HomeMy WebLinkAboutM-81-0995TRANSPORTATION PLANNING DATA MAINTENANCE
LAND USE, ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
FOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
Research Division -
Metropolitan Dade County
Planning Department
900 Brickell Plata =
909 S. E. 1 Avenue
Miami, Florida 33131
Unified Planning Work Program
Transportation Planning and
Related Planning Activities
For the Period July 1, 1977 — June 30, 1978
Metropolitan Planning Organization, June, 1977
September, 1978
The preparation of this report by the Metropolitan Dade County
Planning Department was financed in part by the U.S. Department
of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration and the Urban
Mass Transportation Administration. The opinions, findings,
and conclusions expressed in this report are not necessarily
those of the Urban Mass Transportation Administration or the
Federal Highway Administration.
Household sample data available on the annual housing survey public use
tape was used for further analysis of the relationship between housing
value (or rent) and household income. The coefficient oT correlation
(R) for income with value was 0.457; for income with rents it was 0.473.
A negative correlation between income and the value -income ratio suggest
that as incomes increase, households tend to pay proportionately less of
their income towards housing.
Some explanations for the poor correlation between value (or rent) and
income include the following. Some elderly households may have reduced
income but not necessarily reduced capacity to afford housing. Some
owners may have more valuable homes than their incomes would indicate
_ because the homes were purchased sometime ago at lower prices. Some
lower income households may spend more for housing than would be expected
because they do not have complete freedom of choice in the market.
_ Other factors include the qualifications previously discussed on incomes
reported and the accuracy of housing values estimated by respondents.
HOUSEHOLD VEHICLES
Autos - Data for 1975 availability of autos to households may be compared
with earlier census data. Changes in auto availability from 1970 to 1975
show the first tangible evidence of the effects of recent fuel shortages
and the rapidly rising cost of vehicle ownership and operation. While
the number of autos available per household or per capita continues to
increase, there is nothing like the rates of change that were observed
between 1960 and 1970. The proportion of households with more than one
car increased from 24 percent to 34 percent during the 1960s, and has
not changed much since 1970.
Table 25
Households by Auto Availability
Dade County, Florida, 1960 to 1975
1960
1970
1975
Automobiles
Available
Households Percent
Households
Percent
Households
Percent
None
65,379
21.2
84,034
19.6
99,100
19.4
1
169,522
55.0
198,280
46.3
236.200
46.3
2
66,123
21.4
120,593
28.2
142,100
27.9
3 or More
7,279
2.4
25,119
5.9
32,400
6.4
Total
308,325
100.0
428.026
100.0
509,800
100.0
Average
Automobiles
Per Household 1.05 1.21 1.22
Sources: 1960 and 1970 - U.S. Census.
1975 - Annual Housing Survey: 1975
32
Those who, due to such factors as age, disability or economic reasons,
cannot use a private automobile, comprise a large percentage of Dade
County's total population. According to 1970 census data, one out of
every five households did not have access to an automobile, and the
proportion has not changed much since 1970.
License Tags - The trend apparent in local license data is the increase
in light vehicles other than private autos. The rate of increase in
light trucks, recreational vehicles and motor cycles over the period
studied has been one and one-half times as great as the rate of increase
in private passenger cars. An unknown but presumably high proportion of
the nearly 150,000 pick-ups, vans, campers and cycles licensed in 1977
in Dade County were used by households.
Table 26
Motor Vehicle License Tags Issued
Dade County, Florida, 1960 to 1977
Passenger
Cars
Light
Recreation
Motor-
All Other
Year
For Hire
Private
Trucks
Vehicles
cycles
Vehicles
Total
1960
18,143
391,230
26,104
--
5,256
47,203
492,628
1965
33,333
469,492
29,254
--
7,401
54,190
593,670
1969-70*
51,797
606,487
43,052
--
12,563
82,556
796,455
1970-71
46,423
626,711
46,547
--
15,068
87,597
822,346
1971-72
49,744
669,607
50,937
--
15,953
95,343
881,584
1972-73
62,435
707,787
57,296
12,570
16,292
93,068
949,448
1973-74
63,855
751,292
64,682
14,462
18,283
100,150
1,012,724
1974-75
50,744
787,292
67,340
15,104
18,470
101,097
14040,047
1975-76
55,969
787,155
73,458
14,706
16,733
360,195
1,308,216
1976-77
72,439
1.124,607
103,863
19,858
22,647
408,551
1,751,965
*Data for 1969-70 are for a 13 month period used during a changeover to
July I fiscal reporting. Data for all other periods are for 12 months.
Source: State of Florida, Motor Vehicle Division.
Trucks - Recent data on the availability of light trucks to households
allow perhaps a more useful estimate of vehicles than the restrictive
category of passenger cars. The average number of autos per household
estimated for 1975 is 1.22. Including light trucks brings the estimate
up to 1.33 vehicles per household. But, this does not include motor-
cycles which might be involved in household trip making. The availability
of vehicles to households in 1975 is shown below. A significant number
33
of households own light trucks and passenger cars. Previous analysis has
generally assumed that trucks represented a minor proportion of household
vehicles. The 1975 household vehicle data and the license tag information
suggest that non -passenger car vehicles may be an important factor in
determining travel patterns of households.
Table 27
Households by Vehicle Availability
Dade County, Florida, 1975
Cars
in Household
Light Trucks
Four or
in Household
None
1
2
3
More
Total
None
94,468
206,460
133,317
23,027
4,820
462,097
1
4,066
27,539
8,095
3,241
910
43,851
2 or More
516
2,249
653
391
0
3,809
Total
99,051
236,250
142,066
25,550
5,730
509,757
Source: 1975 Annual Housing Survey, public use file.
Vehicle Ownership and Selected Variables - The relationship between
vehicle ownership and the number of persons in each household is shown
in Table 28 below. The majority of households own either one or two
cars. The majority of one -person households have either one car or
none. Generally, as household size increases, so does the number of
cars.
Table 28
Relative Distribution of Households
by
Vehicles*
per
Dade
Household
County,
by Persons -Per -Household
Florida, 1975
Vehicles
Per
Persons -Per -Household
Total
Household
1
2
3
4
5
6+
Households
None
9.7
5.5
1.7
0.7
0.5
0.6
18.7
1
11.8
15.6
6.3
4.4
1.8
1.5
41.4
2
1.1
10.9
7.2
6.8
3.3
2.3
31.6
3
0.1
0.8
1.7
1.7
1.3
0.8
6.4
4
0
0.1
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.6
1.9
Total
Households
22.7
32.9
17.1
14.1
7.4
5.8
100.0
Average
Vehicles Per
Household
0.6
1.2
1.6
1.8
1.9
1.9
1.3
* Autos and light trucks
Source: 1975 Annual Housing Survey, public use file.
34
Employment status of the head of household is a significant factor in
explaining household vehicles. It appears that the trip'to work accounts
for most of the second vehicles. The work trip data indicates more
than 35 percent of the heads of household were not employed. Tabulation
of employment status by age of head helped to clarify the meaning of
this statistic. Nearly two thirds of the heads reporting "not employed"
were over 62 years old, and moat likely not in the labor force. A few
of the younger heads not employed may not be in the labor force, either.
Table 29
Relative Distribution of Households
by Vehicles per Household by Employment Status
Dade County, Florida, 1975
Vehicles Employment Status of Head
Per Not No Total
Household Employed Employed Answer Households
None
5.2
13.1
0.2
18.5
1
25.9
15.2
0.2
41.3
2
25.4
6.1
0.2
31.7
3
5.5
1.0
0.0
6.5
4+
1.7
0.3
0.0
2.0
Total
Household
63.7
35.7
0.6
100.0
Average Vehicles
Per Household 1.6 0.9 1.0 1.3
Source: 1975 Annual Housing Survey, public use file.
Available data for 1975 on vehicle ownership by age of household head
is shown below. The majority of households headed by persons aged 63
and over either don't own a car or own only one car. Comparative data
for households headed by persons under 63 indicates these households
generally own one or two cars. Most of the households owning three or
more cars are in the younger age group. Vehicle ownership appears to be
highly dependent on age and/or employment status of the head of household.
35
Table 30
Relative Distribution of Households
by Vehicles per Household by Age of Head
Dade County, Florida, 1975
Vehicles
Age of Head
Total
per Household
Under 63 63 and Over
Households
None
7.9 10.6
18.5
One
29.9 11.4
41.3
Two
28.5 3.1
31.6
Three
6.1 .5
6.6
Four plus
1.9 .1
2.0
Total Households
74.3 25.7
100.0
Average Vehicles
per Household
1.5 0.8
1.3
Source: 1975 Annual Housing Survey, public use file.
The distribution of vehicles by income levels is contained in Table 31
below. Those households earning less than $5,000 per year usually own
one or no car. As the income rises the number of households with at
least one car also rises. Those households earning $15,000 or more
usually own at least one car and this income bracket represents the
majority of households with two cars.
Table 31
Relative Distribution of Households
by Vehicles per Households by Income Levels
Dade County, Florida, 1975
Vehicles
Per
household Income
Level
Total
Household
- 10,000-
$1.00 -
5,000-
$14,000-
15,000+
Households
$ 0
$4,999
$9,999
$14,999
None
0.1
11.5
5.1
1.3
.7
18.7
1
0.3
8.4
13.7
9.8
9.0
41.2
2
0.2
1.5
5.2
6.5
18.2
31.6
3
0.0
.1
0.7
1.2
4.1
6.7
4+
0.0
0.0
.1
.3
1.4
1.8
Total
Households 0.6 21.5 24.8 19.1 34.0 100.0
Average
Vehicles per
Household 1.2 0.5 1.1 1.4 1.9 1.3
Source: 1975 Annual Housing Survey, public use file.
36
Traffic zones were classified low-income, middle -income or high -income
on the basis of 1970 Census household income data from the UTPP traffic
zone file. The classes were established so that about 35 percent of
all households fell into the low income category, 40 percent middle
income and 25 percent high income. The same proportions would apply to
the projected income classifications.
Several assumptions were made in determining whether zones would change
from one income category to another over the projection period. Middle
income zones with older housing and poorer accesibility would tend to
become low income. Attempts to attract high income residents back to
the urban core areas would not be very successful. Developments on the
urban fringe would be either middle or high income. Remote developments
in the western part of the county would not attract significant numbers
of high income households. Zones along the bay and ocean would continue
to attract high income residents. Mean household incomes were estimated
for each income classification based on the projected distribution of
household incomes.
Table 56
Mean Household Incomes
(Incomes in constant 1969 Dollars)
Dade County, Florida 1975 to 2000
Income 1975 1985 2000
Class
Low 5,600 7,000 9,900
Middle 9,500 11,800 16,800
High 15,500 19,300 28,400
Source: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department, Research
Division.
AUTOMOBILES
_ The method of projecting automobiles extrapolates historical and current
trends in automobile ownership rates. The 1985 and 2000 rates derived
from extrapolation of trends are depicted in Table 57. The data indi-
cates that the proportions of households with two or less care is expected
to be relatively the same as 1975 proportions. The only significant change
occurs in those households having three or more cars. The proportion of
three plus car households is expected to increase from 2.4 percent in 1960
to 10 percent in 2000. The percent of households with no cars is expected
to remain relatively constant in the forthcoming years.
64
Table 57
Automobile Availability
Rates
for Households Dade County,
Florida
1960 to 2000
Households with 1960 1970
1975 1985
2000
No Car 21.2 19.6
19.5 19.0
18.0
One Car 55.0 46.3
46.0 46.0
46.0
Two Cars 21.4 28.2
28.0 27.0
26.0
Three or More Cars 2.4 5.9
6.5 8.0
10.0
Total 100.0 100.0
100.0 100.0
100.0
Average Automobiles
Per Household 1.05 1.21
1.22 1.26
1.30
Source: 1960 and 1970 - U.S. Census.
1975 - Annual Housing Survey, public
use file.
1985 and 2000 - Metropolitan Dade
county Planning Department,
Research Division
Estimates.
The 1985 and 2000 projected rates were multiplied
by the 1985 and
2000
_
household projections of 655,000 and 796,000,
respectively. The
1975,
1985 and 2000 distribution of automobiles in
households are shown
below.
Estimates of total automobiles were derived by multiplying the number of
cars available by the number of households in each group. The open ended
category of three or more cars was multiplied by 3.2.
Table 58
Household Automobiles
by
Automobile Availability
Dade
County, Florida, 1975 to 2000
Automobiles
1975 1985
2000
_Available
Households
Percent Households Percent
Households
Percent
None
99,100
19.5 124,450 19.0
143,280
18.0
One
236,200
46.0 301,300 46.0
366.160
46.0
Two
142,100
28.0 176,850 27.0
206,960
26.0
Three Plus
32,400
6.5 52,400 8.0
79,600
10.0
Total
509,800
100.0 655,000 100.0
796,000
100.0
Households
Total
Automobiles
624,080
822,680
1,034,800
Source:
Metropolitan
Dade county Planning Department, Research
Division.
A%
The distribution of automobiles to traffic zones for 1985 and 2000 is based
on an allocation formula which distributes total automobiles based on the
automobiles per household rate calculated from the 1970 UTPP data. For
those traffic zones with a population less than 200 in 1970 a default rate
of 1.2 was used. Total automobiles allocated to traffic zones were then
factored to the 1985 and 2000 control totals of 822,700 and 1,035,000
respectively.
HOTEL AND MOTEL UNITS
The projection of hotel and motel units for 1985 and 2000 contains
several components: the existing inventory of units, planned new con-
struction units, and assumptions about the location of new units on
the beach or mainland. The following section outlines each component
of the projection and how it fits into the analysis.
The discussion of hotel and motel units separates the beaches from the
rest of the County due to the different characteristics associated with
the two areas. The beach area has been tourist oriented in the past.
Most of the older hotel units are located on the beaches and serve the
tourist population. The remaining area, west of Biscayne Bay, contains
a significant portion of the hotel units which serve traffic generated
by the airport terminal and automobile traffic to Miami.
1975 Existing Inventory - data obtained from the State of Florida, Depart-
ment of Business Regulation, Hotels and Restaurants Division on the number
of licensed food service and lodging establishments provides a count of
licensed hotel and motel establishments in Dade County. Final processing
of the file is complete and total hotel and motel units derived from the
file provide the basis for the 1975 totals indicated in Table 59. Total
units are broken into two categories; those used by Dade County residents
for year-round use and those used by non-residents.
Mainland
Beaches
Total
Table 59
Residential and Non -Residential
Hotel and Motel Units
Dade County, Florida, 1975
Residential Non -Residential Total
680
10,050
10,730
20,200 20,800
31,600 41,700
51,800 62,500
Source: Metropolitan Dade County Planning Department,
Research Division.
66
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