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HomeMy WebLinkAboutSubmittal-Neisen Kasdin-Trip Tracking MethodologySubmitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Kimley»>Horn May 26, 2021 Mr. Alex Schapiro Miami Design District Associates 3841 NE 2"d Avenue, Suite 300 Miami, Florida 33137 Re: Miami Design District Special Area Plan (SAP) Development Trip Tracking Methodology Dear Mr. Schapiro: Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. is proposing a development trip tracking methodology in order to monitor development within the Miami Design District SAP generally bounded by NE 43rd Street to the north, NE 381h Street to the south, North Miami Avenue to the west, and Biscayne Boulevard to the east in Miami, Florida. The following sections summarize the proposed methodology and baseline trip generation calculations based on a comparison of the currently constructed development within the SAP and the approved SAP amendment. TRACKING FRAMEWORK The most recent Miami Design District Special Area Plan Amendment Traffic Impact Analysis, May 2013 was approved by the City of Miami as part of the existing SAP. The traffic study specified an overall level of development (existing and proposed) permitted within the SAP boundary and calculated the P.M. peak hour trips generated by that overall development plan. Excerpts from the approved SAP traffic study including the trip generation calculations contained in Appendix G of the study are included in Attachment A-1. The existing development within the SAP boundary accounts for a portion of the approved total trip generation. As sites within the SAP boundary are developed in the future, the surplus trips from the overall approved SAP P.M. trip generation will be utilized. The trip generation calculations will be updated to account for the new development sites and compared to the approved total P.M. peak hour trip generation. This analysis will be conducted and submitted to the City each time a site is proposed for development within the SAP. The following sections summarize the detailed methodology that will be used in the preparation of the analysis updates. TRIP TRACKING METHODOLOGY The proposed tracking methodology will utilize the P.M. peak hour trip generation associated with the development program included as part of the approved SAP traffic study to establish the maximum allowable number of trips within the SAP not to be exceeded before requiring an updated traffic study. Trip generation calculations will be prepared for each proposed development application and will be compared to the remaining P.M. peak hour trip balance established by the approved SAP. The following trip generation calculation methodology is proposed: • Calculate gross P.M. peak hour trip generation for the proposed development and any currently constructed or previously approved development within the SAP based on the latest trip rates/equations contained in the Institute of Transportation Engineers' (ITE) Trip Generation Manual, 10th Edition. 87Z�f VA��brn�%1-1Jecs�VAS Aas- Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Kimley»>Horn Mr. Alex Schapiro, May 26, 2021, Page 2 • Apply a 9.3 percent (9.3%) multimodal reduction factor based on US Census Means of Transportation to Work data for the census tracts in which the SAP is located. Note that the appropriate multimodal reduction factor will be re-evaluated as US Census data is updated and additional multimodal (transit, bicycle, and pedestrian) infrastructure is provided within the vicinity of the Design District. • Apply an internal capture reduction based on the proposed and currently constructed mix of land uses based on the methodology contained in the ITE Trip Generation Handbook, 3Id Edition. • Apply pass -by factor to land uses with available P.M. peak hour pass -by data utilizing average rates contained in the ITE Trip Generation Handbook, 3rd Edition. BASELINE TRIP GENERATION ANALYSIS A trip generation analysis was conducted for the currently constructed development within the SAP utilizing the proposed development trip tracking methodology to determine the remaining number of P.M. peak hour trips available within the SAP determined from the P.M. peak hour trip generation included as part of the approved SAP traffic study. The trip generation calculations were prepared utilizing the Institute of Transportation Engineers' (ITE) Trip Generation Manual, 10th Edition. The currently constructed (new and existing) development within the SAP consists of approximately 360,711 square feet of retail space, 19,702 square feet of office space, and 57,540 square feet of restaurant space. The currently constructed development program within the SAP is provided in Attachment B-1. Trip generation for the currently constructed development within the SAP was determined using ITE Land Use Code (LUC) 820 (Shopping Center), LUC 710 (General Office Building), LUC 310 (Hotel), LUC 220 (Multifamily Housing [Low -Rise]), and LUC 932 (High Turnover [Sit -Down] Restaurant). Trip generation calculations were prepared for the P.M. peak hour. A multimodal (public transit, bicycle, and pedestrian) factor based on US Census Means of Transportation to Work data was reviewed for the census tracts in which the SAP is located. An average multimodal factor of 9.3 percent (9.3%) was applied to the trip generation calculations to account for the urban environment in which the project site is located. It is expected that employees, residents, patrons, and guests will choose to walk, bike, or use public transit to and from the site. A portion of the trips generated by the currently constructed development within the SAP will be captured internally on the site. Internal capture trips were determined based on the methodology contained in ITE's Trip Generation Handbook, 31d Edition. Pass -by capture trip rates were determined based on average rates provided in the ITE's Trip Generation Handbook, 3 d Edition. Table 1 summarizes the trip remaining within the SAP. As Table 1 indicates, the approved SAP traffic study establishes the maximum P.M. peak hour trip capacity (2,522 trips) for the SAP. The currently constructed development within the SAP represents the number of P.M. peak hour trips (930 trips) currently utilized as part of the SAP. Therefore, additional development equivalent to 1,592 P.M. peak hour trips is permitted within the SAP without requiring an updated traffic study. Detailed trip generation calculations and US Census Means of Transportation to Work data are included in Attachment C-1. Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Kimley>»Horn Mr. Alex Schapiro. May 26, 2021, Page 3 Table 1: P.M. Peak Hour Trip Generation Summary Development Plan In Out Total Approved SAP Traffic Study 1,196 1,326 2,522 Currently Constructed Development -477 -453 -930 Trips Remaining 719 873 1,592 CONCLUSION In conclusion, a development trip tracking methodology is proposed in order to monitor development within the Miami Design District SAP. Based on the approved SAP traffic study, the currently constructed development, and the proposed development trip tracking methodology, approximately 1,592 P.M. peak hour trips remain within the SAP. If you have any questions regarding this analysis, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely, KIMLEY-HORN AND ASSOCIATES, INC `?i� John J. McWilliams, P.E. Attachments •'' sEpH MCw''� E N 0 No 62541 t!► STATE OF : lV G�, FS ' ........... N�. John J. McWilliams, P.E. Florida Registration Number 62541 Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. 8201 Peters Road, Suite 2200 Fort Lauderdale, FL 33324 Registry# 00000696 This document has been digitally signed and sealed by John J. McWilliams, P.E., on the date adjacent to the seal. John J DigiOlysig-dbyJohnJ McWilliams McWilliams Dace:zozi.os.zeia:z3:z7 -oa'oo Printed copies of this document are not considered signed and sealed and the signature must be verified on any electronic copies. K:\FTL_TPTO\043505008 - MDD SAP 2021\correspondenceUtr\05 26 2021 Miami Design District Development Trip Tracking Methodology. docx Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Attachment A-1 Miami Design District Special Area Plan Amendment Traffic Impact Analysis, May 2013 Trip Generation Calculations Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Traffic Impact Analysis for Submittal to the City of Miami 'f All Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. ©2013 Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc. May 2013 043505003 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk APPENDIX G: Trip Generation Calculations PM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION (PROPOSED SCENARIO) ITE TRIP GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS DIRECTIONAL DISTRIBUTION GROSS PROJECT TRIPS INTERNAL CAPTURE EXTERNAL VOLUMES 10% MULTIMODAL REDUCTION FACTOR NET NEW PROJECT TRIPS Land Use ITE Edition ITE Code Scale ITE Units Percent In Out Total Percent IC Trips In Out Total Percent Trips In Out Total In Out Shopping Center 9 820 1089.83 ksf 48% 52% 1,425 1,544 2,969 7.0% 207 1,325 1,437 2,762 10.0% 276 1,187 1,299 2,486 General Office Building 9 710 181.146 ksf 17% 83% 48 233 281 19.6°% 55 29 197 226 10.0% 22 18 186 204 Hotel 9 310 52 room 51 % 49°% 16 15 31 38.7% 12 10 9 19 10.0% 2 9 8 17 Residential Condom inium/Townhouse 9 230 561 du 67% 33% 165 82 247 1 52.2% 129 1 96 22 118 10.0% 12 90 16 106 High -Turnover (Sit -Down) Restaurant s ° ° 318 34.3% 109 129 80 209 I u.0% 20 119 70 189 ITE Land Use Code 820 710 310 Rate or Equation LN(Y) = 0.67*LN(X)+3.31 Y=1.12*(X)+78,45 Y=0.6(X) Sub -total: 16% VOF Reduction Total Net Newl 1,845 2,001 3,846 13.3% 512 1,589 1,745 3,334 10.0% 332 1,423 1,579 3,002 227 253 480 1,196 1,326 2,522 83 226 309 zou LIVk T) = 0.82 LNV X)-0.32 932 Y=9.85(X) 4/25/2013 rD n O O N � � C O � � Ln O 'r N r+ V '-r tp IV (D O 3 N r+ H' O t7 N S oo (D O C �D CL tS -o n' N lfl Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Attachment B-1 Currently Constructed Development Program MIAMI DESIGN DISTRICT Retail Office Food andHotel Keys Resi Units Beverage Developed Property Under SAP MDDA Total Developed 360,711 19,702 57,540 - - K:\FTL_TPTO\043505008 - MDD SAP 2021\Data\Scenarios\MDD Scenarios - final - 12-8-20 05 05 2021.xlsx rD 0 0 0 Q T 0 N � N rD o 3 N � I� 11 NJ _. NJ W O (D Q N V) 0 rrt-r (D 0- 0 'rt3- O C n Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Attachment C-1 U.S. Census Data CURRENTLY CONSTRUCTED WITHIN SAP WEEKDAY PM PEAK HOUR TRIP GENERATION © © - m��®mmommm©omm�o©mm�o©mm mom®mm��mm®��m�mt®®��mt®mom -'11-�9�'�H 1LSi� 11'll'f 7T 710 LN(Y) = 0.95'LN(X)+0.36 932 Y=9.77(X) K:\FTL_TPTO\043505008 - MOO SAP 20211Cslcs\trip gen\TRIP GEN 10_05 26 2021.xlsx: PRINT -PM PEAK HOUR 512612021,12:21 PM M C) O O cn O � � C) �I rr rD IV rD Q O 53- N � O n IV H 0, rD rD Q a- fV CD Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Internal Capture Reduction Calculations Methodology for A.M. Peak Hour and P.M. Peak Hour based on the Trip Generation Handbook, 3rd Edition, published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers Methodology for Daily based on the average of the Unconstrained Rates for the A.M. Peak Hour and P.M. Peak Hour SUMMARY (CURRENTLY CONSTRUCTED WITHIN SAP) GROSS TRIP GENERATION Land Use P.M. Peak Hour Enter Exit Office 4 18 Retail 611 662 n' Restaurant 316 194 ZCinema/Entertainment 0 0 Residential 0 0 Hotel 0 0 931 874 INTERNAL TRIPS Land Use P.M. Peak Hour Enter Exit Office 2 5 G. Retail 84 93 Restaurant 93 81 O Cinema/Entertainment 0 0 Residential 0 0 Hotel 0 1 0 179 179 Total % Reduction 19.8% Office 31.8% dRetail 13.9% Restaurant 34.1% Cinema/Entertainment O Residential Hotel EXTERNAL TRIPS Land Use P.M. Peak Hour Enter Exit Office 2 13 a Retail 527 569 Restaurant 223 113 O Cinema/Entertainment 0 0 Residential 0 0 Hotel 0 0 752 695 K:\FTL_TPTO\043505008 - MDD SAP 2021\Calcs\trip gen\TRIP GEN 10_05 26 2021.xlsx: Intem2IC2pture (Proposed) 5/26/2021.12:21 PM 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=140000OUS12086002100&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview=false United States" MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Ce n s u s Bureau Note: This is a modified view of the original table produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. This download or printed version may have missing information from the original table. (27+0+11)/1,229 = 3.1 Census Tract 21, Miami -Dade County, Florida Label Estimate Margin v Total: 1,229 v Car, truck, or van: I 1,010 Drove alone 939 v Carpooled: 71 In 2-person carpool 71 In 3-person carpool 0 In 4-person carpool 0 In 5- or 6-person carpool I 0 In 7-or-more-person carpool I 0 v Public transportation (excluding taxicab): 27 Bus 14 Subway or elevated rail 13 Long-distance train or commuter rail 0 i Light rail, streetcar or trolley (carro p6blico in Puerto Rico) 0 Ferryboat 0 Taxicab I 25 Motorcycle 0 Bicycle 0 Walked 11 Other means 59 Worked from home 97 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=1400000US1 20860021 00&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 1 /3 1 /5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=140000OUSl2086002100&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false Table Notes MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Survey/Program: American Community Survey Universe: Workers 16 years and over Year: 2019 Estimates: 5-Year Table ID: B08301 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 2019 ACS data products include updates to several categories of the existing means of transportation question. For more information, see: Change to Means of Transportation. Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables. Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week. The 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities. Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization. Explanation of Symbols: An "**" entry in the margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate. An " " entry in the estimate column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution, or the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself. An "2 following a median estimate means the median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution. An 'Y' following a median estimate means the median falls in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=1400000US12086002100&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 2/3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=140000OUS12086002100&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview4alse An "***" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the median falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate. An "*****" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate. An "N" entry in the estimate and margin of error columns indicates that data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small. An "(X)" means that the estimate is not applicable or not available. Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section. Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section. Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=1400000US12086002100&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview4alse 3/3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=1400000US12086002201&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview4alse United States" MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Census Bureau Note: This is a modified view of the original table produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. This download or printed version may have missing information from the original table. 1 (39+0+233)/2,124 = 12.8% ICensus Tract 22.01, Miami -Dade County, Florida Label v Total: v Car, truck, or van: Drove alone v Carpooled: _ .._._ In 2-person carpool In 3-person carpool In 4-person carpool i In 5- or 6-person carpool In 7-or-more-person carpool v Public transportation (excluding taxicab): Bus Subway or elevated rail Long-distance train or commuter rail Light rail, streetcar or trolley (carro p6blico in Puerto Rico) Ferryboat Taxicab Motorcycle Bicycle Walked Other means Worked from home Estimate Margin 58 129 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk https://data.cens us.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301 &g=140000OUS 12086002201 &tid=ACSDT5Y2019. BO8301 &h id ePreview=false 1 /3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=140000OUSl2086002201&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview=false Table Notes MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Survey/Program: American Community Survey Universe: Workers 16 years and over Year: 2019 Estimates: 5-Year Table ID: B08301 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 2019 ACS data products include updates to several categories of the existing means of transportation question. For more information, see: Change to Means of Transportation. Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables. Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week. The 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities. Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization. Explanation of Symbols: An "**" entry in the margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate. An "-" entry in the estimate column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution, or the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself. An %" following a median estimate means the median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution. An "+" following a median estimate means the median falls in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301 &g=1400000US12086002201 &tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 2/3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=140000OUS12086002201&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview=false An "***" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the median falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate. An "*****" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate. An "N" entry in the estimate and margin of error columns indicates that data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small. An "(X)" means that the estimate is not applicable or not available. Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section. Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section. Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301 &g=1400000US12086002201 &tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 3/3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=140000OUS12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview=false United States', MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Census Bureau Note: This is a modified view of the original table produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. This download or printed version may have missing information from the original table. (166+115+32)/2,630 — 11.9% Census Tract 22.02, Miami -Dade County, Florida Label Estimate Margin v Total: 2,630 v Car, truck, or van: 2,199 Drove alone 1,975 v Carpooled: 224 In 2-person carpool 203 In 3-person carpool 21 In 4-person carpool 0 In 5- or 6-person carpool 0 In 7-or-more-person carpool I 0 v Public transportation (excluding taxicab): 166 Bus 166 Subway or elevated rail 0 Long-distance train or commuter rail 0 Light rail, streetcar or trolley (carro publico in Puerto Rico) 0 Ferryboat 0 Taxicab 0 Motorcycle I 0 Bicycle 115 Walked 32 Other means 82 Worked from home 36 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=1400000US12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 1 /3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=140000OUS12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.BO8301MidePreview=false Table Notes MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK Survey/Program: American Community Survey Universe: Workers 16 years and over Year: 2019 Estimates: 5-Year Table ID: B08301 Submitted into the public record for item(s) PZ.8 and PZ.9 on 05-27-2021, City Clerk Although the American Community Survey (ACS) produces population, demographic and housing unit estimates, it is the Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program that produces and disseminates the official estimates of the population for the nation, states, counties, cities, and towns and estimates of housing units for states and counties. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2019 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates 2019 ACS data products include updates to several categories of the existing means of transportation question. For more information, see: Change to Means of Transportation. Data are based on a sample and are subject to sampling variability. The degree of uncertainty for an estimate arising from sampling variability is represented through the use of a margin of error. The value shown here is the 90 percent margin of error. The margin of error can be interpreted roughly as providing a 90 percent probability that the interval defined by the estimate minus the margin of error and the estimate plus the margin of error (the lower and upper confidence bounds) contains the true value. In addition to sampling variability, the ACS estimates are subject to nonsampling error (for a discussion of nonsampling variability, see ACS Technical Documentation). The effect of nonsampling error is not represented in these tables. Workers include members of the Armed Forces and civilians who were at work last week. The 2015-2019 American Community Survey (ACS) data generally reflect the September 2018 Office of Management and Budget (OMB) delineations of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas. In certain instances, the names, codes, and boundaries of the principal cities shown in ACS tables may differ from the OMB delineation lists due to differences in the effective dates of the geographic entities. Estimates of urban and rural populations, housing units, and characteristics reflect boundaries of urban areas defined based on Census 2010 data. As a result, data for urban and rural areas from the ACS do not necessarily reflect the results of ongoing urbanization. Explanation of Symbols: An "**" entry in the margin of error column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute a standard error and thus the margin of error. A statistical test is not appropriate. An "" entry in the estimate column indicates that either no sample observations or too few sample observations were available to compute an estimate, or a ratio of medians cannot be calculated because one or both of the median estimates falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution, or the margin of error associated with a median was larger than the median itself. An "-" following a median estimate means the median falls in the lowest interval of an open-ended distribution. An 'Y' following a median estimate means the median falls in the upper interval of an open-ended distribution. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=1400000US12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview=false 2/3 1/5/2021 https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=BO8301&g=1400000US12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301&hidePreview4alse An "***" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the median falls in the lowest interval or upper interval of an open-ended distribution. A statistical test is not appropriate. An "*****" entry in the margin of error column indicates that the estimate is controlled. A statistical test for sampling variability is not appropriate. An "N" entry in the estimate and margin of error columns indicates that data for this geographic area cannot be displayed because the number of sample cases is too small. An "(X)" means that the estimate is not applicable or not available. Supporting documentation on code lists, subject definitions, data accuracy, and statistical testing can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Technical Documentation section. Sample size and data quality measures (including coverage rates, allocation rates, and response rates) can be found on the American Community Survey website in the Methodology section. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=B08301&g=1400000US12086002202&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B08301 &hidePreview4alse 3/3