HomeMy WebLinkAboutR-84-0927ra
FA
. 3-R^-761
7/J1/84
- rr/039/D-1m
RcsoLuTIom NO. 8�
A RESOLUTION CxL|.rwc AND pnov/o/wG FOR 8
municipal election is as rn}lown, All registration cards,
books, records and certificates pertaining ,o electors of the
City and established and maintained as official by the
Supervisor of Elections of Dade County, in conformity with
the provisions of the general laws of the state, are
Rescinded by R-84-961
adopted and declared to be, and shall hereafter be recognized
and accepted as, official registration cards, books, records
and certificates of the City.
Section 3. For the purpose of enabling persons to
register who are qualified to vote in said election and who
have not renisterect under the provisions of the general Is
of Florida and Chnpinr 16 of the Code of the City of M' i,
or who have their legal residence from o vo
precinr.l. I:n another voting prer_inct in the C i t they ma
register at t11e fo11 n w i n q permanent bran_ nffi as
approved by the Supervisor of Elections of M rop an Da
County, Florida, which are hereinaft met f i a ch
will be open during the following date d times:
ELECTIONS DEPARTMENT
iscayne oulevard, Mia Flo
Monday to Friday, in 6: M. - 5:00 P.M.
METRO JUSTICE BU1LDIA�
Monday to F
lorida
�8:00 A.M. - 5:00 P.H.
In additionNY
th)er'qistration
ove times and places, said
qualified pe segiat such other branch offices
and may so use van for the purpose
of reais in rder to vote in the herein described
ur ng h times and on such dates as may be
by the Supervisor of Elections for Metropolitan
I NWn 4. RALPH G. ONGIE, the City Clerk of the
1"Wf Miami is hereby designated and appointed as the
official representative of the City of Miami in all
transactions with the Supervisor of Elections of Dade County
in relation to matters pertaining to the use of the
registration books and the holding of said election.
84-92"s
Rescinded by R-84-961
10'
Section 5„ The Election Clerks and Inspectors to
serve at said polling places on said date shall be designated
by the Supervisor of Elections for Metropolitan Dade County
for such purpose.
Section 6. The City Clerk Is hereby authorized and
directed to putbli.sh notice of the adoption of the herein
resolution and of the provisions hereof at least twice, on
in the fifth arcek and once in the third week prior t e
week in tirhich the nforesaid election is to bZ,,6*
in e
foIIowinq newspapers which are published withiity o
Miami, Florida:
THE MIAMI NEWS
THE MIAMI REVIEW
THE MIAMI TIME
DIARIO I_AS AMERI
PATRI.A
Section 7. The offi\1b'to'used at said
special municipal election Gcompliance with
the lawsof the State of F ding all provisions of
the "Electronic Vrgon
Lehe ballot used in said
election for vethe ues on submitted shall be that
portion of the caor per or other material within
the ballo ra es o ng machines which will contain a
of tion submitted, and said voting machines
wide faci t:ieas with suds instructions on their use
habi_ quaIif.iod electors to vote for or against
�ef
asthey may choose. Said ballot as it appears
rst row of horizontal ballot frames of the
chine shall be substantially in the following form.
OFFICIAL OALLOT
SPECIAL HUNICIi'At L.I LCl ION
SLPTLMH[i2 1$ 1961t
FOR THE APPROVAL Ili: DISAPPROVAL
OF THE FOLLOWINC 3 SIRAW
BALLOT QOF` J IONS:
-3-
Rescinded by R-84-961
4
QUESTION NO. 1
"Should the City of Miami provide for the
cre2tion of a Strong Mayor form of
government to take effect in 1987?
Yes / %
No Ty-7
QUESTION NO. 2
"Should the City of Miami expand the City
Commission from 5 to 9 members?
QUESTION NO. 3
"Should the City of Miami
election of 5 City Commis
basis of Single Member Dist
City Commissio
bn basis?
ovl Tor C
er
s a h
a t- rge
Section e City erk shall cause to be prepared
absentee lots in fu pliance with the law of the State
of Flori ain q the question set forth in Section 7
ab for the use .3bsentpe electors entitled to cast such
IIot"A&, lair , ection.
ASSED,,&+ ADOPTED this 31st day of july , 1984.
Maurice A. Ferre
MAURM A.
FERRE
M A Y0 R
Rescinded_by R-84-961
PREPARED AND APPROVED BY
K
DCPLI Y'CITY ATTOklY
At�PROVED AS TO FORM AND CORRECTNESS:
477/4 �'d-A- =11-D IM
CITY ATTORNEY
W
if "
Precinct Location
CITY OF MIAMI POLLING PLACES ,
Address
314
Robert King High Community House
7025
W Flagler St
315
Miami Eire Station 411
5920
W Flagler St
316
West- End Park Community House
250 SW 60 Av
317
Elagami COMMI!ni 'V PPOUS0,
7121
SW 3 St
409
Grace Utd L'^thol ist Church
6501
N kiiami Av
433
Soar flemoria,l C't-rk
100 NW 83 St
434
Pastoral CcnFor (phono cxt< 122)
9401
Biscayne Bd
442
Harvey P? Legion
6445
NE 7 Av
443
Harvey 11 1-1%(.- t'�> ",,r.c: ic:s n Legion
6445
NE 7 Av
444
Grace Unix cf Ch
6501
N Miami AV
445
Little Rivc'.r E E :i. :=.t Ch
495 NW 77 St
447
Primary C School
757 N14 66 St
448
Belafonte Tac:a1 cy Ctr
6161
NW' 9 Av
449
Charles P Drew Elem
1775
NW 60 St
450
Liberty Spare Community Ctr
6306
NW 14 Av
451
New Pit Moriah Holy Cross Miss Bapt Ch
6700
NW 14 Av
454
Joseph Cal& C t r
5400
N1W' 22 Av
463
Loran Pal'!; Clr.-r77 Sch
5160
NW 31 Av
467
Miami Jl.ckson 'Sr High
1751
NW" 36 St
468
Fji ami Fire Station t;6
3600
NW 7 Av
469
Charles Hezdley Park
1300
NW 50 St
470
St Paul Ins"At =tional AME Ch
1892
NW 51 St
471
Orchard Villa 5l em
5720
NW 13 Av
472
Edison Park
525
NW 62 St
473
Shadowlf'1-1A-are Elea,
149
NW 49 St
474
Church of CT -A of Prophecy #1
4528
NW 1 Av
475
ArchbisSho p Pugh
300
NE 50 St
476
Lemon C i l y [1r . nc h Library
430
NE 63 St
477
750
NE 55 `Ee=rr
601
First Opt,, DiLle Church
4801
W Plagler St
604
Creates MiLvii Academy
3100
Pei 18 Av
605
Bethel Christian Ch
3030
NW 8 Av
2/02/84
EXHIBIT NO. 1
Page 2
Precinct
Location
Address
606
Etjqcnio Maria De Hostos Ctr
2902 NW 2 Av
607
Dunbar EI em
505 NW 20 St
608
YWCA
210 NE 18 St
619
Trinit-y Crithedral Hall
464 NE 16 St
620
YWCA
210 NE 18 St
621
Phyllis Wheatley Elem
1801 NW I P1
622
Culmer Neigh Service Ctr
1600 NV4 3 Av
623
St J0,611's [3nptist C11
1328 N14 3 Av
625
Culmcr Place
610 NW 10 St.
626
Miami —Dade Cor,—ni College
950 NW 20 St
627
Dade Coun-ty An-nory
700 N14 28 St
628
St JoThn Cori-,Iiupity Ch
2175 fill 26 St
629
Curlis P,�xfl Cc1,,cm),nit*N House
1901 N14 24 Av
630
Miami rive P10110volent, Assoc
2980 N11 S River Dr
631
stephic,11 P
1650 NIil 37 Av
632
1, L"
455 NU �7 /,,,v
633
Kinloch 1: wls �'t i)
4340 *1 3 St
634
Adadcmy
3525 *1 7 S t
635
St 1111 (h(-(11 `r; Aiw,,, 11
2987 14 4 4iqlcr St
636
lei am-1 AL:'A-1c"n -'7
314 Gc�ico-,,�i-, Bd
637
HUD Rrii
1407 NVI 7 at
638
M, e t ra p o 1 i 1-- n S, c., r I i o r C t r
1407 NW 7 St
639
Riverside Utd Meth Church
985 NW I St
640
Jack Orr Plaza
550 NW 5 St
656
Dade County Courthouse
73 W Flagler St
657
Little Havana Community Ctr
900 SW 1.St
658
Riverside El ern Sch
221 SW 12 Av
659
Tare, iami V,eth Church
726 SW 14 Av
660
St Matthews Lutheran Ch
V
621 Beacom Bd
661
Koubel', 27th Avenue Ctr
2705 SW 3 St
663
LeJeune. Pt-esbyterian Ch
4111 SW 4 St
664
1glesia Cristizzna Ref El Buen Sam
4585 W rlagler St
804
Coral Gate Parl, Connunity Bldg
141.5 SW 22 Av
805
William HicAllister- most 01608
2750 SW 16 St
806
William McAllister Post 01608
2750 SW 16 St
2/02/84
il
Precinct
location
807
Shenandoah Park Community House
808
Shenandoah Jr High Sch
809
Shenandoah Elea
810
Coral Waif Presbyterian Ch
811
Sts PeA.er A Paul Cath Sch
812
Miami Fire S Ln l i on P4
813
Sigpson Park- rcrcation Bldg
814
CTA-t1T0 Tovic rs
815
County Fire. StGn i,ion t;'15
818
Museum of Natraral History
819
Coral 14ay E l €gym
820
Silver E3lrrfr Elem
821
Douglas Park Co unity House
829
Israelitc ci.r- Temple
830
Elizabeth Vi rr~ick Boxing Gym
832
Miami Fire Station ;III
833
Elizabeth Virrick Park
834
Grand Av Park
840
Miami Dade Water & Sewer Authority
841
Peacock Park
2/02/84
Address
1800
SEA! 21 Av
1950
SW 19 St
1023
SW 21 Av
2091
SW 14 Av
1435
SIB 12 Av
1105S'-2Av
55 SW 17 Rd
1809
Brickell Av
2 Crandon Bd
3280
S Ili ami Av
1950
SW 13 Av
2609
St,! 25 Av
2755
S`l 37 Av
3178
S14 24 Terr
2600
S Bayshore Dr
2975
Oak Av
3230
Hibiscus St
236 Grand Av
3575
S LeJeune Rd
2820
McFarlane Rd
Page 3
0
THE RESIONSIVENESS 01' LOCF3L
COVER{y?A,NT
The growing discontent with American local government
goes beyond an occasional desire to "vote the rascals out''
and is increasin;ly focused on the hasi_c structure and pro-
cedures of local 6ovcrn7wnt. This disaffection takes two
forms stressing "ne or the Pther of the tyn basic sets of
expectati nn s t_",. nrd r k�r ,- wwnt . that
UP r vcrnne"t "i_l l
be (l ) cuff cc t_i-wo and
(2)
ricc��-��unt_ab1 e,
The i �rvyr cxpec-
tati(m i X Doi r , , Tj J
;i V,
d 1W 1 We <,,-,mp
„cd ci -'
tizens Vnd ` i sun , rWnr_YVW
_vap
- FIMQ, , „I c-ncern
is the cp;i:-rFf, ,•1 jv,
at ns
PF hwal p
iit_ . The litter
desire Wr xr,"m ;h
1 i 1 y
"F '�u 1
-1 11n, ;,,- . f �, i al re-
flect.S Iho K dr , jars
;, 11, ;
11r, i,1, t1,(, -),on r, and
especially Ur 1l1,: k
,l d
SI mi ;h
1'•v--APM 1 , (_, , that:
local governiac°nt 1-it,(_
, ,11v
i ;,; is t„ 111
mh1c,c K1m1 tl;r,,- j.,;i,,t=1
but also, and niter,• i•
., , t:
all 1- pv"n
I „ 1 i ,1 to i o Alm.
Llt of i h oNe two cal PrPri ('.:_ (A ,11 MA 1 W F ,,m 1oun
governu11m! , two Npmdwn �for 1't_'{ern are 'ri vp v! m1 plad,
One, much in the t radl ti un ".f LK, wNr1i r+1 Milli i'1-i`:;1 t-uFn rtii
I11OVCi,unt, stYes Yus file 11upd fill" powuron: ;1i r, po ( rrn1 -lti 0n,
In order to S 0c a greater oppnMuid t y For & 1 i wtn part tci-
p<ati• n in 1_'ianu Kfairs ,-nst: cIrsu_iv .;fun i g phat:Lo _resi-
dents: 1;::.. Wor( ement, educat ipn, ilC-ocink and fi1uni.cipnl
services of various types. The othu r :,gc;.K For Local go-
vernment reform calls for a direct election of city office-
holders and accountability of said officers through a regu-
lar scheduled elections, abcl i_shinn appointees, and electing
their office holders, such as the supervisor of: elections,
sheriffs, property tax assesors and strong mayors; giving
them clear powers to solve the problems, such as environmental
pollution, land use, transportation planning, utilities, etc.
Although these two agendas for reform appear to have some
differences, is rather one of emphasis, stemming from the di-
fferent attitudes and environments peculiar to each set of re=
formers. Moreover, past experience with municipal reform in-
dicates the practi c< l i_ty of the two groups working in col mon
to effect a coalition to accomplish their respective goals.
Froth catenori e;; of disaffection are being:, empresses in de-
monstraticns, tz ,pi f i t d by the taxpayers' revolt on the cne
hand, and w l i . yu n1t-ins to the other, plus students' parunn.
walk out &,'t nci ,! hy ni and rel pc,t i cans. `11-ie dc11�111ds, lcr
greater jwyl i c'i n! i. n. i i frust rat-ed, are more likely to l ea,.i
to V1_c c-!W tQil t-_ �LKM Of the dCl; ands for arnatcr t'f_ eu
tivenus , The fri straticn of these reformers may intu"sify, t,.
be sure but this M cif refs: mer ; has a much stronger sense
of personal a feetiveness, a sense that the political systei-i,
- O TrA 7
-2-
is open to their influence in general-, although perhaps
not to their particular reform measures. As a result,
they can continue to channel their frustrations and di-
ssatisfactions through the conventional means of influe
nce. The other set of dtsstdents, on the contrary, re-
presents n c-n;ti t_uenc•, t hi cl, has a Irw sense of polio
cal efficacy. This sense of ftiti li ty pvPPO tes withdrMS1
from the cnn -rnj i_"nil c'1'1.1nuol Y of pnli t7 `',ni i ,lf lttu"M
only to rI"mpl })i.radic"1 Y in vh"Iei cu. 4,'('t'11t. rC'<r ?rch
confirms t-h,nv ri( t.yr(mr c i t i - us h�yr n l i .,( r score of
political - ef h eat y Lhan do Km list rwI i an--ph!'nn individuals
The search for re"sponsi-ve local h0vur0illCilt: is of cri-t"
cal concern si"cc "<;ome sort of cI ni m to ail 1i_mote reshonsi_-
veness has c"me to replace ce uYsL"M nr Y l-i-gi_Ou s hcli_ef aS
the legitimn i- g „rounds for popular :,""port and "hedience .
A ralli d 09d Unwit .c effort to sm i sEy the c av Ands for
increased i ( pimNivenuss of ]nCal government seems necessary
for the effective maintenance of public trust and order in
our cities.
THE SHORTC:O:il Nr S OF THE M-UNICIPAL REFORM MOVEMENT
When it was initiated in the last century, agitation for
reform sought to improve local government's responsiveness
both in terms of efficiency and accountablity. Basically the
goal was to make government more consistent with the pre -domi-
nantly middle-class White Anglo Saxon Protestant values of
the reformers, which included a frankly patronizing attitude
toward the problems of the lower classes. The agendas for
reform, therefore, included an elimination of the graft and
incompetence of: the "spoils system" in general, and two grin-
- cipal goals were to iiiake the "business of local government"
more competent, and to "reduce the impact of socio-economic
cleavages on governmental decision malting, to immunizq city
governments from artificial social cleavages-race,religion,
ethnicity, and so on."
One of the reformers' guiding assumptions was that it was
possible to idcnt_if_y a general interest, the so-called "public
interest", which applied to the city as a whole and which Scul d
prevail o-ocr cpm;pwL i ng partial interests", `I'c anrd this end,
the � - ..
?cirri � ., .. _ - -
;i` 1-, l' - i �'� _ l ,t'.it..i_1 � i�: t C city � � i:;!C i.l `' iV'
many cities and it..-ns to an ".at N p& system, ;' 30icnl PLY -
ties nt t o VMniCiYnl l c r l. ,.'�_ w buliov,d in h ,:;i i',` . AI r , ..
actually l�ri1 i1,wv. In tUnd, tile nonic'ip_l r0 � ANAI � l
to
ced its Ui t_h in a >u. n:icynti c' rathcr than pop i t - cal prni .
for the idu t:i ficsK n of the 'i;.!hli c UderanY, wrong! . c , ..:1'
Banfield and J.Q, Nilson have descri-bvd this ideal, the solo ion
W
W
-' "was to put affairs entirely in the hands of the few who
were the best qualified, persons whose training, experience,
natural ability, and devotion to public service equipped them
best to manage and administer the public business'. Wrong:
By deniz_,rattog partisan politics and weakening the party
machine, the reformers inadvertently reduced the responsive
capability of local governments vis-a-vis important minorities,
Moreover, according to Theodore L.owi , Lhis decline of. the
political voohKvs was matched by the development: of "New
Machines", professi onaly orgapi%ed autrnompus unrcer agencies.
Urban brcaucracies,
:rites Ioti, "are
rcl.
cively
i_rrcs , tn-
sible st_rucLures of power.
Thot is, each
aponcy
Opes
impor-
tant public policies,
vct
the lc-ndership
of
each is
roI ati vel v
self -pc prt:unl i_iT nod
not
rundily subject
to
the controls
of
any his,liF r :riitiinr-i th"As
a cc+;rscducncc,
the
?ni,dern
city is
not effi.ciunt_1_v run, and
poorly governed
due
to the
existence
of the f"l_l acing ........
ISLANDS OF FUNCTTONAL POWER BEFORE WHICH THE MODERN MAYOR
STANDS 14P EVERT SAI D. NO MAYOR OF A 140DERN CITY HAS PREDICTA'i LL
MEANS OF Mj hl,." VI NG WHETHER THE BOSSES OF THE NEW LIs'�CHINES----
the bureau chiefs and the career vnmlcyecs----WTL hE LOYAL. TO
ANYTHING BUT THEIR AGENCY, ITS WORK, AND RELATED PROFESSIONA!,
NORMS........ The Nlad MACHINES are Mnchines in that the pe ur
of each, while resting utlimatuly upon services rendered to
the comurunity, depends upon its cohesiveness as a swill minori-
ty in the vast dispersion of the multitude".
Many among this powerless "multitude" are the poorly educa-
ted lower-class minorities who are excluded from participation
in these NEW CLASS or NEV: 1,1ACHINES because of the establishment
of "merit" criteria for job selection process. The NEW MACHINES
are therefore insulated both from authority above and from pe-
netration below. Therefore the urban bureacracies have not l i_vc ci
up to the rnforl'iio rs of respGnsivnners. The i !'i O l i-
ty of ii?cyoh_, to c't'CY<1 T?;ii:l' the eel aL.lVc'ly :iili. Cal. mUnli,, f1iilCt i ona1
subeenters of Io', or CcnlribUtes to the feeling "i 1"any that ur-
ban pripri_ti t .. are j; i dil t`cl ;,nd cten i 1'1i i',�.�1 ,, i t:'alt:. The funvv i c-
nal ducuntr nli<,a 1 on Cii nuthoritv has incr,n,d t w fCicitnc-,-
of
gC_A i n„ ii'1i i in titminn �ith K S:M! _ 1 :,_ " t 4S O?"cMd
which unch I`:17-c'.alt'Ncy in v n c d to i ill nu t.c "` ,,
t � f � c'
activit it's a.'CA_md nd"ich hurt : cynci c'F nr. licit , t : nni : vl or thC'-su
a i,
which ta11_ l:it't't�.'L'i�il .`1 :ill�,:��ii�; � �.CiiCiC';> ll�l"i .-(I: C't i OT7s
In the latter cases, "the cities are suffering either stale-
mate or elephanti_tis---an affliction whereby a particular acti-
S7Qt y� 9
-4-
vity, say urban renewal, housing or parYways, gets pushed
to its ultimate success totally without regard to its ba-
lance against the missions of other- agencies. In these as
well as in other senses, the cities are ungoverned".
Nor do many citizens have easy access to these new machine
sources of pewer, ci t_her indirectly vi a the mayor or commi-
ssioners, or directly for the redress of gricvancep.Tndeed,
attempted access by f,roups c,f- urban repi dents cnnst i tut:es
"political i_ntprCerence" in tie nc_w f ri mi nology of the tmi-
nici_pai r"K t .rc,,t_ . DinnatfsQuLions ;ire t-enrynted
which rumNi_n "n t, 5t,1-vcd in the T'-riwv "f cha"nel s F"r the
erpressitm r,I- r,.r,ci,;
r�
In sum, ;he imni ui p al 1"�'i_k—ri w-v'('munt , which spught to
make local govt_ri :,tr°ltt 1',,,wo rr < j ,,nni yr to the I)C (Tl u, inad-
vertently i>romtapd the u,-tmi a "F ucw sLrucunral changes
which in fact reduced Trc':,pons i vc"Pss L" the interests of
certain groups, the iyI'W NACH i NFS .
NONPAlZ'f'ISAN'SHTr Fl VI_NAFF0 AIX " Rl I CULATIO i CHANNELS,
and by divorcing vet hui cal rr , i,;_t ence from poli.ti_cal accoun-
tability, , the raft � ���c��-;. v c�rl ��t�t;c'cl the necessity to mediate
and balance demands for the appl-i cnti_on of that t_echnical.
Competence.
The aFnu ption
that "there is no
I)umncrati c or
Rupublienn
way to pave a street"
will be paved and
neglects the
which not, given
need to
the inevitability
decide
which streets
of senrc•e
municipal resources.
Of course. allocation
of scarce
resourca s
is not a problem
if everyone agrees
that,
in the
publi_c interest.,
there is only one
optimum solution.
Where reformed local governments do serve relatively an
HOMOGENEOUS C011UNITIES, they retain their quality of responsi-
veness and legitimacy.
FOR EXAMPLE: 1• i_nnetka is a suburb of Chicago the: residents,
of which are almost all upper-middly-class Anglo-Saxon Protes-
tants. Winnetka:ns are in fundamental agreement on the kind of
local government they want: it must provide excel 1-cnt shceol s ,
parks, libraries and other c(-nmuni_ty surva_c es and i_t nmst pro-
vide them with businesslike efficiency and perfect ect Elunenty. Po-
litics, in the sunpc of a n'' T, l i tive struggle QT ttf flee Or
for pravttt r advantage, (noes not exist. Thu c ivi_c nssecintions
agree lupon a 'l�t' fi?;e "Oust q1a 1kFi t'(10 ;�r\C"
1:;l.Lt'Ii t li'
voters ratify Eotter of Ct_:tarse. .,c..b rt cr Lhu city c -
t tt
scion or o; mr,tci 1 l t ,_.,-t � ;� :,, ..t r,.t �it�;_i r,.,t i rpQ in , hr h._it{; of the 1,uywc'rnt ; J!cnn Vaduz .:duz Nnd boss in the Citv NNuager.
Wi.nne.tka is tho o na .ac e• ...,..i i city raft rvwd local govel m. CIA ,
e coudl co:,Toro t_ to : �_... p l c to C,wpnut Grote Villape, North
Bay Village, hay Mrhor, c t c.
The greatest shortcomings of the reform movement are in th(-
-5-
large cities which wholly lack such homogeneity of interests
and which contain a great amount of quite different lower-class
constituencies and a Iarge minority population.
_ Although considerable scholarly debate exists as to the re-
lative di.sadvantag es of the NEW YMCATNES, a recent analysis by
Greenstone rand Peterson concludes that:
As a conseq"enc_e (of the tic� Mclu_ne) for businessmen that
it " p- I ' s prow d
are on the r,al�=_�� �,��cili nr� t; <.•.< provided cIr_ci franchises and
special priv1 1r0 , For t h, T_r bet. i cr -sunhlished successors
good i ove nmPut: „r,-i,(,,!
I.,.d h
PFFi ri vUL .end m"rP11_V p ai c wort.h;-.
The mnchinc n"rM M IM
t hc, Uo--r-class
YUP,
w5i In nw-nr�hnL
later tine ,-,,foymc,rs
sty"clurts
,-c`;luwQ it,
WI 11
reducing or plinturf.1_nf
port._,
c ;vTw1! i an unch
p id oulUd v, t__.
business Mrrrs1 y Fr,a
styni_Flunnt
1,",1i_t unI
in(rrfu_rr_ncr —
GreensLone and Pat( rnnn A t ;(1 7" OU that FM I WI D� Myid War
the soul l c on.`=i_ ?_C'Dcr of the reform i mvemonV Yns ( `ilspl.i_'11osly
absent, and 7-"Form f(wusC d move on cnry"po n tho" on soci a1
ills and the 7 ued s of the 1 rn er classes and "i at ri i V =;ro"Ps.
THE FOR CITTZEN PARTI-CTPATTON AND MACNITY CONTROL
As this neglect of their interests has hL_cn j,rycri v d by
members of the inner city lower classes, some hnvc been moti-
vated to join the middle classes in the move to Lhc suburbs tc
escape from their dissatisfaction with irresprnsi.ve machine -
bureaucratic controlled managed local government. Iut those
minorities prevented by poverty and discrimination from eNer-
cising that option have been developing their own distinct mu-
nicipal agendas.
These new agendas for reform stress the growing desire of
inner city residents to have a form of local city government
which is as responsive to their expectations about the educa-
tion of their children, the protection of their values, the
protection of their home and business, and the provision of
services .as th:uy perceive a typical local ;r'v 1 nnwnt is or
should be, This is the e.,puriunce rf m kny rusi dents , in the
black and spani sh u,,nnwnitics, `✓T1 th thu Krge survicu h1 rva-
cracies, thay have 1,arn d that the 0.ir d O prup of r s,jEon-
sivenl s s, Pnrticulnrly N C c on khi i t y U. n c n ly he wcqui ru(
govE rinl:a'M . ._ rc aAln t ho ut It . 11t-u in, "PY : at:ht d'
it l'.ili s1•.i `.,C,st !1 i ;; Ai t: 1 1- i i 1- n;`-r , c t.:' %i ;l jl -T 1. 1:_ iL s t.M 2"
out of a conb_nati m of lncrv"�cd i osi (ivt IE._"un wn;,
dignity on cio, hand, and l nC'rl rased i l t.1s YL 7'(w in at t_t mpt.i y,
to deal with local officials ? cials and bul u( ucrnts on Lhu othcr hand.
The underlying, motivation is the quest for equality, havinpj.
W-11
been denied equal geographic mobility because of poverty
and "suburban separatism" Knorities have turned toward
a ghetto control and transformation strategy. The demand
for cWxcn parLiulpation has also received impetus from
various f0wrnl iwhan renewal programs specifying that lo-
cal planoynq nAuncies are to provide for move citizen par-
ticipaticn.
The thrust of the demands for cWz= par-
ticipat?"n and local Vovernment control is that the autho-
rity has to be vested in the hands of the clecwd person,
who is 11,,o responsible party to the people and for the people,
who sh;�ll I,c, ;,cc !)u-it F"r his or her acts every term of
office at the bVIAL Vr,Wh,
POLITICAL EFFICACY AW MUST
The di;i),-,;)dn Fiv i.purrased citizen participation in the
governnwnr of Inrgp Amurirnn cities are consistent not only
with the pcpvlar c-acaptions of Oemocracy, but also with re-
cent social scic"cu Hndirgs which strongly s"g,'pst thnt nccc-
ssion to lhcsc Q=m(ls -nv,ld rcap Inyge divid(mdi 10 SOMPLY
as a whole.. particnWrly at the local lcvel. The key findtpg,
of cuyy(pl Wu?iry Fvpm political and Picini sci(ncus are LKA.
the perc, pKrA 4 ;� rvowl Mucti-VtowsS in j"litirs, 01-
"Political Pfficacy", is related to .MGWKPO Vith 10CH
governpwnt and u1i,'-,'.t a strung s nsu of palifical Klicacy suc7,;
to be necessary W MOtiVatC pLryuns to nzpvcns thoir dcmnnds
in conventional, non-violunt: VOWS, individuals who Fuel Wff-
ective in using the conventional modes of political action are
likely to seek alternative channels for the expression of needs.
Lacking the opportunity to enjoy uccasionaJ success in the con-
ventional channels of Nfluence,they seek success through more
militant channels. These channels may in turn contribute to a
sense of revolutionary effectiveness. Ultimately, the sense of
effectiveness in using any �Me of political empressicn depends
an the degree of success which an individual enperiences.
EFFICACY. -TRUST AND MIZEN PARTICIPAMM
The feelings of political ufficnuy and trust
Mute to political allegiance can hc foMures by
responsiveness of local puvernnent. The aliuDati
need not FiTpust L yLynonal pnthplurv, but rathe
ning Of LW yoditIM nyntym. It !: LyVort ant, rh
instiLutWalivu ronpunsivnnuns by nvsuying frow
to thOSL Y Ili it Cha= IS dL umvd IngitioNtu an
the poMinal culturu, The capillary structure
to burrcw "n 0"IAILTY Key; Almond and Verba, is a
we do not press it too far.
which contri-
increasing the
on syndrome
r a malfuncvic-
at the sys!Lp,
and ( pen ac CL n!:.'
d "propur" Ly
of democrncy,
useful one if
A
The great secondary crimpeiiciits of th(--, deTTIOCI-atiC infraS-
true tu re --po I i ti cal- pni-f.i CIS i lit -rest groups, 1911(1 the modi a
of colii,�17;lix;lti_fon 'i 1; 1 11 s, I: I IC \7(--,1I 15 ;111 d I I I cri ('s
a ci- rcul•-It-mw v I I 11) I'll I t I I v 1rC c(",-Illcr I ed F� (.I i v7i' 1
faith t I j ii. 1 11) t y ,I111v I- p (I f " 11 i
11w lil-c'
there C "il) 1) r
!I)(. -1-wlividil"11 "Illd Ili s ill
grollp" iilf() ii-tc, j)('I'll iu;ll
The I ,
I 1,I)c lw1,11D(�rs of "111 pol-i'ti.cal
Iivo4., develop, ;111(i
in t-he iWillwit-C f_,,voups of t1le
coilli'llUllit-y. Whe)-c 1he I'l-inn"!vy ,I the
polity or ;Ire I,j,(.'t4 of. the poli 'L 7 v;lf-hey th;1l) ac-
tive pa r t I C 1 PO 111 v.7i tiff Y
three choices: 1) to involvi% ill poltt-ic(;,
to c1h.ji-Ict of i-t:
Most people h;iv c h c i \ i Li_( �.!I i C I I I, c p t11 h 1,1 S N, :host
Of the time. i i t I I t ill i i;-,1c11 1 1 1 e I- fue I s h C,
need to ��Ild (A) F S 71 C J 0
the poIli c V 'n v u v c, I C, ;:]tl es 11 -
ding Fill c'ci (,,,i Of v, -1 iii,
nity foi- p,)l ic-il -"..i 11 -,I,)t by the of
a t i s f ,I C, LL i (, 1) .".-hich C1 i_st ]-(!,' Cf-,, (1,13,
is not part-icip;-Iti-oll but: at lc�,sr
3S C(_MLIUCti\TC_ LO 3 fCC-
ling of sat isfacti-on with (--)lie's political role as (.,, citizen.
31.1y, oppoi-n-iiii Lies for participation must )c sa i t Add it t oil, I lie I
to elicit a respoilse, partic,ilarly ai-,loiiQ_, the vouiig and self-
aware miTioriAN ine;-,ibers. i..7hose growing, but often iiiitested,
sense of self-assertion eiid co1-,,.pcLOl-lce telld to spi-11 overinto
Politics 0 i \71 11 rise to Lhe seiiti.meiit of "k,'e'ci rather do it
ourselves". Thes-e sezitii-,iozits seek L positive response from the
system for sust.en;iiice and eiic ement .
Wh ei-i o-wl rt -ie�c,'ered itho,,it a sharing of pcwcr.
i t � -fw
we have p;-tt urii;i I i tiII1, v"hich kill(Icl-Clit's 1-uspect, ;lceenti-l'ates depk21-1-
deuce, ziid I)i-eeds :i I ki 1- 1-, 1,,, 1) C
1]) the p-
Of 3 1 11 L CI l 0 1 ('"j �7, L. 4L U r
C hi ch !-uk, tc, i t th;,l I h k, r e c o 4"
11 a s r f, 1 (,1 d d chlA I t C) 1-;" C, L, rand t I I; I t hi s o 1 1 t l:
are o,,i). �:p I i c i t- t h, deaf.. �A) I I Tfl) -1 j I
not th( i-wcc;.,.si t.1, of i1d,,pt:,;t,.i,c)ii of leader hip
as charm(-ls of ii-if-hiL,ywe.
Recalling the unintended consequences of municipal reform
for the quality of governmental responsiveness to the lower
classes, one is well advised to seek a balance between com-
petence and accountobtlity in government, a distinction which
corresponds to that made by Almond and Vorba: "On the one
hand a democratic government must govern; it must have power
and leadership and make decisions. On the other hand, it must
be responsible to citizens" regardless of race, creed or reli-
gion.
C 0 N C 1, U S 1 0 N
In spite
of the pnims
of explicit: and implicit
conflict
between the
movements for
local government reform ---the
inner
city demands
for grentpr ciLfyun
jmrtjcipnLinn nod
devolutinil
of authority
, and Me suet
iw,nts for great cr sphi st
icntton and
efficiencv in
the handN K
the uun-elected linypacrnts---there
is calm Al
hcw that Hic
i")n-violent channels of
influence
may chnnge this
sMaLit,n.
The urSrnL nand is Vy Pxperimentation in the spirit of a
common search &V MrucLural nyrPngemants which will provide
the context for increasing the citizen's participation and
sense of efficacv and sntisfaction with his government, as
well as a mndified (,iitput of policies.
The scorch for new forms to increase both the ccwpetence
and MCOMMMYLY of local governments is in the tradition
of our notion which has adapted to considerable strains in
the past and which will have to continue to do so in the fu-
ture if local mmnicipal governments are to retain their le-
gitimacy.
The prevalent White Anglo-Saxon ideology built aroung the
concept of the "melting -pot" aspirations has mitigated against
alternative ways of conceptualizing the American social conteNt.,
and the United States of America has been unable to escape the
strife and turbulence of many other multi -ethnic societies.
American ideology has failed to constrain American reality.
This may ultimately force the United States cf America to al-
ter its politicnl self-image radically no that it may begin
to reinterpret itself f"M whnt A really is, a society compo-
sed of severs! large and residentially cuncontratud ethnic
groups such ns: block, Cuban, Puerto Rican, MuKicnn-Amwrican,
American Indian, and tenve jurt,opirion to the
prevalent doninnnt white, English-vpLak&R pupulation.
Now that dMandS have DUD made fur rvccgnMPn of the le-
gitimacy of some Kgree of connunity control in these minority
conaunitius, the rusponsibility lies with the dominant white
group, iself composed of many separate but related identities,
to respond.
Kq -,?a 7
Our citizens ONPeCt- 1),-Ilatice between the tj-;[n
goals of goN�oYMM111
i cal ice oun-
tabi-1-ity. nn(l ��ucli ;I n the q
thenh-ig of 11),11- 1("-
rep
t i V e I-a7. I C i J.
f ;I i 11 our p I- c ('I) J- I I I- (1 1.7
Mori) j,11 Fj_jj(j
oi"
revol-I-it-Arm ii-I ;_lice mijidle f mll- 11111'11.-IFr ("s
The City (If Hj.,,imj 1Oj jjj N7(1j-(1
and no more city mniwigurc, wdio "Im;wcr 1"(1 The pCo-
ple who spend ol.11 1-1101leyS ajj(-j re('111'Ite -LIj- b
- I-, _, , o _ �7 0 1 j_ 1,7 C F, 1, 11 -, L C
responsive to us the voters. J�7j-tlj0jjt Ljjj_s -\-Je 11,31\7e JOCJ- our
democracy and republic.
Miami, September 26th, 1983. ELADIO ARMESTO-CARCIA.
5 11
�i
7• 3 �
LUCIA A. DOUGHERTY
City Attorney
August 1, 1984
Honorable David Leahy
Supervisor- of Elections
1444 Biscayne Boulevard
Miami, Pl.o, i.da
Dear t-ir. . Leahy
The enclosed is a copy of resolution No. 84-927 passed
and adopted by our City Commission on July 31, 1984.
Respectfully,
Robert F. Clark
Deputy City Attorney
RFC/nun
Enclosure
OFFICE Of THE CITY ATTORNEY / 169 E. Flagler Street / Miami, Florida 33131 / (305) 579-6700 84-9'Zt