Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutM-85-0843A Az CITY OF MIAMI. -LOR-DA INTER -OFFICE MEMORANDUM 19 1.1'ice-May Jov Ca --olio July 10, 1985 `;LE A Sale of newsnaoers of Cit;�streets Luciartv aE�Ea".. City attorney V:LJ9iJ pE5 You have asked whether the City can prohibit the sale of newspapers to motorists on City streets. In response to your question, please be advised of the attached Attorney General's opinion that provides that municipalities can enforce such a prohibition on state roads. Additionally, I have attached copies of the Miami Code which prohibits such peddlers in Section 39-18(8). Hence, the City can likewise enforce said prohibition on non -state roads. LAD:kt cc: Honorable Mayor Maurice Ferre and Members of the City Commission Sergio Pereira Enclosure M 0 T/ D Al 85--843. I Jt3! SMITH Art •r„ey Gmerol `t ,te of F Gtrda DERAMOI EN'F (A. t.LG' k L AY FAIRS OFF;CE OF THE A 7TCRNEY GENERAL T.HE C A PITC�L ".N—AHASSEE FLORIDA .32.301 ;'ebruar.. 2, , i_?85 :Ir. Donald R. Hall City Attorney City of Fort Lauderdale Pos: Office Drawer 14250 For: Lauderdale, Flc�ida 3330." 2 85-18 Re: MUNICI 'PA LIT1ES-PAPERS--vending of newspapers on snte-u;aintainad roads and ,Dti median ?;:d s J,-_wa?ks adjacent thereto. §337.406, F.S. (L;84 5upp.) Dear: Mr. Hall: This is in response to vour request fcr an opinion on the of :owing question: MAY A MNICIPALITY Ei1FCRCE THE PROVISIONS OF § 339. 301 , F . S . , AC:': ! NST VENDORS WHO SELL NEWSPAPERS iJHI:.i SfAN.'ji""G UPON STATE -MAIN- TAINED ROAD'S rvND :-:cJI:=...5 AND SIDEWALKS ADJACENT THERE'r0'? Section 339.301(1), F.S., nv.q 1,337.406(1), F.S. (1984 Supp.), provides in pertinent part! Except when otherwise auC►►orized by law or by the rules of the depa.rment for Transportation], it is unlawf111. co may:: any co=ercial use of the right -or -way of any state -maintained road, includim- appendages c;.ereto, and also including, but not limited to, areas, wayside parks, boat -launching ramps, %4eigh stations, and scenic '-k'-nts. Such prohibited uses include, Ii::iited t:o, the sale, or the display �a?e, �i a,i•r ►nr~-%:n-indi se; the solicita- �.ion for the !,a1e :>f �o�is, propert: , or services 85-843 ri R. -i3 3ee §337.u06(2) 5.clti zt pl'i5i;l:i hc�d`rg valid peddlers :iCErS,?S A.SSue i �,: i^pr�'''_'1�3tt'_ ;;J':,?rn; erital enr_ities_ are authorised C.o ;take sales from vehicles : t aIl:! ing on "he r:.:`it-Ut-wa'! to Uccu- ?3ni i of 3butti::; 7r.^_^.erg_: !i!. '�O1. iC=JitS Ui thC' statute, Jr a 1V rule of the Department ;'stew and :'Motor Vehicles (;oere after the department) prcmuloate::i 7nereunder, are u4eclared to �e .zisdecieanors of the see;-,, st�gree , :)"riisnaole as provided in § 7 7 5 i)3 2 or 3775.083 . See, §337. - i)6 (3) au-_ :orizing and directing t.-e depar*- :rent and other —Law entorcL:me,it agen;:ias to enforce the statute. - CIL., AJO 33-41 concludin that a municipal police department is a I—aw enforcement agency. Section 334.03(16) , F.S. (1934' Sup?.) , defines "right-of-way" fcr nurposes of the Florida Transportation code as "[1]and in which the state, the department, 3 coant,-, or a municipality owns t1he fee ,�r has an easement Jevoted to or required for the use, as a public road." And see, 5334.03(17), F.S. (196/4 Supp.), defining "road" tc Lncluda "streets, sidewalks, 31 iU':.� , highways , and other ways open to tra,lel by the public ncludi<<; t*ae roadbed, right-of-way, and all culverts, drains, sluices, ditches, water storage areas, water- ways, embankments, slopes, retai:,:ng walls, bridges, tunnels, and viaducts necessary for the maintenance of travel and all ferries .ised in connection therewith." (e.s.) Based upon the foregoi:;g definitions, it appears that the ganeral prohibition against the >3le of merchandise on state -maintained roads and appendages thereto. including the i�;at-of-wa,; , wouid ce applicable to vendors stand- ng ,n r�:e median and on sidewa ks ad 3cont co a state -maintained road. ':either §337.406, 7.5. , for any other rule or the department vrc*iul- ated :hereunder makes anv exception ror newspapers or newspaper vendor:. See, Rlile 14- 20'. 01 , F .... i:. , stating that " [ i ] t is the ..o'.ic,., or t, department to clear -ill ri* 4hcs-of-way throughout t^e ?Cate jf ali private and counerciai users, except to the extent that t'Zey are specifically pe=_ ,_! :.zed 5v written policy of the den -rt- M,:nt. The district engineers are `.Zere v directed, in coniuncticn :1ith the legal office, to removal_ of all ancroachr-eats 3- . ;e earliest possible date." are , ale 14- 20 .0'' and Ch . :,,:� '.,..C., ;overning solicitatio:i'f,JC' "�?11?1J1:;, purposes. ':'hercr;rr, in the absence of a statute or rulo of the 3epzrtmer.c exemptin -, t�^ :iale of newspapers or newspaper vendors from tLe prohibition c:on- •:ained in §337. ";, the salty of ci.�:►scapers by vendors standin:T a stag-maintain-d ::igh*lay or o^ r.:�e median or sidawalk adj3c'~` rhereto appears co be prohiuifo d -5337.1.C;.5 t,)L:r l attar ra! a'L' i 1 qi:r :1 :illnlcji1CV t .l' re u c. 85-843. Ei ,hilE Florida courL-3 :,ive C - Iruss i'i l:ia'-L, hill: is v� V-1risdictions ~a` e ieL i'_ _tic' r,:1iC:~iC?OA- .e sale ^C newspapers by venflors on ..=a_e-:,(a nt:�ine.i roads by municipal -office urficers is a Legitimate exerc-,se of police power where the road is judicially construed di chac portLoo .)f r;,` street used b•J vehicles. See, eIton CiLiz; AngeLe556 P.2d Iilq t'!7a r i9'6) (prc�h3. ting �iiss�r:il:ltic�;, t ►nvtilin�; in the aath o' car trucks and buses obviou:i Lv fur`li : s the public safety); Chicax:13 v. dine, 2 :4'. E. 2d 905 (IL1 . La St,uttlesworth v. 3irlrin,ha.;1, 394 1=, i (1);jl)) has right an' duty in the reasonable exercise Of the police power to control and regulate the -:se of public streets and sidewalks in order to 'Keep them open and available for movement). . Cf. , Co-x v. :New Harnoslnire, 312 U.S. 569 (1941) (governmental regulation or street traffi'-- i legitimate exercise of -,uiice po-;er). However, as you note in ',-o'.lr Letter, blarie<et prohibitions a--,ainst 11.3 ^.g public a _S _•.r distriCutior, have :o _t:per- -• - = =- ._ , =..c . Sta=e : _ ::er: : �_ c :%, �1pp. si:at-: a .:.cons�i.Iona abridged first Amer.:'r ecic r-'gncs when appiiedi ,a as to totally prohibit erection or maintenance of newspaper honor boxes wirhin right-of-way of state hi ht•.ays); Gannett Cj. , Inc. v. City of i.OcheSter, 330 Y.5 2d n49 (:1.'{. Sup. O. 1972) (ordinance making it Un awful for stand, :1ac:lina, box ur other structure for display o,r storara of newsr.4per.; on cnv idewalk without obtaining permit and prr,-:idi^.o pr3o-: of ir.s;:rsac: or fin-anc.lal responsibility and criminal sanctiuns -or violations crated pr--cr restraint i't Z: r'icnendmont ri ht ) . Th:: .:,ur is have he 1d that the guarantee u. freedom of the press and free::of ape ccii protected by the Fir: t an.? Fourteen_h Amendments c.'� the UniLeci States Constitution "._xte-�ds to cleans of 3istributica if the :iCw�i:aper, as well as to its. cUntent and c`he ideas expressed '_herein.'' Philadelphia 'L3cws L:.c. V. RorouQi: Counsel, :Major, Mann' iC and D,-rector of Public Works of *_ Borough of Swartirmore , 331 ._'+C (E . D . Pa. 1-974) ; _11e- Newspaper, Inc:. Ci�y of ?'eena, �=:,6 F.Supp. 331 (D.:Z.i'.. i')S2). Ard see,'Mecruineuia, Inc. v. Cit:t �. S-in Siego, jS3 S. -1►90, '504(19,91); S.-nith v. California, 361 U.S. 147, 150 (1959), holding that First AmencrKent cur.: i-derations not lost or diminished becaL nec.-ipaperS ar-I so1'i co.nur.ercia_iy rather than aistributed e right .-)i access Lo Pu')lic streets and S idG�.'' �; .:(';; �v.i�. .cCG�:.i..:�: as :sse.it' al to t: e exercise 0- 1 .....c.':'.(iT?r:� _:'�:tt'(iOT�'.:i , .L:t'. :ip;'.'E: 'J. (,To, r1-hC of lcc?r;s-riDute prin_e'.; J Q t: 7 7 ( f 7 )). .' . s_u l�asiz?:ngton Sao F. :1.1) C 19Z:iZ..__.)il s-dewaIkc7 , ?rk S .1-1.1 "., r 3 _ • "-_ :71 ! -1,: S Land: 85'-843. ;.r . Done ' R. 1-fall Face Four broadly and absolutely). may impose reasonable time, place and r1a:lner ram: trier ions ;gin --he sale and distribution of newspapers, it may Rio so only ":iarrowly drawn regulations designed to sen►e `hose interests :ict,,:utL:n:,ecessariLv interfering :with i irst Amendment freedoms." Vi l lai;e .�i Sci,auJbu.g v. Citizens r:;r 3 Batter Environment, ' 4=, _.S. sannet Satellite Information Network- v. T,:,wn of .',or -wood, 579 F .5upp. LOOS (D. :.ass . 1984); :Miami Herald Pub.. Co. v. ::i•_,: of Vallandale, 734 F.2d 666 (11th Cir. 1984). In light of the foregoing, i am of the opinion that -municipal police ,officers :.tav enforce the provisions of 5337.406, F.S. (1984 SuGp.), against, vendors who sell ncwspapers ;:i: is standing upon that ac)rtio of a state -maintained rih;.c-,�t-.:a.w used by vehicles and the adjcining median as a reasonac dr:l;wn resc:-iction on the constitutionally protected rights of freedc,1 of the press and freedom of speech. However, enforcement of the s_ati-te against newspaper vendors standing upon the sidewalk adjacent to a state -maintained road may 1. be subject to attack as a violation of chose constitutionally pro- tected rights. This office, ho:wev`r, has no authority to either ,'.eclare the statute unconsti::ution:il or advise noncompliance with its direction or mandate but rather dust presume the constitutionality .:f the statute until such time as it is declared invalid by a court Of ccimpetent jurisdiction. C`. , ACO's 73--64 and 77-99; see generally �Deltnrs. Corporation v. 3a:_ev, 336 So.2d 1163 (Fla. 19763. In light of the contitutional issues rais::d, the Legislature may ;ish to reexamine the provisions of §337.406 so as to clarify its terms and the au:' ority of the scare and local governments to regu- i'iCe tC•.e activities of ne:ispaper .'en,_ JrS ..tChLn the strict con5`_ir1_ _ iona l limi caciors . Mori:o,. er , city, �r in doubt as to the statute's validity or its applicac ioa to necvspaper vendors or t::e city's duties, may %yish t,., b r ing do appr,:)priate judicial proceedn fi177 - ,a:e ex re. Harrell v.one,r decaratoryrez. F , :iv. .554 (la. 1Q37) ?r:,1:;...:.n 'mount✓ v. SC:lt:, 3 So. =+71 (Fla. _ i3 . .:lherefore, unless and .:::= i ? j ad i c iaLl:: o.- legislatively determined to the ccntrarv, I nm of oriniun that Tunici�:al police officers may ont-rc:e the ar��w i�ion �t S33i Yuri, r .._ . (lyo4 Suep.) , against j Vendor.,: sell while !.candi.i5 on portions of a st are- mainta .ned road used , ehicles and the adjoining median. e :he proh_bi tion con_ainau _.n ; 337 . '�, ' :wou?d also appear to pry a1'.b l c r"E sale of tir:WSp:i'iC:�3 i= ilk adjacent to the state- -::azn_a....ed road, statute may encounter �.L�?..c"uI —i, .i _Jr^uv General's lift-- _ Cann% t declara a stazutz r.or co=ent upon its r 85-843. 0 r , -7 1 lve ccnstitutional ;.il--* I-* .. :!.er(-_.3re, I n:.. ,;;,a� ? e ~c) Yer.de- an opinion on tile cons ti ,.� Iona 1; "? o y 33 7. •e.0h as it appllas Co the sales activity o� vendors on side :4alris adjacent to state-maintai:le,i roa. .-i. -104 t=orney General Prepared By: GARY (r. PRT.:1T`i :assistant Attorney General JS/ GLP/ is 85-843. IFU Chapter 39 PEDDLERS, VENDORS, ITINERANT MANUFACTURERS, LOCKSMITHS AND TOOL GRINDERS' Article I. In General 1 39.27.1. Violation a nuisance: summary abatement. 11 39.1--39-10, Reserved. 1 39.27.2. Enforcement of article. Article IL Sidewalk and Street Vendors 1 39.11. Definitions. 1 39.12. License required. 1 39.13. License not applicable in certain areas of the city during certain time periods. 1 39.14. Applications. 1 39-15. Isauaace. 1 39.16. Vending prohibited in certain locations. 1 39.17. Limitations within restricted vending districts. 1 39.18. Prohibited conduct. 1 39.19. Size requirements for vending stands. 1 39.20. Health and sanitation requirements for food vending. 1 39.21. Safety requirements. ¢ 39.22. Advertising. 139.23. Renewal. 1 39.24. Denial, suspension and revocation. 1 39.25. Notice on premises that uninvited vendors, so- licitors, peddlers, etc., are not wanted. 1 39.26. Exemptions as to farm products. 1 39.27. Penalty. ARTICLE I. IN GENERAL Secs. 39.1-39.10. Reserved. ARTICLE M SIDEWALK AND STREET VENDORS' Sec. 39-11. Def adtions. For the purposes of this article: Article III. Itinerant Manufacturers and Wholesalers of Women's Clothing 39-28. Definitions. 39.29. Bond required. 39.30. Character references prerequisite to issuance of license. 39.31. Duration of licenses. 39.32. Sales from hotel rooms or boardinghouse rooms prohibited. 3943-39-37. Reserved. Article IV. Locksmiths and Tool Grinders 1 39.38. Applicability of article. 1 39.39. Investigation of applicants for licenses; bond required. 1 39.40. Transferability and soups of coverage of licenses 1 39.41. Exemptions from article. 1 39.42. Key4upiicating machines. 11 3943-3947. Reserved. Article V. Reserved Food is defined as solid food and beverages al- lowed to be sold in accordance with this article. Motor vehicle is defined as any vehicle used for the displaying, storing, or transporting of articles offered for sale by a vendor, which is required to be Iicensed and registered by the department of motor vehicles. Department of health is defined as the Dade County department of public health. Person is defined as any natural individual, firm, trust, partnership, association, or corpora - *Editor's note -.Ord. No. 9880, 11. adopted Sept. 13, 1984, tion, in his or its own capacity or as administra repealed An. II, " Peddlers.' U 39.11-39.18, as derived from tor, conservator, executm trustee, receiver, or other Code 1967, It 40.1-40.7. and from Ord. No. 8851, adopted Sept. 20,1978; Ord. No. 9669, adopted Sept. 7, 1983; and Ord. representative appointed • by a court. Whenever No. 9797, adopted Feb. 9, 1994. Ord. No. 9980 enacted a new the word "person" is used in any section of this Arc. II, substantially as set out herein. article prescribing a penalty or fine as applied to 'Editor's note -.Ord. No. 9880, adopted Sept. 13, 1984, deleted "Peddlers" and "Ice Cream Vendors" from the title of Ch. 39, and added "Vendors" as the first word of the title. In order to maintain the alphabetical order of chapter titles, the editor has retained "Peddlers" as the first word in the title, adding "Vendors" as the second word. City charter reforenees-Authority of city to classify, license businesses, It 3(bb), 49. City code cross reference -Licenses and miscellaneous business regulations. Ch. 31. State law references -Employment of minors in street trades, Fla. Stats.,1450.081(4); paddling at camp meetings, Fla. Stars. 1871.03. Supp. No. is 2693 85-843_ 4 1 39.14 PEDDLERS. VENDORS, rMNERANT MA.YLTACTURERS. ETC. (1) Name, home and business address of the ap- plicant and the name and address of the owner, if other than the applicant, of the vending business, stand, or motor vehicle to be used in the operation of the vending business. (2) A description of the type of food, service, or merchandise to be sold. (3) A description and photograph of any stand or motor vehicle to be used in the operation of the business, including the license and regis. tration number of any motor vehicle used in the operation of the business. Photograph shall be of standard motor vehicle in operational mode. (4) Three (3) two-inch by two-inch prints of a full -face photograph, taken not more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of the application, of any person who will sell, or offer for sale, any food, service, or merchan. dise on any street or sidewalk within the city. (5) A certificate of inspection, as required by sec- tion 39.20. (Ord. No. 9880, § 1, 9-13.84) Sec. 39.15. Issuance. Not later than thirty (30) days after the filing of a completed application for a vendor's license, the applicant shall be notified by the financial department for the decision on the issuance or denial of the license. Failure of the finance de. partment to place notification of said decision in the mail or personally notify the applicant with acknowledgment shall require immediate issuance of the requested license to the applicant. The fi- nance director or his designee shall consider the standards set forth in section 31.28 and sections 39-16 through 39.21, in determining whether to grant a license. If the issuance of the license is approved, the finance department shall issue the license. If the license is denied, the applicant shall be provided with a statement of the reasons there- for, which reasons shall be entered in writing on the application. The applicant shall be entitled to a hearing, pursuant to section 39.24. A license issued pursuant to this section is valid for a pe- riod as prescribed in section 31.29. (OrcL No. 9880, § 1, 9.13.84) Supp. No. 1s 2695 1 39.17 Sec. 39.16. Vending prohibited in certain locations. Vending is prohibited in the following locations: (1) Within a restricted vending district except within designated vending zones. (2) From a public parking lot or metered park- ing space. (3) Within five hundred (500) feet of any prop. erty used for school purposes (preschool, elementary, secondary).* (4) On any sidewalk less than six (6) feet in width. (5) Within five (5) feet of the entranceway to any building. (6) Within one hundred (100) feet of any drive. way entrance to a police or fire station, or within twenty (20) feet of any other driveway. (7) Within twcaty (20) feet of any bus stop zone. (8) Within five (5) feet of the pedestrian cross. walk at any intersection, or designated pe- destrian crossing point. (9) Within ten (10) feet of any handicapped parking space, or access ramp. (Ord. No. 9880, § 1, 9.13-84) Sec. 39.17. limitations within restricted vend. ing districts. Vending within restricted vending districts shall be subject to all rules and regulations in this article and in addition: (1) No merchandise or service shall be vended or displayed other than food and fresh cut flowers. (2) No vending shall be permitted except within designated vending zones. Vending zones shall be delineated by the city under the direction of the public works department and the plan. ning department based upon the following criteria: ;a) Vending zones shall be located in areas where the sidewalk width is sufficient to *County oode MOM refereft0& SS u1&r pevwions, 111.27.1. 85-843 1 39.18 PEDDLERS, VENDORS, ffLMWNT HANUFACTURM ETC. other structure lawfully placed on public property. (12) Allow any animals to remain within twenty- five (25) feet of a stand for a period longer than necessary to complete a sale to the person having possession, or control of said animal. (13) No vendor vending from a motor vehicle shall: (a) Conduct his/her business in such a way as would restrict or interfere with the ingress or egress of the abutting prop. erty owner or tenant, or create or be- come a public nuisance, increase traf fic congestion or delay, or constitute a hazard to traffic, life or property, or an obstruction to adequate access to fire, police or sanitation vehicles. (b) Stop, stand, or park his motor vehicle upon any street, or permit it to remain there except on the roadway at the curb for the purposes of vending therefrom. (c) Stop, stand or park his motor vehicle upon any street for the purpose of sell. ing, or sell on any street under any circumstances during the hours when parking, stopping or standing has been prohibited by signs or curb markings or is prohibited by statute or ordinance. (d) Remain in any one (1) place for a pe- riod longer than necessary to make a sale after having been approached or stopped for that purpose. (e) Stop, stand, or park his motor vehicle within twenty (20) feet of any intersec- tion, except that vehicles vending prod. ucts likely to attract children as cus. tomers shall park curbside when stop. ping to make a sale, as close as possible to a pedestrian crosswalk without en. tering the intersection or otherwise in. terfering with the flow of traffic. (f) Vend within a restricted vending dwmct. (g) Vend anywhere prohibited by section 39.16(2) through (8). (Ord. No. 9880, 3 1.9-13.84) City code cross rettrences—Parkins for purpose of sell• ing merchandise from vehicle generally prohibited, 135.11M. towing of vehicles. 142.71 et seq. Supp. No. IS 1 39.21 Sec. 39-19. Size requirements for vending stands. No stand shall exceed three and one-half (3%) feet in width and six (6) feet in length and five (5) feet in height exclusive of the height of umbrel- las, canopies, and similar devices. Canopies and umbrellas shall have a minimum seven -foot clear• ance above ground level. (Ord. No. 9880, 1 1, 9.13-84) Sec. 39-20. Health and sanitation require. ments for food vending. Vendors of food shall comply with the require- ments and standards of the department of health and the following: (1) The equipment used in vending food shall be inspected by department of health upon ap. plication for a license and receive a certifi. cate of inspection upon compliance with this section. (2) Each food vending business shall be so in. spected at least twice a year. (Ord. No. 9880, 11, 9-13-84) Sec. 39-21. Safety requirements. All motor vehicles in or from which food is prepared or sold shall comply with the following requirements: (1) All equipment installed in any part of the vehicle shall be secured in order to prevent movement during transit and to prevent de. tachment in the event of a collision or overturn. (2) All utensils shall be stored in order to pre- vent their being hurled about in the event of a sudden stop, collision or overturn. A safety knife holder shall be provided to avoid loose storage of knives. Any glass must be safety plate clearly identified by its manufacturer as such. (3) Compressors. auxiliary engines, generators. batteries, battery chargers, gas fueled water heaters, and similar equipment shall be in- stalled so as to be accessible only from out- side the vehicle. 2697 85-843. 0 M 4 39.27 PEDDLERS. VENDORS. rMERAIVT MANUFACTURERS. ETC. both fine and imprisonment. (Ord. No. 9880, § 1, 9.13-84) Sec. 39.27.1. Violation a nuisance; summary abatement. The placement of any stand or device on any sidewalk or street in violation of the provisions of this article is declared to be a public nuisance. The police department may cause the removal of any stand or device found on a sidewalk or street in violation of this article and is authorized to store such stand or device until the owner thereof shall redeem it by paying the removal and stor- age charges therefore to be established by the police department. (Ord. No. 9880, § 1, 9.13.84) Sec. 39.272. Enforcement of article. It shall be the duty of the members of the police department, license inspectors, and code inspec- tors of the city, to enforce the terms and condi- tions of this article, and if any person is found violating the provisions of this article to arrest such person and hold such violator for proper legal action in the county court or cite such person for appearance before, and action by, the city's code enforcement board. (Ord. No. 9880, § 1, 9.13.84) ARTICLE III. ITINERANT MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALERS OF WOMEN'S CLOTHING• Sec. 39-28. Definitions. For the purpose of this article, an "itinerant manufacturer" or "wholesaler of women's dresses, coats, millinery, beachwear and general mercantile dry goods" shall be construed to mean and include all persons, both principals and agents, who have not been actively engaged in the city, in the particular business for which the application for license is made, for a continuous period of at least one (1) year immediately preceding the application for a license to manufacture or sell at wholesale women's dresses, coats, •City code cross reference —Licenses for itinerant manufacwrers and whol"ors of womon'a clothing, 1 31.49. Supp. No.18 1 39.29 millinery, beachwear and general mercantile dry goods and who, for the purpose of carrying on business, or any part or service appertaining thereto. occupies, leases, hires or makes use of real estate, buildings, room - space, structures or other property for the sale, exhibition or delivery of such merchan- dise, or the manufacturing thereof. The persons so engaged shall not be relieved from the full provisions of this article by reason of association with any other manufacturer or wholesaler, or by the employment of any other subterfuge to evade the provisions and intent of this article. (Code 1967, § 40-8) 2699 Sec. 39-29. Bond required. Each wholesaler provided for in this article shall, before receiving a license to transact business in the city, execute a good and sufficient surety bond in the sum of one thousand dollars ($1,000.00) signed by the wholesaler as principal and a surety company or corporation organized and existing under the laws of the state and authorized to do business in the state, or a cash bond in the amount of one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), which bond shall be approved by the city attorney and shall be payable to the city manager and his successors in office for the use and benefit of any person entitled thereto, and conditioned that the principal and the surety shall pay all personal property taxes that may be assessed against the wholesaler, or his stock or other personal property used by hires in his business, and further conditioned that the wholesaler will comply with the provisions of this article, and further conditioned on the satisfactory per- formance of all contracts with the public and merchants entered into in the course of the business for which the license may be issued and during the period for which the license is in force, and further conditioned that such bond shall not be cancelled without thirty (30) days' notice to the director of finance. Such bond shall be filed with the director of finance. After the expiration of ninety (90) days from the termination of any license period, the director of finance shall determine 85-84 3 _