HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem #10 - Discussion ItemHonorable Mayor and Members
of the City Commission
1
�l
Howard V. Gary
City Manager
September 12, 1983
Position Paper
Resource Allotment and
Utilization - Miami Police
Department
For the last several years the City of Miami has been aggressively involved in a
"war on crime". It has allotted a considerable portion of its fiscal resources to this
effort and has significantly increased the sworn and civilian personnel at the Police
Department.
Attached is a position paper - RESOURCE ALLOTMENT AND UTILIZATION,
MIAMI POLICE_ DEPARTMENT, which has just recently been completed by staff.
The purpose of this report is to identify and quantify the resources devoted to this
effort and to identify the results that have been achieved.
A survey of 27 cities with a population range of 250,000 to 500,000 was conducted
to determine the commitment of other jurisdictions to the "war on crime". The
data provided by this survev should provide the reader with a sense of proportion
and should not be used as an absolute measure.
Since 1980, the City has authorized an additional 563 positions - 369 sworn and 204
civilian. The budget for the Police Department has increased 82 percent from 31.5
million to 57.3 million. The share of General Fund revenue allotted to the Police
Department increased from 29.6% to 35.9%. Additionally, many management
improvements have been implemented, as well as a greater effort has been devoted
to training, supervising officers.
The statistics for violent crimes are showing a very encouraging decrease; murder
down 16.2%, rapes down 5.3%, robberies down 17.5%, burglaries down 13.5% and
larceny and auto thefts down .9%. The productivity of the force has improved over
this period of time. The average number of arrests per officer increased from 31
to 37 arrests. In 1980, one out of every 59 arrests required some degree of
restraint, in 1982 that ratio had improved to one in 79 cases. The instantances
involving the discharge of firearms decreases from 44 to 34 cases and the actual
number of complaints decreased from 419 to 405 even though an additional 300
officers were added to the force. Delays in responding to service calls decreased
from 31.4% to 12.91.6.
When compared to other cities with population between 250,000 and 500,000,
Miami ranks near the top in all categories. Miami ranks fourth in terms of officers
per population, ranks first in terms of police officers per square mile, ranks third in
terms of actual dollars provided for police use despite the fact that in the survey it
rank,-d ninth in population and is the smallest in land area (square miles). Miami
tied for first place in terms of General Fund allotted to the Police Department. It
ranks %hird in terms of per capita expenditures for police effort spend $143.15 per
capita.
In a survey of the Florida cities with a population of 50.000 or more, four cities had
a higher crime rate than Miami.
Although. the number of Police Officers may be assumed to have an impact on
crime, visual examination of the plotted data and a computer programming model
both indicating there is no observable direct correlation between the number of
Police Officers and Part I crime statistics.
It can be concluded that:
Miami has committed resources sufficient to meet crime fighting and police needs.
The productivity of the Police Department is increasing, as well as insure high
productivity.
Crime in Miami is going down in all categories.
Miami's commitment allotment of resources and utilization of those resources
compares very favorably with comparable cities by any measurement of criterion.
There is no detectable correlation between officers per thousand and crime rate.
i
N'
M
I
POSITION PAPER
RE -SOURCE ALLOTMENT AND UTILIZATION
MIAMI POLICE DEPARTMENT
OFFICE OF THE CITY MANAGER
September 1983
D)SCUSS1.0AI-1
I
INTR01)tJCTION
For the last several ye .rs the City of Mi;:,ni hi!s been . E c;re s;ively involved in a
"war on crime". It Vas ;Rotted a consid-riib!c portion of its fiscal rc'�,.,Urc(_s to this
effort and has significa-)']y increased the s-,vorn and civilian personnel at the Police
Department.
The purpose of this report is to identify and --iantify the resources devoted to this
effort and to identify the results that have been achieved.
A survey of 27 cities, including Miami, with a population range of 250,000 to
500,000 xas conducted to determine the commitment of other jurisdictions to the
"war on crime". The Bata provided by this survey should provide the reader with a
sense of proportion and should not be used as an absolute measure.
A)SCUSS/ON
1 ~ 1
Is
In_rcd,�e. P;--t'wr•en JW2 ;:(�d 1975, 1976
and )979, th,,re was a ({"rreLse, i:nd in 1979 crime rates to acr'elcri:te
a,?a n. I`!rti:iC-Cn 11(Jrt(ireri t:nd I Ihilty Is cn:i`,lci :rC'd by !r(3ny to be the nation's
"v.:orst cri(ne �-(-ar" \,,•ith 13.3 million crimes ro ortc'r1.
Mliami's crime experience was not unlike the experience of other metropolitan
areas across the nation. All classifications of crime increased, reaching its highest
level in 1981 (52,911 crimes reported). Additionally, in Miaini as in the rest of the
nation, these statistics captured the attention of the press nationally and
internationally. In looking at the crime statistics, one can see that the statistics
for Miami grew in much the same proportion as did the statistics for the nation.
15,000
N 12, 0fl0
U
M
B
R 9,000
0
F
C 6, 0130
R
I
M
E
S 3, 013E
INDEX OF CRIME IN THE UNITED STATES
1972 - 1991
�g IZ .015 `91 A �91� %91l �9ill %91$ \16V �9$v i9$`
HMG or our_ s AK TI► M 1.0W
PROPERTY CRIME
VIOLENT CRIME
�. .
-
`* /1!A
Kk
43 C--
N
u S6, ?
K
8
E
R •. �,��
O
F
C
Cw'
R
I
E
S
16,E
te,r.:r
� � 3
10 i u i /,L F,,k i I Cf; i� S
CITY Or
1L73 'TO I%---3
FiZ0?EE TY CRDir-
1 V1DLDQT C23 .E
WZTEi lQSS FICA?.=S ARE PROJECTED RAZED ON SEVEN Y.O:.iYS OF DATA.
DJSCUSS/OAI
I-OCAL "k'Al2 ON C.Pl i "
M`
14
An r-rcurake of tilt' of the City's "war On ( rlttte" is rC'J 1C'Ctl'd in
the Linount of resources allotted for that h :rinse. M--gi►tning in the Burn► er of
19%0, the City Co-mr,15sion authorized 33 idditional s•.vorn hositi ins; 100 in F.Y.'F1;
and 1 S6 in F.Y. 'F2. in F.Y. 'S3 the City Commission authorized an additional 50
officers which brought the total authorized sworn officer force to 1,050. In
addition, for F.Y. 'S3 the City Commission also approved a civilianization plan
which added 113 civilian employees in an effort to release 72 experienced police
officers from administrative duties. During the last four years, the City
Commission has increased the police force by 563 (civilian and sworn) positions for
a total of 1,490 positions %,,-hich represent a 60% increase since 1980. The chart
below summarizes these position increases.
POSITION INCREASE BY YEARS
Year
Sworn
Non -Sworn
Part Time
Total
1980
33
-
(1)
32
1981
100
85
(4)
181
1982
186
1
-
187
1983
50
113
-
163
TOTAL
369
199
(5)
563
in F.Y. >r), 29.rl'Vi of t'_ General FtinC1 Jl:'-'' ?i .tho—CCU :J tl? Police
Department. For F.Y. '83 the percentage increased to 35.9%. The actual dollars
allotted to the Police Department increased 82% between 19SO and 1983, from
$31.5 million to $57.3 million. It should be noted that the City spent SF.8 million
more on police functions than was mandated by the recently enacted amendment to
the State sales tax. During this period the Fire and Solid Waste Departments
essentially maintained a consistent percentage of the General Fund while the
percentages of all other departments were reduced.
Percentage of Police Budget to General Fund
FY 180 - FY 133
FY'80
FY'31
FY'82
FY'83
Police
29.6
30.2
33.7
35.9
1 Fire
21.8
20.3
20.2
21.7
Waste
14.5
14.5
13.3
13.3
Other
34.1
35.0
32.3
29.1
Total
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
General Fund budget $106,268.593 $121,849,447 $137,632,685
$159,511,732
Police budget;
$ 31,502,574
$ 36,852,052
S 46,316,117 $ 57,260,925
The allocation of a significant amount of the City's resources to the "war on crime"
has made it difficult to maintain needed services in other areas. This issue is
aggravated by the loss of the by the law of 741 CETA jobs valued at 513.1 million.
Funds available to provide staff or equipment to other deparments and agencies
were very limited. Additionally, it was necessary to redtice 264 positions from
non -police department in the General Fund providing $7.3 million to fend police
expansion.
AISCUSS/ON - �
A rr•vir.w
of thy crIm-
'01It tivity
o"o, piII
fii ,I If cs
illtr.trrtic's
that
in iOtal Rio ent Cri rit'S in tier' C'Jiy Slrtl.e l�'S0. The r im'( C'r for
19' 3 reflects a prole! ti-� level based on the first s�•ven months of the yt•-ir. Vinlent
crime is def in,,d as t',at ' hich includes acts of murd, r, r;tpe, ro`, ;ery and i
ji
pv,.jr�-v ated h:itt2ry. Vio,ent crinne is ('(-crcasin at a rate greater then the total
Park I Crime as sho%,.•n on an earlier dingr,:m. For the riod 19'0 to 1903
(projected) the rate of decrease was 17.5
`TOTAL VIOLENT CRIMES (1970-1933)
CITY OF 1'7AMI
Irk
y
H
S,Jaaa
B
R
7,eaa
c
i
c
s,aaa
a
M
4, eaa
; � j
•�
E
1
2, C2a
,
i
r
VIOLD'a csuxE
8
PROJEECTION FOR THE YEAR BASED ON 7 MONTHS OF DATA
DisCussIDAv
Ti:� St,itlStlrS fOr ttlC fl'a S'_V('n ilt�)11t11G Of l )�3, '.l.Tl('n r(�Illit trrrl t(1 tll(1CC' for the
ri.,.•'s' a 17.5',, (l_i_f(,.' ,n r(,64)(•ries and a 2.?'�., r',-cr('i!',e in tltc' i,Zir'1�' 11('(j ri` ;nult
Cote Ur1C5. In the vrca of property lvitoI.:ries are ('own by 13.516 and
1rirceny and auto tlt_fts r�.vn by 9.G`�.
CITY UP
Fart I (In.9ex) Cr-ire Con,,^aris:on
gar}' ht c•uch July _ rn3 Ve! nus 1982
,is ?tc.:,Orted* by the Florida C-pz— ..ant of Law %nrorcc:;
classirication
rder
Pape
Fobbery
Acgravated Assault
Burglary
Larceny and 7-uto :heft
Forcent of
Jan.: July 'E2
Jan. --July '83
Chanae _- _
111
93
- 16.2%
227
215
- 5.3t
3,167
2,628
- 17.5%
2,642`
2,585__
6,648
5,750
- 13.5%
18,664
16,984
- 9.0%
A review of the statistics of the 'Miami Police Department illustrates that very
positive results have been achieved. The increase in the number of sworn officers
was a factor in improving the statistics. However, other management and training
efforts which also contributed to the improvement were: the implementation of the
civilianization program, newly established quality controls, expanded officer
supervision, increased emphasis and increases in the time allotted to training, a
revised training curriculum, implementation of a directed patrol program,
implementation of alternative service delivery methods, greater citizen
involvement as well as other innovative programs.
AISCUSSION -- �
O
TiiF ACTI]AL UY: Ol 5)ALF TAX PI-VI:NIII;5
H1 ,("i+L "i:. �}: 193
Million
Sale tax revenues $9.6
Less: 40`'n for property ,ax relief (4.0)
Rernaininc, 5.6
Add: Crime prevention taxes _2.9
Additional sales revenues $8.5
Less: mandated amount for police (2.9)
Remaining $5.6
Less: Additional amount for Police in excess
of mandate amount of $2.9 million (6.8)
Amount used for policeln excess of sales
tax revenues $1.2
5ummar
A. All of 58.5 million in sales tax revenues was used to support Police
Department.
B. City expanded $6.8 millioin more for Police that it was mandated to
spend by law. This mandated amount was $2.9 million and the City
expended $9.7 million.
C. City expended $12 million more on Police than it received in sales tax
revenues ($9.7 million for Police less $8.5 million in sales tax revenues
= $1.2 million deficit.)
AISCUSS/OAv --�
.',1i11;on
Sale tax revenues $10.1
Add: Crime prevention tax 3.5
Additional sale tax revenues 13.5
Less: `Mandated amount for police remaining (3.5)
Less: Additional amount for police (to
continue F.Y. '83 level of service) in
excess of mandated amount of $3.5 million 10.0*
m Balance .1
M
;Does not included salaries increases for 1984 which are currently being
negotiated.
Summary:
A. For F.Y. 184 $10 million of additional sales tax revenues of $10.1 million
is used for Police.
B. City will be expanding $10 million more for Police than it is mandated
to spend by law. This mandate amount is $3.5 million and the City will
expend $13.5 million.
"^�raw�w�-aw+a rw......... .. ..«.....-....�..-....w�..�+ri•rw.+wr__ ._..�9»�'JM11Wl3..-..._.L�-eYaY�iAi.�"leLYk@Y�'"ww` -- ... -
DISCUSSoDw
Aidition�dly it is i•.I,x;rt int to c.:,l.ninc n .,:iI •r of riti t , ,; -ti r itFor t'�.trni,rc:
11 l 'tl l it i ..,iS in •ti r, I.. c, I T I ..1'.0 t0
37 arrests E.r_► o;fi,�er. ?• hl!e in 19SO (,no of every 59 ;irr(•sts swine dt-),rce
of re5traint, In 198?_ that ratio improved to ont- in 79 cab-s.
The actual of r.v-np!<-,in±s (!ecrea5ed frorn 4I9 in 19SO to 405 in 1952, even
though the number of s•,v orn of f icers on the street increased by ;i)proNi rnately 300.
A dramatic improvement was recorded in response time to calls for service. In
1950, 31.4% calls for service experienced a delay in response. In 1982 that number
was reduced to 12.9c,,',.
P.1,--M1 POLICE
1 PODUCTIVITY i,t:D OUTPUT
1980
Total calls for Service 258,719
tr
Percent of Calls for
Service Delayed
Part I Crir..es
Violent Crimes
Arrests
Patio of arrests per
sworn officers (2)
Ratio of Control of
Persons per arrest
Discharge of Firearms
Patio of Discharge of
Firearr..s/?er Sworn Officer
Complaints
Ratio of Cc^.plaints to
personnel (2)
Traffic Accidents
S-.-r.,ons Jssoed
1981 1982
282,804 290,329
31.4%
21.5%
12.9%
52,54-0
52,911
52,901
11,474
11,2.11
9,963
22,681
29,413
38,637
30.8:1
1:59
44
.06:1
419
.4:1
22,268
77,410
34.2:1 37.2:1
1:77 1:79
47 34
.05:1 .03:1
425 405
.36:1 .29:1
26,267 19,777
79,623 130,296
1:0 E: All sworn and total sersonnnel figures are taken
12/31 actual figures per COINS report.
P t R 9/11/83
e
DISCUSS/Dw
t
op%
tv
N
Tv.,c-nty-v-�-ri rJ`- s surveyed to co7n-) jr(, Zr mjFi,')c--r of fl-clors v.-Wl the City
of Nliami. This sjrvey 'n(!icated that Nliarni rl.-nl<s fk-virth in terms of officers per
1,000 with (,-,!y 1%vo cities having a ratio Lthree off', crs per 1,000.
ra7i'-,ed highest, with 3.1 officers. rand Wichita the lo,---st, with
1.5 officers -Using the -State of Florida population estimate for 19S3, Mizinni has 2.7
officers per 1,000.
S'-'CRN OFFICERS PER POPULAIJON
AS CrJ�:'/-RLD 10 25 '-_LECTLD CITIES
1-CFAJ--AT,CN To F.ZZ.p,--a
10LPlm-.A
2.7
EA--^4 rZ-1J3E
2.8
2.6
k%:- A
F.: Z- r S -. -R
N:zLFCLK -
2.4
KAI-i CITY -
Lf�� 2.4
C 1-N i ER
2.4
L C':: VIL -LE
2.43
r7.
71 2.0
hAL-eMLE
,2.9
!EATTLE
j 2.9
rmu
1.6
Vr-'JL1t.-A UTY
-31.9
L C -4 F EA Q4
C-.A.-A
1.6
r--::Dk —
'.= ''1 1.0
v: A -
��-=--73 t - 6
1.6 2 2.6 3 3.6
Officers/1,000 Residents
D)SCUSS110AI - 1i
As a of rr-! -, ive ,.',vw n of f i( (-r of 1 Y)i 1
31 Police ()ffj(-(,rs p-r mil(! -aAw-h was the hi�,'ht--St Of any
i-jr;sr1ition in
the
By
2.6;
Pitt,-I)irgh, 23; and
Atlanta, 9.7.
The
averr,c number of
police officers p.--r
:rjo;iro
mile \.vas 7.2 .-tirinng
we 27 cities surveyed.
fA
OF OFFICCRS PER LCUURE M.E
Y-TA.4-T l (-Z''< ALLD 10 28 P.."I'FCICD U-11CS
10
rALD
P- m
S' LR
Ia. 8
W:; b U CH
.3 . I
ry
RZATTLE
12. a
tum.,
LDU=-SV321.E
118.7
ATLANTA
=_ - _2-7
7C.-Em
-(A.MPA
Ayjr-"
7.6
roRTLAND
7.s
CK"
7.1
W7 ---aTA —
4.r.
11r _SA —
r-k',LdS C17Y —
FT. VDp.-N —'-3.2
EmaiL,ti-tA CITY
I A
• to 22 38 40
EtFT--CZ.--S PER Knx
KnEs AVZ;U1-- ZS 7.2 Cf-f7C1:FM PER SVJAPZ MILE
D)SCUSSIOAol
t►itifYtl Fitt, !11fd lh
t7`fthti (3l ationr 6otigot-c+oILiC5 lyfrividt'd f0v ocillee (N-v
i lrj i � i Ola't ifl t'irc r�• '% �•r.�j If !":hi1�iC'!� i;itli!� 1 1 ���t�ic!i"4i!t1ii oiid '!,�, illo tirii,,dlost ih Liti(
$f'�� ��iC�ljdit.► 1fti1��)s
HIkHf At ceHt''k b lb fa tti s ti:b t lAt
•
"VG'�.iLZ< IC1Fi ^t:. � t•iil 16
Slop
ND
r
IaASN211�
_
.. .L•. :. 32.'!
04 ANCl4A CIT7
S.F 20.E
TrL.!►PA
- 27. e
LOJ' Y2 I F
- r�� . _ . 3 4
_ _ • � 27.
Tina+
MSA
<.i _- _ __25.3
OttltUt
21 .4
hFAPLoM
_---_- - 21.3
FCRt:OLlG
13004 ROUSE
4_CWTA
'- - - - 14.1
FO 2e SO 40 60 e8 70
$ MILLIONS
r.
!""
!N
fir St ) rr• r i , slit:rnia, in wrins of !, (n'rs r'ntos,.e of
5 F I�. t ith n.��. ,,nr1 !�; tt ,. ,
(-fc ncral Fund r(-venlii_, to the Pn c
li c n(•p.3rtci)c•nt. -fhc ;ivc-r,i ;e for all cities
F—irveyed is 241),;. For F.Y. "S3 Miami .f!loltod 66.WY, more inoi,cy to its Police
i ''.•1ar trnent than the for the otlier cities s11rvvved. 't'iarnl allotted $57.3
Tnilllon'while itic aver.?o- f()r the other rities sur-vcyed %vas $311.1; million.
CA✓! A!a
L C-11 A
rL-o_1S
A 11 EN
TA -PA
LCNG eEAQ•1
TULSA
r-F FALD
KiNt" CITY
S=ATTLE
IMEDO
DESIVER
rT. VORTH
FC314ESZER
CL..^_NNATI
O"AHO
PCRTL AND
ATLWIA
C4ARLOTTE
PST T SP:7F :1
C v—Af+ KA CITY
BATC4 ROUGE
LOLD:Sv3LLr
NRQdY3l LE
TU^�•,OW
iris r OLAC
POLICE cJD3_TS AS A P;-PCENT OF ti i:= AL FUNID
Y:t`tI PS CCri�a _D TO ;9 SFLECirD CRIES
38
33
_.�31
—._338
r ^—
28
427
�27
- !-i2T
j24
22
a 22
r - 21
421
0 16 20
FED: E?lT
30
40
D)sCusSiOti
f,
An of flic (--, on 1) )111 r- 1.1, vir ;.-,, for- 11w 27 ( If ICS
7
Ci4',C!S i,,re.
kv-lcd in (7--lifornia tli(S (.-:,,st of ll-vinc,, i,,
1,Dtnt 512: jrjor(! than the of tht- (,ther rilit-s ,uvey-ed
-Miarni is utn!kcd third, $143 1)�-r -jor police Pic average for
the 27 cities -,vas on $95. Th- t-.%-o (-.difornia cif:,-s spent $152 i-.nd W,6.
PER C,*P-LTA EXPF!-D'ITU.:F'S
--T ZS CZ:.' -A ED 10 5 C T C I ES
c
Z_,E 5_7 ER
E—TALD — 127.1
lrkAS CM —
SEAT'TLE
:Z2. 1
es . I
73 e7- i
81 .2
IOLEDO 81.8
FT. -6;c-TTH 711. 7
PAOM 76.8
TU=14 72. 0
72. 1
r.!LSA 4
M. 4
'77
K&SWn-LE
R.7.jr.E
a 22 43 ca Ke 1 rz 170 140
$ per Capita
DJSCUSSIOAI
-..._-- �'{'^Y� ^Y:•3F �'�`t. ate'. *F�r•'� se _
FL.(`RIF) A (.:I f11-.S hIJRVI: YIa)
50,rI00, fi,Ur- (lti'•; °,II",.: --- -, Iiig1l) cr t;r*,;ne r;it-s i�, :In '':-!;n r1r'�I'ii•; ,i)J)'r four cities
showed uk•ater pc.-,- -t` :nci Officer ratios : )i:n
cux',110419Ori r,i' c l'i ] Es
OVER 50,000 i-i P-T.A ION
1952
7r,dox Crines
O'ficers
Cif
71npuIation
Per 100,ODO
Per 1,000 i'op_
Clca:water
89,707
8,034
2.0
Daytona :.,-ach
54,982
15,301
3.1
Ft.
153, 167
14, 248
2.6
Gainesville
81,305
10,015
2.2
Hialeah
155,579
7,039
1.7
Ho1Iy ood
122,680
10,696
2.4
Jac)csonville
550,320
8,205
1.6
Lakeland
50,389
9,026
2.2
Largo
59,839
3,894
1.3
Miami
400,000
13,225
2.7
P:iami Beach
97,335
11,429
2.9
Orlando
132,200
12,976
3.1
Pensacola
58,636
8,288
2.3
Plantation
51,476
6,336
1.9
= Pompano
56,704
11,521
2.6
St. Petersburg
240,692
8,128
1.7
Tallahassee
95,827
8,513
1.8
Tampa
271,977
14,167
2.4
West Falr.. Beach
64,090
15,784
2.5
Cc -parable crime rates
Cities over 50,000 population 1982
SOURCE: FDLE
D)S VM SIOAl i
2
�� �� I ll�''�;•!- � 1' )rail �' !., I is r1�.'l:I� '��,1:
to c1 of 145 (_Itl"S �.r`;irt)Irirl,� i�lc`"Irld CI !t'S \1'lt}I Irrii)Il�,:i!Ofl (1\('r �)rl,�i�)r1,
other 27 cities rai'Iginh ftorn 7jO.O!l0 t0 5�1r),�l)�, ca corrgmrtson
indir-ales that all citi—I VW(c•r'c•d ilie 11,11i,,nal -v ---,ge
of 5,553 for in. a;or crirr._ p -r 1 0-D) re5i6-Ints.
The survey of 26 cities v.•ith population u,_i%vc-en 250,000-500,000 in'ic3ted that the
city with the highest crime rate (14,114 - Tampa, Florida) exceeded the national
average 2.6 times. The lor..-est crime rate (6,973 - PittsSurgh, Pennsylvania)
exceeded the national average 1.3 times. The average for th^se cities is 9,SS7 and
exceeds the national average 1.8 times.
Similarly, of all the Florida cities (except Largo) with population over 50,000, the
city with the highest crime rate (15,794 - 'West Palm Reach, Florida) exceeded the
national average 2.9 times while the lowest crime rate (7,039 - Hialeah, Florida)
exceeded the national average 1.3 times. The average for these Florida cities is
10,464 and exceeds the national average 1.9 times.
1t must be noted that of the 45 cities surveyed only Largo, Florida, had a crime
rate (3,894) under the national average. Largo's ratio of officers per thousand
residents is 1.3.
Care must be taken in using national average statistics since they include rural
communities that traditionally have extremely low crime rates.As such, the
national average when used in comparing urban cities would produce biased results.
A)SCuSSiON
:.ex�^a.•xm,rrct�-a°�,a�w•.r.•cr.:r» a s;c.�- ,x 7'::,r,.: _ _. - .r.. ._.
a
A.lt}I'� '� h VieflUi;i�):'r of P011('C' Of fl'"l'f5 f'1;!V .. , !VTIL-d tO in im;-af't on
crilrle. :.n :..miI 'Sls of (V'r, !r,:�)1e citios ',`.'It!i 7:ilOriS [)C't\„ tin 250.Q0 9-`>00,0 00
lirL-rt corr-li,Lion i)^t'.\'t i'n the number of
officers rwr 1,000 ;:rid fart 1 Cri;;-s per 100,000 pop iiiation.
A corr,:.uter plot of the c 7it-a for 19R2 is sho%m h?low with officers per 1,000 as the
X axis and crimes p_r lOri,r;OO as the Y axis. As one may see, the data is r andornly
distributed and grouping or patterns cannot be obser%-ed. (Note to statisticians: the
best R-square was 0.03975 for a curve defined by the equation Y=A+(A/X)
W
E-4
W
H
R:
U
ACr'UAL DATA
OFFICERS / 1,000
T3ls�USSIDw - i
-...-.Tcsrwv,�s.-+rv....ra..,m�.•=ve'e.+n:'*fiTTi'.'Neur,!T.�.+c TinS'�.PT."f"r"" _. .,. �.wew .P•n�.a.y.`?" ....
tll !'.'. "�.;.,'Ili� .r, ,11 ..,�'t �f ( rllrti)ilir•r ...tr �r il;;}' (I;(��'t.•iIl Ifr•',r( ,!i(• tll,tt "!Icry 15
f
i f 1 l .r� rti r r: r r rrilr e, tll ct!. %v I Il-f
w
E+
W
H
t �
U
OFFICERS / 1,000
HXPOTHErpICAL
,
!
( ()NCLIItiIO';s
nt:v(Is;
.Crirne in r,',,, 'n in .ill irif s.
.'�ti:jrrl's eornrnitr-ented allotment of resources and Utlll�•iillln of those
resources corrtaares very favorably with cosni-arable cities by any
measurement or criterion.
.There is no detectable correlation between officers per th,n-isand and crime
rate.
i
.The productivity of the Police Department is increasing.
DISCUSS/ON
COMPARISON OF CITIES AND
THEIR POLICE DEPARTi;EiilS
POPULATION 250,000
- 500,000
1982-1983
POPULATION
AREA
CRIME
POLICE
PERSO-NNEL
OFFICERS G_`7NERAL FUN:
CITY
1983 Est.
Sq•Mi•
RATE
TOTAL
SWORN
i
/1000
TO:Ai
AKRON, OH
235,000
55
7,122
464
430
93
1.8
57,"�
: -; •; ;
i
ATLANTA, GA
470,000
136
12,120
1,702
1,314
77
2.8
_
`'
BATON ROUGE, LA
275,000
48
9 943
853
723
85
2.6
' � 10C , 73 , 7 : i�
.,
RUrFALO, NY
358,000
41
7,987
1,357
1,084
R(1
3.C�
i70,22'.:
CHARLOTTE, NC
322,000
108
10,244
788
637
81
2.0
c 101
j
CINCINATTI, OH
385,000
78
8,749
1,276
992
73
2.6
156,37G
DENVER, CO
490,000
95
12,035
1,702
1,192
70
2.4
:v2uS,C.3 a
'r3,
FT. WORTH, TX
400,000
250
11,782
1,052
793
75
2.0
S 138 ,660 ,000
KANSAS CITY, MO
448,000
316
10,157
1,802
1,092
61
2.4
S193,444,7 i
LONG BEACH, CA
370,000
50
8,474
1,005
653
65
i.8
215,191-1,52`)-
LOUISVILLE, KY
298,000
65
7,629
963
695
72
2.3
111,51,128,759
MIAMI , FL
387,000
34
13,670
1,49G
1,050
70
2.7
;,15 03
r,7
MINNEAPOLIS, MN
365,000
59
10,203
30i
700
87
1.9
051,i,
NASHVILLE, TN
478,000
48
7,365
1,387
972
76
2.0
;;2i1,'s'.r,3'9
3
NORFOLK, VA
267,000
53
7,840
696
631
91
2.4
S237,246,333
OAKLAND, CA
347,000
53
12,491
916
634
69
1.0-
`,145,Oy4,%_5
52
5=
d
OKLAH01•tA CITY,OK
40I,000
636
9,525
98,
767
78
1.9
;171,912,0;5
r2c, 6_
OMAHA, NB
327,000
84
7,455
765
594
78
1.8
S 96 , 34 i ,!' C
2'
PITTSBURGH, PA4299000
56
61973
1,478
1,340,
91
3.1
192,i52,�'
PORTLAND, OR
370,000
94
12,998
905
700
77
1.9
S1913,CO33
ROCHES T ER, NY
242,000
36
11,083
756
606
GO
2 .
:�'.�i9 , :1 °33
VI
SEATTLE, WA
500,000
84
10,680
1,504
1,017
68
TAIiPA, FL
273,000
85
14,114
880
682
78
2 .:?
9? ,9J.- , 0^
TOLEDO, OH
363,000
81
8,330
781
725
93
2.6
S 110 ,G C ,C�
_ -:• ,- :
TULSA, OK
-365,000
177
81999
976
687
70
1,9
ti 91,5Cd,aJ;
L,
O
TUSCON, AZ
362,000
92
9,924
765
567
74
1.6
5197,024,00
WITCHITA, KN
280,000
95
9,056
583
431
74
1.5
S 42,154,716
Si49O'= 239 �3
AVG. 27 CITIES
363,000
111
9,887
1,061
804
77
2.2
$152,037,230
Note: 1. Crime Rate
from 1982
Preliminary
Uniform
Crime Report, F.Q.I.
2. Other information obtained through telephone survey.
-A I- Usina State of Florida's population estimate of
387,000 for
Miami, the
Cj ficer•/i,CivO
ra`io l•,c.-.-,
ee 2.7
_ . .
.
I Mn MI1 - ,/: . I..
bn.
n.^1: w,.
r, III 1.. 11 . ., i
- • r) ,n
1 r