau of Economic and Business Research Distribution by race, sex and age of population in each County. Published in spring and summer months, each year (1) Population estimates for 1978 by County for: a) white, non -white females; b) white, non -white males; c) in ane groups: 0-14; 15-24; 25-44; 45-64; 65+ and 18+ (2) 1978-2020 Population Projections (3) Number of households and average household size in Florida. (4) 1980 -. 2020 projections of Florida population by County. (1) Timeliness: Most recent data are for 1978; updated each summer (2) Relevancy: Limited use (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Published in spring and summer months; set of 4 is $10 or $3 each; bought with Florida Estimates is S5. Call 904-392-0171 (4) Comprehensiveness: Statewide information provided elsewhere (5) Accuracy/Quality: Uses official state figures estimates from 1970 census. -107- 1111111I I I IR!I! !lPUI s 107 Title: Estimate of Elderly Resident Population of Dade County, 65 years of age and over as of June 30, 1975 Author/Agency: Research Division/Metropolitan Dade Planning Department Date: September 1976 - no update planned. General Description: Number of elderly residents in each census tract. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Count of elderly (65+) residents in each census tract. Estimated for June, 1975 (1) Timeliness: Dated - estimated for June 1975 (2) Relevancy: Use with other census tract information in characterizing sectors of city. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from Dade County Planning Depart- ment Library for 50d (more by mail) (4) Comprehensiveness: Only one piece of data (5) Accuracy/Quality: Questionable - used social security records with allowances for inelegible Latins (immigrants) -108- 108 Title: Ethnic Breakdown by Census Tract Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department Date: December, 1975 - no update planned General Description: Housing and ethnic population by tract in Dade County; figures derived from 1970 census Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Housing and Black, Latin, and White population for each tract 1970 - 1974 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Estimated for 1974 Duplicates other figures (3) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from County: 50t. (4) Comprehensiveness: Very specific (5) Accuracy/Quality: Figures based on 1970 census and tax records - accuracy questionable -109- 109 Title: Personal Income and Earnings in Miami - Metropolitan Area Anaaysis, Author/Agency: Metropolitan -Dade Planning Department Date: November, 1974 - no update planned General Description: Source of income for Miami residents compared to income sources of populations of similar sized cities; analysis and charts Type of Data: (1) Chart comparing per -capita income of Miami, U.S. and 13 other similar -sized cities from 1950 - 1972 (2),Chart comparing aysources income for Miami residents andnational average of sources. Evaluation: (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Poor -data from 1972 Reflects economic changes; basis for Miami economy:points up differences between Miami and similar -sized cities (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: 50t from County Planning Library (4) Comprehensiveness: Not in-depth but provides overview of economy (5) Accuracy/Quality: Difficult to interpret; dated information -110- 110 Title: Survey of Ethnic Characteristics of the Population Author/Agency:. Dade County Department of Human Resources 1 General Description: Covers 18 community development areas,mostly low income Type of Data: (1) Population by ethnic group Time Period Covered: Fiscal Year ending September 1978 Evaluation: (1) Comprehensiveness: Covers approximately 25% of County households (2) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Copies not available Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: 111 Annual Housing Survey: 1975 Miami Si1SA U.S. Department of Commerce; (Census Bureau) U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development,(0ffice of Policy Development and Research.) August, 1977 Characteristics of owners,renters; characteristics of housing (size, price, etc.) Type of Data: (By race, Spanish origin, total): (1) Number of types of housing, 1970 - 1975 (2) Characteristics of occupants (3) Neighborhood quality (including: services available, size of home, condition) (4) Financial characteristics of housing inventory (home value, mortgage status, income of household head) Time Period Covered: Evaluation: • 1975 (1) Timeliness: Survey done in 1975-somewhat out of date but most recent comprehensive data available (2) Relevancy: Good indication of quality of housing available and characteristics of residents (3) Comprehensiveness: -Unit considered vacant if resident with usual place of residence is elsewhere; seasonal units excluded -A great deal of information is prodvided in the published document; additional detail available from the City of Miami Planning Dept. (4) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office; nominal charge (5) Consistency: Generally consistent with other census data -112- 112 Title: Population Estimates and Projections Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: January, 1979 General Description: 1976 population estimates; 1975 and 1974 revised per - capita income estimates Type of Data: (1) Per -capita income and population by County and municipality in states - 1970, 1976 Time Period Covered: 1969 - 1976 Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Per capita income estimates more. than $1000 lower than figures in Florida Facts. Florida Facts figures came from U.S. Department of Commerce (2) Timeliness: Fairly current (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Part of subscription package costing 540 Single copy is 90t from: U.S. Government Printing Office (4) Accuracy/Quality: From Bureau of Census - Official figures but estimates based on sample survey -113- 1IDV4UII!l1111191!!!!IR!!#A!!M1!1 11 Title: Author/Agency; Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 113 Dade County Facts Research Division/Dade County Planning Department May, 1978 Statistical information about Dade County. (1) Population: by race and ethnic group; by urban area; compared to number of housing units. (2) Housing: housing stock 1960, 1970 and 1975; home sales. (3) Income: personal.; by source; per capita; by. family. (4) Labor: Number of large employers; number employed by each type of industry; unemploy- ment rate; number of establishments and annual payroll. (5) Financial - Bank deposits, debits; retail sales; Florida price level index; sales of gas and electricity; local government budget. (6) Miscellaneous - School enrollment; number of motor vehicle tags. Varies by type of information; range - 1900-1977. (1). Consi.stency: Consistent with other publications (informa- tion taken from other publications - no original research ) including #114 - Local Area Personal Income. (2) Timeliness: Some information is dated, e.g., "Distribution of Family Income" provided for years 1959 and 1969 only. (3) Relevancy: Good quick reference. (4) (5) (6) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: From Dade County Planning Department. Comprehensiveness: No explanations or analyses --quick overview. Accuracy/Quality: All information taken from other sources, primarily United States Census and State Department of Commerce. -114- 114 Title: Local Area Personal Income, Vol. 6 Southeast Region Author/Agency: Date: General Description: United States Department of Commerce 1978 Sources of income for residents by County in Florida (and 6 other Southeastern states) Type of Data: Sources of income for residents; labor and proprietors' income; by type. Time Period Covered: 1972-1977 Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Used as a source for state publications -- is consistent with them. .(2) Timeliness: Updated annually. (3) Relevancy: Indication of where money in an area comes from--e.g., generated here, retirement, etc. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for a nominal price from National Technical Informatics Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161 and from the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. (5) Comprehensiveness: No explanation of information provided - difficult to read. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Best available for this type of data. -115- 115 Title: Economic Indicators of Florida's 67 Counties Author/Agency: Florida Department of Commerce; Division of Economic Development Date: November, 1978. General Description: Population, income and employment figures. Type of Data: (1) Population change and density. (2) Growth resulting from migration. (3) Per capita income change, 1970-1976. (4) Percent of income by type of industry. (5) Per capita sales and use tax collected. (6) Employment: Percent working outside county; unemployment; manufacturing vs. non-agricultural. (7) Poverty level families; percent of population receiving welfare. Time Period Covered: 1970-1977. Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Agrees with Florida Estimates of Population within a fraction of a percent as to 1977 population. (2) Timeliness: Up to July, 1977. (3) Relevancy: Lists figures for all counties - comparison. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. (5) Comprehensiveness: Figures not broken down within Dade County. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Figures based on United States Census Bureau information and estimates by University of Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research. -116- Title: Author/Agency: 116 Transportation Planning Data Base Metropolitan Dade County Office of Transportation Administration and Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department. Date: Revised 1977; basic data from 1975. General Description: Socioeconomic projections for Dade County by traffic zone. Type of Data: (1) Population (2) Dwelling Units (3) Employment (4) Hotel/motel units Time Period Covered: To the year 2000. Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Consistent with the Dade County Comprehensive Development Master Plan. (2) Timeliness: Most data are 4-5 years old. Now working on an update for 1978 - some of these data should be available in the next several months. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: May be accessible through Dade County Planning or Office of Transportation Administration. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Accuracy/quality considered fair. Data for sub -areas in particular are of questionable validity. -117- 1 II 1111 I11111 I III A11111111II!1!1 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: 117 Number of Inhabitants - Florida United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census July, 1971. Summary population characteristics for Florida, cities, counties, SMSA's and congressional districts. (.1) Population (2) Land area (3) Population by type of residence Time Period Covered: 1970 Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other United States Census Bureau data (2) Timeliness: Most recent - 1970 data. Next issue - 1980 data. (3) Relevancy: Limited; population data only. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the United States Government Print- ing Office for 45t. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good, for population data. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -118- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 118 General Population Characteristics - Florida United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census August, 1971 General population characteristics for Florida, SMSA's, and cities. For population, 1970: (1) Race characteristics (2) Sex (3) Age Characteristics (4) Household/family characteristics 1970 (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other United States Census Bureau data. (2) Timeliness: Most recent 1970 data. Next issue will be 1980 data. (3) Relevancy: Good information for background purposes, but dated. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the United States Government Printing Office, $1.25 charge. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -119- Title: 119 Author/Agency: Southern Bell Date: General Description: Projections of population and households for Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: • (1) Population projections (2) Household projections (3) Second hone projections N/A (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not available to the public 120 Title: Business and Economic Dimensions - Fall, 1978 Author/Agency: University of Florida/Bureau of Economic and Business Research Date: Fall, 1978 General Description: Information varies from one issue to the next. Fall 1978: Florida Personal Income; analysis and figures. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Total personal and per capita income by U.S. and Florida SMSA's and Miami SMSA's (2) Personal income from selected (3) Changes in personal and per capita incomes 1975 - 78 (1) Consistency: Generally consistent with "Local Area Personal Income" - (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Recent data Most information is for whole state, rarely specific to Miami (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Subscription is $8.00/year. From: Bureau of Economic and Business Research (5) Comprehensiveness: Information varies by issue (see relevancy) (6) Accuracy/Quality: (see Consistency) -121- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description:. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 121 Profiles of Change, Miami R.L. Polk and Company, Urban Statistical Division 431 Howard Street, Detroit, Michigan 48231 1974-1975 Demographic, Housing and Commercial Statistics by Census Tract (1) Demographic - Population and Household Characteristics including income and occupation,average size,components of change (2) Housing - Inventory, Tenure, Occupancy, Move -Ins and P1ove- Outs, vacancies (3) Commercial - Inventory of firms by the following general SIC categories;Durable and non -durable manufacturing retail, professional, business and personal services and other non -manufacturing. Also shows turnover of commercial firms. Inventory of Commercial units and change of occupants. 1974 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Not consistent with census and other sources. Good in that an inter census period is covered; however, data are 4 to 5 years old. Fair. Demographic and housing information not reliable, but commercial information may be of some use. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: City contracted for study. It is fairly costly. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Generally not considered reliable. -122- 122 Title: Metropolitan Housing Characteristics - 1970 Census of Housing Author/Agency: U.S. Bureau of Census: U.S. Department of Commerce Date: May, 1972 General Description: Data for Miami SMSA - Broken down for Hialeah, Miami Beach and Miami. Type of Data: (1) Financial - value of homes, rent, sales price and rent asked. Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (2) Demographic - Income of occupants, characteristics of occupants (race, ethnic origin, etc.) (3) Quality of housing - e.g. plumbing available, etc. 1969-1970. Next issue will cover 1979-80. (1) Timeliness: Out-of-date - Based on information col- lected in 1969-1970 (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U. S. Government Printing Office for $1.00 (3) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -123- 123 Title: Census Tracts Miami SMSA Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce,Census Bureau Date: March 1972 General Description: Housing and Population Characteristics by census tract Type of Data: (1) Population characteristics: race, age, employment, ethnic heritage, education, marital status, income (2) Housing characteristics: occupancy, tenure, financial factors, quality Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1970; next issue will cover 1980 (1) Timeliness: Out-of-date: new census in 1980 (2) Relevancy: Can break information into segments for sections of city and get description of neighborhoods (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. GPO (Government Printing Office)for $2.00 (4) Comprehensiveness: Very comprehensive (5) Accuracy/Quality: xcellent 124 Title: Housing Plan, Miami Metropolitan Area Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department Date: March 1978 General Description: Type of Data: (1) Population, by race and ethnic background, 1975-1980-1985 (2) Households, by race and ethnic background, 1975-1980-1985 (3) Household characteristics, 1975 (from Annual Housing Survey (4) Household income distribution, 1985 (5) Housing unit characteristics, 1975 (from Annual Housing Survey) and 1971-1976 (from Housing Supply in Dade County) Time Period Covered: 1975-1976, 1980, 1985 Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Data are consistent with other Dade County projections (2) Timeliness: Historical data are 3-4 years old (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for $2.00 from Dade County Planning •(5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: Projections are of limited validity -125- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: • 125 Survey of Current Business U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis April, each year Personal income, per capita personal income by county (1) Total personal income (2) Per capita personal income (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Consistent with other U.S. Department of Commerce data Excellent. Published in each year's April issue, except for 1978 which was published in June. The 1979 April issue will be avail- able in May 1979. (3) Relevancy: Limited - no data for City of M•liami (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from GPO for a small charge (5) Comprehensiveness: Good (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -126- 126 Title: 1979 Kiplinger Forecast of Florida's Growth During the Next Ten Years - By Localities Author/Agency:' The Kiplinger Washington Editors, Inc. Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1979 Pictorial (map) and numerical display of demographic projections for the State by County (1) Estimated population, January 1, 1979 (2) Projected population, January 1, 1934, 89 1979, 1984, 1989 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Very recent Limited; population data only (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Kiplinger Washington Editors, 1729 H Street, Northwest Washington, D. C. 20006 for $2.00 each. Free for subscribers to the Kinlinger Florida Letter (4) Comprehensiveness: Limited - Counties only (5) Accurcay/Quality: Good -127- 127 Title: Regional Economic Projections Series: State and Metropolitan Growth Patterns 1960 - 1990 Author/Agency: National Planning Association Date: 1979; published annually General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Population, 1960, 75, 90, Miami SMSA (2) Per capita income, 1960, 75, 90, Miami SMSA (3) Employment, 1960, 75, 90, Florida 1960-1990 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Very good - 1978 data now on tape and will be published this summer Limited; population, per capita income, and total employment data only - no data for City of Miami (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from NPA for $1,250 annual subscription fee (4) Comprehensiveness: . Data for County only; no breakdowns for Miami ami City (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good -128- III 11111111111111111111.1111111111 128 Title: Total Personal Income in SMSA's Counties and Independent Cities, In Selected Years Author/Agency: University of Florida; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis Date Updated annually General Description: Total and per capita income, 1969 - 1977 -- covers Florida counties. Type of Data: (1) Total personal income, 1969-1977 (2) Per capita personal income, 1969-1977 (3) Per capita income percent of national average, 1969-1977 (4) Population, 1969-1977 (5) Sources of personal income 1972-1977, U.S.,Florida, and Florida SMSA's, counties Time Period Covered Covered: 1969-1977 Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Data are from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2) Timeliness: Most recent data currently available are for 1977. (3) Relevancy: Good background data on income flow of funds. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for $10.50 from the University of Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -129- 201 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: SMSA Labor Market Trends - by SMSA's in Florida Division of Employment Security; Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security. Published monthly Brief summary of local economic conditions; information slightly different for each SMSA (1) Unemployment figures for each industry & market area (2) Hours and earnings for each industry & market area (3) Turnover for each industry& market area (4) Analysis of trends (5) Unemployment compensation claims Most recent and last month plus 12 month average (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Data consistent with U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Data; based on CPS sample survey results. Updated monthly - most timely infor- mation available (covers past month). Up to date report on economic conditions. Use to compare Miami with other areas. Use to update figures in annual reports. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free:order for all cities from: Florida Division of Employment Security (904) 488-5004. (5) Comprehensiveness: Intended as a brief summary - use with more indepth material. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Information volunteered - may be skewed Data for months not considered accurate; adjustments made at end of each year. -130- 202 Title: Characteristics of the Insured Unemployed Author/Agency: Office of Research Statistics; Florida Department of Commerce. Date: Published monthly. General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered:. Evaluation: Tables and explanation with statistics and description of those filing for unemployment compensation - Statewide - not specific to Miami. (1) Type of information varies from one month to next (2) Industry trends - increases, decreases in unem- ployment (3) Breakdown by county of unemployed by sex, ethnic backgrounds (4) Breakdown by industry and age of unemployed Some past issues available;at least through 1978. (1) Timeliness: Good - monthly. (2) Relevancy: Is statewide - County Statistics not broken down by industry. Labor Market Trends more useful - also monthly. (3) Accessibility/Cost/ Delivery: Can be put on mailing list by Florida Department of Commerce. Free. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Based just on those filing for unemployment. Excludes many coming into state or whose unemployment has run out. -131- 203 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Area Wage Survey Miami Metro Area (10-78) U.S. Department of Labor; Bureau of Labor Statistics February 1979 - updated annually. Wages Paid various categories of workers in Miami area. A.For all establishments and for establishments of 500 + employees: (1) Weekly earnings of various categories of workers (2) Weekly earnings of office, professional and technical workers by sex (3) Hourly earnings of workers paid by the hour (4) Hourly earnings by sex (5) Increases in wages B.Other information: (6) Entrance level pay for typists and clerks (7) Late shift pay. provisions (8) Number of hours/week worked (9) Benefits - vacation;health and life insurance 1977 - 1978 (available for previous years) (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Most recent issue covers up to October, 1978; updated annually. Good information on wages and salaries. Less specific information on wages in- cluded in "Dade Labor Market". (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: $1.30 each. Write to Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402 (4) Comprehensiveness: Leaves out most professional workers; gov't and construction not included. Aggregates - finance, R.E. insurance and hotel -motel industry. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Based on interviews and surveys- high accuracy. Difficult to read. -132- 204 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data:. Evaluation: Miami SMSA - Annual Planning Information 1979 Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security Donald E. Hill, Florida State Employment Services (305-325-2665) May, 1978; published annually. Employment information by age, sex, race, job categories, types of industry for Miami SMSA; same information on Monroe County. (1) Economic development outlook - eco. indicators; eg: sales tax collected; resort tax (2) Population & Labor force characteristics & trends. (3) Employment by industry (4) Rate of growth; rate compared to U.S. (5) Employment by occupation - supply v. demand (6) Employment trends (7) Reasons for unemployment (8) Analysis of information w/ projections through 1985 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Duplicates much of information in "Dade County Labor Market" - figures obtained from same source. Updated annually, pr:parsd in May. Much valuable information on available labor force; existing industry- trends and causes of trends. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Readily available from State - Labor Market Information, 0fc of Research & Statistics (904-433-3004) Free. (5) Comprehensiveness: • Analysis not complete in explaining trends, projections and factors affecting trends. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Agrees w/ other publications- information derived from some source - Div. of Employment Security. -133- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: • 205. Florida Emplo ment Directions 1974-1985 Miami St1SA Office of Research and Statistics; Division of Employment Security; Department of Commerce. December, 1977 Employment projections by occupation and industry; population trends; charts and analysis (1) Employment by industry (detailed)with analysis (more specific than Annual Planning) (2) Employment distribution by occupation (3) Job opportunities 1974-1985 1974-1985 (1) Consistency: Uses same figures as "Annual Planning" and "Dade Labor Market" - Projections do not agree (in some cases difference in figures results from different definitions of categories). (2) Timeliness: Published irregularly; i ssueddsin1 970,1976 and 1977. Other timely. Has more detailed information than other (3) Relevancy: publications. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State Department of Commerce, Division of Employment Security, Office of Research and Statistics. (5) Comprehensiveness: Does not include labor force characteristics such as race and ethnic background. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Accuracy good. Sources of information include U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.. -134- 206 Title: The Dade County Labor Market Author/Agency: Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination Date: November, 1978 General Description: Analysis of labor market including labor pool, types of - jobs available, wages, hours worked and employment trends based on industry trends. Type. of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Unemployment for 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 (2) Average salaries by type of employer (3) Camparison of U.S. and Miami growth, 1967-1977 (4) Number employed and earnings by industry (5) Job opportunities by type of occupation including the 15 types with the most openings (6) Table of average job openings, including openings due to growth for each job type (7) Projections on job opportunities to 1985 1974-77 with projections to 1985 (1) Consistency: Most data taken from other published sources. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. (3) Accuracy/Quality: a) Based mostly on. Florida Department of Commerce statistics b) Projections are linear extensions of current trends. -135 ,207 Title: Fourth Quarter 1978 Labor Market Information Review. (For Dade County Author/Agency: State of Florida, Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security. Date: February 1979; Issued quarterly General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Miami SMSA manpower profile, labor force developments and analysis of labor supply and demand - data plus discussion. (1) Civilian labor force - 1978 (2) Non-agricultural wage and salary employment by major industries - 1978 (3) Unemployment - 1978 (4) Occupation profile (total vs. female) by race and ethnic origin - 1970 (5) Miami SMSA - employment service activity by Florida State - 4th quarter 1978 - by occupation - applicants active, job openings received, job openings filled (6) Claims f,r1unemploylent compensation by major SIC, by 1974-1978 (1) Consistency: Employment data reflect only covered employment- employment in establishments covered by state and federal unemploy- ment laws. Inconsistent with U.S. Census of Business data. (2) Timeliness: Data prepared d quarterly - most recent data pr (3) Relevancy: Data are very useful for county level analysis. No data available for City of Miami. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Data are accessible, in printed from, free from the issuing agency. (5) Comprehensiveness: Employment data reflect covered employment only. Occupational data on supply and de- mand reflect listings with the Miami SMSA FSES Offices. (Continued . . .) -136- 207 (continued) (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data are considered accurate but not fully comprehensive. -137- 208 Title: Quarterly (and yearly) County Report on Employment and Wages Covered Under the Florida Unemployment Compensa- tion Law, State of Florida, Dade County Author/Agency: State of Florida, Department of Labor and Employment Security, Division of Employment Security, Office of Research and Analysis Date: Published quarterly General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Data only, no description, discussion or analysis (1) Number of establishments 3-digit SIC (2) Monthly employment 3-digit SIC (3) Total wages 3-digit SIC Each year up to 1977 and quarterly thereafter (1) Consistency: Reflects covered. employment only (employment in establishments covered by state and federal unemployment laws). Data are therefore inconsistent with U.S. Census of Business data. (2) Timeliness: Data recent rdata eare d aapproximately ch quarter - mone year old. (3) Relevancy: Data are very useful for County level analysis. No data available for City of Miami. (4) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Data are accessible, in printed form, for free, from the issuing agency. (5) Comprehensiveness: Data reflect only covered employment -- excluded are primarily agricultural, rail- road, local government, domestic, and self- employed workers. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data are considered generally reliable -- collected by State Unemployment Compensa- tion officials from monthly reports sub- mitted by firms and non-profit establish- ments. -138- (Continued . . 208 (continued) (7) Other/Comments: Data are confidential and therefore not released in instances where so few reporting units are contained in. a given category that data would be representative of individual estab- lishment performance. -139- 209 Title: Affirmative Action - Miami SMSA Author/Agency: Office of Research and Statistics/State Department of Commerce Date: 1978 General Description: Employment data for race, sex, ethnic groups in Miami SMSA Type of Data: (1) Percentage of population and labor force in each minority group 2) Minority unemployment figures (3) Occupations or last occupation of minorities divided by municipalities: Miami, Coral Gables, Hialeah, Miami Beach Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1970-1978 (1) Timeliness: Data are as recent as 1978. (2) Relevancy: Related information provided in other publications not as in-depth (see com- prehensiveness below). (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State Department of Commerce. (4) Comprehensiveness: Limited to minority information. Probably age and skill of workers would have more relevance. -140- 210 Title: Manpower Author/Agency: Division of Economic Development; Florida Department of Commerce. Date: After March, 1978 General Description: Promotional piece on advantages of locating a business in Florida - deals with state as a whole; not broken down to Miami. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Comparison of state with other states on: a) population in "prime working age" b) growth in non-agricultural employment c) percent labor union membership d) median education e) percent time lost because of strike. f) cost per worker 1970-1978 (1) Relevancy: Stresses lore -cost labor pool (see comprehensiveness) (2) Comprehensiveness: Does not deal with Miami - just state as a whole. (3) Accuracy/Quality: Florida Department of Commerce and U.S. Department of Labor are source of most information - data presented in a way intended to show low cost of doing bus- iness in Florida. -141- 211. Title: Eastern's Guide to the Apparel Industry Author/Agency: Eastern Airlines - Florida Fashion Finders, Inc. Date: 1979 General Description: Mostly ads for clothing stores and outlets. Type of Data: (1) List of clothing outlets (2) Maps showing location of each store Time Period Covered: Evaluation: N/A (1) Timeliness: Annual publication. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Florida Fashion Finders, Inc., 3401 Northwest 36th Avenue Miami, Florida 33142 -142- Phone: 635-1801 212 Title: Directory of Florida Industries Author/Agency: Florida Chamber of Commerce Date: 1979 General Description: Statewide directory of manufacturing service firms by county. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Ranking by industry of number of establishments and employees (2) Number of establishments in state for each industry (3) List of firms and brief description of business (4) Alphabetical listing - number of employees by sex (5) Listing of companies by type of industry N/A (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Issued annually. Good data on specific companies operating in the State. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: By mail: $32.50 from Florida Chamber of Commerce 311 South Calhoun Street Tallahassee, Florida 32301 (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers only manufacturing industries; voluntary response. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data that are included are. based on voluntary company submissions. -143- 213 Title: Headquarters in Metropolitan Miami Author/Agency: Office of Economic Development Coordination - Dade County Date: October, 1978 General Description: List of companies with domestic or international headquarters in the Miami Area and regional headquarters Type of Data: (1) Alphabetical list of companies including addresses and number of employees. Evaluation: • (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: From Dade County, Phone 571-3250. (2) Comprehensiveness: Leaves out many major employers because they are not headquarters. (3) Accuracy/QualityIs not complete. -144- 214 Title: Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Membership Directory and Buyers Guide Author/Agency: Chamber of Commerce Date: 1978-1979 General Description: List of Chamber members; offices - businesses Tyoe of Data: Evaluation: (1) Alphabetical list of companies (2) List of companies by type of product (1) Timeliness: Revised to September 1978; published annually. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: $200 for non-members. (3) Comprehensiveness: Excludes non -Chamber members. -145- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: • 215 Occupational Employment in Manufacturing Industries in Florida Division of Employment Security; Florida Department of Commerce June, 1978 Numbers employed in each occupation in State. (1) Number employed in each occupation by type of industry (2) List showing percent of total employed in each occupation June, 1977 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Survey done in 1977. Covers entire State of Florida; not broken down for Miami or Dade. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State Department of Commerce. (4) Comprehensiveness: Entire State; Numerical data only - no exolanation or analysis. Data based on mail survey. (5) Accuracy/Quality : Based on mail survey of manufacturing firms. -146- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: 216 Occupational Employment in Nonmanufacturing Industries in Florida February, 1977 Tables showing number of jobs in each occupation for selected non -manufacturing industries. (1) Numberof people employed in each occupation (2) Percent each occupation is of total employment (1) Timeliness: Being updated - supposed to he released this year. Information collected in spring, 1975 for 1977 edition. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State Department of Commerce. (3) Comprehensiveness: No analysis or explanation;covers entire State - not broken down for Miami or Dade County. Data based on mail and telephone survey. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Data collected by mail and telephone survey. -147- 217 Title: Employment in the Miami Metropolitan Area 1970-1990 Author/Agency: Research Division/Dade County Planning Department Date: May 1977 Type of Data: (1) 1980, 1990 Industry Employment Projections (2) Employment shifts 1970-1990 (3) Comparison of Dade and Broward - non-agricultural employment from 1965-1975 (4) Analysis of information and predictions Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1970-1990 (1) Consistency: Based on Denartment�of CoS. nrmrercesus nFloridad data. (2) Timeliness: Dated; not scheduled for regular updating. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery:, Available from Dade County Planning Department librarian: Phone 579-2826. (4) Comprehensiveness: Employment figures refer to "Miami Economic Area": Nine counties in addition to Dade County. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Based on U.S. Census and State Department of Commerce Information. -148- 218 Title: County Business Patterns 1976 Author/Agency: U.S.Department of Commerce Date: Published annually General Description: Number of employees and payroll by type of industry for state and counties Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Percent distribution of payroll and employment by type of industry for state (2) Number of employees and payroll by type of industry for the state (3) Number of employees and payroll for each industry by county (includes size of establishment) • 1976; updated annually (1) Consistency: Covered employment only -as with State employment data. . (2) Timeliness:Most recent is 1976 - published yearly. (3) Relevancy: Indication of size of businesses and how many employees they can support; how much pay- roll they contribute to local economy. No Data for city of Miami. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Government Printing Office for approximately $3.00. (5) Comprehensiveness: a) Detailed breakdown of types of industry; b) Size of establishments ranges from payrolls of one to 500 or more. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -149- • 0 219 Title: Job Bank Frequently Listed Openings Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Labor - Job Service Office Date: February, 1979 General Description: Jobs which frequently have openings at job service office. Type of Data: (1) List of jobs for which there are frequent openings (2) Number of openings each month (3) Average wage (4) Experience/education required for jobs (5) Characteristics of applicants Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Previous month. (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Very up-to-date. Indicates most recent trends in demand for labor. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from Miami job service office (4) Comprehensiveness: Only covers jobs filed with job service; excludes many professional jobs. -150- 220 Title: Opportunities in Joint Ventures and Licensing Author/Agency: Florida Department of Commerce Tyoe of Data: Evaluation: (1) 4-digit SIC (2) Product (3)Geographical area of interest (4Sales volume (5) Employment (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: kent erat Dade County IDA. 221 Title: Author/Agency: Dade County Planning Department, Research Division Date: Uncertain at this time General Description: Employer data for first quarter 1975 as provided by the _ State Department of Commerce Type of Data: (1) Employment by establishment (2) Dollar payroll by establishment Time Period Covered: Evaluation: First Quarter 1975 (1) Consistency:. Consistent with state employment data (2) Timeliness: Sevmy be udated foreral 1980yandsthereafteraatamore frequent intervals. (3) Relevancy: Data would be very useful if availahle•on a more timely basis. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Will be available through computer files at the County Planning Department Research Division Offices. Cost undertermined (5) Comprehensiveness: Covered employment only. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data accuracy will depend in part on pro- cessing by Dade County Staff. Raw data are considered generally reliable (see evalu- ation of State Department of Commerce employment data). (7) Other/Comments:Possible coordination with City Planning Department is advised for easier data accessibility. -152- 222 Title: Dade County's Major Employers Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination Date: May 1978 General Description: Directory of major Dade County employers Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Name of Firm (2) Address (3) President or CEO (4) Phone Number (5) Number of Employees (1) Timeliness: Roughly one year old at present; updated annually. (2) Relevancy: Good compilation of Dade County employers. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for free from the Dade County OEDC. (4) Comprehensiveness: Good. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -153- 223 Title: Annual Report on Nonagricultural Wage and Salary Employment: Florida SMSA Author/Agency: Florida Department of Commerce in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Date: February, 1979; issued annually. General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: • Month -by -month estimates and annual average of non agricultural wage and salary employment. (1) Number employed by industry over 12-month period by month. (2) Figures provided for State; by SMSA and non-SMSA; also national totals. (1) Consistency: Figures vary from Florida Employment Directions projections -- apparently attributable to slightly different categories. (2) Timeliness: Provides the 1977 and 1978 adjusted figures issued annually. (3) Relevancy: Quick reference for employment data. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Florida Department of Commerce (Phone 904•- 488-5004) (5) Comprehensiveness: Only includes totals;no details or analysis. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Updated for previous year in spring - adjusted at "benchmark date". Figures prepared for USBLS by State. Monthly data are adjusted annually. -154- 224 Title: Wholesale Trade, 1972 —Florida.- Area Statistics Author, Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Data for state, SMSA's, cities, counties, by kind of business. (1) Number of egtablishments (2) Sales (3) Payroll (4) Employees (5) Operating type 1972 (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other U.S. Census Data, except for some changes in 4-digit SIC's from 1967 census. (2) Timeliness: Most recent-1972 data. 1977 data to be published soon. (3) Relevancy: Excellent - data for city of Miami included. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from U.S. GPO. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -155- 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 Title:. Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation•: 225 1972 Census of Selected Service Industries - Florida U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census November 1974 Covers hotels, motels, trailering parks, and camps; personal and business services; automotive services; miscellaneous repair services; and recreation services for the state, SMSA's counties and cities. (1) Number of establishments (2) Receipts (3) Type of Operation (4) Payroll (5) Employees 1972 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Consistent with other U.S. Census of Business Data, except for changes in 4-digit SIC's since 1967. Most recent - 1972. 1977 data to be published within a year. City of Miami covered separately. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $2.75. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -156- 226 Title: Largest Manufacturing, Mining, Research and Development Firms in Florida Employing 200 or More (Florida Facts) Author/Agency: Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development Date: N/A Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Name, local address (2) Employment as of September 1976 (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. -157- 227 Title: Florida's Fifty Largest Employers With Their Corporate Headquarters (Florida Facts) Author/Agency: Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development Date: N/A Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Name, Address, Phone Number for Corporate Headquarters of Florida's largest employers. (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. 228 Title: City Business License Records Author/Agency: Treasury Division, City of Miami Date: Not available in useable from at present General Description: Computer data base of business licenses issued in the City of Miami. Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Type of license (2) Dollar amount of license fee (3) Street address (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not yet available in useable form; may be available in a year or so. (2) Comprehensiveness: Covers all City businesses but provides little information on each. (3) Comments: Represents a valuable resource if arrange- ments can be made within the City for OTCD to tap this data file. -159- I II IIIII PII IIII!I!III! 22g Title: Labor Force Summary Author/Agency: Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security Office of Research and Analysis Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Issued monthly Monthly report on employment by county in Florida (1) Number of labor force employed (2) Unemployment rate One month (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Consistent with other State employment data. Excellent - issued every month. (3) Relevancy: Limited. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State.. (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers all Florida Counties. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Not recommended for use in economic analysis. -160- 230 Title: 1979 U.S. Industrial Outlook, with Projections to 1983 for 200 Industries Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: U.S. Department of Commerce,.Industry and Trade Administration. January 1979; updated and re -issued annually. Discussion of and selected historic and projected statistics for 200 industries, to the 4-digit SIC level. (1) Value of shipments, selected 4-digit SIC's (2) Value added, selected 4-digit SIC's (3) Total employment, selected 4-digit SIC's (4) Production workers, selected 4-digit SIC's (5) Average hourly earnings, selected 4-digit SIC's (6) Capital expenditures, selected 4-digit SIC's (7) Value of exports, selected 4-digit SIC's (8) value of imports, selected 4-digit SIC's (9) Gross fixed capital investment 1975-2nd Quarter 1978 2-digit manufacturing industries, retail and wholesale trade (10) After-tax profits and return on equity 1975-2nd Quarter 1978, 2=digit manufacturing industries, retail and whole- sale trade. (11) Flow of funds for manufacturing, retail trade and whole- sale trade, 1975-2nd Quarter 1978 1973-1978 with estimates for 1979 and projections to 1983 (1) Timeliness: Issued annually. (2) Relevancy: Good background information on national trends and outlook for specific industries. (3) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $10.50. (4) Comprehensiveness:Excellent. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -161- 231 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Employment Projections Program U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics N/A Employment data and projections by detailed industry and occupation categories for the U.S. and regions, by place of work (1) Employment change by detailed industry category (Tables 1 & 2) (2) Employment by detailed occupation category (Tables 3 & 4) (3) Average annual job openings and openings due to growth and to separation by detailed occupation category (Table 5) 1970-1974; est. 1977,1978; projections to 1985. (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Consistent with other BLS data. Data are based on 1974 statistics. Good data with detailed breakdowns but dated and covers a broad geogra- phic area. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from the issuing agency, Atlanta regional office. (404) 881-4418. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent coverage of employment cate- gories but not specific to Miami, Dade County or Florida. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -162- 232 Title: Employment by Type and Broad Industrial Sources 1972-77 Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis Date: April 1979 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Employment (full -and part-time) by place of work, U.S. and sub -regions (1) Employment by industry, 1972 thru 1977 for major industrial categories. 1972-1977 (1) Consistency: Consistent with other Bureau of Economic Analysis data. (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Covers up to 1977. Good source of general information on broad employment trends; particularly useful for analyzing shift -share trends. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. Cost is $1.00 per table; $5.00 minium order. (5) Comprehensiveness: Major industrial categories only. Data covers full and part-time wage and salary employees plus proprietors. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data are based on information furnished by individual state bureaus of employment security. -163- 233 Title: Industry and Occupational Outlook for the Southeast Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Labor; Bureau of Labor Statistics.. Date: January 1978 General Description: Economic trends from 1974 with projections to 1985 for Southeastern U.S. (six -state area). Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Industry employment projections to 1985 using 1974 data for Southeastern U.S. and U.S. (2) Occupational projections to 1985 in tabular form with analysis 1974-1985 (1) Timeliness: Dated -based on 1974 figures interpolated for current year and future. (2) Relevancy: Not broken down for Florida - just shows regional trends. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from BLS regional office, Atlanta. (4) Comprehensiveness: (see Relevancy). 1111111111111111111111, Title: Author/Agency: Date: - General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 234 Journey to Work (PC 26D) U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census N/A Summary of Commutation flow data (1) County -to -county journey -to -work flows (2) Intra-county flows (for Hialeah, Miami Beach, Miami, and balance of Dade County) (3) Means of transportation to work (4) Sex, ache, ethnic characteristics, level of education, occupation, industry and earnings of commuters. 1970 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Consistent with other 1970 census data. Dated - data are for 1970. Limited. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office in Washington, D. C. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Very Good. -165- III III 0111111111110111111 111!!!1 235 Title: Travel -to -Work Supplement to the 1975 Annual Housing Survey Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Date: To be released in August in P-23, No. 93 report, "Selected Characteristics of Travel -to -Work in the Miami SMSA: 1975" General Description: Data on commuter flows among the component parts of the Miami SMSA Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Place of work by place of residence -Miami city and outside central city - for all SMSA workers. 1975 (1) Consistency: Consistent with data provided in the Annual Housing Survey: 1975,Miami SMSA (2) Timeliness: Data are for 1975. (3) Relevancy: Limited. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Currently available through written request 'to the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Published data anticipated in August. (5) Comprehensiveness: Limited - covers Miami city and balance of county only. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. Title: 301 Comprehensive Development Master Plan for Metropolitan Dade County, Florida, and Annual Reports and Revisions Author/Agency: Dade County Planning Department Date: March 1975 - December 1978 General Description: Goals and objectives for managing Dade County Development; guidelines for new development; 1985 and 2000 Conceptual Development Patterns. Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Population trends, projections (to 2000) (2) Household trends, projections (to 1985) (3) Employment trends, projections (to 1990) (4) Services (5) Land Use (1960, 1970, 1975) (6) Housing costs (7) Per Capita Income trends (8) Race, Ethnic Group characteristics, trends,projections (to 1985) (9) Earnings by Industrial Sectors, 1959, 70, 76 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Historical data drawn from published sources or Planning Department surveys. ' Projections by the Planning Department. • Most data are 2 - 5 years old.. Limited - some "subarea" data included. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Dade County Planning Department. -167- • 302 Title: Detailed Characteristics of the Population - Florida Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Date: October 1972 General Description: Detailed characteristics of the population for Florida, SP1SA's and cities. Type of Data: (1) Race/Nativity (2) Education (3) V.ocational Training (4) Family Characteristics (5) Labor Force Status (6) Employment by age, school, enrollment, income (7) Occupation by age, schooling, industry, earnings (8) Industry, by ace, earnings, occupation (9) Income of persons,families, unrelated individuals Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1970 (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other U.S. Census Bureau data. (2) Timeliness: Most recent data.1970 data. Next issue willbe (3) Relevancy: Excellent - covers city of Miami employment , occupation data. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $7.50. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. 303 Title: General Social and Economic Characteristics - Florida Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: April 1972 General Description: Socioeconomic characteristics of the population for Florida,, cities, counties, SMSA's Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Age (2) Nativity (3) Schooling (vocational training) (4) Family composition (5) Employment status (6) Labor participation (7) Labor mobility (8) Occupation (9) Industry of employment (10) Means of transportation (11) Income 1970 (1.) Consistency: Consistent with all other U.S. Census Bureau data. (2) Timeliness: Most recent - 1970 data. Next issue will be 1980 data. (3) Relevancy: Excellent - covers exployment characteristics for the City of Miami. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $3.00. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -169- 304 Title: Florida Statistical Abstract 1978 Author/Agency: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida Date: August 1978 General Description: Good compilation of data from a variety of sources, plus explanations of data collection methodologies. Type of Data: (1) Population, trends and projections, Dade; trends for Miami (last estimate, 1977). (2) Components of population change '70-'77 - Dade. (3) Age, sex and rece characteristics, 1977, Dade. (4) Immigrants, by country, 1975-76, Miami area. (5) Year-round housing units and households, 1970. (6) Number of public lodging establishments, by county January 1, 1978, Dade. (7) Education - enrollment by county, 1976-77. (8) Personal income - Dade, 1971-76. State of (9) Labor and Proprietors income by place -of -work, Florida 1975-77 and first quarter 1978, by industry category. (10) Labor and proprietors income by place -of -work, Dade 1972-76 by industry category. (11) Transfer payments by type, Florida, 1976-77. (12) Household income, Florida 1975-76. (13),Individual adjusted gross income from tax returns, by county, 1974. (14) Personal wealth, Florida, 1972. (15) Nonagricultural employment by major SIC, Dade 1975,76,77, 78. (16) Civilian labor force and unemployment, Dade, 1977. (17) Insured unemployment by occupation, and industry, 1978, Florida. (18) Labor union membership, Florida 1964 - 74. (19) Work stoppages, Florida and Dade 1969-76. (20) Average hours, earnings, manufacturing industries (Dade) and non -manufacturing (Florida and Dade) 1977 and 78. (21) Residential permits, 1976 - 77, Dade and Miami. (22) Value of building permits, 1977, Dade. (23) Monthly construction employment, 1976-77, Dade. (24) Reporting units, employment and payroll - construction industry - Dade, 1977. (25) Number of establishments, employees, payroll, value added and capital expenditures - manufacturing industry - 1958-77, Dade and Miami and Florida ( by 2 digit SIC) (26) Waterborne commerce, 1974-76, by harbor. (27) Imports and exports, 1976-77, by port. (28) Imports and exports by air, 1976. (29) Airport operations, 1975-77. (30) Reporting units, employment and payro11,1977, communications industries (to 3-digit SIC's), Dade. (31) Reporting units, employees, and payroll, public utilities, Dade, 1977 -170- 304 (Continued) Evaluation: (32) Wholesale and retail trade data - units, employment payroll, 1977 Florida and Dade. (33) Department Store sales by month, Dade and Miami, January 1977- March 1973. (34) Gross and taxable sales by type of business (Florida) and total (Dade), 1976-77. (35) Commercial bank loans and deposits, 1977, Dade. (36) Insured commercial banks - income and expenditures, Florida, 1976. (37) Savings and loans - assets and liabilities, Dade, 1977. (38) Units,employees, payroll; finance, insurance and real estate, 1977, Dade. (39) Units, employees, payroll: service establishments, 1977, Dade. (40) Tourism data- origin/ destination of travelers, total visitors, expenditures, attendance at State parks and memorials. (41) Number of tourist facilities, Dade, January 1978. (42) Units, employers, payroll: recreation and amusement establishments, and other tourist -related industries, 1977, Dade. (43) Health care facilities, Dade, 1977-78. (44) Units, employees, payroll, 1977: health, education, social service industries, Dade. (45) Crime, Dade, Miami. (46) Government collections and distribution, Dade, 1976-77. (47) Government employment and payroll, Dade, 1976. (1) Consistency: Data consistencies and inconsistencies are noted, where applicable,in the document. (2).Timeliness: Published every year - very timely data. (3) Relevancy: Very relevant to a variety of topics. (4) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from the University Presses of Florida (15 n.w. 15th Street, Gainesville) for $10.75. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent -contains a wide variety of data. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Most data are from published sources - quality very good - data evaluated within the document. (7) Other/Comments: Excellent reference document. -171- 305 Title: Greater Miami Has . . Author/Agency: Greater Miami Inc. General Description: Brochure Type of Data: Evaluation : (1) Number of firms, major categories (from published sources). (2) Population trends, projections (from Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department) (3) Labor force, unemployment, employment by major SIC (from State Department of Commerce/U.S. Department of Labor) (4) Selected Wage Rates by occupation (5) Tax rates, by municipality, (6) Imports/exports (from U.S. Department of Commerce) (7) Services (8) Major industrial and office parks (1) Timeliness: Most data are relatively current. (2) Relevancy: Limited amount of data presented, but data are relevant to possible OTCD efforts. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the greater Miami Chamber of Commerce. (4) Comprehensiveness: Selected data only. (5) Accurcay/Quality: Good - most data from published sources. -172- 306 Title: Dade County Economic Data Author/Agency: State of Florida, Division of Economic Development Date: January 1979 General . Description: Collection of demographic economic data for U.S.,State and Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation:. (1) Per capita income, 1966-76 (2) Personal income, by source 1966-76 (3) Civilian labor force and unemployed, 1967-78 (4) Participation rates, 1950, 60,.70 by sex (5) Employment by major industry category 1971-76 (6) Average wage and salary income, by major industry category, 1972-77; by 2-digit manufacturing SIC 1973-77 (7) Income by major industrial category 1973-76 (8) Employment by 2-digit SIC, manufacturing, 1973-77 (9) Value added, manufacturing, 1963-72 (10) Population, 1950-2000 (11) Net population migration by age group, 1960-70 (12) Natural population change, 1960-75 (13) Age distribution of the population, 1960, 70, 77 by race and sex Varies; historic data to 1977 (1) Consistency: All data taken from Federal or State Agencies. (2) Timeliness: Most recent data are for 1977. (3) Relevancy: Good compilation of basic data, with State and National comparisons. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for $4.50 from the State of Florida, Bureau of Economic Analysis 1240-A Blountstown Highway, Tallahassee, Florida 32304. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -173- 111111 11!11w Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: 307 Data Handbook Economic Society of South Florida, Incorporated. Issued monthly A collection of economic indicator data for Dade, Broward, Monroe, and Palm Beach Counties; concentration on Dade and Broward Counties. (1) Housing unit permits - number and value, 1978, for incorporated areas (2.) Communications data (telephone) and utility (electricity use) data (1954-1978, by County) 1954-1918 by County (3) Number of claims for unemployment compensation, (4) Payments for unemployment compensation, 1954-1978, by County (5) Real estate deeds filed for record, 1955-1978, by County (6) Value of consideration mortgages recorded, 1972-1978, Broward (7) Value of warranty deeds filed for record, 1940-1949, Dade (8) Real property mortgages filed for record, 1957-1978, by County (9) Net collections of sales and use tax, 1955-1978, by County (10) Value of gasoline tax collected, 1956-1978, by County (11) Deposits in Federal Reserve banks - selected SP1SA's 1977-1978 (12) Employment by major category, by County (13) Unemployment by County (14) Labor turnover in manufacturing, by type (Broward and Palm Reach Counties) (15) Average hourly and weekly earnings in manufacturing, by County (16) Hours worked per week in manufacturing, by County (17) Deposits and loans - Federal Reserve banks, by County (18) Trade, by category, by county. (19) Airport operations, Ft. Lauderdale and Miami airports Most data are collected from other published sources. Issued monthly - data are roughly 1-6 months old. Limited - data are general. (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Economic Society of South Florida, Inc., Suite 3100 First Federal 5uilding Miami, Florida. Phone: 279-8665. (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers selected economic indicators - not all counties covered for each data item. (6) Accuracy/Quality: See Comments: -174- (Continued . . Evaluation: 307 (continued) (7) Other/Comments: Recently, there have been transitions and staff changes within the publishing agency. The material is presently somewhat disorganzied. -175- 401 Title: Sales Tax Totals by Kind Within County Reported in 1977 Author/Agency: University of Florida, Bureau of Economic and Business Research. Date: N/A General Description: Computer tape data from sales tax collections, by county and kind of business. Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Gross Sales (2) Taxable Sales (1) Timeliness: Current month data available. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: $12.00 per county or per category per year; $1.00 per county or per category per month. Historical data available at $2.00 per county or category per month; Annual total @ $2.00 per county or category. -176- 402 Title: Area Statistics, 1972 - Florida (U.S. Census of Retail Trade) Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: October 1974 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Data for the State, SMSA's,cities, counties, by kind of business. (1) Number of outlets (2) Sales (3) Type of operation (proprietorship/partnership) (4) Payroll (5) Employees 1972 (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other U.S. Census Data, except for some changes in 4-digit SIC's from 1967 Census. (2) Timeliness: Most recent - 1972 data. 1977 data to be published soon. (3) Relevancy: Excellent - data for City of Miami included. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from U. S. Government Printing Office for $2.60. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. (7) Other/Comments: Part of U.S. Census of Retail Trade. -177- 403 Title: Major Retail Centers in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas, 1972-Florida Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. General Description: Data for 26 major retail centers, including the Miami CBD. Type of Data: and SIC — (1) Number of outlets by type (2) Sales of outlets by type and SIC (3) Payroll of outlets by type and SIC (4) Employees of outlets by type and SIC Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1972 (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other U. S. Census data, except for some changes in 4-digit SIC's from 1967. (2) Timeliness: Most recent - 1972 data. 1977 data to be published soon. (3) Relevancy: Excellent '- data for City of Miami included. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. (7) Other/Comments: Part of U. S. Census of Retail Trade. Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 404 Annual Survey of Manufacturers - Statistics for States, SMSA's, Large Industrial Counties, and Selected Cities,1976 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census February 1978 Data for selected manufacturing industries (2 and 3-digit SIC) for Dade County and totals for Miami. (1) Employees (2) Payroll (3) Wages (4) Value added (5) Value of shipments (6) Cost of materials (7) Inventories (8) Capital expenditures 1975 and 1976 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Consistent with other U.S. Census Bureau data. Data 3 years old - next issue will be 1981 data; expected date of publication approximately 1983. Limited Data for Dade County. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Subscriber Services Section (Publications), Bureau of the Census, Washing- ton D. C. or any U. S. Department of Commerce District office for $4.20. (5) Comprehensiveness: Selected SMSA's and industries covered. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Very Good. -179- II I11I11II1IIIIIIIIIIII!III!IIUNMPl 405 Title: Survey of Buying Power Author/Agency: Sales and marketing management Date: Published 16/yr. General Description: Sales and buying power data for Miami and Dade County. Type of Data: (1) Number of population (2) Median age of population/age distribution (3) Number of households (4) Total retail sales, by major store type (5) Total effective buying income (EBI) (6) Median household EBI (7) Distribution of households by EBI Evaluation: (1) Timeliness: Published twice monthly in February, April, July and October; monthly in all other months. Publication covers period ending six months previous. (2) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: Available from Sales and Marketing Management 633 Third Avenue New York, New York 10017 for a $22.00 per year subscription fee. (3) Accuracy/Quality: Data considered to be of poor quality. -180- 406 Title: Building Permit Activity in Florida Author/Agency: Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Florida General Description: Monthly compilation of value and number of residential building permits, by incorporated area in the state. Type of Datal (1) Value of residential private permits (2) Number of Single Family and Multi Family residential private permits (3) Value of non-residential private permits (4) Value of public residential permits Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Monthly, with annual summary (1) Consistency: Good. (2) Timeliness: Updated monthly. (3) Relevancy: Limited. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the University of Florida for $10.00 per annual subscription; $1.00 per single copy; and $2.00 per annual summary copy. (5) Comprehensiveness: Fair. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Not considered reliable on a county or municipality level. Good on a state- wide basis. -18.1- 407 Title: 1972 Census of Selected Service Industries: Hotels, Motels, Trailering Parks and Camps Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: December 1975 Covers hotels, motels, trailering parks and camps, for the U.S., States and selected SMSA's. (1) Sources of receipts (2) number of establishments (3) weighted average percent occupancy 1972 (1) Consistency: Consistent with other U.S. Census of Business data. (2) Timeliness: 1972 2ssnextyear. mostrecent cenissue. 1977 issue will be (3) Relevancy: Good information at the county level, nothing on the City itself. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office for $1.80. (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -182- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 408 Highlights of U.S. Export and Import Trade (FT990) U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census December 1978 Lists U.S. exports by quarterly periods; gives total value, by commodities and by area of destination, by customs region and district (includes. . . Miami #52) (1) Millions of dollars exported through customs Region District 52: -"pass through commodities" only - no summaries by commodity type - District 52 includes Port Everglades, Ft. Pierce, Bradenton, Key West as well as Miami - tables and schedules group commodities by customs region. 1977-1978 (four quarters) (1) Relevancy: Data taken from EA663 and EA664. Same method of reporting. Somewhat more use- ful since it is in summarized "highlight" form and contains tables (E-4), and schedules (E) which pertain to District 52 and Miami. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for review in Library at Department of Commerce. Can not be removed or reproduced. Copies not sold here but can be ordered from Washington, D. C. (3) Comprehensiveness: Very Comprehensive -183- Title: EA663 - Customs District of Exportation by Schedule 3= by Country of Destination and Method of Transportation. Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census Date: 1977. General Description: Type of Data: Large computer printout, bound into thick volume. Country listed (by code number) then all commodities exported to it for the first time period is listed, giving volume and value(sent from District 52) by air, sea or other means. (1) Voluminous listing of commodities, not summarized by category or commodity type. - no data available for t•liami itself. All data for District 52 (which includes Port Everglades, Ft. Pierce, Bradenton, Key West as well as Miami) - only gives gross value of commodity Time Period Covered: 12 months of 1977 Evaluation: • (1) Consistency: Information taken from "Schedule B" form (shipper's exportation declaration form). They need only give gross value and company name. This method is designed to keep price confidential (2) Relevancy: "Pass through goods". No way to determine which were made here, or grown here for export; which were sold for export by local middlemen or which simply shipped out through District 52. No accurate way to isolate Miami from rest of Ports in District. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for review at Department of Commerce Library. Can not be reproduced, removed or copies bought. (4) Comprehensiveness: Very detailed. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Hard to use due to size of volume (very thick), small type size, and lack of summaries. (6) Other/Comments: Must be used with "Schedule CE Classification of County and Territory" (county code book). -134- 410 Title: EA664 - Customs District of Exportation by Schedule B by Commodity and by Method of Transportation Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: 1977 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Large computer printout bound into thick volume. Commodity listed, then all destinations (by code #) to which it was sent from District 52. (By sea, by air, or by other means.) .(1) Extensive list of all goods which were sent from District 52 regardless of where they originated - no data available for "Miami" itself; can onlyassume that most of cargo sent by air or sea came from Miami (since Miami is the largest port and 90% of Port Everglades volume is oil). - only gives gross value of commodity 12 months of 1977 (1) Consistency: (2) Relevancy: Information taken from "Schedule B" form, which is shipper's export declaration. This form is designed to keep price confidential and gives only gross value and company name. Gives destination of all goods shipped out, but does not make it possible to isolate commodities which originated in Miami or which were exported from Miami itself as opposed to the rest of District 52. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery : Available for review only at Department of Commerce Library. Cannot be reproduced, re- moved or copies purchased. (4) Comprehensiveness: Very detailed. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Hard to read due to thickness of volume, small type size and lack of summaries. -185- I 111 IIIUUUIi!!! 411 Title: U.S. Waterborne Exports and General Imports Author/Agency: U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: Issued monthly, with annual summaries General Description: Summary statistics on waterborne imports and exports Type. of Data: (1) Tonnage and dollar volume of dry and tanker cargo imports and exports, by port Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1978 (1) Consistency: Consistent with other Department of Commerce data on international trade. (2) Timeliness: Issued monthly. Annual summary as of 1978. (3) Relevancy: Limited - data do not break down trade by country of destination/origin or by com- modity type. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Department of Commerce (through the Government Printing Office) - copy available fer use at the local U.S. Department of Commerce Office. (6) Accuracy/Quality:. Good. -186- . 412 Title: U.S. Airborne Exports and General Imports Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census Date: Issued monthly, with annual summaries General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Summary statistics on airborne imports and exports. (1) Volume and dollar value of air cargo imports and exports, by airport 1978 (1) Consistency: Consistent with other Department of Commerce data on international trade. (2) Timeliness: Issued monthly. Annual summary as of 1978. (3) Relevancy: Limited -.data do not break down trade by country of destination/origin or by commodity type. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U.S. Department of Commerce (through the _Government Print- ing Office) - copy available for use at the local U.S. Department of Comerce Office. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -187- Title: Author/Agency: City of Miami Planning Department Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: City of Miami Urban Information System Data base of land use inventory by census tract, (1) Acres in each land use/vacant (2) Number of units/establishments (3) Condition of units (4) Floor area/number of rooms for: • Single family residential Multi -family residential Retail • Service Office Wholesale trade ▪ Hotel/motel ▪ Institutional use 1960, 1970, 1975 (1) Timeliness: Most recent data-1975. Now being updated, approximately 40% complete for summer 1977. (2) Relevancy: Very relevant (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Data available from computer runs by the City Planning Department (4) Comprehensiveness: Data are complete (5) Accuracy/Quality: Data considered as reliable as possible for data of this type. -188- 502 Title: Market Data - Improved Properties Author/Agency: Dade County Industrial Development Authority Date: March 21, 1978 General Description: Summary characteristics for major industrial areas in Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Size of industrial area (2) Rental rate range (3) Building sale price range (4) land sale price range As of March 21, 1978 (1) Timeliness: Just over one year old - likely to be updated and monitored on an ongoing basis (2) Relevancy: Excellent (3) Assessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from IDA (4) Comprehensiveness: Nine areas covered (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good - based on surveys conducted by IDA -189- Title: Dade County Industrial and Office Parks Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Office of Economic Development Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: List of parks, contacts, and map key Name, location of major industrial and office parks in Dade County (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Update being prepared by IDA (3) Relevancy: Good (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from IDA (5) Comprehensiveness: Good (6) Accuracy/Quality: Present version somewhat out of date. -190- 504 Title: Inventory of Vacant Industrial Land in Dade County Author/Agency: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department Date: August 1977 General . Description: Inventory of existing industrial land by several subareas within the county Type of Data: (1) Industrial land use by type of use (2) Serviceability of land by rail and basic infrastructure for parcels of less than 10 acres and for parcels greater than or equal to 10 acres (3) Historical industrial land absorption (4) Projected industrial land requirements Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Up to 1976 (1) Consistency: Fair (2) Timeliness: Needs to be updated on a regular basis (.3) Relevancy: Good though somewhat dated (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Good - readily available (5) Comprehensiveness: Fair - not enough detail on type of industrial use (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -191- 505 Title: Greater Miami Office Space Survey Author/Agency: Moss/Fleming Company 150 E. Palmetto Park Road Boca Raton, Florida 33432 Telephone - 445-9641 in Miami 391-8144 in Ft. Lauderdale Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: November 1978; updated each year Survey and brief analysis by 12 major areas in Dade County. Covers 173 buildings and 11.5 million net square feet. Information also available for Ft. Lauderdale and Palm Beach. (1) Inventory of leasable space surveyed by area (2) Occupancy by area (3) Rent levels by area (4) Planned large scale (i.e., over 100,000 square feet) developments 1978 and comparable 1977 data: (1) Consistency: Good. Surveys same areas every year. (2) Timeliness: Good; updated in December of each year. (3) Relevancy: Good (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Prepared for Building owners and managers but available on request. Usually summarized in Miami Herald. Contact Hunter Moss (5) Comprehensiveness: Good, but does not cover government space. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -192- II 1111111111111 11111111111111111111111111 506 Title: National Office Space Survey Author/Agency: Howard Ecker & Co., 154 E. Erie Street Suite 401 Chicago, Illinois 60611 Telephone - 312-787-4310 Date: 1978; updated annually General Description: Survey of 17 major cities Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Vacant space, for previous year as well (2) Rent levels (3) Major new construction (4) Identification of growth areas 1978 most recent (1) Consistency: Fair - new cities are added to survey occasionally (2) Timeliness: Good (3) Relevancy: Good comparison with markets in other cities (4) Assessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available upon request - contact Howard Ecker (5) Comprehensiveness: Not specific enough for thorough analysis of each city (6) Accuracy/Quality: Very general -193- iii mi 1iiiml•U!L 507 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Date: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Office Survey for the Greater Miami Area Clark - Biondi Co. 1443 S. Miami Avenue Miami, Florida 33131 Telephone - 374-2111 June 1978; updated annually Survey and brief analysis by 11 major areas in Dade County;covers 142 office building and 11.8 million square feet (1) Overall inventory of leasable space surveyed (2) Occupancy by area (3) Rent levels by area (4) Planned large scale developments 1978 most recent (1) Consistency: Surveys same areas evey year (2) Timeliness: Good, updated annually (3) Relevancy: Good (4) Accessibility/yAvailablevonrequest. Contact Peter Clark (5) Comprehensiveness: Fair, does not cover Miami Beach or government space. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -194- 508 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Downtown Development Authority Survey of downtown office buildings (1) Occupancy (2) inventory (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Data considered confidential not available (5) Comprel..: siveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: -195- 509 Title: Dodge Reports Author/Agency: F. W. Dodge Division McGraw - Hill Information Systems Company Date: General Description: Type of Date: Tirire Period Coered: Evaluation: Survey of major new construction For major construction projects: (a) current status (b) type of project (c) approximate construction cost (d) location (city, state, county and site) (e) contacts Consistency: Good Timeliness: Excellent - published daily Relevancy: (Marginal (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Must be purchased from local Dodge office, for a $679.00 per year subscription fee (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -196- 510 Title: Economic and Real Estate Renort for South Florida (Dade, Broward, Palm Beach) Author/Agency: City Mortgage Corp. Date: Published annually in January General Description: Covers residential market characteristics by county Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Rental apartment occupancy (2) Average rental rate (3) Annual average price paid for new and used houses and condos (4) List of leading home builders and condominimum developers including number of sales and total volume Previous year (1) Consistency: Good (2) Timeliness: Good (3) Relevancy: Good (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Readily available upon request (5) Comprehensiveness: Fair. Does not cover sub county areas. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -197- 511 Title: Housing Supply in Dade County Author/Agency: Reinhold P. Wolff Economic Research, Inc. Date: September 1977 General Description: Study of housing supply, cost and absorption, 1971-1976, with projections for 1977-1985. Also contains socioeconomic characteristics of buyers/ renters Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Inventory of available housing 1971-1976 (2) Completion/sales of housing 1971-1976 (3) Absorption of rental housing 1971-1976 (4) Housing cost 1971- 1976 (5) Income of home buyers by ethnic characteristics, 1977 (6) Income of home buyers by age of household head, 1977 (7) Income of home buyers by sex of household head, 1977, (8) Income of home buyers by household size, 1977 (9) Income of renters by ethnic group, 1977 (10) Income of renters by age of household head, 1977 (11) Income of renters by sex of household head, 1977 (12) Income of renters by household size, 1977. (13) Forecast absorption, by housing type, 1977-1985 (14) Forecast supply, by housing type, 1977-1985 1971-1976, projections of 1977-1985 (1) Consistency: Projections consistent with those of Dade County Planning Department (2) Timeliness: Data three years old (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for 51.00 from Dade County Planning Department (5) Comprehensiveness: Very comprehensive for Dade County; most data available for areas within the county (6) Accuracy/Quality: Some data from original survey research; forecasts by Reinhold P. Wolff -198- 512 Title: "Realistat" • - Real Estate Statistics Author/Agency: Kenneth Kreizinger - Matthews and Aydelotte Inc. 2700 East Oakland Park Boulevard P. 0. Box 11554 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33306 (Phone: (305) 566-0404) Date: Monthly publication General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: A variety of surveys on residential and land sales activity - Tri-County area. (1) Residential sales absorption (2) New Units built (3) Land sales over $150,000 (Broward) (4) Vacancy (Broward) (5) Building permits (Broward) From 1976 to present. (1) Timeliness: Excellent - published monthly. (2) Relevancy: Limited. (3) Accessibility/Cost Delivery: See attached price list. (4) Comprehensiveness: Covers mainly Broward County; only sub- scriber developers contribute data. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Relies on builders/developers who sub- scribe to the service to supply infor- mation. -199- Yearly Subscription Price per Report CONTRACT SALES ACTIVITY A published survey, conducted monthly, polls builders and developers on the number of S150,00 units started for each project. The report also contains a listing of new projects $75.00 • planned and a progress report on existing projects in early developmental stages. The data is derived from a monthly survey to all subscribers to this report and only those who participate in this report may subscribe. Only one report is published for the Tri-county area and will include residential sales activity and lot and land sales activity. * When purchased with another Realistat publication. COMMERCIAL APARTMENT & LAND SALES REPORT Reports apartment building sales, commercial property sales and land transactions over $150.00 $150,000 in represented sales price. Details location, an in-depth description of the type of property, grantors -grantees and more. Published monthly. Available for Broward County only. QUARTERLY UPDATED SALES LOCATIONAL MAPS CODED TO THE INFORMATION SHEETS S50.00 LAND SALES DATA ONLY Reports land transactions (only) over $150,000 in represented sales price. Details location, grantors -grantees and more. Published monthly for Broward, quarterly For Palm Bepch. Not available in Dade. r-� UPDATED SALES LOCATIONAL MAPS COOED TO THE INFORMATION SHEETS $25.00 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION DATA Reports vacancy levels for each municipality. a county -wide rental rate index, building permits and mortgage and deed recording data. Published monthly. Also published bi-monthly, a comprehensive residential construction summary including data on starts, completions, absorptions, finished inventory and units under construction. Available for Broward only. SPECIAL DATA REPORTS Numerous additional data are continously being compiled and made available on either a one-time or a continuing basis. $100.00 Broward $125.00 Palm Beach $120.00 Fee Assignment Basis MULTIPLE SUBSCRIPTION RATE If more than one report is obtained, a discount is given, for each subscription off the above stated prices. Also. if more than one copy of a report is desired, the second copy may be purchased for 2(Pof the reports regular subscription price. BACK ISSUES Most reports have back issues available since late 1976. Back issues may be purchased at the same subscription rates listed for current issues. TO ORDER Fill out the Order Form and mail to: Realistat, Inc. P.O. Box 11554 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida 33306 Telephone Number: 305) 566-0404 w REAUSTAT -200 513 Title: Quarterly Apartment Survey - South East Florida (Dade, Broward & Palm Beach Counties) Author/Agency: Reinhold P. Wolff Economic Research, Inc. Date: Published quarterly General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Summary of condominium sale and apartment rental activity by separate areas within each county. Covers 17 areas for Dade County. (1) Building permits (2) Occupancy rates (3) Rental rates (4) Condominium sales (5) Inventory of unsold condominiums (6) Condominium prices Each quarter of year (1) Consistency: Good (2) Timeliness: Excellent (3) Relevancy: Excellent (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available at cost upon request. Contact L. Keith White (5) Comprehensiveness: Excellent - particularly for Dade County (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -201- 514 Title: Real Estate Sales - Dade County Author/Agency: Charles Kimball;Miami Herald Date: Published quarterly - except for Item 4 below General Description: Covers number and volume of new and used home sales Type of Data: (1) Total sales (2) Total sales volume in dollars (3) Average price for new and used homes and new and used condominiums (4) Unsold condominiuum inventory - Done Annually in January and covers previous year Time Period Covered: Each quarter of the year Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Good (2) Timeliness: Good (3) Relevancy: Good (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Readily available through Miami Herald (5) Comprehensiveness: Good on county wide basis but not for smaller areas (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -202- 515 Title: Second Homes in Dade County, Florida Author/Agency: Research Division, Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department Date: March 1974 General Description: Discussion of second home condominiums in Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Estimate of number of second home condominium units, 1973 1973 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Data are several years old (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available for 25c from Dade County Planning (5) Comprehensiveness: Condominium units only (6) Accuracy/Quality: Fair -203- 516 Title: Author/Agency: Southern Bell Date: General Description: Housing Survey, Dade County Type,of Data: (1) Housing conditions (2) Housing inventory Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not available from them; they have arrangements with other groups (such as Reinhold P. Wolff) who use their data (5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: -204- 517 Title: Author/Agency: First Federal Savings and Loan Association of Miami Date: General Description: Housing data Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Vacancy (2) Occupancy (3) Overhang (4) Stock (1) Consistency (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not publicly available, except for two reports: (1) On -the -Market - a quarterly report on vacancy of single family homes in Dade; and (2) Golden Eagle - a monthly report of mortgages in Dade and Broward Counties. (5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: -205- 518 Title: On -The -Market Author/Agency: First Federal Savings and Loan Association Date: Published quarterly Type of Data: Evaluation: (1) Vacancy of single family homes in Dade County (1) Relevancy: Very limited.. 519 Title: Golden Eagle Author/Agency: First Federal Savings and Loan Association. Date: Published monthly. Type of Data: (1) Mortgages in Dade and Broward Counties Evaluation: (1) Relevancy: Very limited. -207 Title: Miami Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan, 1976-1986; Technical Report and Technical Appendix: Ecorci: Author/Agency: Wallace, McHarg, Roberts and Todd; Hunter Moss & Co.; Gladstone Associates with the City of Miami Planning Department Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: October 1976 (Original data or data not elsewhere available only) (1) Estimated office and non -office employment, by industry Dade County and Miami, 1985 (2) Projected housing demand, Miami, 1985 (3) Major parcels of public land available (4) Office survey, Greater Miami, Fall 1974 (5) Private office construction, Miami area, 1962-1973 (6) Comments on racial/ethnic characteristics ofindividual census tracts, 1976 (7) Retail rents by neighborhood, 1976 (8) Residential rents/prices by neighborhood, 1976 (9) Office and industrial land costs, 1976 (10) Projections of population by age category, 1985 (11) Projected number of households by age of head, 1985 (12) Projected housing unit values, 1985 (1) Consistency: Most data are consistent with U.S. Census Bureau and State Division of Employment data (2) Timeliness: Data are 3-4 years old. Projections are based on 1970 data in many instances. (3) Relevancy: Limited -208- 521 Title: Author/Agency: Downtown Development Authority Date: General Description: Survey of downtown hotels Type of Data: (1) Occupancy - % and type (2) Inventory Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/CDDataconsidered confidential not available (5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: 522 Title: Author/Agency: The Kaiser Transit Group Date: December 1978 General Description: Type of Data: Regional Market Potential Projections of market conditions in Dade County. for 1975, 1985 and 2000 (1) Demographic trends, projections (from County Transportation Planning Data Base) (2) Population by race, ethnic group - trends and projections to 1985 (from Dade County Planning Department) (3) Residential building, 1971-1976 (from Reinhold P. Wolff - Southern Bell and University of Florida) (4) Projected Housing, 1 975,ing D1985,2000 (from County Transportation ata Base) (5) Income of families (from U.S. Census data) (6) Per capita income -- trends projections to 2000 (7) Tourist expenditures, of Commerce, Div. of t to 1987 (f (frommFlorida Department Tourism data) (8) Housing units, 1970, 1975, 1985 (from Dade County Planning Department) Projected office space demand, by type of user 1975, 1985, 2000 (based on County Transportation Planning Data Base) (10) Projected resident expenditures on retail goods, 1975, 1985, 2000 (11) Projected demand for retail space from area residents, 1975, 1985, 2000 (12) Projected demand for retail space from tourists, 1977-1987 (13) Hotel, Motel Units, 1968-1978 (from Florida Dept. of Business Regulation, Division of Hotels and Restaurants) (14) Gross Sales by Hotels -Motels in Southeast Florida, 1970-1977 (Source?) (9) -210- 522 (Continued) Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (15) Projected Hotel -Motel Units, 1978-1985, 1988 (Based on County Transportation: Planning Data Base) (16) Foreign visitor arrivals 1973 - 1977 (from U.S. Dept. of Commerce, U.S. Travel Service) (17) Foreign visitors by area stayed in 1977 (from Dade Co. OEDC, Final Technical Report Describing and Evaluating the Research Study of Summer Foreign Tourists in Dade County). 1970 - 2000 (1) Consistency: Data are generally consistent with Dade County data, including Transportation Planning Data Base (2) Timeliness: Some recent (1977) estimates included; other data are 1975 (3) Relevancy: Of limited value except for county -wide background information ,(4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Copies may be available from the Kaiser Transit Group (5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: Data are largely comparable to County Transportation Planning Data Base - limited validity (7) Other/Comments: This report will provide the basis for subsequent reports on development potentials in each transit station area Station area studies will be released individually, as they are completed, between now and July. -211- 523 Title: Economic Analysis, Civic Center Secondary Developrent Area, Miami, Florida Author/Agency: Hammer, Siler, George Associates Date: July 1978 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Study of market potentials in the Civic Center area (1) Trends, projections for socioeconomic indicators, City of Miami, and Civic Center area (2) Trends, projectionsof retail sales, City of Miami and Civic Center area (3) Trends in office, hotel occupancy, Miami area 1960-1985 (1) Timeliness: Some recent data provided (2) Relevancy: Limited -212- 524 Title: Regional Housing Market Analysis: Technical Report Update Author/Agency: South Florida Regional Planning Council. Date: November 1977. General Description: Housing needs for Dade, Broward and Monroe Counties, 1976, 80, 85, 90. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Households by income (1976-80-85-90). (2) Minority Population (1976). (3) Elderly and handicapped requiring housing assistance (1976). (4) Large families requiring housing assistance (1976). (5) Housing units by tenure type (1976). (6) Substandard units by tenure type (1976). (7) Vacant units by tenure type (1976). (8) Housing values (1976). 1975-80-85-90 (1) T4meliness: Data will be updated and expanded on'this summer. .(2) Accuracy/Quality: 1976 data from local Housing Assistance Plans. -213- 525 Title: Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Project Survey Author/Agency; Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce Date: Spring 1979 General Description: Survey of major projects in Dade County Type of Data: (1) Type of project (2) Location (3) Dollar value Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Part of ongoing survey effort (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce (5) Comprehensiveness: Good (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -214- 526 Title: Author/Agency: Downtown Development Authority Date: General Description: Survey of major projects in the downtown Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Name (2) Location (3) Estimated cost (4) Anticipated use (5) Date of construction start-up 1(6) Date of construction completion (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Good (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from DDA (5) Comprehensiveness: 44 projects covered (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -215- Title: Author/Agency: Greenleaf/Telesca Date: February 1979 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Comprehensive Marina Development Study (1) Wet boat storage in Dade County (2) Dry berth storage in Dade County (3) Ramp width and space 1978 and projections to 1985 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Excellent (3) Relevancy: Limited (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery : Available from the City of Miami Planning Department (5) Comprehensiveness: Good (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good -216- 528 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Compendium of Available Buildings Florida Department of Commerce, Division of Economic Development List of available commercial buildings (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Not updated regularly, so. information may be dated Limited, due to lack of comprehensiveness and timeliness (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: No copies available; information may be obtained over the telephone; copy kept by Dade County IDA (5) Comprehensiveness: Poor - the agency relies on local chambers and government agencies to provide informa- tion (6) Accuracy/Quality: Poor -217- 529 Title: General Housing Characteristics - Florida 1970 Census of Housing Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce Census Bureau. Date: August, 1971 General Description: Characteristics of housing by City, County, SMSA and three categories of population size cities Type of Data: (1) Occupancy characteristics: number of occupied units; population/unit; tenure; number of rooms per unit; size of households; number of people/room (2) Structural characteristics: type of structure; plumbing; kitchen facilities (3) Financial Characteristics: value;'rent (4) Characteristics broken out for Negro head of household. Time Period Covered: 1970; next issue will cover 1980 Evaluation: (1) Timeliness: Information dated; new census in 1980 (2) Relevancy: Information broken down for Miami and Miami SMSA (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available form the U.S. Government Printing Office for $1.25 (4) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -x18- II11111 11111111� ��I 530 Title: Detailed Housing Characteristics - Florida 1970 Census of Housing Author/Agency: U. S. Commerce Department; Bureau of Census Date: April 1972 General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Types of housing by types of area: rural, urban and county, vs. city. (1) Use of housing -population per unit, vacancy rate, persons per room, length of time occupied (2) Characteristics of structure - plumbing, appliances, year built, type of building (3) Financial characteristics - value, rent (4) Information broken out for Negro heads of households, Spanish-speaking heads 1970; next issue will cover 1930 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Material is dated; new census in 19R0 Material is broken down for Miami and Miami SMSA (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the U. S. Government Printing Office for 52.50 (4) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -219- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: — Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 531 Coldwell Banker Updated annually Survey of industrial space users and markets in Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties. (1) Major locations of industrial activity (2) Occupied industrial space, by type of user (3) Vacant industrial space (4) Rent levels (5) Average size of industrial space, by 2-digit SIC (6) Sources of demand for industrial space: new to area, expansion/relocation/new businesses 1970-77. (7) Owner/renter occupancy (8) Rail/non-rail users (9) Building/land ratios, by area Updated annually (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Survey conducted by Coldwell Banker,; may not be consistent with other data sources. Excellent; updated annually. Excellent - provides good profile of local industrial market, including data for the City and subareas of the City. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not available to the public, but Coldwell Banker is willing to work with OTCD by providing certain information. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Uncommon - based on surveys conducted by students and part-time staff plus information provided by the sales staff. (7) Other/Comments: Excellent data source. Coldwell Banker is interested in working with the City. -220- 532 Title: Author/Agency: ColdNell Banker Date: Updated annually at least General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: \ 3UrVeys of office and retail markets in Dade, 8rovard and Palm Beach counties. l Tenants 2 Rents/pricey (3) Space availability Updated annually at least /l\ Consistency: Based On Coldwell Banker surveys; May not be consistent with Other data sources. (2) Timeliness: Excellent; updated frequently. /3\ Relevancy: Good data on major land use real estate markets. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery : Not available to the public' � ,5,\ Comprehensiveness: Good. /6\ Accuracy/Quality: Unknown. ~22l- ` \ -533- Title: Development Pending in Brickell Area Author/Agency: City of Miami, Planning Department Date: N/A General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: Map indicating major developments planned along Brickell Avenue. (1) Type of development (2) Location (3) Floor area - size (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the City Planning Dept. (2) Accuracy/Quality: Covers Brickell area only. -222- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 534 Florida Lodging Industry 1978 Laventhal & Horwath Prepared annually Statistics and analysis of lodging industry in Florida with some information for major tourist areas (1) Income and expenses including marketing ex- penses, energy costs, and administrative costs (2) Balance ratios (3) Trends in sales and occupancy for Miami, Miami Beach and other Florida cities and regions Primarily 1977; trend information goes back to 1960. (1) Timeliness: Updated at end of each year. (2) Relevancy: Good source for comparing Miami to other areas on efficiency, price, etc. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Laventhal and Horwath, 201 Alhambra Circle Coral Gables, Florida 33134 -223- 535 Title: Greater Miami Hotel and Motel Association Motel/Hotel Inventor Author/Agency: Greater Miami Hotel and Motel Association Date: 1978 General Description: List of hotels and motels in the Miami area. Type of Data: (1) AddresseS, number of rooms and amenities ateachestablishment Time Period Covered: Eval+ration: Present (1) Consistency: Agrees with other publications (2) Accessibility/Free/DfromV the association; dis- tributed by Miami -Metro Tourism Office. (3) Comprehensiveness: Only members of the association are included; many small estab- lishments are excluded. -224- Title: 601 Author/Agency: Florida International University Center for Labor Research and Studies Date: Possible May or June 1979 General Description: Labor market analysis for Dade and Monroe Counties Type of Data: Not yet determined Evaluation: (1) Relevancy: Will include a survey of major employers .to determine labor force needs - 100`, sample of large employers, 50`; medium sized employers, 10% random survey of small employers. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Would be available from Florida International A University. Some usable data may be•avnilable as early as May 1979. (3) Comprehensiveness: Should include employment projections for Dade and Monroe Counties for upcoming five years, as well as survey results as cited above. -225- 602 Title: Author/Agency: Date: A Compilation of Existing Labor Market Data Florida International University, Center for Labor Research and Studies February 14, 1978 General Description: Employment projections by occupation, Dade County Type of Data: (Taken from Florida Department of Commerce) (1) Projected need, b.y specific occupation (2) Unemployment by occupation (for insured unemployed) Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1977 (1) Consistency: Data are from Florida State Department of Commerce. (2) Timeliness: 12 years old. (3) Relevancy: Good. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available free of charge from the issuing agency. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good coverage of employment categories, although not all categories are included. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Limited by coverage and comprehensiveness of reported data - covers only some cate- gories and only insured unemployed. Title: 603 Author/Agency: Florida International University Center for Labor Research and Studies. Date: Estimated July 1979 General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: Study of CETA placement (1) Who is trained (2) What agencies are providing training (3) What kinds of jobs are trained people going into (4) What was the success of the program (5) What type of training is provided (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Not Available yet. -227- 604 Title: Author/Agency: Dade County Office of Economic Development Coordination Date: Estimated May 20, 1979 General Description: Study of the CETA placement system Evaluation: (1) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Contact Mike De Luz at Dade County OEDC. -228- 605 Title: • CETA Training Programs Author/Agency: CETA Date: FY 1978-1979 General Description: List of training programs available through CETA. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) List of CETA classroom training (2) List of jobs for CETA on-the-job training FY 1978-1979 (1) Comprehensiveness: Only the titles of jobs and classes are listed. There is no explanation of their content. -229- 606 Title: Opportunities For Work in Prinicpal Areas of Florida Author/Agency: State of Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Bureau of Employment Services. Date: N/A General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Ranking of job opportunities for selected occupations in 29 Flroida Communities, including Miami-Hialeah- Homestead-Perrine. (1) Rating of prospective job opportunities for specific occupations in clerical and sales, professional and managerial, skilled and semi- skilled, and service groups. May - November 1979 (1) Consistency: Based on experience of local and regional FSES offices. (2) Timeliness: Excellent; covers current time period. (3) Relevancy: Good overview of local job markets. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available free from the local FSES office. (5) Comprehensiveness: Good - covers many occupational. categories and 29 cities in Florida. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good - based on FSES experience -230- Title: The Career Book 607 Author/Agency: Miami -Dade Community College Date: N/A General Description: Information on occupational programs at Miami -Dade Community College Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Types of training provided with "career goal" (2) General information t�aofut eachecampusge: b) admissions c) cost Current. (1) Timeliness: Regularly updated. (2) Relevancy: Shows type of training provided to potential labor pool participants. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: te from ollege. (4) Comprehensiveness: Does not indicate success of programs or quality of training. -231- 608 Title: Vocational and Adult Education Year End Report Author/Agency: Division of Vocational and Adult Education Dade County Public Schools Date: 1976-77 (annual) General Description: Descriptions of and statistics on programs run by Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Vocational centers (2) Courses provided in each program (3) Enrollment and number of teachers for each program (4) Pie chart of sources of funding for programs contracted for by other organizations or agencies 1976-77 (1) Timeliness: Updated annually. (2) Relevancy: Shows public school courses available for training labor pool; indicates proportion of those entering labor pool trained in various areas. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from schools. (4) Comprehensiveness: Does not discuss long-range plans; does not show proportion of school budget spent on programs; does not show success of programs. (5) Accuracy;Quality: Prepared by school system - using its own records. -232- 609 Title: Schools Licensed by the State Board of Independent Postsecondary Vocational, Technical, Trade and Business Schools Author/Aaency: State Board of Independent Postsecondary, Vocational Technical Trade and Business Schools; Department of Education. Date: Updated annually General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: List of all private postsecondary schools in Florida (1) Addresses and contacts for each school. (1) Timeliness: Updated each year. (2) Relevancy: Indicates availability, of private vocational education in City, Dade and other Florida locations. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Board. (5) Comprehensiveness: .Does not include description of schools nor any indication of school's quality. -233- 610 Title: Course Ratio 1978-79 Author/Agency: Division of Vocational and Adult Education; Dade County Public Schools Date: October 1978 General Description: List of every vocational course offered in 1978-79 by Dade County schools Type of Data: (1) Grade levels for which course can be offered (2) Required maximum pupil/teacher ratio Time Period Covered: School year 1978-79 Evaluation: (1) Timeliness: September 1978; current. (2) Relevancy: Indicates vocational courses available or which can be provided in public schools. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Dade County Public Schools Division of Vocational and Adult Education. (4) Comprehensiveness: Most complete list of course titles available but little information on each course is included. -234- 611 Title: Occupational Outlook Handbook, 1978-1979 Edition Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics Date: 1978; published biennually General Description: Description of outlook for, duties, and requirements for three hundred occupations and 35 industries nation- wide. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: A) For each occupation: (1) Nature of the work (2) Training, education and other qualifications require (3) Employment outlook (4) Earnings and working conditions (5) Places of employment (types regional orientations) B) For 35 industries: (1) Nature of the industry (2) Occupations in the industry' (3) Training required (4) Employment outlook (5) Earnings and working conditions. 1976-1985 (1) Timeliness: Data are based on 1976 analysis. (2) Relevancy: Good background information for national perspective. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: For sale by the U.S. Government Printing) Office. (4) Comprehensiveness: Excellent coverage of occupations; good coverage of industries. Information pro- vided is basic and -national in scope. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -235- 612 Title: Occupational Projections and Training Data Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Date: 1979; published biennually General Description: Supply and demand for several hundred occupations, nationwide. Type of Data: (1) Projected job openings 1976 to 1985. (2) Numbers of people completing training in each occupational field. Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1976-1985 (1) Timeliness: Data are based on 1976 information. (2) Relevancy: Good background information on national trends. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: For sale by the Atlanta BLS Regional Office (cost - $3.25) (4),Comprehensiveness: Excellent coverage of occupations; good coverage of industries. In- formation provided is basic and national in scope. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good -236- 701 Title: City of Miami Annual Budcet,Fiscal Year 1978-1979 Author/Agency: City of Miami, Department of'Management and Budget Date: September 29, 1978; issued annually General Description: Expenditures planned and revenues expected for fiscal year 1978-1979 (October 1, 1978 - October 1,, 1979). Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Revenue - by source (2) Expenditures - by.department, special programs, other (e.g., general obligation bonds) (3) Explanation of changes and uncertainties (4) Millage and taxable value 1960-1979 October 1, 1978 through October 1, 1979, with comparisons to previous fiscal year (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Prepared annually for coming year. Complete description of city's financial status; indicates ability of City to.fund new programs. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from the City Management and Budget Office. -237- 702 Title: Florida Ad Valorem Valuations and Tax Data Author/Agency: Florida Department of Revenue Date: 1978; issued annually General Description: Assessed values of property in Florida as of January 1, 1978, with comparative millage rates and levies. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Comparative statements of assessments by county, 1976-1978 (2) Real property exemptions, 1975-1978 (3) Personal property exemptions, 1975-1978 (4) Taxable values, 1975-1978 (5) Comparative statements of assessments by municipality, 1977 and 1978 (6) Comparison of millage rates, taxes levied and collected by county in 1977 (7) Glossary of tax terms (8) Miscellaneous category including: just value of real property, state totals of net, assessed values, 1912-1978. 1912-1978, concentrating on recent years (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: (3) Compiled annually for current fiscal year. Useful for comparing Dade and Miami's tax base and tax rates with other Florida Counties and cities. Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from State Department of Revenue (4) Comprehensiveness: Most information provided by county rather than city. (5) Accuracy/Quality: The official tax information source for the State. -238- 703 Title: Annual Report of the Comptroller Author/Agency: Gerald A. Lewis, Comptroller, State of Florida Date: Jun 30, 1978 General Description: A report of the financial transactions of the boards, departments, agencies and institutions of the state. Tyne of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Sources of revenue for the state (2) Expenditures by the State by department, board, etc. (broken down within each by type of expenditure, e.g. salaries) (3) Taxes collected by type, by county (4) State distributions to counties, municipalities and school districts. Fiscal year ending June 30, 1978. (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Prepared annually for completed fiscal year. Provides some information on state funds availability and comparative county tax collections. (3)_Accessibility/CoFreeelre omrState Comptroller. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Official State Information. -239 - Title: Author/Agency: Date: 704 Guidebook to Florida Taxes and Licensing Requirements Florida Department of Revenue, Taxpayer Assistance Section July 1979 General Description: Description of taxes and licensing requirements in the state. Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Ad valorem taxes explained as well as exemptions (2) Types of state licenses defined (3) Commercial taxes listed including corporate income and intangibles tax (4) Workmen's compensation assessments described. Present (1) Consistency: Official state information. (2) Timeliness: Updated to reflect legislative changes. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Florida Department of Revenue. (4) Comprehensiveness: Does not include information on tax rates for municipalities -240- 801 Title: Annual Report of the Division of Bankina, 1977 Author/Agency: Comptroller, State of Florida General Description: Balance sheet and operating data for commercial banks and trust companies, State and SMSA totals, Type of Data: by bank; by SMSA: (1) Total assets (2) Total equity capital (3) Total loans (4) Total deposits (5) Demand deposits (6) Time and savings deposits (7) Interest and fees (8) Operating income (9) Salaries and benefits (10) Total operating expenses (11) Structural analysis (holding co. vs. independent) Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 1977 ( Timeliness: Produced annually. Most recent - 1977. 1978 report expected in June or July. (2) Relevancy: Limited. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Division of Banking, Department of Banking and Finance (Tallahassee). (4) Comprehensiveness: Quite Comprehensive. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -241- • Title: Author/Agency: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 802 Comparative Figures Report Florida Bankers Association Balance sheet information for commercial banks, by bank. (1) Loans (2) Time/demand deposits -by month -by county As of December 31, 1978 (1) Timeliness: (2) Relevancy: Issued twice per year currently; after March 21 will be issued quarterly. Limited. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery : $10.40 annual subscription fee. (4) Comprehensiveness: (5) Accuracy/Quality: -242- All Florida banks. Excellent. 803 Title: Author/Agency: Florida Bankers Association Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Florida Banking Structure Balance sheet information for bank holding companies (1) Deposits (2) Loans (1) Consistency: Same data available from State Dept. of Banking (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: (5) Comprehensiveness: Bank holding companies only (6) Accuracy/Quality: -243- 804 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Branch Office Study Federal Home Loan Bank Savings by branch for Dade County S & L's (1) Total savings Six-month periods - most recent is September 1978 (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Relevancy: Comparable to reports, on commercial banks from the FDIC, the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Reserve Issued every 6 months, three months after date of data collection Limited - total savings only Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Federal Home Loan Bank Comprehensiveness: Covers all FSLIC - insured savings associations Accuracy/Quality: Good -244- Title: Statement of Condition of Sixth District Member Banks Author/Agency: Federal Reserve - Atlanta, Statistics Division Date: December 1978 General Description: Balance sheet data for member banks Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Deposits (2) Loans (3) Investments (4) Reserves (5) Capital (6) Deposits (7) Loans (8) Investments (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: Last issue - December 1978; hope to renew publication this summer (3) Relevancy: Lack of detailed breakdown (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers only Federal Reserve member banks (approximately 40% of all banks, approximately 70% of total assets nationwide) (6) Accuracy/Quality: -245- 806 Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Special Reports from Report of Conditions Reports Federal Reserve - Atlanta, Statistics Division Quarterly Special computer runs, Dade County (1) Assets by type (2) Liabilities by type (3) Equity capital (4) Real estate loans by type (5) Loans to financial institutions by type (6) Other loans by type (7) Other information Quarterly (1) Consistency: Excellent (2) Timeliness: Excellent (3) Relevancy: Good data on financial resources (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Special runs cost $10 per hour of programming time and $60 per hour of computertime. Some print-outs are available for $10 per hour. Specific data availability to be arranged (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers all Federal Reserve and FDIC member banks (6) Accuracy/Quality: Very good -246- Title: Author/Agency: Federal Home Loan Bank Date: General Description: Balance sheet and income/expense statements for S & L's, by branch Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Assets (2) Liabilities (3) Net worth (4) Detailed income/expense statement (5) Total deposit balance Issued twice a year, available 3 months after date (1) Consistency: Comparable to reports on'commercW • banks from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Federal Reserve , (2) Timeliness: Data to be published roughly three months after period covered (3) Relevancy: 'Financial resources of Savings and Loans (4) 'Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, Washington, D.C., see attached price list (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers all FSLIC - insured associations, available since August 1, 1977 (6) Accuracy/Quality: -247- TENTATIVE PRICE LIST FOR INDUSTRY DATA REPORTS 1. Printed Copy A. Balance sheet and income and expense statement (June 30 and December 31 or other semiannual fiscal period). 1. Most Recent Report Costs: $6.00 1-5 S&L's $2.00 Per S&L for each additional S&L, up to 25 S&L's Over 25 S&L's pvr request, each S&L costs 25 cents Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 S15L's cost: $6.00 6 S&L' $8.00 25 S&I,' , $46.00 45 S&L's $51.00 2. Previous Periods Reports Costs: $9.00 $2.00 1-5 S&L's for each additional S&L Up to 25 S&L's Over 25 S&L's per request, each S&L costs 25 cents. Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 S&L's cost: 6 S&L's cost 25 S&L's cost 45 S&L's cost $ 9.00 $11 0C $49.00 $54.0(1 B. Individual office deposit balances (Septemb_r 30 or March 31) 1. Most Recent Report Costs: $3.00 for 1-5 pages $1.00 per page for each additional page, up to total of 25 pages Over 25 pages per request cost 10 cents per page. Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 page requests cost $3.00 6 pages cost $4.00 25 pages cost $23.00 2. Previous Period Reports Costs: $4.00 for 1-5 S&L's $2.00 for each additional S&L. Up to a total of 25 S&L's Over25 S&1.'s, 25 cents per S&L Examples: 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 S&L's 6 S&L's cost 25 S&L's cost 45 S&L's cost $ 4.00 $ 6.00 $44.00 $49.00 -248- II. Magnetic Tapes All tapes will be created on the Federal Home Loan'Bank Board's Digital Equipment Corporation (Decsystem-10) computer on a "time available" basis. There will be two basic formats. A. The first is the Federal Nome Loan Bank Board's internal format. 1. Balance sheet and income and expense statements will have 4,046 characters per record, one record per block, 800 BPI, even parity, 7 track, no label or tape mark at the beginning of the file and data recorded in Si:•:bit imbedded Comp. Price:' S50.00 2. Office depost balances will have 217 characters per record, one record per block; 800 BPI, even parity, 7 track, no label or tape mark at beginning of file and data recorded in ASCII. Price: $50.00 B. The second is after conversion to the universal EBCDIC format. 1. Balance sheet and income and expense statement will have 4,046 characters per record, 3 records per block, 800 BPI, odd parity, 9 track, no label or tape mark and data recorded in EBCDIC. Price: $150.00 2. Office deposit balances will have 217 characters per record, 3 records per block, 800 BPI, odd parity, 9 track, no label or tape mark and data recorded. in EBCDIC. Price: $150.00 -249- 808 Title: Author/Agency: Florida Savings and Loan League Date: General Description: Balance sheet data for S & L's by month Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Assets by month (2) Savings by month (3) Mortgages by month (4) Branching information (5) New S & L information (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available only to members, but provided the University of Florida (5) Comprehensiveness: (6) Accuracy/Quality: -250- 809 Title: Bank Operating Statistics 1977 Author/Agency: FDIC Date: 1978 General Description: Year-end data based on Reports of Condition and Reports of Income - for Florida and Dade County Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Detailed assets, liabilities and equity capital, December 1977 and 1976-1977 % change Detailed income and expenses, 1977 and 1976-1977,% change Securities, loan mix and ratios Consistency: Consistent with other Federal Reserve banking data (2) Timeliness: Most recent data are for 1977. Published annually (3) Relevancy: Good data for Dade County (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available at no charge from the FDIC Office of Information: (202) 389-4221 (5) Comprehensiveness: Very comprehensive for Dade County (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent -251- 810 Title: , Assets and Liabilities - Commercial & Mutual Savinas Banks - December 31, 1977 and 1977 Report of Income Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: FDIC, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, 1973. 1978 Compilation of Reports of Condition and Reports of Income data - for the U.S. and States. (1) Detailed assets, liabilities, and equity capital (2) Detailed income and expenses Up to December 31, 1977. (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other data from Reports of Condition and Reports of Income. (2) Timeliness: tlost recent data are 11/2 years old. Published semi-annually for periods ending June 30 and December 31. (3) Relevancy: Good data for State of Florida. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available at no charge from the FDIC Office of Information: (202) 389-4221. (5) Comprehensiveness: Extremely comprehensive for Florida and U.S. data. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -252- Title: Author/Agency: Date: General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: 811 Summary of Deposits: In all Commercial and Mutual Savings Banks FDIC 1978 Aggregate results of a June 30 survey of deposits - data given by state, county, SMSA and FDIC Region. (1) Number of banks, banking offices (2) Deposits by class of bank (3) Deposits by type of deposit (4) Percent of deposits by type in 5 largest banks As of June 30, 1978. (1) Consistency: (2) Timeliness: (3) Relevancy: Consistent with other Federal Reserve banking data. Most recent data are less than one year old. Published annually for data as of June 30. Good data for Dade County. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available at no charge from the FDIC Office of Information: (202) 389-4221. (5) Comprehensiveness: Very Comprehensive for Dade County. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -253- 812 Title: Reports of Condition and Reports of Income Author/Agency: FDIC Type of Data: (1) Detailed assets, liabilities and equity capital (2) Detailed income and expenses Time Period Covered: Available for past 10 years. Evaluation: (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other Federal banking data. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the FDIC -requests must be made by name of bank, in writing to the Division of Management Systems and Financial Statistics. Charge of $1.00 for first Report and $0.25 for each additional report. (3) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. Title: Author/Agency: General Description: Type of Data: Evaluation: 813 Deposit Data FDIC Computer printout of deposit data for all banking offices of a specific bank or all banks in a given area. (1) Deposit data for Dade County (1) Consistency: Consistent with all other Federal banking data (2) Relevancy: Excellent - Data for Dade County or any given bank are available. (3) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available through the FDIC Office of Information - (202) 389-4701 - for a $5.00 charge. (4) Comprehensiveness: Excellent. (5) Accuracy/Quality: Excellent. -255- 814 -1 Title: Metropolitan Miami: A Demographic Overvie.+ Author/Agency: William W. Jenna, Jr., in cooperation with the Center. for Urban Studies, University of Miami, 1972 Date: 1972 Type of Data: Est. of the Economic Base of Dade County, 1970: (1) External funds (external investment, property income, transfer payments, other labor income) (2) Basic economic activities (tourism, manufacturing, aircraft maintenance and overhaul, wholesaling, agriculture, air freight activities, air home office activities, research, other) Time Period Covered: Evaluation: To 1970 (1) Timeliness: Very old data. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Copies no longer available. Copies are held in the Dade County Planning Depart- ment library. (3) Comprehensiveness: Good. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Good. 815 Title: Earnings by Industry Author/Agency: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Analysis Division DAte: N/A General Description: Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: Earnings by industry, 1960-1977, State of Florida with projections to 2000 (1) Earnings by industry (2-digit SIC) (2) Population /% of U.S. (3) Personal income /% of U.S. (4) Per capita income /% of U.S. (5) Earnings by industry as % of U.S. for major categories 1960-2000 (1) Consistency: Interim revisions of OBERS program. (2) Timeliness: Very fo r most 1e7ent historical data are (3) Relevancy: Limited - State totals only. (4) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Available from the issuing agency. (5) Comprehensiveness: Covers State totals only. (6) Accuracy/Quality: Good. -257- 816 Title: A Guide to Florida and Miami for Foreign Banking Institutions Author/Agency: Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company. Date: November, 1977 Type of Data: Time Period Covered: Evaluation: (1) Description of types of taxes for foreign banking and other activities (2) Overview of trade, transportation, housing and labor (3) State regulation of banking discussed (4) Comparison of Florida taxes with Georgia, New York and Illinois (specifically compares Miami, Chicago and Atlanta) N/A (1) Timeliness: Some information dated by recent legislative action. New edition being prepared and expected to be issued in August, 1979. (2) Accessibility/Cost/Delivery: Free from Peat, Marwick, Mitchell and Company. (3) Comprehensiveness: Thorough discussion of tax laws and their effect on foreign banking institutions. (4) Accuracy/Quality: Somewhat dated. -258-